WO2018199062A1 - フェライト系ステンレス熱延焼鈍鋼板およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
フェライト系ステンレス熱延焼鈍鋼板およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018199062A1 WO2018199062A1 PCT/JP2018/016545 JP2018016545W WO2018199062A1 WO 2018199062 A1 WO2018199062 A1 WO 2018199062A1 JP 2018016545 W JP2018016545 W JP 2018016545W WO 2018199062 A1 WO2018199062 A1 WO 2018199062A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
- B21B3/02—Rolling special iron alloys, e.g. stainless steel
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/007—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Co
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- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0263—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment following hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0273—Final recrystallisation annealing
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/004—Very low carbon steels, i.e. having a carbon content of less than 0,01%
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
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- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/52—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with cobalt
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/54—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a ferritic stainless hot-rolled annealed steel sheet excellent in workability suitable for application to a flange or the like and a method for producing the same.
- an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system in which exhaust gas generated from an automobile engine is used again as intake air for the engine is being applied. Exhaust gas generated from the engine is supplied to the engine again after passing through an EGR cooler for lowering the gas temperature.
- EGR exhaust gas recirculation
- each exhaust system component is fastened via a flange in order to prevent gas leakage.
- the flange applied to such an exhaust system part needs to have sufficient rigidity. For this reason, a thick flange (for example, a plate thickness of 5 mm or more) is applied to such an exhaust system component.
- Patent Document 1 in mass%, C: 0.015% or less, Si: 0.01 to 0.4%, Mn: 0.01 to 0.8%, P: 0.04% or less, S: 0.01% or less, Cr: 14.0 to less than 18.0%, Ni: 0.05 to 1%, Nb: 0.3 to 0.6%, Ti: 0.05% or less, N: 0.020% or less, Al: 0.10% or less, B: 0.0002 to 0.0020%, the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities, Nb, C and A ferritic stainless hot rolled steel sheet having a N content satisfying Nb / (C + N) ⁇ 16, a Charpy impact value at 0 ° C. of 10 J / cm 2 or more, and a plate thickness of 5.0 to 9.0 mm is disclosed. Has been.
- the present invention provides a ferritic stainless steel hot-rolled annealed steel sheet that can solve such problems, has sufficient corrosion resistance, and can suppress cracking when punching into a thick flange, and a method for producing the same. Objective.
- the critical stress intensity factor K of the steel sheet is required for processing into a thick flange having a burring portion without causing cracks. I found that it would be better to increase the IC . Specifically, by setting the critical stress intensity factor K IC to 35 MPa ⁇ m 1/2 or more, it is possible to effectively suppress the occurrence of cracks in the burring part when processing into a thick flange having a burring part. It has been found that it can be sufficiently put into practical use for a thick flange having a burring portion.
- the critical stress intensity factor K IC is improved by performing hot-rolled sheet annealing at an appropriate temperature on a hot-rolled steel sheet obtained by appropriately controlling the previous sheet thickness) ⁇ 100 [%]). I found out.
- This invention is made
- C 0.001 to 0.020%
- Si 0.05 to 1.00%
- Mn 0.05 to 1.00%
- P 0.04% or less
- S 0.01% or less
- Al 0.001 to 0.100%
- Cr 10.0 to 19.0%
- Ni 0.65 to 1.50%
- Ti 0.10 to 0.40%
- N Ferritic stainless steel hot-rolled containing 0.001 to 0.020%, the balance having a composition composed of Fe and inevitable impurities, and a critical stress intensity factor K IC of 35 MPa ⁇ m 1/2 or more Annealed steel sheet.
- the component composition is in mass%, and Cu: 0.01 to 1.00%, Mo: 0.01 to 2.00%, W: 0.01 to 0.20%, Co: 0
- the component composition is in mass%, and V: 0.01 to 0.20%, Nb: 0.01 to 0.10%, Zr: 0.01 to 0.20%, REM: 0
- V 0.01 to 0.20%
- Nb 0.01 to 0.10%
- Zr 0.01 to 0.20%
- REM 0
- B 0.0002 to 0.0025%
- Mg 0.0005 to 0.0030%
- Ca 0.0003 to 0.0030%
- the final three passes of finish rolling are performed at a temperature of 800 to 1100 ° C.
- the manufacturing method of the ferritic stainless steel hot-rolled annealing steel sheet which makes the cumulative rolling reduction
- the critical stress intensity factor K IC was obtained by taking a CT test piece compliant with ASTM E399 from the center of the plate width so that the fatigue precrack is in the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction and the stress axis is in the rolling parallel direction, and ASTM E399. It refers to the stress intensity factor obtained by testing according to the above.
- a ferritic stainless hot rolled annealed steel sheet having sufficient corrosion resistance and excellent toughness capable of suppressing cracking when punching into a thick flange is obtained.
- the critical stress intensity factor K IC obtained by taking the stress axis to be parallel to the rolling direction and testing in accordance with ASTM E399 is 35 MPa ⁇ m 1/2 or more.
- the ferritic stainless steel hot-rolled annealed steel sheet of the present invention is, in mass%, C: 0.001 to 0.020%, Si: 0.05 to 1.00%, Mn: 0.05 to 1.00%, P : 0.04% or less, S: 0.01% or less, Al: 0.001 to 0.100%, Cr: 10.0 to 19.0%, Ni: 0.65 to 1.50%, Ti: 0.10 to 0.40%, N: 0.001 to 0.020%, the balance is composed of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the critical stress intensity factor K IC is 35 MPa ⁇ m 1 / 2 or more.
- the critical stress intensity factor K IC was obtained by collecting CT specimens in accordance with ASTM E399 from the center of the plate width so that the fatigue precrack is in the direction perpendicular to the rolling and the stress axis is in the direction parallel to the rolling, and in accordance with ASTM E399. Refers to the stress intensity factor obtained by testing.
- the present inventors used various ferritic stainless steel plates with a thickness of 5.0 mm to cause cracks when forming 30 mm ⁇ flange hole portions into flanges having a burring portion that lifts 10 mm from the blank steel plate surface.
- the cause was examined in detail. As a result, it was found that in the above-described steel plate in which cracking occurred, the micro crack generated in the vicinity of the central portion of the punched end face significantly progressed in the burring process, so that cracking occurred.
- the present inventors examined in detail the relationship between the remarkable progress of the microcracks and the material properties. As a result, it was found that the development of microcracks tends to occur as the critical stress intensity factor of the steel sheet decreases. Therefore, as a result of attempts to form the flange using various ferritic stainless steel hot-rolled annealed steel plates (thickness 5.0 mm), cracks due to the development of microcracks are limited stress intensity factors obtained by a predetermined measurement method. Has been found to be particularly likely to occur in a steel sheet having a thickness of less than 35 MPa ⁇ m 1/2 .
- the present inventors have investigated in detail the cracked portion of the steel sheet in order to clarify the cause of the small critical stress intensity factor of the steel sheet that has cracked during forming on the flange. As a result, it was found that in the steel plate in which cracks occurred, the cracks generated in the vicinity of the center portion of the punched end face significantly progressed at the grain boundary in the vicinity of the center portion of the plate thickness.
- a crystal grain has a crystal orientation different from that of an adjacent crystal grain, and when a crack propagates on the grain boundary, a grain boundary having a different orientation functions as an obstacle to crack propagation.
- the crystal orientations of adjacent crystal grains are almost equal in the colony, the effect of suppressing crack propagation due to the grain boundary between the crystal grains in the colony becomes small. Thereby, in the steel plate in which the colony was formed, the critical stress intensity
- the present inventors diligently studied a method for improving the critical stress intensity factor in a ferritic stainless steel hot-rolled annealed steel sheet.
- Hot rolling is performed at a temperature of 600% to 1100 ° C. on the hot-rolled steel sheet obtained by hot rolling under a condition that the sheet thickness before starting rolling of the pass) ⁇ 100 [%]) is 25% or more.
- K IC critical stress intensity factor
- the thickness of the ferritic stainless steel hot-rolled annealed steel sheet of the present invention is not particularly limited, but it is desirable that the thickness be applicable to a thick flange.
- the plate thickness is preferably 5.0 mm or more. More preferably, it is 9.0 mm or more. About an upper limit, 15.0 mm or less is preferable. More preferably, it is 10.0 mm or less.
- Coarse and expanded colonies are distributed along the casting direction in the central portion of the thickness of the slab before hot rolling of the ferritic stainless steel.
- the steel plate deforms from the surface layer portion and extends. For this reason, when the rolling reduction is small, the amount of deformation in the central portion of the plate thickness is small, and almost no rolling strain is introduced into the central portion of the plate thickness.
- ferritic stainless steel hardly undergoes dynamic recrystallization in hot rolling, and tends to cause recovery of processing strain due to rolling. Therefore, in the hot rolling according to the conventional technique, excessive recovery of the working strain introduced by rolling occurs, and the working strain cannot be effectively maintained until after hot rolling. As a result, the recrystallization sites become insufficient, the colonies are not effectively destroyed in the subsequent hot-rolled sheet annealing, and the predetermined critical stress intensity factor K IC cannot be obtained.
- the present inventors diligently studied an effective method for reducing colonies remaining after hot-rolled sheet annealing from both the steel component and hot rolling methods.
- the steel components, particularly Cr and Ni contents are controlled within an appropriate range to generate a predetermined amount of austenite phase in the hot rolling process, and the final three passes of finish hot rolling in the hot rolling process. It was found that it was effective to perform rolling at a large cumulative reduction ratio while controlling in an appropriate temperature range.
- the Cr content is in the range of 10.0 to 19.0% and the Ni content is in the range of 0.65 to 1.50% so that an austenite phase is generated during heating before hot rolling.
- the temperature of the final three passes of finishing hot rolling consisting of 3 passes or more is 800 to 1100 ° C.
- Hot-rolled sheet annealing is a process of recrystallizing a processed structure formed by hot rolling. Therefore, it is necessary to perform annealing at a temperature at which sufficient recrystallization occurs.
- hot-rolled sheet annealing is performed at an excessively high temperature, recrystallization occurs but recrystallized grains become extremely coarse.
- this remarkably coarse recrystallized grain is an independent single crystal grain, the grain boundary length becomes remarkably long. For this reason, as in the case where the colonies existed, it was found that the effect of suppressing crack propagation due to grain boundaries having different orientations was reduced, and a predetermined limit stress intensity factor could not be obtained.
- the present inventors investigated in detail the relationship between the recrystallized grain size and the annealing temperature. As a result, it has been found that by suppressing the hot-rolled sheet annealing temperature to 1100 ° C. or less, the formation of coarse recrystallized grains is suppressed, thereby obtaining a good limit stress intensity factor.
- the C content is in the range of 0.001 to 0.020%.
- the lower limit is preferably 0.003% or more, more preferably 0.004% or more.
- About an upper limit Preferably it is 0.015% or less, More preferably, it is 0.012% or less.
- Si 0.05 to 1.00%
- Si has an effect of concentrating on an oxide film formed at the time of welding to improve the corrosion resistance of the welded portion, and is also an element useful as a deoxidizing element in the steel making process. These effects are obtained by containing 0.05% or more of Si, and the effect increases as the content increases. However, if Si is contained in excess of 1.00%, the rolling load increases in the hot rolling process and a significant scale is generated. In the annealing process, the pickling property decreases due to the formation of the Si concentrated layer on the steel sheet surface layer. Respectively, which causes an increase in surface defects and an increase in manufacturing cost. Therefore, the Si content is set to 0.05 to 1.00%.
- the lower limit is preferably 0.15% or more, more preferably 0.20% or more.
- the upper limit is preferably 0.60% or less, and more preferably 0.40% or less.
- Mn 0.05 to 1.00% Mn has the effect of increasing the strength of the steel and also acts as a deoxidizer. In order to obtain the effect, it is necessary to contain 0.05% or more of Mn. However, if the Mn content exceeds 1.00%, precipitation of MnS, which is a starting point of corrosion, is promoted, and the corrosion resistance is lowered. Therefore, the Mn content is set to 0.05 to 1.00%.
- the lower limit is preferably 0.10% or more, more preferably 0.20% or more.
- the upper limit is preferably 0.60% or less, and more preferably 0.40% or less.
- P 0.04% or less
- P is an element inevitably contained in steel. However, it is preferably reduced as much as possible because it is an element harmful to corrosion resistance and workability. In particular, when the P content exceeds 0.04%, workability is remarkably lowered due to solid solution strengthening. Therefore, the P content is 0.04% or less. Preferably, the P content is 0.03% or less. In order to reduce the P content excessively, an excessive production cost is required. Therefore, considering the production cost, the P content is preferably 0.01% or more.
- S 0.01% or less S is an element inevitably contained in steel like P. However, it is preferably reduced as much as possible because it is an element harmful to corrosion resistance and workability. In particular, when the S content exceeds 0.01%, the corrosion resistance significantly decreases. Therefore, the S content is 0.01% or less. Preferably, the S content is 0.008% or less. More preferably, the S content is 0.003% or less. In addition, since excessive manufacturing cost is required to reduce the S content excessively, the S content is preferably 0.001% or more in consideration of the manufacturing cost.
- Al 0.001 to 0.100%
- Al is an effective deoxidizer. Furthermore, since Al has a stronger affinity for nitrogen than Cr, when nitrogen penetrates into the weld zone, it has the effect of precipitating nitrogen by precipitating nitrogen as Al nitride instead of Cr nitride. These effects can be obtained by containing 0.001% or more of Al. However, it is not preferable to contain Al exceeding 0.100% because the penetration property during welding is lowered and the welding workability is lowered. Therefore, the Al content is in the range of 0.001 to 0.100%.
- the lower limit is preferably 0.010% or more, more preferably 0.020% or more.
- the upper limit is preferably 0.080% or less, more preferably 0.060% or less.
- Cr 10.0-19.0% Cr is the most important element for ensuring the corrosion resistance of stainless steel. If the content is less than 10.0%, sufficient corrosion resistance cannot be obtained in an automobile exhaust gas atmosphere. On the other hand, when Cr is contained exceeding 19.0%, even if a predetermined amount of Ni is contained, a predetermined amount of austenite phase is not generated during heating in the hot rolling process, so that a sufficient colony destruction effect is obtained. Therefore, a predetermined critical stress intensity factor cannot be obtained. Therefore, the Cr content is in the range of 10.0 to 19.0%.
- the lower limit is preferably 10.5% or more, more preferably 11.0% or more.
- the upper limit is preferably 16.5% or less, more preferably 12.5% or less, and further preferably 11.5% or less.
- Ni 0.65 to 1.50%
- Ni is an austenite generating element and has an effect of increasing the amount of austenite generated during heating before rolling in the hot rolling process.
- an austenite phase is generated during heating in the hot rolling process.
- the formation of the austenite phase destroys the ferrite phase colonies formed during casting.
- the metal structure becomes a two-phase structure of ferrite phase + austenite phase at the heating temperature before hot rolling.
- the hot phase rolling process is performed because the heterogeneous interface between the ferrite phase present before heating and the austenite phase generated during heating functions as an obstacle to grain growth.
- the previous metal structure becomes finer.
- the metal structure after hot rolling and after the hot-rolled sheet annealing in the next process is refined, and a further excellent toughness improving effect can be expressed.
- the metal structure may become an austenite single phase at the heating temperature before hot rolling, but the austenite phase may also be changed in the same manner as described above when the metal structure at the heating temperature becomes an austenite single phase structure.
- the austenite phase is less susceptible to grain coarsening in the slab heating temperature range before hot rolling, and the microstructure before hot rolling is higher than that of ferritic stainless steel based on the prior art.
- the toughness improving effect can be obtained by making the crystal grains finer. These effects can be obtained by containing Ni in an amount of 0.65% or more.
- the Ni content When the Ni content is 0.65% or more, a critical stress intensity factor of 35 MPa ⁇ m 1/2 or more can be obtained by these effects. On the other hand, if the Ni content exceeds 1.50%, the improvement effect of the limit stress intensity factor is saturated and the workability is lowered. Furthermore, stress corrosion cracking is likely to occur. Therefore, the Ni content is set to 0.65 to 1.50%.
- the lower limit is preferably 0.70% or more, more preferably 0.75% or more.
- the upper limit is preferably 1.00% or less, and more preferably the Ni content is 0.90% or less.
- Ti 0.10 to 0.40%
- Ti is an extremely important element. Ti preferentially binds to C and N, suppresses the precipitation of Cr carbonitride, lowers the recrystallization temperature, and suppresses the decrease in corrosion resistance due to sensitization due to the precipitation of Cr carbonitride. is there. In order to obtain these effects, it is necessary to contain 0.10% or more of Ti. However, if the Ti content exceeds 0.40%, the solid solution Ti amount increases excessively, so the recrystallization temperature rises conversely, and the technique of the present invention cannot be applied. In addition, if Ti content exceeds 0.40%, coarse Ti carbonitrides are produced in the casting process and cause surface defects, which is not preferable in production.
- the Ti content is set to 0.10 to 0.40%.
- the lower limit is preferably 0.15% or more, more preferably 0.20% or more. Even more preferably, it is 0.25% or more.
- the upper limit is preferably 0.35% or less, more preferably 0.30% or less. In view of corrosion resistance of the welded portion, it is preferable that the Ti content satisfy the formula: Ti / (C + N) ⁇ 8 (Ti, C, and N in the formula are the contents (mass%) of each element). .
- N 0.001 to 0.020%
- the workability and the corrosion resistance of the welded portion are significantly reduced. From the viewpoint of corrosion resistance, the lower the N content, the better.
- reducing the N content to less than 0.001% requires refining for a long time, which is not preferable because it causes an increase in manufacturing cost and a decrease in productivity. . Therefore, the N content is in the range of 0.001 to 0.020%.
- the lower limit is preferably 0.005% or more, more preferably 0.007% or more.
- the upper limit is preferably 0.015% or less, more preferably 0.012% or less.
- the present invention is a ferritic stainless steel characterized in that it contains the above-mentioned essential components and the balance consists of Fe and inevitable impurities. Furthermore, as required, one or more selected from Cu, Mo, W and Co, or / or one selected from V, Nb, Zr, REM, B, Mg and Ca. Or 2 or more types can be contained in the following range. In addition, when there is a lower limit in the following range, the effect of the present invention is not harmed even if it contains the following element below the lower limit. Inevitable impurities.
- Cu 0.01 to 1.00%
- Cu is an element particularly effective for improving the corrosion resistance of the base material and the welded part when an aqueous solution or weakly acidic water droplets adhere. This effect is obtained when the content is 0.01% or more, and the effect increases as the Cu content increases. However, when Cu is contained exceeding 1.00%, hot workability may be reduced and surface defects may be induced. In addition, descaling after annealing may be difficult. Therefore, when Cu is contained, the Cu content is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 1.00%.
- the lower limit is more preferably 0.10% or more, and further preferably 0.30% or more.
- the upper limit is more preferably 0.60% or less, and still more preferably 0.45% or less.
- Mo 0.01-2.00% Mo is an element that remarkably improves the corrosion resistance of stainless steel. This effect is obtained when the content is 0.01% or more, and the effect improves as the content increases. However, if the Mo content exceeds 2.00%, the rolling load at the time of hot rolling increases, and the manufacturability may decrease, or the steel sheet strength may increase excessively. Moreover, since Mo is an expensive element, a large content increases the manufacturing cost. Therefore, when Mo is contained, the Mo content is preferably 0.01 to 2.00%.
- the lower limit is more preferably 0.10% or more, and further preferably 0.30% or more.
- the upper limit is more preferably 1.40% or less, and still more preferably 0.90% or less.
- W 0.01-0.20% W, like Mo, has the effect of improving corrosion resistance. This effect is obtained by containing 0.01% or more of W. However, if it exceeds 0.20% and W is contained, the strength increases, and the productivity may decrease due to an increase in rolling load. Therefore, when W is contained, the W content is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 0.20%. More preferably, the lower limit is 0.05% or more. More preferably, the upper limit is 0.15% or less.
- Co 0.01-0.20%
- Co is an element that improves toughness. This effect is obtained by containing 0.01% or more of Co. On the other hand, if the Co content exceeds 0.20%, workability may be reduced. Therefore, when Co is contained, the Co content is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 0.20%.
- V 0.01-0.20%
- V forms carbonitride with C and N, suppresses the precipitation of Cr carbonitride, and improves the corrosion resistance of the weld. This effect is obtained when the V content is 0.01% or more.
- the V content is preferably 0.01 to 0.20%. More preferably, the lower limit is 0.02% or more. More preferably, the upper limit is 0.10% or less.
- Nb 0.01 to 0.10%
- Nb has the effect of improving the toughness of the steel sheet by refining crystal grains and dissolving in the matrix. These effects are obtained when the Nb content is 0.01% or more.
- Nb also has an effect of increasing the recrystallization temperature.
- the annealing temperature necessary for causing sufficient recrystallization by hot-rolled sheet annealing becomes excessively high.
- recrystallization grains become significantly coarser as the crystal grain size reaches 300 ⁇ m or more during annealing, making it impossible to obtain a predetermined critical stress intensity factor. Therefore, when Nb is contained, the Nb content is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 0.10%. More preferably, the lower limit is 0.02% or more. More preferably, the upper limit is 0.08% or less.
- Zr 0.01-0.20% V forms carbonitride with C and N, suppresses the precipitation of Cr carbonitride, and improves the corrosion resistance of the weld. This effect is obtained by containing 0.01% or more of Zr. On the other hand, if the Zr content exceeds 0.20%, the workability may be significantly reduced. Therefore, when Zr is contained, the Zr content is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 0.20%. More preferably, the lower limit is 0.03% or more. More preferably, the upper limit is 0.10% or less.
- REM 0.001 to 0.100% REM (Rare Earth Metals) has the effect of improving the oxidation resistance, suppresses the formation of an oxide film (weld temper collar) in the welded part, and suppresses the formation of a Cr-deficient region immediately below the oxide film, thereby providing a welded part. Improve the corrosion resistance. This effect is acquired by containing REM 0.001% or more. On the other hand, when it contains REM exceeding 0.100%, productivity, such as pickling at the time of cold rolling annealing, may be reduced. Therefore, when REM is contained, the REM content is preferably in the range of 0.001 to 0.100%. More preferably, the lower limit is 0.005% or more. More preferably, the upper limit is 0.050% or less.
- B 0.0002 to 0.0025%
- B is an element effective for improving secondary work embrittlement resistance after deep drawing. This effect is obtained by making the B content 0.0002% or more.
- the B content is preferably in the range of 0.0002 to 0.0025%. More preferably, the lower limit is 0.0003% or more. More preferably, the upper limit is 0.0006% or less.
- Mg 0.0005 to 0.0030%
- Mg is an element that improves the equiaxed crystal ratio of the slab and is effective in improving workability and toughness. Further, in the steel containing Ti as in the present invention, when Ti carbonitride becomes coarser, the toughness decreases, but Mg also has an effect of suppressing the coarsening of Ti carbonitride. These effects can be obtained by containing 0.0005% or more of Mg. On the other hand, if the Mg content exceeds 0.0030%, the surface properties of the steel may be deteriorated. Therefore, when Mg is contained, the Mg content is preferably in the range of 0.0005 to 0.0030%. More preferably, the lower limit is 0.0010% or more. More preferably, the upper limit is 0.0020% or more.
- Ca 0.0003 to 0.0030%
- Ca is an effective component for preventing nozzle clogging due to crystallization of Ti-based inclusions that are likely to occur during continuous casting. The effect is acquired by containing 0.0003% or more of Ca. However, if the Ca content exceeds 0.0030%, the corrosion resistance may decrease due to the formation of CaS. Therefore, when Ca is contained, the Ca content is preferably in the range of 0.0003 to 0.0030%.
- the lower limit is more preferably 0.0005% or more, and further preferably 0.0006% or more.
- the upper limit is more preferably 0.0015% or less, and still more preferably 0.0010% or less.
- the ferritic stainless steel hot-rolled annealed steel sheet of the present invention uses a steel slab having the above composition, and in hot rolling consisting of rough rolling and finishing rolling of three or more passes, the final three passes of finishing rolling are performed at a temperature of By carrying out the conditions at 800 to 1100 ° C. and a cumulative rolling reduction of the final three passes of 25% or more to obtain a hot-rolled steel sheet, and further subjecting the hot-rolled steel sheet to hot-rolled sheet annealing at 600 to 1100 ° C. can get.
- the molten steel having the above component composition is melted by a known method such as a converter, an electric furnace, a vacuum melting furnace or the like, and a steel material (slab) is obtained by a continuous casting method or an ingot-bundling method.
- the slab is heated at 1050 to 1250 ° C. for 1 to 24 hours, or directly subjected to hot rolling as it is cast without heating.
- hot rolling there is no particular limitation for rough rolling.
- the cast structure is effectively destroyed before finish hot rolling, it is superior to refinement of crystal grains in subsequent finish hot rolling.
- the sheet is rolled to a predetermined plate thickness by finish hot rolling, but the final three passes of finish rolling are performed in a temperature range of 800 to 1100 ° C., and the cumulative reduction ratio is 25% or more.
- Rolling temperature range for the final 3 passes 800-1100 ° C Cumulative rolling reduction of the final three passes: 25% or more Although the coarse cast structure is destroyed in the rough rolling before the finish rolling, the crystal grains of the structure are extremely coarse. In order to obtain a predetermined critical stress intensity factor after hot-rolled sheet annealing, it is possible to control the final three-pass rolling temperature and the cumulative reduction ratio, while suppressing the recovery of strain during rolling, particularly the sheet thickness. It is necessary to effectively apply rolling strain to the central portion.
- the rolling process is a process for reducing the thickness of the steel sheet by shearing the steel sheet.
- the amount of shear strain in rolling decreases from the surface layer toward the center of the plate thickness. Therefore, when the rolling reduction is small, a large rolling strain is applied in the vicinity of the steel sheet surface layer, while the amount of rolling strain applied to the central portion of the plate thickness is small.
- the rolling strain becomes a recrystallization site in the next process, hot-rolled sheet annealing.
- the rolling temperature of the final three passes is set in the range of 800 to 1100 ° C., and the cumulative of the final three passes.
- the cumulative reduction ratio of the final three passes is set to 25% or more.
- the cumulative rolling reduction is 30% or more. More preferably, the cumulative rolling reduction is 35% or more.
- the upper limit of the cumulative rolling reduction is not particularly limited, but if the cumulative rolling reduction is excessively increased, the rolling load increases and the productivity decreases, and surface roughness may occur after rolling. It is preferable to do.
- the rolling temperature of the final three passes is less than 800 ° C.
- the rolling load increases remarkably as the steel plate temperature decreases, which is not preferable for production. Further, rolling at a low temperature may cause the surface roughness of the steel sheet to deteriorate the surface quality.
- the rolling temperature of the final three passes exceeds 1100 ° C., recovery of strain imparted by rolling occurs, and the recrystallization sites after the hot-rolled sheet annealing in the next step are insufficient. It remains, and a predetermined critical stress intensity factor cannot be obtained. Therefore, the rolling temperature for the final three passes is in the range of 800 to 1100 ° C. About a minimum, Preferably it is 850 ° C or more. The upper limit is preferably 1050 ° C. or lower, more preferably 1000 ° C. or lower.
- the rolling temperature in the final three passes means the rolling end temperature, and the rest means the rolling start temperature.
- the rolling temperature range of the first pass of the final three passes is 950 to 1100 ° C., which is performed next to the first pass.
- the rolling temperature range of the second pass is preferably 925 to 1075 ° C.
- the rolling temperature range of the third pass performed after the second pass is preferably 875 to 1050 ° C.
- the method for producing a ferritic stainless steel hot-rolled annealed steel sheet according to the present invention is characterized in that a large reduction is applied after controlling the temperature range in the final three passes of finishing hot rolling consisting of three or more passes. If rolling with a large reduction is performed over the final four passes or more, even if the cumulative reduction rate is the same, the reduction rate will be distributed to each pass, so the strain applied to the center of the plate thickness will be insufficient, and each pass Since the accumulated conveyance time increases, recovery during conveyance between each pass is promoted, and the effect of imparting strain is reduced.
- the rolling temperature and the cumulative reduction ratio of the finish rolling are controlled to the final two passes or less, the rolling load is significantly increased and the productivity is lowered because the large reduction with the cumulative reduction ratio of 25% or more is performed in two passes. This is not preferable. Therefore, in the method for producing a ferritic stainless steel hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present invention, the rolling temperature and cumulative rolling reduction of the final three passes of finish rolling are controlled.
- the rolling temperature and the cumulative reduction ratio of the final three passes may be performed.
- the maximum number of passes is greater than 15 passes, the steel plate temperature is likely to decrease due to an increase in the number of contacts with the rolling roll, and heating from the outside is required to maintain the steel plate temperature within a predetermined temperature range.
- the maximum number of passes is preferably set to 15 or less because there may be a decrease in manufacturability or an increase in manufacturing cost. More preferably, the maximum number of paths is 10 paths or less.
- the steel sheet After finishing hot rolling, the steel sheet is cooled, and then the steel sheet is wound to form a hot-rolled steel strip.
- the coiling temperature is not particularly limited, but when the coiling temperature is more than 450 to less than 500 ° C., embrittlement due to 475 ° C. embrittlement may occur. Therefore, the winding temperature is preferably 450 ° C. or lower or 500 ° C. or higher.
- Hot-rolled sheet annealing temperature 600-1100 ° C
- hot-rolled sheet annealing is performed after the hot rolling step.
- the rolled structure formed in the hot rolling process is recrystallized.
- the rolling strain is effectively applied in the hot rolling process, and the recrystallization sites are increased, thereby promoting the destruction of colonies in the hot-rolled sheet annealing.
- the hot-rolled sheet annealing temperature is in the range of 600 to 1100 ° C.
- a lower limit Preferably it is 650 degreeC or more. More preferably, it is 700 ° C. or higher.
- About an upper limit Preferably it is 1050 degrees C or less, More preferably, it is 900 degrees C or less.
- maintenance time and method of hot-rolled sheet annealing You may implement by any of box annealing (batch annealing) and continuous annealing.
- the obtained hot-rolled annealed steel sheet may be descaled by shot blasting or pickling as necessary. Furthermore, in order to improve the surface properties, grinding or polishing may be performed. In addition, the hot-rolled annealed steel sheet provided by the present invention may be subsequently subjected to cold rolling and cold-rolled sheet annealing.
- a molten stainless steel having the chemical composition shown in Table 1 is melted by refining a converter with a capacity of 150 ton and strong stirring and vacuum oxygen decarburization (SS-VOD), and a steel slab having a width of 1000 mm and a thickness of 200 mm by continuous casting. did. No. Except for 36, the slab was heated at 1150 ° C. for 1 hr, and then hot-rolled by reverse rough rolling using a three-stage stand to obtain a steel plate having a thickness of about 40 mm, and then the final 3 of the final rolling consisting of 7 passes. Passes (5th pass, 6th pass, 7th pass) were performed under the conditions shown in Table 2 to obtain hot-rolled steel sheets. No. No.
- the obtained hot-rolled steel sheet was subjected to hot-rolled sheet annealing by box annealing under the conditions shown in Table 2 to obtain a hot-rolled annealed sheet. Note that the thickness at the end of the seventh pass is the thickness of the hot-rolled steel plate. The following evaluation was performed about the obtained hot-rolled annealing steel plate.
- Photograph the surface of the specimen to be evaluated after 5 cycles of the salt spray cycle test measure the rusting area of the specimen surface by image analysis, and determine the rusting rate (( The rusting area in the test piece / the total area of the test piece) ⁇ 100 [%]) was calculated.
- a rusting rate of 10% or less was evaluated as being particularly excellent with respect to corrosion resistance ()), more than 10% being 25% or less, passing (O), and more than 25% being rejecting (X).
- test results are shown in Table 2 together with hot rolling and hot rolled sheet annealing conditions.
- the steel components, hot rolling conditions and hot rolled sheet annealing conditions satisfy the scope of the present invention as shown in No. 2 in Table 2.
- a predetermined critical stress intensity factor was obtained as a result of the colony being effectively destroyed by predetermined hot rolling and hot-rolled sheet annealing.
- corrosion resistance of the obtained hot-rolled annealed plates it was confirmed that all had a rusting rate of 25% and sufficient corrosion resistance.
- No. No. 36 is an example in which the slab is heated at 1300 ° C. for 1 h and then subjected to hot rolling, and the rolling temperature range of the final three passes of finish hot rolling is all over 1100 ° C. No. 36, since the recovery of processing strain occurred during the final three-pass rolling and the introduction of recrystallization sites became insufficient, the colony destruction effect due to hot-rolled sheet annealing was insufficient, The critical stress intensity factor was not obtained.
- No. of the rolling temperature range for the final 3 passes is less than the range of the present invention for all 3 passes.
- the rolling load increased remarkably, and the rolling exceeded the allowable range when the final third pass was rolled, so the rolling could not be completed and the predetermined evaluation could not be performed.
- No. No. of hot-rolled sheet annealing temperature is below the range of the present invention. In 50, since recrystallization was insufficient, a sufficient colony destruction effect could not be obtained, and a predetermined critical stress intensity factor could not be obtained.
- the ferritic stainless steel hot-rolled annealed steel sheet obtained by the present invention is particularly suitable for applications requiring high workability and corrosion resistance, such as a flange having a burring portion.
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Abstract
Description
以下、特に断らない限り、成分の含有量の単位である「%」は「質量%」を意味する。
Cを0.020%超えて含有すると、加工性の低下および溶接部の耐食性低下が顕著になる。C含有量が少ないほど耐食性および加工性の観点では好ましいが、C含有量を0.001%未満にするためには精錬に時間がかかり製造上好ましくない。そのため、C含有量は0.001~0.020%の範囲とする。下限について好ましくは、C含有量は0.003%以上、より好ましくは0.004%以上である。上限について、好ましくは0.015%以下、さらに好ましくは0.012%以下である。
Siは溶接時に形成される酸化皮膜に濃縮して溶接部の耐食性を向上させる効果があるとともに、製鋼工程における脱酸元素としても有用な元素である。これらの効果は0.05%以上のSiの含有により得られ、含有量が多いほどその効果は大きくなる。しかし、1.00%を超えてSiを含有すると、熱間圧延工程における圧延荷重の増大と顕著なスケールの生成、焼鈍工程においては鋼板表層でのSi濃化層の形成による酸洗性の低下がそれぞれ生じ、表面欠陥の増加や製造コストの上昇を誘引するため好ましくない。そのため、Si含有量は0.05~1.00%とする。下限について好ましくは、0.15%以上、より好ましくは0.20%以上である。上限について好ましくは0.60%以下、さらに好ましくは0.40%以下である。
Mnは鋼の強度を高める効果があり、また、脱酸剤としての作用もある。その効果を得るためには0.05%以上のMnの含有が必要である。しかし、Mn含有量が1.00%を超えると、腐食の起点となるMnSの析出が促進され、耐食性が低下する。そのため、Mn含有量は0.05~1.00%とする。下限について好ましくは、0.10%以上、より好ましくは0.20%以上である。上限について好ましくは0.60%以下、さらに好ましくは0.40%以下である。
Pは鋼に不可避的に含まれる元素であるが、耐食性および加工性に対して有害な元素であるので可能な限り低減することが好ましい。特に、P含有量が0.04%を超えると固溶強化により加工性が顕著に低下する。よって、P含有量は0.04%以下とする。好ましくは、P含有量は0.03%以下である。なお、P含有量を過剰に低減するには、過大な製造コストを要するため、製造コストを考慮するとP含有量は0.01%以上が好ましい。
SもPと同様に鋼に不可避的に含まれる元素であるが、耐食性および加工性に対して有害な元素であるので可能な限り低減するのが好ましい。特に、S含有量が0.01%を超えると耐食性が顕著に低下する。よって、S含有量は0.01%以下とする。好ましくは、S含有量は0.008%以下である。より好ましくは、S含有量は0.003%以下である。なお、S含有量を過剰に低減するには、過大な製造コストを要するため、製造コストを考慮するとS含有量は0.001%以上が好ましい。
Alは有効な脱酸剤である。さらに、Alは窒素との親和力がCrよりも強いため、溶接部に窒素が侵入した場合に、窒素をCr窒化物ではなくAl窒化物として析出させて、鋭敏化を抑制する効果がある。これらの効果は、Alを0.001%以上含有することで得られる。しかし、0.100%を超えるAlを含有すると、溶接時の溶け込み性が低下して溶接作業性が低下するので好ましくない。そのため、Al含有量は0.001~0.100%の範囲とする。下限について好ましくは0.010%以上、より好ましくは0.020%以上である。上限について好ましくは、0.080%以下、さらに好ましくは0.060%以下である。
Crはステンレス鋼の耐食性を確保するために最も重要な元素である。その含有量が10.0%未満では、自動車排気ガス雰囲気において十分な耐食性が得られない。一方、19.0%を超えてCrを含有すると、所定量のNiを含有させたとしても、熱間圧延工程における加熱時に所定量のオーステナイト相が生成しないために十分なコロニー破壊効果が得られず、所定の限界応力拡大係数を得ることができない。そのため、Cr含有量は10.0~19.0%の範囲とする。下限について好ましくは10.5%以上、より好ましくは11.0%以上である。上限について好ましくは16.5%以下、より好ましくは12.5%以下、さらに好ましくは11.5%以下の範囲である。
Niはオーステナイト生成元素であり、熱間圧延工程における圧延加工前の加熱時に生成するオーステナイト量を増加させる効果がある。本発明においては、CrおよびNiの含有量を所定量に制御することによって、熱間圧延工程における加熱時にオーステナイト相が生成する。このオーステナイト相の生成によって、鋳造時に形成されたフェライト相のコロニーが破壊される。また、熱間圧延前の加熱温度において金属組織がフェライト相+オーステナイト相の二相組織となる。金属組織がフェライト相+オーステナイト相の二相組織となった場合、加熱前に存在するフェライト相と加熱時に生成したオーステナイト相との異相界面が結晶粒成長の障害として機能するため、熱間圧延加工前の金属組織が微細化する。その結果、熱間圧延後および次工程の熱延板焼鈍後の金属組織が微細化して、一層優れた靭性改善効果を発現させることが可能となる。なお、鋼成分によっては熱間圧延前の加熱温度において金属組織がオーステナイト単相となる場合があるが、加熱温度における金属組織がオーステナイト単相組織となった場合にも上記と同様にオーステナイト相の生成によるコロニー破壊効果が得られるとともに、オーステナイト相は熱間圧延前のスラブ加熱温度域では結晶粒の粗大化が生じにくいため、熱間圧延前の金属組織は従来技術に基づくフェライト系ステンレス鋼よりも微細になり、上記と同様に結晶粒の微細化による靭性改善効果が得られる。これらの効果は、Niを0.65%以上含有することで得られる。Ni含有量が0.65%以上の場合、これらの効果により35MPa・m1/2以上の限界応力拡大係数を得ることができる。一方、Ni含有量が1.50%を超えると、限界応力拡大係数の改善効果が飽和するとともに加工性が低下する。さらには、応力腐食割れが発生しやすくなる。そのため、Ni含有量は0.65~1.50%とする。下限について好ましくは、0.70%以上、より好ましくは0.75%以上である。上限について好ましくは1.00%以下、さらに好ましくはNi含有量は0.90%以下である。
本発明においてTiは極めて重要な元素である。TiはCおよびNと優先的に結合して、Cr炭窒化物の析出を抑制し、再結晶温度を低下させるとともにCr炭窒化物の析出による鋭敏化に起因した耐食性の低下を抑制する効果がある。これらの効果を得るためには0.10%以上のTiの含有が必要である。しかし、Ti含有量が0.40%を超えると固溶Ti量が過度に増加するために再結晶温度が逆に上昇してしまい、本発明の技術を適用することができない。また、0.40%超のTiの含有は、鋳造工程において粗大なTi炭窒化物が生成し、表面欠陥を引き起こすため製造上も好ましくない。そのため、Ti含有量は0.10~0.40%とする。下限について好ましくは0.15%以上、より好ましくは0.20%以上である。さらにより好ましくは0.25%以上である。上限について好ましくは0.35%以下、さらに好ましくは0.30%以下である。なお、溶接部耐食性の観点では式:Ti/(C+N)≧8(該式中のTi、CおよびNは各元素の含有量(質量%)である)を満たすTi含有量とすることが好ましい。
N含有量が0.020%を超えると、加工性の低下および溶接部の耐食性の低下が顕著になる。耐食性の観点からN含有量は低いほど好ましいが、N含有量を0.001%未満にまで低減するには長時間の精錬が必要となり、製造コストの上昇および生産性の低下を招くため好ましくない。よって、N含有量は0.001~0.020%の範囲とする。下限について好ましくは0.005%以上、より好ましくは0.007%以上である。上限について好ましくは0.015%以下、さらに好ましくは0.012%以下である。
Cuは水溶液中や弱酸性の水滴が付着した場合の母材および溶接部の耐食性を向上させるのに特に有効な元素である。この効果は0.01%以上の含有により得られ、その効果はCu含有量が多いほど高くなる。しかし、1.00%を超えてCuを含有すると、熱間加工性が低下して表面欠陥を誘引する場合がある。さらには焼鈍後の脱スケールが困難となる場合もある。そのため、Cuを含有する場合は、Cu含有量は0.01~1.00%の範囲とすることが好ましい。下限についてより好ましくは0.10%以上、さらに好ましくは0.30%以上である。上限についてより好ましくは0.60%以下、さらに好ましくは0.45%以下である。
Moはステンレス鋼の耐食性を顕著に向上させる元素である。この効果は0.01%以上の含有によって得られ、その効果は含有量が多いほど向上する。しかし、Mo含有量が2.00%を超えると、熱間圧延時の圧延負荷が大きくなり製造性が低下したり、鋼板強度の過度な上昇が生じたりする場合がある。また、Moは高価な元素であることから、多量の含有は製造コストを増大させる。そのため、Moを含有する場合は、Mo含有量は0.01~2.00%とすることが好ましい。下限についてより好ましくは0.10%以上、さらに好ましくは0.30%以上である。上限についてより好ましくは1.40%以下、さらに好ましくは0.90%以下である。
WはMoと同様に耐食性を向上させる効果がある。この効果は0.01%以上のWの含有により得られる。しかし、0.20%を超えてWを含有すると強度が上昇し、圧延荷重の増大等による製造性の低下を招く場合がある。そのため、Wを含有する場合は、W含有量は0.01~0.20%の範囲とすることが好ましい。下限についてより好ましくは0.05%以上である。上限についてより好ましくは0.15%以下である。
Coは靭性を向上させる元素である。この効果は0.01%以上のCoの含有によって得られる。一方、Co含有量が0.20%を超えると加工性が低下する場合がある。そのため、Coを含有する場合は、Co含有量は0.01~0.20%の範囲とすることが好ましい。
VはCおよびNと炭窒化物を形成し、Cr炭窒化物の析出を抑制して溶接部の耐食性を向上させる。この効果はV含有量が0.01%以上で得られる。一方、V含有量が0.20%を超えると加工性および靭性が顕著に低下する場合がある。そのため、V含有量は0.01~0.20%とすることが好ましい。下限についてより好ましくは0.02%以上である。上限についてより好ましくは0.10%以下である。
Nbは結晶粒を微細化させるとともに、母相中に固溶することにより鋼板の靭性を向上させる効果がある。これらの効果は0.01%以上のNbの含有で得られる。一方、Nbは再結晶温度を上昇させる効果もあり、Nb含有量が0.10%を超えると熱延板焼鈍にて十分な再結晶を生じさせるために必要な焼鈍温度が過度に高温となって、焼鈍中に結晶粒径が最大で300μm以上となるほどの再結晶粒の著しい粗大化が生じ、所定の限界応力拡大係数を得ることができなくなる場合がある。そのため、Nbを含有させる場合には、Nb含有量は0.01~0.10%の範囲とすることが好ましい。下限についてより好ましくは0.02%以上である。上限についてより好ましくは0.08%以下である。
VはCおよびNと炭窒化物を形成し、Cr炭窒化物の析出を抑制して溶接部の耐食性を向上させる。この効果は0.01%以上のZrの含有により得られる。一方、0.20%を超えてZrを含有すると加工性が顕著に低下する場合がある。そのため、Zrを含有する場合、Zr含有量は0.01~0.20%の範囲とすることが好ましい。下限についてより好ましくは0.03%以上である。上限についてより好ましくは0.10%以下である。
REM(Rare Earth Metals:希土類金属)は耐酸化性を向上させる効果があり、溶接部の酸化皮膜(溶接テンパーカラー)形成を抑制して酸化皮膜直下におけるCr欠乏領域の形成を抑制して溶接部の耐食性を向上させる。この効果は、REMを0.001%以上含有することで得られる。一方、0.100%を超えてREMを含有すると冷延焼鈍時の酸洗性などの製造性を低下させる場合がある。そのため、REMを含有する場合、REM含有量は0.001~0.100%の範囲とすることが好ましい。下限についてより好ましくは0.005%以上である。上限についてより好ましくは0.050%以下である。
Bは深絞り成形後の耐二次加工脆性を改善するために有効な元素である。この効果はBの含有量を0.0002%以上にすることで得られる。一方、0.0025%を超えてBを含有すると加工性と靭性が低下する場合がある。そのため、Bを含有する場合、B含有量は0.0002~0.0025%の範囲とすることが好ましい。下限についてより好ましくは0.0003%以上である。上限についてより好ましくは0.0006%以下である。
Mgはスラブの等軸晶率を向上させ、加工性や靭性の向上に有効な元素である。さらに、本発明のようにTiを含有する鋼においては、Ti炭窒化物が粗大化すると靭性が低下するが、MgはTi炭窒化物の粗大化を抑制する効果も有する。これらの効果は、0.0005%以上のMgを含有することで得られる。一方で、Mg含有量が0.0030%を超えると、鋼の表面性状を悪化させてしまう場合がある。したがって、Mgを含有する場合、Mg含有量は0.0005~0.0030%の範囲とすることが好ましい。下限についてより好ましくは0.0010%以上である。上限についてより好ましくは0.0020%以上である。
Caは、連続鋳造の際に発生しやすいTi系介在物の晶出によるノズルの閉塞を防止するのに有効な成分である。その効果は0.0003%以上のCaを含有することで得られる。しかし、0.0030%を超えてCaを含有すると、CaSの生成により耐食性が低下する場合がある。従って、Caを含有する場合、Ca含有量は0.0003~0.0030%の範囲とすることが好ましい。下限についてより好ましくは0.0005%以上、さらに好ましくは0.0006%以上である。上限についてより好ましくは0.0015%以下、さらに好ましくは0.0010%以下である。
最終3パスの累積圧下率:25%以上
仕上げ圧延前の粗圧延において粗大な鋳造組織は破壊されているが、当該組織の結晶粒は著しく粗大である。熱延板焼鈍後に所定の限界応力拡大係数を得るためには、最終3パスの圧延の温度および累積圧下率を適切に制御することによって、圧延中のひずみの回復を抑制しつつ、特に板厚中央部へ圧延ひずみを効果的に付与する必要がある。
本発明では上記熱間圧延工程終了後に熱延板焼鈍を行う。熱延板焼鈍において、熱間圧延工程で形成させた圧延加工組織を再結晶させる。本発明では熱間圧延工程において効果的に圧延ひずみを付与し、再結晶サイトを増加させることによって熱延板焼鈍におけるコロニーの破壊を促進させる。この効果を得るためには熱延板焼鈍を600~1100℃の範囲で行う必要がある。焼鈍温度が600℃未満では再結晶が不十分となり、所定の限界応力拡大係数を得ることができない。一方、焼鈍温度が1100℃を超えると、再結晶粒は、その結晶粒径が最大で300μm以上となるほどの著しい粗大化が生じ、所定の限界応力拡大係数を得ることができない。そのため、熱延板焼鈍温度は600~1100℃の範囲とする。下限について、好ましくは650℃以上である。より好ましくは700℃以上である。上限について、好ましくは1050℃以下、さらに好ましくは900℃以下である。なお、熱延板焼鈍の保持時間および手法に特に限定はなく、箱焼鈍(バッチ焼鈍)、連続焼鈍のいずれで実施してもかまわない。
板幅中央部から、ASTM E399に準拠したCT(compact tension)試験片を、疲労予き裂が圧延直角方向、応力軸が圧延平行方向となるように採取した。該試験片について、ASTM E399に準拠して限界応力拡大係数KICを求めた。限界応力拡大係数が35MPa・m1/2以上を合格、35MPa・m1/2未満を不合格とした。
熱延焼鈍鋼板から、60×100mmの試験片を採取し、評価すべき面の表面を#600エメリーペーパーにより研磨仕上げした後に端面部と裏面からの影響を排除するために、端面部および裏面をシールした試験片を作製し、JIS H 8502に規定された塩水噴霧サイクル試験に供した。塩水噴霧サイクル試験は、塩水噴霧(5質量%NaCl、35℃、噴霧2hr)→乾燥(60℃、4hr、相対湿度40%)→湿潤(50℃、2hr、相対湿度≧95%)を1サイクルとして、5サイクル行った。塩水噴霧サイクル試験を5サイクル実施後の評価すべき面の試験片表面を写真撮影し、画像解析により試験片表面の発錆面積を測定し、試験片全面積との比率から発錆率((試験片中の発錆面積/試験片全面積)×100 [%])を算出した。発錆率10%以下を特に優れた耐食性で合格(◎)、10%超25%以下を合格(○)、25%超を不合格(×)とした。
Claims (4)
- 質量%で、
C:0.001~0.020%、
Si:0.05~1.00%、
Mn:0.05~1.00%、
P:0.04%以下、
S:0.01%以下、
Al:0.001~0.100%、
Cr:10.0~19.0%、
Ni:0.65~1.50%、
Ti:0.10~0.40%、
N:0.001~0.020%を含有し、残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなる成分組成を有し、
限界応力拡大係数KICが35MPa・m1/2以上であるフェライト系ステンレス熱延焼鈍鋼板。 - 前記成分組成は、質量%で、さらに、
Cu:0.01~1.00%、
Mo:0.01~2.00%、
W:0.01~0.20%、
Co:0.01~0.20%のうちから選ばれる1種または2種以上を含有する請求項1に記載のフェライト系ステンレス熱延焼鈍鋼板。 - 前記成分組成は、質量%で、さらに、
V:0.01~0.20%、
Nb:0.01~0.10%、
Zr:0.01~0.20%、
REM:0.001~0.100%、
B:0.0002~0.0025%、
Mg:0.0005~0.0030%、
Ca:0.0003~0.0030%のうちから選ばれる1種または2種以上を含有する請求項1または2に記載のフェライト系ステンレス熱延焼鈍鋼板。 - 請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のフェライト系ステンレス熱延焼鈍鋼板の製造方法であって、
3パス以上の仕上圧延を行う熱間圧延工程と、該熱間圧延工程で得られた熱延鋼板を600~1100℃で熱延板焼鈍する熱延板焼鈍工程と、を有し、
前記熱間圧延工程において、仕上圧延の最終3パスを、温度を800~1100℃且つ前記最終3パスの累積圧下率を25%以上とするフェライト系ステンレス熱延焼鈍鋼板の製造方法。
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- 2018-04-24 EP EP18790531.0A patent/EP3587610B1/en active Active
- 2018-04-24 WO PCT/JP2018/016545 patent/WO2018199062A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2018-04-24 KR KR1020197030951A patent/KR20190131528A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2018-04-24 US US16/607,174 patent/US20200385835A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2018-04-24 JP JP2018540074A patent/JP6432720B1/ja active Active
- 2018-04-24 ES ES18790531T patent/ES2924685T3/es active Active
- 2018-04-24 CN CN201880027591.8A patent/CN110546294B/zh active Active
- 2018-04-26 TW TW107114282A patent/TWI685574B/zh active
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019087761A1 (ja) * | 2017-10-30 | 2019-05-09 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | フェライト系ステンレス鋼板およびその製造方法 |
| JP6536763B1 (ja) * | 2017-10-30 | 2019-07-03 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | フェライト系ステンレス鋼板およびその製造方法 |
| EP3666917A4 (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2020-08-05 | JFE Steel Corporation | FERRITE-BASED STAINLESS STEEL SHEET, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME |
| WO2020084987A1 (ja) * | 2018-10-25 | 2020-04-30 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | フェライト系ステンレス熱延焼鈍鋼板およびその製造方法 |
| JPWO2020084987A1 (ja) * | 2018-10-25 | 2021-02-15 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | フェライト系ステンレス熱延焼鈍鋼板およびその製造方法 |
| CN113166831A (zh) * | 2018-12-11 | 2021-07-23 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | 铁素体系不锈钢板及其制造方法 |
| EP3896178A4 (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2022-03-16 | JFE Steel Corporation | FERRITIC STAINLESS STEEL SHEET AND METHOD OF PRODUCTION THEREOF |
| CN113166831B (zh) * | 2018-12-11 | 2022-11-01 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | 铁素体系不锈钢板及其制造方法 |
| US12123070B2 (en) | 2018-12-11 | 2024-10-22 | Jfe Steel Corporation | Ferritic stainless steel sheet and method for producing same |
| TWI703220B (zh) * | 2020-01-06 | 2020-09-01 | 中國鋼鐵股份有限公司 | 汽車用鋼及其製造方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20190131528A (ko) | 2019-11-26 |
| US20200385835A1 (en) | 2020-12-10 |
| EP3587610B1 (en) | 2022-07-06 |
| TWI685574B (zh) | 2020-02-21 |
| EP3587610A4 (en) | 2020-03-04 |
| EP3587610A1 (en) | 2020-01-01 |
| ES2924685T3 (es) | 2022-10-10 |
| CN110546294B (zh) | 2022-03-22 |
| JP6432720B1 (ja) | 2018-12-05 |
| CN110546294A (zh) | 2019-12-06 |
| TW201843316A (zh) | 2018-12-16 |
| JPWO2018199062A1 (ja) | 2019-06-27 |
| MX2019012549A (es) | 2019-12-02 |
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