WO2018107478A1 - Dielectric resonator and dielectric filter, transceiver and base station using same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application relates to communication device components, and in particular to a dielectric resonator and a dielectric filter, a transceiver and a base station using same. Embodiments of the present application provide a dielectric resonator, comprising a dielectric block made of solid dielectric materials; the surfaces of the dielectric block are covered with conducting layers; two adjacent surfaces of the dielectric block are provided with a hole or notch, individually; the hole or notch on one surface is communicated with the hole or notch on the other surface, and the inner surface of the hole or notch is covered with the conducting layer. The dielectric resonator provided by the embodiments of the present application aims at achieving convenience of adjusting coupling coefficients and resonant frequency, and ensures miniaturization of the dielectric resonator at the same time of obtaining broadband coupling so that the dielectric filter, the transceiver and the base station using the dielectric resonator achieves broadband and miniaturization to satisfy broadband and miniaturization requirements of wireless base stations.

Description

Dielectric resonator and dielectric filter, transceiver and base station using same Technical field

The present application relates to communication device components, and more particularly to a dielectric resonator, a dielectric filter using the same, a transceiver, and a base station.

Background technique

Filters are an important part of RF modules in wireless communication equipment. There are many types and forms of filters. Medium multimode filters are receiving more and more attention due to their miniaturization and high performance. The dielectric multimode filter is composed of a dielectric resonator, and a dielectric resonator is used to generate two or more resonant modes by using multiple modes of the dielectric resonator, so that a multimode resonant cavity can replace the traditional two or two. More than one single mode resonator.

Conventional dielectric resonators cut an edge of a dielectric block at an oblique or tangential angle, as shown in Figures 1a and 1b, in order to change the electric field distribution of the two resonant modes that need to be coupled, thereby achieving coupling of the two resonant modes. However, this coupling method adjusts the coupling coefficient at the same time, because it changes the electromagnetic field distribution in other directions of the dielectric block, and also affects the resonant frequency in other directions of the dielectric resonator. That is to say, the coupling mode of the dielectric resonator in the prior art greatly affects the resonant frequency of other resonant modes of the dielectric resonator while adjusting the coupling coefficient of the resonant mode that needs to be coupled, and if other resonant modes are needed, It is then necessary to increase the volume of the dielectric block or the area of a certain dimension in order to adjust the resonant frequency of the other resonant modes. That is, the coupling mode of the current dielectric resonator makes the resonance frequency and the coupling coefficient have a strong influence on each other, and the adjustment is complicated, and it is generally required to increase the volume of the dielectric resonator or the area of a certain dimension.

Therefore, a dielectric resonator is needed, which can significantly affect the resonant frequency of other resonant modes when adjusting the coupling coefficient, so as to conveniently realize the coupling coefficient of the dielectric resonator and the adjustment of the resonant frequency.

Summary of the invention

The embodiment of the present application provides a dielectric resonator, a dielectric filter, a transceiver, and a base station, which are used to adjust the coupling coefficient of the dielectric resonator and the adjusted resonant frequency to achieve the convenience of coupling coefficient and resonance frequency adjustment. .

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a dielectric resonator including a dielectric block made of a solid dielectric material, the dielectric block surface is covered with a conductive layer, and two adjacent surfaces of the dielectric block are respectively There are holes or notches, and the holes or notches on one face communicate with the holes or notches on the other face; the inner surface of the holes or notches is covered with a conductive layer. Optionally, the dielectric block may be in the shape of a cube, a rectangular parallelepiped, or the like, which is not limited herein. Optionally, the adjustment of the coupling coefficient may be implemented by adjusting at least one parameter of the position, diameter, depth, position, shape, depth, and cross-sectional area of the hole. Optionally, the adjacent two faces may have holes or have notches, or may have holes on one face, and have notches on the other face, and the holes, the notches or the holes and the notches on the two faces are connected to each other. . By providing interconnected holes or notches on two adjacent faces, the direction of the electromagnetic field of the two resonant modes that need to be coupled can be changed, thereby achieving coupling of the two resonant modes, and at the same time, due to the cutting form of the holes or the notches, Throughout the dielectric block, the change in the shape of the dielectric block is small, so that the electromagnetic field of other resonant modes has less influence, so the resonance frequency of other resonant modes is less affected. Therefore, the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application can realize the adjustment of the coupling coefficient without significantly affecting the resonant frequency of other resonant modes, and realize the relative separation of the resonant frequency of adjusting the coupling coefficient and adjusting other resonant modes, and the adjustment of the two. It can be carried out relatively independently, avoiding the above-mentioned repeated adjustment of the coupling coefficient and the resonance frequency, and also avoiding increasing the volume of the resonator in order to adjust the resonance frequency, thereby achieving the convenience of adjusting the coupling coefficient and the resonance frequency, and ensuring the dielectric resonance. Miniaturization of the device. At the same time, because the adjustment of the coupling coefficient has less influence on the resonant frequency of other resonant modes, the coupling coefficient can be adjusted in a larger range to achieve wideband coupling or strong coupling, thereby adapting to the requirement of filter broadband.

With reference to the first aspect, in a first possible implementation, the holes or the gaps on the two adjacent faces are a pair of communicating holes or notches, and the medium block has at least Two pairs of connected Hole or gap. Wherein, the pair of communicating holes or notches refers to holes or notches which are connected to each other on two adjacent faces. Optionally, the at least two pairs of communicating holes or notches may be distributed on the same two adjacent faces, that is, at least two pairs of communicating holes or notches are distributed on two adjacent faces; It may be distributed on different adjacent faces, that is, the at least two pairs of communicating holes or notches are distributed on at least three faces. At least two pairs of communicating holes or notches are provided on two adjacent faces, so that the coupling coefficients of the two resonance frequencies can be more flexibly adjusted. By providing interconnected holes or notches on different adjacent faces, more resonant frequency coupling, such as cross-coupling, can be achieved, thereby improving the performance of the dielectric resonator and the dielectric filter to which it is applied.

With reference to the first aspect or the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a second possible implementation manner, the two adjacent surfaces of the dielectric block respectively have holes or notches, and one surface The hole or the gap communicates with the hole or the notch on the other surface, including: the two adjacent faces respectively have blind holes, and the blind holes on the two faces communicate with each other inside the dielectric block; or Two adjacent faces each have a notch, and the notches on the two faces are connected; or, the two adjacent faces respectively have holes, and the holes on the two faces are connected inside the dielectric block Pass through to form a through hole. Optionally, when at least two pairs of communicating holes or notches are disposed on the dielectric block, the different implementations described above may be used in combination. For example, there are holes on the adjacent faces of the first group, and the holes on the two faces communicate with each other inside the dielectric block to form a through hole; respectively, there are notches on the adjacent faces of the second group, and the two faces are respectively The gaps are connected.

In a second aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a dielectric filter, comprising the dielectric resonator described in the above first aspect or any of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a transceiver, including the dielectric filter of the second aspect.

In a fourth aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a base station, including the transceiver of the third aspect, and/or the dielectric filter of the second aspect.

Compared with the prior art, the dielectric resonator provided by the embodiment of the present invention can realize the convenience of adjusting the coupling coefficient and the resonant frequency, and ensures the miniaturization and wideband of the dielectric resonator, so that the application thereof is applied. Dielectric filters, transceivers and base stations are available to meet the needs of miniaturization and broadband.

DRAWINGS

The drawings to be used in the present application will be briefly described below.

1a is a perspective view of a dielectric resonator according to the present application;

1b is a perspective view of another dielectric resonator according to the present application;

2 is a perspective view of a dielectric resonator according to an embodiment of the present application;

3a is a schematic view of a magnetic field direction of a dielectric resonator according to the present application;

3b is a schematic diagram of a magnetic field direction of a dielectric resonator according to an embodiment of the present application;

4 is a schematic diagram showing a relationship between a coupling coefficient and a resonance frequency according to the present application;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of still another dielectric resonator according to an embodiment of the present application; FIG.

FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of still another dielectric resonator according to an embodiment of the present application; FIG.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of still another dielectric resonator according to an embodiment of the present application; FIG.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of still another dielectric resonator according to an embodiment of the present application; FIG.

FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a possible dielectric filter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a possible base station according to an embodiment of the present application.

Specific embodiment

The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the structure of the dielectric resonator and/or the dielectric filter and the electromagnetic field distribution and the like related to the present application are described by using a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system. For the convenience of description and understanding, in the embodiment of the present application, The three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system in which the X and Z axes are parallel to the horizontal plane and the Y axis is perpendicular to the horizontal plane will be described as an example. The direction of the X, Y, and Z axes in the three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system and the corresponding planes in the actual application may be changed according to specific equipment or system requirements, which is not limited in this application.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a dielectric resonator according to an embodiment of the present application. The dielectric resonator in this embodiment includes a dielectric block 200 made of a solid dielectric material, and the dielectric block 200 is covered with a conductive layer; the two adjacent faces 201 and 202 of the dielectric block 200 have holes 211 and The hole 212, and the hole 211 on the face 201 communicates with the hole 212 on the other face 202. The portion 213 in Fig. 2 shows the communicating portion of the hole 211 and the hole 212; the inner surfaces of the hole 211 and the hole 212 are covered with conductive Floor.

Optionally, the conductive layer may be a metal conductive layer, such as gold, silver, copper, aluminum, or the like.

Optionally, the dielectric block 200 made of a solid dielectric material may be ceramic. Of course, the dielectric block 200 made of a solid dielectric material may also be selected from other non-conductive materials such as glass, stone, plastic, electrically insulating polymer, and the like.

Optionally, the shape of the hole 211 and/or the hole 212 in the dielectric resonator provided by the above embodiment is not limited to the circular shape shown in FIG. 2, and may be a square shape or other shapes; at the same time, the hole 211 and / Or the hole 212 can adjust the coupling coefficient of the two resonance modes according to specific needs, and adjust at least one parameter such as diameter, depth, position, and the like.

In the example corresponding to FIG. 2, the holes 211 and the holes 212 are blind holes, and communicate with each other inside the dielectric block 200, forming a communication region 213. Alternatively, in the example corresponding to FIG. 2, the central symmetry axis of the hole 211 is parallel to the Y-axis direction, and the central symmetry axis of the hole 212 is parallel to the X-axis direction and intersects the inside of the dielectric block 200. Alternatively, other angles may be used for the holes on the face 201 and the face 202. For example, the central symmetry axis of the hole 211 has a certain angle with the Y-axis direction, and/or the central symmetry axis and the X-axis direction of the hole 202. There is a certain angle, which is not limited in this application.

In the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 2, because of the hole 211 and the hole 212, the electromagnetic field direction and the original electric field strength direction of the resonance mode in which the original electric field intensity direction is parallel to the X-axis direction (the X-direction resonance mode) are changed parallel to the Y-axis direction. The electromagnetic field direction of the resonant mode (referred to as the Y-direction resonant mode) causes the electromagnetic fields of the above two resonant modes to be coupled, thereby achieving coupling of the two resonant modes. As shown by the magnetic line 301 and the magnetic line 302 in FIG. 3a, when there is no coupling structure (such as the hole 211 and the hole 212) on the dielectric block, the plane of the magnetic line 301 is parallel to the YZ plane, and its corresponding Electric field strength The direction is parallel to the X-axis direction, the plane of the magnetic line 302 is parallel to the XZ plane, and the corresponding electric field strength direction is parallel to the Y-axis direction, and the resonance mode (ie, the X-direction resonance mode) and the magnetic sense corresponding to the magnetic line 301 The electromagnetic field direction of the resonance mode corresponding to the line 302 (ie, the Y-direction resonance mode) is substantially orthogonal, and the two resonance modes are substantially uncoupled; as shown in FIG. 3b, after the holes 211 and the holes 212 are disposed on the dielectric block, the magnetic induction lines are The plane where 301 is located has a certain angle with the YZ plane, and the plane where the magnetic induction line 302 is located has a certain angle with the XZ plane, that is, the electromagnetic field directions of the X-direction resonance mode and the Y-direction resonance mode are no longer orthogonal. A certain amount of energy coupling is generated, thereby achieving coupling of the two resonant modes. It should be noted that, for clarity of view, only representative magnetic lines of inductance are illustrated in FIGS. 3a and 3b, and the true electromagnetic field distribution in the dielectric resonator is not shown. The position of the hole 211 and the hole 212 in the Z-axis direction, and the projected area thereof on the XY plane determine the coupling coefficient of the X-direction resonance mode and the Y-direction resonance mode when the hole 211 and the hole 212 are in the Z-axis direction. When the position is fixed, the larger the projected area on the XY plane, the larger the coupling coefficient.

The hole 211 and the hole 212 are compared with the coupling mode in the prior art (as shown in FIG. 1a or FIG. 1b), and the shape change of the dielectric block in the Z-axis direction does not penetrate the entire Z-axis, thereby being parallel to the electric field strength direction. The resonance frequency of the Z-axis resonance mode (referred to as the Z-direction resonance mode) has a small influence. As shown in Fig. 4a, in the coupling mode shown in Fig. 1a or Fig. 1b, the coupling coefficient changes from 0.005 to 0.0127 as the amount of cutting of the dielectric block changes, and the resonant frequency of the Z-direction resonant mode changes from 3589.3 MHz to At 3599MHz, if the coupling coefficient changes to 0.055, the resonant frequency of the Z-direction resonant mode changes to 3878MHz. In the coupling mode provided by the embodiment of the present application, the coupling coefficient changes from 0.005 to 0.0127 as the amount of cutting of the dielectric block changes, and the resonant frequency of the Z-direction resonant mode changes from 3587.6 MHz to 3588.3 MHz, as the coupling coefficient changes to At 0.055, the frequency in the Z direction changes to 3590.5 MHz. It can be seen that the dielectric resonator and the coupling mode thereof provided by the embodiments of the present application have little influence on the resonant frequency of other resonant modes while adjusting the coupling coefficient of the two resonant modes, and the coupling coefficient can be conveniently adjusted. The frequency of the vibration, and the wideband coupling of the two resonant modes can be achieved with little change in other resonant frequencies.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another dielectric resonator according to an embodiment of the present application. In this embodiment, the dielectric resonator includes a dielectric block 500 made of a solid dielectric material, and the dielectric block 500 is covered with a conductive layer; the two adjacent faces 501 and 502 of the dielectric block 500 have holes and faces respectively. The hole in 501 communicates with the hole in the other face 502 to form a through hole 510 whose inner surface is covered with a conductive layer. Connecting the holes on the two faces to form a through hole can reduce the complexity of engineering implementation.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of still another dielectric resonator according to an embodiment of the present application. In this embodiment, the dielectric resonator includes a dielectric block 600 made of a solid dielectric material, and the dielectric block 600 is covered with a conductive layer; the two adjacent faces 601 and 602 of the dielectric block 600 have notches and faces, respectively. The notch on 601 is in communication with the notch on the other face 602, and the inner surface of the notch 610 is covered with a conductive layer.

Optionally, in this embodiment, the notch on the face 601 communicates with the notch on the face 602 to form a triangular notch 610. This implementation can reduce the complexity of engineering implementation.

Optionally, the shape of the notch can also be designed according to specific requirements, as shown in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 7. The specific implementation is similar to that of FIG. 6, except that the notches on the two faces 701 and 702 of the dielectric block 700 are connected. Thereafter, a square notch 710 is formed, and the inner surface of the notch 710 is covered with a conductive layer. The shape design of the notch can further reduce the complexity of engineering implementation, facilitate the production of dielectric resonators and the measurement during engineering implementation.

Optionally, there may be at least two pairs of communicating holes or notches on a dielectric resonator, wherein the pair of communicating holes or notches refer to communicating holes or gaps on adjacent faces. For example, the hole 211 and the hole 212 in FIG. 2 are a pair of communicating holes, and the notch 610 in FIG. 6 is a pair of communicating gaps. The at least two pairs of communicating holes or indentations may be distributed on the same adjacent face. For example, in conjunction with FIG. 2, at least two holes 211 and at least two may be disposed on the face 201 and the face 202 of the dielectric block 200. a hole 212, and the hole 211 and the hole 212 are in one-to-one correspondence, and are connected to each other. The hole 211 and the hole 212 shown in FIG. 2, the hole 510 shown in FIG. 5, and the hole 510 shown in FIG. 5 may be disposed on the surface 201 and the surface 202. At least two of the notches 610 shown in FIG. 7 and the notches 710 shown in FIG. 7, and the inner surfaces of the holes or notches are covered with a conductive layer. Multiple sets of connected holes or notches are provided on the same adjacent surface, and the same two resonance modes are coupled, which can be realized. More flexible adjustment of the coupling coefficient.

Optionally, the at least two pairs of communicating holes or notches may be disposed on different adjacent faces, that is, the at least two pairs of communicating holes or notches are distributed on at least three faces of the dielectric block, so as to achieve Mutual coupling between more resonant modes, such as cross-coupling, enhances the performance of the dielectric resonator and the dielectric filter to which it is applied. In one example, taking FIG. 8 as an example, on the dielectric block 800 whose surface is covered with a conductive layer, the surface 801 and the surface 802 have gaps 810 communicating therebetween to realize coupling of the X-direction resonant mode and the Y-direction resonant mode; There is a gap 811 communicating with the surface 803 to realize coupling between the Y-direction resonance mode and the Z-direction resonance mode; the surface 803 and the surface 804 have gaps 812 communicating therebetween to realize coupling between the X-direction resonance mode and the Z-direction resonance mode. The inner surfaces of the notches 810, 811 and 812 are covered with a conductive layer.

Optionally, in the foregoing embodiment, the parameters of the material of the dielectric block and the conductive layer, the shape, the position, the diameter, the depth, and the like of the hole may be selected and designed according to specific needs. For the specific implementation, refer to the description corresponding to FIG. 2; The shape, position, width, depth and other parameters of the notch can also be selected and designed according to specific needs. Alternatively, the holes and the notches may be used in combination, for example, a hole is provided on one of the adjacent two faces, a notch is provided on the other face, and the hole is in communication with the notch. In various embodiments, the coupling of the holes or notches to the resonant mode and the effect on other resonant frequencies are similar, and reference may be made to the corresponding description of Figures 3a, 3b and 4. Optionally, the shape of the dielectric block may be a square, a rectangular parallelepiped or other shapes, and the size thereof may also be designed according to specific requirements, which is not limited in the application.

Optionally, the dielectric resonator provided by the embodiment of the present application may also be used in cascade, and the signal coupling between the plurality of dielectric resonators may be realized through a region on the dielectric resonator that is not covered by the conductive layer, or The cascading manner of other dielectric resonators is not limited in this application. Optionally, two or more of the above dielectric resonators for cascading may be the same or different; the dielectric resonators described in the present application may also be combined with other dielectric resonators and/or according to specific needs. Metal cavity resonators are used in cascade, which is not limited in this application.

The media filter provided by the embodiment of the present application includes at least one provided by the embodiment of the present application. Dielectric resonator. In a specific example, the dielectric filter shown in FIG. 9 is composed of two dielectric resonators provided by the embodiments of the present application.

An embodiment of the present invention further provides a transceiver including any one or more of the dielectric filters described in the foregoing embodiments.

The embodiment of the invention further provides a base station, which comprises the dielectric filter and/or the transceiver described in the above embodiments. A base station (BS) referred to in this application refers to a device that directly communicates with a user equipment through a wireless channel, and the base station may include various forms of macro base stations, micro base stations, relay stations, access points, or radio frequency pulls. Remote Radio Unit (RRU), etc. In a system using different radio access technologies, the name of a device with a base station function may be different, for example, in a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, called an evolved Node B (eNB). Or eNodeB), in the 3G (the third generation) network, called Node B (Node B), etc., for convenience of description, in the present application, the above devices for directly communicating with the user equipment through the wireless channel are collectively referred to as Base station.

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a possible base station according to an embodiment of the present application. The filter shown therein is any one or more than one dielectric filter provided by the embodiments of the present application, and includes any one or more than one dielectric resonator provided by the embodiments of the present application. In the uplink direction, the signal is received via the antenna, converted to the baseband by the processing of the filter, the noise amplifier, and the mixer, and sent to the baseband processor for processing; in the downlink direction, the baseband signal processed by the baseband processor passes through the mixer, The processing of the power amplifier and filter is converted to a radio frequency and transmitted through an antenna. It can be understood that the base station structure shown in FIG. 10 is only an example for explaining the basic configuration of the base station. The actual base station may further include any number of the foregoing structures or devices, and may also include other structures or devices according to its functions. The location of the base station structure can also be designed according to requirements, which is not limited in this application.

It should be noted that the dielectric resonator and the dielectric filter provided by the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to other devices or scenarios that require the use of a dielectric resonator and/or a dielectric filter.

The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited It is to be understood that those skilled in the art are susceptible to variations and substitutions within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the invention should be determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (9)

A dielectric resonator comprising: a dielectric block made of a solid dielectric material, the dielectric block surface being covered with a conductive layer; The two adjacent faces of the dielectric block respectively have holes or notches, and the holes or notches on one face communicate with the holes or notches on the other surface; The inner surface of the hole or notch is covered with a conductive layer. The dielectric resonator according to claim 1, wherein said holes or notches communicating with said two adjacent faces are a pair of communicating holes or notches, said dielectric block having at least Two pairs of said communicating pores or gaps. A dielectric resonator according to claim 2, wherein said at least two pairs of communicating holes or notches are distributed over at least three faces of said dielectric block. The dielectric resonator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein two adjacent faces of the dielectric block have holes or notches, and holes or notches on one face and holes on the other face or The gaps are connected, including: The two adjacent faces each have a blind hole, and the blind holes on the two adjacent faces communicate inside the dielectric block. The dielectric resonator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein two adjacent faces of the dielectric block have holes or notches, and holes or notches on one face and holes on the other face or The gaps are connected, including: The two adjacent faces each have a notch, and the notches on the two adjacent faces are in communication. The dielectric resonator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein two adjacent faces of the dielectric block have holes or notches, and holes or notches on one face and holes on the other face or The gaps are connected, including: The two adjacent faces respectively have holes, and the holes on the two adjacent faces are inside the dielectric block Connected to form a through hole. A dielectric filter comprising the dielectric resonator according to any one of claims 1 to 6. A transceiver comprising the dielectric filter of claim 7. A base station comprising the transceiver of claim 8.

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