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WO2018102285A1 - Procédé de préparation de fibres thermoplastiques contenant des nanodiamants et utilisation de ces fibres dans des fils et des tissus - Google Patents

Procédé de préparation de fibres thermoplastiques contenant des nanodiamants et utilisation de ces fibres dans des fils et des tissus Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018102285A1
WO2018102285A1 PCT/US2017/063386 US2017063386W WO2018102285A1 WO 2018102285 A1 WO2018102285 A1 WO 2018102285A1 US 2017063386 W US2017063386 W US 2017063386W WO 2018102285 A1 WO2018102285 A1 WO 2018102285A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fiber
fabric
thermoplastic
polymer
diamond
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2017/063386
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English (en)
Inventor
Dhruv Agarwal
Yongxin Wang
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HD Lee Co Inc
Original Assignee
HD Lee Co Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by HD Lee Co Inc filed Critical HD Lee Co Inc
Priority to EP17823253.4A priority Critical patent/EP3548654A1/fr
Priority to JP2019548529A priority patent/JP2020502392A/ja
Priority to KR1020197018932A priority patent/KR20190087602A/ko
Priority to CN201780073816.9A priority patent/CN110291235A/zh
Publication of WO2018102285A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018102285A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
    • D01F6/60—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/02—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2501/00—Wearing apparel

Definitions

  • the disclosure relates to i ⁇ i» ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2i$ ⁇ m ⁇ fibers, methods of
  • thermoplastic fibers in psikku ty ifse disclosure relates to na»odlam0t5d-c « a$nifig ⁇ tm ia ic fibers a which ssoosked diamond pasiktes are sutoatk!J u iormly distributed throughout the fi er, and rnethods of rMkiug mc fibers by a melt exmssion process.
  • the preseaf disclosure relates, ia various embodiments, to methods tor preparing a nauodiamoad-coatamia f e.nr:io
  • the process comprises melt extruding a material: oompr3 ⁇ 4ing a t eTOoplastk polymer and k n a out (j.QO!.% !3 ⁇ 4 about 1125 ? fry weight nanosized diamond parhetes.
  • the hom la tic polymer $y comprise one or oaare poiyaobdes, such as one or more rsdya ides that are generally referred to as pylon, in other embodiments, the then:nopi3 ⁇ 4suc p lyraer may comprise polyester,
  • the process of melt extruding may kcl le at least two steps, Oste step Involves preparing diamond ersaeeairaie pellets, i.e. pellets thai Imve a sig.alficso.dy : highe eosieeMration. of dkrnorid particles than the final.
  • aanodi an>o d-cootainmg thermoplastic fiber.
  • the diamond eoaceatrate pellets may comprise between abtmt 0.1% to about .1 % by weight diamond particles.
  • Anothe ste involves meh extrudkg a mixture of a ubcfusopl stk polymer and the diamond coaceatmte pellets soefe thai the d a on isfe& ⁇ ⁇ « ⁇ 1 ⁇ 4t ⁇ d:a ⁇ br ⁇ i ⁇ d s ⁇ dba5 ⁇ throughout: the r sult! ng ihetsms liist c fiber,
  • thermoplastic fibers 3 ⁇ 4b as those having/diamond particles substantially a-aifomily distributed throughout
  • the tfiWiodiaB3 ⁇ 4 sid c iiiainSii.g thermoplastic fibers may comprise about 99.03 ⁇ 4 to about 99.9% by weight thessoplasbe polymer, about 0.(Kfl% to about 0,25% by weight oanoxized diamond particles, a»d about 0,0025% about 0,02% by weight dispersion agent
  • the uanssixed diamond pa icles preferably have particle between about 2 ma and aboa 5S am, alternatively between, about 2 nm and.
  • the ihenwoplastie polymer may comprise one or more polyamides, ch as one or mor polyarnides that are generally referred to as nylon.
  • the i3 ⁇ 4emu>pl.asiic polymer may comprise polyester,
  • the present disclosure also relates, in arious esshodimerits, to yarns and fabrics comprising the aanodiamond--contaiaing therntoplastie fibers described herein, and to garments comp ising these yarns and fabrics.
  • Yam and fabrics comprising the
  • thermoplastic fibers described, herein have been, found to have e hanc d thermal properties (e.g. coolness), enhanced mechanical properties te,g. strength, elongation), and enhanced softness.
  • garments eomprlsingthe fibers disclosed herein may pmvide a wearer with a cooling benefit Moreover, because incorporation of nanodiansbnds in accordance with the pi3 ⁇ 4sen.t disclosure has also been found to increase the strength of the fibers, this cooling effect can be achieved witheut a sacrifice m the strength and/or dcrabihty of the fabric.
  • The- present disclosure also relates, in various embodi ments, to a method of increasing the thermal corsdactivity of a fabric. For instance, it has iseen foond that a .fabric merhioplasric fibexs- may have at feast a 5% higher t erm l • conduetivify hsii a comparative UM . without the diamond particles.
  • the present disctesnre ®l relates, m yaricas eo ⁇ odinrenis, to a method of increasing the strength sf a iabrie witriou produehsg a sr sniial decrease m the: elon at on of the fabric,- Fox rasfc ce, it &s also, sar nsiii ly been Ibuad that a litbric comprisin the nanodiamoad ⁇ eoraauhag thermoplastic fibers may have at. ast a 5%> higher strength, than a comparative fabric withont the diamond peers,. mi an elongation that is within shoal 33 ⁇ 4> of ihat of a eompafihive fabric without the diamond pa icfe. in seme embodimeais, it has
  • naoodiamoftd-eostai teg ihem3 ⁇ 43i teic fibers may he greater than that of a comparative fabric without the d amond particles
  • Figure l is a graphical representation of test 3 ⁇ 4s «hs eor ⁇ erm «g di heatitig aad cooling properties of am le fabrics prepared in accordance with the present diselostne.
  • O i.Sj Figure 2 is a. graphical representation of test msaks concerning the Imaiing ar3 ⁇ 4d cooling properties of sample fabrics prepared in accordance with the present disclosure,
  • Figure 3 is a rapShca! p e en a i n of ' test resaks eoaceralng the heat transfer between a surface md s&raple fabrics prepared ia accordance with th present disclosure, f - 4]
  • Figure 4 is a graphical re resentati n of test msaits concerni ng the softness of sample fabrics prepared in accordance with the present disciosare.
  • 0 153 P3 ⁇ 4u*e- 5 is a graphical representation of tesi results; ⁇ xmo mtg the heating and dm present disclosure,
  • Figaro 6 is a . graphical representation of test :resaJ.ts cone erns.ng the ⁇ ' heating and cooling pr perties of sam le fabrics prepared in accordance with the r s n disclosure.
  • thermoplastic fibers and metho s ' ' for making such .fibers The term "fiber *' is us d throughout this application to refer to tlhers of any le»gth ( Including for example those tha may more commonly fee referred to as filaments.
  • the teroi "fiber” should be understood as including both staple fibers and eontiunous filaments, as those terms are eom.mo?dy understood m the textile industry. Accordingly, upless otherwise indicated, the terms “tjher " ' a:ad "fi a ent " ' are used imerchangeahiy throughout this spedficatios.
  • thermoplastk .fibers comprise between about 95,0% and about 99,9% fey weight thermoplastic polymer, alternatively between about 96.0% an 3 ah i99$% by wesgfet thermoplastic polymer, -alternatively between abo st 9711% apd about 99.9% by weight themiop!astic polyme , alternatively between about 98.0% a about %$% fey weight them ⁇ opfaxtie poly e , alternatively between about 99.0% and about 99.9% by weight tisermo iastie polyiner, alternatively between about 99.5% and about ,9 ; by weight ther moplas tie ol mer, alternativel between afcont 99.7% and about 99.9% by weight thermoplastic r*dyr«er.
  • the tiiermoplastk polynter may fee- selected from the group consisting of; polyesters f -f., polyethylene terephtha!ate (PIT)), polypropylene, polycarbonate, polybutylene
  • poiybtitylerie sa hthaiate FB
  • p iyPimethyierie naphthalaie PIN
  • PES polyether ketone
  • FEEK po ' Syether ether ketone
  • PPS po!yip-pheRyleue sulfide
  • polyamldes nylon
  • thermoplastic poly tare thanes TFlJi, therrnoplastk, elastomers (TPE), and comthnstitsns ttereof.
  • the theroiopiastic polymer may comprise polypropylene, polyester, nylon, polyhenximida ⁇ ole, potyaerylons rile (acrylics), polytirefhane elastomers such as spandex., pla -haseti polymers such as corn-based pc i3 ⁇ 4ers, and eosrsbkatsoas biereoi. h some etnhodit tis the thermoplastic pel ymer may comprise polyester, nylon* polypropylene, and corobmatlons tho£o£
  • thermoplastic 3 ⁇ 4siyr «e.f: ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4ay e»mf «:is : an? : of ke polyamsdes x &i are commonly ktown as aylors, f1 ⁇ 2r Jnstasiee, its s m embodiments the thers «op!a.stk polymer t y cosivpti.se «ylon k nylon 6,6; .
  • n n 6,12 -nylon 12; nylon 4,6; yk 6,1.0; or a combinat n, thereof, in sorne embodiments, the ibennpp site polymer j3 ⁇ 4a Comprise nyj1 ⁇ 2t 6; nylon 6,6 or a combination thereof.
  • the dteorioplastic polymer may eontprise polyester, a ⁇ odiatsond-costa sii ⁇ i drenuoplasik ftbess-coMpiSsteg nylon, olyes er, at a eomSkiaripn thereof may ' be panletharfy useful inhe preparation of yams atsd fabrics for use Its makisig gart «eius and olher srikto.
  • Embodsmersts of i3 ⁇ 4e nanodsamond-cotstaisiing ibenriopkstie fibers comprise tetween about 0,001% and abou -0.25% by weight diamon paflk!es, alternatively between about 0.001 % asi!
  • kmcs particles alternatively between about 0.001% asd about 0.05% by weight diamond particles., alternatively between about 0.001% and about 0-01.% by weight Ita nd particles, altersmts vely between about 0.005% and about 0,25% by weight diamond partkies, a!ses3 ⁇ 4attvely t e n about 0.005%: and about 0,1 % by weigh diamond particles, alternatively between about 0.005% and about 0.05% by weight diamond particles, alternatively between about 0.005% and. about 0,01% by weight diamond particles, alternatively between 0.
  • diamond particles alternatively between about 0,01% and about (I 1 % by weigk dktnon panicles, alternatively between abo i 0.011» and about 0.05% by weight diamond paslkles alternati vely between.0.M5% and a iast 0.25% by weight diamond particles, alternatively between about 0,025% and about 0A.% by weight diamond particles, alternatively between about.0.025% and hw% 0$5 -b weight diamond particles,
  • the diamond particles are preferably nsnoske , he. bave particles skes that nr&y be stseasared O tfie nanometer scale. in some embodime s, .for exasrsple, the diamond particles have particle sixes between about 1 jfea and about SOO not, alteruad *3 ⁇ 4 between about I am Mid about 100 am, alternatively between about 1 n and. about 50 mk alternatively between, about 1 nm d. about 25 -rim ? alternatively between : a beast ! n . and about 1.0 usrs; alternatively between about 2 rniva d about 500 nm; alternatively between ' about 2 am. and about 0 am, alternati ely between about 2 nm asr about 50 am,
  • he nanosixed diamond particles may be obta ne by detonation synthesis, the ylir soipc saviiaiipn of graphite, the high energy laser irradiation of graphite, or odreoknowa methods. Because the saaosixed diamond particles can be hazardous in powder form, the naoosked diamond parities are typically rovided in slurry fo m. For iostartee, th
  • Gsi3 ⁇ 4ed diamond particles may e slurried with water or is another solvent * snob as ethylene glycol in some embodiments, ihe : «anosi3 ⁇ 4ed diamond particle* may be surface ftj «cti «sali3 ⁇ 4 «d.
  • die surfaces of the nanosissd diamond panicles roay be funetiosalized by imatment with earbox yis, amines, hydroxyls, sOaoes, anhydrides, serylates, mediacr ss, isoeytiates, stearic acids, or the like,
  • Embodiments of the nanodiamond-eonutiniRg bermoplasdc fibers may also comprise between aboutO.OOl % and about 0, 1 % by weight dis ersion agent, alternatively between about 0.001% and about 0.05% ⁇ by weight dispemott agent, alternatively between about 0.001% and about 0.03% by weight dispersion agent alternatively between about 0.001 % and about 0.02% by weight dispersion agem; alternatively between about 0.002% and about 0.1 % by weight, dispersion agent, alternatively between about 0.002% and about 0.05% by weight dispersion agent, alternatively between, about 0,002% and about 0.03% by weight dispersion agent, .alternatively between about 0.002% and about 0.02% by weight dispersiqs?
  • dispersion agent alternatively between about 0,005% aad about 0.1% by weight dispersion agent, alternativel between abou 0.003 ; arid abou 0.05 % b weight dispersioa agent, alternatively between about 0.005 and about 0.03% by weight dispersion .age , alternativel between about 0,005%: and about 0.02% by weight dispersion agent.
  • the dispersion agent may comprise any agent that is capable of aiding: the dispersion of the nanostzed diamond panicles "throughout th thermoplastic polymer, Such as by preventing agglomeration of the nanosized diamond particles.
  • the dispersion agent may be selected from die group consistin of xiac steamte, calcium stearate, and c nizati n thereof,
  • the oanodiamonri fnitaining raerrnoplastie fibers may also cemprise one or more addi tional additi ves.
  • these additives may iacWe boron nitride, graphite, graphene, silica, one or more ainminosiiieate materials * or a combination thereof.
  • These additives are desirably in the form of particles having particle sizes of less than 10 microns.
  • the addit e particles may have particle between a out 2 urn s ' M about 5 ruieross, alternatively 1 ⁇ 4t ee» about 4 nm ami about 3 mtao c
  • these additi ves may incl de fta3 ⁇ 40s 3 ⁇ 43 ⁇ 4d panicles of sapphire, t hy ; ametbysh aquamarine, turquoise, tq m > tourmaline, etseraid,: q «art3 ⁇ 4 f coral, ra3 ⁇ 4ri, peridot, mo!davhe, piatirom, gold, amber, ae!enite, sad combinations, thereof.
  • Thermoplastic fibers are typically prepared by .meUiods. such as ittelt e&irusioa, . which is- used, to produce thenM3 ⁇ 4>kstte ib rs oi umform shape and density: to x it extrusion, a poiyoier melted to form a viscous phase (known as the melt) and then fonjed through m or more orifices (also kuowB a dies). Melt extrasion is a continuous or semi- comirmous proecss.
  • Melt extrusion is typically; carried ou t its an ex trader; which compri ses a barrel ecaitsining one (single scre ext uded or two (twin screw ext der ⁇ roiabog screws that transport the polymer through the barrel and out of the o e or more rifices-
  • the one or more orifices shape ire oly er as t exits the barrel,
  • twin screw e;drudefs t ay he preferred over the use of a si ngle screw ex trader
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide process hy hich aartrxSiamiMd-corjt inirig ihemKi las ie fibers can be prepared hy melt- extrusion -without causing damage to the extruder.
  • Embodiments r>f the p esent disclosure provide a ineli-extrtt ioa rocess thai produces Han «diami3 ⁇ 4d eontaufoig foermppiastsc fibers havin the diamond adhereks subsiasitiaii uniformly distributed d.noughou; the fiber,
  • E bodime ts ofihe present diseteuts are directed ia a method for preparing ft#edi8moa ⁇ c ) «ta$m d3 ⁇ 4 «o las «c fibers using a melt extrusion psxxiess.
  • enfoodiraetits of the me !iod may comprise a melt extrusion process that is pari rrned in a t least two steps, in one step, a diamond concentrate material, sueh as pell sis, may be prepared.
  • the diamond concentrate- material may be mixed with a diermo plastic polymer a&d the nrixtute may be melt extruded to prepare die nanediaraond-eoi-nahdog i ex eplastie fiber.
  • a diermo plastic polymer a&d
  • the nrixtute may be melt extruded to prepare die nanediaraond-eoi-nahdog i ex eplastie fiber.
  • the method for preparing a «a»odismo8d ⁇ -.co.fttai»i «g thertnop!astic fiber m y comprise a $ ⁇ hich a concentrated, diamond composition Is prepared.
  • the method includes a step for preparing a p!urajity of diamond concentrate pellets
  • the diamond concentrate pelte comprise a first thermoplastic polymer having nanosized dkmond particles present at a greater cpneenmaion than in the final liter, in some embodiments, tor instance, the diamond coneeturate pellets may comprise between about 0,1% and about 10.0% by weight diamond particles, alternatively between about 0,1 % and about 5,0% by weight dianfoad particles, alternatively between about 0,1 % and about. 2,0% ⁇ by w ight diamond particles, alternati vely betwee about 0,1 % and about ! ,0% by weight diamond particles, alternatively between, about 0,1% and about 0,5% by weight diamond particles.
  • foe ilsm thermoplastic polymer may be selected from the group consisting of; polyesters polyethylene terephtbalate (PBTj), polypropylene, polycarbonate, poiybatylene terepbthaiate (FBI ' ), po!ytrimethyleu terephtbafele iFFf), pi et yie.ne naphrbalate (PEN),
  • the first thermoplastic polymer may comprise arty of the p ⁇ i!yam.ides that are commonly .known as nyiom Fo instance, in S HSS embodiment the Host i me ksstk polymer may comprise ny n b; nyl & nylon 6,12; nyl&n ⁇ 2j rrylon ,6; nylon 6 > SO; or a combination thereof.
  • the first the»noplasbe polymer may comprise nylon b; nylon 6,6 ; or a combination thereof. In some embodimerits. It ma be desirable that (li first thermoplastic polymer be nylon 6. Nylon 6 is. reiati ve!y easy to process s eas sustain the beat t atments associated with both me preparatio of the diamond corteerrtr ie: pellets and the preparation of die final fiber..
  • the diamond concentrate pellets may comprise between, about 90.0% md about 99.9% by weight of e first thenBopiastie polymer, alternatively betwee akmt 95,0% md about 99.75% by weight of the first thermopl stic polymer,
  • a dispersies gent may be incorporated into the diamond concentrate pellets.
  • I3 ⁇ 4e dispersion agent may comprise an agent that is capable of aiding the dispersion of the nanosized diamond particles throughout the themtoplastic p l mer, saeb as by preventing agglomeration of she naoosized diamond particles.
  • the dispersion agent may be lected from t e group consisting of ⁇ tme steamte, calcium siearste, and combinations thereof, i some embodinienis
  • the diamond concentrate pellets may comprise between about 0,1% and about 5 ,0% by weight dispersion agen , alternatively between abou ⁇ /1% and about 0.8% by weight dispersion agent, alternatively between about Cf 2% and ab t 0,8% by weight dispersio agent,
  • the step of preparing the di.aroo3 ⁇ 4d eorcemraie pellets may comprise beating the first thermoplastic pcsh/raer to for a : viscous phase, bi&nditsg the nimodiamood particles and dispersion agent in to i & viscous phase of the firs thenuopiastic polymer, and extruding the resuhing mixture.
  • the nanodiamon particle may be added to the fiat ihenxa ⁇ plastie polymer in slurry form.
  • the mixture of the first thermoplastic polymer and the naoosiagd diamond: particles may be extruded through an orifice ⁇ or orif lees) having a diameter (or diameters) within the rnifii meter range. Diameters withiiV the pdllirnetet range are large enough to provide that the re veij? hgh « ac «i3 ⁇ 4ratio»
  • the extru ed di mo eooeeotrate material rmy then be divded, .or cut, to produce a. iraber of diamond com&n pellets.
  • the si es of me di amond epues irate pellets may be selected depeftifmg on the naaaner w hich they am mixer! wit the second t3 ⁇ 4e»» ⁇ .
  • the iamon comsmste pellets may have diameter between ab u t 0.5 mat and bout.5 an:!, altera atlve!y between about I mm and i ma, alternatively between about 2 mm and abcmt 3 ftst
  • die diamond concentrate el ts may have a length between abou 1 mm am! about 10 mm, alternatively between ahoaf. !
  • the method rnay also comprise a step in. hich the concentrated diamond composition, such as the diamond concentrate pellets, are mixed itha seeemd th&ftao !astic polymer and melt-extruded to piepare a nasodiant ad-coatainiBg
  • thermoplastic iber thermoplastic iber
  • the second mer opiastie polymer may be selected from the group consisting of; polyesters ie.g., polyethylene lerephthaiafe (BED), pol pfopy!ene, polycarbonate, olybutylene terephthalate ( ⁇ ), polytrhnetbyiene ter ⁇ phtbalaie (PTT), polyethylene na hthal n (PEN), polybutylese naphdialate (PBb3 ⁇ 4 poiytrimeihylene naphthalaie (I bi ' X poiyether ketone (PBKf poiyether ether ketoae iBBEK), pol Cp- phenyleae sulfide) iPBS), polyamides (nylonf derm:op!asbe polym ⁇ tAanes (TBI ) ⁇ , thermoplastic elastomfcrs CTPE aud eomb.
  • polyesters ie.g.
  • the second thenso iasic poly mer may c mprise polyester, nyhw,
  • polypropylene aud. emnbinalioos thereof.
  • the second thermoplastic polymer may comprise aty of the poiyamldes that are commonly known as uyiom
  • the second thermoplastic polymer may .comp ise hyioh 6; nylon 6; er a cor im:aion mcreoC M som mjh Jitftea Sv it amy be desirable har the fee &m*epla$tts; polymer be nylon 6,6,
  • thermoplastic polymer [O0 3 ⁇ 4 3 ⁇ 4 somesmbodi meats, tfee tist it rnmphsiic polymer aftd die «on thermoplastic polymer may be the same.
  • the first thermoplastic polymer arid the second thermoplastic polymer are nylon 6.
  • thermoplastic polymer and the second thermoplastic polymer are avion 6, 6, I sh-vr embodiments
  • the first thermoplastic polymer ami the second thermoplastic polymer are polyester, fo : othe erabodmtents, me first thermop lasde polymer and the second rhenHoptestfc polymer are diffe ent ⁇ For instance.
  • the first thermoplastic polymer is nylon 6 and the second tbemirmiastle poi rner is nylo b,6 ⁇ ii
  • the nodiamorKl-eontalsung thermoplastic fibers may be prepared by mixing the dl atno ad c ncerns® pe llets ' with the second thermoplastic poly raer and ' extruding- me t3 ⁇ 43 ⁇ 4»kift mixiure.
  • dse step of prepariisg me theriBOplastic: fibers may comprise heating die second thermoplastic polymer to form a iscose phase, blendin the
  • the step of preparing tbe thermoplastic fibers may comprise feeding me diamond concentrate pellets and. ellet of tbe seeortd thermoplastic polymer into an extruder and then beating the mixmre of pellets such that the first and second thermoplastic polymers form a viscous phase n which the diamond particles are dispersed.
  • the pellets of the second tberrnoplasilc polymer and the diamoad co enS aie pellets are separately fed into the extruder ia carefully controlled liber that contains a predeferaiined concentration of diamond.
  • the extrusion may be controlled to produce a coobriooos napodianroad-corttaimag thermoplastic ilaffienL
  • the extruded material may fee divided, or cue to produce fibers having a controlled length, such as staple fibers, Often many filaments or libers are prode-eed simaltaseoosl a nd are combined .to prepare a -yam..
  • each fiber may have a wide range of diameters, la seme embodiments, die fiber ma have a diameter tn the micron ran (e,g,, between 1 pm. and ICR) pm).
  • the fiber may have a diameter in rite mrs e of about 2 p to about SO pm, alternati vely ⁇ a pm to about 30 pm alternativel about 5 pm. to about 20 pm, alternatively about pm to about 15 pm, alternatively about ? ⁇ & to about 1 1 prn, alternati el , about 9 pm.
  • Hie length of tbe fiber may be selected depending m. the desired end-use of the fiber. Be ause the ⁇ ⁇ isclmi provides fm the e&t skft. f cohiito ⁇ . filaments, the leng h of the ftheo; produced taw
  • the libers . may also be exiroded so have a d sired cross- seetkm (such as by using one or more orifices that am designed t produce die desired cross-section).
  • a d sired cross- seetkm such as by using one or more orifices that am designed t produce die desired cross-section.
  • i some m bo ⁇ m ⁇ Ai& bm may have a.
  • eis3 ⁇ 4ular eross-secu s) 3 ⁇ 4r a substantially circular eross-sectiom
  • the fibers may have a.
  • cross-se lfm of a dilfeen shape including f >r example, a tri.angnlar cross-section, an oval cross-section, a serrated emss-secrioima lohal cross-section, and the like.
  • dte fibe s may he e «twded so that the ee ier of the fiber is hollow,
  • the fibers ma a so be prepared so as to tee a wide ran e of l near mass densities (e,g.. fineness), hich is conventionally measured in ien of denier par filament ( ⁇ ). in some en xxliraenis, for instance, fee fibers- may be very fine, h&viag linear mass densities wi&nn the nherodenier range (less !rats I dpi).
  • the nanodianTOad-containing tliermopiastic fibens of embodioients of the present disclosure may be converted into yam os ' mg conventional techniques.
  • nanodiamosd-containiag filaments may be spun together to prepare a yam.
  • nanodiamond ⁇ contalmng staple fibers may be blended to : prepare a yam.
  • the yaps comprise the nauodiamoud-contamiug ttermoplaistic fibers is combination wit one or a ⁇ other common textile materials..
  • Commo textile materials refer to those nat mi fJher;, caveluiosie fibers, and synthetic libers of she sort that are generally known for ose in the textile industry.
  • common textile materials fnelnde, bat are aot limited to, eermri, flax, siili, wool, ramie, polyester, n lon * rayon, spandex, plant-baaed fibers such as eorm-based fibers, he p, jute,
  • polypropylene polypropylene, polybe ximidazole, acetate, acrylics, and combinations thereof.
  • nanodianmad-et aining;: fiiasteats may e spun with .one or mom other textile filaments nslng conventional yarn-making processes to prepare a substantially uniform yam:.
  • T he number of each type of filament that is spun into the yam may be selected so as to produce a. yarn having a desij'ed combination of properties.
  • the spinning ra occu by any known method, including* for example, open -end spinning, ring spinning, or air jet. spinning.
  • the yarn-making process generally continue th she Rai in " step, id whic di fiber? te n ered substantially parallel f immf a ropel3 ⁇ 4e strand.
  • This ropeiike strand is then usually subjected o a desired amount of •tewing aod or twisting to provide a yam fi!amesit. fsaviog a desired degree of tightness.
  • the fi ! step in the process is me “spinning” step, which spins die yam fil ments together to farm the yarn.
  • the spinning may occur by any known, method, including, for example, open-end s inning* ring spimtiag, or air jet spinning,
  • tins nanodiarmmd-comairdng tlreratopiastie fibers of embodiments of die present disclosure may be blended w th one or more other textile materials tat a variet of reasons.
  • the nanodiamond- containing diennoplasiic fibers may be ctn iined with low price textile materials to save costs.
  • the rtanodiamojid-cositaifriag thermoplastic fibers may he combined with low moisture absorption / moisture regai yarns (for example, polyester) fo k drying applications,
  • ftihries that are prepared witl yam. that comprises the nanodianiond-containing thermoplastic fibers of the present disclosure.
  • These fabrics may be configured for use m ih& production of garments and oilie articles.
  • the ipcorporatios of iiasodiantosd-costaiBitig tliermoplastic fibers riiay provide fabrics that, m characterized By enhanced properties, iiicStsding, for example, m improved cooling effect fe g, by improvin die heat transfer away front a wearer), improved strength, i proved elongation, improved softness, and combinations foereof,
  • thermoplastic fibers may be used In the production of Woven, liibrics, knitted fabrics,; and other m - woven fahrics, in preparing various non- woven fabrics, for example, staple fibers can be used to make hydroentangled. needle punched substrates, Alternatively, spim-bosd, melt-blown son- woven febrics can be made directly where die polytfter is impregnated with nartodiamond.
  • the nanodtantonddKtsed materials can also iselode ntenthranes, films and sheets made of any of ie thermoplastic materials described teeia. Such hnsuibranes, .films; and sheets can be used in apparel tehs- s «ch as jackets and shoes ' .
  • fabrics may eoiinprise the t iRmiiaoifiRd-cemiaspisg ya:ms, of embodiments of 3 ⁇ 4fee preseut disclosure: in combination with, conventional yarns, such as those thai are prepared from eommorr textile materials, la woven fabrics, for example, the
  • ft may he desimble to configure the fabric so that the yarn comprising the Banodia:mosid smtaIning liber is pngdommanily exposed on the back sorfaee of the fabric, he. the surface of the fabric th&i is configured to fee in contact with a wearer when m de into a. garment. This may ..
  • thermoplastic fibers comprising tbe nanodlarnoud-contaifnng thermoplastic fibers
  • the ta rics comprising the aaaodisniond-comaiaing thermoplastic fibers may be as-ed as an imm laye? fa order to transfer beat from a wearer's foot to the ousside of the footwear,
  • j3 ⁇ 4OSf0 In addi tion to garments;, the mhrtes described herein may also be used as tecbtdcal. fabrics where tbsmtal: management s desirable, for ex mple In accessories such as backpacks aatl in sears such as automotive seats, office chairs, and the like,
  • WS3 ⁇ 4 in order to demoasiraie the variou advantages provided by tbe use of embodiments of tbe prese tl disclosed nanodi mond--eentaining thermoplastic fibers in yarns and fabrics, three sample partially oriented yams (P0Y1 were prepared, A control sample (Control Sample) vara was p!3 ⁇ 4pat3 ⁇ 4d of nylon 6-6 Blanients baving n diam:ond. The first experimental sample (Experimental Sample I ) yanr was prepared of riy!on 6,6 filaraents havin 0,0123% by weight nanodiarnond particles.
  • the second experimental sample (Experimental Sample 2) yam was prepared of nyle3 ⁇ 4 6,6 filaments having 0.025% by weight nanodismond panicles. Bach of the sample yam comprised 34 filaments and had a denier of aixHii 95, 1 Note thaUhe den er of a yam is. different from fdamerst dealers described above].,
  • Table .1 also Identifies the a erage strength of each sample in grams per deuier, OFD (the avepge strength for each sample being converted to grams and divided by the average- denier of d3 ⁇ 4? : sample),
  • Embodiments af the tsanodiamonrf-eoHraithng t emioplas e fibers disclosed herein have beers found to provide a yarn, with at least a % ksemase in strength, compared to th t of a yarn prepared from tbe thermoplastic polytber without th napodiaihorsd, alternatively at least a 2% foeresse 3 ⁇ 4 sitengtfa alternatively at least: a increa e: ⁇ n strength* aliemadvel at least a 43 ⁇ 43 ⁇ 4 increas in stm lgth, alternat v ly a least a 5% increase strength, alternati ely at least a 6% increase strength, alternatively at least a 7% increase m strength, altemativd at least a 8% trscrease ia sirettgih.
  • the nariodiamoisd-costainirig thermoplastic fibers of embodiments of the present disclosure have also been found to provide yams with enhanced eimigation.
  • the sample yams described above were teased using a STAT MAT MS Tensile Tester.
  • the T nsile tester was mgrapim d with i e following test parameters: test trtedtod:
  • some embodiments of the yams prepared from .naBodiamo?td-eoataini «g thermoplastic fibers disclosed h& in may have at least - 1% increase m elongation cotnpared to that of a yarn prepared f torn, the dter op!astie polymer libers without the aanotfiatitond, a!te «ratively at least a 2% iaerease la efoagation. aliernatively at least a 3% increase in. elottgalion, atorttab veiy at least 4% increase in elongation, alternatively at leas a ' 5% increase is elongation,
  • each samp le vara as also tested to determine whether iaclttsioo of the runtodiamond had an effect onthe evenaess ia die yam diameter.
  • Table I each sample yarn, was fmrsd to have a lister pemeMage value of les than 1.0 (a result less dtan 1,0: is: generally considered a favorable result), Accordingly, molosion of the staoed atnorrd was fotrrsd to not have si ailicast effect oii the evenness of the vara.
  • Control and experhneatal knitted fabrics were prepared and subjected to a variety of esting.
  • a control ' knitted fabric sample was prepared by knitting a. fabric, using
  • coadustivky/ahemahvejy at least a S3 ⁇ 4 increase in thermal corsdtictivity, alternatively at least a 6% iacrease la thermal condoetivky, alternatively at least a 7% increase in tk ml conductivity, .-altemati veiy t least a S3 ⁇ 4 increase in thermal etiaduetivity, alternati ely at least a 9% increase i» thermal conducts vlty.: alternatively at least a 103 ⁇ 4 increase in thermal conductivity.
  • thermoplastic fibers especially suitable in the prepa ion of fabric i3 ⁇ 4r gam ⁇ en is and otter articles where thermal management Is desirable.
  • nanodiamond ⁇ eontaiamg fabric may improve the cooling effect of a garmen doe to lis dec eased rate of heating and increased rate of cooling.
  • substantially identical portions of the experimental and sample fabrics differed by as much as 1,70 C (i.e. a portion of the experimental fabric was 1.70 *C tower than the control) during iM sMg stage and ;hy as md m iM (i.e. a portion of she expertise swal .».ric was 1 ,7g 3 ⁇ 4 lower than the co ⁇ tmlfdwlng the cooling stage. Accordingly, the difference in teadng and. ⁇ IS 8g rates for portions of the fabri c sa aiples was quite mhs&mial even w tr the relatively short tsfteen minute testing stages,
  • thermoplastic fibers of embodiments of the present disclosure have bee;a found to provide a fabric with enhanced coolness hen subjected to sualight (or mimicked stmh ht as used in She abo3 ⁇ 4-e testing). For instance,.
  • embodiments of the fabrics prepared with saaodiaffiomi-costaimrsg thermoplastic fibers disclosed herein may provide at leas a 1.0 t reduction n temperature cotrspared to thai of a fabric prepared with the thermoplastic ⁇ polyme lacking the nanodiamon alternatively at least a 1,5 € reduction is temperature, .alternativel at least a 1.7 3 ⁇ 4 reduction, in temperature, alternatively at least a 1,9 5 reduetionra tesT.spe ture, alternati ely at least a 2,0 ° € redaction in temperature..
  • thermoplastic fibers especially suitable in the repamhon of fobries for garinents arsd other amcies where thermal m n gemen is oesi rahle.
  • a second experimemal sample knitted fabric was prepared by krntdng a fabric, sssin : the same conventional, techniques described previously, f om, a textured yam made op of nylon 6,6 lllaments havisig.0.0125% by weight xsa.nodiam.ond particles.
  • f om a fabric, sssin : the same conventional, techniques described previously, f om, a textured yam made op of nylon 6,6 lllaments havisig.0.0125% by weight xsa.nodiam.ond particles.
  • BB of the first experimental fabric made up of nylo 6,6 filaments having 0.0 5% by weight.
  • the Fabric " Touch ' tester measured she therrhsi aiaxiarum flux, or Q-niax, which is th m xk iora energy transmitted doiiag eo3 ⁇ 4pres.sk>m -Because ft ge»eml] ⁇ «!:ares i « the .heattt3 ⁇ 4$ 3 ⁇ 4r that occurs feetweea a person's skks sad a !3 ⁇ 4hrie, t3 ⁇ 4e Q-»mx cm he used to provide a general b3 ⁇ 4iieaiiors of hew eool a fabric will feel io the mi h.
  • Embodiments of the fabrics prepared with riaaodiamond-co aiuiag tl ermeplastie fibers disclosed herein may have at least a 4% increase fn Q-nmx comp&tsd to that of a fabric prepared with the thenrtepfastie polymer lacking the i3 ⁇ 4modiamond ; alternatively at least a. 6ft increase in Q- ax.* alternatively at least an 8ft increase m Q-max,.
  • The. Fabric Touch Tester was. also us d o measure the suri ce f iction coefficient of the samples. Th surface friction, ⁇ oefilcieat of a ferbrie provides an abdication of ho sof t a material feels to the touch.
  • the surface Medea coefficient insult are ⁇ shows ia Figure 4. As seen ' from Fi gate 4 ihe first experimental sample fabric (ideiHiiied. as Pjj had a sutfaee friction coefficient that was about 1.3% lower tfw the control sample fabric, Similarly, the second experimental sample fabric fkter fred as NJ3 ⁇ 4) trad a surface .frictios coefficiestt that: was about 16ft lower than the control sample fabric,
  • thermoplastic fibers of embodiments of the present disekisure have been found to provide a. !3 ⁇ 4hrfc with enhanced soilness. Because the aanosiiied dlamtrad particles may act as roiling elements the surface of the fabric* the serve to redaee Mction between the- surface of She fabric and a contacting serf ace.
  • Embodiments of the fabrics prepared with nanodkmond-coniaining hera>oplastic .fibers disclosed hereto may have at least a 5% increase in softness (i,e,, at least a 5% decrease- in. surface friorion coeffic ent ompared to. that of a fabric prepared with the thenra: ⁇ iasiic p !y « «r !iscking the
  • Control and experimental woven fabrics were also prepared a subjected to a variety of testing.
  • a control mbtic sample was prepared by weaving a fabric, using corrvestional techniques, with a textured yam made op of nylon 6,6 libers ha in no i3 ⁇ 4tmwtc00!e3 ⁇ 4t
  • An experimental fabric sample was prepared by weaving a fabric, itig the $gme;co» »t3 ⁇ 4 «a techniques, with a tenu ed yam made: u of nyloa 6,6 filaments having Cf02a " 3 ⁇ 4 b weight nasediamond parfktes.
  • each of th fabrics was made up of (a) about 72% cotton and (h) abo 2 nylon (control) or nantxhaoiond ⁇ ontaiaing nylon (experiments]), iSlj
  • the c r mfjasd fc eriossjual woven fabrics were subjected to ⁇ study of the rate at which each fabric bea s up d cook down when exposed to a.
  • h logen lamp which is designed to mimic natutal sunlight, ia this study, one side of each of the control and experimental woves fabric saaipics was exposed, to a 50OW halogen lamp at a distance of 50 em.
  • the temperature of each fabric sample was measured with a FU. T620 Inferred (IR) camera. Specifically , the IR camera was located on. the opposite side of the fabric sam les as the halogen lamp. In tills way, the IR camer measured the temperature of die aide of the f bric that as mot directly exposed to the Sight from fhe halogen lamp,
  • the experiiftental sample was found to have an ave a e temperature daring the cooling stage that was 0.14 *C lower than the control sample. Accordingly, the
  • mmodiamond-co afomg fabric may improve dte eoo!mg effect of a garment due to its decreased rate of heating and increased rate of cooling.
  • Main e substantially iderstical moHS of foe experhaesitaiaad sam le fabrics differed by as much as 0. f) °C (he, a poxt m of the e- ⁇ eri esrtal fabric was 0,90 «C lower t ⁇ m control) timing he heating Stage.
  • Aecqtfdlfsgi the i &rersce la be tls rates for portions of the fabric was substantia! even within the relatively short fifteea ⁇ minute stage.
  • woven fabric is pemeived to he cooler and/or softer than s e woven, control fabric b potential, consumers, Speelfiesliy, the e3 ⁇ 4:perimeata.l woven. mhrie was compared against the control woven fabric.
  • the eossetuer-based study demonstrates that the namx!iamonrf- containing U e «Bop1as c fibers of embodiments, of the 3 ⁇ 4se»i disclosure r ide woven fabrics aving eommfefciall sjgnifi ⁇ 3att iserease ⁇ i.» cwlnais and- softn ss.
  • thermoplastic fillers of embodiments of the oeseot disclosure have been found to provide a fabrie with enhanced tensile strength (about M%) and eiougaiir® (about 33 ⁇ 4 ).
  • thermoplastic ite ⁇ of the present disclosure have been. too to provide a .fabric Willi erd3 ⁇ 4ane «d tensile streogd Ernk litnents of the fabrics prepared with asaodiam nd-co»tSimst thermoplastic fibers disclosed herein, may have at least a 53 ⁇ 4 increase m tensile streng h compared to that o f bric prepared, with the thermoplastic polymer lacking the nantKli m d, alternatively at least a ?3 ⁇ 4 ncrease hi tensile stretigth, aiteroimvely at lease a 10% increase in tensile su3 ⁇ 4ngth, alternatively at least a 12% increase in tensile strength, alternatively -at least a 5% increase in tensile strength.
  • fibers may be within about ⁇ 43 ⁇ 4 of the ej «»gai «a . fX>$ss ®$ of a f ric prepared ⁇ ⁇ the themi pteic fibers laokag the nasodiamosid, alternatively wh3 ⁇ 4ia about* 33 ⁇ 4, alternatively within abont ⁇ 2.5%, atenatively k n about ⁇ 2%, alternativel within about .1.S3 ⁇ 4, alternatively within about ⁇ !% ⁇ Sur tishig!y, id some emb diments, the incorporation of fta3 ⁇ 4c iamoad may even result m a.
  • OTh duwnts of the fahrfes prepared with imm l nioBd odt lniag thermoplastic fibers disclosed herein may ha ve at feast a 0.5% increase i elongation compared to that of a fabric prepared with dse thermoplastic fiber lacking the naaodiamorsd, aisrrra ve!y at feast a. 1 increase: hi ekmgaiion, alternatively at feast a 1.5% increase in elongation, alternatively a l as a 2% Incr se in elongation, alternatively at least a 2,5% increase in elongation.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne des procédés de préparation de fibres et de filaments thermoplastiques contenant des nanodiamants et dans lesquels des particules de diamants sont réparties sensiblement uniformément. Le processus consiste à extruder à l'état fondu un matériau contenant un polymère thermoplastique et d'environ 0,001 % à environ 0,25 % en poids de nanoparticules de diamants. La présente invention concerne également des fils et des tissus comportant les fibres ou filaments thermoplastiques contenant des nanodiamants, ainsi que des vêtements comportant ces fils et/ou tissus. Les fils et les tissus comportant des fibres et des filaments thermoplastiques contenant des nanodiamants se sont révélés présenter de meilleures propriétés thermiques et mécaniques et/ou une plus grande douceur.
PCT/US2017/063386 2016-11-29 2017-11-28 Procédé de préparation de fibres thermoplastiques contenant des nanodiamants et utilisation de ces fibres dans des fils et des tissus Ceased WO2018102285A1 (fr)

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JP2019548529A JP2020502392A (ja) 2016-11-29 2017-11-28 ナノダイヤモンド含有熱可塑性繊維を準備する方法、ならびにヤーンおよび布におけるそうした繊維の使用
KR1020197018932A KR20190087602A (ko) 2016-11-29 2017-11-28 나노다이아몬드-함유 열가소성 섬유의 제조 방법 그리고 실 및 패브릭에서의 이러한 섬유의 용도
CN201780073816.9A CN110291235A (zh) 2016-11-29 2017-11-28 制备含纳米金刚石型热塑性纤维的方法以及这种纤维在纱线和织物中的应用

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