WO2019042157A1 - Comprehensive resourceful treatment system for electronic waste and method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed are a comprehensive resourceful treatment system for electronic waste and a method therefor. The treatment method comprises the following steps: 1) pellet sintering; 2) plasma gasification melting; 3) oil preparation from a smelting smoke; and 4) valuable metal recovering. The method can be popularized and applied to the field of the resourceful recovery of the solid waste formed by mixing similar organic substances with metallic materials.

Description

Electronic waste comprehensive resource processing system and method thereof Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of electronic waste disposal, in particular to an electronic waste comprehensive resource treatment system and a method thereof.

Background technique

E-waste, commonly known as “e-waste”, refers to the waste generated in the production process of electronic and electrical products and the electronic and electrical equipment that is discarded and is no longer used. It has a wide variety and complex composition, involving various fields of industrial production and residents' life. . With the rapid development of the electronic information industry and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the speed of electronic product replacement has gradually accelerated. The annual global production of electronic waste is as high as 40-50 million tons, and still grows by 5-10% annually. The increase in the rate poses a huge threat to the global ecological environment. Due to different application functions, working principles, and manufacturing processes, the structure of electronic products varies greatly. The composition and content of metals, plastics, ceramics, etc. contained in them are also different. The efficient recycling of electronic waste has become One of the difficult problems to be solved.

At present, the common practice in industrial processing of electronic waste is to manually or semi-automatically disassemble plastic or metal casings, common parts, hazardous parts or materials, circuit boards, and the like. Some ordinary parts are directly downgraded after passing the test; the outer casing and the non-recyclable ordinary parts can be obtained by mechanical crushing and sorting to obtain plastic, metal, ceramic and other pellets, which are recycled and reused after simple recycling; mobile phone batteries, Harmful parts such as printer ink cartridges and hazardous materials such as phosphors and liquid refrigerants are disposed of by specialized processing companies. The circuit board with the highest recycling value does not currently have a wide range of applicable technologies, such as wide applicability, strong operation, and economical and environmentally friendly recycling technology. . Companies such as Umicore in Belgium, Xstrata in Canada, and Boliden in Sweden have developed high-temperature smelting technology to treat electronic waste and other solid wastes containing precious metals. According to the design of smelting equipment, raw material compatibility scheme, smelting conditions, slag type selection and product composition The design of flue gas aftertreatment system is quite different, but its basic principle is similar. The use of heavy metals to capture precious metals achieves efficient recovery of precious metals. The organic materials in electronic waste are burned in high temperature conditions to provide heat for the smelting process. Reducing atmosphere. Although the high-temperature melting technology has a relatively successful industrial implementation example, its investment cost is huge, and it is limited by the temperature requirements of the traditional pyrometallurgical furnace, and has strict restrictions on the raw material composition.

In response to the recycling of e-waste, scholars from various countries have carried out extensive research. The research focuses on the recovery of precious metals and copper in waste circuit boards. The methods used include mechanical physical treatment technology, pyrometallurgical technology, and wet Metallurgical technology, biological treatment technology, etc. In addition, more and more researchers have begun to pay attention to the recycling of organic materials such as resins in waste circuit boards, and developed new technologies such as thermal cracking technology and supercritical fluid method, plasma method and ionic liquid method.

In the prior art, the Chinese invention patent No. CN102284472A proposes a method for decontaminating a circuit board by pyrolysis combined with plasma discharge. The method realizes the separation of metal and non-metal in the circuit board and the discharge of pollutants, but the treatment of the organic components in the circuit board is limited to harmless, and the resources cannot be recycled. The Chinese invention patent No. CN106642159A proposes a rotary kiln and plasma gasification co-resource hazardous waste treatment system. The system utilizes the respective advantages of rotary kiln and plasma gasification technology to realize the harmless disposal of hazardous waste. However, the smooth operation of the system depends on the stable conversion and connection of materials and energy between the various equipments in the system, especially for the stability of raw materials. The Chinese invention patent with the authorization number CN1014238998B proposes a vacuum pyrolysis waste circuit board method, which obtains pyrolysis oil, cracking slag and pyrolysis gas, and the pyrolysis gas serves as a fuel to provide energy for the pyrolysis process, and the method realizes The organic component is fully utilized, but the pyrolysis temperature is low, and the pyrolysis gas is condensed after the temperature is lowered during the collection process, which is likely to cause blockage of the pipeline, and requires a vacuum environment, which requires high equipment.

In summary, the recycling methods of various electronic wastes still face various problems, and the realization of e-waste resources and harmless treatment with low cost, short process and high efficiency is still the research focus in the field of resource recycling.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide an electronic waste comprehensive resource processing system with full utilization of resources and no secondary pollution, and also provides an electronic waste comprehensive resource processing method with economical environmental protection, short process and high efficiency. To achieve efficient recycling of organic matter and valuable metals in electronic waste.

To achieve the above object, an integrated waste recycling method for electronic waste provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:

1) Sintering of pellets: firstly cutting and breaking electronic waste into e-waste pellets, then uniformly mixing the e-waste pellets with slag-forming agent and binder, and then sintering to obtain agglomerates, and simultaneously generating sintering gas ;

2) Plasma gasification smelting: the agglomerate obtained in step 1) and coke are alternately put into a plasma gasification melting furnace, and the two are alternately arranged in layers, and the sintering gas generated in the step 1) is mixed with the oxygen-enriched air. After that, the blasting port of the lower portion of the plasma gasification melting furnace is subjected to combustion treatment, and the generated smelting flue gas is discharged from the upper air outlet of the furnace body, and the obtained molten liquid is discharged from the liquid outlet of the furnace body bottom;

3) smelting flue gas to make oil: the smelting flue gas obtained in step 2) is rapidly cooled to below 200 ° C, and the heat released during the quenching process is recovered by a waste heat boiler, and the cooled flue gas is separated by dust collecting treatment to separate the dust removing gas and Soot, the dedusting gas is sequentially processed into an oil product by alkali absorption, gas reforming, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, and refining processing, and the soot is used for extracting and recovering volatile metals;

4) Valuable metal recovery: The molten metal obtained in the step 2) is thermally settled, and the slag and the molten metal liquid are separated under the action of gravity, and the slag is collected and used as a building material, and the molten metal liquid is passed through the ingot. After the electrolytic treatment, a cathode copper product and an anode slime are obtained, and the anode slime is used for extracting and recovering rare metal.

Further, in the step 1), the mass ratio of the electronic waste pellet, the slag forming agent, and the binder is 1:0.1 to 0.6:0.1 to 0.3.

Preferably, in the step 1), the mass ratio of the electronic waste pellets, the slag forming agent and the binder is 1:0.2 to 0.5:0.1 to 0.2.

Preferably, in the step 1), the mass ratio of the electronic waste pellet, the slag forming agent and the binder is 1:0.3 to 0.4:0.1 to 0.2.

Further, in the step 1), the particle size of the electronic waste pellets is 0.1 to 20 mm.

Preferably, in the step 1), the electronic waste pellets have a particle size of 2 to 10 mm.

Most preferably, in the step 1), the electronic waste pellets have a particle size of 5 to 8 mm.

Further, in the step 1), the slagging agent is one or more of limestone, calcite, dolomite, quartz sand, magnesite, and serpentine.

Further, in the step 1), the binder is one or more of lime, paraffin, bentonite, clay, diatomaceous earth, and peat.

Further, in the step 1), the sintering treatment is performed by an N ₂ -protected indirect heating sintering method, and the sintering temperature is 500 to 800 ° C.

Preferably, in the step 1), the sintering treatment adopts an N ₂ -protected indirect heating sintering method, and the sintering temperature is 600 to 700 ° C.

Further, in the step 2), the mass ratio of the agglomerate to the coke is 1:0.5 to 1.5.

Preferably, in the step 2), the mass ratio of the agglomerate to the coke is 1:0.6 to 1.2.

Most preferably, in the step 2), the mass ratio of the agglomerate to the coke is 1:1 to 1.1.

Further, in the step 2), the temperature of the melting zone in the plasma gasification melting furnace is 1400 to 1600 °C.

Further, in the step 2), the outlet temperature of the smelting flue gas is 800 to 1200 °C.

Preferably, in the step 2), the outlet temperature of the smelting flue gas is 900 to 1100 °C.

Further, in the step 4), the temperature of the heat preservation sedimentation process is maintained at 1000 to 1200 °C.

Preferably, in the step 4), the temperature of the heat preservation sedimentation process is maintained at 1100 to 1150 °C.

The present invention also provides a system for implementing the above-described electronic waste comprehensive resource processing method, comprising a pretreatment device, a plasma gasification smelting device, a flue gas resource device, and a valuable metal extraction device; The gas outlet is connected to the air vent of the plasma gasification smelting device, and the discharge port of the pretreatment device is connected to the feed port of the plasma gasification smelting device; the flue gas outlet and the flue gas resource of the plasma gasification smelting device The inlet of the chemical unit is connected, and the melt outlet of the plasma gasification smelting unit is connected to the inlet of the valuable metal extraction unit.

Further, the pretreatment device comprises a raw material silo, a first conveyor, a shear crusher, a second conveyor, a slag forming agent silo, a third conveyor, a binder silo, a fourth conveyor, Mixer, fifth conveyor, closed sintering machine, sixth conveyor, sintering furnace heating furnace, sintering exhaust gas collector, sintering exhaust gas pipeline, oxygen plant, oxygen-rich pipeline, gas mixing tank, intake pipeline, coke Silo and seventh conveyor;

The discharge port of the raw material silo, the first conveyor, the shear crusher and the second conveyor are connected in sequence, and the discharge port of the slag agent silo is connected with the feeding end of the third conveyor. The discharge port of the binder silo is connected to the feed end of the fourth conveyor, the discharge end of the second conveyor, the discharge end of the third conveyor, and the discharge end of the fourth conveyor are Connected to the feed port of the mixer;

The mixing machine, the fifth conveyor, the closed sintering machine, and the sixth conveyor are sequentially connected, and an inlet of the sintering exhaust gas collector is connected to an air outlet of the closed sintering machine, and the sintering exhaust gas collector is The gas outlet is connected to the tail gas inlet of the gas mixing chamber through the sintering exhaust gas pipeline; the oxygen inlet of the oxygen generating station is connected to the air inlet of the gas mixing chamber through the oxygen-rich pipeline, and the discharge port and the seventh conveying of the coke silo The feeding end of the machine is connected; a first flow meter is arranged on the pipeline of the sintering exhaust gas pipeline; and a second flow meter is arranged on the pipeline of the oxygen-rich pipeline.

Further, the plasma gasification smelting apparatus includes a plasma furnace, a melt chute, and a flue gas duct;

The plasma furnace is provided with a feed port, a blast port, a melt outlet, and a flue gas outlet; the discharge end of the sixth conveyor and the discharge end of the seventh conveyor are connected to the feed port of the plasma furnace The gas outlet of the gas mixing chamber is connected to the air outlet of the plasma furnace through an air inlet duct, and the melt outlet of the plasma furnace is connected to the liquid inlet of the melt chute, and the flue gas outlet and the flue gas of the plasma furnace The air inlets of the pipes are connected.

Further, the flue gas outlet is disposed at the top of the plasma furnace, the melt outlet is disposed at the bottom of the plasma furnace, the tuyere is disposed at a middle portion of the plasma furnace, and the feed port is located at the flue gas outlet and the tuyere The air vents are arranged in a single layer or a double layer along the longitudinal direction of the plasma furnace, and the number of each layer is 3 to 12; the number of the exhaust ports is 1 to 4, and is connected to the exhaust port. The front part of the exhaust pipe is provided with a 2-6 stage baffle; the lower part of the plasma furnace is provided with a plasma torch along a circumferential direction thereof, and the plasma torch is located between the air blowing port and the melt outlet, and the number is 3-12 support.

Further, the flue gas resourceizing device comprises a pure water tank, a quenching tower, a hot water pipeline, a filter, a waste heat boiler, a first gas pipeline, a cyclone dust collector, a second gas pipeline, a bag dust collector, and a third a gas pipeline, an alkali suction tower, a fourth gas pipeline, a water vapor reforming tower, a fifth gas pipeline, a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis tower, a gas circulation pipeline, a primary oil pipeline, a refined distillation tower, and a refined oil output pipeline;

The water outlet of the pure water tank is connected to the cold water inlet of the upper part of the quenching tower, and the gas outlet of the flue gas duct is connected with the air inlet of the lower part of the quenching tower, and the hot water outlet of the bottom of the quenching tower passes through the hot water pipeline Connected to the filter and the waste heat boiler in sequence;

The exhaust port at the top of the quenching tower and the first gas pipeline, the cyclone dust collector, the second gas pipeline, the bag filter, the third gas pipeline, the alkali suction tower, the fourth gas pipeline, the water vapor reforming tower, The fifth gas pipeline, the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis tower, the primary oil pipeline, the refined distillation tower, and the refined oil output pipeline are connected in sequence; the gas outlet of the top of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis tower is connected to the inlet of the steam reforming tower through the gas circulation pipeline .

Further, the flue gas resource utilization device further includes a sludge bin, a first-stage ash collection bin, and a second-stage ash collection bin, wherein the sludge bin is disposed at a bottom of the filter and disposed opposite to the sludge outlet; The level ash collection bin is arranged at the bottom of the cyclone dust collector and is arranged opposite to the ash outlet; the second ash collection bin is arranged at the bottom of the bag filter and directly arranged opposite to the ash outlet.

Further, the valuable metal extraction device comprises a holding furnace, an alloy chute, a disc ingot casting machine, a transfer device, an electrolysis tank, a slag chute, and a glass drawing machine;

The liquid outlet of the melt chute is connected to the liquid inlet of the top of the holding furnace, and the alloy outlet at the bottom of the holding furnace is sequentially connected with the alloy chute and the disc ingot machine, and the transfer device is arranged in the disc casting machine. Between the electrolysis tank and the electrolysis tank; the slag outlet of the upper part of the holding furnace is connected to the slag chute and the glass drawing machine in sequence.

Further, the second conveyor, the third conveyor, the fourth conveyor, the sixth conveyor, and the seventh conveyor are all conveyors with weighing and weighing devices, and the closed sintering machine adopts N ₂ A sintering machine for protecting indirect heating; a CO detecting device and an O ₂ detecting device are disposed in the gas mixing chamber.

The basic principle of the invention is:

The organic materials used in electronic products are generally thermosetting, stable at temperatures below 200 ° C, and remelted at higher temperatures, and synergistic with special binders to slag-forming agents It is bonded to the e-waste pellets and cooled to obtain a blocky product of moderate hardness. The sintering process is carried out under a protective atmosphere of N ₂ , and the material is heated to 500-800 ° C by indirect heating, avoiding the optimal temperature range of dioxins from 300 to 500 ° C, and avoiding the formation of harmful gas dioxins as much as possible. .

The sintering exhaust gas may contain organic gas and is passed through a plasma gasification melting furnace for high temperature treatment to eliminate pollution. After the sintering tail gas is mixed with air or oxygen-enriched air, it enters the furnace from the lower air blast port of the plasma gasification melting furnace, and reacts with the agglomerate and coke. The column of the agglomerate and the coke is gradually moved downward, and the coke acts as a fuel, a reducing agent, a column skeleton and a syngas carbon source in the smelting process. By adjusting the plasma torch input power, the temperature of the smelting zone is controlled at 1400-1600 ° C, the organic matter gasification rises, the upper column is preheated, and the inorganic components are remelted to form a molten liquid, which is collected at the bottom of the furnace body.

The smelting flue gas is quenched to below 200 °C, avoiding the formation of harmful gas dioxin. The heat released by the quenching process is recovered by the waste heat boiler. After the cooled flue gas is collected by the cyclone, and the bag is dusted, the ash is separated. The volatile metals contained in the mixture are comprehensively recovered, and the dust removal gas is absorbed by the alkali, and the synthesis gas having the main active components of H ₂ and CO is purified, and the synthetic oil is further prepared through gas reforming, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, and refining processing.

Due to the large fluctuation of the composition of the electronic waste, the amount of additives such as slag-forming agent and binder is not fixed, and the relative content of the metal phase and the slag phase in the melt obtained after the smelting changes greatly, which is to reduce the stability of the process. Sexual requirements, reduce the difficulty of furnace design, set the thermal insulation and sedimentation process after the smelting process, and use the large density difference between the slag and the molten metal to fully separate the two under gravity and reduce the subsequent metal recovery. The amount of waste slag generated in the process increases the metal recovery rate. The slag can be used as a building material, and the molten copper ingot is electrolyzed to obtain a cathode copper product and an anode slime, and the anode slime is used for recovery and extraction of rare precious metals.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

First, in the present invention, the electronic waste can be crushed by the whole machine or only the parts to be recycled are crushed, the granularity of the pellets is required to be low, the energy consumption of the crushing process can be greatly saved, the dust pollution of the crushing process is reduced, and the pellets need not be divided. selected.

Secondly, the invention fully utilizes various non-metal materials in the electronic waste, wherein the organic material can replace some special binders, and ceramics, glass, glass fiber and the like can replace part of the slag forming agent, thereby greatly reducing the flux consumption. Quantity, reducing costs.

Third, the medium ion gasification smelting temperature of the invention is high, and the organic matter can be fully cracked, and at the same time, the components of ceramics, glass, glass fiber and the like in the electronic waste are melted, and the composition requirements of the electronic waste are low.

Fourthly, the present invention provides a process of harmlessness of sintering gas, waste heat recovery and harmlessness of smelting flue gas, exhaust gas resource utilization, and comprehensive metal recovery in a short process flow, thereby realizing the complete detoxification of electronic waste. , reduction, resource utilization, this method can be applied to the field of resource recycling of solid waste mixed with similar organic and metal materials.

DRAWINGS

1 is a process flow diagram of an integrated method for recycling electronic waste;

2 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure of an electronic waste recycling system;

Figure 3 is a schematic enlarged view of the pretreatment apparatus of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a schematic enlarged plan view of the plasma furnace of the medium ion gasification smelting apparatus of Figure 2;

Figure 5 is a schematic enlarged view of the flue gas resource utilization device of Figure 2;

Figure 6 is a schematic enlarged view of the valuable metal extraction device of Figure 2;

The devices or components in the figure are labeled as follows:

The pretreatment apparatus 1 includes a raw material silo 101, a first conveyor 102, a shear crusher 103, a second conveyor 104, a slag forming agent silo 105, a third conveyor 106, a binder silo 107, and a Four conveyors 108, a mixer 109, a fifth conveyor 110, a closed sintering machine 111, a sixth conveyor 112, a sintering furnace heating furnace 113, a sintering exhaust gas collector 114, a sintering exhaust gas line 115, and a first flow meter 116 The oxygen generation station 117, the oxygen-enriched conduit 118, the second flow meter 119, the gas mixing chamber 120, the intake duct 121, the coke silo 122, and the seventh conveyor 123.

The plasma gasification smelting apparatus 2 includes a plasma furnace 201 (in which: a feed port a, a blast port b, a plasma torch c, a melt outlet d, a flue gas outlet e), a melt chute 202, and a flue gas duct 203.

The flue gas resource generating device 3 includes a pure water tank 301, a quenching tower 302, a hot water pipe 303, a filter 304, a waste heat boiler 305, a sludge bin 306, a first gas pipe 307, a cyclone dust collector 308, and a primary ash. The collection bin 309, the second gas pipe 310, the bag filter 311, the second ash collection bin 312, the third gas pipe 313, the alkali suction tower 314, the fourth gas pipe 315, the water vapor reforming tower 316, and the fifth gas pipe 317, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis tower 318, gas circulation pipeline 319, primary oil pipeline 320, refined distillation column 321, and product oil output pipe 322.

The valuable metal extraction device 4 includes a holding furnace 401, an alloy chute 402, a disk ingot casting machine 403, a transfer device 404, an electrolytic cell 405, a slag chute 406, and a glass drawing machine 407.

Detailed ways

The invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

Embodiment 1: A method for comprehensively recycling electronic waste includes the following steps:

1) Sintering of pellets: firstly, the waste computer mainframe is cut into pieces of e-waste pellets with a particle size of 5-10 mm, and then the mass ratio of e-waste pellets to slagging agent and binder is 1:0.5: After uniformly mixing, the N ₂ -protected indirect heating sintering method is used to carry out sintering treatment at a temperature of 600 ° C to obtain a sintered mass, and at the same time, a sintering gas is formed; wherein the slag forming agent is limestone and quartz sand mixed at a mass ratio of 2:3. The binder is bentonite;

2) Plasma gasification smelting: the agglomerates obtained in the step 1) and the coke are alternately introduced into the plasma gasification melting furnace at a mass ratio of 1:0.7, so that the two are longitudinally arranged in layers, and the steps 1) are simultaneously produced. After the sinter gas is collected, it is mixed with oxygen-enriched air and then passed into the blast port of the lower part of the plasma gasification smelting furnace for combustion treatment. The smelting zone temperature is controlled at 1450-1500 ° C, and the generated smelting flue gas is discharged from the upper gas outlet of the furnace body, and exhausted. The temperature of the mouth smelting flue gas is 920 ° C, and the obtained melt is discharged from the liquid outlet of the bottom of the furnace body;

3) Melting flue gas to oil: the smelting flue gas obtained in step 2) is rapidly cooled to below 200 ° C, and the heat released during the quenching process is recovered by the waste heat boiler. After the cooled flue gas is collected by the cyclone, the bag is dusted and treated. The dust removal gas and soot are separated, and the dust removal gas is subjected to alkali absorption, and the volume ratio of H ₂ to CO is adjusted to 1.7:1. At 200 ° C and 2.0 MPa, a cobalt-based catalyst is added for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, and the product is further refined. Processed into oil products, used to extract and recover volatile metals;

4) Valuable metal recovery: The molten metal obtained in step 2) is thermally settled under the condition of temperature of 1000 ° C, and the molten slag and molten metal liquid are separated under gravity, and the molten slag is collected and used as a building material, and the molten metal is used. The liquid is subjected to ingot casting and electrolytic treatment to obtain cathode copper product and anode slime. The anode mud is used for extracting and recovering rare metal. The recovery rate of Cu is 99.28%, the Au recovery rate is 99.98%, and the Ag recovery rate is 99.87%. Platinum The metal group recovery rate was 99.65%.

Embodiment 2: An electronic waste comprehensive resource processing method includes the following steps:

1) Sintering of pellets: Firstly, the board of the discarded CRT TV is cut into pieces of electronic waste pellets with a particle size of 10-15 mm, and then the mass ratio of the e-waste pellets to the slagging agent and binder is 1: After 0.4:0.1 uniform mixing, the N ₂ -protected indirect heating sintering method is used to carry out sintering treatment at a temperature of 600 ° C to obtain a sintered block, and at the same time, a sintering gas is formed; wherein the slag forming agent is limestone, dolomite and quartz sand according to mass ratio 2:1:1 mixed, the binder is peat;

2) Plasma gasification smelting: the agglomerate obtained by the step 1) and the coke are alternately introduced into the plasma gasification melting furnace at a mass ratio of 1:0.6, so that the two are longitudinally arranged in layers, and the steps 1) are simultaneously produced. After the sinter gas is collected, it is mixed with oxygen-enriched air and then passed into the blast port of the lower part of the plasma gasification smelting furnace for combustion treatment. The temperature of the smelting zone is controlled at 1500 to 1550 ° C, and the generated smelting flue gas is discharged from the upper gas outlet of the furnace body, and exhausted. The temperature of the mouth smelting flue gas is 890 ° C, and the obtained melt is discharged from the liquid outlet of the bottom of the furnace body;

3) Melting flue gas to oil: the smelting flue gas obtained in step 2) is rapidly cooled to below 200 ° C, and the heat released during the quenching process is recovered by the waste heat boiler. After the cooled flue gas is collected by the cyclone, the bag is dusted and treated. The dust removal gas and soot are separated, and the dust removal gas is subjected to alkali absorption, and the volume ratio of H ₂ to CO is adjusted to 1.6:1. At 270 ° C and 2.0 MPa, an iron-based catalyst is added for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, and the product is further refined. Processed into oil products, used to extract and recover volatile metals;

4) Valuable metal recovery: The molten metal obtained in step 2) is thermally settled under the condition of temperature of 1030 ° C, and the slag and molten metal liquid are separated under gravity, and the slag is collected and used as a building material, and the molten metal is used. The liquid is subjected to ingot casting and electrolytic treatment to obtain a cathode copper product and an anode slime. The anode mud is used for extracting and recovering rare precious metals. The recovery rate of Cu is 98.46%, the Au recovery rate is 99.86%, and the Ag recovery rate is 98.43%.

Embodiment 3: A method for comprehensively recycling electronic waste includes the following steps:

1) Sintering of pellets: Firstly, the discarded mobile phone is cut into pieces of electronic waste pellets with a particle size of 0.1 to 3 mm, and then the mass ratio of the electronic waste pellets to the slagging agent and binder is 1:0.5:0.1. After uniform mixing, the N ₂ -protected indirect heating sintering method is used to carry out sintering treatment at a temperature of 780 ° C to obtain a sintered block, and at the same time, a sintering gas is formed; wherein the slag forming agent is a mixture of limestone and quartz sand at a mass ratio of 2:3. The binder is clay;

2) Plasma gasification smelting: the agglomerate obtained by the step 1) and the coke are alternately introduced into the plasma gasification melting furnace at a mass ratio of 1:1, so that the two are longitudinally arranged in layers, and the steps 1) are simultaneously produced. After the sinter gas is collected, it is mixed with oxygen-enriched air and then passed into the blast port of the lower part of the plasma gasification smelting furnace for combustion treatment. The temperature of the smelting zone is controlled at 1520 to 1570 ° C, and the generated smelting flue gas is discharged from the upper gas outlet of the furnace body, and exhausted. The temperature of the mouth smelting flue gas is 1020 ° C, and the obtained melt is discharged from the liquid outlet of the bottom of the furnace body;

3) Melting flue gas to oil: the smelting flue gas obtained in step 2) is rapidly cooled to below 200 ° C, and the heat released during the quenching process is recovered by the waste heat boiler. After the cooled flue gas is collected by the cyclone, the bag is dusted and treated. The dust removal gas and soot are separated, and the dust removal gas is subjected to alkali absorption, and the volume ratio of H ₂ to CO is adjusted to 1.8:1. At 230 ° C and 2.0 MPa, a cobalt-based catalyst is added for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, and the product is further refined. Processed into oil products, used to extract and recover volatile metals;

4) Valuable metal recovery: The molten metal obtained in step 2) is thermally settled under the condition of temperature of 1100 ° C, and the slag and molten metal liquid are separated under gravity, and the slag is collected and used as a building material, and the molten metal is used. The liquid is subjected to ingot casting and electrolytic treatment to obtain cathode copper product and anode slime. The anode mud is used for extracting and recovering rare metal. The recovery rate of Cu is 99.46%, the Au recovery rate is 99.93%, and the Ag recovery rate is 99.76%. Platinum The metal group recovery rate was 99.30%.

Embodiment 4: A method for comprehensively recycling electronic waste includes the following steps:

1) Sintering of pellets: firstly, the discarded mobile phone is cut into pieces of e-waste pellets with a particle size of 15-20 mm, and then the mass ratio of e-waste pellets to slagging agent and binder is 1:0.1:0.3. After uniformly mixing, the indirect heating sintering method using N ₂ protection is performed at a temperature of 500 ° C to obtain a sintered block, and at the same time, a sintering gas is generated; wherein the slag forming agent is calcite and magnesite mixed at a mass ratio of 2:3. The binder is lime and paraffin mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1;

2) Plasma gasification smelting: the agglomerates obtained in the step 1) and the coke are alternately introduced into the plasma gasification melting furnace at a mass ratio of 1:0.5, so that the two are longitudinally arranged in layers, and the steps 1) are simultaneously produced. After the sinter gas is collected, it is mixed with oxygen-enriched air and then passed into the blast port of the lower part of the plasma gasification smelting furnace for combustion treatment. The temperature of the smelting zone is controlled at 1400 to 1450 ° C, and the generated smelting flue gas is discharged from the upper gas outlet of the furnace body, and exhausted. The temperature of the mouth smelting flue gas is 800 ° C, and the obtained melt is discharged from the liquid outlet of the bottom of the furnace body;

3) Melting flue gas to oil: the smelting flue gas obtained in step 2) is rapidly cooled to below 200 ° C, and the heat released during the quenching process is recovered by the waste heat boiler. After the cooled flue gas is collected by the cyclone, the bag is dusted and treated. The dust removal gas and soot are separated, and the dust removal gas is subjected to alkali absorption, and the volume ratio of H ₂ to CO is adjusted to 1.6:1. At 250 ° C and 2.0 MPa, a cobalt-based catalyst is added to carry out Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, and the product is further refined. Processed into oil products, used to extract and recover volatile metals;

4) Valuable metal recovery: The molten metal obtained in step 2) is thermally settled under the condition of temperature of 1200 ° C, and the slag and molten metal liquid are separated under gravity, and the slag is collected and used as a building material, and the molten metal is used. The liquid is subjected to ingot casting and electrolytic treatment to obtain cathode copper product and anode slime. The anode mud is used for extracting and recovering rare metal. The recovery rate of Cu is 99.56%, the Au recovery rate is 99.94%, and the Ag recovery rate is 99.77%. Platinum The metal group recovery rate was 99.35%.

Embodiment 5: A method for comprehensively recycling electronic waste includes the following steps:

1) Sintering of pellets: Firstly, the discarded computer main board is cut into pieces of electronic waste pellets with a particle size of 0.1 to 2 mm, and then the mass ratio of the electronic waste pellets to the slagging agent and the binder is 1:0.6: After uniformly mixing, the N ₂ -protected indirect heating sintering method is used to carry out sintering treatment at a temperature of 800 ° C to obtain a sintered mass, and at the same time, a sintering gas is formed; wherein the slag forming agent is limestone and serpentine mixed at a mass ratio of 2:3. And the binder is diatomaceous earth;

2) Plasma gasification smelting: the agglomerates obtained in the step 1) and the coke are alternately introduced into the plasma gasification melting furnace at a mass ratio of 1:1.5, so that the two are longitudinally arranged in layers, and the steps 1) are simultaneously produced. After the sinter gas is collected, it is mixed with oxygen-enriched air and then passed into the blast port of the lower part of the plasma gasification smelting furnace for combustion treatment. The temperature of the smelting zone is controlled at 1550 to 1600 ° C, and the generated smelting flue gas is discharged from the upper gas outlet of the furnace body, and exhausted. The temperature of the mouth smelting flue gas is 1200 ° C, and the obtained melt is discharged from the liquid outlet of the bottom of the furnace body;

3) Melting flue gas to oil: the smelting flue gas obtained in step 2) is rapidly cooled to below 200 ° C, and the heat released during the quenching process is recovered by the waste heat boiler. After the cooled flue gas is collected by the cyclone, the bag is dusted and treated. The dust removal gas and soot are separated, and the dust removal gas is subjected to alkali absorption, and the volume ratio of H ₂ to CO is adjusted to 1.8:1. At 250 ° C and 2.0 MPa, an iron-based catalyst is added for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, and the product is further refined. Processed into oil products, used to extract and recover volatile metals;

4) Valuable metal recovery: The molten metal obtained in step 2) is thermally settled under the condition of temperature of 1000 ° C, and the molten slag and molten metal liquid are separated under gravity, and the molten slag is collected and used as a building material, and the molten metal is used. The liquid is subjected to ingot casting and electrolytic treatment to obtain cathode copper product and anode slime. The anode mud is used for extracting and recovering rare metal. The recovery rate of Cu is 99.61%, the Au recovery rate is 99.95%, and the Ag recovery rate is 99.79%. Platinum The metal group recovery rate was 99.45%.

Embodiment 6: A method for comprehensively recycling electronic waste includes the following steps:

1) Sintering of pellets: Firstly, the discarded computer main board is cut into pieces of electronic waste pellets with a particle size of 0.1 to 2 mm, and then the mass ratio of e-waste pellets to slagging agent and binder is 1:0.3: After uniform mixing, the indirect heating sintering method using N ₂ protection is performed at a temperature of 800 ° C to obtain a sintered block, and at the same time, a sintering gas is formed; wherein the slag forming agent is magnesite and serpentine according to a mass ratio of 2: 3 mixed, the binder is paraffin;

2) Plasma gasification smelting: the agglomerate obtained in step 1) and coke are alternately put into a plasma gasification melting furnace at a mass ratio of 1:1.2, so that the two are alternately arranged in a layered manner, and the steps 1) are simultaneously produced. After the sinter gas is collected, it is mixed with oxygen-enriched air and then passed into the blast port of the lower part of the plasma gasification smelting furnace for combustion treatment. The temperature of the smelting zone is controlled at 1550 to 1600 ° C, and the generated smelting flue gas is discharged from the upper gas outlet of the furnace body, and exhausted. The temperature of the mouth smelting flue gas is 1000 ° C, and the obtained melt is discharged from the liquid outlet of the bottom of the furnace body;

3) Melting flue gas to oil: the smelting flue gas obtained in step 2) is rapidly cooled to below 200 ° C, and the heat released during the quenching process is recovered by the waste heat boiler. After the cooled flue gas is collected by the cyclone, the bag is dusted and treated. The dust removal gas and soot are separated, and the dust removal gas is subjected to alkali absorption, and the volume ratio of H ₂ to CO is adjusted to 1.8:1. At 250 ° C and 2.0 MPa, an iron-based catalyst is added for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, and the product is further refined. Processed into oil products, used to extract and recover volatile metals;

4) Valuable metal recovery: The molten material obtained in step 2) is kept warm and sedimented at a temperature of 1150 ° C, and the slag and molten metal liquid are separated under gravity, and the slag is collected and used as a building material, and the molten metal is used. The liquid is subjected to ingot casting and electrolytic treatment to obtain cathode copper product and anode slime. The anode mud is used for extracting and recovering rare metal. The recovery rate of Cu is 99.61%, the Au recovery rate is 99.95%, and the Ag recovery rate is 99.79%. Platinum The metal group recovery rate was 99.45%.

Embodiment 7: A method for comprehensively recycling electronic wastes, comprising the following steps:

1) Sintering of pellets: Firstly, the discarded computer main board is cut into pieces of electronic waste pellets with a particle size of 2 to 10 mm, and then the mass ratio of electronic waste pellets to slagging agent and binder is 1:0.2: 0.1 is uniformly mixed and then subjected to sintering treatment at a temperature of 700 ° C to obtain a sintered agglomerate by an N ₂ -protected indirect heating sintering method, and a sintering gas is formed at the same time; wherein the slag forming agent is magnesite and serpentine according to a mass ratio of 2: 3 mixed, the binder is paraffin;

2) Plasma gasification smelting: the agglomerate obtained by the step 1) and the coke are alternately introduced into the plasma gasification melting furnace at a mass ratio of 1:0.6, so that the two are longitudinally arranged in layers, and the steps 1) are simultaneously produced. After the sinter gas is collected, it is mixed with oxygen-enriched air and then passed into the blast port of the lower part of the plasma gasification smelting furnace for combustion treatment. The temperature of the smelting zone is controlled at 1550 to 1600 ° C, and the generated smelting flue gas is discharged from the upper gas outlet of the furnace body, and exhausted. The temperature of the mouth smelting flue gas is 1000 ° C, and the obtained melt is discharged from the liquid outlet of the bottom of the furnace body;

3) Melting flue gas to oil: the smelting flue gas obtained in step 2) is rapidly cooled to below 200 ° C, and the heat released during the quenching process is recovered by the waste heat boiler. After the cooled flue gas is collected by the cyclone, the bag is dusted and treated. The dust removal gas and soot are separated, and the dust removal gas is subjected to alkali absorption, and the volume ratio of H ₂ to CO is adjusted to 1.8:1. At 250 ° C and 2.0 MPa, an iron-based catalyst is added for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, and the product is further refined. Processed into oil products, used to extract and recover volatile metals;

4) Valuable metal recovery: The molten material obtained in step 2) is kept warm and sedimented at a temperature of 1150 ° C, and the slag and molten metal liquid are separated under gravity, and the slag is collected and used as a building material, and the molten metal is used. The liquid is subjected to ingot casting and electrolytic treatment to obtain cathode copper product and anode slime. The anode mud is used for extracting and recovering rare metal. The recovery rate of Cu is 99.75%, the Au recovery rate is 99.96%, and the Ag recovery rate is 99.81%. Platinum The metal group recovery rate was 99.51%.

Embodiment 8: A method for comprehensively recycling electronic wastes, comprising the following steps:

1) Sintering of pellets: Firstly, the discarded computer main board is cut into pieces of e-waste pellets with a particle size of 5-8 mm, and then the mass ratio of e-waste pellets to slagging agent and binder is 1:0.2: After uniform mixing, the indirect heating sintering method using N ₂ protection is performed at a temperature of 600 ° C to obtain a sintered block, and at the same time, a sintering gas is generated; wherein the slag forming agent is dolomite and quartz sand mixed at a mass ratio of 2:3. Made of, the binder is paraffin;

2) Plasma gasification smelting: the agglomerate obtained by the step 1) and the coke are alternately introduced into the plasma gasification melting furnace at a mass ratio of 1:1.1, so that the two are alternately arranged in a layered manner, and the steps 1) are simultaneously produced. After the sinter gas is collected, it is mixed with oxygen-enriched air and then passed into the blast port of the lower part of the plasma gasification smelting furnace for combustion treatment. The temperature of the smelting zone is controlled at 1500 to 1550 ° C, and the generated smelting flue gas is discharged from the upper gas outlet of the furnace body, and exhausted. The temperature of the mouth smelting flue gas is 900 ° C, and the obtained melt is discharged from the liquid outlet of the bottom of the furnace body;

3) Melting flue gas to oil: the smelting flue gas obtained in step 2) is rapidly cooled to below 200 ° C, and the heat released during the quenching process is recovered by the waste heat boiler. After the cooled flue gas is collected by the cyclone, the bag is dusted and treated. The dust removal gas and soot are separated, and the dust removal gas is subjected to alkali absorption, and the volume ratio of H ₂ to CO is adjusted to 1.8:1. At 250 ° C and 2.0 MPa, an iron-based catalyst is added for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, and the product is further refined. Processed into oil products, used to extract and recover volatile metals;

4) Valuable metal recovery: The molten material obtained in step 2) is kept warm and sedimented at a temperature of 1150 ° C, and the slag and molten metal liquid are separated under gravity, and the slag is collected and used as a building material, and the molten metal is used. The liquid is subjected to ingot casting and electrolytic treatment to obtain cathode copper product and anode slime. The anode mud is used for extracting and recovering rare precious metals. The recovery rate of Cu is 99.62%, the Au recovery rate is 99.96%, and the Ag recovery rate is 99.82%. The metal group recovery rate was 99.49%.

A system for realizing the above-mentioned electronic waste comprehensive resource processing method, comprising a pretreatment device 1, a plasma gasification smelting device 2, a flue gas resource device 3, and a valuable metal extraction device 4; The gas outlet is connected to the air vent of the plasma gasification smelting device 2, and the discharge port of the pretreatment device 1 is connected to the feed port of the plasma gasification smelting device 2; the flue gas outlet of the plasma gasification smelting device 2 and the flue gas resource The gas inlets of the apparatus 3 are connected, and the melt outlet of the plasma gasification smelting apparatus 2 is connected to the liquid inlet of the valuable metal extraction apparatus 4.

The pretreatment apparatus 1 includes a raw material silo 101, a first conveyor 102, a shear crusher 103, a second conveyor 104, a slag forming agent silo 105, a third conveyor 106, an adhesive silo 107, and a fourth Conveyor 108, mixer 109, fifth conveyor 110, closed sintering machine 111, sixth conveyor 112, sintering furnace heating furnace 113, sintering exhaust gas collector 114, sintering exhaust gas pipeline 115, oxygen generating station 117, rich An oxygen conduit 118, a gas mixing chamber 120, an intake duct 121, a coke silo 122, and a seventh conveyor 123;

The raw material silo 101, the first conveyor 102, the shearing crusher 103, and the second conveyor 104 are sequentially connected, and the discharge port of the slag forming agent silo 105 is connected to the feeding end of the third conveyor 106, and the binder The discharge port of the silo 107 is connected to the feed end of the fourth conveyor 108, the discharge end of the second conveyor 104, the discharge end of the third conveyor 106, and the discharge end of the fourth conveyor 108 are The feed ports of the mixer 109 are connected; the second conveyor 104, the third conveyor 106, the fourth conveyor 108, the sixth conveyor 112, and the seventh conveyor 123 are all conveyors with weighing and weighing devices. The sealed sintering machine 111 is a sintering machine that uses N ₂ protection indirect heating; the gas mixing chamber 120 is provided with a CO detecting device and an O ₂ detecting device.

The discharge port of the mixer 109, the fifth conveyor 110, the closed sintering machine 111, and the sixth conveyor 112 are sequentially connected, and the inlet of the sintering exhaust gas collector 114 is connected to the gas outlet of the closed sintering machine 111, and sintered. The gas outlet of the exhaust gas collector 114 is connected to the exhaust gas inlet of the gas mixing chamber 120 through the sintering exhaust gas pipe 115. The first flow meter 116 is disposed on the pipeline of the sintering exhaust gas pipe 115; the gas outlet of the oxygen generating station 117 passes through the oxygen-rich pipe 118. The oxygen inlet of the gas mixing tank 120 is connected, and the second flow meter 119 is disposed on the pipeline of the oxygen-enriched pipeline 118; the discharge port of the coke silo 122 is connected to the feeding end of the seventh conveyor 123.

In the above technical solution, the plasma gasification smelting device 2 includes a plasma furnace 201, a melt chute 202, and a flue gas duct 203; the plasma furnace 201 is provided with a feed port a, a blast port b, a melt outlet d, and a flue gas outlet. e; the discharge end of the sixth conveyor 112 and the discharge end of the seventh conveyor 123 are connected to the feed port a of the plasma furnace 201, and the gas outlet of the gas mixing chamber 120 passes through the intake pipe 121 and the plasma furnace 201. The air blast opening b is connected, and the melt outlet d of the plasma furnace 201 is connected to the liquid inlet of the melt chute 202, and the flue gas outlet e of the plasma furnace 201 is connected to the air inlet of the flue gas duct 203.

In the above technical solution, the flue gas outlet e is disposed at the top of the plasma furnace 201, the melt outlet d is disposed at the bottom of the plasma furnace 201, the tuyere b is disposed at the middle of the plasma furnace 201, and the feed port a is located at the flue gas outlet e and Between the tuyere b; the tuyere b is arranged in a single layer or a double layer along the longitudinal direction of the plasma furnace 201, the number of each layer is 3 to 12; the number of the exhaust ports e is 1 to 4, and the exhaust port There are 2 to 6 baffles in the front section of the e-connected exhaust pipe. The lower portion of the plasma furnace 201 is provided with a plasma torch c along its circumferential direction, and the plasma torch c is located between the air blowing port b and the melt outlet d, and the number is 3 to 12.

In the above technical solution, the flue gas resourceizing device 3 includes a pure water tank 301, a quenching tower 302, a hot water pipe 303, a filter 304, a waste heat boiler 305, a first gas pipe 307, a cyclone dust collector 308, and a second gas pipe. 310, bag filter 311, third gas pipe 313, alkali suction tower 314, fourth gas pipe 315, water vapor reforming tower 316, fifth gas pipe 317, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis tower 318, gas circulation pipe 319, primary oil The product pipe 320, the refined distillation column 321 and the product oil output pipe 322; the water outlet of the pure water tank 301 is connected to the cold water inlet of the upper portion of the quenching tower 302, the gas outlet of the flue gas pipe 203 and the air inlet of the lower portion of the quenching tower 302 Connected, the hot water outlet at the bottom of the quenching tower 302 is sequentially connected to the filter 304 and the waste heat boiler 305 through the hot water pipe 303; the exhaust port at the top of the quenching tower 302 and the first gas pipe 307, the cyclone dust collector 308, Two gas pipes 310, bag filter 311, third gas pipe 313, alkali suction tower 314, fourth gas pipe 315, water vapor reforming tower 316, fifth gas pipe 317, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis tower 318, primary oil pipeline 320, refined distillation tower 321, oil product The output conduits 322 are connected in series; the gas outlet at the top of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis column 318 is connected to the inlet of the steam reforming column 316 through a gas circulation conduit 319. The flue gas recycling device 3 further includes a sludge bin 306, a first-stage ash collecting bin 309, and a second-stage ash collecting bin 312, and the sludge bin 306 is disposed at the bottom of the filter machine 304 and is disposed opposite to the sludge outlet; The magazine 309 is disposed at the bottom of the cyclone dust collector 308 and disposed opposite to the ash outlet; the second ash collection chamber 312 is disposed at the bottom of the bag filter 311 and disposed opposite to the ash outlet.

In the above technical solution, the valuable metal extraction device 4 includes a holding furnace 401, an alloy chute 402, a disc ingot casting machine 403, a transfer device 404, an electrolysis tank 405, a slag chute 406, a glass drawing machine 407, and a melt chute 202. The liquid outlet is connected to the liquid inlet of the top of the holding furnace 401, and the alloy outlet at the bottom of the holding furnace 401 is sequentially connected with the alloy chute 402 and the disc ingot casting machine 403, and the transfer device 404 is disposed in the disc casting machine 403 and the electrolytic bath 405. The anode plate produced by the disc casting machine 403 is transported to the electrolytic cell 405 through the transfer device 404, and the slag opening in the upper portion of the holding furnace 401 is sequentially connected to the slag chute 406 and the glass drawing machine 407.

The above is only the specific embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be covered by the scope of the present invention. within.

Claims (13)

An electronic waste comprehensive resource processing method, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: 1) Sintering of pellets: firstly cutting and breaking electronic waste into e-waste pellets, then uniformly mixing the e-waste pellets with slag-forming agent and binder, and then sintering to obtain agglomerates, and simultaneously generating sintering gas ; 2) Plasma gasification smelting: the agglomerate obtained in step 1) and coke are alternately put into a plasma gasification melting furnace, and the two are alternately arranged in layers, and the sintering gas generated in the step 1) is mixed with the oxygen-enriched air. After that, the blasting port of the lower portion of the plasma gasification melting furnace is subjected to combustion treatment, and the generated smelting flue gas is discharged from the upper air outlet of the furnace body, and the obtained molten liquid is discharged from the liquid outlet of the furnace body bottom; 3) smelting flue gas to make oil: the smelting flue gas obtained in step 2) is rapidly cooled to below 200 ° C, and the heat released during the quenching process is recovered by a waste heat boiler, and the cooled flue gas is separated by dust collecting treatment to separate the dust removing gas and Soot, the dedusting gas is sequentially processed into an oil product by alkali absorption, gas reforming, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, and refining processing, and the soot is used for extracting and recovering volatile metals; 4) Valuable metal recovery: The molten metal obtained in the step 2) is thermally settled, and the slag and the molten metal liquid are separated under the action of gravity, and the slag is collected and used as a building material, and the molten metal liquid is passed through the ingot. After the electrolytic treatment, a cathode copper product and an anode slime are obtained, and the anode slime is used for extracting and recovering rare metal. The electronic waste comprehensive resource treatment method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the mass ratio of the electronic waste pellets, the slagging agent and the binder is 1:0.1 to 0.6: 0.1 to 0.3; The particle size of the electronic waste pellet is 0.1-20 mm; the slagging agent is one or more of limestone, calcite, dolomite, quartz sand, magnesite, serpentine; The agent is one or more of lime, paraffin, bentonite, clay, diatomaceous earth and peat. The electronic waste comprehensive resource treatment method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the sintering treatment is performed by an N ₂ -protected indirect heating sintering method, and the sintering temperature is 500 to 800 °C. The electronic waste comprehensive resource treatment method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the mass ratio of the agglomerate to the coke is 1:0.5 to 1.5; the temperature of the melting zone in the plasma gasification melting furnace It is 1400 to 1600 ° C; the outlet temperature of the smelting flue gas is 800 to 1200 ° C. The electronic waste comprehensive resource treatment method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4), the temperature of the heat preservation sedimentation process is maintained at 1000 to 1200 °C. A system for realizing the electronic waste comprehensive resource treatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising a pretreatment device (1), a plasma gasification melting device (2), and a flue gas resource utilization device (3) And a valuable metal extraction device (4), characterized in that the gas outlet of the pretreatment device (1) is connected to the air vent of the plasma gasification smelting device (2), and the pretreatment device (1) The discharge port is connected to a feed port of the plasma gasification smelting device (2); the flue gas outlet of the plasma gasification smelting device (2) is connected to an inlet of the flue gas resource unit (3), the plasma The melt outlet of the gasification smelting unit (2) is connected to the inlet of the valuable metal extraction unit (4). System according to claim 6, characterized in that said pretreatment device (1) comprises a raw material silo (101), a first conveyor (102), a shear crusher (103), a second conveyor ( 104), slag forming agent silo (105), third conveyor (106), binder silo (107), fourth conveyor (108), mixer (109), fifth conveyor (110 ), closed sintering machine (111), sixth conveyor (112), sintering machine heating furnace (113), sintering exhaust gas collector (114), sintering exhaust gas pipeline (115), oxygen production station (117), oxygen enrichment a pipe (118), a gas mixing tank (120), an intake pipe (121), a coke bin (122), and a seventh conveyor (123); The raw material silo (101), the first conveyor (102), the shearing crusher (103), and the second conveyor (104) are sequentially connected, and the discharge port of the slag forming agent silo (105) is The feed ends of the third conveyor (106) are connected, the discharge port of the binder silo (107) is connected to the feed end of the fourth conveyor (108), and the second conveyor The discharge end of the machine (104), the discharge end of the third conveyor (106), and the discharge end of the fourth conveyor (108) are all connected to the feed port of the mixer (109). Connected The discharge port of the mixer (109), the fifth conveyor (110), the closed sintering machine (111), and the sixth conveyor (112) are sequentially connected, and the sintering exhaust gas collector (114) is advanced. a gas port is connected to an outlet of the closed sintering machine (111), and an outlet of the sintering exhaust gas collector (114) is connected to an exhaust gas inlet of the gas mixing chamber (120) through a sintering exhaust gas pipe (115); An air outlet of the oxygen generating station (117) is connected to an oxygen inlet of the gas mixing chamber (120) through an oxygen-enriched conduit (118), and a discharge port of the coke bin (122) and the seventh conveying The feeding end of the machine (123) is connected; the first flow meter (116) is disposed on the pipeline of the sintering exhaust gas pipe (115); and the second flow meter (119) is disposed on the pipeline of the oxygen-rich pipe (118). ). The system according to claim 7, wherein said plasma gasification smelting apparatus (2) comprises a plasma furnace (201), a melt chute (202), and a flue gas duct (203); The plasma furnace (201) is provided with a feed port (a), a blast port (b), a melt outlet (d), a flue gas outlet (e); and a discharge end of the sixth conveyor (112) The discharge end of the seventh conveyor (123) is connected to the feed port (a) of the plasma furnace (201), and the gas outlet of the gas mixing chamber (120) passes through the intake pipe (121) Connected to the air blast opening (b) of the plasma furnace (201), the melt outlet (d) of the plasma furnace (201) is connected to the liquid inlet of the melt chute (202), the plasma furnace ( The flue gas outlet (e) of 201) is connected to the air inlet of the flue gas duct (203). The system according to claim 8, wherein said flue gas outlet (e) is disposed at the top of the plasma furnace (201), and said melt outlet (d) is disposed at the bottom of the plasma furnace (201). The air vent (b) is disposed in the middle of the plasma furnace (201), the feed port (a) is located between the flue gas outlet (e) and the blast opening (b); the blast opening (b) is along the plasma furnace The longitudinal direction of (201) is a single layer or a double layer arrangement; the lower portion of the plasma furnace (201) is provided with a plurality of plasma torches (c) along a circumferential direction thereof, and the plasma torch (c) is located at a blast opening ( b) between the melt outlet (d). The system according to claim 6, characterized in that the flue gas recycling device (3) comprises a pure water tank (301), a quenching tower (302), a hot water pipe (303), a filter (304), Waste heat boiler (305), first gas pipeline (307), cyclone dust collector (308), second gas pipeline (310), bag filter (311), third gas pipe (313), alkali suction tower ( 314), a fourth gas pipeline (315), a water vapor reforming tower (316), a fifth gas pipeline (317), a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis tower (318), a gas circulation pipeline (319), a primary oil pipeline (320), a refined distillation column (321) and a refined oil output pipe (322); The water outlet of the pure water tank (301) is connected to the cold water inlet of the upper portion of the quenching tower (302), the air outlet of the flue gas duct (203) and the air inlet of the lower portion of the quenching tower (302) Connected, the hot water outlet at the bottom of the quenching tower (302) is sequentially connected to the filter (304) and the waste heat boiler (305) through the hot water pipe (303); An exhaust port at the top of the quenching tower (302) and a first gas pipe (307), a cyclone dust collector (308), a second gas pipe (310), a bag dust collector (311), and a third gas pipe (313), an alkali suction tower (314), a fourth gas pipeline (315), a water vapor reforming tower (316), a fifth gas pipeline (317), a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis tower (318), and a primary oil pipeline (320) The refined distillation column (321) and the refined oil output pipe (322) are connected in sequence; the gas outlet at the top of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis tower (318) passes through the gas circulation pipe (319) and the steam reforming tower (316). The ports are connected. The system of claim 10 wherein said flue gas resource unit (3) further comprises a sludge bin (306), a primary ash collection bin (309), and a secondary ash collection bin (312) The sludge bin (306) is disposed at the bottom of the filter (304) and disposed opposite to the sludge outlet; the primary ash collection bin (309) is disposed at the bottom of the cyclone (308) and is ashed out The mouth is arranged in pairs; the secondary ash collection bin (312) is disposed at the bottom of the baghouse (311) and is disposed opposite the ash outlet. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that said valuable metal extracting means (4) comprises a holding furnace (401), an alloy chute (402), a disc ingot casting machine (403), and a transfer device (404). , electrolytic cell (405), slag chute (406), glass wire drawing machine (407); The liquid outlet of the melt chute (202) is connected to the liquid inlet of the top of the holding furnace (401), the alloy outlet of the bottom of the holding furnace (401) and the alloy chute (402), the disc casting machine (403) sequentially connected, the transfer device (404) is disposed between the disc casting machine (403) and the electrolytic cell (405); the slag opening of the upper portion of the holding furnace (401) and the slag chute (406), the glass wire drawing machine (407) is connected in sequence. The system of claim 7 wherein said second conveyor (104), third conveyor (106), fourth conveyor (108), sixth conveyor (112), seventh conveyor The machine (123) is a conveyor having a weighing and weighing device; the sealed sintering machine (111) is a sintering machine that uses N ₂ protection for indirect heating.

Images