WO2019057033A1 - Trephine having limiting sleeve - Google Patents

Abstract

A limit sleeve ring saw (100) comprising a motor (200), an inner ring saw and at least one ring saw sleeve (110); the ring saw sleeve (110) is rigidly coupled to the motor housing (208); the inner ring The saw is sleeved in the ring saw sleeve (110) by at least two bearings (108, 112) and driven to rotate by the motor (200); the inner ring saw includes a ring saw bit (102), a connecting rod shaft (104), a coupling The A (106) and the coupling fork pin (107); the ring saw bit (102) is disposed at one end of the connecting rod shaft (104), and the front end of the ring saw bit (102) is provided with a toroidal saw tooth (130), and the trephine sawtooth (130) extending a front end face (126) of the ring saw sleeve at a certain distance, and the other end of the link shaft (104) is coupled to the motor shaft (206) through the coupling A (106) and the coupling fork pin (107); The external ring saw sleeve (110) defines and adjusts the internal ring saw cutting depth (122a) while protecting the high speed rotating ring saw from injury to the surgeon and the surrounding tissue of the surgical site, while using the limit sleeve ring saw (100) Perforation realizes the removal and retraction of the intact bone flap of the drilled bone; realizes the standardization and repeatability of the skull bone defect (502) and the perforation operation, and the operation is simple, easy to implement, safe and reliable, and the section Efficient and trauma.

Description

Limit sleeve saw Technical field

The invention relates to a medical experimental research, and a special drill for implementing a skull bone defect and a skull drilling operation for establishing a limited bone defect model of an experimental animal, a clinical medical craniotomy operation and a skull drilling operation. Surgical instruments for sawing the skull.

Background technique

The skull model of experimental animal skull has extensive application value in the field of bone regeneration and bone biomaterial research. However, the traditional circular saw or conventional grinding bit used in the skull defect model has obvious shortcomings in product structure and operation. Firstly, the high-speed rotating hacksaw is exposed, and there is a safety hazard to the surgeon and the surgical animal during the operation. Secondly, when the drill bit rotates the saw bone, it is easy to slip on the surface of the skull, and it is difficult to hold the drill with a hand and stabilize the work, directly affecting The standard positioning of the bone defect and the standard size of the bone defect; third, there is no reliable way to control the depth of the saw bone in the traditional trepanation. For example, the thickness of the skull of the experimental mouse is only 0.2-0.3 mm, and once the drill bit breaks through the thickness of the skull It directly invades the dura mater and brain tissue, causing the experimental cause of death from craniocerebral trauma.

Due to the above-mentioned inherent shortcomings of the traditional ring saw, the skull bone defect surgery using the traditional ring saw is not only unsafe, low in efficiency, easy to infect, animal wounds are scarce, the operation success rate is extremely low, and the operation is difficult, and the surgical technique is not easy. It is difficult for the average person to master the standardization and repeatability of the skull bone defect surgery of experimental animals, and the laboratory cannot be popularized, which hinders the practical application of the technology in the field.

Similarly, in clinical medical craniotomy and skull drilling, the current skull drilling tools and drill bits are all made of old-fashioned twisted solid drill bits. The drill bit structure is a large-area cutting edge, which requires greater power and pressure when drilling. In the twisting and drilling of the twist drill, the brain has a large vibration, especially the drilled bone tissue is broken into debris and removed, and the intact bone flap can not be retained and moved back. Twist drill's high-power jitter drilling, depth is not easy to control, easy to hurt the brain, slow operation requirements, resulting in high technical requirements for brain drilling, and trauma, time-consuming and expensive.

Due to the lack of current cranial perforating instruments in clinical medicine, it has greatly affected the life-saving treatment of craniocerebral perforating surgery in clinical medicine. For example, the most common skull perforation, through the skull to measure intracranial pressure, is an important measure to reduce the intracranial pressure after head trauma, through the hole through the skull to drain excess fluid, or put the sensor in the skull For pressure monitoring, it can greatly reduce the risk of life caused by intracranial pressure. However, due to the lack of sufficient full-time neurosurgeons to master craniocerebral perforation, only a small percentage of patients underwent intracranial pressure reduction and decompression for craniocerebral surgery.

In response to the above technical problems, improvements are needed.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art, and provides a simple sleeve, convenient and practical, limited sleeve circular saw for skull bone defect and skull drilling operation, which will be a highly difficult full-time neurosurgeon. The cranial drilling technique becomes a routine surgical skill that can be mastered by general laboratory technicians and general clinical surgeons.

For the general laboratory of medical research, because the invention makes the operation method simple, easy to grasp, safe and efficient, and small surgical trauma, the standardization and repeatability of the skull defect of the experimental animal can be achieved, and the animal skull is applied under the routine laboratory conditions. The bone defect model provides a technical guarantee for performing the procedure. The limit sleeve ring saw of the invention can be designed into different specifications, and can be used for medical research, such as skull bone defect model surgery from mouse to large animal, experimental animal skull drilling operation, and non-penetration important bone drilling operation, etc. .

For clinical medicine, due to the safety characteristics of the limit sleeve ring saw of the present invention, a general surgeon can operate the device to achieve non-neurological surgical personnel to safely punch the skull without additional risk of brain damage. Increased brain pressure monitoring and treatment availability for patients with head trauma; in addition, the present invention uses an air core-core saw technology, the ring saw multi-cutting teeth only cut the periphery of the hole, the thickness of the saw blade is 0.3-0.5 mm thick, when the saw bone is drilled The power consumption and the applied pressure are very small. It can be used for craniotomy or porous perforation in clinical cranial neurosurgery, which can create 5 to 10 times more drilling efficiency than traditional twist drills; and the skull of the saw is removed from the intact bone. After the operation, the bone flap can be moved back to the riveting reset, saving more time and money. In addition, although the device is designed for perforating the skull, it can also be used for drilling procedures in other parts, such as vertebrae, pelvis or sternum drilling, to avoid damage to vital organs, nerves or blood vessels through the bone.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a limit sleeve ring saw, wherein the limit sleeve ring saw comprises a motor, an inner ring saw and at least one ring saw sleeve; The saw sleeve (110) is rigidly connected to the motor casing (208); the inner ring saw is sleeved in the ring saw sleeve by at least two bearings and is driven to rotate by a motor; the inner ring saw includes a ring saw bit and a connecting rod The shaft, the coupling A and the coupling fork pin; the ring saw bit is disposed at one end of the connecting rod shaft, the front end of the ring saw bit is provided with a hoisting saw tooth, and the circumsaw tooth can extend a certain distance from the front end surface of the ring saw sleeve, the connecting rod The other end of the shaft is coupled to the motor shaft via a coupling A and a coupling fork pin.

The combination of the outer ring saw sleeve and the inner ring saw ensures the safety protection of the high-speed rotating ring saw drill bit when the motor is driven, the depth of the drill bone, the anti-slip positioning and the complete bone flap removal of the saw bone. The implementation of animal skull bone defect model surgery and clinical medical craniotomy and skull drilling surgery in medical research. The rigid connection may be by thread or snap connection.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the limit sleeve ring saw further includes a fixing seat, and the ring saw sleeve is connected to the fixing seat through the sleeve fixing seat thread and the internal thread of the fixing seat; the fixing seat and the motor housing pass the thread Or a snap connection.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rear end of the ring saw bit is provided with a ring saw bit screw, and correspondingly, the link shaft is provided with a nut matched with the ring saw bit. Notch; the ring saw bit is screwed into the nut recess. The screw-in structure allows the drill bit to be replaced.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least one front bearing is disposed between the ring saw sleeve and the connecting rod shaft, and the front bearing is adjacent to the rear end portion of the ring saw bit. At least one rear bearing is disposed between the fixed seat and the connecting rod shaft, and the rear bearing is disposed at a front end portion of the coupling A. In the ring saw sleeve, the front and rear bearings can help secure the built-in ring saw, ensure that the built-in ring saw rotates concentrically, and the fixed serrations extend beyond the length of the ring saw sleeve. The front bearing can be either a plain bearing or a ball bearing, and the front bearing allows the built-in ring saw bit to rotate at a high speed and concentrically. The use of sliding bearings in the front end of the ring saw allows the diameter of the front end of the limit sleeve ring saw to be small, ensuring the smallest possible work area during the saw operation, and the effective working area of the ring saw itself is easy to clean. The rear bearing priority ball bearing, because the connecting rod shaft of the sleeve ring saw is connected to the motor end, the ball bearing is selected to help the shaft to stabilize and be subjected to friction during high-speed rotation in a high load position, and the working drill saw defined by the locking ring saw bit Depth prevents the ring saw bit from retracting inward or excessively extending.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rear end of the ring saw bit and the connecting rod shaft have a bit gap of the drill link. When the ring saw bit is screwed into the nut notch of the connecting rod shaft, the difference can be added by adding Thin thick washers adjust the drill shaft shaft clearance to precisely control the cutting depth of the drill. There is a rear bearing clearance washer between the rear bearing and the front end of the coupling A. In the rear bearing fixed position, the rear bearing clearance can be adjusted by adding different thin thick washers, and the saw blade drilling depth can also be precisely controlled. In addition, the ring saw sleeve fixing seat has a large diameter at the joint with the motor, and has the conditions of using a ball bearing and a lip seal.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a clearance gap is left between the inner wall of the ring saw sleeve and the outer wall of the ring saw bit to allow the outer wall of the ring saw bit to rotate without contacting the inner wall of the ring saw sleeve. The size of the air gap can be on the order of micrometers or millimeters, and the air gap can be filled with air, physiological saline, or antifriction material, such as a self-lubricating polymer (when such material is suitable for operation). There are several wind tunnels on the wall of the ring saw sleeve. The wind tunnel provides air flow transmission when the built-in treble rotates at high speed to help the air flow and cooling inside the ring saw during high-speed rotation of the hole, and facilitate the inside of the sleeve ring saw. Clean cleaning. The front end face of the sleeve of the ring saw sleeve is knurled to reduce slippage during operation of the surgical drill bone, and provides the airflow and liquid flow of the sleeve end face in contact with the drill face when the saw bone is drilled.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the motor comprises a motor casing, a motor shaft and a coupling B; the coupling B is provided with a coupling B groove having a fan-shaped opening, the coupling A and the coupling B is oppositely connected, and the coupling fork pin is stuck in the groove of the coupling B. The limit sleeve ring saw is embedded and butted with the coupling B of the coupling A and the coupling B, so that the sleeve ring saw can be easily loaded and unloaded. During the actual loading and unloading operation, the coupling A can be easily slid into the coupling B on the motor shaft, and the coupling fork shaft on the coupling A can slide freely into the fan-shaped opening coupling B groove of the coupling B. This fan-shaped modular embedded coupling connection makes loading and unloading very easy for the user's operation. Their embedded coupling does not need to pay attention to the alignment adjustment. It is only necessary to screw the fixed seat motor of the sleeve ring saw end to the motor housing. The head thread can be used. The surface of the outer wall of the sleeve can be knurled to facilitate the loading and unloading of the circular saw by hand when the operation is performed.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ring saw sleeve may be composed of a plurality of segmented sleeves, and the depth of the ring saw bone can be changed by adjusting the sleeve, that is, through different lengths of sleeves or relative to another sleeve. The depth of the barrel saw can be changed by increasing/decreasing the screw length and then locking it with a locating pin or a releasable button. In a specific embodiment, the ring saw sleeve includes a front end sleeve and a main segment ring saw sleeve; the front end sleeve and the main segment ring saw sleeve are threadedly coupled by a front end sleeve or a locating pin bayonet locking connection. The detachable front sleeve part and the built-in ring saw bit are used as effective working parts for the operation, and can be easily removed for high temperature sterilization. The front end sleeve is preferably made of a metal material such as stainless steel or the like. In addition, for the convenience of clinical operation and the different depth of cranial plate drilling, the front sleeve part can be made of plastic material to make a complete set of spare parts with different lengths for one-time use during clinical operation.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, a telescopic protection structure is provided at the head end of the limit sleeve ring saw, the telescopic protection structure includes a telescopic protection cover, a limit bolt and a spring; and the telescopic protection cover is disposed on the ring saw sleeve. Between the ring saw bit and the ring saw bit; the limit bolt is inserted into the guide groove of the telescopic cover through the ring saw sleeve; the telescopic cover ensures that the ring saw tooth is not exposed when it is not in the working state of the drill saw. When the ring saw bit is not in working condition, it is wrapped in the additional telescopic protective cover, coaxial with the sleeve and wrapped by the ring saw sleeve, and the limit bolt is used to control the depth of the expansion saw and the target sawing depth, that is, the cutting depth of the drill saw. The telescopic space. The telescopic protective cover can be moved along the longitudinal direction thereof with respect to the ring saw sleeve, so that the telescopic protective cover is compressed back when it contacts the surface of the drill saw bone, and the front limit gap is shifted backward to form a rear limit gap, thereby exposing When the ring saw bit is removed from the drill sawbone body, the telescopic protective cover is reset by the spring action, and the ring drill sawtooth is re-shielded to achieve safety protection.

The beneficial effects of the invention are:

1. The combination mechanism of the outer ring saw sleeve and the inner ring saw ensures the safety protection when the high-speed rotating ring saw drill bit is driven by the motor, limits the depth of the drill bone, the anti-slip positioning and the complete bone flap removal of the saw bone.

2. The sleeve ring saw and the motor casing are rigidly connected by threads or snaps, so that the limit sleeve ring saw is integrated with the motor as a hand-held power tool; the inner ring saw is passed by the ring saw bit through the connecting rod shaft, the coupling and the motor. The rotating shaft is modularly embedded and coupled, and the modules are blindly aligned during loading and unloading, and are randomly embedded, which facilitates frequent loading and unloading of the ring saw. The coupling A and the coupling fork pin adopt modular inserting mode, and the coupling B is provided with a fan-shaped coupling B groove, which makes loading and unloading very easy, no need to deliberate alignment adjustment, and the ring saw is frequently loaded and unloaded; The surface of the outer wall is knurled to facilitate the loading and unloading of the circular saw by hand.

3. The two-position bearing (front bearing and rear bearing) disposed in the ring saw sleeve ensures high-speed stable concentric rotation of the inner ring saw under the motor drive, and ensures the high-speed rotating ring saw bit fixed front and rear limit, preventing the ring saw The retraction and extension of the drill bit. At the same time, the ring saw bit is connected with the connecting rod shaft and the rear bearing and the coupling A. The clamping connection at the two places provides a matching gasket, which can be used to accurately finely adjust the length of the saw tooth extending out of the sleeve, that is, control The precise depth of the saw bone.

4. The built-in ring saw bit and the connecting rod shaft of the butt thread are connected to each other, which facilitates the loading and unloading of the ring saw bit and separate cleaning and high temperature disinfection.

5. The front end surface of the sleeve contacting the working face of the drill bone is made into a knurled surface, which can prevent the working surface from slipping when the saw bone is drilled, and ensure the flow of the cooling liquid on the saw blade bone; the wall of the ring saw sleeve The wind tunnel ensures airflow transmission and cooling when the built-in ring saw rotates at high speed.

6. The ring saw sleeve consists of a front end sleeve and a main section ring saw sleeve, which are locked by screwing or positioning pin bayonet. The depth of the ring saw bone can be changed by the sleeve adjustment; the detachable front end sleeve and the built-in ring saw bit can be easily removed for high temperature sterilization; the front sleeve part can be made of plastic material in different lengths. The complete set of spare parts can meet the requirements of one-time convenient use of clinical surgery and different depth of cranial plate drilling.

7. A telescopic protective cover device is arranged between the ring saw sleeve and the ring saw bit, and the extended elastic protective cover protects the ring saw serration from being exposed when not in operation, only when the ring saw bit contacts the bone surface of the drill saw bone When the protective cover is compressed back, the serrations are exposed; when the ring saw bit leaves the working surface of the drill sawbone body, the protective cover is ejected, and the saw teeth are again blocked by the protective cover, thereby realizing the safety protection of the safe electric drill.

8. The invention realizes the standardization and repeatability of the skull bone defect and the drilling operation, and the operation is simple, the implementation is easy, the safety is reliable, the time saving is high, the surgical trauma is small, and the general medical research laboratory conditions, such as the mouse to Large animal skull bone defect models and clinical medical craniotomy and skull perforation provide surgical technical assurance.

DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Figure 2 is an exploded view showing the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural view of an inner ring saw of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Figure 4 is an exploded view showing the structure of the inner ring saw of the embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a ring saw sleeve of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the inner ring saw of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Figure 8 is a cross-sectional exploded view of the inner ring saw of the embodiment 1 of the present invention;

9 is a schematic structural view of a limit sleeve ring saw head end according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Figure 10 is a left side view of the limit sleeve ring saw head end shown in Figure 9;

Figure 11 is a schematic view of the front end face of the sleeve of the ring saw sleeve;

Figure 12 is a schematic view showing the structure of a cross saw of a ring saw bit;

Figure 13 is a schematic view of the end of the limit sleeve ring saw of the embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Figure 14 is a right side view of the end of the limit sleeve ring saw of Figure 13;

Figure 15 is a schematic view of the coupling A and the coupling fork pin;

Figure 16 is a partial schematic view of the motor shaft and the outer casing;

Figure 17 is a partial left side view of the motor shaft and the outer casing of Figure 16;

Figure 18 is a schematic structural view of the coupling B;

Figure 19 is a left side view of the coupling B shown in Figure 18;

Figure 20 is a schematic view showing the corresponding positions of the coupling A and the coupling B;

Figure 21 is a schematic view of the docking assembly of the coupling A and the coupling B;

Figure 22 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

Figure 23 is a structural exploded view of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

Figure 24 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the limit sleeve ring saw head of the embodiment 3 of the present invention;

Figure 25 is a cross-sectional view of the telescopic protection structure of the limit sleeve ring saw head end of the embodiment 4 of the present invention;

Figure 26 is a cross-sectional view of the ring saw bit of the limit sleeve ring saw end of the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 27 is a schematic diagram of a mouse skull double-hole limited bone defect model;

28 is a schematic diagram of a model of a mouse skull double-hole limited bone defect filled artificial bone material;

Figure 29 is a schematic view showing the structure of a mouse skull;

Figure 30 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the mouse skull before the limit sleeve hacksaw cutting;

Figure 31 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a mouse skull in a limit sleeve circular saw cutting;

Figure 32 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the mouse skull after the limit sleeve hacksaw is cut;

Figure 33 is a schematic illustration of the removal of the complete bone flap of the skull of the drill saw.

Reference numerals in the drawings: limit sleeve ring saw 100, ring saw bit 102, link shaft 104, coupling A106, coupling fork pin 107, front bearing 108, ring saw sleeve 110, mount 111, rear bearing 112, wind tunnel 114, cross recess 116, ring saw bit screw projection 118, nut recess 120, drill saw cutting depth 122a, protective cover extension length 122b, avoidance gap 124, sleeve front end face 126, bit link clearance 128a, rear bearing clearance 128b, trephine sawtooth 130, sleeve retainer thread 132, fixed seat motor thread 134, motor 200, coupling B202, coupling B groove 204, motor shaft 206, motor housing 208, front end Sleeve body 300, front end sleeve 302, front end sleeve thread 304, main section ring saw sleeve 306, telescopic protection structure 400, limit bolt 402, telescopic protection cover 404, spring 406, skull joint 501, bone defect 502, The parietal bone 503, the artificial bone material 504, the extraosseous mold 505, the scalp 506, the dura mater 507, the skull plate 508, and the brain 509.

Detailed ways

The limit sleeve ring saw of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

The limit sleeve ring saw shown in Figures 1-15 includes an inner ring saw and a ring saw sleeve 110; the inner ring saw is sleeved in the ring saw sleeve 110 and is rotated by a motor drive; the inner ring saw includes The ring saw bit 102, the connecting rod shaft 104, the coupling A106 and the coupling fork pin 107; the ring saw bit 102 is disposed at one end of the connecting rod shaft 104, and the front end of the ring saw bit 102 is provided with a toroidal saw tooth 130, and the ring drilling saw tooth 130 The foremost end of the ring saw sleeve 110 may extend a certain distance, and the other end of the link shaft 104 is coupled to the motor shaft 206 via a coupling A106 and a coupling fork pin 107. The external ring saw sleeve 110 protects the built-in inner ring saw from injury to the surrounding tissue of the operator and the surgical site; the surgical front can be gripped as much as possible with one hand to make the ring saw bit 102 The alignment is stable when drilling the saw bone.

The limit sleeve ring saw further includes a fixing seat 111, and the ring saw sleeve 110 is coupled to the fixing base 111 through the sleeve fixing thread 132 and the internal thread of the fixing base 111.

The rear end of the ring saw bit 102 is provided with a ring saw bit screw projection 118. Correspondingly, the link shaft 104 is provided with a nut recess 120 adapted to the ring saw bit screw projection 118; the ring saw bit is convexly convex. 118 is screwed into the nut recess 120. The screw-in structure allows the drill bit to be replaced.

A front bearing 108 is disposed between the ring saw sleeve 110 and the link shaft 104, and the front bearing 108 is adjacent the rear end of the ring saw bit 102. A rear bearing 112 is disposed between the fixed seat 111 and the link shaft 104, and the rear bearing 112 is disposed at the front end portion of the coupling A106. Within the ring saw sleeve 110, the front bearing 108 and the rear bearing 112 help secure the built-in ring saw. The front bearing 108 can be a sliding bearing, so that the built-in ring saw bit can stably rotate at a high speed and concentric rotation, and the diameter of the front end of the limit sleeve ring saw is small, ensuring the smallest working area of the saw saw operation, and the ring saw The effective working area itself is easy to clean; the front bearing 108 can also be a sealed ball bearing, for example, the diameter of the skull hole of the drill saw is large or the working area of the sawing operation is suitable for operation. The rear bearing 112 is a ball bearing. Since the connecting rod shaft 104 of the sleeve ring saw is connected to the motor end, the ball bearing is selected to facilitate the stability and force friction of the rotating shaft during high-speed rotation at a high load position, and the work defined by the locking ring saw bit is defined. The depth of the saw is prevented to prevent the ring saw bit from retracting inward or excessively extending.

As shown in FIG. 5, there is a drill link shaft gap 128a between the rear end of the ring saw bit 102 and the link shaft 104, and a rear bearing gap 128b between the rear bearing 112 and the front end portion of the coupling A106. A washer for precisely adjusting the cutting depth 122a of the saw may be provided in both the shaft gap 128a and the rear bearing gap 128b. When the ring saw bit screw projection 118 is screwed into the nut recess 120 of the link shaft 104, the drill link shaft gap 128a can be adjusted by adding different thin thick washers to precisely control the saw cutting depth 122a. In the fixed position of the rear bearing 112, the rear bearing gap 128b can be adjusted by adding different thin thick washers, and the cutting depth of the drill can also be precisely controlled. Further, the ring saw sleeve fixing base 111 has a large diameter at the joint portion with the motor, and has conditions for using a ball bearing and a lip seal.

A clearance gap 124 is left between the inner wall of the ring saw sleeve 110 and the outer wall of the ring saw bit 102 to allow the outer wall of the ring saw bit to rotate without contacting the inner wall of the ring saw sleeve. The size of the air gap 124 may be Micron or millimeters, the air gap can be filled with air, saline, or friction reducing materials, such as self-lubricating polymers when the material is suitable for operation. The wall of the ring saw sleeve 110 is provided with a plurality of wind tunnels 114. The wind tunnel 114 provides airflow transmission when the built-in treble rotates at a high speed to help the air flow and cooling inside the ring saw during high-speed rotation of the borehole, and facilitates the sleeve. Cleaning and cleaning inside the ring saw. The sleeve front end face 126 of the ring saw sleeve 110 is knurled to reduce slippage during operation of the surgical drill bone and provides for airflow and liquid flow of the sleeve end face in contact with the drill bone face when the saw bone is drilled.

Example 2

As shown in FIGS. 16-21, the motor 200 includes a motor housing 208, a motor shaft 206, and a coupling B202. The coupling B202 is provided with a coupling B groove 204 having a fan-shaped opening, and the coupling A106 and the coupling. The B202 is oppositely connected, and the coupling fork pin 107 is caught in the groove 204 of the coupling B. The limit sleeve ring saw is embedded in the coupling B of the coupling A106 and the coupling B of the coupling B, so that the sleeve ring saw can be easily loaded and unloaded. During the actual loading and unloading operation, the coupling A106 can be easily slid into the coupling B202 on the motor shaft 206, and the coupling fork shaft 107 on the coupling A can be freely slid into the fan-shaped open coupling B of the coupling B202. The groove 204, the fan-shaped modular embedded coupling connection, is very easy to handle for user operation, and the embedded coupling does not need to pay attention to the alignment adjustment, just the screw 134 of the fixed seat motor of the sleeve ring saw end It can be connected to the head end of the motor housing 208. The surface of the outer wall of the sleeve can be knurled to facilitate the loading and unloading of the circular saw by hand when the operation is performed.

Example 3

As shown in Figures 22-24, the ring sleeve sleeve includes a front end sleeve 302 and a main segment ring saw sleeve 306; the front end sleeve 302 and the main segment ring saw sleeve 306 pass through the front end sleeve thread 304 is screwed. The detachable front end sleeve 302 portion and the built-in ring saw drill bit 102 serve as an effective working part for performing the operation, and can be conveniently removed for high temperature sterilization. In addition, for the convenience of clinical operation and the different depth of the cranial plate drilling, the front end sleeve 302 part can be made of plastic material, and the complete sets of spare parts with different lengths can be made for one-time use in clinical operation.

For other contents, please refer to the description of Embodiment 1.

Example 4

As shown in Figure 25-26, a telescopic protection structure 400 is disposed at the head end of the limit sleeve ring saw. The telescopic protection structure 400 includes a telescopic protection cover 404, a limit bolt 402 and a spring 406. The telescopic protection cover 404 is disposed on the ring. Between the saw sleeve 110 and the ring saw bit 102; the limit bolt 402 is inserted into the guide groove of the telescopic protection cover 404 through the ring saw sleeve 110; the extension length of the telescopic protection cover is 122b, and the ring saw bit 102 is not in operation It is wrapped in a telescopic protective cover 404. The telescoping shield 404 ensures that the trephine sawtooth 130 is not exposed when it is not in operation. When the ring saw bit 102 is in the non-working state, it is wrapped in the additional telescopic protection cover 404, coaxial with the sleeve and wrapped by the ring saw sleeve, and the limit bolt 402 is used to control the depth of the target saw, that is, the cutting depth of the drill saw 122a, etc. The telescopic space. The telescopic protective cover can be moved along the longitudinal direction thereof with respect to the ring saw sleeve, so that the telescopic protective cover is compressed back when it contacts the surface of the drill sawbone, and the front limit gap 408a is backwardly displaced into the rear limit gap 408b. Thereby, the circumsaw serration leading edge is exposed; when the ring saw bit is removed from the drill sawbone entity, the telescopic protection cover 404 is resetted by the action of the spring 406, and the circumsaw serration 130 is re-occluded, thereby achieving safety protection.

Example 5

As shown in Figures 27-33, a schematic diagram of a two-hole limited bone defect model of a mouse skull is established by using a limit sleeve circular saw of the present invention.

27-28 are schematic diagrams of a model of a double-hole limited bone defect in a mouse skull.

Figure 29 is a schematic view showing the structure of a mouse skull; from the outside to the inside, the scalp 506, the epithelium 505, the skull plate 508, the dura mater 507, and the brain. It is not easy to drill a standard volume of bone defects on the spherical dome of a mouse skull. In any case, the dura tissue under the skull cannot be harmed.

Figure 30 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the mouse skull before the limit sleeve hacksaw is cut. The limit sleeve ring saw 100 can accurately define the depth of the drill bit saw blade, that is, the drill saw cutting depth 122a, and cut a standard size skull bone defect.

Figure 31 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a mouse skull in a limit sleeve circular saw cutting. The ring saw sleeve 110 of the limit sleeve ring saw is stationary during the saw operation and encloses the inner rotating ring saw bit, which only exposes the trephine saw teeth 130 of the effective working depth of the saw. The ring saw sleeve 110 achieves three main objectives: to protect the operator from high-speed rotating trephine during surgery; to set the target bone depth of the drill to prevent excessive damage to the dura mater; to contain tissue surrounding the surgical field The drill bit is damaged, and the operational stability of the drill head and the pulling force when drilling the saw bone are provided.

Figure 32 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the mouse skull after the limit sleeve hacksaw is cut. The inner ring saw bit 102 is defined to extend beyond the mouth end of the sleeve, allowing the operator to easily control the depth of the saw bone without training and control, ensuring that the dura mater and brain tissue are not damaged during the trephine procedure.

Figure 33 is a schematic illustration of the removal of the complete bone flap of the skull of the drill saw. The skull of the drill saw is removed from the intact bone flap, and the bone flap can be moved back to the riveting reset after the operation, saving more time and money. General laboratory technicians can easily master the drilling and sawing skills of the experimental animal skull double-hole limited bone defect model.

The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be practiced in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention; The present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Although the reference numerals in the figures are used more herein: the limit sleeve ring saw 100, the ring saw bit 102, the link shaft 104, the coupling A106, the coupling fork pin 107, the front bearing 108, the ring saw sleeve 110 , fixed seat 111, rear bearing 112, wind tunnel 114, cross recess 116, ring saw bit screw projection 118, nut recess 120, drill saw cutting depth 122a, protective cover extension length 122b, avoidance gap 124, sleeve front end Face 126, drill link clearance 128a, rear bearing clearance 128b, treble saw tooth 130, sleeve mount thread 132, mount motor thread 134, motor 200, coupling B202, coupling B groove 204, motor shaft 206, motor housing 208, front sleeve body 300, front end sleeve 302, front end sleeve thread 304, main section ring saw sleeve 306, telescopic protection structure 400, limit bolt 402, telescopic protection cover 404, spring 406, skull Slot 501, bone defect 502, parietal bone 503, artificial bone material 504, bone outer mold 505, scalp 506, dura mater 507, skull plate 508, brain 509, etc., but does not preclude the possibility of using other terms; use these terms Just to more easily describe and explain the essence of the invention Interpreting them as any additional limitation is contrary to the spirit of the invention.

Claims (10)

A limit sleeve ring saw, characterized in that the limit sleeve ring saw comprises a motor, an inner ring saw and at least one ring saw sleeve (110); a ring saw sleeve (110) and a motor casing (208) a rigid connection; the inner ring saw is sleeved in the ring saw sleeve (110) by at least two bearings and is driven to rotate by a motor; the inner ring saw includes a ring saw bit (102), a link shaft (104), Coupling A (106) and coupling fork pin (107); a ring saw bit (102) is provided at one end of the connecting rod shaft (104), and the front end of the ring saw bit (102) is provided with a toroidal saw tooth (130), a ring The drill serration (130) can extend a certain distance from the front end face (126) of the ring saw sleeve, and the other end of the link shaft (104) passes through the coupling A (106) and the coupling fork pin (107) and the motor shaft (206). connection. The limit sleeve ring saw according to claim 1, wherein the limit sleeve ring saw further comprises a fixing seat (111), and the ring saw sleeve (110) passes through the sleeve fixing seat thread (132). The internal thread of the fixing base (111) is connected with the fixing seat (111); the fixing base (111) and the motor housing (208) are rigidly connected by threads or snaps. The limit sleeve saw according to claim 1, wherein a rear end of the ring saw bit (102) is provided with a ring saw bit screw (118), and correspondingly, the link The shaft (104) is provided with a nut recess (120) adapted to the ring saw bit screw projection (118); the ring saw bit screw projection (118) is screwed into the nut recess (120). The limit sleeve ring saw according to claim 2, wherein at least one front bearing (108) and a front bearing (108) are disposed between the ring saw sleeve (110) and the connecting rod shaft (104). ) near the rear end of the ring saw bit (102). The limit sleeve ring saw according to claim 4, wherein at least one rear bearing (112) is disposed between the fixed seat (111) and the connecting rod shaft (104), and the rear bearing (112) is disposed at The front end of the coupling A (106). The limit sleeve ring saw according to claim 5, wherein a drill link shaft gap (128a) and a rear bearing (112) are provided between the rear end of the ring saw bit (102) and the link shaft (104). ) There is a rear bearing clearance (128b) between the front end of the coupling A (106), and the drill link shaft clearance (128a) and the rear bearing clearance (128b) are provided for precisely adjusting the cutting depth of the drill (122a) Washer. The limit sleeve saw according to claim 1, wherein the ring saw sleeve (110) comprises a front end sleeve (302) and a main section ring saw sleeve (306); a front end sleeve (302) And the main segment ring saw sleeve (306) is screwed through the front end sleeve thread (304) or the positioning pin bayonet lock connection; the front end sleeve (302) is made of plastic material. The limit sleeve saw according to claim 1, wherein a gap (124) is left between the inner wall of the ring saw sleeve (110) and the outer wall of the ring saw bit (102). The air gap (124) is filled with air, physiological saline or friction reducing material; a plurality of wind tunnels (114) are arranged on the wall of the ring saw sleeve (110); and the front end surface of the sleeve of the ring saw sleeve (110) (126) ) Do knurling. The limit sleeve ring saw according to claim 1, wherein the motor (200) comprises a motor housing (208), a motor shaft (206) and a coupling B (202); and a coupling B ( 202) A coupling B groove (204) having a fan-shaped opening is arranged, the coupling A (106) is opposite to the coupling B (202), and the coupling fork pin (107) is clamped to the coupling B concave. Inside the slot (204). The limit sleeve ring saw according to claim 1, wherein a telescopic protection structure (400) is provided at a head end of the limit sleeve ring saw, and the telescopic protection structure (400) comprises a telescopic protection cover ( 404), a limit bolt (402) and a spring (406); a telescopic shield (404) is disposed between the ring saw sleeve (110) and the ring saw bit (102); the limit bolt (402) passes through the ring saw The sleeve (110) is embedded in the guide groove of the telescopic protective cover (404); the ring saw bit (102) is wrapped in the telescopic protective cover (404) when it is not in operation.

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