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WO2018217915A1 - Brûleur à prémélange à faible taux d'émissions de nox, à combustion vers l'intérieur - Google Patents

Brûleur à prémélange à faible taux d'émissions de nox, à combustion vers l'intérieur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018217915A1
WO2018217915A1 PCT/US2018/034167 US2018034167W WO2018217915A1 WO 2018217915 A1 WO2018217915 A1 WO 2018217915A1 US 2018034167 W US2018034167 W US 2018034167W WO 2018217915 A1 WO2018217915 A1 WO 2018217915A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
burner
interior surface
support member
opening
assembly
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2018/034167
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Robert Shaw
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carrier Corp
Original Assignee
Carrier Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carrier Corp filed Critical Carrier Corp
Priority to US16/615,553 priority Critical patent/US20200173689A1/en
Publication of WO2018217915A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018217915A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/06—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators
    • F24H3/08—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators by tubes
    • F24H3/087—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators by tubes using fluid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F23D14/04—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
    • F23D14/10—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with elongated tubular burner head
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details
    • F23D14/84—Flame spreading or otherwise shaping
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/025—Air heaters with forced circulation using fluid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
    • F23D2203/10—Flame diffusing means
    • F23D2203/101—Flame diffusing means characterised by surface shape
    • F23D2203/1017—Flame diffusing means characterised by surface shape curved
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
    • F23D2203/10—Flame diffusing means
    • F23D2203/105—Porous plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2207/00—Ignition devices associated with burner
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2208/00—Control devices associated with burners
    • F23D2208/10—Sensing devices

Definitions

  • the subject matter disclosed herein relates to heating systems. More specifically, the subject disclosure relates to burners for residential and commercial heating systems.
  • Heating systems in particular furnaces, include one or more burners for combusting a fuel such as natural gas.
  • Hot flue gas from the combustion of the fuel proceeds from the burner and through a heat exchanger.
  • the hot flue gas transfers thermal energy to the heat exchanger, from which the thermal energy is then dissipated by a flow of air driven across the heat exchanger by, for example, a blower.
  • FIG. 1 A typical prior art construction is shown in FIG. 1.
  • a burner 10 is located external to a heat exchanger 12.
  • the burner 10 often referred to as an inshot burner 10, receives a flow of fuel from a fuel source 14.
  • An ignition source 16 combusts the flow of fuel to create a combustion flame 18.
  • Another type of burner is a premix burner in which fuel and air are mixed in a burner inlet tube prior to injection into a combustion zone 19 where the ignition source 16 ignites the mixture.
  • Premix burners compared to inshot burners, typically emit much lower levels of NO x , the emissions of which are tightly regulated and restricted by many jurisdictions. Because of this advantage of premix burners, it may be desirable to utilize premix burners in furnaces.
  • the interior surface of the burner is concave.
  • the interior surface of the burner is contoured to direct flames from the interior surface to a focus.
  • an outlet of the burner is arranged within a plane, and the focus is arranged opposite the burner relative to the plane.
  • the interior surface of the burner is elliptical in shape.
  • the interior surface of the burner is circular in shape.
  • the burner is formed from a porous material.
  • an outlet end of the burner comprises a flange, the flange being mounted to the inner surface of the support member such that the burner extends through the opening.
  • the igniter is offset from the inner surface of the support member such that the igniter is positioned downstream from the burner relative to a direction of flow through the burner.
  • a furnace includes a heat exchanger having a plurality of coils and a burner unit.
  • the burner unit includes a burner box defining a mixing chamber for receiving a mixture of fuel and air.
  • a burner assembly includes a burner arranged within the mixing chamber and substantially aligned with the plurality of coils. An interior surface of the burner is contoured to direct flames generally inwardly.
  • the burner unit further comprises a support member having an opening, the burner being positioned generally adjacent the opening.
  • the interior surface of the burner is contoured to direct flames from the interior surface to a focus.
  • an outlet of the burner is arranged within a plane, the focus and the burner being disposed on opposing sides of the plane.
  • the interior surface of the burner is elliptical in shape.
  • the interior surface of the burner is circular in shape.
  • a method of operating a furnace includes providing a mixture of fuel and air to a mixing chamber, igniting the mixture of fuel and air as it flows from the mixing chamber through a burner assembly including a burner, and supplying flames and combustion from the burner to a plurality of coils of a heat exchanger.
  • directing flames from an interior surface of the burner generally inwardly comprises directing the flames to a focus.
  • an outlet of the burner is arranged within a plane and the focus and the burner are disposed on opposing sides of the plane.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a typical prior art burner arrangement
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a furnace
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an expanded burner unit according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an expanded burner unit according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the burner assembly according to an embodiment.
  • the furnace 20 may include a heat exchanger 22 having a plurality of individual heat exchanger coils 24.
  • the heat exchanger coils 24 which may be metallic conduits, may be provided in a serpentine fashion to provide a large surface area in a small overall volume of space, the importance of which will be discussed in further detail below.
  • Each heat exchanger coil 24 includes an inlet 26 and outlet 28.
  • a burner unit 30 is operatively associated with each inlet 26, and a vent 32 is operatively associated with each outlet 28.
  • the burner unit 30 introduces a flame and combustion gases (not shown) into the heat exchanger coils 24, while vent 32 releases the combustion gases to atmosphere (through a flue or the like) after the heat of the flame and combustion gases is extracted by the heat exchanger 22.
  • a blower motor 36 may be provided to create a significant air flow across the heat exchanger coils 24. As the air circulates across the coils 24, it is heated and can then be directed to a space to be heated such as a home or commercial building for example, by way of appropriate ductwork as indicated by arrow 37.
  • the furnace 20 may also include a return 38 to enable air from the space to be heated to be recirculated and/or fresh air to be introduced for flow across the heat exchanger coils 24.
  • a mixture of fuel and air is formed and then provided to a burner assembly 40 of the burner unit 30 for ignition.
  • the fuel may be natural gas or propane introduced to an inlet 44 of a mixing tube 42 from a fuel source 46 via a fuel orifice or a jet 48.
  • Substantially all of the air necessary for combustion is introduced into the burner assembly 40 via an upstream mixing chamber 49.
  • Such air may be introduced by inducing an airflow using a motorized induction fan 50 (FIG. 2) downstream of a burner outlet. More specifically, a motor 52 having the fan 50 associated therewith may be operatively associated with the outlets 28 of the heat exchanger coils 24. When energized, the fan 50 may rotate and induce an air flow through the heat exchanger coils 24 and burners 30. Control of the motor 52, may be controlled by a processor 54 such as an integrated furnace control (IFC).
  • IFC integrated furnace control
  • one or more openings 56 are formed in the sidewall of the mixing tube 42 generally adjacent the inlet 44. As the fuel moves through the mixing tube 42 towards the mixing chamber 49, air is drawn into the tube 42 through the openings 56 and becomes entrained within the fuel. As a result, the fluid expelled from an outlet 58 of the mixing tube 42 into the mixing chamber 49 is a mixture of both fuel and air.
  • the burner unit 30 includes a burner box 60 having a generally hollow interior commonly referred to as the mixing chamber 49.
  • the burner box 60 generally includes a top wall 62, bottom wall 64, back wall 66, and opposing sidewalls 68 such that one side of the burner box is open.
  • the burner unit 30 additionally includes a burner assembly 40 mounted within the mixing chamber 49 of the burner box 60.
  • the burner assembly 40 generally includes a support member 70 having an opening 72 formed therein.
  • the opening 72 is generally elongated such that the opening 72 is substantially aligned with the inlet 26 of each of the plurality of heat exchanger coils 24.
  • the support member 70 includes a plurality of openings 72, each of which is associated with at least one of the heat exchanger coils 24, are also contemplated herein.
  • a burner 74 configured to function as a flame retainer is connected to the support member 70 generally adjacent the opening 72. The burner 74 extends beyond a back surface 76 of the support member (see FIG. 4) into the mixing chamber 49.
  • the burner 74 is coupled to the support member 70, such as via a welding operation for example.
  • the burner 74 may include a flange 78 (see FIG. 5) configured to couple to the back surface 76 of the support member 70.
  • the flange 78 may be mounted in overlapping relationship with an opposite, interior surface 80 such that the burner 74 generally extends through the opening 72.
  • the burner 74 is formed from a porous material, such as a wire mesh or steel wool for example, so that a fluid is able to pass from the mixing chamber 49 through the burner 74. As best shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 5, the burner 74 has a generally tubular contour.
  • the contour of the burner 74 may be selected such that at least a portion of the flames directed from an interior surface 82 of the burner 74 are angled generally inwardly.
  • the burner 74 has a generally curved shape that directs the plurality of flames formed about the interior surface 82 of the burner 74 towards a central focus 84.
  • the interior surface of the burner 74 is concave, having a generally circular or elliptical shape.
  • the focus 84 is located on an opposite side of plane P defined by the inner surface 80 as the burner 74.
  • an igniter 86 (FIG. 3) is located near the burner 74, generally between an outlet of the burner 74 and the heat exchanger 24 to ignite the fuel/air mixture.
  • the igniter 86 may be mounted to the support member 70 at a location offset from the interior surface 80 thereof such that the igniter 86 is generally downstream from the burner 74 relative to a direction of flow through the burner 74.
  • the igniter 86 may be aligned with a portion of the opening 72 such that the igniter 86 is arranged in fluid communication with the fuel/air mixture within the burner 74.
  • a flame sensor 88 may be disposed on an opposite side of the support member 70 from the igniter 86.
  • the igniter 86 and the flamer sensor 88 are generally aligned.
  • the flame sensor 88 is configured to determine if the ignition has carried over across the entire opening 72 by sensing the presence of a flame at an end of the opening furthest from the igniter 86.
  • the burner assembly 40 is positioned within the mixing chamber 49 of the burner box 60 such that an outlet of the burner 74 (generally aligned with plane P) is adjacent an open end 90 of the box 60.
  • a refractory panel 92 including at least one refractory opening 94 aligned with the inlet 26 of one or more heat exchanger coils 24.
  • the refractory panel 92 is configured to protect not only the adjacent surface of the support member 70, but also the interface between the support member 70 and the heat exchanger coils 24, from overheating.
  • the refractory panel 92 may overlay a portion or the entire support member 70.
  • the refractory panel 92 may be received within a cavity (see FIG. 3) formed in the support member 70.
  • the refractory panel 92 has a size and shape generally complementary to the cavity.
  • a gasket 96 having at least one opening 98 formed therein may be arranged between a pressure distribution bracket 100 and the cell panel 101 to provide a seal there between.
  • Each of the openings 98 formed in the gasket 96 is substantially aligned with an opening 94 formed in the refractory panel 92 and/or an inlet 26 of a corresponding heat exchanger coil 24.
  • a burner unit having an elongated burner 74 as illustrated and described herein provides a system having consistently "smooth" ignitions during both normal and abnormal conditions. By eliminating multiple premix burners, the occurrence of pressure waves which can disrupt the attachment between the flame and the burner at the time of ignition is prevented.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un ensemble brûleur (40) permettant de fournir une flamme et un gaz de combustion à une pluralité d'entrées, l'ensemble comprenant un élément de support (70) comportant une face arrière et une face interne. Une ouverture allongée (72) est formée dans l'élément de support. Un brûleur (74) est relié à l'élément de support adjacent à l'ouverture et s'étend en amont de la face arrière. Le brûleur est agencé en communication fluidique avec la pluralité d'entrées. Une surface intérieure du brûleur est façonnée de manière à diriger les flammes généralement vers l'intérieur.
PCT/US2018/034167 2017-05-24 2018-05-23 Brûleur à prémélange à faible taux d'émissions de nox, à combustion vers l'intérieur Ceased WO2018217915A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US16/615,553 US20200173689A1 (en) 2017-05-24 2018-05-23 Inward fired low nox premix burner

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201762510459P 2017-05-24 2017-05-24
US62/510,459 2017-05-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018217915A1 true WO2018217915A1 (fr) 2018-11-29

Family

ID=62567865

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2018/034167 Ceased WO2018217915A1 (fr) 2017-05-24 2018-05-23 Brûleur à prémélange à faible taux d'émissions de nox, à combustion vers l'intérieur

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US20200173689A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018217915A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11428403B2 (en) * 2019-06-14 2022-08-30 Lg Electronics Inc. Gas furnace

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120178032A1 (en) * 2011-01-10 2012-07-12 Carrier Corporation Low NOx Gas Burners With Carryover Ignition
EP2713105A1 (fr) * 2012-09-27 2014-04-02 Systema Polska Sp. zo. o Tête de combustion pour brûleurs à gaz à prémélange et brûleur équipe d'une telle tête de combustion
US20150369495A1 (en) * 2013-01-25 2015-12-24 Beckett Gas, Inc. ULTRA-LOW NOx BURNER

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120178032A1 (en) * 2011-01-10 2012-07-12 Carrier Corporation Low NOx Gas Burners With Carryover Ignition
EP2713105A1 (fr) * 2012-09-27 2014-04-02 Systema Polska Sp. zo. o Tête de combustion pour brûleurs à gaz à prémélange et brûleur équipe d'une telle tête de combustion
US20150369495A1 (en) * 2013-01-25 2015-12-24 Beckett Gas, Inc. ULTRA-LOW NOx BURNER

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
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