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WO2018100057A1 - Fluide de transfert thermique - Google Patents

Fluide de transfert thermique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018100057A1
WO2018100057A1 PCT/EP2017/080960 EP2017080960W WO2018100057A1 WO 2018100057 A1 WO2018100057 A1 WO 2018100057A1 EP 2017080960 W EP2017080960 W EP 2017080960W WO 2018100057 A1 WO2018100057 A1 WO 2018100057A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat transfer
fluid according
amount
fluid
typically
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2017/080960
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Lloyd ROBINSON
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Trio Gas Products Ltd
Original Assignee
Trio Gas Products Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB1620421.6A external-priority patent/GB2557240A/en
Priority claimed from GB1713117.8A external-priority patent/GB2565563B/en
Application filed by Trio Gas Products Ltd filed Critical Trio Gas Products Ltd
Publication of WO2018100057A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018100057A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
    • C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
    • C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
    • C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/10—Components
    • C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
    • C09K2205/126—Unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/22—All components of a mixture being fluoro compounds

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat transfer fluid, in particular; a fluid for use in heat transfer applications, such as cooling; use of said fluid in heat transfer applications; and heat transfer devices comprising said fluid.
  • An air conditioner (or air conditioning unit or "air con” or “AC”, as it is often referred to) is an example of a heat transfer device used to modify the conditions of an atmosphere, typically where the air in an environment is cooled and optionally dehumidified.
  • the apparatus can be integral to a given environment (e.g. forming part of the ventilation system of a building or the climate controls of a vehicle) or may be a self-contained unit which can be deployed to a particular environment.
  • Heat transfer devices of this kind process the air of an environment, typically cooling the air (though in some applications can provide heating) by bringing incoming air into thermal communication with a heat transfer fluid system. The heat transfer fluid, once it has absorbed the heat from the incoming air, is then moved to a heat sink where the heat is released .
  • CFCs chlorofluorocarbons sometimes referred to as CFCs.
  • CFCs are very damaging to the earth's ozone layer and contribute to global warming. Therefore, CFCs have been gradually phased out of use in countries around the world. Accordingly, various substitute fluids have been developed, without the negative environmental side-effects, as replacement for CFCs.
  • a common fluid mixture that has been used to replace traditional CFCs is a mixture of difluoromethane (CH2F2, often in the industry referred to as "R32") and pentafluoroethane (CHF2CF3, often in the industry referred to as "R125").
  • R410A This particular gas mixture (often referred to in the industry as "R410A”) performs well as a heat transfer fluid and is less damaging to the environment.
  • heat transfer devices using CFC replacement fluids must be operated at higher pressures.
  • R410A is conventionally used in systems at pressures approximately 35% higher than those of an equivalent system using CFCs. This is disadvantageous for a number of reasons. Firstly, operating systems at higher pressure requires more energy and therefore reduces the overall efficiency of a heat transfer device. Higher pressures also place greater demands on the structural integrity of a heat transfer device and increase the rate of "wear and tear".
  • the invention is intended to overcome or at least ameliorate the above problems.
  • a heat transfer fluid comprising : a first component, present in an amount greater than 85% wt., comprising; (a) a C1-C6 tetrafluoroalkane, and (b) a C1-C6 tetrafluoroalkene; and a second component, present in an amount less than 15% wt., comprising; (c) a C1-C6 difluoroalkane, and (d) a C2-C6 pentafluoroalkane.
  • the inventors have surprisingly found that making use of a two-component system containing the above claimed components leads to a surprising improvement in the efficiency of a heat transfer system.
  • heat transfer fluid is intended to refer to a liquid or gas which is used to absorb or dissipate heat. Such fluids are typically used to absorb heat from a first region of a system and dissipate heat from a second region of the system. A classic example of this would be, for instance, a refrigerator in which the heat transfer fluid passes through the fluid circuit, in thermal communication with a heat sink and chilled internal cabinet, in such a way as to extract heat from within the cabinet (where food is kept) and release heat to a heat sink. Whether or not the heat transfer fluid is a liquid or gas depends largely on the temperatures involved and the pressures at which the system is operated. It is conceivable that the fluid could be a combination of both liquid and gas depending on how a particular heat transfer device is operated. However, it is typically the case that the heat transfer fluid is a gas.
  • (a) is present in an amount in the range of 40 wt.% to 50 wt.%., more typically 42 wt.% to 48 wt.%, more typically still 45 wt.% to 47 wt.% and most typically about 46 wt. % with respect to the total composition.
  • (b) is present in an amount in the range of 45 wt.% to 55 wt.% , more typically 46 wt.% to 52 wt.%, more typically still 47 wt.% to 51 wt.%, even more typically 48 wt.% to 50 wt.% and most typically about 49 wt.% with respect to the total composition.
  • references to the percentage of the component of the composition is intended to refer to the weight percentage of the total composition.
  • (c) is typically difluoromethane (CF2H2, often referred to as "R32”).
  • (d) is pentafluoroethane (CF3CF2H, often referred to as "R125”).
  • the inventors have found that making use of these compounds as elements (c) and (d) results in a surprising improvement in the properties of the heat transfer fluid as compared to those currently prevalent in industry.
  • the second component comprises a mixture of 40 wt.% to 60 wt.% difluoromethane and from 60 wt.% to 40 wt.% pentafluoroethane. More typically, the mixture comprises from 45 wt.% to 55 wt.% difluoromethane and from 55 wt.% to 45 wt.% pentafluoroethane.
  • (c) is present in an amount in the range of 2.0 wt.% to 10 wt.%, more typically 2.0 wt.% to 8 wt.%, and even more typically, 2.0 wt.% to 3.0 wt.%. Most often, (c) is present in an amount of about 2.5 wt.% with respect to the total composition.
  • (d) is present in an amount in the range of 2.0 wt.% to 10 wt.%, more typically, 2.0 wt.% to 8 wt.%, and even more typically, 2.0 wt.% to 3.0 wt.%. Most often, d) is present in an amount of about 2.5 wt.% with respect to the total composition.
  • the inventors have found that these particular ratios and absolute quantities of the described compounds of the second component result in significant improvements in the heat transfer properties of the fluid as compared to those currently prevalent in the industry.
  • the first component of the heat transfer fluid is present in an amount greater than 90 wt.% by weight of the total composition of the gas. Further, it is also the case that the second component is typically present in an amount of less than 10 wt.% by weight with respect to the total mass of the heat transfer fluid.
  • the heat transfer fluid of the invention may include further additives.
  • inert odorous fluids may be incorporated into the heat transfer fluid of the invention in order to aid in the detection of leaks.
  • the fluid of the invention may further comprise one or more dyes.
  • There is no particular restriction on the choice of additive provided that the additive does not (or at least negligibly) adversely interfere with the action of the heat transfer fluid.
  • Catalysts and other additives that promote the heat transfer properties of the fluid of the invention may also be used.
  • Antimicrobial or cleaning agents may also be introduced into the fluid.
  • a leak stopping reagent may be incorporated into the composition of the invention so as to promote the sealing of any cracks or punctures in containers in which the composition is contained.
  • the total amount of additives introduced into the composition of the invention will be less than 15%, more typically less than 10%, more typically still less than 5%, even more typically less than 3% and most typically less than 1% (by weight of the total composition).
  • heat transfer device is intended to refer to any device adapted to heating or cooling a particular environment, using a cyclable fluid circuit.
  • heat transfer device There is no particular restriction on the types of heat transfer device with which the fluid of the first aspect of the invention may be used.
  • typical examples include refrigerators, air conditioning units, heat pumps, centrifugal chillers and combinations thereof.
  • the heat transfer device is an air conditioning system .
  • composition of the invention may comprise any one of the above described features, it is also envisaged that said composition may consist, or consist essentially, of those features described herein.
  • composition 1 The skilled person will appreciate that these values are not exact and typically, these values are accurate to ⁇ 1 wt.%.
  • Table 2 The properties of composition 1 are shown in table 2 below:

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un fluide de transfert thermique destiné à être utilisé dans des unités de climatisation et analogues. L'invention utilise des composés particuliers qui ne favorisent pas significativement les dommages à l'ozone ou le réchauffement global, mais qui présentent des propriétés de transfert de chaleur comparables à celles des CFC à des pressions similaires à celles des systèmes utilisant précédemment des CFC. En particulier, le tétrafluoroéthane et le tétrafluoropropène sont utilisés conjointement avec du difluorométhane et du pentafluoroéthane.
PCT/EP2017/080960 2016-12-01 2017-11-30 Fluide de transfert thermique Ceased WO2018100057A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1620421.6 2016-12-01
GB1620421.6A GB2557240A (en) 2016-12-01 2016-12-01 Heat transfer fluid
GB1713117.8A GB2565563B (en) 2017-08-16 2017-08-16 Heat transfer fluid
GB1713117.8 2017-08-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018100057A1 true WO2018100057A1 (fr) 2018-06-07

Family

ID=60942955

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2017/080960 Ceased WO2018100057A1 (fr) 2016-12-01 2017-11-30 Fluide de transfert thermique

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2018100057A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100122545A1 (en) * 2008-11-19 2010-05-20 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Tetrafluoropropene compositions and uses thereof
US20120096877A1 (en) * 2009-05-08 2012-04-26 Honeywell International Inc. Hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant compositions for heat pump water heaters
US20130096218A1 (en) * 2010-06-22 2013-04-18 Arkema Inc. Heat transfer compositions of hydrofluorocarbons and a hydrofluoroolefin
US20130193369A1 (en) * 2010-06-25 2013-08-01 Mexichem Amanco Holding C.V. de S.A. Heat transfer compositions
US20160244651A1 (en) * 2013-10-10 2016-08-25 The Chemours Company Fc, Llc Compositions comprising difluoromethane, pentafluoroethane, tetrafluoropropene, and tetrafluoroethane and uses thereof

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100122545A1 (en) * 2008-11-19 2010-05-20 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Tetrafluoropropene compositions and uses thereof
US20120096877A1 (en) * 2009-05-08 2012-04-26 Honeywell International Inc. Hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant compositions for heat pump water heaters
US20130096218A1 (en) * 2010-06-22 2013-04-18 Arkema Inc. Heat transfer compositions of hydrofluorocarbons and a hydrofluoroolefin
US20130193369A1 (en) * 2010-06-25 2013-08-01 Mexichem Amanco Holding C.V. de S.A. Heat transfer compositions
US20160244651A1 (en) * 2013-10-10 2016-08-25 The Chemours Company Fc, Llc Compositions comprising difluoromethane, pentafluoroethane, tetrafluoropropene, and tetrafluoroethane and uses thereof

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