WO2018198517A1 - X線管及びx線発生装置 - Google Patents
X線管及びx線発生装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2018198517A1 WO2018198517A1 PCT/JP2018/006980 JP2018006980W WO2018198517A1 WO 2018198517 A1 WO2018198517 A1 WO 2018198517A1 JP 2018006980 W JP2018006980 W JP 2018006980W WO 2018198517 A1 WO2018198517 A1 WO 2018198517A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- target
- ray
- ray tube
- target support
- window
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J35/02—Details
- H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
- H01J35/08—Anodes; Anti cathodes
- H01J35/112—Non-rotating anodes
- H01J35/116—Transmissive anodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J35/02—Details
- H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
- H01J35/08—Anodes; Anti cathodes
- H01J35/10—Rotary anodes; Arrangements for rotating anodes; Cooling rotary anodes
- H01J35/101—Arrangements for rotating anodes, e.g. supporting means, means for greasing, means for sealing the axle or means for shielding or protecting the driving
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J35/02—Details
- H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
- H01J35/08—Anodes; Anti cathodes
- H01J35/12—Cooling non-rotary anodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J35/02—Details
- H01J35/16—Vessels; Containers; Shields associated therewith
- H01J35/18—Windows
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
- H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
- H05G1/02—Constructional details
- H05G1/025—Means for cooling the X-ray tube or the generator
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J2235/12—Cooling
- H01J2235/1225—Cooling characterised by method
- H01J2235/1291—Thermal conductivity
- H01J2235/1295—Contact between conducting bodies
Definitions
- One aspect of the present invention relates to an X-ray tube and an X-ray generator.
- thermoelectrons collide with a target formed on a target substrate inside a vacuum casing (anode base) to generate X-rays.
- the generated X-rays pass through the target substrate, and further pass through the X-ray emission window (window plate) attached to the vacuum casing to be irradiated onto the subject.
- an object of one aspect of the present invention is to provide an X-ray tube and an X-ray generator that can suppress damage to a target due to heat.
- An X-ray tube includes a vacuum housing having a vacuum internal space, a target that is disposed in the internal space and generates X-rays upon incidence of an electron beam, and is generated by the target.
- An X-ray that is provided so as to face the target support part including a target support part that transmits X-rays and the target support part, seals the opening of the vacuum casing, and transmits X-rays that have passed through the target support part And at least a part of the X-ray exit window is in contact with the target support portion.
- the heat of the target can be transferred to the X-ray exit window through the target support portion by heat conduction. Thereby, it becomes possible to improve the heat dissipation of a target and to suppress damage to the target by heat.
- the target support portion may be included in the X-ray emission window as viewed from the X-ray emission direction of the X-ray emission window. According to this configuration, it is possible to improve the efficiency of radiating the heat of the target through the X-ray emission window via the target support portion (hereinafter also simply referred to as “heat radiation efficiency”).
- a part of the X-ray exit window may be in contact with the target support part, and the other part of the X-ray exit window may be separated from the target support part.
- a part of the X-ray exit window is brought into contact with the target support portion to improve the heat dissipation of the target, and the other portion of the X-ray exit window is separated from the target support portion, thereby vacuuming the internal space. It can suppress that the influence of the stress resulting from holding
- a part of the X-ray exit window is a region facing the electron entrance region of the target in the target support portion, and the other part of the X-ray exit window is the X-ray exit window. It may be the peripheral part. According to this configuration, the X-ray exit window can be brought into contact with a region where the temperature is particularly likely to be increased, and the heat dissipation efficiency can be improved.
- the X-ray exit window may have a convex shape that protrudes toward the target support portion and contacts the target support portion. In this case, it is possible to reduce the configuration required for the target support portion in order to bring the X-ray exit window and the target support portion into contact with each other. The degree of freedom of the configuration of the target support portion can be increased.
- the target support portion may have a convex shape that protrudes toward the X-ray exit window and contacts the X-ray exit window.
- the X-ray exit window can be supported by the target support portion. Thereby, the thickness of the X-ray emission window can be reduced, and the X-ray emission efficiency of the X-ray emission window can be improved.
- the X-ray tube may include a target moving unit that moves the target unit along a direction intersecting the incident direction of the electron beam. Accordingly, by moving the target unit by the target moving unit, the target can be moved and the incident position of the electron beam on the target can be changed. It becomes possible to improve the life characteristics of the target.
- the X-ray tube may include an elastic member that presses the target portion in a direction approaching the X-ray exit window.
- the target can be brought closer to the X-ray exit window, and the FOD (Focus to Object Distance), which is the distance from the X-ray focal point to the subject, can be reduced.
- FOD Fluorescence to Object Distance
- An X-ray generator accommodates at least a part of the X-ray tube, the X-ray tube, and a housing in which insulating oil is sealed, and the X-ray tube via a power feeding unit.
- An electrically connected power supply unit An electrically connected power supply unit.
- an X-ray tube and an X-ray generator that can suppress damage to a target due to heat.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an X-ray generator according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the X-ray tube according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the X-ray emission side of the X-ray tube according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 4A is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view for explaining the movement of the target portion of FIG.
- FIG. 4B is another enlarged vertical sectional view for explaining the movement of the target portion of FIG.
- FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view showing the target portion of FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the lower surface side of the target moving plate of FIG.
- FIG. 7 is an enlarged vertical sectional view for explaining the movement of the target portion of the X-ray tube according to the modification.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an X-ray generator according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the X-ray tube according to the embodiment.
- the X-ray generator 100 is a microfocus X-ray source used for, for example, an X-ray nondestructive inspection for observing the internal structure of a subject.
- the X-ray generator 100 includes an X-ray tube 1, a casing C, and a power supply unit 80.
- the X-ray tube 1 generates X-rays X generated by the incidence of the electron beam B from the electron gun 110 on the target T and transmitted through the target T itself. This is a transmissive X-ray tube that exits from the exit window 30.
- the X-ray tube 1 is a vacuum-sealed X-ray tube that includes a vacuum housing 10 having a vacuum internal space R and does not require component replacement or the like.
- the vacuum casing 10 has a substantially cylindrical outer shape.
- the vacuum housing 10 includes a head portion 4 formed of a metal material (for example, stainless steel) and an insulating valve 2 formed of an insulating material (for example, glass).
- An X-ray exit window 30 is fixed to the head unit 4.
- the head unit 4 includes a main body unit 11 and an upper lid 12.
- An electron gun 110 is fixed to the insulating valve 2.
- the insulating valve 2 has a recess 116 formed so as to be folded back from the end side facing the X-ray emission window 30 toward the X-ray emission window 30 side. Further, the insulating valve 2 includes a stem portion 115 provided so as to seal the end portion of the concave portion 116 on the X-ray emission window 30 side.
- the stem portion 115 holds the electron gun 110 at a predetermined position in the internal space R via a stem pin S used for power feeding or the like.
- the concave portion 116 extends the creeping distance between the head portion 4 and the electron gun 110 to improve the withstand voltage characteristic, and the electron gun 110 is disposed close to the target T in the internal space R, thereby allowing the electron beam B Makes it easy to focus on the micro focus.
- the electron gun 110 includes a heater 111 formed of a filament that generates heat when energized, a cathode 112 that is heated by the heater 111 and serves as an electron emission source, and a first grid electrode 113 that controls the amount of electrons emitted from the cathode 112.
- a cylindrical second grid electrode 114 that focuses the electrons that have passed through the first grid electrode 113 toward the target T.
- the X-ray tube 1 is fixed to one end side of a cylinder member 70 described later.
- the X-ray tube 1 is provided with an exhaust pipe (not shown), and the inside is vacuum-sealed by being evacuated through the exhaust pipe.
- the casing C of the X-ray generator 100 includes a cylindrical member 70 and a power supply unit case 84 that houses the power supply unit 80.
- the cylindrical member 70 is made of metal.
- the cylindrical member 70 has a cylindrical shape having openings at both ends thereof.
- the insulation valve 2 of the X-ray tube 1 is inserted in the opening 70a of the one end side.
- the cylindrical member 70 accommodates at least a part of the X-ray tube 1.
- the mounting flange 3 of the X-ray tube 1 is brought into contact with one end surface of the cylindrical member 70 and is fixed with a screw or the like.
- the X-ray tube 1 seals the opening 70 a while being fixed at the opening 70 a of the cylindrical member 70.
- an insulating oil 71 which is a liquid electrical insulating material, is sealed.
- the power supply unit 80 has a function of supplying power to the X-ray tube 1.
- the power supply unit 80 includes an insulating block 81 made of epoxy resin and an internal substrate 82 including a high voltage generation circuit molded in the insulating block 81, and is accommodated in a power supply unit case 84 having a rectangular box shape. .
- the other end side (the side opposite to the one end side on the X-ray tube 1 side) of the cylindrical member 70 is fixed to the power supply unit 80.
- the opening 70 b on the other end side of the cylindrical member 70 is sealed, and the insulating oil 71 is hermetically sealed inside the cylindrical member 70.
- a high-voltage power supply unit 90 including a cylindrical socket electrically connected to the internal substrate 82 is disposed.
- the power supply unit 80 is electrically connected to the X-ray tube 1 via the high voltage power supply unit 90. More specifically, one end side, which is the X-ray tube 1 side, of the high-voltage power supply unit 90 is inserted into the recess 116 of the insulating valve 2 of the X-ray tube 1 and is electrically connected to the stem pin S protruding from the stem portion 115. ing.
- the other end, which is the power supply unit 80 side, of the high-voltage power supply unit 90 is fixed to the insulating block 81 in a state of being electrically connected to the internal substrate 82.
- the annular wall 83 coaxial with the X-ray tube 1 is separated from the X-ray tube 1 and the cylindrical member 70, and the connecting portion between the cylindrical member 70 and the power supply unit 80 is connected to the high-voltage power supply unit 90. Projecting to shield from.
- the target T (anode) is set to the ground potential, and a negative high voltage (for example, ⁇ 10 kV to ⁇ 500 kV) is supplied from the power supply unit 80 to the electron gun 110 via the high-voltage power supply unit 90. .
- a negative high voltage for example, ⁇ 10 kV to ⁇ 500 kV
- FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the X-ray emission side of the X-ray tube according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view for explaining the movement of the target portion.
- FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view showing the target portion.
- the X-ray tube 1 includes a vacuum casing 10, a target unit 20, an X-ray emission window 30, an elastic member 40, a moving mechanism (target moving unit) 50, Is provided.
- the direction side in which the X-ray tube 1 emits X-rays is simply referred to as “X-ray emission side” or “upper side”.
- the tube axis of the X-ray tube 1 is “axis TA”
- the incident direction axis of the electron beam B to the target T is “axis BA”
- the emission direction axis of the X-ray X is “axis XA”
- the electron beam B emitted from the electron gun 110 travels toward the target T in the internal space R so as to be coaxial with the axis TA, and enters the target T perpendicularly on the axis TA.
- Generate a line That is, since the axis TA, the axis BA, and the axis XA are all coaxial, they are collectively referred to as the axis AX.
- the head portion 4 is provided on the X-ray emission side of the vacuum casing 10 as a wall portion that defines the internal space R.
- the head part 4 includes a main body part 11 and an upper lid 12 formed of a metal material (for example, stainless steel).
- the head unit 4 corresponds to the anode of the X-ray tube 1 in terms of potential.
- the main body 11 has a cylindrical shape.
- the main body 11 corresponds to the anode of the X-ray tube 1 in terms of potential.
- the main body 11 has a substantially cylindrical shape coaxial with the axis AX, with openings at both ends.
- An upper lid 12 is fixed to the opening 11 a on one end side of the main body 11 on the X-ray emission side.
- the main body 11 communicates with the insulating valve 2 coaxial with the axis AX at the opening on the other end side on the electron gun 110 side (see FIG. 2).
- a concave portion serving as an accommodation space I for accommodating the moving mechanism 50 is formed.
- the radially inner side and upper side of the accommodation space I communicate with the internal space R through the communication hole 11b.
- a pin 51 (to be described later) of the moving mechanism 50 is inserted into the communication hole 11b.
- the upper lid 12 is provided so as to close the opening 11a on one end side on the X-ray emission side in the main body 11 while being electrically connected to the main body 11.
- the upper lid 12 has a disk shape coaxial with the axis AX.
- a concave portion 13 having a circular cross section concentric with the upper lid 12 is formed on the upper surface of the upper lid 12.
- An opening 14 having a circular cross section concentric with the upper lid 12 is formed on the bottom surface of the recess 13, and serves as an X-ray passage hole coaxial with the axis AX.
- the vacuum casing 10 further includes a support base (elastic member support portion) 15.
- the support base 15 has a disk shape arranged coaxially with the axis AX. In the internal space R, the support base 15 is disposed in parallel to the upper lid 12 at a predetermined interval so as to partition the space for arranging the target T (target unit 20) and the space for arranging the electron gun 110.
- the support base 15 is installed on the lower side of the target unit 20 (on the electron gun 110 side opposite to the X-ray emission window 30 side). On the support base 15, the target unit 20 is placed via an elastic member 40.
- the support base 15 supports the target unit 20 via the elastic member 40.
- the support base 15 is formed with an electron beam passage hole 16 that is coaxial with the axis AX, that is, a through hole having a circular cross section concentric with the support base 15 and through which the electron beam B directed to the target T passes.
- the arrangement space of the target T (target portion 20) and the arrangement space of the electron gun 110 are communicated with each other through at least the electron beam passage hole 16.
- the target unit 20 is disposed in the internal space R.
- the target unit 20 includes a target T, a target moving plate (target holding unit) 21, and a target support substrate (target support unit) 23.
- the target T generates X-rays when the electron beam B is incident.
- As the target T for example, tungsten is used.
- the target T is formed in a film shape at least on the lower surface of the target support substrate 23.
- the target moving plate 21 holds the target T and the target support substrate 23.
- the target moving plate 21 moves the target T along a moving direction A that is a predetermined direction that intersects the incident direction (irradiation direction) of the electron beam B.
- the moving direction A here is an incident direction of the electron beam B with respect to the target T, that is, one direction orthogonal to the axis BA (axis AX) and the radial direction of the vacuum casing 10.
- the target moving plate 21 has a disk shape having a central axis extending in a direction along the axis BA (axis AX). The target moving plate 21 is moved by the moving mechanism 50 so that the central axis moves in parallel along the moving direction A.
- the target moving plate 21 is made of a material having a thermal conductivity higher than a certain value, a thermal expansion coefficient close to the target support substrate 23, and less damage or foreign matter generation due to rubbing than the target support substrate 23.
- the target moving plate 21 is made of molybdenum.
- the target moving plate 21 is in contact with the inner wall surface of the upper lid 12 and is disposed in parallel with the upper lid 12.
- a circular convex portion 24 coaxial with the target moving plate 21 is formed on the upper surface of the target moving plate 21.
- the circular convex portion 24 enters the opening 14 of the upper lid 12 in a state where the target moving plate 21 and the upper lid 12 are in contact with each other.
- the circular convex part 24 has an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the opening part 14. More specifically, the circular convex portion 24 has an outer shape that can move a predetermined distance along the moving direction A in a space R ⁇ b> 2 described later formed by the opening 14.
- the circular convex portion 24 is formed with a through hole 25 having a circular cross section concentric with the target moving plate 21.
- the through hole 25 becomes an electron beam passage hole through which the electron beam B directed to the target T passes.
- the target moving plate 21 is a hole into which the pin 51 of the moving mechanism 50 is inserted and has a hole portion 27 formed on one side in the moving direction A.
- the target moving plate 21 is connected to the moving mechanism 50 through the hole 27.
- the target support substrate 23 supports the target T.
- the target support substrate 23 constitutes a first X-ray transmission window that transmits X-rays generated at the target T.
- the target support substrate 23 has a disk shape.
- the target support substrate 23 is made of a material having a high X-ray transmittance such as diamond or beryllium.
- the thickness of the target support substrate 23 is 50 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, and is 250 ⁇ m in this embodiment.
- the outer diameter of the target support substrate 23 may correspond to the outer diameter of the circular convex portion 24 of the target moving plate 21. Note that the outer diameter of the target support substrate 23 may be slightly larger or smaller than the outer diameter of the circular protrusion 24.
- the target support substrate 23 is provided on the circular convex portion 24 via an annular seal member 28 so as to close the through hole 25.
- the seal member 28 joins the target moving plate 21 and the target support substrate 23.
- the seal member 28 is made of, for example, aluminum.
- the target support substrate 23 and the seal member 28 are arranged coaxially with the target moving plate 21.
- a target T is formed in a film shape on the lower surface of the target support substrate 23.
- the target T is formed into a film by vapor deposition in a region including the lower surface of the target support substrate 23, the inner surface of the through hole 25 of the target moving plate 21, and the lower surface of the target moving plate 21.
- the film thickness of the target T is 0.5 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m and is 2 ⁇ m in this embodiment.
- the X-ray exit window 30 is provided on the upper lid 12 of the vacuum casing 10 so as to face the target support substrate 23.
- the X-ray exit window 30 is always in the same direction as the axis AX (that is, viewed from above, or viewed from the outside so as to face the X-ray exit window 30). It is set as the magnitude
- the X-ray exit window 30 constitutes a second X-ray transmission window that transmits X-rays that have passed through the target support substrate 23.
- the X-ray exit window 30 has a disk shape.
- the X-ray exit window 30 is made of a material having a high X-ray permeability such as beryllium or diamond.
- the X-ray exit window 30 is disposed coaxially with the axis AX on the bottom surface of the recess 13 of the upper lid 12.
- the X-ray exit window 30 seals the opening 14 of the vacuum casing 10. Specifically, the X-ray emission window 30 seals and holds the X-ray emission part facing the target unit 20 in the opening 14 in a vacuum.
- the thickness of the X-ray exit window 30 is 50 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m, and in this embodiment is 300 ⁇ m.
- the X-ray exit window 30 is larger than the target support substrate 23 and includes the target support substrate 23 when viewed from the X-ray exit direction. In other words, the target support substrate 23 is included in the X-ray emission window 30 when viewed from the X-ray emission direction of the X-ray emission window 30.
- a part of the X-ray exit window 30 is in contact with the target support substrate 23.
- the central portion of the X-ray emission window 30 is in contact with an X-ray emission window side surface 23 a that is a surface of the target support substrate 23 on the X-ray emission window 30 side.
- the electron incident region (X-ray generation) of the target T provided on the target side surface 23b which is the target T side surface of the target support substrate 23 on the surface of the X-ray emission window 30 on the inner space R side.
- the region facing the region TE is in contact with the X-ray exit window side surface 23 a of the target support substrate 23.
- the electron incident area TE is an area where the electron beam B is incident on the target T, and as a result, an X-ray X is also generated.
- the electron incident region TE is a region (region on the electron beam passage hole 16) facing the electron beam passage hole 16 of the support base 15.
- the contact area is 1% to 100% of the area of the X-ray exit window side surface 23a of the target support substrate 23, more specifically 20% to 50%. Further, it is effective that the contact region satisfies the above range in a substantially circular shape in the electron incident region TE of the target T of the target support substrate 23.
- the other part of the X-ray exit window 30 is separated from the target support substrate 23. Specifically, the peripheral edge portion of the X-ray exit window 30 is separated from the target support substrate 23.
- the X-ray exit window 30 has a convex shape that protrudes toward the target support substrate 23 and contacts the target support substrate 23. In other words, the X-ray exit window 30 has a shape such that its central portion is bent downward in an arc shape. Further, the X-ray exit window 30 may have a conical shape or a frustum shape protruding downward, and is in contact with the target support substrate 23 at least at the top.
- the elastic member 40 presses the target unit 20 in a direction approaching the X-ray exit window 30.
- a substantially conical coil spring coaxial with the target moving plate 21 is used as the elastic member 40.
- the elastic member 40 is made of metal.
- the elastic member 40 is formed of a nickel chromium alloy. The elastic member 40 presses the target unit 20 so that the target unit 20 contacts the lower surface of the upper lid 12 (the inner wall surface of the vacuum casing 10).
- the elastic member 40 is interposed between the target moving plate 21 and the support base 15. Specifically, the elastic member 40 is disposed between the target moving plate 21 and the support base 15 in a state where the substantially conical shape of the coil spring is compressed and deformed into a substantially conical shape with a gentler side slope. Has been.
- the elastic member 40 presses the lower surface of the target moving plate 21 toward the X-ray emission side based on the upper surface of the support base 15.
- the spring constant of the elastic member 40 that is a conical coil spring is 0.01 to 1 N / mm, and more specifically 0.05 to 0.5 N / mm.
- the moving mechanism 50 is a mechanism that moves the target portion 20 pressed by the elastic member 40 along the moving direction A.
- the moving mechanism 50 moves the target unit 20 using a screw.
- the moving mechanism 50 includes a pin 51, a crown 52, a screwing mechanism 53, and a bellows 54.
- the pin 51 is inserted into the hole 27 of the target moving plate 21 from the accommodation space I of the main body 11 through the communication hole 11 b of the main body 11.
- the pin 51 moves forward and backward (forward and backward) along the moving direction A.
- the communication hole 11 b is formed in a circular cross section having a diameter equal to or larger than the moving range of the pin 51.
- the crown 52 is a knob portion for operating the moving mechanism 50, and is disposed outside the accommodation space I.
- the screwing mechanism 53 is a mechanism for converting the rotation of the crown 52 into the straight movement of the pin 51.
- the bellows 54 is provided in the accommodation space I.
- the bellows 54 seals and holds the accommodation space I in a vacuum, and expands and contracts with the movement of the pin 51 while keeping the accommodation space I in a vacuum.
- the bellows 54 is made of metal, and gas emission from the bellows 54 is suppressed.
- At least one of the upper surface (region in contact with the upper lid 12) of the target moving plate 21 and the lower surface (region in contact with the target moving plate 21) of the upper lid 12 is more than the surface of the target support substrate 23.
- the rough surface portion has a rough surface roughness.
- at least one of the upper surface of the target moving plate 21 and the lower surface of the upper lid 12 is roughened.
- the surface roughness of at least one of the upper surface of the target moving plate 21 and the lower surface of the upper lid 12 is, for example, Rz25 to 0.025, and more specifically, Rz6.3 to 0.4.
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the lower surface side of the target moving plate.
- an annular groove portion (positioning portion) 29 concentric with the target moving plate 21 is formed on the lower surface of the target moving plate 21.
- the cross section along the axial direction of the annular groove 29 has a rectangular shape.
- the annular groove 29 accommodates at least a part of the elastic member 40 therein.
- the inner surface of the annular groove portion 29 includes a bottom surface 29a, a side surface 29b existing on the outer peripheral side, and a side surface 29c existing on the inner peripheral side.
- the side surface 29b and the side surface 29c face each other so as to sandwich the bottom surface 29a in the radial direction.
- the elastic member 40 is positioned in contact with at least one of the side surface 29b and the side surface 29c and in contact with at least one of the bottom surface 29a.
- the annular groove part 29 positions the position of the elastic member 40 with respect to the target moving plate 21.
- the elastic member 40 is positioned in contact with any of the bottom surface 29 a, the side surface 29 b, and the side surface 29 c and fitted in the annular groove portion 29.
- the upper surface of the support base 15 is a flat surface, and the elastic member 40 can slide in the movement direction A. With such a configuration, the elastic member 40 is slidably held with respect to the upper surface of the support table 15 while being accommodated in the annular groove 29 between the target unit 20 and the support table 15.
- the elastic member 40 is accommodated in the annular groove portion 29 when the target portion 20 moves, and slides on the upper surface of the support base 15 while being positioned in the annular groove portion 29 by contacting the surface constituting the annular groove portion 29. Moves and moves with the target unit 20.
- the target moving plate 21 has a pair of through holes 26 formed so as to sandwich the circular convex portion 24 around the circular convex portion 24.
- the pair of through holes 26 penetrate the target moving plate 21 in the thickness direction on each of one side and the other side in the moving direction A of the circular convex portion 24.
- the through hole 26 communicates from the inside of the space R2 defined between the target support substrate 23 and the X-ray emission window 30 in the internal space R to the outside of the space R2.
- the through hole 26 circulates the air in the space R2 to the outside of the space R2 when evacuating the vacuum housing 10.
- the X-ray tube 1 includes a guide unit 60 that guides the movement of the target unit 20 by the moving mechanism 50.
- the guide unit 60 is provided on the lower surface of the target moving plate 21 and surrounds the electron beam passage hole 16 so as to be concentric with the support table 15 on the upper surface of the support table 15 and the long recess 61 along the movement direction A.
- a convex portion 62 provided in a circular shape.
- the target portion 20 and the support base 15 are separated by the elastic force of the elastic member 40 so that the lower surface of the concave portion 61 and the upper surface of the convex portion 62 are spatially separated without contacting each other.
- the recess 61 has a predetermined length in the movement direction A.
- the recess 61 is formed concentrically with the target moving plate 21 in a state of surrounding the through hole 25 and the pair of through holes 26 inside the annular groove portion 29 of the target moving plate 21 in the radial direction. Further, the short axis length of the concave portion 61 (the length in the direction orthogonal to the moving direction A) is substantially equal to the diameter of the convex portion 62, and the long axis length of the concave portion 61 (predetermined length in the moving direction A) is the diameter of the convex portion 62. Bigger than.
- the concave portion 61 has a shape that is substantially equal to the shape projected from the locus (the region through which the convex portion 62 passes) when the convex portion 62 moves along the movement direction A by a predetermined distance.
- the convex part 62 is concentric with the support base 15 and protrudes upward. The front end side of the convex portion 62 enters the concave portion 61.
- the concave portion 61 and the target moving plate 21 are allowed to move within a predetermined length in the moving direction A in the direction orthogonal to the X-ray emission direction (the convex portion 62 is different from the concave portion 61). Do not interfere).
- the concave portion 61 and the target moving plate 21 (target portion 20) are restricted from moving in directions other than the moving direction A among the directions orthogonal to the X-ray emission direction (the convex portion 62 interferes with the concave portion 61). .
- the electron beam B is emitted from the electron gun 110 disposed in the internal space R, and the electron beam B is incident on the target T to generate the X-ray X.
- the generated X-ray X passes through the target support substrate 23, then passes through the X-ray emission window 30, is emitted outside the X-ray tube 1, and is irradiated onto the subject.
- the heat generated by the incidence of the electron beam B on the target T is conducted to the X-ray emission window 30 through the target support substrate 23 and spreads to the peripheral portion of the upper lid 12 and the like in the X-ray emission window 30. Is efficiently dissipated.
- the pin 51 moves along the moving direction A by the screwing action of the screwing mechanism 53 by turning the crown 52 of the moving mechanism 50.
- the target moving plate 21 is pressed upward by the elastic member 40 so that the target moving plate 21 slides on the inner wall surface of the upper lid 12. Is moved along the moving direction A.
- the target T is moved along the moving direction A, and the incident site where the electron beam B is incident on the target T moves (changes) along the moving direction A.
- the intersection of the target T with the axis BA (axis AX) moves (changes) along the moving direction A of the target T.
- the X-ray tube 1 and the X-ray generator 100 As described above, in the X-ray tube 1 and the X-ray generator 100 according to the present embodiment, at least a part of the X-ray emission window 30 is in contact with the target support substrate 23. Thereby, the heat of the target T in the target part 20 accommodated in the vacuum with poor thermal conductivity can be transmitted to the X-ray emission window 30 through the target support substrate 23 by thermal conduction. As a result, the heat dissipation of the target T can be improved and damage to the target T due to heat can be suppressed. The life characteristics of the target T can be improved.
- the target support substrate 23 is included in the X-ray exit window 30.
- the heat capacity of the X-ray exit window 30 is large, heat can be effectively transferred from the target support substrate 23 to the X-ray exit window 30.
- the heat radiation efficiency can be improved as compared with the case where the X-ray exit window 30 is included in the target support substrate 23.
- a part of the X-ray exit window 30 is in contact with the target support substrate 23 and the other part of the X-ray exit window 30 is separated from the target support substrate 23.
- a part of the X-ray exit window 30 is brought into contact with the target support substrate 23 to improve the heat dissipation of the target T, and the other part of the X-ray exit window 30 is separated from the target support substrate 23. Further, it is possible to suppress the influence of the stress due to the vacuum holding of the internal space R from reaching the target support substrate 23. Further, when the X-ray exit window 30 and the target support substrate 23 are in full contact, when the target unit 20 is moved along the movement direction A, the possibility of damage due to rubbing of both members increases. Since both of the members are in contact with each other and the other parts are separated from each other, both heat dissipation and mobility can be achieved.
- a part of the X-ray emission window 30 that contacts the target support substrate 23 is a region facing the electron incident region TE of the target T on the target support substrate 23.
- the other part of the X-ray exit window 30 that is separated from the target support substrate 23 is the peripheral edge of the X-ray exit window 30.
- the central portion of the X-ray exit window 30 is in contact and the peripheral portion is separated, so that the stress applied to the X-ray exit window 30 is biased. Even if it moves in any direction, it can be moved with a uniform force while reducing.
- the X-ray exit window 30 has a convex shape that protrudes toward the target support substrate 23 and contacts the target support substrate 23.
- the configuration required for the target support substrate 23 to bring the X-ray emission window 30 and the target support substrate 23 into contact with each other can be reduced, and the degree of freedom in the configuration of the target support substrate 23 can be increased. Therefore, the target support substrate 23 can be easily brought into contact with the X-ray emission window 30 in a state where priority is given to a configuration effective for generating X-rays.
- the present embodiment includes a moving mechanism 50 that moves the target unit 20 along the moving direction A. Thereby, by moving the target unit 20 by the moving mechanism 50, the target T can be moved and the incident location of the electron beam B on the target T can be changed. The life characteristics of the target T can be improved.
- This embodiment includes an elastic member 40 that presses the target unit 20 in a direction approaching the X-ray exit window 30.
- the target T can be brought closer to the X-ray emission window 30, and the FOD (Focus to Object Distance) that is the distance from the X-ray focal point to the subject can be reduced.
- the target unit 20 includes the target moving plate 21 and the elastic member 40 presses the target moving plate 21, the physical stress resulting from the movement of the target unit 20 and the pressing of the elastic member 40 causes the target T and the target support.
- Direct application to the substrate 23 can be suppressed.
- Stable X-rays can be obtained by suppressing adverse effects of physical stress on the target T and the target support substrate 23 that have a large influence on the generation of X-rays.
- the elastic member 40 is made of metal, gas release from the elastic member 40 can be suppressed, and stable X-rays can be obtained. Further, when the X-ray tube 1 is evacuated, the X-ray tube 1 may be heated and evacuated in order to increase the degree of vacuum. It becomes possible to suppress alteration or change in elasticity. Since the annular groove portion 29 is provided as a positioning portion for positioning the elastic member 40 on the lower surface of the target moving plate 21 of the target portion 20, the elastic member 40 is positioned and the position of the elastic member 40 is kept constant ( It is possible to suppress the change in the FOD.
- the elastic member 40 Since the elastic member 40 is slidably held with respect to the upper surface of the support base 15 while being accommodated in the annular groove part 29 between the target part 20 and the support base 15, the movement of the target part 20 is performed. At this time, since the elastic member 40 slides on the support base 15 while the elastic member 40 is reliably positioned in the annular groove portion 29, it is possible to suppress the pressing direction of the elastic member 40 from being changed due to the movement of the target portion 20.
- the positional relationship between the target unit 20 and the X-ray exit window 30 can be kept constant. When the target unit 20 moves, the elastic member 40 can move along with the target unit 20 and the positional relationship between the elastic member 40 and the target unit 20 can be kept constant. It can suppress that the applied pressing force is biased or the distribution thereof is changed.
- the target unit 20 can be prevented from moving in an unintended direction. Since it can suppress that the target part 20 moves to a random direction, the electron incident position in the target T can be grasped
- the guide unit 60 can be realized with a simple configuration.
- the elastic member 40 presses the target unit 20 so that the target unit 20 contacts the lower surface of the upper lid 12, the target unit 20 is positioned on the lower surface of the upper lid 12, and the position of the target unit 20 is kept constant (stable It is possible to suppress changes in FOD. Moreover, since it becomes easy to transfer the heat of the target part 20 to the upper cover 12, the heat dissipation of the target T can be improved.
- the target moving plate 21 and the lower surface of the upper lid 12 is a rough surface portion whose surface roughness is rougher than the surface of the target support substrate 23, It is possible to reduce the contact area between the two and reduce the resistance when the target unit 20 moves.
- the contact portion between the target moving plate 21 and the upper lid 12, that is, the upper surface of the target moving plate 21 and the lower surface of the upper lid 12 are formed of different materials. It is hoped that In this regard, in the present embodiment, the target moving plate 21 is made of molybdenum, and the upper lid 12 is made of stainless steel.
- the through hole 26 communicating with the inside and outside of the space R ⁇ b> 2 is formed in the target unit 20, evacuation using the through hole 26 can be performed efficiently. If a gas such as air remains in the space R2 that is a space near the target T that is heated by the incidence of the electron beam B, a member near the space R2 (for example, the target support substrate 23 or the X-ray emission window 30). ) Reacts with gas and tends to deteriorate. For this reason, it is possible to suppress the residual gas and efficiently prevent the member from deteriorating by efficiently performing the vacuum exhaust of the space R2.
- the X-ray tube 1 employs a vacuum-sealed X-ray tube, and can suppress the complexity of maintenance. Since the elastic member 40 and the bellows 54 are made of metal, it is possible to suppress the degree of vacuum in the X-ray tube 1 from being lowered due to outgassing compared to the case of being made of resin, and the temperature Increases resistance and adapts to the tube baking process.
- the target support substrate 23 may have a convex shape (for example, a cone shape or a frustum shape) that protrudes toward the X-ray emission window 30 and contacts the X-ray emission window 30.
- the X-ray emission window 30 can be supported by the target support substrate 23. Thereby, the thickness of the X-ray emission window 30 can be reduced, and the X-ray emission efficiency of the X-ray emission window 30 can be improved.
- the portion of the X-ray exit window 30 that contacts the target support substrate 23 is not particularly limited, and may not be the central portion of the X-ray exit window 30. Any part of the X-ray exit window 30 may be in contact with the target support substrate 23. It is sufficient that at least a part of the X-ray exit window 30 is in contact with the target support substrate 23.
- the electron incident region TE can be regarded as a region corresponding to the through hole 25 of the target moving plate 21.
- the part in contact with the target support substrate 23 in the X-ray emission window 30 only needs to include at least part of the region facing the electron incident region TE in the target support substrate 23.
- a metal substantially conical coil spring is used as the elastic member 40, but the number, material, structure, type, and the like of the elastic member 40 are not limited. If the target unit 20 can be pressed in a direction approaching the X-ray exit window 30, various members can be used.
- the elastic member 40 a plurality of coil springs or a leaf spring may be used.
- the elastic member 40 may be fixed to the main body 11 or the upper lid 12 instead of providing the support base 15 that is an elastic member support as in the above embodiment.
- the target unit 20 moves along the moving direction A, but the direction in which the target unit 20 moves is not limited, and may be a direction that intersects the incident direction of the electron beam B (vertical direction in FIG. 2). That's fine. Further, the movement of the target unit 20 is not limited to a linear movement, and may be a rotational movement as shown in FIG. 7, for example.
- the circular convex portion 62 is provided eccentrically with respect to the axis AX.
- the electron beam passage hole 16 of the support base 15 is provided coaxially with the axis AX.
- the target unit 20 is provided such that the target unit 20 itself is eccentric from the axis AX.
- the concave portion 61 of the target moving plate 21 of the target portion 20 is provided concentrically with the target portion 20 and has a circular shape having an inner diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the convex portion 62.
- the target portion 20 is provided eccentrically with respect to the axis AX, and the axis RA that is the central axis of the convex portion 62 and the rotational axis eccentric with respect to the axis AX is provided. Rotational movement is possible at the center.
- the target unit 20 is rotated by a moving mechanism (not shown) (for example, a mechanism that rotates the target unit 20 using magnetic force or rotates by providing a gear), so that the target unit 20 receives the electron beam B. It moves along a direction that intersects the direction (rotation direction around the axis RA). Furthermore, the movement of the target unit 20 is not limited to linear movement or rotational movement, but may be movement that combines linear movement and rotational movement.
- the axis TA, the axis XA, and the axis BA are all coaxial, but they may be different axes.
- the moving mechanism 50 that moves the target unit 20 using a screw is used, but the moving mechanism 50 is not particularly limited. Various mechanisms can be used as long as the mechanism can move the target portion 20 pressed by the elastic member 40 along the moving direction A.
- the moving mechanism 50 may be a mechanism that manually moves the target unit 20 or may be a mechanism that electrically moves the target unit 20 automatically.
- the guide portion 60 is configured by the concave portion 61 and the convex portion 62, but the guide portion 60 is not particularly limited as long as it can guide the movement of the target portion 20 by the moving mechanism 50.
- the annular groove 29 as the positioning portion of the elastic member 40 is provided on the target moving plate 21.
- a positioning portion may be provided on the support base 15.
- the elastic member 40 may be slidably held with respect to the target moving plate 21 instead of or in addition to being slidably held with respect to the upper surface of the support base 15.
- the positioning portion of the elastic member 40 does not fix the elastic member 40 but may limit (restrict) the movement of the elastic member 40 within a predetermined range. In that case, when the target unit 20 moves, the elastic member 40 may slide within a predetermined range in the positioning unit.
- At least one of the upper surface of the target moving plate 21 and the lower surface of the upper lid 12 is a rough surface portion, but the present invention is not limited to this. Only a part of the upper surface of the target moving plate 21 may be a rough surface part, or only a part of the lower surface of the upper lid 12 may be a rough surface part. Or it is good also as a combination of at least 1 of these.
- the upper surface of the target moving plate 21 and the lower surface of the upper lid 12 are not particularly subjected to surface treatment, but at least one of the upper surface of the target moving plate 21 and the lower surface of the upper lid 12 is coupled to the other side.
- a surface treatment such as an oxidation treatment or a nitriding treatment
- no coating is formed on the upper surface of the target moving plate 21 and the lower surface of the upper lid 12, but the frictional force is reduced on at least one of the upper surface of the target moving plate 21 and the lower surface of the upper lid 12.
- a film for example, a metal film softer than the upper surface of the target moving plate 21 or the lower surface of the upper lid 12 may be formed.
- the upper surface of the target moving plate 21 and the lower surface of the upper lid 12 are brought into contact with each other, but a target or a spherical member is interposed between the upper surface of the target moving plate 21 and the lower surface of the upper lid 12.
- the resistance during the movement of 20 may be reduced.
- a space is formed between the support base 15 and the X-ray emission window 30, but the space between the support base 15 and the X-ray emission window 30 is filled with a member having good thermal conductivity. May be. Thereby, the heat of the target unit 20 can be easily transferred to the X-ray exit window 30, and the heat dissipation of the target unit 20 is improved. At that time, the member does not have to be filled on the path of the electron beam B or the X-ray X so that the incident of the electron beam B or the emission of the X-ray X is not affected.
- contact includes direct contact (that is, directly without passing through another member).
- Contact includes contact with heat (contact so as to allow heat conduction). Note that “contact” may include indirect contact (that is, via another member).
- SYMBOLS 1 ... X-ray tube, 10 ... Vacuum housing, 14 ... Opening part, 20 ... Target part, 23 ... Target support substrate (target support part), 30 ... X-ray emission window, 40 ... Elastic member, 50 ... Moving mechanism ( Target moving part), 70 ... cylindrical member, 71 ... insulating oil, 80 ... power source part, B ... electron beam, R ... internal space, T ... target, TE ... electron incident area.
Landscapes
- X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (9)
- 真空の内部空間を有する真空筐体と、
前記内部空間に配置され、電子ビームの入射によりX線を発生するターゲットと前記ターゲットを支持し且つ前記ターゲットで発生した前記X線を透過させるターゲット支持部とを含むターゲット部と、
前記ターゲット支持部と対向するように設けられ、前記真空筐体の開口部を封止し、前記ターゲット支持部を透過した前記X線を透過させるX線出射窓と、を備え、
前記X線出射窓の少なくとも一部は、前記ターゲット支持部と接触している、X線管。 - 前記X線出射窓のX線出射方向から見て、前記ターゲット支持部は、前記X線出射窓に含まれる、請求項1に記載のX線管。
- 前記X線出射窓の一部は、前記ターゲット支持部と接触し、
前記X線出射窓の他部は、前記ターゲット支持部と離間する、請求項1又は2に記載のX線管。 - 前記X線出射窓の一部は、前記ターゲット支持部における前記ターゲットの電子入射領域と対向する領域であり、
前記X線出射窓の他部は、前記X線出射窓の周縁部である、請求項3に記載のX線管。 - 前記X線出射窓は、前記ターゲット支持部側に突出して前記ターゲット支持部と接触する凸形状を有する、請求項3又は4に記載のX線管。
- 前記ターゲット支持部は、前記X線出射窓側に突出して前記X線出射窓と接触する凸形状を有する、請求項3~5の何れか一項に記載のX線管。
- 前記ターゲット部を前記電子ビームの入射方向と交差する方向に沿って移動させるターゲット移動部を備える、請求項1~6の何れか一項に記載のX線管。
- 前記ターゲット部を前記X線出射窓に近づく方向に押圧する弾性部材を備える、請求項1~7の何れか一項に記載のX線管。
- 請求項1~8の何れか一項に記載のX線管と、
前記X線管の少なくとも一部を収容すると共に、絶縁油が封入された筐体と、
前記X線管に給電部を介して電気的に接続された電源部と、を備えるX線発生装置。
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201880027525.0A CN110582831B (zh) | 2017-04-28 | 2018-02-26 | X射线管和x射线产生装置 |
| KR1020197019773A KR102470380B1 (ko) | 2017-04-28 | 2018-02-26 | X선관 및 x선 발생 장치 |
| EP18791431.2A EP3618093A4 (en) | 2017-04-28 | 2018-02-26 | X-RAY TUBE AND X-RAY GENERATION DEVICE |
| US16/494,799 US11004646B2 (en) | 2017-04-28 | 2018-02-26 | X-ray tube and X-ray generation device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2017-090044 | 2017-04-28 | ||
| JP2017090044A JP6867224B2 (ja) | 2017-04-28 | 2017-04-28 | X線管及びx線発生装置 |
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| WO2018198517A1 true WO2018198517A1 (ja) | 2018-11-01 |
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| PCT/JP2018/006980 Ceased WO2018198517A1 (ja) | 2017-04-28 | 2018-02-26 | X線管及びx線発生装置 |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US11004646B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP3618093A4 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP6867224B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR102470380B1 (ja) |
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| WO2019198339A1 (ja) * | 2018-04-12 | 2019-10-17 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | X線発生装置 |
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| US10734187B2 (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2020-08-04 | Uih-Rt Us Llc | Target assembly, apparatus incorporating same, and method for manufacturing same |
| WO2020213039A1 (ja) * | 2019-04-15 | 2020-10-22 | キヤノンアネルバ株式会社 | X線発生装置およびx線撮影装置 |
| JP6792676B1 (ja) | 2019-07-24 | 2020-11-25 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | X線管 |
| JP6802890B1 (ja) * | 2019-08-09 | 2020-12-23 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | X線発生装置 |
| EP4123680A1 (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2023-01-25 | Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. | X-ray generation device |
| JP7573413B2 (ja) * | 2020-10-30 | 2024-10-25 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | エネルギー線管 |
| JP7549538B2 (ja) * | 2021-01-22 | 2024-09-11 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | X線モジュール |
| CN113225886B (zh) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-11-23 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | 一种用于高能微焦点x射线的水冷旋转式辐射转换靶 |
| KR102384833B1 (ko) | 2021-09-16 | 2022-04-08 | 주식회사 이레이 | 시료에 대한 열 전달을 방지하는 타겟부를 가진 x선 발생 장치 및 그 제조 방법 |
| CN118661094A (zh) * | 2022-01-31 | 2024-09-17 | 佳能安内华股份有限公司 | 检查装置以及检查方法 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019198339A1 (ja) * | 2018-04-12 | 2019-10-17 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | X線発生装置 |
| GB2587103A (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2021-03-17 | Hamamatsu Photonics Kk | X-ray generator |
| US11147148B2 (en) | 2018-04-12 | 2021-10-12 | Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. | X-ray generator |
| GB2587103B (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2022-04-13 | Hamamatsu Photonics Kk | X-ray generator |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR102470380B1 (ko) | 2022-11-24 |
| JP2018190526A (ja) | 2018-11-29 |
| KR20200002784A (ko) | 2020-01-08 |
| CN110582831A (zh) | 2019-12-17 |
| US20200098539A1 (en) | 2020-03-26 |
| JP6867224B2 (ja) | 2021-04-28 |
| EP3618093A4 (en) | 2021-01-06 |
| EP3618093A1 (en) | 2020-03-04 |
| US11004646B2 (en) | 2021-05-11 |
| CN110582831B (zh) | 2022-03-04 |
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