WO2019071920A1 - 一种稀土/金属化合物功能单体及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种稀土/金属化合物功能单体及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019071920A1 WO2019071920A1 PCT/CN2018/080192 CN2018080192W WO2019071920A1 WO 2019071920 A1 WO2019071920 A1 WO 2019071920A1 CN 2018080192 W CN2018080192 W CN 2018080192W WO 2019071920 A1 WO2019071920 A1 WO 2019071920A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/44—Polymerisation in the presence of compounding ingredients, e.g. plasticisers, dyestuffs, fillers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F14/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen
- C08F14/02—Monomers containing chlorine
- C08F14/04—Monomers containing two carbon atoms
- C08F14/08—Vinylidene chloride
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/12—Polymerisation in non-solvents
- C08F2/16—Aqueous medium
- C08F2/22—Emulsion polymerisation
- C08F2/24—Emulsion polymerisation with the aid of emulsifying agents
- C08F2/26—Emulsion polymerisation with the aid of emulsifying agents anionic
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F20/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F20/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms, Derivatives thereof
- C08F20/04—Acids, Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof
- C08F20/06—Acrylic acid; Methacrylic acid; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F20/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F20/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms, Derivatives thereof
- C08F20/10—Esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F20/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F20/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms, Derivatives thereof
- C08F20/42—Nitriles
- C08F20/44—Acrylonitrile
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F214/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen
- C08F214/02—Monomers containing chlorine
- C08F214/04—Monomers containing two carbon atoms
- C08F214/08—Vinylidene chloride
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F30/00—Homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal
- C08F30/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal containing phosphorus
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
- C08K5/101—Esters; Ether-esters of monocarboxylic acids
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/17—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/16—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
- C08F220/18—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/221—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of rare earth metal
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the field of functional monomers, and in particular relates to a rare earth/metal compound functional monomer and a preparation method and application thereof.
- PVDC Polyvinylidene chloride
- a packaging material PVDC is often a poor thermal stability.
- the thermal decomposition temperature is 100-120 ° C. When it is exposed to heat or room temperature for a long time, double bond conjugate is generated, and hydrogen chloride is released to cause voids between molecules.
- the barrier property is invalid, which leads to the addition of preservatives and other additives in the food to increase the storage time, which often has certain harm to the human body.
- the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a rare earth/metal compound functional monomer, a preparation method and application thereof, and the functional monomer and the high molecular polymer monomer copolymerize, which can change the side chain distortion of the existing partial polymer material.
- the crystal structure becomes an ordered linear structure of the side chain, thereby greatly improving the strength, toughness and barrier properties of the original polymer material.
- the mechanical properties of the new material are improved by 0.3-3 times and the thermal stability can be improved on the original basis. 20-60%, and is given memory.
- the invention provides a rare earth/metal compound functional monomer, the raw material composition comprises a mother liquor, an organic grease, an auxiliary agent and deionized water; wherein the mother liquor comprises a rare earth compound or a metal compound, an organic acid, an organic amine and deionized water.
- the rare earth compound or metal compound is one or more of an oxide, a hydroxide or a carbonate of a rare earth or a metal.
- the oxide is preferably a suboxide.
- the rare earth is an element of lanthanum, cerium, lanthanum, cerium or lanthanum; and the metal is an element of zinc, calcium, magnesium, manganese, copper, nickel, aluminum, lanthanum, molybdenum, cerium, tungsten, lanthanum or cerium.
- the organic acid is one or more of citric acid, maleic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, succinic acid, and adipic acid.
- the organic amine is one or more of diethylamine, ethylenediamine, allylamine, and diethylenetriamine.
- the mother liquor comprises, by mass percentage, a rare earth compound or a metal compound of 6-9%, an organic acid of 15% to 25%, an organic amine of 10-20%, and the balance being deionized water.
- the organic grease is an acrylate or an epoxy ester.
- the acrylate is one or more of ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, isooctyl acrylate, and butylene maleate;
- the epoxy ester is an epoxy fatty acid methyl ester, a ring.
- the auxiliary agent comprises a catalyst and a polymerization inhibitor, and the mass ratio of the catalyst to the polymerization inhibitor is 1:2-5.
- the catalyst is p-toluenesulfonic acid;
- the polymerization inhibitor is one or more of hydroquinone, methylhydroquinone THQ, p-hydroxyanisole HQMME, p-methoxyphenol MEHQkind.
- the raw material composition comprises 18-28% of the mother liquor, 48-58% of the organic fat, 0.1-2% of the auxiliary agent, and the balance is deionized water.
- the invention further provides a preparation method of a rare earth/metal compound functional monomer, comprising:
- the deionized water is heated to 50-60 ° C and kept warm, then the organic acid is added, and after adding the rare earth compound or the metal compound, the organic amine is added after heating for 2 to 4 hours, and heated to 70-80 ° C and Insulation, cooling and filtering to obtain a mother liquor;
- the invention further provides the use of a functional monomer of a rare earth/metal compound, which is polymerized with a high molecular polymer monomer to obtain an alloy material.
- a functional monomer of a rare earth/metal compound which is polymerized with a high molecular polymer monomer to obtain an alloy material.
- a functional monomer of a rare earth/metal compound which is polymerized with a high molecular polymer monomer to obtain an alloy material.
- a functional monomer of a rare earth/metal compound which is polymerized with a high molecular polymer monomer to obtain an alloy material.
- a functional monomer of a rare earth/metal compound which is polymerized with a high molecular polymer monomer to obtain an alloy material.
- the alloy material can be obtained by an emulsion method or a suspension polymerization process to obtain an emulsion alloy material having a solid content of 50-60% and a solid alloy material of 100%.
- the alloy solid material is applied to a cling film, a food soft pack, a fermented liquid food bottle, a medicine bottle or a cosmetic bottle.
- the alloy emulsion material is applied to a food packaging K film to improve the barrier property, yellowing resistance, heat sealing strength, oil resistance and water resistance of the K film.
- the alloy material is applied to steel structure heavy anti-corrosion washing paint, and can control the content of VOC below 30 g / liter, which is beneficial to environmental protection.
- the alloy material is applied to special and intelligent coatings, for example, to effectively prevent the attachment and stealth functions of marine organisms.
- the high molecular polymer monomer is vinylidene chloride.
- the invention also provides a copolymerized REPVDC alloy emulsion comprising, by mass percentage, the following components:
- composition of the mixed monomer emulsifier includes an emulsifier, a wetting agent, a protective gel, and deionized water.
- the mixed monomer emulsifier is based on mass percentage (based on the total amount of the alloy emulsion), and includes:
- composition of the primer comprises a seed emulsion, an emulsifier, a wetting agent, a protective gel, a pH adjuster, and deionized water.
- the primer is based on mass percentage (based on the total amount of the alloy emulsion), including:
- the emulsifier is a nonionic fatty acid polyoxyethylene ether.
- the wetting agent is a fluorine-containing anionic surfactant or a silicon-containing anionic surfactant.
- the protective glue is a phosphate anionic surfactant or a sulfonate anionic surfactant.
- the pH adjusting agent is one or more of ammonium hydrogencarbonate, glacial acetic acid, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
- the seed emulsion comprises, by mass percentage, the following components:
- the initiator comprises an initiator A and an initiator B; wherein the initiator A comprises an oxidizing agent and deionized water; and the initiator B comprises a reducing agent and deionized water.
- the oxidizing agent is one or more of hydrogen peroxide, ammonium persulfate and potassium persulfate.
- the reducing agent is one or more of white powder, sodium hydrogen sulfite and sodium hydrogen phosphite.
- the stabilizer is added in an amount of 4 to 6 Torr of the total mass of the emulsion.
- the stabilizer is based on mass percentage (based on the total amount of the alloy emulsion), and includes:
- the antioxidant is one or more of BHT, 1010, TPP.
- the antioxidant is one or more of UV-531, UV-9, UV-P, anti-aging agent H, and antioxidant MB.
- the invention also provides a preparation method of a copolymerized REPVDC alloy emulsion, comprising:
- the invention also provides an application of a copolymerized REPVDC alloy emulsion, which is applied to steel structure water-based heavy anti-corrosion, food packaging or egg, fruit and vegetable preservation.
- the invention also provides a copolymerized REPVDC alloy solid resin comprising the following components in mass percentage:
- the balance is a mixed monomer dispersant, and the sum of the total mass percentages is 100%.
- the mixed monomer dispersant comprises, by mass percentage, the following components:
- the dispersing agent is polyvinyl alcohol.
- the pH adjusting agent is ammonium hydrogencarbonate or ammonia water.
- the molecular weight modifier is ⁇ -mercaptoethanol.
- the mixed monomer initiator comprises the following components in mass percentage:
- the balance is deionized water and the sum of the total mass percentages is 100%. .
- the initiator is diethylhexyl peroxydicarbonate EHP or diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate IPP.
- the emulsifier is a nonionic fatty acid polyoxyethylene ether.
- the wetting agent is a fluorine-containing anionic surfactant or a silicon-containing anionic surfactant.
- the terminator is diethylhydroxylamine DEHA.
- the neutralizing agent is sodium hydroxide.
- the antifoaming agent is a silane series, preferably a silicone antifoaming agent.
- the invention also provides a preparation method of copolymerized REPVDC alloy solid resin, comprising:
- the reactor is vacuumed and filled with nitrogen, then the heated deionized water is added first, then the dispersing monomer and the mixed monomer initiator are added, the reaction is stirred, the terminator is added to terminate the reaction, and finally the reaction is added.
- the agent and the antifoaming agent are cooled and discharged, that is, the REPVDC alloy solid resin is obtained.
- the preparation method is as follows:
- the vinylidene chloride is poured into the monomer reaction kettle (No. 1 kettle) according to the formula, and then the phosphoric acid phosphate is added, the rotation speed is 200-300 rpm, and after stirring for 20-30 minutes, the sealing is placed 12 - After 24 hours, spare.
- water, emulsifier and wetting agent are first added to the initiator kettle (No. 4 kettle), the rotation speed is 400-500 rpm, stirring is continued, and the initiator is added dropwise to the No. 4 kettle. Calculated according to the average rate, after 90 minutes of dropping, the monomer initiator was mixed.
- Deionized water was added to the hot water kettle (No. 5 kettle), and stirring was continued at a rotation speed of 300-400 rpm, and the standard temperature (50-55 ° C) of the polymerization parameters was set to ⁇ 0.2 ° C to be heated and kept warm for use.
- the reaction terminator kettle (No. 6 kettle) was prepared in a ratio of 50% terminator and 50% deionized water, and was continuously stirred at a rotation speed of 300-400 rpm.
- the material was formulated into a neutralization kettle at a ratio of 35% neutralizer to 65% deionized water and continuously stirred at a speed of 300-400 rpm.
- an anti-blocking agent is applied; once the anti-blocking agent is applied, the polymerization can be repeated 3-5 times.
- the emulsification initiator is started to be added dropwise, and the dropwise addition amount is 6-9% (total volume of the seventh tank), and the dropwise addition is calculated at an average dropping rate for 4-6 hours.
- the invention also provides an application of copolymerized REPVDC alloy solid resin, which is applied to packaging bottles, packaging boxes and packaging bags in the fields of medicine, cosmetics and food, thereby avoiding the use of preservatives or food, fruits and vegetables or poultry.
- the plastic wrap of the egg can achieve the preservation function under normal temperature conditions.
- the alloy copolymer of the rare earth/metal compound and vinylidene chloride the performance of the alloy copolymer is better than that of the polyvinylidene chloride PVDC, as follows:
- the crystal structure of the PVDC side chain can be changed into an ordered linear structure of the side chain, thereby greatly improving the strength, toughness and barrier property of PVDC.
- RE the rare earth element
- REPVDC the PVDC of the copolymerized rare earth/metal alloy
- the functional monomer of the present invention is copolymerized with a high molecular polymer monomer (for example, vinylidene chloride), and can change the crystal structure of the side chain of the existing partial polymer material, and become an ordered linear structure of the side chain, thereby being large.
- a high molecular polymer monomer for example, vinylidene chloride
- the strength, toughness and barrier properties of the original polymer materials are increased in a large extent.
- the mechanical properties of the new materials are improved by 0.3-3 times, the temperature resistance performance is increased by 20-60%, and the memory is imparted; the preparation process is simple. Low cost and good application prospects.
- the mother liquor formula is as follows:
- the temperature is controlled at 55 ⁇ 2 ° C for 2-4 hours.
- the mother liquor formula is as follows:
- the temperature is controlled at 55 ⁇ 2 ° C for 2-4 hours.
- the mother liquor formula is as follows:
- the temperature is controlled at 55 ⁇ 2 ° C for 2-4 hours.
- the mother liquor formula is as follows:
- the temperature is controlled at 55 ⁇ 2 ° C for 2-4 hours.
- the mother liquor formula is as follows:
- the temperature is controlled at 55 ⁇ 2 ° C for 2-4 hours.
- the mother liquor formula is as follows:
- the temperature is controlled at 55 ⁇ 2 ° C for 2-4 hours.
- the functional monomer formula is as follows:
- the 1-3% desiccant of the functional monomer amount is added to the functional monomer, left for 24 hours, filtered, and placed in a dark container, and stored at room temperature for 12 months.
- the functional monomer formula is as follows:
- the 1-3% desiccant of the functional monomer amount is added to the functional monomer, left for 24 hours, filtered, and placed in a dark container, and stored at room temperature for 12 months.
- the functional monomer formula is as follows:
- the 1-3% desiccant of the functional monomer amount is added to the functional monomer, left for 24 hours, filtered, and placed in a dark container, and stored at room temperature for 12 months.
- the functional monomer formula is as follows:
- the 1-3% desiccant of the functional monomer amount is added to the functional monomer, left for 24 hours, filtered, and placed in a dark container, and stored at room temperature for 12 months.
- the functional monomer formula is as follows:
- the 1-3% desiccant of the functional monomer amount is added to the functional monomer, left for 24 hours, filtered, and placed in a dark container, and stored at room temperature for 12 months.
- Examples 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 are pure REPVDC blown films, so the barrier properties are completely superior to ordinary PVDC.
- the mother liquor formula is as follows:
- the functional monomer formula is as follows:
- the preparation method is as follows:
- the bottom material is prepared into the polymerization kettle according to the formula ratio. After sealing, vacuuming and filling with nitrogen three times, vacuuming again to ensure the pressure is between -0.09 and 0.080, and stirring is continued, the rotation speed is 600-800 rpm. /min, the set temperature is 60 °C.
- the nitrogen valve and vacuum pump switch at the bottom of the polymerization vessel are simultaneously denitrified (the meaning of denitrification is to remove unreacted monomer), and the denitrification is started. After 2 hours, the sample is sampled and analyzed for residue. The concentration of the monomer is adjusted until the standard is met, and the de-thaw valve and the vacuum pump are turned off.
- the vent valve is opened to make the pressure in the polymerization tank equal to the atmosphere, and then discharged.
- the seed emulsion of the present embodiment has high transparency, high emulsion filtration residue and good storage stability; and the preparation process has high polymerization pressure and easy breaking.
- the preparation method is as follows:
- the bottom material is prepared into the polymerization kettle according to the formula ratio. After sealing, vacuuming and filling with nitrogen three times, vacuuming again to ensure the pressure is between -0.09 and 0.080, and stirring is continued, the rotation speed is 600-800 rpm. /min, the set temperature is 55 °C.
- the vent valve is opened to make the pressure in the polymerization tank equal to the atmosphere, and then discharged.
- the seed emulsion of the present embodiment has good film forming barrier property (long salt spray test time), less filter residue, and stable storage; the preparation process has moderate polymerization pressure, emulsion recovery rate of 99.3%, and less residual monomer.
- the preparation method is as follows:
- the bottom material is prepared into the polymerization kettle according to the formula ratio. After sealing, vacuuming and filling with nitrogen three times, vacuuming again to ensure the pressure is between -0.09 and 0.080, and stirring is continued, the rotation speed is 600-800 rpm. /min, the set temperature is 55 °C.
- the vent valve is opened to make the pressure in the polymerization tank equal to the atmosphere, and then discharged.
- the seed emulsion of the present embodiment has good film adhesion, lower barrier property than Example 2, emulsion filtration without slag, and general storage stability; preparation process moderate polymerization pressure, high emulsion recovery rate, and residual monomer ratio of Example 2 high.
- the preparation method is as follows:
- the bottom material is prepared into the polymerization kettle according to the formula ratio. After sealing, vacuuming and filling with nitrogen three times, vacuuming again to ensure the pressure is between -0.09 and 0.080, and stirring is continued, the rotation speed is 600-800 rpm. /min, the set temperature is 52 °C.
- the venting valve is opened to make the pressure in the polymerization tank equal to the atmosphere, and then discharged.
- the emulsion of the present embodiment has good film adhesion; the preparation process has moderate polymerization pressure, good emulsion stability, wide emulsion particle size range, and a small amount of residual monomers in the emulsion, and the desulfurization time is short.
- the preparation method is as follows:
- the bottom material is prepared into the polymerization kettle according to the formula ratio. After sealing, vacuuming and filling with nitrogen three times, vacuuming again to ensure the pressure is between -0.09 and 0.080, and stirring is continued, the rotation speed is 600-800 rpm. /min, set the temperature to 50 °C.
- the venting valve is opened to make the pressure in the polymerization tank equal to the atmosphere, and then discharged.
- the emulsion of the present embodiment has good film-forming barrier property; the preparation process has moderate polymerization pressure, good emulsion stability, moderate emulsion particle size range, less residual monomer, and moderate de-leaning time.
- the preparation method is as follows:
- the bottom material is prepared into the polymerization kettle according to the formula ratio. After sealing, vacuuming and filling with nitrogen three times, vacuuming again to ensure the pressure is between -0.09 and 0.080, and stirring is continued, the rotation speed is 600-800 rpm. /min, set the temperature to 48 °C.
- the venting valve is opened to make the pressure in the polymerization tank equal to the atmosphere, and then discharged.
- the emulsion of the present embodiment has good UV resistance; the preparation process has moderate polymerization pressure, good emulsion stability, narrow emulsion particle size range, slightly higher residual monomer, and slightly longer de-leaning time.
- Examples 13, 14, and 15 are seed emulsions, which are added to the bottom material for seeding during the emulsion polymerization of the alloy, and the rest have no use value; the difference between the three seed emulsions is that the molecular weight is different, and the specific relationship is: 1 ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3; When polymerizing the alloy emulsion, different seed emulsions can be selected depending on the desired molecular weight.
- the balance is deionized water.
- the preparation process is as follows:
- the material is rinsed with deionized water, dehydrated by a centrifuge, and dried by a dryer to obtain a REPVDC alloy solid resin.
- the REPVDC alloy solid resin of the present embodiment has good barrier property and general strength, and is suitable for injection molding of thin and less stressed packaging containers; the resin obtained by the preparation process has a small molecular weight.
- the balance is deionized water.
- the preparation process is as follows:
- the material is rinsed with deionized water, dehydrated by a centrifuge, and dried by a dryer to obtain a REPVDC alloy solid resin.
- the REPVDC alloy solid resin of the present embodiment has good barrier property and good strength, and is suitable for injection molding thick and strong packaging containers; the resin obtained by the preparation process has a medium molecular weight.
- the balance is deionized water.
- the preparation process is as follows:
- the material is rinsed with deionized water, dehydrated by a centrifuge, and dried by a dryer to obtain a REPVDC alloy solid resin.
- the REPVDC alloy solid resin of the present embodiment has good toughness and is suitable for blown film; the resin obtained by the preparation process has a large molecular weight.
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种稀土/金属化合物功能单体及其制备方法和应用,原料组成包括母液、有机单体、助剂和去离子水。本发明的功能单体与高分子聚合物单体共聚,可以改变现有部分高分子材料侧链扭曲的结晶结构,变为有序排列的侧链结晶结构,从而大幅度地提高原高分子材料的强度、韧性和阻隔性,新材料在原来的基础上力学性能提高0.3-3倍、热稳定性能提高20-60%、并被赋予了记忆性;制备工艺简单,成本低,具有良好的应用前景。
Description
本发明属于功能单体领域,特别涉及一种稀土/金属化合物功能单体及其制备方法和应用。
聚偏二氯乙烯(简称PVDC)高分子材料作为一种综合阻隔性能好的包装材料,安全无毒,在食品包装领域有着广泛的应用。但是目前PVDC作为包装材料往往就是热稳定性比较差,热分解温度在100-120℃,在受热或常温放置时间较长时,就会产生双键共轭,逸出氯化氢,使分子间产生空洞,阻隔性失效,导致食品中还需加入防腐剂等添加剂增加保存时间,往往对人体会有一定的危害。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种稀土/金属化合物功能单体及其制备方法和应用,该功能单体与高分子聚合物单体共聚,可以改变现有部分高分子材料侧链扭曲的结晶结构,变为有序排列的侧链结晶结构,从而大幅度地提高原高分子材料的强度、韧性和阻隔性,新材料在原来的基础上力学性能提高0.3-3倍、热稳定性能提高20-60%、并被赋予了记忆性。
本发明提供了一种稀土/金属化合物功能单体,原料组成包括母液、有机脂、助剂和去离子水;其中,母液包括稀土化合物或金属化合物、有机酸、有机胺和去离子水。
进一步的,所述稀土化合物或金属化合物为稀土或金属的氧化物、氢氧化物或碳酸盐中的一种或几种。其中,氧化物优选低价氧化物。
进一步的,所述稀土为镧、铈、銪、铽或钕元素;所述金属为锌、钙、镁、锰、铜、镍、铝、铌、钼、钌、钨、铼或鉿元素。
进一步的,所述有机酸为柠檬酸、顺丁烯二酸、乙二胺四乙酸、丁二酸、己二酸中的一种或几种。
进一步的,所述有机胺为二乙胺、乙二胺、烯丙基胺、二亚乙基三胺中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述母液按质量百分比,包括:稀土化合物或金属化合物6-9%、有机酸15%-25%、有机胺10-20%,余量为去离子水。
进一步的,所述有机脂为丙烯酸酯或环氧酯。
进一步的,所述丙烯酸酯为丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸异辛酯、顺丁烯二酸丁二酯中的一种或几种;所述环氧酯为环氧脂肪酸甲酯、环氧丙烯酸酯中的一种或两种。
进一步的,所述助剂包括催化剂和阻聚剂,催化剂和阻聚剂的质量比为1:2-5。
进一步的,所述催化剂为对甲基苯磺酸;所述阻聚剂为对苯二酚、甲基氢醌THQ、对羟基苯甲醚HQMME、对甲氧基苯酚MEHQ中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述原料组成按质量百分比,包括母液18-28%、有机脂48-58%、助剂0.1~2%,余量为去离子水。
本发明又提供了一种稀土/金属化合物功能单体的制备方法,包括:
(1)将去离子水加热至50~60℃并保温,然后加入有机酸,待溶解后再加入稀土化合物或金属化合物,保温2~4小时后加入有机胺,同时加热至70~80℃并保温,降温过滤得到母液;
(2)先将去离子水、母液和催化剂混合,抽真空,随后升温至95-125℃保温,得到混合溶液;再将阻聚剂和有机脂混合加入到混合溶液中,保温2~4小时后降温出料,静置分离,得到稀土/金属化合物功能单体。
本发明又提供了一种稀土/金属化合物功能单体的应用,所述功能单体与高分子聚合物单体聚合得到合金材料。如ABS、PE、PP、PA、聚亚胺、环氧等高分子材料与金属/稀土的合金材料。所述合金材料按乳液法、悬浮法聚合工艺,可以得到固含量为50-60%的乳液合金材料、100%的固体合金材料。
所述合金固体材料应用于保鲜膜、食品软包装、发酵液体食品包装瓶、医药瓶或化妆品瓶。
所述合金乳液材料应用于食品包装涂K膜,提高K膜的阻隔性、耐黄变性、热封强度、耐油性、耐水性。
所述合金材料应用于钢结构重防腐水洗涂料,能将VOC的含量控制在30克/升以下,有利于环境保护。
所述合金材料应用于特种、智能化涂料,例如有效防止海生物的附着及隐身功能。
优选的,所述高分子聚合物单体为偏二氯乙烯。
本发明还提供了一种共聚REPVDC合金乳液,按质量百分比,包括以下组分:
进一步的,所述混合单体乳化剂的组成包括乳化剂、润湿剂、保护胶和去离子水。
优选的,混合单体乳化剂按质量百分比(均以合金乳液总量为基准),包括:
进一步的,所述底料的组成包括种子乳液、乳化剂、润湿剂、保护胶、pH值调节剂和去离子水。
优选的,底料按质量百分比(均以合金乳液总量为基准),包括:
优选的,所述乳化剂为非离子型脂肪酸聚氧化乙烯醚。
优选的,所述润湿剂为含氟阴离子表面活性剂或含硅阴离子表面活性剂。
优选的,所述保护胶为磷酸酯阴离子表面活性剂或磺酸盐阴离子表面活性剂。
优选的,所述pH值调节剂为碳酸氢铵、冰乙酸、磷酸氢二铵、磷酸二氢钾中的一种 或几种。
所述种子乳液按质量百分比,包括以下组分:
优选的,所述引发剂包括引发剂A和引发剂B;其中,引发剂A包括氧化剂和去离子水;引发剂B包括还原剂和去离子水。
优选的,所述氧化剂为双氧水、过硫酸铵、过硫酸钾中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述还原剂为雕白粉、亚硫酸氢钠、亚磷酸氢钠中的一种或几种。
进一步的,所述稳定剂的添加量为乳液总质量的4-6‰。
所述稳定剂按质量百分比(均以合金乳液总量为基准),包括:
抗氧剂 0.1-0.5‰;
防老剂 0.3-0.6‰;
偏二氯乙烯 4-5‰。
优选的,所述抗氧剂为BHT、1010、TPP中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述防老剂为UV-531、UV-9、UV-P、防老剂H、防老剂MB中的一种或几种。
本发明还提供了一种共聚REPVDC合金乳液的制备方法,包括:
(1)将单体按比例混合,于17±2.5℃加入混合单体乳化剂保温30min-60min,得到预乳化 的混合单体;
(2)将底料加入到聚合釜中,抽真空搅拌,设定温度为50-55℃,当温度升到34-42℃时,开始滴加入乳化混合单体和引发剂,计算单体滴加量/5分钟,13-14小时滴完,当单体滴完后,保温1小时,开始滴加调节剂,计算调节剂滴加量/5分钟,20-30分钟滴完;计算引发剂的滴加量/5分钟,17-18小时滴完,引发剂滴完后,保温1-2h后,通氮气脱稀2-3小时后,降温到≤35℃时,出料过滤得到共聚REPVDC合金乳液。
本发明还提供了一种共聚REPVDC合金乳液的应用,所述合金乳液应用于钢结构水性重防腐、食品包装或者禽蛋、果蔬保鲜。
本发明还提供了一种共聚REPVDC合金固体树脂,按质量百分比,包括以下组分:
余量为混合单体分散剂,总质量百分比之和为100%。
所述混合单体分散剂按质量百分比,包括以下组分:
进一步的,所述分散剂为聚乙烯醇。
进一步的,所述pH值调节剂为碳酸氢铵或氨水。
进一步的,所述分子量调节剂为β-巯基乙醇。
所述混合单体引发剂按质量百分比,包括以下组分:
乳化剂 0.1-0.3%;
润湿剂 0.1-0.3%;
引发剂 15-20%;
余量为去离子水,总质量百分比之和为100%。。
进一步的,所述引发剂为过氧化二碳酸二乙基己酯EHP或过氧化二碳酸二异丙酯IPP。
进一步的,所述乳化剂为非离子型脂肪酸聚氧化乙烯醚。
进一步的,所述润湿剂为含氟阴离子表面活性剂或含硅阴离子表面活性剂。
进一步的,所述终止剂为二乙基羟胺DEHA。
进一步的,所述中和剂为氢氧化钠。
进一步的,所述消泡剂为硅烷系列,优选有机硅消泡剂。
本发明还提供了一种共聚REPVDC合金固体树脂的制备方法,包括:
(1)按配比,先在反应釜中加入偏二氯乙烯,再加入丙烯酸磷酸酯,搅拌后加入稀土/金属化合物功能单体、丙烯酸异辛酯和丙烯腈,最后加入混合单体分散剂搅拌,得到分散单体;
(2)按配比,先将反应釜抽真空、充氮气,随后先加入经加热的去离子水,然后加入分散单体和混合单体引发剂,搅拌反应后加入终止剂终止反应,最后加入中和剂和消泡剂降温出料,即得共聚REPVDC合金固体树脂。
制备方法具体如下:
1.单体预分散工艺:
(1)先将偏二氯乙烯按配方计量倒入单体反应釜中(1号釜),再加入丙烯酸磷酸酯,转速为200-300转/分钟,搅拌20-30分钟后,密封放置12-24小时后,备用。
(2)将1号釜中的单体过滤后,打入单体混合釜(2号釜),再按配方比例将功能单体、丙烯酸异辛酯、丙烯腈打入到2号釜中,转速200-300转/分钟不断搅拌备用。
(3)按配方比例将混合单体分散剂配制到分散釜中(3号釜),转速为400-500转/分钟,不断搅拌,搅拌20-30分钟后,再将2号釜中的混合单体,按平均速率计算,90分钟打完,打入到3号釜中,即得分散单体。
2.引发剂乳化工艺:
按照配方比例,先将水、乳化剂、润湿剂加入到引发剂釜中(4号釜),转速为400-500转/分钟,不断搅拌,再将引发剂滴加到4号釜中,按照平均速率计算,90分钟滴完,即得混合单体引发剂。
3.热去离子水:
将去离子水加入到热水釜中(5号釜),并且不断搅拌,转速为300-400转/分钟,设定聚合参数的标准温度(50-55℃)±0.2℃加热并且保温备用。
4.终止剂:
按50%终止剂和50%去离子水的比例配制反应终止剂釜中(6号釜),并且不断搅拌,转速为300-400转/分钟。
5.中和剂:
按35%中和剂和65%去离子水的比例,将物料配制到中和釜中,并且不断搅拌,转速为300-400转/分钟。
6.聚合釜(7号釜):三层搅拌浆液
(1)用去离子清洗聚合釜。
(2)釜内壁表面干燥后,涂覆防粘连剂;涂一次防粘连剂,可以重复聚合3-5次。
(3)将釜内壁加热到65℃,保温40分钟后,降温备用。
7.物料回收釜(8号釜)
操作工艺:悬浮法间歇式聚合工艺
(1)将7号釜密封后,抽真空、充氮气三遍洗釜,再次抽真空到-0.080—-0.100Mpa。
(2)向7号釜打入热去离子水25-40%(7号釜总容积),设定反应标准温度50-55±0.2℃,开始搅拌,速率为500-800/分钟,保温。
(3)当温度升到一定值时,向7号釜打入乳化单体35-55%(7号釜总容积)
(4)当温度升到一定值时,开始滴加乳化引发剂,滴加量为6-9%(7号釜总容积),按平均滴加速率计算4-6小时滴完。
(5)当压力降低到≤0.050Mpa时,REPVDC树脂的转化率≥85%,加入终止剂1-2%(7号釜总容积),5分钟后打开7号底部与8号釜连接出料阀门,同时8号釜开始抽真空,使物料进入8号釜,物料倒入彻底后,开始不断搅拌,转速为500-800转/分钟;此时关闭7号釜阀门,再重新打入热去离子水和乳化单体,重复上述循环。
(6)将8号釜升温到50-70℃,打开釜底脱稀氮气阀门及釜顶部抽真空阀门,开始脱稀, 将未反应单体通过冷凝器回收储存,下次与新单体按1:10的比例回用。
(7)脱稀1-3小时后,向8号釜滴加中和剂0.1-0.2%,待pH=6-7时停止滴加;再滴加消泡剂0.1-0.2%(物料总质量),搅拌3-5分钟无泡后,降温出料。
(8)将物料通过离心机呈半干状态后,再用去离子水,漂洗物料一道,通过离心机脱水、干燥机干燥,就是REPVDC合金固体树脂。
本发明还提供了一种共聚REPVDC合金固体树脂的应用,所述合金固体树脂应用于医药、化妆品、食品领域的包装瓶、包装盒、包装袋,从而避免防腐剂的使用或者食品、果蔬或禽蛋的保鲜膜,能实现常温条件下的保鲜功能。
所述稀土/金属化合物与偏二氯乙烯的合金共聚物,该合金共聚物性能优于聚偏二氯乙烯PVDC的性能,具体如下:
(1)将PVDC的热稳定系数由100-110℃,提高到大于150℃,大于PVDC的熔点140℃;解决现有纯PVDC树脂不能吹膜、注塑问题。
(2)加入稀土、金属离子后能将PVDC侧链扭曲的结晶结构,改变成有序排列的侧链结晶结构,从而大幅度的提高PVDC的强度、韧性和阻隔性。
(3)实现纯PVDC树脂的保鲜膜、食品软包装、发酵液体食品包装瓶、医药瓶、化妆品瓶等的产业化,减少或杜绝食品防腐剂的使用。
由于稀土元素在英文里的缩写为“RE”,“RE”在英文中又有重溯、再制造的意思,所以为了区别现有PVDC材料的区别,将这种共聚的稀土/金属合金的PVDC,命名为REPVDC。
本发明的功能单体与高分子聚合物单体(例如偏二氯乙烯)共聚,可以改变现有部分高分子材料侧链扭曲的结晶结构,变为有序排列的侧链结晶结构,从而大幅度地提高原高分子材料的强度、韧性和阻隔性,新材料在原来的基础上力学性能提高0.3-3倍、耐温性能提高20-60%、并被赋予了记忆性;制备工艺简单,成本低,具有良好的应用前景。
下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。应理解,这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解,在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后,本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改,这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
实施例1
母液配方如下表:
| 名称 | 去离子水 | 柠檬酸 | 碳酸镧 | 二乙胺 |
| 质量百分比 | 61.20% | 21.70% | 6.30% | 10.80% |
制备方法具体步骤如下:
(1)将去离子水倒入烧瓶中,并且不断搅拌,加热到55度,并且保温55±2℃,同时插入pH值测量仪。
(2)再加入柠檬酸,待柠檬酸彻底溶解后,再慢慢加入碳酸镧。
(3)将温度控制在55±2℃保温2-4小时。
(4)观察液体pH值变化,当pH值稳定在2.8-3.6时,液体粘度增加,液体变微干时,立即加入二乙胺,同时将温度加热到75℃,并且75±2℃保温两小时后,降温过滤,得到母液。
实施例2
母液配方如下表:
| 名称 | 去离子水 | 顺丁烯二酸 | 碳酸铈 | 乙二胺 |
| 质量百分比 | 56.60% | 24.20% | 8.10% | 11.10% |
制备方法具体步骤如下:
(1)将去离子水倒入烧瓶中,并且不断搅拌,加热到55度,并且保温55±2℃,同时插入pH值测量仪。
(2)再加入顺丁烯二酸,待顺丁烯二酸彻底溶解后,再慢慢加入碳酸铈。
(3)将温度控制在55±2℃保温2-4小时。
(4)观察液体pH值变化,当pH值稳定在2.8-3.6时,液体粘度增加,液体变微干时,立即加入乙二胺,同时将温度加热到75℃,并且75±2℃保温两小时后,降温过滤,得到母液。
实施例3
母液配方如下表:
| 名称 | 去离子水 | 乙二胺四乙酸 | 碳酸铈 | 碳酸镧 | 烯丙基胺 |
| 质量百分比 | 57.30% | 18.50% | 2.80% | 5.30% | 16.10% |
制备方法具体步骤如下:
(1)将去离子水倒入烧瓶中,并且不断搅拌,加热到55度,并且保温55±2℃,同时插入pH值测量仪。
(2)再加入乙二胺四乙酸,待乙二胺四乙酸彻底溶解后,再慢慢加入碳酸铈和碳酸镧。
(3)将温度控制在55±2℃保温2-4小时。
(4)观察液体pH值变化,当pH值稳定在2.8-3.6时,液体粘度增加,液体变微干时,立即加入烯丙基胺,同时将温度加热到75℃,并且75±2℃保温两小时后,降温过滤,得到母液。
实施例4
母液配方如下表:
| 名称 | 去离子水 | 丁二酸 | 氧化锌 | 氢氧化铜 | 二亚乙基三胺 |
| 质量百分比 | 57.10% | 21.20% | 4.60% | 4.00% | 13.10% |
制备方法具体步骤如下:
(1)将去离子水倒入烧瓶中,并且不断搅拌,加热到55度,并且保温55±2℃,同时插入pH值测量仪。
(2)再加入丁二酸,待丁二酸彻底溶解后,再慢慢加入氧化锌和氢氧化铜。
(3)将温度控制在55±2℃保温2-4小时。
(4)观察液体pH值变化,当pH值稳定在2.8-3.6时,液体粘度增加,液体变微干时,立即加入二亚乙基三胺,同时将温度加热到75℃,并且75±2℃保温两小时后,降温过滤,得到母液。
实施例5
母液配方如下表:
| 名称 | 去离子水 | 己二酸 | 氧化镁 | 碳酸锰 | 烯丙基胺 |
| 质量百分比 | 54.70% | 22.20% | 5.10% | 2.30% | 15.70% |
制备方法具体步骤如下:
(1)将去离子水倒入烧瓶中,并且不断搅拌,加热到55度,并且保温55±2℃,同时插入pH值测量仪。
(2)再加入己二酸,待己二酸彻底溶解后,再慢慢加入氧化镁和碳酸锰。
(3)将温度控制在55±2℃保温2-4小时。
(4)观察液体pH值变化,当pH值稳定在2.8-3.6时,液体粘度增加,液体变微干时,立即加入烯丙基胺,同时将温度加热到75℃,并且75±2℃保温两小时后,降温过滤,得到母液。
实施例6
母液配方如下表:
| 名称 | 去离子水 | 柠檬酸 | 氢氧化钙 | 碳酸锰 | 二乙胺 |
| 质量百分比 | 49.70% | 24.20% | 3.10% | 4.30% | 18.70% |
制备方法具体步骤如下:
(1)将去离子水倒入烧瓶中,并且不断搅拌,加热到55度,并且保温55±2℃,同时插入pH值测量仪。
(2)再加入柠檬酸,待柠檬酸彻底溶解后,再慢慢加入氢氧化钙和碳酸锰。
(3)将温度控制在55±2℃保温2-4小时。
(4)观察液体pH值变化,当pH值稳定在2.8-3.6时,液体粘度增加,液体变微干时,立即加入二乙胺,同时将温度加热到75℃,并且75±2℃保温两小时后,降温过滤,得到母液。
实施例7
功能单体配方如下表:
| 名称 | 去离子水 | 实施例1母液 | 对甲基苯磺酸 | 对苯二酚 | 丙烯酸乙酯 |
| 质量百分比 | 25.20% | 24.60% | 0.20% | 0.68% | 49.32% |
制备方法具体步骤如下:
(1)先将去离子水、母液、对甲基苯磺酸混合加入到压力釜中,抽真空,氮气置换三遍,再次抽真空。开始搅拌、升温,温度升高到110℃时,开始保温。
(2)将对苯二酚、丙烯酸乙酯混合搅拌至彻底溶解,在压力釜保温为110℃时,开始滴加该溶液,每5分钟滴加量=0.6-0.9%(对苯二酚、丙烯酸乙酯总量),10-15小时滴完,保温三小时。
(3)开始降温,待温度降低到小于50℃时,出料。
(4)将反应好的物料,倒入油水分离器中,静放4小时左右,分离;上层部分就是功能单体。
(5)将功能单体量的1-3%干燥剂加入功能单体中,放置24小时后,过滤后,并且装入避光的容器中,室温保存,有效期12个月。
实施例8
功能单体配方如下表:
| 名称 | 去离子水 | 实施例2母液 | 对甲基苯磺酸 | THQ | 丙烯酸丁酯 |
| 质量百分比 | 28.30% | 19.50% | 0.22% | 0.71% | 51.27% |
制备方法具体步骤如下:
(1)先将去离子水、母液、对甲基苯磺酸混合加入到压力釜中,抽真空,氮气置换三遍, 再次抽真空。开始搅拌、升温,温度升高到120℃时,开始保温。
(2)将甲基氢醌THQ、丙烯酸丁酯混合搅拌至彻底溶解,在压力釜保温为120℃时,开始滴加该溶液,每5分钟滴加量=0.6-0.9%(甲基氢醌THQ、丙烯酸丁酯总量),10-15小时滴完,保温三小时。
(3)开始降温,待温度降低到小于50℃时,出料。
(4)将反应好的物料,倒入油水分离器中,静放4小时左右,分离;上层部分就是功能单体。
(5)将功能单体量的1-3%干燥剂加入功能单体中,放置24小时后,过滤后,并且装入避光的容器中,室温保存,有效期12个月。
实施例9
功能单体配方如下表:
| 名称 | 去离子水 | 实施例3母液 | 对甲基苯磺酸 | HQMME | 丙烯酸异辛酯 |
| 质量百分比 | 22.60% | 27.20% | 0.25% | 0.75% | 49.20% |
制备方法具体步骤如下:
(1)先将去离子水、母液、对甲基苯磺酸混合加入到压力釜中,抽真空,氮气置换三遍,再次抽真空。开始搅拌、升温,温度升高到105℃时,开始保温。
(2)将对羟基苯甲醚HQMME、丙烯酸异辛酯混合搅拌至彻底溶解,在压力釜保温为105℃时,开始滴加该溶液,每5分钟滴加量=0.6-0.9%(对羟基苯甲醚HQMME、丙烯酸异辛酯总量),10-15小时滴完,保温三小时。
(3)开始降温,待温度降低到小于50℃时,出料。
(4)将反应好的物料,倒入油水分离器中,静放4小时左右,分离;上层部分就是功能单体。
(5)将功能单体量的1-3%干燥剂加入功能单体中,放置24小时后,过滤后,并且装入避光的容器中,室温保存,有效期12个月。
实施例10
功能单体配方如下表:
| 名称 | 去离子水 | 实施例4母液 | 对甲基苯磺酸 | MEHQ | 环氧脂肪酸甲酯 |
| 质量百分比 | 31.60% | 18.20% | 0.19% | 0.70% | 49.31% |
制备方法具体步骤如下:
(1)先将去离子水、母液、对甲基苯磺酸混合加入到压力釜中,抽真空,氮气置换三遍,再次抽真空。开始搅拌、升温,温度升高到105℃时,开始保温。
(2)将对甲氧基苯酚MEHQ、环氧脂肪酸甲酯混合搅拌至彻底溶解,在压力釜保温为105℃时,开始滴加该溶液,每5分钟滴加量=0.6-0.9%(对甲氧基苯酚MEHQ、环氧脂肪酸甲酯总量),10-15小时滴完,保温三小时。
(3)开始降温,待温度降低到小于50℃时,出料。
(4)将反应好的物料,倒入油水分离器中,静放4小时左右,分离;上层部分就是功能单体。
(5)将功能单体量的1-3%干燥剂加入功能单体中,放置24小时后,过滤后,并且装入避光的容器中,室温保存,有效期12个月。
实施例11
功能单体配方如下表:
| 名称 | 去离子水 | 实施例5母液 | 对甲基苯磺酸 | MEHQ | 顺丁烯二酸丁二酯 |
| 质量百分比 | 27.40% | 21.60% | 0.27% | 0.75% | 49.98% |
制备方法具体步骤如下:
(1)先将去离子水、母液、对甲基苯磺酸混合加入到压力釜中,抽真空,氮气置换三遍,再次抽真空。开始搅拌、升温,温度升高到95℃时,开始保温。
(2)将对甲氧基苯酚MEHQ、环氧丙烯酸酯混合搅拌至彻底溶解,在压力釜保温为95℃时,开始滴加该溶液,每5分钟滴加量=0.6-0.9%(对甲氧基苯酚MEHQ、环氧丙烯酸酯总量),10-15小时滴完,保温三小时。
(3)开始降温,待温度降低到小于50℃时,出料。
(4)将反应好的物料,倒入油水分离器中,静放4小时左右,分离;上层部分就是功能单体。
(5)将功能单体量的1-3%干燥剂加入功能单体中,放置24小时后,过滤后,并且装入避光的容器中,室温保存,有效期12个月。
实施例12
将实施例7~11得到的功能单体与偏二氯乙烯共聚,得到合金材料的性能测试结果如下:
备注:
1.膜宽度:20mm、厚度:42um
2.由于普通PVDC脆性大、热稳定性差,不能单独吹膜,只能和其它高分子材料(PE\尼龙)复合吹膜,实验阻隔性就要差的多。
3.实施例7、8、9、10、11都是纯REPVDC吹膜,所以阻隔性完全优于普通PVDC。
以下实施例中的功能单体的配方如下:
母液配方如下表:
| 名称 | 去离子水 | 柠檬酸 | 碳酸镧 | 二乙胺 |
| 质量百分比 | 61.20% | 21.70% | 6.30% | 10.80% |
功能单体配方如下表:
| 名称 | 去离子水 | 母液 | 对甲基苯磺酸 | 对苯二酚 | 丙烯酸乙酯 |
| 质量百分比 | 25.20% | 24.60% | 0.20% | 0.68% | 49.32% |
此配方仅为举例,实际操作中可以按照实际需求制备所需要的功能单体。
实施例13
本实施例提供的共聚REPVDC合金乳液的种子乳液的配方如下:
混合单体
混合单体乳化剂
底料
引发剂
制备方法如下:
(1)将混合单体按配方比例,倒入混合单体釜中,并不断搅拌。
(2)按混合单体乳化剂配方比例将其配制到单体乳化釜中,密封后,抽真空、充氮气三遍,再充氮气,使压力表归零,并不断搅拌,温度控制在17±2.5℃。
(3)打开计量泵,将混合单体在90分钟左右滴加到单体乳化釜中,再17±2.5℃保温搅拌30分钟后,得到乳化单体,即可使用。
(4)将底料按配方比例,配制到聚合釜中,密封后,抽真空、充氮气三次,再次抽真空保证压力在-0.09--0.080之间,并且不断搅拌,转速为600-800转/分钟,设定温度为60℃。
(5)当温度升到48℃时开始滴加引发剂,滴加量为(引发剂总量)4.5-5‰/5分钟,17小时滴完。
(6)当温度升到52℃时开始滴加步骤(3)中的乳化单体,滴加量为(乳化单体总量)5.8-6.2‰/5分钟,14小时滴完。
(7)60℃保温3小时后,调整温度设置为55℃,直到单体滴完。
(8)单体滴完后保温1小时,调整温度设置为52℃,直到引发剂滴完。
(9)引发剂滴完后,保温1小时后,开始降温。
(10)当温度<35℃时,同时打开聚合釜底部脱稀(脱稀的含义是去除未反应单体)的氮气阀门和真空泵开关,开始脱稀,2小时后,从取样阀门取样分析残余单体的浓度,直到符合标准为止,再关闭脱稀阀门和真空泵。
(11)打开通气阀门,使聚合釜内压力与大气相等后,出料。
本实施例的种子乳液成膜透明度高、乳液过滤残渣多、存储稳定性好;制备工艺聚合压力高、易破乳。
实施例14
本实施例提供的共聚REPVDC合金乳液的种子乳液的配方如下:
混合单体
混合单体乳化剂
底料
引发剂
| 名称 | A剂 | B剂 |
| 过硫酸铵 | 去离子水 | 亚硫酸氢钠 | 去离子水 | |
| 百分比(%) | 0.07 | 5.00 | 0.05 | 5.00 |
制备方法如下:
(1)将混合单体按配方比例,倒入混合单体釜中,并不断搅拌。
(2)按混合单体乳化剂配方比例将其配制到单体乳化釜中,密封后,抽真空、充氮气三遍,再充氮气,使压力表归零,并不断搅拌,温度控制在17±2.5℃。
(3)打开计量泵,将混合单体在90分钟左右滴加到单体乳化釜中,再17±2.5℃保温搅拌30分钟后,得到乳化单体,即可使用。
(4)将底料按配方比例,配制到聚合釜中,密封后,抽真空、充氮气三次,再次抽真空保证压力在-0.09--0.080之间,并且不断搅拌,转速为600-800转/分钟,设定温度为55℃。
(5)当温度升到43℃时开始滴加引发剂,滴加量为(引发剂总量)4.5-5‰/5分钟,17小时滴完。
(6)当温度升到48℃时开始滴加步骤(3)中的乳化单体,滴加量为(乳化单体总量)5.8-6.2‰/5分钟,14小时滴完。
(7)55℃保温3小时后,调整温度设置为52℃,直到单体滴完。
(8)单体滴完后保温1小时,调整温度设置为50℃,直到引发剂滴完。
(9)引发剂滴完后,保温1小时后,开始降温。
(10)当温度<35℃时,同时打开聚合釜底部脱稀的氮气阀门和真空泵开关,开始脱稀,2小时后,从取样阀门取样分析残余单体的浓度,直到符合标准为止,再关闭脱稀阀门和真空泵。
(11)打开通气阀门,使聚合釜内压力与大气相等后,出料。
本实施例的种子乳液成膜阻隔性好(盐雾试验时间长)、过滤残渣少、存储稳定一般;制备工艺聚合压力适中、乳液回收率高达99.3%、残余单体少。
实施例15
本实施例提供的共聚REPVDC合金乳液的种子乳液的配方如下:
混合单体
混合单体乳化剂
底料
引发剂
制备方法如下:
(1)将混合单体按配方比例,倒入混合单体釜中,并不断搅拌。
(2)按混合单体乳化剂配方比例将其配制到单体乳化釜中,密封后,抽真空、充氮气三遍,再充氮气,使压力表归零,并不断搅拌,温度控制在17±2.5℃。
(3)打开计量泵,将混合单体在90分钟左右滴加到单体乳化釜中,再17±2.5℃保温搅拌30分钟后,得到乳化单体,即可使用。
(4)将底料按配方比例,配制到聚合釜中,密封后,抽真空、充氮气三次,再次抽真空保证压力在-0.09--0.080之间,并且不断搅拌,转速为600-800转/分钟,设定温度为55℃。
(5)当温度升到48℃时开始滴加引发剂,滴加量为(引发剂总量)4.5-5‰/5分钟,17小时滴完。
(6)当温度升到52℃时开始滴加步骤(3)中的乳化单体,滴加量为(乳化单体总量)5.8-6.2‰/5分钟,14小时滴完。
(7)55℃保温3小时后,调整温度设置为50℃,直到单体滴完。
(8)单体滴完后保温1小时,调整温度设置为48℃,直到引发剂滴完。
(9)引发剂滴完后,保温1小时后,开始降温。
(10)当温度<35℃时,同时打开聚合釜底部脱稀的氮气阀门和真空泵开关,开始脱稀,2小时后,从取样阀门取样分析残余单体的浓度,直到符合标准为止,再关闭脱稀阀门和真空泵。
(11)打开通气阀门,使聚合釜内压力与大气相等后,出料。
本实施例的种子乳液成膜附着力好、阻隔性比实施例2稍低、乳液过滤无渣、存储稳定性一般;制备工艺聚合压力适中、乳液回收率高、残余单体比实施例2稍高。
实施例16
本实施例提供的共聚REPVDC合金乳液的配方如下:
混合单体
混合单体乳化剂
底料
引发剂
稳定剂:
制备方法如下:
(1)将混合单体按配方比例,倒入混合单体釜中,并不断搅拌。
(2)按混合单体乳化剂配方比例将其配制到单体乳化釜中,密封后,抽真空、充氮气三遍,再充氮气,使压力表归零,并不断搅拌,温度控制在17±2.5℃。
(3)打开计量泵,将混合单体在90分钟左右滴加到单体乳化釜中,再17±2.5℃保温搅拌30分钟后,得到乳化单体,即可使用。
(4)将底料按配方比例,配制到聚合釜中,密封后,抽真空、充氮气三次,再次抽真空保证压力在-0.09--0.080之间,并且不断搅拌,转速为600-800转/分钟,设定温度为52℃。
(5)当温度升到38℃时开始滴加引发剂,滴加量为(引发剂总量)4.5-5‰/5分钟,17小时滴完。
(6)当温度升到42℃时开始滴加步骤(3)中的乳化单体,滴加量为(乳化单体总量)5.8-6.2‰/5分钟,14小时滴完。
(7)保持52℃,直到单体滴完。
(8)单体滴完后保温1小时,调整温度设置为50℃。
(9)当温度等于50℃时,开始滴加调节剂,滴加量为(调节剂总量)15-17%/5分钟,25-35分钟滴完。
(10)引发剂滴完后,保温1小时后,开始降温。
(11)当温度<35℃时,同时打开聚合釜底部脱稀的氮气阀门和真空泵开关,开始脱稀,2小时后,从取样阀门取样分析残余单体的浓度,直到符合标准为止,再关闭脱稀阀门和真空泵。
(12)打开通气阀门,使聚合釜内压力与大气相等后,出料。
本实施例的乳液成膜附着力好;制备工艺聚合压力适中、乳液稳定性好、乳液粒径范围宽、乳液有微量的残余单体,脱稀时间短。
实施例17
本实施例提供的共聚REPVDC合金乳液的配方如下:
混合单体
混合单体乳化剂
底料
引发剂
稳定剂:
制备方法如下:
(1)将混合单体按配方比例,倒入混合单体釜中,并不断搅拌。
(2)按混合单体乳化剂配方比例将其配制到单体乳化釜中,密封后,抽真空、充氮气三遍,再充氮气,使压力表归零,并不断搅拌,温度控制在17±2.5℃。
(3)打开计量泵,将混合单体在90分钟左右滴加到单体乳化釜中,再17±2.5℃保温搅拌30分钟后,得到乳化单体,即可使用。
(4)将底料按配方比例,配制到聚合釜中,密封后,抽真空、充氮气三次,再次抽真空保证压力在-0.09--0.080之间,并且不断搅拌,转速为600-800转/分钟,设定温度为50℃。
(5)当温度升到36℃时开始滴加引发剂,滴加量为(引发剂总量)4.5-5‰/5分钟,17小时滴完。
(6)当温度升到44℃时开始滴加步骤(3)中的乳化单体,滴加量为(乳化单体总量)5.8-6.2‰/5分钟,14小时滴完。
(7)保持50℃,直到单体滴完。
(8)单体滴完后保温1小时,调整温度设置为48℃。
(9)当温度等于48℃时,开始滴加调节剂,滴加量为(调节剂总量)15-17%/5分钟,25-35分钟滴完。
(10)引发剂滴完后,保温1小时后,开始降温。
(11)当温度<35℃时,同时打开聚合釜底部脱稀的氮气阀门和真空泵开关,开始脱稀,2小时后,从取样阀门取样分析残余单体的浓度,直到符合标准为止,再关闭脱稀阀门和真空泵。
(12)打开通气阀门,使聚合釜内压力与大气相等后,出料。
本实施例的乳液成膜阻隔性好;制备工艺聚合压力适中、乳液稳定性好、乳液粒径范围适中,残余单体少,脱稀时间适中。
实施例18
本实施例提供的共聚REPVDC合金乳液的配方如下:
混合单体
混合单体乳化剂
底料
引发剂
稳定剂:
制备方法如下:
(1)将混合单体按配方比例,倒入混合单体釜中,并不断搅拌。
(2)按混合单体乳化剂配方比例将其配制到单体乳化釜中,密封后,抽真空、充氮气三遍,再充氮气,使压力表归零,并不断搅拌,温度控制在17±2.5℃。
(3)打开计量泵,将混合单体在90分钟左右滴加到单体乳化釜中,再17±2.5℃保温搅拌30分钟后,得到乳化单体,即可使用。
(4)将底料按配方比例,配制到聚合釜中,密封后,抽真空、充氮气三次,再次抽真空保证压力在-0.09--0.080之间,并且不断搅拌,转速为600-800转/分钟,设定温度为48℃。
(5)当温度升到34℃时开始滴加引发剂,滴加量为(引发剂总量)4.5-5‰/5分钟,17小时滴完。
(6)当温度升到34℃时开始滴加步骤(3)中的乳化单体,滴加量为(乳化单体总量)5.8-6.2‰/5分钟,14小时滴完。
(7)保持48℃,直到单体滴完。
(8)单体滴完后保温1小时,调整温度设置为45℃。
(9)当温度等于45℃时,开始滴加调节剂,滴加量为(调节剂总量)15-17%/5分钟,25-35分钟滴完。
(10)引发剂滴完后,保温1小时后,开始降温。
(11)当温度<35℃时,同时打开聚合釜底部脱稀的氮气阀门和真空泵开关,开始脱稀,2小时后,从取样阀门取样分析残余单体的浓度,直到符合标准为止,再关闭脱稀阀门和真空泵。
(12)打开通气阀门,使聚合釜内压力与大气相等后,出料。
本实施例的乳液成膜耐紫外线好;制备工艺聚合压力适中、乳液稳定性好,乳液粒径范围窄,残余单体稍高一点,脱稀时间稍长。
实施例16~18的乳液性能测试结果如下:
实施例13、14、15为种子乳液,只是在合金乳液聚合时,加在底料中做种子用,其余没有利用价值;三种种子乳液的区别在于分子量大小不一样,具体关系为:1<2<3;在聚合合金乳液时,可以根据所要求的分子量的不同,选择不同的种子乳液。
实施例19
本实施例提供了一种REPVDC合金固体树脂的配方如下:
混合单体:
| 名称 | 功能单体 | 丙烯酸异辛酯 | 丙烯腈 | 偏二氯乙烯 | 丙烯酸磷酸酯 |
| 百分比(%) | 6.60 | 4.20 | 1.40 | 73.23 | 1.80 |
混合单体分散剂:
混合单体引发剂:
终止剂:
| 名称 | 去离子水 | 二乙基羟胺DEHA |
| 百分比(%) | 50 | 50 |
中和剂:
| 名称 | 去离子水 | 氢氧化钠 |
| 百分比(%) | 65 | 35 |
消泡剂:
| 名称 | 去离子水 | 硅烷 |
| 百分比(%) | 65 | 35 |
余量为去离子水。
制备工艺如下:
(1)将7号釜密封后,抽真空、充氮气三遍洗釜,再次抽真空到-0.080—-0.100Mpa。
(2)向7号釜打入热去离子水30%(7号釜总容积),设定反应标准温度60±0.2℃,开始 搅拌,速率为500-800/分钟,保温。
(3)当温度升到50℃时,向7号釜打入乳化单体50%(7号釜总容积)
(4)当温度升到55℃时,开始滴加乳化引发剂,滴加量为7%(7号釜总容积),按平均滴加速率计算4-6小时滴完。
(5)当压力降低到≤0.050Mpa时,REPVDC树脂的转化率≥85%,加入终止剂2%(7号釜总容积),5分钟后打开7号底部与8号釜连接出料阀门,同时8号釜开始抽真空,使物料进入8号釜,物料倒入彻底后,开始不断搅拌,转速为500-800转/分钟;此时关闭7号釜阀门,再重新打入热去离子水30%、乳化单体50%。重复上述循环。
(6)将8号釜升温到60℃,打开釜底脱稀氮气阀门及釜顶部抽真空阀门,开始脱稀,将未反应单体通过冷凝器回收储存,下次与新单体按1:10的比例回用。
(7)脱稀1-3小时后,向8号釜滴加0.13%中和剂,待pH=6-7时停止滴加;再滴加消泡剂0.1%(物料总质量),搅拌3-5分钟无泡后,降温出料。
(8)将物料通过离心机呈半干状态后,再用去离子水,漂洗物料一道,通过离心机脱水、干燥机干燥,即得REPVDC合金固体树脂。
本实施例REPVDC合金固体树脂的阻隔性好,强度一般,适合注塑薄型、受力较小的包装容器;此制备工艺得到的树脂分子量小。
实施例20
本实施例提供了一种REPVDC合金固体树脂的配方如下:
混合单体:
| 名称 | 功能单体 | 丙烯酸异辛酯 | 丙烯腈 | 偏二氯乙烯 | 丙烯酸磷酸酯 |
| 百分比(%) | 8.20 | 4.80 | 2.0 | 65.74 | 1.80 |
混合单体分散剂:
混合单体引发剂:
| 名称 | 去离子 | 非离子型脂肪酸聚氧 | 含硅阴离子表面 | 过氧化二碳酸二异丙 |
| 水 | 化乙烯醚 | 活性剂 | 酯IPP | |
| 百分比(%) | 82.06 | 0.24 | 0.20 | 17.5 |
终止剂:
| 名称 | 去离子水 | 二乙基羟胺DEHA |
| 百分比(%) | 50 | 50 |
中和剂:
| 名称 | 去离子水 | 氢氧化钠 |
| 百分比(%) | 65 | 35 |
消泡剂:
| 名称 | 去离子水 | 硅烷 |
| 百分比(%) | 65 | 35 |
余量为去离子水。
制备工艺如下:
(1)将7号釜密封后,抽真空、充氮气三遍洗釜,再次抽真空到-0.080--0.100Mpa。
(2)向7号釜打入热去离子水30%(7号釜总容积),设定反应标准温度55±0.2℃,开始搅拌,速率为500-800/分钟,保温。
(3)当温度升到45℃时,向7号釜打入乳化单体50%(7号釜总容积)
(4)当温度升到50℃时,开始滴加乳化引发剂,滴加量为7%(7号釜总容积),按平均滴加速率计算4-6小时滴完。
(5)当压力降低到≤0.050Mpa时,REPVDC树脂的转化率≥85%,加入终止剂2%(7号釜总容积),5分钟后打开7号底部与8号釜连接出料阀门,同时8号釜开始抽真空,使物料进入8号釜,物料倒入彻底后,开始不断搅拌,转速为500-800转/分钟;此时关闭7号釜阀门,再重新打入热去离子水30%、乳化单体50%。重复上述循环。
(6)将8号釜升温到60℃,打开釜底脱稀氮气阀门及釜顶部抽真空阀门,开始脱稀,将未反应单体通过冷凝器回收储存,下次与新单体按1∶10的比例回用。
(7)脱稀1-3小时后,向8号釜滴加0.13%中和剂,待pH=6-7时停止滴加;再滴加消泡剂0.1%(物料总质量),搅拌3-5分钟无泡后,降温出料。
(8)将物料通过离心机呈半干状态后,再用去离子水,漂洗物料一道,通过离心机脱水、干燥机干燥,即得REPVDC合金固体树脂。
本实施例REPVDC合金固体树脂的阻隔性较好,强度好,适合注塑厚型、受力较大的包装容器;此制备工艺得到的树脂分子量中等。
实施例21
本实施例提供了一种REPVDC合金固体树脂的配方如下:
混合单体:
| 名称 | 功能单体 | 丙烯酸异辛酯 | 丙烯腈 | 偏二氯乙烯 | 丙烯酸磷酸酯 |
| 百分比(%) | 10.00 | 5.00 | 2.00 | 63.51 | 1.41 |
混合单体分散剂:
混合单体引发剂:
终止剂:
| 名称 | 去离子水 | 二乙基羟胺DEHA |
| 百分比(%) | 50 | 50 |
中和剂:
| 名称 | 去离子水 | 氢氧化钠 |
| 百分比(%) | 65 | 35 |
消泡剂:
| 名称 | 去离子水 | 硅烷 |
| 百分比(%) | 65 | 35 |
余量为去离子水。
制备工艺如下:
(1)将7号釜密封后,抽真空、充氮气三遍洗釜,再次抽真空到-0.080—-0.100Mpa。
(2)向7号釜打入热去离子水30%(7号釜总容积),设定反应标准温度50±0.2℃,开始搅拌,速率为500-800/分钟,保温。
(3)当温度升到40℃时,向7号釜打入乳化单体50%(7号釜总容积)
(4)当温度升到45℃时,开始滴加乳化引发剂,滴加量为7%(7号釜总容积),按平均滴加速率计算4-6小时滴完。
(5)当压力降低到≤0.050Mpa时,REPVDC树脂的转化率≥85%,加入终止剂2%(7号釜总容积),5分钟后打开7号底部与8号釜连接出料阀门,同时8号釜开始抽真空,使物料进入8号釜,物料倒入彻底后,开始不断搅拌,转速为500-800转/分钟;此时关闭7号釜阀门,再重新打入热去离子水30%、乳化单体50%。重复上述循环。
(6)将8号釜升温到60℃,打开釜底脱稀氮气阀门及釜顶部抽真空阀门,开始脱稀,将未反应单体通过冷凝器回收储存,下次与新单体按1:10的比例回用。
(7)脱稀1-3小时后,向8号釜滴加1.5%中和剂,待pH=6-7时停止滴加;再滴加消泡剂0.1%(物料总质量),搅拌3-5分钟无泡后,降温出料。
(8)将物料通过离心机呈半干状态后,再用去离子水,漂洗物料一道,通过离心机脱水、干燥机干燥,即得REPVDC合金固体树脂。
本实施例REPVDC合金固体树脂的较好,韧性好,适合吹膜;此制备工艺得到的树脂分子量大。
实施例19~21的合金固体树脂性能测试结果如下:
Claims (37)
- 一种稀土/金属化合物功能单体,其特征在于:原料组成包括母液、有机酯、助剂和去离子水;其中,母液包括稀土化合物或金属化合物、有机酸、有机胺和去离子水。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种稀土/金属化合物功能单体,其特征在于:所述稀土化合物或金属化合物为稀土或金属的氧化物、氢氧化物或碳酸盐中的一种或几种。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种稀土/金属化合物功能单体,其特征在于:所述稀土为镧、铈、銪、铽或钕元素;所述金属为锌、钙、镁、锰、铜、镍、铝、铌、钼、钌、钨、铼或鉿元素。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种稀土/金属化合物功能单体,其特征在于:所述有机酸为柠檬酸、顺丁烯二酸、乙二胺四乙酸、丁二酸、己二酸中的一种或几种。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种稀土/金属化合物功能单体,其特征在于:所述有机胺为二乙胺、乙二胺、烯丙基胺、二亚乙基三胺中的一种或几种。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种稀土/金属化合物功能单体,其特征在于:所述母液按质量百分比,包括:稀土化合物或金属化合物6-9%、有机酸15%-25%、有机胺10-20%,余量为去离子水。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种稀土/金属化合物功能单体,其特征在于:所述有机酯为丙烯酸酯或环氧酯。
- 根据权利要求7所述的一种稀土/金属化合物功能单体,其特征在于:所述丙烯酸酯为丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸异辛酯中的一种或几种;所述环氧酯为环氧脂肪酸甲酯、环氧丙烯酸酯中的一种或两种。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种稀土/金属化合物功能单体,其特征在于:所述助剂包括催化剂和阻聚剂。
- 根据权利要求9所述的一种稀土/金属化合物功能单体,其特征在于:所述催化剂为对甲基苯磺酸;所述阻聚剂为对苯二酚、甲基氢醌THQ、对羟基苯甲醚HQMME、对甲氧基苯酚MEHQ中的一种或几种。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种稀土/金属化合物功能单体,其特征在于:所述原料组成按质量百分比,包括母液18-28%、有机脂48-58%、助剂0.1~2%,余量为去离子水。
- 一种稀土/金属化合物功能单体的制备方法,包括:(1)将去离子水加热至50~60℃并保温,然后加入有机酸,待溶解后再加入稀土化合物或金属化合物,保温2~4小时后加入有机胺,同时加热至70~80℃并保温,降温过滤得到母液;(2)先将去离子水、母液和催化剂混合,抽真空,随后升温至95-125℃保温,得到混合溶液;再将阻聚剂和有机脂混合加入到混合溶液中,保温2~4小时后降温出料,静置分离,得到稀土/金属化合物功能单体。
- 一种如权利要求1所述的稀土/金属化合物功能单体的应用,其特征在于:所述功能单体与高分子聚合物单体聚合得到合金材料。
- 根据权利要求13所述的一种稀土/金属化合物功能单体的应用,其特征在于:合金固体材料应用于保鲜膜、食品软包装、发酵液体食品包装瓶、医药瓶或化妆品瓶;工程类合金固体材料应用于结构件、汽车零部件或航空零部件。
- 根据权利要求13所述的一种稀土/金属化合物功能单体的应用,其特征在于:合金水性乳液材料应用于食品包装、钢结构重防腐或特种、智能化涂料。
- 根据权利要求16所述的一种共聚REPVDC合金乳液,其特征在于:所述混合单体乳化剂的组成包括乳化剂、润湿剂、保护胶和去离子水。
- 根据权利要求16所述的一种共聚REPVDC合金乳液,其特征在于:所述底料的组成包括种子乳液、乳化剂、润湿剂、保护胶、pH值调节剂和去离子水。
- 根据权利要求16-20任一所述的一种共聚REPVDC合金乳液,其特征在于:所述乳化剂为非离子型脂肪酸聚氧化乙烯醚;所述润湿剂为含氟阴离子表面活性剂或含硅阴离子表面活性剂;所述保护胶为磷酸酯阴离子表面活性剂或磺酸盐阴离子表面活性剂。
- 根据权利要求22所述的一种共聚REPVDC合金乳液,其特征在于:所述引发剂包括引发剂A和引发剂B;其中,引发剂A包括氧化剂和去离子水;引发剂B包括还原剂和去离子水。
- 根据权利要求23所述的一种共聚REPVDC合金乳液,其特征在于:所述氧化剂为双氧水、过硫酸铵、过硫酸钾中的一种或几种;所述还原剂为雕白粉、亚硫酸氢钠、亚磷酸氢钠中的一种或几种。
- 根据权利要求16所述的一种共聚REPVDC合金乳液,其特征在于:所述稳定剂按质量百分比,包括:抗氧剂 0.1-0.5‰;防老剂 0.3-0.6‰;偏二氯乙烯 4-5‰。
- 根据权利要求25所述的一种共聚REPVDC合金乳液,其特征在于:所述抗氧剂为BHT、1010、TPP中的一种或几种;所述防老剂为UV-531、UV-9、UV-P、防老剂H、防老剂MB中的一种或几种。
- 一种如权利要求16所述的共聚REPVDC合金乳液的制备方法,包括:(1)将单体按比例混合,于17±2.5℃加入混合单体乳化剂保温30min-60min,得到预乳化的混合单体;(2)将底料加入到聚合釜中,抽真空搅拌,设定温度为50-55℃,当温度升到34-42℃时,开始滴加入乳化混合单体和引发剂,计算单体滴加量/5分钟,13-14小时滴完,当单体滴完后,保温1小时,开始滴加调节剂,计算调节剂滴加量/5分钟,20-30分钟滴完;计算引发剂的滴加量/5分钟,17-18小时滴完,引发剂滴完后,保温1-2h后,通氮气脱稀2-3小时后,降温到≤35℃时,出料过滤得到共聚REPVDC合金乳液。
- 一种如权利要求16所述的共聚REPVDC合金乳液的应用,其特征在于:所述合金乳液应用于钢结构水性重防腐、食品包装或者禽蛋、果蔬保鲜。
- 根据权利要求30所述的一种共聚REPVDC合金固体树脂,其特征在于:所述分散剂为聚乙烯醇;所述pH值调节剂为碳酸氢铵或氨水;所述分子量调节剂为β-巯基乙醇。
- 根据权利要求29所述的一种共聚REPVDC合金固体树脂,其特征在于:所述混合单体引发剂按质量百分比,包括以下组分:乳化剂 0.1-0.3%;润湿剂 0.1-0.3%;引发剂 15-20%;余量为去离子水,总质量百分比之和为100%。
- 根据权利要求32所述的一种共聚REPVDC合金固体树脂,其特征在于:所述引发剂为过氧化二碳酸二乙基己酯EHP或过氧化二碳酸二异丙酯IPP。
- 根据权利要求30或32所述的一种共聚REPVDC合金固体树脂,其特征在于:所述乳化剂为非离子型脂肪酸聚氧化乙烯醚;所述润湿剂为含氟阴离子表面活性剂或含硅阴离子表面活性剂。
- 根据权利要求29所述的一种共聚REPVDC合金固体树脂,其特征在于:所述终止剂为二乙基羟胺DEHA;所述中和剂为氢氧化钠;所述消泡剂为硅烷系列。
- 一种如权利要求29所述的共聚REPVDC合金固体树脂的制备方法,包括:(1)按配比,先在反应釜中加入偏二氯乙烯,再加入丙烯酸磷酸酯,搅拌后加入稀土/金属化合物功能单体、丙烯酸异辛酯和丙烯腈,最后加入混合单体分散剂搅拌,得到分散单体;(2)按配比,先将反应釜抽真空、充氮气,随后先加入经加热的去离子水,然后加入分散单体和混合单体引发剂,搅拌反应后加入终止剂终止反应,最后加入中和剂和消泡剂降温出料,即得共聚REPVDC合金固体树脂。
- 一种如权利要求29所述的共聚REPVDC合金固体树脂的应用,其特征在于:所述合金固体树脂应用于医药、化妆品、食品领域的包装瓶、包装盒、包装袋或者食品、果蔬或禽蛋的保鲜膜。
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| CN201710936349.XA CN107602753B (zh) | 2017-10-10 | 2017-10-10 | 一种稀土/金属化合物功能单体及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN201710936339.6A CN107602752B (zh) | 2017-10-10 | 2017-10-10 | 一种共聚repvdc合金固体树脂及其制备方法和应用 |
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| EP3677601A1 (en) | 2020-07-08 |
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