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WO2019054856A1 - Procédé de transformation d'un thermoplastique en un élément monolithique tel qu'un carreau, un récipient et une combinaison d'un four, de moyens de transport et du récipient - Google Patents

Procédé de transformation d'un thermoplastique en un élément monolithique tel qu'un carreau, un récipient et une combinaison d'un four, de moyens de transport et du récipient Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019054856A1
WO2019054856A1 PCT/NL2018/050586 NL2018050586W WO2019054856A1 WO 2019054856 A1 WO2019054856 A1 WO 2019054856A1 NL 2018050586 W NL2018050586 W NL 2018050586W WO 2019054856 A1 WO2019054856 A1 WO 2019054856A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
container
thermoplastic
melting step
cover
melting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/NL2018/050586
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Bart BLEIJERVELD
Laura Cornelia KLAUSS
Casper VAN DER MER
Jonas Rikkert Jan MARTENS
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Better Future Factory BV
Original Assignee
Better Future Factory BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Better Future Factory BV filed Critical Better Future Factory BV
Publication of WO2019054856A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019054856A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/0026—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics by agglomeration or compacting
    • B29B17/0036—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics by agglomeration or compacting of large particles, e.g. beads, granules, pellets, flakes, slices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/0026—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics by agglomeration or compacting
    • B29B17/0042—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics by agglomeration or compacting for shaping parts, e.g. multilayered parts with at least one layer containing regenerated plastic
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

Definitions

  • thermoplastic to a monolithic element such as a tile, a container and combination of a kiln, transport means and the container
  • the invention relates to a method for processing a thermoplastic to a monolithic element such as a tile.
  • Thermoplastics such as for instance polyethylene terephthalate, are used for all kinds of applications, for instance as packaging for diverse types of goods such as food. After the packaged goods have been removed from the packaging, the thermoplastic usually ends up in a separate or non- separate waste flow. It is desirable for reasons of
  • a first known technology is known from patent publication WO 2008/042385 A2.
  • Polyethylene terephthalate is processed here together with a number of other substances. The resulting material reduces the proportion of material actually recycled and thereby has an adverse effect on the recycling.
  • polyethylene terephthalate comprises of processing amorphous polyethylene terephthalate to a monolithic material by means of injection moulding in a mould.
  • This technology too has a number of drawbacks. Injection moulding requires that the material remains in the mould for a longer period during both heating and cooling. Because a mould for injection moulding and the other equipment required for injection moulding are costly to purchase, the method becomes expensive because only one monolithic element can be manufactured at a time. The element created moreover differs greatly in appearance from for instance marble.
  • terephthalate such as polyethylene terephthalate combined with ethylene vinyl alcohol (PET-EVOH) , polyethylene or a lacquer layer.
  • PET-EVOH ethylene vinyl alcohol
  • thermoplastic to a monolithic element such as a tile, comprising the steps of:
  • thermoplastic in pieces, such as in flakes, in the container
  • the walls and bottom of the container are heated in the first melting step so that the thermoplastic close to these walls and bottom will melt. Air between the pieces of thermoplastic has the opportunity to escape during this first melting step. At the end of this step the thermoplastic close to the peripheral wall will in many cases have become somewhat discoloured and have sunk to a lower level compared to the thermoplastic at a distance from the peripheral wall.
  • thermoplastic is preferably also continued during this second melting step in addition to the melting by heat radiation.
  • the first melting step preferably lasts longer than the second melting step.
  • the first melting step preferably lasts about five times as long as the second melting step.
  • the duration of the first melting step is hereby defined by the moment that the thermoplastic close to the peripheral wall has sunk to a lower level and, if applicable, has become
  • this first melting step is in the order of 25 minutes, which means that in this case the second melting step will last about 5 minutes.
  • the heating take place at a temperature of about 40 to 80 and preferably about 60 degrees Celsius above the melting point of the chosen thermoplastic.
  • the pieces are for instance flakes or granulate or other types of ground or pulverized material. They are
  • thermoplastic consists at least partially, and preferably substantially or wholly, of
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • a- PET amorphous PET
  • c-PET crystalline PET
  • PETG terephthalate glycol
  • terephthalate such as polyethylene terephthalate combined with ethylene vinyl alcohol (PET-EVOH) , polyethylene or a lacquer layer, or of a mixture of one or more of these
  • the kiln used it is preferable to heat the kiln used to a temperature of between 300 and 340 degrees Celsius, preferably about 320 degrees Celsius.
  • Providing a cover which covers the top side of the container during the first melting step, and which is removed from the top side of the container during the second melting step makes it possible to perform the two steps in the same device, such as for instance a kiln such as a kiln with a ceramic plate.
  • a cover on the container placed in the kiln here excludes heat radiation which reaches the thermoplastic substantially only during the second melting step, and in this way acts as a kind of heat shield.
  • the cover is preferably re-placed after the second melting step so that the formed monolithic element can cool in controlled manner without deforming.
  • the cover eliminates the influence of draught, while the hot air can however gradually escape via the ventilation openings which have preferably been arranged for this purpose in the cover.
  • the method comprises the step of cooling the thermoplastic after the first and second melting step.
  • thermoplastic comprises the step of cooling the content of the container at room temperature in the container with the cover on the container.
  • a gradual cooling takes place by cooling the formed monolithic element in the container, this reducing the chance of crack formation and/or build-up of stress in the monolithic element .
  • thermoplastic lies solely under its own weight in the container.
  • thermoplastic lies solely under its own weight in the container during the method (the thermoplastic is therefore not pressed) , the possibility of crack formation during cooling of the formed monolithic element is reduced or even avoided.
  • thermoplastic arranged at a relative
  • thermoplastic arranged closer to the bottom Because pressing is not used, the orientation of the container is horizontal during the melting steps.
  • Sanding preferably entails a step wherein the upper side
  • container is made flat, running substantially parallel to the side which has lain parallel to and against the bottom of the container .
  • the method further comprises the step of preheating the container and/or the thermoplastic prior to the step of arranging the thermoplastic in the container .
  • preheating the container and/or the thermoplastic the container and/or thermoplastic respectively are already heated to some extent, whereby the duration of the melting steps can be shortened.
  • the container which is usually made substantially of steel, can for instance be heated by means of induction, where the thermoplastic can for instance be heated in a storage tank.
  • the duration of the melting steps can then be shortened to a total of 10 minutes in the case of polyethylene terephthalate .
  • thermoplastic layer comprises a residual flow layer which consists at least substantially of thermoplastic.
  • Thermoplastics recycling often creates (for instance due to poor separation or contamination) a very cheap residual flow with impurities, such as a mixture of thermoplastics or a mixture consisting substantially of thermoplastics but mixed with materials other than thermoplastics. There are at the moment insufficient applications for this residual flow. It is possible with the invention to construct a part of the formed element from residual flow. The resulting element will be considered monolithic because it will then still consist substantially of one thermoplastic.
  • thermoplastic layer has a higher purity and forms the visual side of the monolithic element, while the residual flow layer forms the side of the monolithic element which is hidden from view.
  • the introduction of the residual flow layer preferably takes place here between the first and the second melting step.
  • the residual flow layer melts here on the thermoplastic layer, whereby one monolithic element is created .
  • the method further comprises the step of painting the outer surface of the thermoplastic layer with impurities.
  • thermoplastic layer (optionally providing it with a texture) following production of the element (such as a tile) makes it possible to conceal that the element is at least partially constructed from residual flow. Painting moreover makes it possible to have the thermoplastic layer consist wholly of residual flow.
  • the invention also relates to a container for use in the method according to any of the foregoing claims,
  • a cover preferably releasable from the container.
  • Such a container can be used in the method to arrange the thermoplastic therein.
  • the cover ensures here that in the first melting step the heat radiation is substantially excluded and that melting substantially takes place via conduction along the bottom and peripheral wall, while after removal of the cover in the second melting step the
  • thermoplastic also melts under the influence of heat
  • This can be a loose cover, but for instance also a cover which is mounted on the container for pivoting between an open and closed position along for instance a hinge.
  • the container is constructed from a tray with a depth similar to the height of the monolithic element to be formed, with a peripheral wall which is arranged on the tray and extends in line with the walls and which serves as guide for the flakes, on which peripheral wall the cover is arranged.
  • Ventilation openings in the container makes it possible to allow escape of air and heat which accumulate in the container during the melting steps.
  • the ventilation openings are preferably small here such that in the first step any heat radiation possibly present in the device used and directed at the thermoplastic present in the container is substantially excluded.
  • the container is smooth on the side directed toward the thermoplastic.
  • a smoothing can take place for instance by polishing or by providing the container on the inner side with a releasing coating layer along the peripheral wall or bottom.
  • a releasing coating layer has the advantage here compared to polishing that it is not necessary to disassemble the container.
  • the container is constructed from flat plate parts releasable from each other and fixing means for fixing the plate parts to each other.
  • the invention also relates to a combination for use in the method according to the invention comprising:
  • - transport means such as a conveyor belt, extending through the at least one kiln
  • the containers are preferably arranged for this purpose on transport means, such as a conveyor belt, which transport means transport the containers in and out of the kiln via a preferably separate kiln entrance and exit.
  • transport means such as a conveyor belt
  • the first and second melting steps are preferably performed here in a separate first and second kiln, whereby the method can be performed more quickly.
  • a preheating kiln is then further arranged for this purpose which precedes the first kiln.
  • the thermoplastic layer is preferably fed into the container via an automatic dispensing station .
  • Figures 1A and IB show a container according to the invention, respectively in assembled state and with exploded parts .
  • Figure 2 shows the container according to figures 1A and IB filled with thermoplastic.
  • Figure 3 is a flow diagram of the method according to the invention.
  • Figure 4 shows a combination according to the invention .
  • Figure 5 shows another container according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1A and IB Shown in figures 1A and IB is a container 1 according to the invention constructed from a base plate 2, a bottom plate 3 and upper plate 4. Constructed between bottom plate 3 and upper plate 4 is a peripheral wall constructed from flat plate parts 5, which plate parts are polished on the side facing toward each other. Base plate 2 and upper plate 4 are fixed to each other by means of screws 6 with wing nuts 7. Plate parts 5 are fixed to each other with bolts 8 arranged on all edges and are clamped by base plate 2 and upper plate 4. A cover 9 which covers the top side of container 1 can be placed on container 1. Ventilation openings 10 and a handle 11 with opening 12 are arranged in cover 9 so that cover 9 can lie on the container in alignment with one of the screws 6 with wing nuts 7. Filled with thermoplastic, container 1 is in this way used in the first melting step.
  • the container is shown in figure 2 as it is used in the second melting step.
  • cover 9 has been
  • thermoplastic flakes 100 have been arranged uniformly distributed in the container. At the end of the first melting step the parts 100a close to plate parts 5 will have become discoloured and will have sunk to a slightly lower level relative to the remainder 100b of the visible surface of flakes 100.
  • container 1 is provided (step 201), container 1 is filled with thermoplastic flakes (step 202), cover 9 is placed over container 1 as shown in figure 1A (step 203), wall parts 5 and base plate 2 and bottom plate 3 are heated so that area 100a melts (step 204), cover 9 is removed (step 205), the whole content of container 1 is melted by heating wall parts 5 and heat radiation is directed at thermoplastic 100 through upper plate 4 (step 206), the monolithic element formed in the steps is cooled (step 207) .
  • FIG. 4 shows a combination 300 according to the invention on which the method according to the invention is performed.
  • Combination 300 comprises a conveyor belt 301 which extends through a preheating kiln 302, a first kiln 303 and a second kiln 304.
  • a first dispensing station 305 and second dispensing station 306 are arranged above conveyor belt 301.
  • First dispensing station 305 is connected to the exit of a preheating kiln 307 and second dispensing station 306 to a preheating kiln 308.
  • a container is arranged without cover 400A on conveyor belt 301, heated in preheating kiln 302 to above the melting temperature of the thermoplastic to be processed, subsequently carried under first dispensing station 305 (as container 400B) where it is filled with thermoplastic coming from source 309 and preheated in kiln 307.
  • Cover 405 is subsequently placed on container 400C and the first melting step is performed in first kiln 303 wherein the volume of the content of the container decreases, after which the cover is removed (container 400D) .
  • Container 400E is subsequently placed under second dispensing station 306, where it is filled with thermoplastic coming from source 310 and preheated in kiln 308, preferably a residual flow which consists
  • the second melting step is then performed in second kiln 304 without the cover on the container, wherein the volume of the content of the container decreases further.
  • the container then comes out of kiln 304 and cover 405 is placed on the container (as container 400G) .
  • the cover and the formed monolithic element 450 are
  • Monolithic element 450 is then suitable for further processing, while container 400G can be reused for infeed as container 400A.
  • FIG. 5 shows container 400 as in step 400F of figure 4.
  • Container 400 comprises a tray 401 with a bottom 402 and a wall 403, with a peripheral wall 404 placed on tray 401 and extending in line with wall 403. The space between cover
  • tray 401 is filled with
  • thermoplastic during the method, but because the volume of the thermoplastic decreases in the melting steps, the formed monolithic element will usually not protrude above upper edge
  • the formed monolithic element 460 is constructed from a thermoplastic layer 461 and a residual flow layer 462.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de transformation d'un thermoplastique en un élément monolithique tel qu'un carreau, comprenant les étapes consistant à : fournir une récipient avec un fond et une paroi périphérique s'étendant verticalement à partir du fond ; - agencer un thermoplastique en morceaux, par exemple en flocons, dans le récipient ; - chauffer le fond et/ou la paroi périphérique du récipient lors d'une première étape de fusion de sorte qu'au moins les parties du thermoplastique disposées dans le récipient se trouvent le long du fond et/ou de la paroi périphérique fondent ; et - faire fondre le contenu du récipient pendant une seconde étape de fusion après la première étape de fusion en dirigeant au moins un rayonnement thermique au niveau du contenu du récipient. La présente invention concerne également un récipient et une combinaison.
PCT/NL2018/050586 2017-09-13 2018-09-10 Procédé de transformation d'un thermoplastique en un élément monolithique tel qu'un carreau, un récipient et une combinaison d'un four, de moyens de transport et du récipient Ceased WO2019054856A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL2019534A NL2019534B1 (nl) 2017-09-13 2017-09-13 Werkwijze voor het verwerken van een thermoplast tot een monolithisch element zoals een tegel, en houder
NL2019534 2017-09-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019054856A1 true WO2019054856A1 (fr) 2019-03-21

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NL2018/050586 Ceased WO2019054856A1 (fr) 2017-09-13 2018-09-10 Procédé de transformation d'un thermoplastique en un élément monolithique tel qu'un carreau, un récipient et une combinaison d'un four, de moyens de transport et du récipient

Country Status (2)

Country Link
NL (1) NL2019534B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019054856A1 (fr)

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3831340A (en) * 1973-03-26 1974-08-27 M Tulkoff Method for compacting thermoplastic film material and apparatus therefor
US5263841A (en) * 1989-05-12 1993-11-23 Thermopers B.V. Device for processing plastic waste into blocks
EP0638404A1 (fr) * 1993-07-23 1995-02-15 Palboard Ltd. Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication d'un produit en matière plastique
DE4402575A1 (de) * 1994-01-28 1995-08-03 Christian Dr Ing Philipp Verfahren und Form zur Herstellung von Kompaktaten
US5604025A (en) * 1992-05-26 1997-02-18 Tesch; Gunter Floor covering based upon thermoplastic synthetic material
EP1031403A1 (fr) * 1999-02-26 2000-08-30 Lear Corporation Procédé de fabrication d'une préforme
WO2005061195A1 (fr) * 2003-12-19 2005-07-07 Taiyo Kogyo Corporation Procede permettant de recycler les toiles de tentes contenant du ptfe en materiaux reutilisables
WO2008042385A2 (fr) 2006-10-02 2008-04-10 Armstrong World Industries, Inc. Produit de revêtement de sol présentant des zones possédant différents contenus recyclables ou renouvelables
EP2204096A1 (fr) * 2008-12-30 2010-07-07 Panrico S.L. Procédé de production de pain par une cuisson via un chauffage diélectrique
FR3007684A1 (fr) * 2013-06-28 2015-01-02 Cetim Cermat Procede de recyclage de pieces en composite thermoplastique
DE102016202290A1 (de) * 2016-02-15 2017-08-17 Röchling Automotive SE & Co. KG Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kunststoffbauteilen mit hohem Rezyklat-Kunststoffanteil

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3831340A (en) * 1973-03-26 1974-08-27 M Tulkoff Method for compacting thermoplastic film material and apparatus therefor
US5263841A (en) * 1989-05-12 1993-11-23 Thermopers B.V. Device for processing plastic waste into blocks
US5604025A (en) * 1992-05-26 1997-02-18 Tesch; Gunter Floor covering based upon thermoplastic synthetic material
EP0638404A1 (fr) * 1993-07-23 1995-02-15 Palboard Ltd. Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication d'un produit en matière plastique
DE4402575A1 (de) * 1994-01-28 1995-08-03 Christian Dr Ing Philipp Verfahren und Form zur Herstellung von Kompaktaten
EP1031403A1 (fr) * 1999-02-26 2000-08-30 Lear Corporation Procédé de fabrication d'une préforme
WO2005061195A1 (fr) * 2003-12-19 2005-07-07 Taiyo Kogyo Corporation Procede permettant de recycler les toiles de tentes contenant du ptfe en materiaux reutilisables
WO2008042385A2 (fr) 2006-10-02 2008-04-10 Armstrong World Industries, Inc. Produit de revêtement de sol présentant des zones possédant différents contenus recyclables ou renouvelables
EP2204096A1 (fr) * 2008-12-30 2010-07-07 Panrico S.L. Procédé de production de pain par une cuisson via un chauffage diélectrique
FR3007684A1 (fr) * 2013-06-28 2015-01-02 Cetim Cermat Procede de recyclage de pieces en composite thermoplastique
DE102016202290A1 (de) * 2016-02-15 2017-08-17 Röchling Automotive SE & Co. KG Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kunststoffbauteilen mit hohem Rezyklat-Kunststoffanteil

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