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WO2018100984A1 - Élément de protection - Google Patents

Élément de protection Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018100984A1
WO2018100984A1 PCT/JP2017/040181 JP2017040181W WO2018100984A1 WO 2018100984 A1 WO2018100984 A1 WO 2018100984A1 JP 2017040181 W JP2017040181 W JP 2017040181W WO 2018100984 A1 WO2018100984 A1 WO 2018100984A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heating element
electrode
soluble
extraction electrode
conductor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2017/040181
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
裕二 木村
川津　雅巳
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dexerials Corp
Original Assignee
Dexerials Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP2017134377A external-priority patent/JP6957246B2/ja
Application filed by Dexerials Corp filed Critical Dexerials Corp
Priority to KR1020197013786A priority Critical patent/KR102214299B1/ko
Priority to CN201780071468.1A priority patent/CN109937464B/zh
Publication of WO2018100984A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018100984A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
    • H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/055—Fusible members
    • H01H85/08—Fusible members characterised by the shape or form of the fusible member
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/055—Fusible members
    • H01H85/08—Fusible members characterised by the shape or form of the fusible member
    • H01H85/11—Fusible members characterised by the shape or form of the fusible member with applied local area of a metal which, on melting, forms a eutectic with the main material of the fusible member, i.e. M-effect devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/055—Fusible members
    • H01H85/12—Two or more separate fusible members in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/165—Casings
    • H01H85/175—Casings characterised by the casing shape or form
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • This technology relates to a protective element that cuts off the power line and signal line.
  • This application includes Japanese Patent Application No. 2016-231790 filed on November 29, 2016 in Japan and Japanese Patent Application No. 2017-134377 filed on July 10, 2017 in Japan. On the basis of priority, and these applications are incorporated herein by reference.
  • a battery pack incorporates a number of protection circuits such as overcharge protection and overdischarge protection, It has a function of shutting off the output of the battery pack in a predetermined case.
  • This type of protection element performs overcharge protection or overdischarge protection operation of the battery pack by turning on / off the output using a FET (Field Effect Transistor) switch built in the battery pack.
  • FET Field Effect Transistor
  • the FET switch is short-circuited for some reason, a lightning surge or the like is applied and an instantaneous large current flows, or the output voltage drops abnormally due to the life of the battery cell, or excessively abnormal Even when voltage is output, battery packs and electronic devices must be protected from accidents such as ignition. Therefore, in any abnormal state that can be assumed, a protection element having a function of cutting off a current path with a signal from the outside is used in order to safely cut off the output of the battery cell.
  • a first electrode 91, a heating element extraction electrode 95, and a second electrode 92 on the current path are used.
  • the fusible conductor 93 is connected to form part of the current path, and the fusible conductor 93 on the current path is melted by self-heating due to overcurrent or by a heating element 94 provided inside the protective element.
  • a heating element 94 provided inside the protective element.
  • the molten liquid soluble conductor 93 is collected on the heating element extraction electrode 95 connected to the heating element 94 and the first and second electrodes 91, 92, thereby collecting the first and second electrodes.
  • the electrodes 91 and 92 are separated from each other to interrupt the current path.
  • the protective element is an exterior component so that the fusible conductor 93 is melted by the heat generated by the heating element 94, and the fusible conductor 93 is melted by self-heating due to overcurrent.
  • the cover member 97 is sealed.
  • the protective element 90 is provided with an internal space for melting and flowing the soluble conductor 93 by the cover member 97 in order to stably realize the fusing action of the soluble conductor 93 by the heating element 94.
  • the protective element 90 is coated with a flux 98 that prevents oxidation of the surface of the soluble conductor 93 and removes an oxide film on the surface of the soluble conductor 93 in order to maintain fast fusing properties.
  • Such a surface-mount type protection element is required to have an improved current rating in accordance with an increase in capacity and rating of electronic devices and battery packs to be mounted.
  • a protection element in which a current rating is increased by using a fuse element in which a surface of a low melting point metal foil such as solder is coated with a high melting point metal such as Ag or Cu having low resistance (Patent Document 2). reference).
  • the surface-mount type protection element 90 with a heating element includes first and second electrodes 91 and 92 whose both ends are connected to the current-carrying path of the device,
  • a fusible conductor 93 is disposed on three electrodes of a heating element extraction electrode 95 for energizing the heating element 94 in the middle thereof.
  • the fusible conductor 93 is melted by the heat generated by the heating element 94, it rises and aggregates on the three electrodes 91, 92, 95, so that the heating element extraction electrode 95 and the first and second electrodes 91, 92 are located. Are separated and the current is cut off.
  • the soluble conductor 93 is mounted over the first and second electrodes 91 and 92 and the heating element extraction electrode 95, it takes a heating time until the entire soluble conductor 93 is melted, and the volume is increased. In proportion to this, the fusing time is extended, and it is difficult to quickly cut off the power supply when there is an abnormality.
  • the fusible conductor 93 as shown in FIG. 15, a fuse element made by coating the surface of a low melting point metal layer 93a such as solder foil with a high melting point metal layer 93b such as Ag or Cu having low resistance is used.
  • the current rating can be improved while suppressing an increase in the volume of the fusible conductor 93, but the amount of time required to cut off increases due to the use of a refractory metal, making it difficult to cut off the current quickly in the event of an abnormality. It has become.
  • an object of the present technology is to provide a protection element that achieves both improvement in current rating and quick current interruption in the event of an abnormality.
  • a protection element includes an insulating substrate, first and second electrodes provided on the insulating substrate, a heating element formed on the insulating substrate, and the heat generation.
  • a heating element extraction electrode electrically connected to the body, a first soluble conductor mounted from the first electrode to the heating element extraction electrode, and a mounting from the second electrode to the heating element extraction electrode And a second soluble conductor formed.
  • the present technology by connecting the first and second soluble conductors on the heating element extraction electrode, it is possible to reduce the volume of the soluble conductor to be melted by the heat generation of the heating element when the current is interrupted.
  • the heat of the heating element is applied to the first and second soluble conductors mounted between the first electrode and the heating element extraction electrode to be melted and between the second electrode and the heating element extraction electrode. It can be transmitted efficiently, and the energization path between the first and second electrodes can be quickly cut off.
  • FIG. 1A is an external perspective view showing a protective element to which the present technology is applied with a case omitted
  • FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view showing a circuit module to which the present technology is applied
  • FIG. 2A is a plan view showing a state before the fusible conductor of the protection element to which the present technology is applied
  • FIG. 2B is a plan view showing a state where the fusible conductor is blown.
  • FIG. 3 is an external perspective view showing a protection element to which the present technology is applied.
  • FIG. 4 is an external perspective view showing a protective element using a laminated soluble conductor having a low melting point metal layer constituting an inner layer and a high melting point metal layer constituting an outer layer, with the case omitted.
  • FIG. 5 shows a protective element on which the first and second fusible conductors are mounted with the side surface of the low melting point metal layer coated with the high melting point metal layer facing the first and second electrodes and the heating element extraction electrode side.
  • FIG. 6 is an external perspective view showing the protective element having the first and second fusible conductors, the entire surface of the low melting point metal layer being covered with the high melting point metal layer, with the case omitted.
  • FIG. 7A is a plan view showing a state before the fusible conductor of the protection element shown in FIG. 6 is blown
  • FIG. 7B is a plan view showing a state where the fusible conductor is blown.
  • FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a protective element in which a plurality of soluble conductor pieces are arranged with the case omitted.
  • FIG. 9A is a plan view showing a state before the fusing of the protective element using the soluble conductor piece
  • FIG. 9B is a plan view showing a state where the fusible conductor piece is blown.
  • FIG. 10 is an external perspective view showing a protective element using a laminated soluble conductor piece having a low melting point metal layer constituting an inner layer and a high melting point metal layer constituting an outer layer, with the case omitted.
  • FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of a battery circuit using a protection element to which the present invention is applied.
  • FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram of a protection element to which the present invention is applied.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a conventional protective element in which one soluble conductor is mounted across the heating element extraction electrode between the first and second electrodes, with the case omitted
  • FIG. 13B is an external perspective view
  • FIG. 13B is a cross-sectional view.
  • FIG. 14A is a plan view showing a state before a fusible conductor of a conventional protective element is blown
  • FIG. 14B is a plan view showing a state where the fusible conductor is blown.
  • FIG. 15 is an external perspective view showing a conventional protective element using a laminated soluble conductor having a low melting point metal layer constituting an inner layer and a high melting point metal layer constituting an outer layer, with the case omitted.
  • the circuit module 3 to which the present invention is applied is obtained by surface-mounting the protective element 1 on the circuit board 2.
  • the circuit board 2 is formed with, for example, a protection circuit for a lithium ion secondary battery, and the protective element 1 is surface-mounted, whereby the first and second soluble conductors are formed on the charge / discharge path of the lithium ion secondary battery. 31, 32 are incorporated.
  • the circuit module 3 blocks the current path by fusing the first and second fusible conductors 31 and 32 by self-heating (Joule heat).
  • FIG. 1A is a plan view showing the protective element 1 to which the present invention is applied with the case omitted
  • FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of the circuit module 3 to which the present invention is applied. It is.
  • the protection element 1 includes an insulating substrate 10, a heating element 14 laminated on the insulating substrate 10 and covered with an insulating member 15, and a first formed on both ends of the insulating substrate 10.
  • 1 soluble conductor 31 and a second soluble conductor 32 mounted from the second electrode 12 to the heating element extraction electrode 16.
  • the insulating substrate 10 is formed in a substantially square shape by an insulating member such as alumina, glass ceramics, mullite, zirconia.
  • the insulating substrate 10 may be made of a material used for a printed wiring board such as a glass epoxy board or a phenol board, but it is necessary to pay attention to the temperature at which the fusible conductor 13 is melted.
  • first and second electrodes As shown in FIG. 2A, the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 are opened by being spaced apart from each other in the vicinity of opposite side edges on the surface 10a of the insulating substrate 10, The first and second soluble conductors 31 and 32 and the heating element extraction electrode 16 are mounted by mounting the first and second soluble conductors 31 and 32 between the heating element extraction electrode 16 described later. Is electrically connected.
  • the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 pass a large current exceeding the rating through the protective element 1 and the first and second soluble conductors 31 and 32 are self-heating. It is cut off by fusing due to (Joule heat), or when the heating element 14 generates heat upon energization and the first and second soluble conductors 31 and 32 are fused between the heating element lead electrode 16.
  • the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 are provided on the back surface 10 f via castellations provided on the first and second side surfaces 10 b and 10 c of the insulating substrate 10, respectively.
  • the external connection electrodes 11a and 12a are connected.
  • the protection element 1 is connected to the circuit board 2 on which an external circuit is formed via the external connection electrodes 11a and 12a, and constitutes a part of the energization path of the external circuit.
  • the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 can be formed using a general electrode material such as Cu or Ag.
  • a coating such as Ni / Au plating, Ni / Pd plating, or Ni / Pd / Au plating is coated on the surfaces of the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 by a known method such as plating.
  • the protection element 1 can prevent the oxidation of the first and second electrodes 11 and 12, and can prevent the fluctuation of the rating due to the increase of the conduction resistance.
  • a low melting point that forms connection solder for connecting the first and second soluble conductors 31 and 32 or an outer layer of the first and second soluble conductors 31 and 32. It is possible to prevent the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 from being eroded (soldered) by melting the metal.
  • the heating element 14 is a conductive member that generates heat when energized, and is made of, for example, W, Mo, Ru, Cu, Ag, or an alloy containing these as main components.
  • the heating element 14 is obtained by mixing a powdered material of these alloys, compositions, or compounds with a resin binder or the like, forming a paste on the insulating substrate 10 using a screen printing technique, and firing it. Etc. can be formed.
  • the heating element 14 has one end connected to the first heating element electrode 18 and the other end connected to the second heating element electrode 19.
  • the protective element 1 is provided with an insulating member 15 so as to cover the heating element 14, and a heating element extraction electrode 16 is formed so as to face the heating element 14 through the insulating member 15.
  • the insulating member 15 may be laminated between the heating element 14 and the insulating substrate 10.
  • the insulating member 15 for example, glass can be used.
  • One end of the heating element extraction electrode 16 is connected to the first heating element electrode 18 and is connected to one end of the heating element 14 via the first heating element electrode 18.
  • the first heating element electrode 18 is formed on the third side surface 10 d side of the insulating substrate 10
  • the second heating element electrode 19 is formed on the fourth side surface 10 e side of the insulating substrate 10.
  • the second heating element electrode 19 is connected to an external connection electrode 19a formed on the back surface 10f of the insulating substrate 10 through a castellation formed on the fourth side surface 10e.
  • the heating element 14 is connected to an external circuit formed on the circuit board 2 via the external connection electrode 19a by mounting the protection element 1 on the circuit board 2.
  • the heating element 14 is energized through the external connection electrode 19a at a predetermined timing to cut off the energization path of the external circuit, and generates heat to connect the first and second electrodes 11 and 12. 1 and the 2nd soluble conductor 31 and 32 can be blown out. Further, the heating element 14 stops its heat generation because the first and second fusible conductors 31 and 32 are melted to shut off the current-carrying path.
  • the first soluble conductor 31 is mounted from the first electrode 11 to the heating element extraction electrode 16, and the second soluble conductor 32 is mounted from the second electrode 12 to the heating element extraction electrode 16, preferably The first and second fusible conductors 31 and 32 are separated from each other on the heating element extraction electrode 16.
  • the first soluble conductor 31 has, for example, a rectangular plate shape, and is connected to the first electrode 11 side edge portion of the heating element extraction electrode 16 and the first electrode 11.
  • the second fusible conductor 32 has, for example, a rectangular plate shape, and is connected to the side edge of the heating element extraction electrode 16 on the second electrode 12 side and the second electrode 12.
  • the protective element 1 is configured with an energization path that spans the first electrode 11, the first soluble conductor 31, the heating element extraction electrode 16, the second soluble conductor 32, and the second electrode 12.
  • Such a protection element 1 divides the fusible conductor constituting the energization path between the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 into the first and second fusible conductors 31 and 32 to generate a heating element extraction electrode. 16 and the heating element extraction electrode 16 is used as an energization path between the first and second electrodes 11 and 12. Thereby, the protection element 1 is on the heating element extraction electrode 16 as compared with the conventional protection element in which one soluble conductor is mounted across the heating element extraction electrode between the first and second electrodes. The volume of the soluble conductor between the first and second soluble conductors 31 and 32 is reduced.
  • the soluble conductor at the center of the heating element extraction electrode 16 that does not directly contribute to the interruption of the conduction path between the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 is melted. Since the fusible conductor is located immediately above the heating element 14, the fusible conductor has been melted before the first and second electrodes 11 and 12.
  • the protection element 1 is melted by the heat generated by the heating element 14 when the current is interrupted by connecting the first and second fusible conductors 31 and 32 on the heating element extraction electrode 16, preferably at a distance from each other.
  • the volume of the soluble conductor to be reduced can be reduced, and the heat of the heating element can be reduced between the first electrode 11 and the heating element extraction electrode 16 to be melted and between the second electrode 12 and the heating element extraction electrode 16.
  • the protection element 1 using the heating element extraction electrode 16 as a current-carrying path between the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 has a single soluble conductor extending between the first and second electrodes.
  • the current rating is maintained even when compared with the conventional protection elements that are installed across the board. Accordingly, the current path between the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 can be quickly cut off as much as the volume of the fusible conductor to be blown is reduced compared to the conventional protection element having the same current rating. it can.
  • the protective element 1 since the volume of the soluble conductor to be melted is reduced, the protective element 1 does not overflow the molten conductor from the heating element extraction electrode 16, and reliably between the first and second electrodes 11, 12. Can be cut off, and the insulation reliability after the turning off of the current can be improved (see FIG. 2B).
  • the first and second fusible conductors 31 and 32 are made of a material that is quickly melted by the heat generated by the heating element 14, and are preferably made of a low melting point metal such as solder or Pb-free solder mainly composed of Sn. Can be used.
  • the first and second soluble conductors 31 and 32 can be formed using metal such as In, Sn, Pb, Ag, Cu, or an alloy mainly containing any of these. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the first and second soluble conductors 31 and 32 may be laminated bodies in which the inner layer is a low melting point metal and the outer layer is a high melting point metal.
  • the inner low-melting-point metal layer 33 can be composed of a solder foil or the like
  • the outer high-melting-point metal layer 34 can be composed of an Ag plating layer or the like.
  • the first and second fusible conductors 31 and 32 have a laminated structure in which the inner layer is a low melting point metal layer 33 and the outer layer is a high melting point metal layer 34, so that when the protective element 1 is reflow mounted, Even when the temperature exceeds the melting temperature of the low melting point metal and the low melting point metal is melted, the outflow of the low melting point metal to the outside is suppressed and the shapes of the first and second soluble conductors 31 and 32 are maintained. be able to. Therefore, the first and second fusible conductors 31 and 32 are not melted at a predetermined temperature due to local increase or decrease in resistance value due to deformation, or melted at a temperature lower than the predetermined temperature. Variations in characteristics can be prevented.
  • first and second soluble conductors 31 and 32 are melted (soldered) by melting the low melting point metal even when fusing, so that the melting point of the high melting point metal is below the melting point of the high melting point metal. Can be quickly melted at a temperature of
  • the first and second fusible conductors 31 and 32 are connected to the heating element extraction electrode 16 and the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 by a connecting material 39 such as solder.
  • the first and second fusible conductors 31 and 32 can be easily connected by reflow soldering.
  • the first and second soluble conductors 31 and 32 can be manufactured by forming a high melting point metal layer 34 on the low melting point metal layer 33 using a plating technique.
  • the first and second fusible conductors 31 and 32 can be manufactured efficiently and easily, for example, by performing Ag plating on the surface of the long solder foil and then cutting it according to the size to be used. Can be used.
  • the low-melting point metal layer 33 is exposed on both end faces serving as cut surfaces.
  • the first and second fusible conductors 31 and 32 have end faces from which the low melting point metal layer 33 is exposed facing the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 and the heating element extraction electrode 16 side.
  • the side surface covered with the refractory metal layer 34 is placed toward the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 and the heating element extraction electrode 16 side. May be.
  • the end face where the low-melting point metal layer 33 is exposed faces the region between the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 and the heating element extraction electrode 16 as shown in FIG.
  • the configuration shown in FIG. 4 in which the end face from which the low melting point metal layer 33 is exposed faces the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 and the heating element extraction electrode 16 side is more reliable.
  • the first and second fusible conductors 31 and 32 are manufactured by forming a high melting point metal 34 on the entire surface of the low melting point metal layer 33 using a plating technique as shown in FIGS. May be.
  • the first and second fusible conductors 31 and 32 form, for example, a high melting point metal layer layer 34 on the entire surface of the low melting point metal layer 33 by performing Ag plating on the entire surface of the solder foil formed to the size to be used. be able to. According to the first and second fusible conductors 31 and 32 shown in FIG.
  • the low melting point metal layer 33 is not exposed on the surface, so the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 and the heating element extraction electrode
  • the outflow of the low melting point metal layer 33 can be completely suppressed, the deformation due to the reflow heating is prevented, and the fusing characteristics are maintained. Can do.
  • the protective element 1 forms the high melting point metal layer 34 on the entire surface of the low melting point metal layer 33, so that the low melting point metal layer 33 becomes the first and second electrodes 11, 12, the heating element extraction electrode 16, and the like.
  • the predetermined fusing characteristic is maintained without flowing into the region between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 11 and the energization path between the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 can be reliably interrupted, and the insulation reliability after the energization is interrupted is improved. (See FIG. 7).
  • the first and second soluble conductors 31 and 32 and the heating element extraction electrode 16 are preferably coated with a flux 23 to prevent oxidation, improve wettability, and the like.
  • the protective element 1 is provided with a case 20 on the surface 10a of the insulating substrate 10 in order to protect the inside.
  • the case 20 is formed in a substantially rectangular shape according to the shape of the insulating substrate 10.
  • the case 20 includes a side surface 21 connected to the surface 10a of the insulating substrate 10 provided with the soluble conductor 13, and a top surface that covers the surface 10a of the insulating substrate 10. 22, the fusible conductor 13 expands spherically on the surface 10 a of the insulating substrate 10 when melted, and the molten conductor aggregates on the heating element extraction electrode 16 and the first and second electrodes 11, 12. Enough internal space.
  • the protection element 1 to which the present technology is applied and the conventional protection element in which one soluble conductor is mounted across the first and second electrodes across the heating element extraction electrode 16 may have the same cross-sectional area.
  • the molten conductor was connected and the interruption time from the start of energization to the heating element was measured.
  • SnSb 95: 5, liquidus point 240 ° C.
  • a fusible conductor having a laminated structure in which the inner layer is a low-melting-point metal layer and the outer layer is a high-melting-point metal layer is connected, and the interruption time from the start of energization to the heating element is measured.
  • SnSb 95: 5, liquidus point 240 ° C.
  • the protection element 1 to which the present technology is applied can reduce the volume of the soluble conductor to be melted by the heat generation of the heating element 14 when the current is interrupted, and the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 can be reduced. It can be seen that the energization path can be cut off more quickly.
  • the protection element 1 includes a plurality (n) of small first and second soluble conductor pieces 31 ⁇ / b> A, instead of the first and second soluble conductors 31 and 32.
  • 32A may be independently connected in parallel across the first and second electrodes 11, 12 and the heating element extraction electrode 16.
  • the fusible conductor pieces 31A and 32A are made of the same material as the first and second fusible conductors 31 and 32 and are smaller than the first and second fusible conductors 31 and 32. It is.
  • the protection element 1 includes four soluble conductor pieces 31A-1, 31A-2, 31A-3, and 31A-4 as the first soluble conductor 31. And the four soluble conductor pieces 32A-1, 32A-2, 32A-3, and 32A-4 in parallel as the second soluble conductor 32. Also good.
  • the protective element 1 can easily adjust the current capacity by adjusting the number of the soluble conductor pieces 31A and 32A by arranging the plurality of soluble conductor pieces 31A and 32A in parallel.
  • the protective element 1 prevents the deformation of each of the soluble conductor pieces 31A and 32A by arranging a plurality of the soluble conductor pieces 31A and 32A in parallel while having the same current capacity as that of one soluble conductor.
  • fluctuations in the fusing characteristics can be prevented.
  • a laminated soluble conductor in which the inner low melting point metal layer described above is coated with an outer high melting point metal layer when the planar dimension increases, the inner low melting point metal layer melts and flows during reflow heating. By doing so, deformation is likely to occur.
  • the fusible conductor has a locally thickened portion and a thinned portion, resulting in variations in resistance values, and the fusing characteristics may not be maintained.
  • the protective element 1 has a plurality of fusible conductor pieces 31A and 32A arranged in parallel, thereby reducing the planar dimensions of the fusible conductor pieces 31A and 32A, and preventing deformation due to heat even during reflow heating, Fusing characteristics can be maintained.
  • the protection element 1 can be prevented from being deformed by being divided and connected to the plurality of soluble conductor pieces 31A and 32A, and there is no risk of destroying the heating element extraction electrode 16, and the resistance to thermal shock can be improved. it can.
  • the reliability of the fusing characteristics by preventing deformation during reflow heating or the like, and the mitigation of the impact on the first and second electrodes 11, 12 and the heating element extraction electrode 16 are achieved.
  • it is desirable to increase the number of divisions for example, by dividing each of the soluble conductor pieces 31A and 32A into four or more.
  • the manufacturing cost of each of the soluble conductor pieces 31A and 32A and the number of mounting steps are also increased.
  • each fusible conductor piece 31A, 32A considering the manufacturing cost, mounting cost, etc. of each fusible conductor piece 31A, 32A, the reliability of the fusing characteristics, and the balance of impact mitigation with respect to the first and second electrodes 11, 12 and the heating element extraction electrode 16, it is possible. It is preferable to divide the molten conductor pieces 31A and 32A into 2 to 3 respectively.
  • the protective element 1 is formed so that the soluble conductor pieces 31A and 32A are formed in a substantially rectangular shape in a plan view and are connected so that the longitudinal direction is directed along the energizing direction.
  • the connection may be made so that the longitudinal direction forms an arbitrary angle with respect to the energization direction.
  • the protective element 1 may be formed by forming the soluble conductor pieces 31 ⁇ / b> A and 32 ⁇ / b> A as a laminated body including an inner layer of a low melting point metal and an outer layer of a high melting point metal.
  • the fusible conductor pieces 31A and 32A are configured by, for example, forming the inner low-melting-point metal layer 33 with a solder foil or the like in the same manner as the first and second fusible conductors 31 and 32 of the laminated type described above.
  • the melting point metal layer 34 can be composed of an Ag plating layer or the like.
  • the fusible conductor pieces 31A and 32A have a laminated structure in which the inner layer is the low-melting-point metal layer 33 and the outer layer is the high-melting-point metal layer 34, so that miniaturization and higher rating can be realized, and the protective element 1 is In the case of reflow mounting, the shape can be maintained even when the reflow temperature exceeds the melting temperature of the low melting point metal and the low melting point metal is melted, and fluctuations in fusing characteristics can be prevented.
  • the fusible conductor pieces 31A and 32A quickly melt at a temperature below the melting point of the refractory metal by melting the refractory metal by melting the low melting point metal even when fusing. Can be melted.
  • the protection element 1 all the soluble conductor pieces 31A and 32A are formed in the same shape, and the same number of the soluble conductor pieces 31A and 32A are formed of the first soluble conductor 31 and the second soluble conductor 32.
  • the soluble conductor piece 31A and the soluble conductor piece 32A may have different shapes, sizes, and numbers.
  • the protection element 1 may have a different shape or size among the plurality of soluble conductor pieces 31A, or may have a different shape or size among the plurality of soluble conductor pieces 32A.
  • the protective element 1 may be formed of only one of the first and second soluble conductors 31 and 32 with a soluble conductor piece, or may be soluble with the first and second soluble conductors 31 and 32.
  • the conductor pieces 31A and 32A may be used in combination.
  • the protection element 1 changes the resistance value of each soluble conductor piece 31A, 32A for each place by appropriately changing the size and number of each soluble conductor piece 31A, 32A, and the first and second soluble elements
  • the order of fusing of the conductors 31 and 32, or the order and speed of fusing of each soluble conductor piece in the plurality of soluble conductor pieces 31A and 32A can be adjusted.
  • circuit board 2 On which the protection element 1 is mounted will be described.
  • a known insulating substrate such as a rigid substrate such as a glass epoxy substrate, a glass substrate, or a ceramic substrate, or a flexible substrate is used.
  • the circuit board 2 has a mounting portion on which the protective element 1 is surface-mounted by reflow or the like, and is provided on the back surface 10f of the insulating substrate 10 of the protective element 1 in the mounting portion. Connection electrodes connected to the external connection terminals 11a, 12a, and 19a are provided.
  • the circuit board 2 is mounted with an element such as an FET that energizes the heating element 14 of the protection element 1.
  • circuit module 3 is used as a circuit in a battery pack of a lithium ion secondary battery, for example.
  • the protection element 1 is used by being incorporated in a battery pack 40 having a battery stack 45 composed of battery cells 41 to 44 of a total of four lithium ion secondary batteries.
  • the battery pack 40 includes a battery stack 45, a charge / discharge control circuit 50 that controls charging / discharging of the battery stack 45, a protection element 1 to which the present invention that cuts off charging when the battery stack 45 is abnormal, and each battery cell A detection circuit 46 that detects the voltages 41 to 44 and a current control element 47 that controls the operation of the protection element 1 according to the detection result of the detection circuit 46 are provided.
  • the battery stack 45 is formed by connecting battery cells 41 to 44 that need to be controlled for protection from overcharge and overdischarge states, and is detachable through the positive terminal 40a and the negative terminal 40b of the battery pack 40. Are connected to the charging device 55, and the charging voltage from the charging device 55 is applied.
  • the electronic device can be operated by connecting the positive terminal 40a and the negative terminal 40b of the battery pack 40 charged by the charging device 55 to the electronic device operated by the battery.
  • the charge / discharge control circuit 50 includes two current control elements 51 and 52 connected in series to a current path flowing from the battery stack 45 to the charging device 55, and a control unit 53 that controls operations of these current control elements 51 and 52. Is provided.
  • the current control elements 51 and 52 are configured by, for example, field effect transistors (hereinafter referred to as FETs), and control the gate voltage by the control unit 53 to control conduction and interruption of the current path of the battery stack 45. .
  • FETs field effect transistors
  • the control unit 53 operates by receiving power supply from the charging device 55, and controls the current so that the current path is interrupted when the battery stack 45 is overdischarged or overcharged according to the detection result by the detection circuit 46. The operation of the elements 51 and 52 is controlled.
  • Protective element 1 is connected, for example, on a charge / discharge current path between battery stack 45 and charge / discharge control circuit 50, and its operation is controlled by current control element 47.
  • the detection circuit 46 is connected to the battery cells 41 to 44, detects the voltage values of the battery cells 41 to 44, and supplies the voltage values to the control unit 53 of the charge / discharge control circuit 50.
  • the detection circuit 46 outputs a control signal for controlling the current control element 47 when any one of the battery cells 41 to 44 becomes an overcharge voltage or an overdischarge voltage.
  • the current control element 47 is composed of, for example, an FET, and when the voltage value of the battery cells 41 to 44 exceeds a predetermined overdischarge or overcharge state by a detection signal output from the detection circuit 46, the protection element 1 is operated to control the charge / discharge current path of the battery stack 45 to be cut off regardless of the switch operation of the current control elements 51 and 52.
  • the protection element 1 to which the present invention is applied has a circuit configuration as shown in FIG. That is, the protective element 1 is connected to the first and second soluble conductors 31 and 32, the first soluble conductor 31 and the second soluble conductor 32 connected in series via the heating element extraction electrode 16.
  • the heating element 14 melts the first and second soluble conductors 31 and 32 by energizing the generated heating element lead electrode 16 to generate heat.
  • the protection element 1 for example, the first and second soluble conductors 31 and 32 are connected in series on the charge / discharge current path, and the heating element 14 is connected to the current control element 47.
  • the first electrode 11 of the protection element 1 is connected to the open end of the battery stack 45 via the external connection electrode 11a, and the second electrode 12 is connected to the positive terminal 40a side of the battery pack 40 via the external connection electrode 12a.
  • the heating element 14 is connected to the charge / discharge current path of the battery pack 40 by being connected to the first and second fusible conductors 31 and 32 via the heating element lead-out electrode 16, and the second heating element
  • the current control element 47 is connected via the body electrode 19 and the external connection electrode 19a.
  • the protection element 1 can reliably cut off the current path by fusing the first and second fusible conductors 31 and 32. Further, since the first and second fusible conductors 31 and 32 are fused, the power supply path to the heating element 14 is also cut off, so that the heating of the heating element 14 is also stopped.
  • the first and second fusible conductors 31 and 32 are fused by self-heating (Joule heat). By doing so, the current path can be cut off.
  • the protection element 1 is configured such that the first and second soluble conductors 31 and 32 are connected to the heating element extraction electrode 16 preferably at a distance from each other, whereby one soluble conductor is connected to the first and second soluble conductors. Since the volume of the soluble conductor on the heating element extraction electrode 16 is reduced as compared with the conventional protection element mounted across the heating element extraction electrode across the two electrodes, the heating element at the time of current interruption The volume of the soluble conductor to be melted by the heat generation of 14 can be reduced, and the energization path between the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 can be quickly cut off.
  • the protective element 1 since the volume of the soluble conductor to be melted is reduced, the protective element 1 does not overflow the molten conductor from the heating element extraction electrode 16, and reliably between the first and second electrodes 11, 12. Can be cut off, and the insulation reliability after the turning off of the current can be improved (see FIG. 2B).
  • the protection element 1 to which the present technology is applied is not limited to use in a battery pack of a lithium ion secondary battery, but also in various applications that require interruption of a current path by an electrical signal, such as abnormal overheating of an IC. Of course, it is applicable.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)

Abstract

Afin de réaliser un élément de protection qui peut atteindre aussi bien une amélioration d'un courant nominal que l'application d'une coupure rapide de courant pendant une anomalie, et également améliorer la fiabilité d'isolation après la coupure de courant, la présente invention comporte : un substrat d'isolation (10) ; de première et deuxième électrodes (11, 12) disposées sur le substrat d'isolation (10) ; un élément chauffant (14) formé sur le substrat d'isolation (10) ; une électrode d'extraction (16) d'élément chauffant connectée électriquement à l'élément chauffant (14) ; un premier conducteur fusible (31) monté depuis la première électrode (11) à travers l'électrode d'extraction (16) d'élément chauffant ; et un deuxième conducteur fusible (32) monté depuis la deuxième électrode (12) à travers l'électrode d'extraction (16) d'élément chauffant.
PCT/JP2017/040181 2016-11-29 2017-11-08 Élément de protection Ceased WO2018100984A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020197013786A KR102214299B1 (ko) 2016-11-29 2017-11-08 보호 소자
CN201780071468.1A CN109937464B (zh) 2016-11-29 2017-11-08 保护元件

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2016-231790 2016-11-29
JP2016231790 2016-11-29
JP2017-134377 2017-07-10
JP2017134377A JP6957246B2 (ja) 2016-11-29 2017-07-10 保護素子

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018100984A1 true WO2018100984A1 (fr) 2018-06-07

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PCT/JP2017/040181 Ceased WO2018100984A1 (fr) 2016-11-29 2017-11-08 Élément de protection

Country Status (2)

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TW (1) TWI744420B (fr)
WO (1) WO2018100984A1 (fr)

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JP7340979B2 (ja) * 2019-07-22 2023-09-08 デクセリアルズ株式会社 保護素子および保護回路

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JP2010165685A (ja) * 2010-03-04 2010-07-29 Sony Chemical & Information Device Corp 保護素子及びバッテリーパック
JP2012212689A (ja) * 2012-07-23 2012-11-01 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 遮断機構を有する電力用半導体装置
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