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WO2018107537A1 - 一种异型铜单线大截面海缆导体设计方法 - Google Patents

一种异型铜单线大截面海缆导体设计方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018107537A1
WO2018107537A1 PCT/CN2016/113290 CN2016113290W WO2018107537A1 WO 2018107537 A1 WO2018107537 A1 WO 2018107537A1 CN 2016113290 W CN2016113290 W CN 2016113290W WO 2018107537 A1 WO2018107537 A1 WO 2018107537A1
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Prior art keywords
line
conductor
shaped
shaped single
special
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PCT/CN2016/113290
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
梅文杰
张翀
潘文林
陈新
李文鹏
李春梅
高正平
沈小伟
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State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute Co Ltd
Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
Hengtong Submarine Power Cable Co Ltd
Original Assignee
State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute Co Ltd
Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
Hengtong Submarine Power Cable Co Ltd
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Application filed by State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd, Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute Co Ltd, Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd, Hengtong Submarine Power Cable Co Ltd filed Critical State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
Priority to DE112016003098.3T priority Critical patent/DE112016003098T5/de
Publication of WO2018107537A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018107537A1/zh
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2113/00—Details relating to the application field
    • G06F2113/16—Cables, cable trees or wire harnesses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/02—Stranding-up
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B5/00—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B5/08—Several wires or the like stranded in the form of a rope

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of power cables, and particularly relates to a design method of a large-profile copper single-wire large-section sea cable conductor.
  • the direct current transmission has the advantages of small line loss, easy interconnection with the grid, long-distance high-power transmission economy, and the solution of the voltage source converter and PWM technology for shutting down the device, especially the construction of the international energy Internet.
  • the direct current transmission technology has received more and more attention.
  • the research and development of 500kV DC submarine cable requires a conductor section of 3000mm 2 , but GB/T3956-2008 only specifies a nominal cross-sectional area of 0.5mm 2 to 2500mm 2 for 3000mm 2 section.
  • Part of the 3000mm 2 section conductor design patent only considers the copper single-wire section as small as possible to facilitate the production and the stranding process. It does not consider the pitch problem of copper single-wire stranding, resulting in a 3000mm 2 section conductor.
  • the water blocking effect is not ideal, and the measurement of the resistance of the 3000mm 2 section conductor is not yet mature.
  • the technical problem mainly solved by the present invention is to provide a design method for a large-profile copper single-wire large-section sea cable conductor.
  • a design method for a special-shaped copper single-wire large-section sea cable conductor comprising:
  • the specific steps include:
  • k 1 is the conductor coefficient
  • k 2 is the stranding factor
  • ⁇ is the copper conductor resistivity
  • R is the resistance
  • ⁇ is the conductor fill factor and the value of ⁇ is set according to requirements
  • the ratio of W to H of the shaped single wire is controlled to be about 1.5, and the five-shaped circular compacted conductor structure of the shaped single-wire is proposed. a design scheme, wherein W is the width of the shaped single line, and H is the height of the shaped single line;
  • D is the outer diameter of the layer and L is the pitch of the layer
  • step 2) Design of single-shaped single-line: According to step 2), five design schemes of profiled single-line circularly-pressed conductor structure are proposed, and one of the design schemes is selected to obtain the size R 1 of each single-shaped single-line. , R 2 , ⁇ and the number of roots per layer n;
  • the special-shaped single-line circular pressing structure has a larger filling coefficient than the circular single-line circular pressing structure, and the filling coefficient ⁇ ' of each layer can be obtained by the formula (5);
  • R 1 and R 2 are the outer and inner arc radii of the odd-shaped single line, respectively, ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 respectively correspond to the arc, n is the number of odd-shaped single-line, r is the chamfer radius of the odd-shaped single line, and the value of r is considered comprehensively. The value that the cable manufacturer can actually produce and the value of the conductor design are determined;
  • the five designs of the profiled single-line circularly-pressed conductor structure in the step 2) include: a. the center line adopts a 5-layer twist with a cross-sectional area of 50 mm 2 circularly pressed conductor. The same type of single-line circular compacted conductor, b. The center line adopts a 5-layer stranded shaped single-line circular compacted conductor with a cross-sectional area of 70 mm 2 circularly pressed conductor, c. The center line adopts a cross-sectional area of 95 mm 2 6-layer stranded profiled single-line circular compacted conductor of pressed conductor, d.
  • centerline adopts 6-layer stranded shaped single-line circular compacted conductor with cross-sectional area of 185mm 2 circular compacted conductor, e. centerline adopts diameter 6-layer stranded profiled single-wire round compacted conductor of 6mm solid copper rod.
  • the center line is selected to be a 6-layer stranded shaped single-line circularly pressed conductor having a 6 mm diameter solid copper rod.
  • the centerline uses a 6-layer stranded profiled single-wire circular compacted conductor having a 6 mm diameter solid copper rod for informal stranding.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects of the invention: a design method of a special-shaped copper single-wire large-section sea cable conductor according to the invention, the design method adopts a special-shaped copper single-wire design sea-shell conductor, and the design value of the conductor compaction coefficient is 0.97, which is greatly affected by the pitch.
  • the water-blocking effect of the conductor is improved, the cross-sectional area of each copper single wire is kept consistent, the skin effect and the proximity effect are reduced, and it is suitable for transmitting alternating current.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural schematic view of a conductor designed by a copper-shaped single-wire large-section cable conductor design method.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a profiled single wire of a profiled copper single-wire large-section cable conductor design method.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a profiled single-wire structure of a special-shaped copper single-wire large-section sea line conductor design method.
  • an embodiment of the present invention includes: a method for designing a large-profile copper single-wire large-section submarine cable conductor, comprising:
  • the specific steps include:
  • k 1 is the conductor coefficient
  • k 2 is the stranding coefficient
  • ⁇ is the copper conductor resistivity
  • R is the resistance.
  • k 1 is 1.02
  • k 2 is 1.03
  • ⁇ is 1.724 1 ⁇ 10 -8.
  • ⁇ m R is 0.0060 ⁇ /km
  • S is 3018.9 mm 2 .
  • the calculated conductor cross-sectional area S is then taken into equation (2) to calculate the conductor outer diameter D A .
  • ⁇ is the conductor filling factor
  • ⁇ is set according to requirements.
  • ⁇ is 0.97
  • D A ⁇ 62.95 mm is obtained, which is further corrected to 63.0 mm.
  • the ratio of W to H of the shaped single line is controlled to be about 1.5, where W is the width of the shaped single line, and H is the shaped
  • the height of the single wire is such that five designs of the profiled single-line circularly-pressed conductor structure are proposed, as shown in Table 1, including: a.
  • the center line adopts a 5-layer stranded shaped single wire with a cross-sectional area of 50 mm 2 circularly pressed conductor. Round compacted conductor, b.
  • the center line adopts a 5-layer stranded shaped single-line circular compacted conductor with a cross-sectional area of 70 mm 2 circularly pressed conductor, c.
  • the center line adopts a circular compacted conductor with a cross-sectional area of 95 mm 2 6-layer stranded shaped single-line circular compacted conductor, d.
  • center line adopts 6-layer stranded shaped single-line circular compacted conductor with cross-sectional area of 185mm 2 circularly pressed conductor, e. center line adopts 6mm diameter solid copper
  • a 6-layer stranded profiled single-line circular compacted conductor adopts a 5-layer stranded shaped single-line circular compacted conductor with a cross-sectional area of 70 mm 2 circularly pressed conductor, c.
  • the center line adopts a circular compacted conductor with a cross-sectional area of 95 mm 2 6-layer stranded shaped single-line circular compact
  • D is the outer diameter of the layer
  • L is the pitch of the layer
  • the pitch is the distance of the copper single wire around the conductor.
  • step 2) design of single-shaped single-line: According to step 2), five design schemes of special-shaped single-line circular compacted conductor structure are proposed, and one of the design schemes is selected after comparison.
  • Scheme a and scheme b adopt the 91 frame of cable manufacturer's conventional configuration. The winch (the maximum number of stranded layers is 5 layers) can be produced, but the width of the innermost profiled single line is too large (close to 2), and it is easy to turn over when twisted, which is not conducive to production, and the maximum cross-sectional area of the shaped single line 36.48mm 2 or 35.28mm 2 , the requirements for copper rods and wire drawing machines are too high, and the production difficulty is too great.
  • the cross-sectional area of the shaped single line in the scheme b is slightly smaller, and the production and processing are difficult. Small, but according to the company's many test results, the water-blocking effect of the scheme a water-blocking conductor is better. Therefore, when using the 91-frame stranding machine, the scheme a is a better choice than the scheme b.
  • Scheme c, scheme d and scheme e need to adopt 127 frame stranding machine (the maximum number of stranded layers is 6 layers) to produce, the cross-sectional area of the shaped single line is obviously reduced, the aspect ratio is more reasonable, the production difficulty, the twisting difficulty and The efficiency is greatly improved.
  • the ratio of the profiled single line width is similar in scheme c and scheme d.
  • the maximum cross-sectional area of the different shaped single wires is 31.14mm 2 and 29.64mm 2 . According to the results of many trials of the company, the resistance of the two The water-blocking effect of the water conductor is similar. Therefore, compared with the scheme c, the scheme d is superior because the cross-sectional area of the shaped single line is slightly smaller and the production processing is less difficult.
  • the center line adopts the scheme of circularly pressing the conductor structure, which needs to be twisted twice.
  • the production efficiency is too low, and the water blocking effect of the center line itself is required to be good
  • the scheme e The center line adopts a 6mm diameter solid copper rod made by 8mm solid copper rod through wire drawing annealing. It has better water blocking effect, high production efficiency and low production cost, so the advantages are obvious.
  • Scheme d and scheme e The profiled single-line aspect ratio and the maximum cross-sectional area are similar, and even the latter's profiled single-line maximum cross-sectional area is smaller.
  • the center line adopts a 6-layer stranded shaped single-line circle with a 6 mm diameter solid copper rod.
  • the shaped compacted conductors are irregularly stranded to obtain the dimensions R 1 , R 2 , ⁇ of each single shaped single wire and the number n of each layer;
  • the special-shaped single-line circular pressing structure has a larger filling coefficient than the circular single-line circular pressing structure, and the filling coefficient ⁇ ' of each layer can be obtained by the formula (5).
  • R 1 and R 2 are the outer and inner arc radii of the odd-shaped single line, respectively, ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 respectively correspond to the arc, n is the number of odd-shaped single-line, r is the chamfer radius of the odd-shaped single line, and the value of r is considered comprehensively.
  • the value that the cable manufacturer can actually produce and the design value of the conductor design are determined.
  • the present invention relates to a method for designing a special-shaped copper single-wire large-section sea cable conductor.
  • the design method adopts a special-shaped copper single-wire design sea cable conductor, and the design value of the conductor compaction coefficient is 0.97, combined with the pitch.
  • the influence greatly improves the water blocking effect of the conductor.
  • the cross-sectional area of each copper single wire is consistent, which reduces the skin effect and the proximity effect, and is suitable for transmitting alternating current.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

一种异型铜单线大截面海缆导体设计方法，具体步骤包括：1)外径的计算；2)结构的选择；3)每根异型单线倾斜角度的计算；4)单根异型单线的设计；5)异型单线两边延长线对应的圆心角的修正；6)异型单线填充系数的计算；7)判断η与η'的值的大小；8)得到最终设计方案。该设计方法采用异型铜单线设计海缆导体，导体紧压系数设计值为0.97，并结合节距对异型单线排列的影响，提高了导体的阻水效果，每根铜单线的截面积尽量保持一致，减小了集肤效应和邻近效应，适合传输交流电。

Description

一种异型铜单线大截面海缆导体设计方法 技术领域
本发明属于电力电缆领域，具体涉及一种异型铜单线大截面海缆导体设计方法。
背景技术
随着海岛开发战略和海上可再生能源发电的快速发展，海上风力发电迅速扩张，海底高压电力电缆需求越来越大。
直流输电具有线路损耗小、易与电网非同步互联、远距离大功率输电经济性等优点以及可关断器件的电压源换流器及PWM技术的解决，尤其是国际能源互联网的建设深入，柔性直流输电技术受到越来越多的关注，目前国内在研发500kV直流海底电缆，要求导体截面3000mm2，但GB/T3956-2008只规定了标称截面积0.5mm2到2500mm2，对于3000mm2截面导体还没有明确的要求，部分3000mm2截面导体设计专利只是综合考虑了铜单线截面尽量小方便生产和绞合工艺实现难易，没有考虑铜单线绞合的节距问题，导致3000mm2截面导体的阻水效果并不理想，另外3000mm2截面导体电阻测量还不成熟。
发明内容
本发明主要解决的技术问题是提供一种异型铜单线大截面海缆导体设计方法。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的一个技术方案是：一种异型铜单线大截面海缆导体设计方法，包括：
具体步骤包括：
1)外径的计算：首先根据式(1)计算导体截面积S；
Figure PCTCN2016113290-appb-000001
其中k1为导体系数，k2为绞合系数，ρ为铜导体电阻率，R为电阻；
然后将计算出的导体截面积S带入式(2)中计算出导体外径DA；
Figure PCTCN2016113290-appb-000002
其中η为导体填充系数，η的值根据要求设定；
2)结构的选择：根据步骤1)得出的导体外径DA和生产设备的配置情况，将异型单线的W与H的比控制在1.5左右，提出异型单线圆形紧压导体结构的五种设计方案，其中W为异型单线的宽，H为异型单线的高；
3)每根异型单线倾斜角度的计算：根据式(3)计算每根异型单线倾斜角度δ；
Figure PCTCN2016113290-appb-000003
其中D为此层的外径，L为此层的节距；
4)单根异型单线的设计：根据步骤2)提出异型单线圆形紧压导体结构的五种设计方案进行对比后选择其中一种设计方案，从而得出每根单根异型单线的尺寸R1、R2、θ及每层的根数n；；
其中R1和R2分别为异型单线的外、内圆弧半径，θ为异型单线两边延长线对应的圆心角，θ＝360/n，n为每层实际对应的异型单线根数；
5)异型单线两边延长线对应的圆心角的修正：将步骤4)得到的异型单线两边延长线对应的圆心角θ和步骤3)计算每根异型单线倾斜角度δ代入修正公 式(4)，从而将θ角度修正为θ0；
θ0＝θ*cosδ    (4)
其中δ为步骤3)计算出的每根异型单线倾斜角度，最终得出每根异型单线的R1、R2和θ0；
6)异型单线填充系数的计算：通常异型单线圆形紧压结构比圆单线圆形紧压结构的填充系数要大，其各层填充系数η′可由式(5)求得；
Figure PCTCN2016113290-appb-000004
其中R1和R2分别为异型单线的外、内圆弧半径，θ1和θ2分别两者对应的弧度，n为异型单线数量，r为异型单线的倒角半径，r的值综合考虑电缆厂家实际可以生产的数值及导体设计要求值确定；
7)判断η与η′的值的大小：若η′大于η，则执行步骤8)，若η′小于η，则调节η或者r的值，执行步骤1)至步骤6)；
8)得到最终设计方案：每根异型单线的尺寸R1、R2、θ0、n及r。
在本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述步骤2)中异型单线圆形紧压导体结构的五种设计方案包括：a.中心线采用截面积为50mm2圆形紧压导体的5层绞合异型单线圆形紧压导体，b.中心线采用截面积为70mm2圆形紧压导体的5层绞合异型单线圆形紧压导体，c.中心线采用截面积为95mm2圆形紧压导体的6层绞合异型单线圆形紧压导体，d.中心线采用截面积为185mm2圆形紧压导体的6 层绞合异型单线圆形紧压导体，e.中心线采用直径为6mm实心铜棒的6层绞合异型单线圆形紧压导体。
在本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述步骤4)中选择中心线采用直径为6mm实心铜棒的6层绞合异型单线圆形紧压导体。
在本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述中心线采用直径为6mm实心铜棒的6层绞合异型单线圆形紧压导体采用非正规绞合。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明一种异型铜单线大截面海缆导体设计方法，该设计方法采用异型铜单线设计海缆导体，导体紧压系数设计值0.97，结合节距的影响，极大的提高了导体的阻水效果，每根铜单线的截面积保持一致，减小集肤效应和邻近效应，适合传输交流电。
附图说明
图1为一种异型铜单线大截面海缆导体设计方法所设计的导体的结构示意图。
图2为一种异型铜单线大截面海缆导体设计方法的异型单线的截面示意图。
图3为一种异型铜单线大截面海缆导体设计方法的异型单线结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的较佳实施例进行详细阐述，以使本发明的优点和特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解，从而对本发明的保护范围做出更为清楚明确的界定。
请参阅图1至图3，本发明实施例包括：一种异型铜单线大截面海缆导体设计方法，包括：
具体步骤包括：
1)外径的计算：首先根据式(1)计算导体截面积S。
Figure PCTCN2016113290-appb-000005
其中k1为导体系数，k2为绞合系数，ρ为铜导体电阻率，R为电阻，本实施例中k1取值1.02，k2取值1.03，ρ取值1.724 1×10-8Ω·m，R取值0.0060Ω/km，得出S为3018.9mm2。
然后将计算出的导体截面积S带入式(2)中计算出导体外径DA。
Figure PCTCN2016113290-appb-000006
其中η为导体填充系数，η的值根据要求设定，本实施例中η取值0.97，得出DA≈62.95mm，进而修正为63.0mm。
2)结构的选择：根据步骤1)得出的导体外径DA和生产设备的配置情况，将异型单线的W与H的比控制在1.5左右，其中W为异型单线的宽，H为异型单线的高，从而提出异型单线圆形紧压导体结构的五种设计方案，如表1所示，包括：a.中心线采用截面积为50mm2圆形紧压导体的5层绞合异型单线圆形紧压导体，b.中心线采用截面积为70mm2圆形紧压导体的5层绞合异型单线圆形紧压导体，c.中心线采用截面积为95mm2圆形紧压导体的6层绞合异型单线圆形紧压导体，d.中心线采用截面积为185mm2圆形紧压导体的6层绞合异型单线圆形紧压导体，e.中心线采用直径为6mm实心铜棒的6层绞合异型单线圆形紧压导体。
表1异型单线圆形紧压导体结构设计方案表
Figure PCTCN2016113290-appb-000007
3)每根异型单线倾斜角度的计算：根据式(3)计算每根异型单线倾斜角度δ。
Figure PCTCN2016113290-appb-000008
其中D为此层的外径，L为此层的节距，节距是铜单线绕导体一周的距离，如果给导体做个剖面图就可以发现，铜单线是斜着的，也就是说有一定的角度进入，铜单线进入的面积比铜单线正常的截面积大，导致正常排列时，部分铜单线排列不进去，铜单线的缝隙较大，阻水效果不理想，通过计算，预留一定的角度，铜单线会全部排列进去，铜单线的分布紧凑，阻水效果好。
4)单根异型单线的设计：根据步骤2)提出异型单线圆形紧压导体结构的五种设计方案进行对比后选择其中一种设计方案，方案a和方案b采用电缆厂家常规配置的91框绞机(绞合层数最多为5层)即可生产，但其最内层异型单线宽高比太大(接近2)，绞线时容易翻身，不利于生产，同时异型单线的最大截面积36.48mm2或者35.28mm2，对铜杆和拉丝机要求太高，生产难度太大，虽然从异型单线宽高比和截面积来看，方案b中异型单线截面积略小，生产加工难度稍小，但根据本公司多次试验结果，反而是方案a阻水导体的阻水效果更优，因此，在采用91框绞机生产时，相对于方案b，方案a是较优的选择。
方案c、方案d和方案e需采用127框绞机(绞合层数最多为6层)才能生产，其异型单线截面积明显减小，宽高比更趋合理，生产难度、绞合难度和效率得到极大的改善，方案c和方案d中异型单线宽高比差不多，两者的异型单线的最大截面积为31.14mm2和29.64mm2，根据本公司多次试验结果，两者的阻水导体的阻水效果相近，因此，相对于方案c，方案d因异型单线截面积略小、生产加工难度稍小而更优。
中心线采用圆形紧压导体结构的方案，需要绞合两次，在满足方便生产和绞线工序的需要的同时，生产效率太低，且要求中心线本身的阻水效果良好，而方案e中心线采用由直径8mm实心铜棒经过拉丝退火而制成的直径6mm实心铜棒，因一次成型阻水效果更好，且生产效率高，生产成本低，从而优势明显，方案d和方案e中异型单线宽高比和最大截面积差不多，甚至后者的异型单线最大截面积更小些。
因此，在五种异型导体结构设计方案中，方案e不论是在加工难度上还是在生产效率上都是最适合的，所述中心线采用直径为6mm实心铜棒的6层绞合 异型单线圆形紧压导体采用非正规绞合，从而得出每根单根异型单线的尺寸R1、R2、θ及每层的根数n；。
其中R1和R2分别为异型单线的外、内圆弧半径，θ为异型单线两边延长线对应的圆心角，θ＝360/n，n为每层实际对应的异型单线根数。
5)异型单线两边延长线对应的圆心角的修正：将步骤4)得到的异型单线两边延长线对应的圆心角θ和步骤3)计算每根异型单线倾斜角度δ代入修正公式(4)，从而将θ角度修正为θ0。
θ0＝θ*cosδ    (4)
其中δ为步骤3)计算出的每根异型单线倾斜角度，最终得出每根异型单线的R1、R2和θ0。
6)异型单线填充系数的计算：通常异型单线圆形紧压结构比圆单线圆形紧压结构的填充系数要大，其各层填充系数η′可由式(5)求得。
Figure PCTCN2016113290-appb-000009
其中R1和R2分别为异型单线的外、内圆弧半径，θ1和θ2分别两者对应的弧度，n为异型单线数量，r为异型单线的倒角半径，r的值综合考虑电缆厂家实际可以生产的数值及导体设计要求值确定，本实施例采用方案e时，倒角半径取值r＝0.3mm，目前，电缆厂家加工的异型单线倒角半径最小可达为0.16mm，因此完全能够实现上述r＝0.3mm的倒角半径，式(6)是采用近似理论计算，外圆半径和内圆半径相对倒角半径越大，计算值越接近理论值，由于模具倒角半径 的计算结果只是个近似值，所以应根据实际生产试制情况进一步修正模具倒角半径和导体结构。
7)判断η与η′的值的大小：若η′大于η，则执行步骤8)，若η′小于η，则调节η或者r的值，执行步骤1)至步骤6)，本实施例中模具四周倒角半径r＝0.3mm，通过上式可计算得到η′＝0.997，可见，异型单线圆形紧压结构的填充系数远大于圆形铜单线圆形紧压结构系数0.9，满足了理论计算电缆外径时假设的η＝0.97。
8)得到最终设计方案：如表2所述，每根异型单线的尺寸R1、R2、θ0、n及r。
表2中心线为
Figure PCTCN2016113290-appb-000010
的设计方案的绞笼工艺参数表
Figure PCTCN2016113290-appb-000011
与现有技术相比，本发明一种异型铜单线大截面海缆导体设计方法，该设计方法采用异型铜单线设计海缆导体，导体紧压系数设计值0.97，结合节距的 影响，极大的提高了导体的阻水效果，每根铜单线的截面积保持一致，减小集肤效应和邻近效应，适合传输交流电。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (4)

  1. 一种异型铜单线大截面海缆导体设计方法，其特征在于，包括：
    具体步骤包括：
    1)外径的计算：首先根据式(1)计算导体截面积S；
    Figure PCTCN2016113290-appb-100001
    其中k1为导体系数，k2为绞合系数，ρ为铜导体电阻率，R为电阻；
    然后将计算出的导体截面积S带入式(2)中计算出导体外径DA；
    Figure PCTCN2016113290-appb-100002
    其中η为导体填充系数，η的值根据要求设定；
    2)结构的选择：根据步骤1)得出的导体外径DA和生产设备的配置情况，将异型单线的W与H的比控制在1.5左右，提出异型单线圆形紧压导体结构的五种设计方案，其中W为异型单线的宽，H为异型单线的高；
    3)每根异型单线倾斜角度的计算：根据式(3)计算每根异型单线倾斜角度δ；
    Figure PCTCN2016113290-appb-100003
    其中D为此层的外径，L为此层的节距；
    4)单根异型单线的设计：根据步骤2)提出异型单线圆形紧压导体结构的五种设计方案进行对比后选择其中一种设计方案，从而得出每根单根异型单线的尺寸R1、R2、θ及每层的根数n；；
    其中R1和R2分别为异型单线的外、内圆弧半径，θ为异型单线两边延长线对应的圆心角，θ＝360/n，n为每层实际对应的异型单线根数；
    5)异型单线两边延长线对应的圆心角的修正：将步骤4)得到的异型单线两边延长线对应的圆心角θ和步骤3)计算每根异型单线倾斜角度δ代入修正公式(4)，从而将θ角度修正为θ0；
    θ0＝θ*cosδ   (4)
    其中δ为步骤3)计算出的每根异型单线倾斜角度，最终得出每根异型单线的R1、R2和θ0；
    6)异型单线填充系数的计算：通常异型单线圆形紧压结构比圆单线圆形紧压结构的填充系数要大，其各层填充系数η′可由式(5)求得；
    Figure PCTCN2016113290-appb-100004
    其中R1和R2分别为异型单线的外、内圆弧半径，θ1和θ2分别两者对应的弧度，n为异型单线数量，r为异型单线的倒角半径，r的值综合考虑电缆厂家实际可以生产的数值及导体设计要求值确定；
    7)判断η与η′的值的大小：若η′大于η，则执行步骤8)，若η′小于η，则调节η或者r的值，执行步骤1)至步骤6)；
    8)得到最终设计方案：每根异型单线的尺寸R1、R2、θ0、n及r。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种异型铜单线大截面海缆导体设计方法，其特征在于：所述步骤2)中异型单线圆形紧压导体结构的五种设计方案包括：a.中心线采用截面积为50mm2圆形紧压导体的5层绞合异型单线圆形紧压导体，b.中心线采用截面积为70mm2圆形紧压导体的5层绞合异型单线圆形紧压导体， c.中心线采用截面积为95mm2圆形紧压导体的6层绞合异型单线圆形紧压导体，d.中心线采用截面积为185mm2圆形紧压导体的6层绞合异型单线圆形紧压导体，e.中心线采用直径为6mm实心铜棒的6层绞合异型单线圆形紧压导体。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种异型铜单线大截面海缆导体设计方法，其特征在于：所述步骤4)中选择中心线采用直径为6mm实心铜棒的6层绞合异型单线圆形紧压导体。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种异型铜单线大截面海缆导体设计方法，其特征在于：所述中心线采用直径为6mm实心铜棒的6层绞合异型单线圆形紧压导体采用非正规绞合。
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