[go: up one dir, main page]

WO2018229647A1 - Implant dentaire - Google Patents

Implant dentaire Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2018229647A1
WO2018229647A1 PCT/IB2018/054234 IB2018054234W WO2018229647A1 WO 2018229647 A1 WO2018229647 A1 WO 2018229647A1 IB 2018054234 W IB2018054234 W IB 2018054234W WO 2018229647 A1 WO2018229647 A1 WO 2018229647A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
implant
dental
cladding layer
profiled core
core
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IB2018/054234
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Luca MORBIDONI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO2018229647A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018229647A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0012—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the material or composition, e.g. ceramics, surface layer, metal alloy
    • A61C8/0013—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the material or composition, e.g. ceramics, surface layer, metal alloy with a surface layer, coating
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0012—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the material or composition, e.g. ceramics, surface layer, metal alloy
    • A61C8/0016—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the material or composition, e.g. ceramics, surface layer, metal alloy polymeric material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical sector concerning dental implants. DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
  • Dental implants also known as endosseous implants
  • endosseous implants are medical devices of a surgical type used for functionally and aesthetically rehabilitating a loss or congenital absence of one or more teeth, enabling support of a prosthetic replacement by means of a direct bone support with a biological process known as osseointegration.
  • Dental implants also known as fixtures or screws, are the part that the dentist inserts internally of the bony part of the mandible and/or maxilla and have a cylindrical or conical shape.
  • the surface of the external vertical face of the implant is not smooth, but is characterised by a threading that following the insertion of the screw internally of the bone makes the implant solid in the dental cavity, i.e. in the cavity present in the maxillary/mandibular bone which originally contained the tooth and subsequently the screw of the implant.
  • Dental implants of known type can be subdivided into two categories: one-stage implants and two-stage implants.
  • the one-stage implant comprises a body forming a lower threaded portion, corresponding to the root portion of the tooth to be replaced, and an upper rigid stump to which a dental crown is anchored, corresponding to the upper part of the tooth.
  • the one-stage implant is indicated for all cases in which there are no particular operating difficulties; in fact, with a single operation the screw provided with the stump is inserted into the bone.
  • each two-stage implant comprises: a body, having a blind hole in the head portion and inferiorly forming a threading; a secondary component, or stump, which stabilises with the insertion of the stump in the hole realised in the body by means of an internal connection, for example by screwing, or a connecting screw that stabilises the body-stump coupling.
  • the two-stage implant is indicated in a case of an increase in the bone dimension (raising the sinus, crest or expansion of the crest), and its use required two surgical operations, one for positioning the implant and, following osseointegration, a second for applying the healing screw which repairs the soft tissue (gum) around the implant.
  • the dentist will decide, on the basis of the situation the patient presents orally, which type of implant to use.
  • All dental implants have a morphological constraint deriving from the need to screw the implant internally of a surgical cavity (realised by the dentist, in the surgical step, with appropriate rotary burrs) or into the healed bone or at the centre of the extraction site, i.e. in the bone part located in the dental cavity or cavities (cavities destined to house the roots of the tooth) following an extraction; the known implants, therefore independently of the tooth, or rather the conformation of the root that it will replace, and of the support (crown) which it will have to support, always have a circular section.
  • the dentist will have to position the implant at the centre of the extraction site, i.e. will have to realise the surgical cavity between the dental alveoli, preposition and screw the implant to the available bone tissue.
  • an implant it is necessary: to have a thickness of bone tissue that is sufficient to enable anchoring the implant while preserving the stability thereof; to have a sufficient soft tissue around the plant, following the osseointegration of the implant, to prevent bacteria, normally present in the oral cavity, from invading the underlying tissues.
  • the plaque, tartar and bacteria act by insinuating into the space between the gum and the implant (i.e. in the gum pockets) and inflaming and damaging, initially, the gum and thereafter the bone tissue supporting the implant.
  • the plant can even be lost, as the thickness of the bone tissue will no longer be sufficient to maintain the plant solidly stable and therefore there will be a need to increase the dimension of the bone tissue before positioning a new implant, using known methods.
  • US2016/0193017 describes a dental implant, an upper portion of which has a stump for stabilising a dental crown to the implant, comprising: a profiled core realised using a biocompatible material that is non-bioresorbable, having a relative external vertical face and externally conforming a threading for anchoring the implant to the surgical cavity; a cladding layer made of a hydroxyapatite, which adheringly envelops an external vertical face of the profiled core at the threading.
  • the whole working cavity is substantially occupied by the profiled core.
  • the aim of the invention is to provide a dental implant formed in such a way as to obviate the drawbacks cited in the preamble, and in particular an implant the conformation of which is associable to the conformation of the implants of traditional type so as to enable insertion thereof following the standard surgical protocol.
  • a further aim of the invention is that it provides a dental implant realised by a combination of known elements that enable a simple anchoring of the implant, by stimulating the new formation of the bone tissue.
  • a further aim of the invention is that it provides an implant conformed in such a way as to include a portion that can be designed on the basis of the anatomical characteristics of the tooth to be replaced.
  • a further aim of the invention is to provide an implant conformed in such a way as to facilitate osseointegration thereof in the bone tissue, and increase the support surface for the dental crown.
  • a still further aim of the invention is to describe a dental implant which is reliable, functional and relatively inexpensive with respect to the advantages that it provides.
  • resorbable material is understood to mean a material that is at least partly resorbable by the human body, i.e. a material that is at least partly bio-resorbable, which comprises at least a component that is totally bio-resorbable and, optionally, an osseo-integratable component, for example hydroxyapatite.
  • the at least partly bio-resorbable material can be totally bio-resorbable.
  • - figure 1 is a large-scale perspective view of a dental implant of the invention
  • - figures 1A, 1B illustrate two views from above of the dental implant of the invention in two different embodiments
  • figure 2A is a perspective view of the implant of figure 1 , showing the internal part of the implant;
  • FIG. 2B is a perspective view of the implant-dental crown assembly
  • FIG. 3 is a section and partially exploded view of the implant-dental crown assembly, corresponding to a premolar, following insertion of the implant in the bony part of a patient;
  • FIG. 4 is a partly-sectioned view of the implant-dental crown assembly, in which the osseointegration of implant of figure 3 is highlighted;
  • FIG. 5 is a partly-sectioned and partially exploded view of the implant-dental crown assembly, corresponding to a premolar, following insertion of the implant in the bony part of a patient;
  • FIG. 6 is a section view of the implant-dental crown assembly, in which the osseointegration of the implant of figure 5 is shown.
  • a dental implant an upper portion of which has a stump (5) for stabilising a dental crown (6) to the implant, comprises: a profiled core (3) realised using a biocompatible material that is non-bioresorbable, having a relative external vertical face; a cladding layer (4) made of a resorbable material, which adheringly envelops an external vertical face of the profiled core (3) and externally forms anchoring means (F); the anchoring means (F) being realised entirely of the resorbable material and the implant (1 ), being insertable in a working cavity (C), realised on healed bone or at a centre of the dental cavity or cavities following a dental extraction, is anchorable to the working cavity (C) via the anchoring means (F).
  • the plant (1 ) is advantageously maintained for the time compatible with the surgical cavity: in fact, with this plant 1 the overall quantity of biocompatible non- bioresorbable material, for example titanium, introduced in a surgical cavity (C), is reduced, as it is replaced by resorbable material by means of the cladding layer (4) that is destined to be resorbed by the healed bone which will grow in time to surround the implant 1.
  • biocompatible non- bioresorbable material for example titanium
  • the surgical cavity (C) will be occupied by biocompatible material, which will be such during the whole time of permanence of the implant (1 ) in the patient's mouth, and by resorbable material which will be bio-resorbed by the human body.
  • reference numeral 1 denotes a dental implant comprising: a profiled core (3) forming the natural profile of a dental root, realised using a biocompatible material, for example titanium, the external surface of which exhibits a roughness (not illustrated); a central blind hole (30), realised in the head portion of the core (3), for example having first anchoring means (31 ), for example a nut screw; a cladding layer (4), which adheringly envelops the external vertical face of the core (3) and externally forms a threading (F) and, as illustrated in the embodiment of figures 1A, 1 B, and 2A, having, above the threading, a transversal section with a circular profile.
  • a dental implant comprising: a profiled core (3) forming the natural profile of a dental root, realised using a biocompatible material, for example titanium, the external surface of which exhibits a roughness (not illustrated); a central blind hole (30), realised in the head portion of the core (3), for example having first anchoring means (31 ),
  • the surgical cavity (C) typically has a transversal section with a circular profile
  • the above-mentioned characteristic enables easily screwing in implants, according to the invention, in which the profiled core (3) has the conformation of the root which it will have to replace and therefore does not have a circular profile.
  • the cladding layer (4) has a thickness that decreases from bottom-up in proportion to the dimensions of the profiled core (3), and is made of a resorbable material, being a polymeric biomaterial, for example polylactic acid and hydroxyapatite.
  • the profiled core (3) forms a monoradicular tooth for the external face
  • the profiled core (3) forms a pluri-radicular tooth for the external face, i.e. the sum of the external surfaces of the roots that the profiled cores (3) form.
  • the plant (1 ), as illustrated in figures 2B, 3, 5, further comprises: a stump (5), interiorly forming second anchoring means (51 ), for example a screw portion, which couple removably with the complementary first anchoring means (31 ), and superiorly a support (52) (figure 2B), which following the coupling with the implant (1 ) extends from the head portion of the core (3) vertically upwards; a dental crown (6) which will be stabilised, according to the background art, to the support (52) of the stump (5) (two-stage implant).
  • a support extends vertically upwards from the head portion of the profiled core, in a single body, which support defines the stump to which the dental crown will be anchored (one-stage implant).
  • the dental implant (1 ) of the invention like known implants, is used either following a dental extraction, with the preparation of a surgical cavity (C) in the centre of the dental cavity or cavities, or following the realisation of the cavity in a healed bone site, following, in both situations, the standard surgical protocol.
  • the corresponding implant is chosen, i.e. the implant having a profiled core (3) forming the root of the tooth that it will go to replace.
  • the implant specialist surgeon in the presence of different situations that emerge, will decide whether the positioning of the implant can be either submerged under the gum (G) following an extraction, or left to emerge from the gum (G) in the case of a mature bone, i.e. a zone in which the tooth has been extracted a long time previously and the bone tissue (O) and the gum tissue have completely reformed.
  • a healing screw (not illustrated as of known type) is inserted in the central hole (30) flush with the implant and the gum tissue is sutured so as to completely cover the implant (1 ) and the healing screw; in a case where the implant is left to emerge from the gum (G) a healing screw (not illustrated) is inserted in the central hole (30), which healing screw (30) emerges from the gum and is kept there up until the osseointegration of the implant (1 ) has taken place.
  • the cladding layer (4) due to the technical characteristics of the material with which it is realised, will stimulate the new growth of the bone tissue with a contemporary gradual resorption of the cladding layer (4).
  • the cladding layer (4) will be completely resorbed while the bone tissue and the gum tissue will naturally have regrown around the core (3).
  • the dental implant (1 ) of the invention has particularly advantageous characteristics.
  • the primary stability of the implant in fact, is obtained during the first surgical step, and is necessary for avoiding micro-movements which might lead to the formation of fibrous tissue around the implant and the consequent fibro-integration which over time leads to a progressive loss of stability and increase in connected complaints (pain on pressure, inflammation of the soft tissues etc.).
  • the primary stability is guaranteed by the bone that surrounds and delimits the implant site and this stability depends on the design of the implant and on the way in which the implant site is prepared.
  • the external cladding (4) facilitates and guarantees the stability, as, following the positioning thereof, the cladding layer (4) will initially abut the wall of the dental cavity or cavities, thus eliminating the spaces between the wall of the implant and the wall of the cavity or cavities, and preventing micro-movements or involuntary migration of the implant: with this novel technical solution it is not necessary to fill the gaps with synthetic or natural bone, with all the advantages that brings.
  • the process of healing begins immediately following surgery, which involves both the osteoblasts, which produce the new bone matrix, and the osteoclasts, which eliminate the residues produced during the surgical step.
  • the cladding layer (4) realised using a polymeric biomaterial and due to its technical characteristics stimulates the new growth of the bone tissue, independently of the density and the quantity of the patient's bone.
  • the new bone matrix is subject to progressive mineralisation and maturation so as to guarantee the secondary stability of the implant.
  • the cladding layer (4) is gradually resorbed contextually with the osseointegration of the implant, maintaining or reconstituting the peaks of bone (P) (figures 4, 6) and consequently the gum crests (R) against the head of the implant; thus preventing liquid infiltrations which in many cases are what determine the inflammatory processes and the bacterial colonisation which lead to gum recession and subsequently to the reduction of the bone tissue with a consequent detachment of the implant due to peri-implantitis.
  • a further advantage attributable to the implant (1 ) relates to the transmission of masticating loads to the osseointegrated implants which is characterised by significant biomechanical differences with respect to natural teeth.
  • the natural tooth is connected to the bone by the collagen fibres of the periodontal ligament which enable intrusion up to 50-100 pm; the implant, on the other hand, is in direct contact with the bone.
  • the elasticity of the implant depends on the elasticity of the bone and the transmission of the masticating loads into a plant depends only to simple non- specialised nerve endings present in the surrounding bone tissue; with the present invention the new bone growth, stimulated by the biomaterial of the cladding layer (4) and therefore with the well-osteointegrated implant (1 ), the control action on the entity and the direction of the masticating loads with respect to the implants of the prior art is optimised.
  • the core (3) is profiled to define the standard conformation of the tooth that the implant (1 ) will go to replace, is another technical-functional aspect which enables obtaining a greater distribution of the masticating loads on the implant-crown assembly, as the design of the connection with respect to the biological profiles of the corresponding natural tooth and, therefore, the stump and the crown will be supported by a base, the conformation of which is identical to the standard conformation of a corresponding natural root.
  • a further advantage associated to the conformation of the core (3) derives from the fact that in a stump-implant connection of a conical type, the coupling between the stump and the implant is stable to guarantee an adequate resistance to mastication stresses: the two components will not be subject to rotary, torsional or flexional movements, as following complete osseointegration the core (3), which simulates the conformation of the natural root of the tooth, replaces the natural root of the tooth and carries out the same function.
  • the profiled core (3) is made of a non-bioresorbable biocompatible material.
  • the non-bioresorbable biocompatible material is not resorbed by the bone tissue, nor by the gum during the new growth of the bone tissue.
  • a further advantage of the implant (1 ) derives from the fact that, it can be realised perfectly corresponding to the natural conformation of the root of the tooth of each single patient; in fact, following a pre-operational CT scan (computed axial tomography) the shape of the core (3) can be found with the same dimensions as the original root of the tooth which the implant will replace.
  • the external surface of the core is rough, for example sanded or micro-punched or the like, following osseointegration increases adherence of the bone tissue to the core (3).
  • the cladding layer 4 can comprise anchoring means, known to the expert in the sector, which enable, in known ways, stabilising the implant (1 ) to the surgical cavity (C) realised during the surgical step.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Dental Prosthetics (AREA)

Abstract

Implant dentaire, dont une partie supérieure a un pilier (5) sur lequel est fixée une couronne dentaire 6, comprenant : un noyau profilé (3) réalisé à l'aide d'un matériau biocompatible ; une couche de revêtement (4) composée d'un matériau résorbable qui enveloppe par adhérence la face verticale externe du noyau (3) et forme extérieurement un moyen d'ancrage (F), l'implant (1) pouvant être introduit dans une cavité de travail (C), réalisée sur l'os guéri ou au centre de la cavité dentaire ou des cavités dentaires après une extraction dentaire, et la couche de revêtement (4) étant totalement résorbable avec la nouvelle croissance de tissu osseux autour du noyau profilé (3) jusqu'à une osséointégration complète de celui-ci avec une stabilisation conséquente de l'implant (1).
PCT/IB2018/054234 2017-06-15 2018-06-12 Implant dentaire Ceased WO2018229647A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102017000066423A IT201700066423A1 (it) 2017-06-15 2017-06-15 Impianto dentale
IT102017000066423 2017-06-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018229647A1 true WO2018229647A1 (fr) 2018-12-20

Family

ID=60081216

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2018/054234 Ceased WO2018229647A1 (fr) 2017-06-15 2018-06-12 Implant dentaire

Country Status (2)

Country Link
IT (1) IT201700066423A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018229647A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006031096A1 (fr) * 2004-09-14 2006-03-23 Oratio B.V. Procede de fabrication et d'installation d'un implant dentaire ceramique avec une partie d'appui d'implant esthetique
US20100003640A1 (en) * 2008-07-02 2010-01-07 Robert Damstra Implant with structure for securing a porous portion
US20100114314A1 (en) * 2008-11-06 2010-05-06 Matthew Lomicka Expandable bone implant
WO2014203252A1 (fr) * 2013-06-19 2014-12-24 Meir Yakir Système d'implant d'échafaudage
US20160193017A1 (en) * 2015-01-05 2016-07-07 Kwang Seob Kim Implant unit

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006031096A1 (fr) * 2004-09-14 2006-03-23 Oratio B.V. Procede de fabrication et d'installation d'un implant dentaire ceramique avec une partie d'appui d'implant esthetique
US20100003640A1 (en) * 2008-07-02 2010-01-07 Robert Damstra Implant with structure for securing a porous portion
US20100114314A1 (en) * 2008-11-06 2010-05-06 Matthew Lomicka Expandable bone implant
WO2014203252A1 (fr) * 2013-06-19 2014-12-24 Meir Yakir Système d'implant d'échafaudage
US20160193017A1 (en) * 2015-01-05 2016-07-07 Kwang Seob Kim Implant unit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT201700066423A1 (it) 2018-12-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CA2814981C (fr) Systeme de butee de cicatrisation pour remodelage osseux
US5419702A (en) Dental restoration on artificial root fixtures
US6840770B2 (en) Expandable polymer dental implant and method of use
US20050019730A1 (en) Dental minipin with interchangeable abutments
Redemagni et al. Soft tissue stability with immediate implants and concave abutments
US20110123953A1 (en) Fixture of two-piece dental implant
EP1404248A1 (fr) Implant pour utilisation dans les regions esthetiques de la bouche
CA2512283A1 (fr) Systeme d'implant dentaire
EP3017785A1 (fr) Système de fixation de prothèse dentaire
USRE36126E (en) Dental restoration on artificial root fixtures
KR20200028876A (ko) 치과 임플란트, 연결 나사 및 임플란트용 키트
EP3793472A1 (fr) Implant médical et système d'implant médical pour processus malaire du maxillaire
EP2231056B1 (fr) Implant dentaire à assise osseuse renforcée
CA2713957A1 (fr) Point d'appui universel de transition
Chen et al. Immediate implant placement and provisionalization with simultaneous guided bone regeneration in the esthetic zone
US20230263603A1 (en) Implantation system and add-on element for an implantation system
WO2018229647A1 (fr) Implant dentaire
US20220151744A1 (en) Fabrication And Installation Of A Dental Implant
CN102784009A (zh) 可促进骨整合的人工植牙体结构
CN1929795B (zh) 用于骨中的锚定元件
KR20080033221A (ko) 보조나사를 이용한 즉시 장착용 임플란트 픽스츄어
CN213489420U (zh) 一种适用于口腔种植骨增量的临时种植体
Turkyilmaz et al. Immediate loading in implant dentistry
Horowitz Current Implant Designs to Maintain Crestal Bone and Gingiva
Tissue André Schroeder, Daniel A. Buser, Franz Sutter, and Hans-Peter Weber

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 18756481

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

32PN Ep: public notification in the ep bulletin as address of the adressee cannot be established

Free format text: NOTING OF LOSS OF RIGHTS PURSUANT TO RULE 112(1) EPC (EPO FORM 1205A DATED 13/03/2020)

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 18756481

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1