WO2018215680A1 - Method, injector and system for the remediation of anoxic marine sediments - Google Patents
Method, injector and system for the remediation of anoxic marine sediments Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018215680A1 WO2018215680A1 PCT/ES2018/070363 ES2018070363W WO2018215680A1 WO 2018215680 A1 WO2018215680 A1 WO 2018215680A1 ES 2018070363 W ES2018070363 W ES 2018070363W WO 2018215680 A1 WO2018215680 A1 WO 2018215680A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/20—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by degassing, i.e. liberation of dissolved gases
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- the present invention relates to a method of remediation of anoxic sediments on beaches, ports, estuaries or open sea, which is based on the aspiration of seawater, an intermediate treatment that manages to saturate the aspirated water in oxygen through a system of bubbling of air, and a final injection of said saturated water in the sediment to be treated in order to exchange the interstitial water with low concentration of oxygen in that medium for water saturated in oxygen, and for which the system is also defined of elements and devices necessary to carry it out.
- This invention focuses on the field of sediment decontamination technologies affected by both organic and inorganic substances, and more specifically on the work and techniques related to sediment regeneration and the conditions for public and recreational use of beaches, and the environmental conditioning of anoxic sediments extracted during dredging ports.
- pollutant to be degraded which in this case is organic matter and inorganic substances generated under anoxia conditions;
- the present invention compared to other methodologies, achieves the remediation of anoxic sediments in aquatic environments through the progressive substitution of anoxic or hypoxic interstitial water, by water saturated with oxygen, transforming an anaerobic sediment, with high organic matter content, texture plastic, black color and foul smell, in another that has good oxygenation conditions, less plasticity, is poor in organic matter, and has lost black color and stinky smell.
- the procedure and the system described in the present invention solves the problem of the treatment and remediation of anoxic marine sediments, minimizing the environmental impact, and presents a solution with which This sediment is regenerated and allows improving the conditions for public and recreational use of the areas of action, as well as improving the ability of the sediment to house wildlife and the associated plant and algal community.
- the present invention defines a method of remediation of anoxic marine sediments, whose scientific basis focuses on improving the contribution of dissolved oxygen in water to the different fractions of oxidizable organic matter and other reduced inorganic compounds that accumulate in the breast. of a sediment, the solution described below being that of injecting sea water saturated with oxygen, so that the anoxic interstitial water present in the medium is displaced.
- the procedure comprises a series of stages, which are carried out by means of a type of instruments, which together form a system, as well as what monitoring parameters must be taken into account when implementing said procedure.
- the procedure starts from an initial stage consisting of obtaining or capturing seawater, which is suctioned or aspirated with a water suction pump, either submersible or surface, which pours the sucked water into a tank or storage tank.
- This suction pump is an adjustable flow pump, since the inlet flow to the tank must be at least equal to that of the outlet, which is set forth below.
- the reservoir is an intermediate water storage place that is used for oxygen saturation.
- the volume of said reservoir is at least that necessary to meet the demand for water saturated in oxygen during an injection period. This volume, therefore, is conditioned by the rest of the elements and parameters of the injection.
- the deposit has the particularity of comprising:
- a filtering system consisting of a plurality of filters that are located at the suction inlet of the seawater booster pump. These filters have a light of between 5 and 55 microns, and their function is to prevent the entry of sediments or other particles in the tank and in the general injection circuit;
- -a continuous air bubbling system consisting of a plurality of diffusers and an air blower.
- the diffusers are of fine bubble, between 5-25 ⁇ , located and distributed in every base of the tank, whose function is to increase the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the water until reaching values close to saturation, approximately between 6 and 9 mg 0 2 / L at 20 ° C.
- the external blower is a blower of at least 0.2 kW.
- This bubbling system is such that, the plurality of diffusers distributed around the bottom of the tank create a continuous and homogeneous bubbling, more efficient the smaller the bubble, and causes the water in the tank to be in constant motion and saturation of oxygen be homogeneous.
- At least one oximeter submerged in the aquatic mass of the tank whose function is to measure the concentration of oxygen in the water, and carry out continuous measurements.
- a processor can be arranged to manage the variations in the concentration of dissolved oxygen in water.
- a pump for supplying the saturated water in the tank to the hydraulic injector circuit of saturated water.
- This drive pump is a pump between 2 atm and 130 atm of pressure, in which for the injection in a thick sediment the use of a low pressure pump is necessary, while for a fine sediment a high pressure pump is required.
- Saturated water is introduced under pressure in a hydraulic circuit consisting of a plurality of pipes, which have a plurality of injectors.
- the number of injectors depends on the number, diameter and length of the pipes.
- the hydraulic circuit has the particularity that it is designed so that each and every one of the injectors receives the same water flow and at the same pressure, therefore, at the ends of the hydraulic circuit additionally there are flow and pressure meters, to that the appearance of gradients causes the number of injectors to be limited.
- the distance between injectors within a pipe is about 10-60 cm, and its distance is fixed by the diffusion of water saturated in oxygen in each injector, that is, each injection of each injector creates a bulb of saturated oxygen water in the sediment, so that the smaller the size of the bulb, the distance between injectors in the pipe is smaller.
- injectors are the key element of the system. They are ducts that enter the sediment at a depth of between 10 and 30 cm. These injectors are opaque ducts of rigid material for a correct introduction into the material of the sediment, being able to be of stainless steel or PVC, with a length between 40 and 120 cm, and a diameter between 4 and 12 mm, in which the end The lower part is sealed and has a conical configuration to facilitate the action of penetration into the sediment, and has a plurality of radial perforations from the conical area through which the saturated oxygen water is injected.
- the height of said conical tip is around 4 and 24 mm, and the perforations are located in a section between 1 and 7 cm high at a distance of 2 to 7 cm from the conical area duct
- the perforations are preferably circular openings between 0.5 and 3 mm in diameter, preferably between 15 and 25 perforations; although openings in the form of suitable mesh of nylon or steel with a mesh light of between 100 and 1000 microns can also be available.
- the pressure and flow rate used must be sufficient to displace the interstitial water, the higher the concentration of sediment fines, the pressure must be greater, and as seen previously, this pressure It is between 2 and 130 atm.
- the injection of seawater saturated with oxygen is carried out with a frequency or injection cycle that varies between 50 to 70 minutes of injection and 90 to 180 minutes of rest, and with a variable time depending on the sediment to be treated, being able to reach 30 days of work. Additionally, this procedure suggests the implementation of an environmental monitoring plan and verification of the efficiency of the method used, analyzing the changes that occur both in interstitial water and in the treated sediment itself.
- this work consists of monitoring over time, with temporary separation between measures between 3 and 7 days, at least the following parameters in interstitial water: redox potential, dissolved oxygen concentration, chemical oxygen demand, pH and sulphide sulfate concentration; and the organic matter content, smell and color of the sediment. It is also necessary to perform at least two measures prior to the start of treatment in order to compare before-after.
- anoxic aquatic sediments are defined as having a low concentration of dissolved oxygen and a negative redox potential, with typical values ranging between 0 and 2 mg 0 2 / L, and -50 and -200 mV respectively.
- the realization of the present invention by removing the interstitial water from the sediment, low in oxygen and with negative redox potential, and its change by water saturated in oxygen and positive redox potential achieves the oxidation of the oxidizable organic matter, improving the environmental conditions and use of said sediments.
- this oxidation allows the elimination of toxic substances for the fauna that lives within the sediment (infauna, mainly mesofauna -20 ⁇ at 200 ⁇ and macrofauna> 200 ⁇ ), mainly H 2 S; and also volatile malodorous substances are eliminated, such as reduced sulfur compounds that undermine the ability of a shallow beach to be used for bathing.
- Fig. 1 is a representation of the injection system scheme, in which all the elements with which the anoxic marine sediment remediation procedure is carried out are shown.
- Fig. 2 is a representation of an injector, which, as part of the system, is the element that is introduced into the marine sediment to be treated.
- Fig. 3 is a representation of a set of injectors.
- the injection of saturated water into the sediment (10) is carried out with an injection sequence between 90-180 minutes of rest and 50-70 minutes of injection.
- the bubbling is produced by a plurality of diffusers (4) generating fine bubbles (40) between 5-25 ⁇ in diameter; that the air blower (5) is external and of at least 0.2kW of power; that each injector (1) is introduced into the sediment (10) a depth (a) of between 10-30 cm ( Figure 2); and that the injection pressure with which the impulse pump (6) injects the water saturated with oxygen into the hydraulic circuit is between 2 and 130 atmospheres.
- a filtering system consisting of a plurality of filters (8) that are preferably located at the intake of the suction of the sea water, although it can also be at the exit, in which the filters (8) have a light of between 5 and 55 microns, and their function is to prevent the entry of sediments or other particles in the tank (3) and in the hydraulic injection circuit formed by the pipes (9) and injectors (1).
- each injector (1) is a cylindrical conduit connected at its upper end to a pipe (9) of the hydraulic circuit, which is introduced into the sediment (10) at a depth of between 10 and 30 cm.
- This injector (1) is an opaque conduit of rigid material for a correct introduction into the sediment material (10), and preferably has a length between 40 and 120 cm, and a diameter between 4 and 12 mm.
- the lower end (11) is sealed and has a conical configuration to facilitate the penetration action, which preferably has a height around 4 to 24 mm. From the conical zone, the injector (1) has a plurality of radial perforations (12) through which the saturated oxygen water is injected, generating an oxygenation bulb (13).
- the perforations (12) are located in a section between 1 and 7 cm high at a distance of 2 to 7 cm from the conical area of the conduit, said perforations being circular openings between 0, 5 and 3 mm in diameter, and having a total of between 15 and 25 openings.
- said perforations (12) are openings in the form of suitable mesh of nylon or steel with a mesh light of between 100 and 1000 microns, in a strip similar to the previous one.
- Figure 3 shows a series of injectors (1) connected to a pipe (9) of the hydraulic circuit, in which a separation between injectors (1) is noticed.
- the distance between injectors (1) is preferably between 10 and 60 cm, and its distance is fixed by the size of the bulb (13) of water saturated in oxygen generated by each injector (1) in the sediment, so that at a lower size of said bulb (13), the distance between injectors (1) in the pipe (9) is smaller.
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Abstract
Description
PROCEDIMIENTO, INYECTOR Y SISTEMA DE REMEDIACIÓN DE SEDIMENTOS PROCEDURE, INJECTOR AND REMEDIATION SYSTEM OF SEDIMENTS
MARINOS ANÓXICOS ANOXIC MARINES
Campo de la invención Field of the Invention
La presente invención se refiere a un procedimiento de remediación de sedimentos anóxicos en playas, puertos, estuarios o mar abierto, que se basa en la aspiración de agua de mar, un tratamiento intermedio que consigue saturar en oxígeno el agua aspirada a través de un sistema de burbujeo de aire , y una inyección final de dicha agua saturada en el sedimento a tratar con el fin de intercambiar el agua intersticial con baja concentración de oxígeno existente en ese medio por agua saturada en oxígeno, y para lo cual también se define el sistema de elementos y dispositivos necesarios para llevarlo a cabo. The present invention relates to a method of remediation of anoxic sediments on beaches, ports, estuaries or open sea, which is based on the aspiration of seawater, an intermediate treatment that manages to saturate the aspirated water in oxygen through a system of bubbling of air, and a final injection of said saturated water in the sediment to be treated in order to exchange the interstitial water with low concentration of oxygen in that medium for water saturated in oxygen, and for which the system is also defined of elements and devices necessary to carry it out.
Esta invención se centra en el campo de las tecnologías de descontaminación de sedimentos afectados por sustancias tanto de tipo orgánico como inorgánico, y más específicamente en los trabajos y técnicas relacionadas con la regeneración del sedimento y las condiciones para el uso público y recreativo de playas, y al acondicionamiento ambiental de sedimentos anóxicos extraídos durante el dragado de puertos. Estado de la técnica This invention focuses on the field of sediment decontamination technologies affected by both organic and inorganic substances, and more specifically on the work and techniques related to sediment regeneration and the conditions for public and recreational use of beaches, and the environmental conditioning of anoxic sediments extracted during dredging ports. State of the art
La existencia de sedimentos fangosos anóxicos en playas ni controlados ni tratados, es un problema ambiental conocido dentro del sector de las tecnologías de descontaminación y de acondicionamiento ambiental, de hecho, hasta la fecha no se conoce otra técnica que permita remediar dichos sedimentos que no implique la deslocalización. Ante estos problemas puntuales derivados del no control de los fangos, por ejemplo de malos olores, la solución habitual se reduce a un dragado y gestión de esos fangos anóxicos en otro lugar, normalmente vertiéndolos a un vertedero terrestre, o en el mismo mar pero en zonas alejadas de la costa. The existence of anoxic muddy sediments on beaches neither controlled nor treated, is an environmental problem known within the sector of decontamination and environmental conditioning technologies, in fact, to date there is no other technique that allows to remedy such sediments that does not imply relocation. Given these specific problems arising from the non-control of sludge, for example of bad odors, the usual solution is reduced to dredging and management of these anoxic sludge elsewhere, usually by dumping them to a landfill, or in the same sea but in remote areas of the coast.
En este sentido, la presencia de sedimentos anóxicos es frecuente en áreas excesivamente resguardadas por puertos o escolleras, donde el bajo hidrodinamismo favorece la sedimentación de material fino y la deposición de materia orgánica. Por esta razón, en estos lugares se generan zonas anóxicas ricas en materia orgánica en las que se produce la liberación de ácido sulfhídrico, H2S, y la formación de sulfuro ferroso, FeS, que junto con la materia orgánica acumulada, confieren un color negro brillante a los sedimentos, una textura plástica y un característico olor fétido. In this sense, the presence of anoxic sediments is frequent in areas excessively protected by ports or breakwaters, where low hydrodynamics favors the sedimentation of fine material and the deposition of organic matter. For this reason, in these places anoxic zones rich in organic matter are generated in which the release of hydrogen sulfide, H 2 S, and the formation of ferrous sulphide, FeS, which together with the accumulated organic matter, give a bright black color to the sediments, a plastic texture and a characteristic foul odor.
Además de este problema de pobre hidrodinamismo provocado principalmente por factores antropogénicos, en las últimas décadas se añade problema ambiental que radica en un cambio en las comunidades marinas bentónicas, donde por ejemplo el alga Caulerpa prolifera ha substituido en parte a las fanerógamas Posidonia oceánica y Cymodocea nodosa. La presencia de Caulerpa prolifera, por la forma de sus frondes, favorece la deposición de partículas finas, y también genera una gran cantidad de materia orgánica que se acumula en el sedimento, incrementando las ya condiciones reductoras presentes en estas zonas del litoral. In addition to this problem of poor hydrodynamics caused mainly by anthropogenic factors, in recent decades, an environmental problem has been added that lies in a change in the benthic marine communities, where for example the Caulerpa algae proliferates has partly replaced the oceanic Posidonia and Cymodocea phalangogams nodosa The presence of Caulerpa proliferates, due to the shape of its fronds, it favors the deposition of fine particles, and also generates a large amount of organic matter that accumulates in the sediment, increasing the already reducing conditions present in these coastal areas.
Como consecuencia de todos estos cambios, se potencia el porcentaje de materiales finos y de materia orgánica en el sedimento volviéndose fangoso, lo que afecta negativamente al potencial turístico y uso público de las playas, generándose entre otros la presencia de malos olores, además de reducir la biodiversidad asociada a dichos sedimentos, ya que la presencia de H2S en el sedimento, aun en bajas concentraciones, tiene una elevada toxicidad sobre las raíces de las fanerógamas, y en definitiva, se reduce la calidad ambiental del medio marino. As a consequence of all these changes, the percentage of fine materials and organic matter in the sediment is enhanced, becoming muddy, which negatively affects the tourist potential and public use of the beaches, generating among others the presence of bad odors, in addition to reducing the biodiversity associated with these sediments, since the presence of H 2 S in the sediment, even in low concentrations, has a high toxicity on the roots of the phanerogams, and ultimately, the environmental quality of the marine environment is reduced.
Cara a solucionar esta problemática, los trabajos desarrollados hasta la fecha en el campo de esta invención describen procedimientos de remediación de sedimentos marinos en zonas alejadas de la primera línea de costa y dirigidos a la eliminación de contaminantes de un origen muy diferente al propuesto en esta invención, tales como hidrocarburos del petróleo, aceites minerales, sustancias halogenadas, metales pesados, u otros, siendo los tratamientos de descontaminación elegidos en la mayoría de estos trabajos los conocidos dentro del sector como el "air sparging" y el "biosparging". In order to solve this problem, the works carried out to date in the field of this invention describe procedures for the remediation of marine sediments in areas far from the first coast line and aimed at the elimination of pollutants of a very different origin to the one proposed in this invention, such as petroleum hydrocarbons, mineral oils, halogenated substances, heavy metals, or others, being the decontamination treatments chosen in most of these works known in the sector as "air sparging" and "biosparging".
En consecuencia, la invención propuesta tiene entre sus novedades: Consequently, the proposed invention has among its novelties:
el tipo de contaminante a degradar, que en este caso es materia orgánica y sustancias inorgánicas generadas bajo condiciones de anoxia; the type of pollutant to be degraded, which in this case is organic matter and inorganic substances generated under anoxia conditions;
la zona de acumulación del mismo, que en la presente invención son playas someras y zonas de bajo hidrodinamismo que acumulen sedimentos anóxicos; y the zone of accumulation thereof, which in the present invention are shallow beaches and areas of low hydrodynamics that accumulate anoxic sediments; Y
el procedimiento y equipamiento para llevar a cabo la remediación de sedimentos fangosos, que como a continuación se describe es el de inyección de agua de mar saturada en oxígeno, el cual no se ha realizado hasta el momento. Cabe destacarse que la gran ventaja del presente invento respecto a otras técnicas de descontaminación existentes en la actualidad es su menor impacto ambiental, ya que no introduce ninguna sustancia exógena al medio, simplemente sustituye el agua intersticial del sedimento, la cual es pobre en oxígeno (concentraciones <2 mg 02/L a 20°C), por agua de mar saturada en oxígeno (concentraciones ~9 mg 02/L a 20°C), consiguiéndose en menos de 20 días, unas condiciones de buena oxigenación que permiten degradar los compuestos orgánicos e inorgánicos que se acumulan bajo condiciones de anoxia, y que provocan la formación de un fango insalubre. The procedure and equipment for carrying out the remediation of muddy sediments, which as described below is the injection of sea water saturated with oxygen, which has not been carried out so far. It should be noted that the great advantage of the present invention over other decontamination techniques currently available is its lower environmental impact, since it does not introduce any exogenous substance into the environment, it simply replaces the interstitial water of the sediment, which is poor in oxygen ( concentrations <2 mg 0 2 / L at 20 ° C), by sea water saturated with oxygen (concentrations ~ 9 mg 0 2 / L at 20 ° C), achieving in less than 20 days, good oxygenation conditions that allow Degrade organic and inorganic compounds that accumulate under anoxia conditions, and cause the formation of unhealthy sludge.
La presente invención, frente a otras metodologías, consigue la remediación de sedimentos anóxicos en ambientes acuáticos a través de la sustitución progresiva del agua intersticial anóxica o hipóxica, por agua saturada en oxígeno, transformando un sedimento anaeróbico, con altos contenidos en materia orgánica, textura plástica, color negro y olor fétido, en otro que tiene unas buenas condiciones de oxigenación, una menor plasticidad, es pobre en materia orgánica, y que ha perdido la coloración negra y el olor pestilente. Teniendo en cuenta las metodologías existentes en el estado de la técnica, el procedimiento y el sistema que se describe en la presente invención resuelve la problemática del tratamiento y remediación de sedimentos marinos anóxicos reduciendo al mínimo el impacto ambiental, y presenta una solución con la que se regenera dicho sedimento y permite mejorar las condiciones para el uso público y recreativo de las zonas de actuación, así como mejorar la aptitud del sedimento para albergar fauna y la comunidad vegetal y algal asociada. The present invention, compared to other methodologies, achieves the remediation of anoxic sediments in aquatic environments through the progressive substitution of anoxic or hypoxic interstitial water, by water saturated with oxygen, transforming an anaerobic sediment, with high organic matter content, texture plastic, black color and foul smell, in another that has good oxygenation conditions, less plasticity, is poor in organic matter, and has lost black color and stinky smell. Taking into account the existing methodologies in the state of the art, the procedure and the system described in the present invention solves the problem of the treatment and remediation of anoxic marine sediments, minimizing the environmental impact, and presents a solution with which This sediment is regenerated and allows improving the conditions for public and recreational use of the areas of action, as well as improving the ability of the sediment to house wildlife and the associated plant and algal community.
Descripción de la invención La presente invención define un procedimiento de remediación de sedimentos marinos anóxicos, cuya base científica se centra en mejorar el aporte de oxígeno disuelto en agua a las diferentes fracciones de materia orgánica oxidable y otros compuestos inorgánicos reducidos que se acumulan en el seno de un sedimento, siendo la solución descrita a continuación la de inyectar agua de mar saturada en oxígeno, de forma que se consiga desplazar el agua intersticial anóxica presente en el medio. Description of the invention The present invention defines a method of remediation of anoxic marine sediments, whose scientific basis focuses on improving the contribution of dissolved oxygen in water to the different fractions of oxidizable organic matter and other reduced inorganic compounds that accumulate in the breast. of a sediment, the solution described below being that of injecting sea water saturated with oxygen, so that the anoxic interstitial water present in the medium is displaced.
El procedimiento comprende una serie de etapas, las cuales se llevan a cabo por medio de un tipo de instrumentos, que forman en su conjunto un sistema, así como qué parámetros de seguimiento se han de tener en cuenta a la hora de implementar dicho procedimiento. Para empezar, el procedimiento parte de una etapa inicial consistente en la obtención o captación de agua de mar, la cual se succiona o aspira con una bomba de aspiración de agua, ya sea sumergible o de superficie, la cual vierte el agua succionada en una cuba o depósito de almacenamiento. Esta bomba de aspiración es una bomba de caudal regulable, ya que el flujo de entrada al depósito debe ser al menos igual al de salida, lo cual se expone más adelante. The procedure comprises a series of stages, which are carried out by means of a type of instruments, which together form a system, as well as what monitoring parameters must be taken into account when implementing said procedure. To begin, the procedure starts from an initial stage consisting of obtaining or capturing seawater, which is suctioned or aspirated with a water suction pump, either submersible or surface, which pours the sucked water into a tank or storage tank. This suction pump is an adjustable flow pump, since the inlet flow to the tank must be at least equal to that of the outlet, which is set forth below.
El depósito es un lugar intermedio de almacenamiento de agua que es utilizado para la saturación de oxígeno de la misma. El volumen de dicho depósito es al menos el necesario para cubrir la demanda de agua saturada en oxígeno durante un periodo de inyección. Este volumen, por tanto, se ve condicionado por el resto de elementos y parámetros de la inyección. The reservoir is an intermediate water storage place that is used for oxygen saturation. The volume of said reservoir is at least that necessary to meet the demand for water saturated in oxygen during an injection period. This volume, therefore, is conditioned by the rest of the elements and parameters of the injection.
El depósito tiene la particularidad de comprender de: The deposit has the particularity of comprising:
- un sistema de filtrado consistente en una pluralidad de filtros que se ubican en la entrada de la aspiración de la bomba impulsora de agua marina. Estos filtros disponen de una luz de entre 5 y 55 mieras, y su función es la de evitar la entrada de sedimentos u otras partículas en el depósito y en el circuito general de inyección; - a filtering system consisting of a plurality of filters that are located at the suction inlet of the seawater booster pump. These filters have a light of between 5 and 55 microns, and their function is to prevent the entry of sediments or other particles in the tank and in the general injection circuit;
-un sistema de burbujeo continuo de aire, formado por una pluralidad de difusores y un soplador de aire. Los difusores son de burbuja fina, entre 5-25 μηι, ubicados y distribuidos en toda base del depósito, cuya función es la de aumentar la concentración de oxígeno disuelto en el agua hasta alcanzar valores cercanos a la saturación, aproximadamente entre 6 y 9 mg 02/L a 20°C. Por su parte, el soplador exterior es un soplador de al menos 0,2 kW. Este sistema de burbujeo es tal que, la pluralidad de difusores repartidos por el fondo del depósito crean un burbujeo continuo y homogéneo, más eficiente cuanto más pequeña es la burbuja, y propicia que el agua en el depósito esté en constante movimiento y la saturación de oxígeno sea homogénea. -a continuous air bubbling system, consisting of a plurality of diffusers and an air blower. The diffusers are of fine bubble, between 5-25 μηι, located and distributed in every base of the tank, whose function is to increase the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the water until reaching values close to saturation, approximately between 6 and 9 mg 0 2 / L at 20 ° C. For its part, the external blower is a blower of at least 0.2 kW. This bubbling system is such that, the plurality of diffusers distributed around the bottom of the tank create a continuous and homogeneous bubbling, more efficient the smaller the bubble, and causes the water in the tank to be in constant motion and saturation of oxygen be homogeneous.
- al menos un oxímetro sumergido en la masa acuática del depósito, cuya función es la de medir la concentración de oxígeno en el agua, y realizar medidas en continuo. - at least one oximeter submerged in the aquatic mass of the tank, whose function is to measure the concentration of oxygen in the water, and carry out continuous measurements.
- adicionalmente, conectado al oxímetro, se puede disponer de un procesador de gestione las variaciones de la concentración de oxígeno disuelto en agua. - una bomba de impulsión del agua saturada en el depósito hacia el circuito hidráulico inyector de agua saturada. Esta bomba de impulsión es una bomba de entre 2 atm y 130 atm de presión, en el que para la inyección en un sedimento grueso es necesario la utilización de una bomba de baja presión, mientras que para un sedimento fino se requiere de una bomba de alta presión. - Additionally, connected to the oximeter, a processor can be arranged to manage the variations in the concentration of dissolved oxygen in water. - a pump for supplying the saturated water in the tank to the hydraulic injector circuit of saturated water. This drive pump is a pump between 2 atm and 130 atm of pressure, in which for the injection in a thick sediment the use of a low pressure pump is necessary, while for a fine sediment a high pressure pump is required.
El agua saturada es introducida a presión en un circuito hidráulico constituido por una pluralidad de tuberías, las cuales disponen de una pluralidad de inyectores. El número de inyectores depende del número, diámetro y longitud de las tuberías. El circuito hidráulico tiene la particularidad de que está diseñado para que todos y cada uno de los inyectores reciban el mismo caudal de agua y a la misma presión, por tanto, en los extremos del circuito hidráulico adicionalmente se disponen de contadores de caudal y presión, para que la aparición de gradientes haga que se limite el número de inyectores. En principio, se estima que la distancia entre inyectores dentro de una tubería es de unos 10-60 cm, y su distancia viene fijada por la difusión del agua saturada en oxígeno en cada inyector, es decir, cada inyección de cada inyector crea un bulbo de agua saturada de oxígeno en el sedimento, de manera que a menor tamaño de dicho bulbo, la distancia entre inyectores en la tubería es menor. Saturated water is introduced under pressure in a hydraulic circuit consisting of a plurality of pipes, which have a plurality of injectors. The number of injectors depends on the number, diameter and length of the pipes. The hydraulic circuit has the particularity that it is designed so that each and every one of the injectors receives the same water flow and at the same pressure, therefore, at the ends of the hydraulic circuit additionally there are flow and pressure meters, to that the appearance of gradients causes the number of injectors to be limited. In principle, it is estimated that the distance between injectors within a pipe is about 10-60 cm, and its distance is fixed by the diffusion of water saturated in oxygen in each injector, that is, each injection of each injector creates a bulb of saturated oxygen water in the sediment, so that the smaller the size of the bulb, the distance between injectors in the pipe is smaller.
Estos inyectores son el elemento clave del sistema. Son unos conductos que se introducen en el sedimento a una profundidad de entre 10 y 30 cm. Estos inyectores son conductos opacos de material rígido para una correcta introducción en el material del sedimento, pudiendo ser de acero inoxidable o PVC, con una longitud de entre 40 y 120 cm, y un diámetro entre 4 y 12 mm, en el que el extremo inferior está sellado y tiene configuración cónica para facilitar la acción de penetración en el sedimento, y dispone a partir de la zona cónica de una pluralidad de perforaciones radiales por las que sale inyectado el agua saturada de oxígeno. Entrando en detalle, preferentemente la altura de dicha punta cónica está en el entorno de los 4 y 24 mm, y las perforaciones se ubican en una sección de entre 1 y 7 cm de altura a una distancia de 2 a 7 cm de la zona cónica del conducto. Las perforaciones son preferentemente aberturas circulares de entre 0,5 y 3 mm de diámetro, realizándose de manera preferente entre 15 y 25 perforaciones; aunque también puede disponerse de unas aberturas en forma de malla adecuada de nylon o acero con una luz de malla de entre 100 y 1000 mieras. Una vez los inyectores están introducidos en el sedimento a tratar, se inyecta el agua saturada de oxígeno desde el depósito. Como norma general la presión y caudal utilizados deben ser suficientes para desplazar el agua intersticial, a mayor concentración de finos del sedimento, la presión ha de ser mayor, y como se ha visto con anterioridad, esta presión está entre las 2 y 130 atm. Para conseguir la regeneración del sedimento, la inyección de agua de mar saturada en oxígeno se realiza con una frecuencia o ciclo de inyección que varía entre los 50 a 70 minutos de inyección y 90 a 180 minutos de reposo, y con un tiempo variable dependiendo del sedimento a tratar, pudiendo llegar a 30 días de trabajo. Adicionalmente, este procedimiento sugiere la implementación de un plan de seguimiento ambiental y de comprobación de la eficiencia del método utilizado, analizando los cambios que se producen tanto en el agua intersticial como en el propio sedimento tratado. En especial este trabajo consiste en monitorizar a lo largo del tiempo, con separación temporal entre medidas de entre 3 y 7 días, al menos los siguientes parámetros en el agua intersticial: potencial redox, concentración de oxígeno disuelto, demanda química de oxígeno, pH y concentración de sulfuros-sulfatos; y el contenido en materia orgánica, olor y color den el sedimento. También es necesario realizar al menos dos medidas anteriores al inicio del tratamiento para poder comparar antes-después. These injectors are the key element of the system. They are ducts that enter the sediment at a depth of between 10 and 30 cm. These injectors are opaque ducts of rigid material for a correct introduction into the material of the sediment, being able to be of stainless steel or PVC, with a length between 40 and 120 cm, and a diameter between 4 and 12 mm, in which the end The lower part is sealed and has a conical configuration to facilitate the action of penetration into the sediment, and has a plurality of radial perforations from the conical area through which the saturated oxygen water is injected. Going into detail, preferably the height of said conical tip is around 4 and 24 mm, and the perforations are located in a section between 1 and 7 cm high at a distance of 2 to 7 cm from the conical area duct The perforations are preferably circular openings between 0.5 and 3 mm in diameter, preferably between 15 and 25 perforations; although openings in the form of suitable mesh of nylon or steel with a mesh light of between 100 and 1000 microns can also be available. Once the injectors are introduced into the sediment to be treated, saturated oxygen water is injected from the reservoir. As a general rule, the pressure and flow rate used must be sufficient to displace the interstitial water, the higher the concentration of sediment fines, the pressure must be greater, and as seen previously, this pressure It is between 2 and 130 atm. To achieve sediment regeneration, the injection of seawater saturated with oxygen is carried out with a frequency or injection cycle that varies between 50 to 70 minutes of injection and 90 to 180 minutes of rest, and with a variable time depending on the sediment to be treated, being able to reach 30 days of work. Additionally, this procedure suggests the implementation of an environmental monitoring plan and verification of the efficiency of the method used, analyzing the changes that occur both in interstitial water and in the treated sediment itself. In particular, this work consists of monitoring over time, with temporary separation between measures between 3 and 7 days, at least the following parameters in interstitial water: redox potential, dissolved oxygen concentration, chemical oxygen demand, pH and sulphide sulfate concentration; and the organic matter content, smell and color of the sediment. It is also necessary to perform at least two measures prior to the start of treatment in order to compare before-after.
Para terminar, cabe destacarse que por norma general los sedimentos acuáticos anóxicos se definen por tener una baja concentración de oxígeno disuelto y un potencial redox negativo, con valores típicos que oscilan entre 0 y 2 mg 02/L, y -50 y -200 mV respectivamente. La realización de la presente invención, mediante la remoción del agua intersticial del sedimento, baja en oxígeno y con potencial redox negativo, y su cambio por agua saturada en oxígeno y potencial redox positivo consigue la oxidación de la materia orgánica oxidable, mejorando las condiciones ambientales y de uso de dichos sedimentos. Además, esta oxidación permite la eliminación de sustancias tóxicas para la fauna que vive dentro del sedimento (infauna, principalmente mesofauna -20μηι a 200 μηι y macrofauna >200 μηι), principalmente H2S; y también se eliminan sustancias volátiles malolientes, como los compuestos reducidos del azufre que menoscaban la capacidad de una playa somera de ser utilizada para el baño. Finally, it should be noted that as a general rule anoxic aquatic sediments are defined as having a low concentration of dissolved oxygen and a negative redox potential, with typical values ranging between 0 and 2 mg 0 2 / L, and -50 and -200 mV respectively. The realization of the present invention, by removing the interstitial water from the sediment, low in oxygen and with negative redox potential, and its change by water saturated in oxygen and positive redox potential achieves the oxidation of the oxidizable organic matter, improving the environmental conditions and use of said sediments. In addition, this oxidation allows the elimination of toxic substances for the fauna that lives within the sediment (infauna, mainly mesofauna -20μηι at 200 μηι and macrofauna> 200 μηι), mainly H 2 S; and also volatile malodorous substances are eliminated, such as reduced sulfur compounds that undermine the ability of a shallow beach to be used for bathing.
Para completar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, se acompaña como parte integrante de la misma un juego de dibujos en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo se ha representado lo siguiente: In order to complete the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part thereof, where the following has been represented as an illustrative and non-limiting nature:
Fig.1 es una representación del esquema del sistema de inyección, en el que se muestran todos los elementos con los que se lleva a cabo el procedimiento de remediación de sedimentos marinos anóxicos Fig.2 es una representación de un inyector, que formando parte del sistema, es el elemento que se introduce en el sedimento marino a tratar. Fig. 1 is a representation of the injection system scheme, in which all the elements with which the anoxic marine sediment remediation procedure is carried out are shown. Fig. 2 is a representation of an injector, which, as part of the system, is the element that is introduced into the marine sediment to be treated.
Fig.3 es una representación de un juego de inyectores. Fig. 3 is a representation of a set of injectors.
Exposición de un modo detallado de realización de la invención. Statement of a detailed embodiment of the invention.
Teniendo en cuenta las figuras anteriores, y en concreto la Figura 1 , el procedimiento de remediación de sedimentos marinos anóxicos se basa en una serie de etapas que siguen una secuencia establecida y que comprende de los siguientes pasos: Taking into account the previous figures, and in particular Figure 1, the procedure for the remediation of anoxic marine sediments is based on a series of stages that follow an established sequence and that includes the following steps:
- aspiración de agua de mar, lo cual se lleva a cabo con una bomba aspiración (2);- seawater aspiration, which is carried out with an aspiration pump (2);
- almacenamiento en un depósito (3) de dicha agua de mar aspirada; - storage in a tank (3) of said aspirated seawater;
- tratamiento en el depósito (3) del agua de mar con un sistema de burbujeo hasta que el agua llega a una concentración de oxígeno disuelto en un rango de entre 6 y 9 mg 02/L a 20°C, estando dicho sistema de burbujeo formado por una pluralidad de difusores (4) y un soplador de aire (5), y midiéndose la concentración de oxígeno con un oxí metro (7); - treatment in the tank (3) of the seawater with a bubbling system until the water reaches a concentration of dissolved oxygen in a range between 6 and 9 mg 0 2 / L at 20 ° C, said system being bubbling formed by a plurality of diffusers (4) and an air blower (5), and the oxygen concentration being measured with an oxymeter (7);
- inyección por medio de una bomba de impulsión (6) de dicha agua saturada a un circuito hidráulico que dispone de tuberías (9) con una pluralidad de inyectores (1) que son introducidos en el sedimento (10) a tratar y en el que los inyectores (1) tienen perforaciones por donde el agua saturada es inyectada en dicho sedimento; y - injection by means of an impeller pump (6) of said saturated water to a hydraulic circuit that has pipes (9) with a plurality of injectors (1) that are introduced into the sediment (10) to be treated and in which the injectors (1) have perforations where saturated water is injected into said sediment; Y
- la inyección de agua saturada en el sedimento (10) se realiza con una secuencia de inyección de entre 90-180 minutos de reposo y 50-70 minutos de inyección. - the injection of saturated water into the sediment (10) is carried out with an injection sequence between 90-180 minutes of rest and 50-70 minutes of injection.
En este sentido, cabe destacarse que, el burbujeo se produce por una pluralidad de difusores (4) generadores de burbujas finas (40) de entre 5-25 μηι de diámetro; que el soplador de aire (5) es exterior y de al menos 0,2kW de potencia; que cada inyector (1) se introduce en el sedimento (10) una profundidad (a) de entre 10-30 cm (Figura 2); y que la presión de inyección con la que la bomba de impulsión (6) inyecta el agua saturada en oxígeno al circuito hidráulico es de entre 2 y 130 atmósferas. In this regard, it should be noted that the bubbling is produced by a plurality of diffusers (4) generating fine bubbles (40) between 5-25 μηι in diameter; that the air blower (5) is external and of at least 0.2kW of power; that each injector (1) is introduced into the sediment (10) a depth (a) of between 10-30 cm (Figure 2); and that the injection pressure with which the impulse pump (6) injects the water saturated with oxygen into the hydraulic circuit is between 2 and 130 atmospheres.
Adicionalmente, en el depósito (3) se dispone de un sistema de filtrado consistente en una pluralidad de filtros (8) que se ubican preferentemente en la entrada de la aspiración del agua marina, aunque también puede estar a la salida, en el que los filtros (8) disponen de una luz de entre 5 y 55 mieras, y su función es la de evitar la entrada de sedimentos u otras partículas en el depósito (3) y en el circuito hidráulico de inyección formado por las tuberías (9) e inyectores (1). Additionally, in the tank (3) there is a filtering system consisting of a plurality of filters (8) that are preferably located at the intake of the suction of the sea water, although it can also be at the exit, in which the filters (8) have a light of between 5 and 55 microns, and their function is to prevent the entry of sediments or other particles in the tank (3) and in the hydraulic injection circuit formed by the pipes (9) and injectors (1).
Tal como se puede observar de manera detallada en la Figura 2, cada inyector (1) es un conducto cilindrico conectado en su extremo superior a una tubería (9) del circuito hidráulico, que se introduce en el sedimento (10) a una profundidad de entre 10 y 30 cm. Este inyector (1) es un conducto opaco de material rígido para una correcta introducción en el material del sedimento (10), y en preferentemente dispone de una longitud de entre 40 y 120 cm, y un diámetro entre 4 y 12 mm. Para la correcta introducción en el sedimento (10), el extremo inferior (11) está sellado y tiene configuración cónica para facilitar la acción de penetración, que preferentemente tiene una altura en el entorno de los 4 a 24 mm. A partir de la zona cónica, el inyector (1) dispone de una pluralidad de perforaciones (12) radiales por las que sale inyectado el agua saturada de oxígeno, generándose un bulbo (13) de oxigenación. As can be seen in detail in Figure 2, each injector (1) is a cylindrical conduit connected at its upper end to a pipe (9) of the hydraulic circuit, which is introduced into the sediment (10) at a depth of between 10 and 30 cm. This injector (1) is an opaque conduit of rigid material for a correct introduction into the sediment material (10), and preferably has a length between 40 and 120 cm, and a diameter between 4 and 12 mm. For the correct introduction into the sediment (10), the lower end (11) is sealed and has a conical configuration to facilitate the penetration action, which preferably has a height around 4 to 24 mm. From the conical zone, the injector (1) has a plurality of radial perforations (12) through which the saturated oxygen water is injected, generating an oxygenation bulb (13).
En una realización preferente de la invención, las perforaciones (12) se ubican en una sección de entre 1 y 7 cm de altura a una distancia de 2 a 7 cm de la zona cónica del conducto, siendo dichas perforaciones aberturas circulares de entre 0,5 y 3 mm de diámetro, y habiendo un total de entre 15 y 25 aberturas. En otra realización, dichas perforaciones (12) son unas aberturas en forma de malla adecuada de nylon o acero con una luz de malla de entre 100 y 1000 mieras, en una franja similar a la anterior. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the perforations (12) are located in a section between 1 and 7 cm high at a distance of 2 to 7 cm from the conical area of the conduit, said perforations being circular openings between 0, 5 and 3 mm in diameter, and having a total of between 15 and 25 openings. In another embodiment, said perforations (12) are openings in the form of suitable mesh of nylon or steel with a mesh light of between 100 and 1000 microns, in a strip similar to the previous one.
La Figura 3 muestra una serie de inyectores (1) conectados a una tubería (9) del circuito hidráulico, en los que se advierte una separación entre inyectores (1). La distancia entre inyectores (1) es preferentemente de entre 10 y 60 cm, y su distancia viene fijada por el tamaño del bulbo (13) de agua saturada en oxígeno que genera cada inyector (1) en el sedimento, de manera que a menor tamaño de dicho bulbo (13), la distancia entre inyectores (1) en la tubería (9) es menor. Figure 3 shows a series of injectors (1) connected to a pipe (9) of the hydraulic circuit, in which a separation between injectors (1) is noticed. The distance between injectors (1) is preferably between 10 and 60 cm, and its distance is fixed by the size of the bulb (13) of water saturated in oxygen generated by each injector (1) in the sediment, so that at a lower size of said bulb (13), the distance between injectors (1) in the pipe (9) is smaller.
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES201730723A ES2691307B2 (en) | 2017-05-24 | 2017-05-24 | PROCEDURE, INJECTOR AND REMEDIATION SYSTEM OF ANOXIC MARINE SEDIMENTS |
| ESP201730723 | 2017-05-24 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2018215680A1 true WO2018215680A1 (en) | 2018-11-29 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/ES2018/070363 Ceased WO2018215680A1 (en) | 2017-05-24 | 2018-05-18 | Method, injector and system for the remediation of anoxic marine sediments |
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| Country | Link |
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| ES (1) | ES2691307B2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2018215680A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20230094038A1 (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2023-03-30 | Ronald Pote | System and method for water body algae control |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1998042626A1 (en) * | 1997-03-26 | 1998-10-01 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Remediation material and remediation process for sediments |
| US6948881B1 (en) * | 2003-03-21 | 2005-09-27 | University Of New Hampshire | Remediation injection vessel for marshes, tidal flats, and wetlands |
-
2017
- 2017-05-24 ES ES201730723A patent/ES2691307B2/en active Active
-
2018
- 2018-05-18 WO PCT/ES2018/070363 patent/WO2018215680A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1998042626A1 (en) * | 1997-03-26 | 1998-10-01 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Remediation material and remediation process for sediments |
| US6948881B1 (en) * | 2003-03-21 | 2005-09-27 | University Of New Hampshire | Remediation injection vessel for marshes, tidal flats, and wetlands |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20230094038A1 (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2023-03-30 | Ronald Pote | System and method for water body algae control |
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| ES2691307A1 (en) | 2018-11-26 |
| ES2691307B2 (en) | 2019-04-12 |
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