WO2019047400A1 - Active embryo germinating food and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of food processing, and in particular provides an active embryo germinated food. The active embryo germinated food is a food prepared by germinating living seed embryos, then rapidly dehydrating to terminate the growth of the embryos, and then carrying out cereal food conventional processings. Further disclosed in the present invention is a preparation method for the active embryo germinated food. The active embryo germinated food prepared by the present invention and the original non-germinated food have significant differences in various living active substances. Taking rice as an example, except for starches, the content of other nutrients of the prepared rice active embryo germinated food, such as protein, fat, vitamin B1, vitamin E, IP-6, γ-aminobutyric acid and the like are all higher than those of high milled rice.

Description

Active embryo germinating food and preparation method thereof Technical field

The invention relates to the field of food processing, in particular to an active embryo germination food and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

Plant seeds are composed of three basic structures: embryo, endosperm (or cotyledon), seed coat (including outer seed coat and/or inner seed coat), which is the basis of life continuation and the main body of seed food. The endosperm or cotyledon accounted for more than 95% of the whole seed mass. The main component of the endosperm or cotyledon is a starch compound. For example, the common polished rice basically only contains the endosperm, and the vitamin B1 loses more than 60%. The essential lysine and threonine are needed. There is not much left, so long-term consumption of ordinary polished rice will cause B vitamin deficiency, such as beriberi, neuritis, cheilitis, keratitis and so on. Because rice embryos contain a variety of high-quality proteins, vitamins, trace elements, essential amino acids, high-quality cellulose, etc., which are much higher than the endosperm, in order to retain these highly nutritious substances, the embryos are preserved as much as possible by optimization of various processing methods. It forms a series of products that retain part of the embryo, which is called embryonic food. If most of the rice is retained, it is called brown rice. However, if all the seed coats are retained, the food taste is poor, the retention is too small, the amount of embryos lost in the seed coat is large, and because the embryos only account for less than 5% of the overall seed quality, that is, all the embryos are retained. The whole edible part is still more than 95% of the endosperm or cotyledon, which has a very limited effect on improving the overall nutritional effect, which leads to the fact that the nutritional value and effect of this embryo-containing food or brown rice is very limited.

Taking rice as an example, there are currently three types of rice on the market:

1, ordinary polished white rice (basic price of 1-3 yuan): the rice we usually eat is ordinary white rice, looks white and delicate, but only provides the most basic starch and satiety needs. The embryos of polished rice have been removed during the milling and polishing process. The ordinary white rice not only has a huge nutritional loss, but also investigations show that regular consumption of ordinary white rice increases the risk of diabetes.

2, brown rice (also known as embryonic rice, the basic price of 3-10 yuan) is to retain about 70% of the embryo and part of the rice, the value of some embryos and the cellulose of rice skin;

Edo, Japan has a long tradition of eating brown rice in history, and reports that local consumption of brown rice It is closely related to the reduction of the incidence of beriberi, and it has also achieved the famous Edo brown rice brand, which is spread in Japan and South Korea.

However, brown rice generally has a rough taste and is not easily digested, and its nutrients are not well absorbed by the human body.

3, active brown rice (active germ rice): refers to rice that can be germinated under certain conditions. It is reported that Japan has a special supporting brown rice germination machine for sale, a bowl of rice cooked after germination is priced at 50 yuan, small dish Free; domestic related research has just started, there is no such product supply yet; the applicants purchase a variety of brown rice in the supermarket to try to make it germination, 100% can not germinate.

According to common sense, the brown rice after high-temperature drying or rice milling has lost vitality even if it retains part of the seed embryo, and it is basically impossible to germinate. If the life of the seed embryo is not destroyed, the rice processing cannot be processed by food processing. It is reported that in Japan, after special expensive equipment, processing brown rice that hopes to germinate, the highest embryo germination rate of brown rice is less than 15%, generally only about 5%, resulting in a bowl of germinated brown rice for 50 yuan. In fact, if most of the brown rice that cannot be germinated will be mildewed in the germination machine, it will become the cause of food poisoning; therefore, the artificially germinated food with the vital nutrients of the brown rice or whole grain that can be germinated on the market at present. It does not exist.

Although beans have a history of making bean sprouts, bean sprouts have sprouted into plant seedlings, feed on seedling tissue, and do not have the components of the hypocotyl and cotyledon active substances.

Summary of the invention

According to the results of seed science and seed physiology and biochemistry, the seed is active in the stage of embryo germination, and a series of endosperm or cotyledon storage starch is transformed into physiological changes of various life active substances and nutrients, thereby nourishing the growth of seeds. At this stage, the edible value of the endosperm is extremely high. However, the traditional food processing process does not consider the method of food processing from the perspective of seed science. Therefore, it can only be made on the raw materials that have been subjected to high temperature and drying treatment. The grain that has caused the death of the seed embryo makes it difficult to save the vitality of the seed embryo, and it is even less likely to activate the biological activity of the endosperm or the cotyledon, and thus it is impossible to obtain a great increase in the whole grain bioactive substance; the seed of the present invention Learning thinking, based on the preservation of seed vigor, using a complete species of life The child (or the complete bean seed, etc.) is used as the raw material of the food, and the seed is first allowed to absorb water and germinate, the germination rate can reach 80-100%, and various nutrients are synthesized in the endosperm or cotyledon of the seed, and then rapidly dehydrated to terminate the growth and solidify. Nutrients, then enter the food processing sector, and appropriate choice to retain all, part or complete removal of the seed coat (including the inner and outer seed coat), at this time whether to retain 3% -5% of the embryo has little effect on the entire product. If the rice is germinated by the technique of the present invention, the embryonic rice which is completely removed from the rice husk, that is, the polished rice, the starch which has activated the whole endosperm converts a series of active nutrients, and does not intentionally retain the embryo and the rice husk to produce brown rice, after the embryo is germinated. The polished rice already has a life-active substance that is significantly improved compared to brown rice, and the whole grain has completely different functions and values from ordinary polished rice. Any other crop-fed crop can use the present invention to produce embryonic germinated food. The staple food is no longer simply saturated with carbohydrates, but becomes a natural life-active functional food. It can be safely eaten through normal meals for each meal. Natural, sustainable improvement of people's health, can be described as the revolution of the staple food.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an active embryo germination food and a preparation method thereof.

The active embryo germination food provided by the invention is a food obtained by using a living seed as a raw material, and after being germinated by the embryo, rapidly dehydrating to terminate the germination, and then performing food processing.

Preferably, the seed is a viable seed.

Wherein the endosperm or cotyledon in the seed after embryo germination has been activated and transformed into the following types of life active substances:

Various life active substances include (1) vitamins (2) proteins (3) peptides (4) amino acids (6) polysaccharides or mucopolysaccharides (7) isoflavones and flavonoids (8) Oxide (9) oligosaccharides (10) saponins (11) trace elements (12) bioactive substance precursors (13) dietary fiber. Some of these substances are subcultured. For example, embryogenic rice produces γ-aminobutyric acid and inositol. Some substances are greatly increased. For example, various microorganisms, mineral elements and amino acids will be greatly improved. The original starch and diet. The fiber is still basically maintained.

The embryonic food must pass through the viable germination process after the water is absorbed by the living vitality seed. The germination time starts from 1-168 hours of water absorption, and the time may change due to the temperature difference, and the length of the bud after germination is mainly Indicator; only the embryo germination process can mobilize the life of the seed Cycle and synthesize various life-active substances in the endosperm or cotyledons to make the whole seed a new state of life; to ensure that the buds are less than 1cm, because the buds are too long (ie greater than 1cm), all active substances have been transferred to the buds and After the growth of the later plants, it will not remain inside the seeds.

Preferably, the embryo is germinated to germination of the viable seed for 1 to 168 hours.

Preferably, the embryo is germinated to absorb the viable seed for 12-24 hours, and then germinated for 12-35 hours;

Preferably, the seed germination length of the seed after embryo germination is ≤ 1 cm, preferably ≤ 2 mm.

Wherein, the seed is saturated with water, and can be realized by various methods commonly used in the prior art such as soaking seeds, sprinkling water, and covering wet gauze. The embryo is germinated, and the temperature and humidity are controlled in accordance with the conventional germination method of the prior art to conform to the seed embryo germination conditions.

Wherein, the seed may be any plant seed with a seed as a feeding object, including but not limited to: cereal seeds, bean seeds, oil seeds, and the like.

Wherein, the dehydration may be selected from any conventional dehydration method in the seed food, such as one of drying, drying, baking, drying, air drying, and lyophilization.

Among them, the seed after germination of the embryo can completely retain the seed coat (including the inner and outer seed coats), partially remove the seed coat or completely remove the seed coat during food processing. Most of the cereal seeds need to be partially or completely removed (but if the cereal is crushed into cereals, the seed coat can be completely retained). For example, the germinated and rapidly dehydrated rice seeds, wheat seeds, barley seeds, oat seeds, buckwheat seeds, and buckwheat seeds are partially or completely removed from the inner and outer seed coats to obtain embryogenic rice (brown rice or polished rice), embryogenic wheat kernels, and embryos. Mengdamai kernel, embryonic oat kernel, embryonic glutinous rice kernel, embryogenic glutinous rice kernel. Bean seeds and oilseed seeds can retain the seed coat and can also partially or completely remove the seed coat. For example, mung bean seeds, soybean seeds, peanut seeds, etc., which are germinated and rapidly dehydrated, can be directly and completely consumed, and the seed coat can be partially or completely removed, and the embryonic green bean kernel, the embryonic yellow bean kernel, and the embryonic peanut kernel are respectively obtained.

Wherein, the food processing may include rolling processing after embryo germination. For example, the embryonic oat kernels, the embryonic ramie kernels can be removed from the seed coat, and then crushed into embryonic oat flakes and embryogenic buckwheat flakes; after the embryonic wheat kernel, embryonic barley kernel, and embryonic buckwheat kernel are partially peeled They are respectively crushed into embryonic wheat slices, embryogenic barley flakes, and embryogenic buckwheat flakes.

Wherein the food processing comprises vacuum packaging.

Wherein, the vacuum packaging, the food preservative and/or the deoxidizer are placed in the packaging bag.

The invention also provides a method of preparing the active embryo germination food, comprising the steps of:

1) germination of seed embryos with intact embryos;

2) After germination of 85-100% seed embryos, the embryo germinated seeds are rapidly dehydrated to terminate their growth before the embryo germination length is 1 cm;

3) The dehydrated embryo germinated seeds are subjected to food processing to obtain an active embryo germination food.

Preferably, the seed having intact embryos has a germination rate of 85-100%.

Preferably, the seed embryo germination in step 2) comprises more than 90% seed embryo germination, preferably 98-100% seed embryo germination.

Wherein, the conventional seed food processing comprises vacuum packaging, and one or more of the seed coat, the partial removal of the seed coat or the complete removal of the seed coat and the rolling process may be selected.

The seed germinated by the embryo is rich in living active substances, and the active embryo germinated food obtained by the present invention and the original non-germinated seed have a difference of 1 to hundreds in various living active substances.

Taking rice as an example, the nutrients contained in the prepared active germ germination food of rice are slightly lower than the ordinary refined rice, and the protein, fat, vitamin B1 and vitamin E are higher than ordinary polished rice. Γ-aminobutyric acid and inositol (IP-6) are newly produced substances;

Doctors believe that when human brain lacks gamma-aminobutyric acid, it is easy to cause mental anxiety or Alzheimer's disease. Γ-aminobutyric acid, a kind of human inhibitory neurotransmitter, is a physiologically active ingredient that has the effects of improving cerebral blood circulation, regulating blood pressure, and calming nerves. 4-75mg/100g of γ-aminobutyric acid is produced in the embryogenic rice. Long-term consumption of embryogenic rice can lower blood pressure, stabilize nerves, improve kidney and liver function, and prevent and inhibit the formation of cancer cells.

Inositol (IP-6) is a naturally occurring compound found mainly in cereals. It is a broad-spectrum anti-cancer cocktail that enhances immune system function, helps lower cholesterol, prevents kidney stones and diabetic complications, and reduces cardiovascular disease. Risks, including heart disease, stroke, etc. The health benefits of a high fiber diet are high levels of IP-6 in cellulose and more IP-6 in embryonic foods.

Detailed ways

The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Example 1

Soak the rice seeds in water for 1 day, then put them into the appropriate temperature and humidity conditions (refer to the conditions of general rice seed germination), and change the water once a day. After 2-3 days, see the white buds of the rice. The rice is quickly exposed to the sun until the water quality percentage drops to the food drying standard. It is placed in a brown rice machine or a rice machine, crushed into brown rice (or polished rice), and vacuum packed to form an active embryo. Fine) meters.

Example 2

The rice seeds are fully absorbed first, then placed in a germination box, sprinkled once a day, kept moist. After 2-3 days, the rice is exposed to white germination, the rice is removed from the germination box, and quickly dried in a dryer. Until the moisture content percentage drops below 10%, it is placed in a rough (fine) rice machine, crushed into rough (fine) rice, and weighed in a vacuum package to form an active embryo germinating rice.

Example 3

Put the seeds of the glutinous rice in the germination box, sprinkle the water every day to keep it moist. After 2-3 days, see the white germination of the rice, take the glutinous rice out of the germination box, and quickly dry it in the dryer until the moisture content drops to the food. The drying standard is then placed in a rough (fine) rice machine, crushed into rough (fine) rice, and weighed in a vacuum package to form an active embryo germinated rice.

Example 4

Seeds are germinated under appropriate temperature and humidity conditions. After the germination of the wheat kernels, the wheat kernels are quickly exposed to sunlight, until the moisture content falls to the food drying standard, and the wheat kernels are crushed and the vacuum is weighed. Packaging, the formation of active embryonic wheat kernels.

Example 5

The barley seeds are germinated under appropriate temperature and humidity conditions. After the germination of the granules, the granules are quickly exposed to sunlight, until the moisture content drops to the safe moisture content of the food, and is properly baked. Milled into wheat kernels, weighed in vacuum packaging, put deoxidizer in the packaging bag, increase storage time, and form active embryogenic barley kernel.

Example 6

Seed germination of oat seeds under suitable temperature and humidity conditions. After germination, the wheat granules are quickly exposed to sunlight, or baked in a baking machine until the moisture content drops to the food safety water content. Standard, crushed into wheat kernels, weighed in vacuum packaging, and formed active embryos to germinate oat kernels. It can also be processed into active embryogenic oatmeal, or placed in food anti-corrosion isolation pouch to extend the shelf life of the product.

Example 7

The seeds of the buckwheat granules are germinated under appropriate temperature and humidity conditions. After all the granules are germinated, the granules are quickly dehydrated and dried until the moisture content falls to the food drying standard, and the wheat kernels are crushed and the vacuum is weighed. Packaging, the formation of active embryonic buckwheat kernels; can also be processed into active germs and cereals.

Example 8

The buckwheat seeds are germinated in the germination box, and after germination, they are quickly dried and dehydrated in a lyophilizer until the moisture content drops to the safe water content of the food, and then baked until the aroma is just emitted, rapidly cooled to room temperature, and the vacuum is weighed. Packaging, the formation of active embryonic buckwheat tea, can also be crushed into active embryos and buckwheat flakes tea, more convenient to brew buckwheat tea with more aroma.

Example 9

The seeds of the mung bean seeds are germinated under appropriate temperature and humidity conditions. After all the germination of the beans are observed, the beans are quickly dehydrated and dried until the moisture content falls to the food safety water content standard, and the vacuum packaging or weighing into the beans is carried out. After weighing and packaging, it forms active embryos, green beans or mung bean kernels.

Example 10

The seeds of soybean (soybean) are germinated under suitable temperature and humidity conditions. After all the granules are germinated, the beans are quickly dehydrated and dried until the moisture content falls below the food safety water content standard. The vacuum packaging is weighed to form an activity. Embryo soy bean (soybean).

Example 11

Peanut seeds are germinated under appropriate temperature and humidity conditions to see peanuts After all germination, it is quickly dehydrated and dried until the moisture content falls to the food safety water content standard. After weighing the vacuum packaging or peeling, the active embryogenic peanut or the active embryonic peanut kernel is formed.

Comparative example 1

In the case of rice, the inventors compared the nutrients of ordinary polished rice and the active embryo germinated rice of the present invention, and the germinated activated brown rice was not purchased in China, and the active brown rice in Japan sold the germination machine to the user, and the user sprouted. Boiled, can not be purchased, the applicant purchased a variety of brown rice for germination in the market, the results are 100% can not germinate, so can not provide the comparison of the nutrients of the active brown rice and the active embryo germinating rice of the present invention, even in Japan The highest germination rate of the active brown rice reported is also less than 15%, generally only about 5%, far lower than the level of the complete seed germination rate of the present invention of 80%-100%.

This comparative example finally compares the nutrients of ordinary polished rice, brown rice and the active embryo germinated rice (fine rice) of the present invention. Among them, the brown rice is a commercially available product, and the ordinary polished rice is obtained according to the present invention. The germinated milled control rice and the active embryo germinated rice of the present invention are obtained by the method of Example 1, and the comparison results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Comparison table of nutrients of rice obtained by different processing methods (unit: mg/100g)

Other cereal seeds have similar effects and are not limited to rice.

Comparative example 2

In this example, it is also impossible to obtain a control sample of any domestic and foreign embryogenic soybean products, and only the raw soybean seed of the present invention is sampled before germination to obtain a common soybean sample, and then the active product of the embryogenic soybean is prepared by the present invention. Test comparison.

Table 2: Comparison of various parameters of soybean (soybean) germination products and non-germinated products (unit mg/100g)

Other beans have similar effects, not limited to soybeans.

Although the invention has been described in detail above with the general description and specific embodiments, it also exemplifies the rapid increase of various life active substances after cereal germination and bean germination. These changes can be reflected in the patent method. Embryo germination process of any crop seed It will be the basis for the preparation of the best raw material for the embryonic food and the curing period of the active material of the embryonic product, and some modifications or improvements can be made on the basis of the present invention, which will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, such modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Industrial applicability

The invention provides an active embryo germinating food and a preparation method thereof. The invention stops the growth by rapid dehydration of the seed embryo after germination, and then processes the conventional cereal food to obtain an active embryo germination food. Compared with the existing non-germinated foods, the active germ germination food provided by the present invention has significant differences in various life active substances. In the case of rice, the prepared nutrients of the rice active embryo germinated foods are low in starch content compared with white rice. In addition, protein, fat, vitamin B1, vitamin E, IP-6, γ-aminobutyric acid, etc. are higher than fine white rice, and have good economic value and application prospects.

Claims (9)

An active embryo germinated food characterized in that, after living embryos are used as raw materials, after embryo germination, rapid dehydration is terminated to continue germination, and then the food obtained by drying is processed. The active embryo germinating food according to claim 1, wherein the seed is a viable seed. The active embryo germinating food according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the embryo is germinated to germination of the viable seed for 1-168 hours; preferably, water absorption for 12-24 hours, and germination for 12-35 hours. The active embryo germinating food according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the seed germination length of the seed after embryo germination is ≤ 1 cm, preferably ≤ 2 mm. The active embryo germinating food according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the seed is any cereal seed, bean seed or oil seed. The active embryo germinating food according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the dehydration is dehydration after germination, and is one or more selected from the group consisting of exposure, drying, baking, dryness, air drying, and lyophilization. The active embryo germinated food according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the seed after germination of the embryo completely retains the seed coat, partially removes the seed coat or completely removes one of the seed coats during food processing. The active embryo germinating food according to claim 7, wherein the food processing comprises a rolling process and a vacuum packaging after embryo germination. A method of preparing an active embryo germination food according to any one of claims 1-8, comprising the steps of: 1) germination of seeds with intact embryos; 2) After germination of 85-100% seed embryos, the embryo germinated seeds are rapidly dehydrated to terminate their growth before the embryo germination length is 1 cm; 3) The dehydrated embryo germinated seeds are subjected to food processing to obtain an active embryo germination food.