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WO2018198042A1 - Procédé et dispositif de récupération de métal - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de récupération de métal Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018198042A1
WO2018198042A1 PCT/IB2018/052870 IB2018052870W WO2018198042A1 WO 2018198042 A1 WO2018198042 A1 WO 2018198042A1 IB 2018052870 W IB2018052870 W IB 2018052870W WO 2018198042 A1 WO2018198042 A1 WO 2018198042A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
dross
slag
blade
process according
rotor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IB2018/052870
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Glass
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ultromex Ltd
Original Assignee
Ultromex Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ultromex Ltd filed Critical Ultromex Ltd
Priority to GB1916971.3A priority Critical patent/GB2577006A/en
Publication of WO2018198042A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018198042A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/035—Open gradient magnetic separators, i.e. separators in which the gap is unobstructed, characterised by the configuration of the gap
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/23—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/30—Combinations with other devices, not otherwise provided for
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
    • C22B21/0007—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap or any other metal source
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
    • C22B21/0038—Obtaining aluminium by other processes
    • C22B21/0069—Obtaining aluminium by other processes from scrap, skimmings or any secondary source aluminium, e.g. recovery of alloy constituents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/04—Working-up slag
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/20—Magnetic separation of bulk or dry particles in mixtures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process and device for recovering metal from slag (also known as salt slag, salt cake, ash, black dross) or dross (also known as black dross, white dross, skimmings) produced in the melting of metals.
  • slag also known as salt slag, salt cake, ash, black dross
  • dross also known as black dross, white dross, skimmings
  • the present invention may relate to a process for fulfilling two functions, each of which improve the economics of metal smelting.
  • the present invention may be useful to remove waste from the raw material (high metal dross) coming into the smelter so that a higher metal content material can be fed into the smelter's furnace. Removing waste at this stage eliminates the energy, flux, and processing time (furnace capacity) consumed in otherwise processing this waste through the smelter's furnace as an integral part of the furnace charge and also greatly reduces the quantities of salt slag waste generated.
  • the present invention may also be useful to recover metal bound up in the waste (slag or salt slag) ejected from a smelter's furnace. Within industry there are methods of achieving such processes however, the present invention provides a considerably higher level of efficiency, using less equipment, less energy consumption, occupying less factory space and for less operating cost.
  • Smelting is a process employing heat to recover metal in molten form. It typically involves heating metal ore, metals to be alloyed, metal scrap, or metal-containing waste materials (e.g. dross) in a furnace, often under the covering of a suitable flux, with free metal in liquid form collecting in the bottom of the furnace.
  • the metal can be drained off leaving a waste material comprising of metal oxides and other waste compounds present in the raw material, any flux and other agents added to the furnace, and some metal that remains trapped within this bulk waste material.
  • This waste may be referred to as dross if high enough in metal to be worth remelting (e.g. the material skimmed off to remove impurities from the surface of molten metal) or slag if the metal content is low.
  • Slag may yet contain typically 5% to 10% metal and sometimes more.
  • Some smelters seek to recover some of the metal in their slags by crushing the slag and screening or hand picking whatever metal they are able to. Often the processes used to break up the slag also break down the metal sought, thereby generating unrecoverable metal fines.
  • Slag and dross materials are typically classified as hazardous waste, e.g. in EU, and their disposal to landfill may be prohibited or at least be costly. There are however, potential uses for the bulk of this material, particularly if it does not contain salt. Thus separating out the waste before the addition of salt not only reduces the bulk quantity of waste generated but it also increases the potential for more of the waste to become a by-product, i.e. a useful material feedstock for other industries.
  • a method for separating slag and/or dross comprising (a) the use of a device as described hereinabove to separate metallic and non-metallic particles from the slag and/or dross.
  • the process comprises a step of:
  • step (b) separating the material obtained from step (a) according to metal content, size or shape.
  • the step (a) metallic pieces may be removed from the product obtained by using the device.
  • the feed material may comprise slag and/or dross.
  • the step (b) may comprise using a magnet to separate magnetic material from non- magnetic material and/or the use of an eddy current separator.
  • the step (b) may comprise using a set of one or more screens.
  • the screens may comprise at least one vibrating screen.
  • the screens may comprise a series of screens, wherein each screen is selected to pass pieces of material of a
  • Separated material having a high metal content may be recovered by any suitable means, for example, an eddy current separator. Particles of material may be deemed to have a high metal content if they are either electrical conductors, or are of at least a predetermined size. Pieces of material of less than the predetermined size may be further processed for recovery of fine metal prills therefrom, for example by roller crushing and/or eddy current separator.
  • a preparation step comprising crushing the slag or dross into pieces may be conducted.
  • the crushed pieces may have a diameter of not more than 200mm, more preferably not more than 150mm, most preferably not more than 100 mm.
  • the process may comprise first and second separating steps, and a compressing step between the first and second separating steps for compressing the material to break up non-metallic material and to flatten the metallic material. The broken up non-metallic material is then more likely to pass through a subsequent screen, while the flattened metallic materials are less likely to pass through those screens due to their shape and size.
  • a device for recovering metal from slag and/or dross comprising a housing defining a chamber having an inlet for receiving slag and/or dross and an outlet, wherein disposed in said chamber between said inlet and said outlet is a first blade mounted to the housing and within the chamber and at least one other blade being rotatably mounted on a rotor, said blades being co-operable with one another to reduce the non-metallic components of the slag and/or dross, said first and at least one other blade being separated by a predetermined distance.
  • the residual material absent the metal may also be of value.
  • the present invention provides a more efficient process for the recovery of metal from slag or dross comprising the step of (a) breaking down the slag or dross creating a mixture comprising metal which is liberated from the slag or dross matrix. It also results in any salt present in the slag or dross being broken down to a fine powder which both readily makes its way through various downstream screening stages, and is also suitable for dissolution for salt recovery purposes.
  • the differences in properties between metals and non-metals enable the device of the present invention to create the differentiated particle size in differing materials that enables their easy separation. More specifically, non-metallics & oxides are broken up by the device of the present invention while the trapped metal particles remain intact and are substantially unchanged and are liberated from the matrix. In contrast, reduction of slag by standard milling and shredding technology tends to reduce metal and the non-metal particles further, so reducing the likelihood of separation.
  • a device for recovering metal from slag and/or dross comprising a housing defining a chamber having an inlet for receiving slag and/or dross and an outlet, wherein disposed in said chamber between said inlet and said outlet is a first blade mounted to the housing and within the chamber and at least one other blade being rotatably mounted on a rotor, said blades being co-operable with one another to reduce the non-metallic components of the slag and/or dross, said first and at least one other blade being separated by a predetermined distance.
  • the present invention may comprise at least one baffle.
  • the at least one baffle may be disposed within the chamber or exterior to the chamber.
  • the at least one baffle is disposed exterior to the chamber and may help prevent material to be reduced from escaping via the inlet to a feed hopper.
  • the device may comprise two or more baffles, preventing there being a clear line of sight for material to pass from the chamber, out through the inlet to a feed hopper.
  • an apparatus for recovering metal from slag and/or dross comprising a device as described herein and an eddy current separator.
  • the apparatus may further comprise at least one screen.
  • Fig. 1 schematically illustrates an embodiment of a process in accordance with the present invention for raising the metal purity of dross
  • Fig. 2 schematically illustrates an embodiment of a process in accordance with the present invention for treating slag and/or dross (particularly, low quality dross);
  • Fig. 3 shows a device in accordance with the present invention and for use in the process.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 are schematics illustrating processes for raising the purity of dross and a salt slag process. Both processes involve the following steps:
  • the magnetic separator may be an overband magnet which draws magnetic material up and away from a conveyor onto the overband magnet (to be released at another location).
  • the slag or dross is fed into a device as described hereinbelow.
  • the device breaks down the non-metallic materials within the mixture to result in pieces of material of a size suitable for further screening.
  • the screen is intended to remove large lumps (of probably principally metallic material).
  • the device liberates metal from the slag or dross matrix by breaking up only the non-metallic materials (the metal being largely unaffected by the device) and create a mixture comprising pieces having varying sizes and metal content.
  • NMP - non- metallic particles Separating the metallic and fractured non-metallic materials (NMP - non- metallic particles). This can be achieved in a variety of ways using conventional equipment such as, but not limited to, using one or more of the following: sieves / screens, eddy current separators, other techniques employing electromagnetic induction, cyclones, centrifuges, air separation and the like.
  • the remaining particles which are predominantly non-metallic and sufficiently small, anywhere between 0.5mm and 12mm, may be further processed by crushing the brittle non-metallic material into a powder whilst flattening any included ductile metallic material into discs using any crusher that minimises shearing and grinding which could lead to metal attrition.
  • One embodiment would be the use of a single set or a cascade of sets of roller crushers. 6. Separating the crushed non-metallic particles from the rolled metallic discs using a sieve or other conventional separation equipment as listed in step 3.
  • step 7 is relevant to the process illustrated in Fig. 2, as follows: 7. Particles which are predominantly non-metallic and greater than the size range selected for step 5 can be recirculated for further processing through step 3 or the process flow could incorporate an additional device in accordance with the present invention. An eddy current separator can perform this task.
  • Example 1 Concentration of aluminium dross to make ready for more efficient smelting.
  • FIG. 3 A device suitable for use in the present invention is shown in Fig. 3.
  • the device 10 has a housing 12 having an inlet 14 and an outlet 16.
  • the housing defines a chamber in which is housed a rotor 18 having a plurality of blades 20 disposed about its circumference.
  • the rotor is operably connected to a motor to drive the rotation of the rotor and thus the blades 20.
  • Housing 12 is of general box construction and defines a chamber divided into an upper 22 and lower chamber 24.
  • the housing 12 has re-inforced walls where shown in thicker lines to provide protection against particles moving with high velocity.
  • the housing 12 has two side walls (not shown), and front and rear walls 26 and 28. Extending inwardly perpendicularly from the plane of front wall 26 is a blade 30, the free end of which is separated by a pre-determinable distance 32 from the free end of blades 20.
  • the blade 30 and rotor divide the upper and lower chambers and the distance 30 will constrain the rate and to some degree the size of particle capable of passing therethrough to facilitate longer residence time in the upper chamber to enable more energy to be imparted to the feed material.
  • Metallic components of the feed material will tend to remain intact and unchanged rather than be broken down by the action of the blades.
  • the position of blade 30 is adjustable to accommodate optimised blade position as blade tips wear and is spring loaded to enable large resilient particles to pass through to the lower chamber and avoid jamming or damaging the device.
  • the position of the rotor may be adjustable.
  • baffles 34, 36 and 38 Located between the inlet 14 and the rotors in the upper chamber are three baffles 34, 36 and 38 which are shaped and positioned to retain and recirculate the particles within the upper chamber.
  • the baffles comprise two planar plates arranged to prevent a clear line of sight from the rotor to the opening of the inlet.
  • the baffled feedbox is arranged such that material enters the chamber and is delivered to the rotor in a direction counter to the direction of the rotor and at a point preferably 180 degrees from the outlet.
  • the outlet 16 is also located adjacent to the rear wall 28 and there is an angled end wall below the blades to deflect material passing between the fixed and rotating blades towards the outlet 16.
  • the angled end wall is sufficiently resilient to withstand multiple impacts from metallic and non-metallic material travelling at high velocity.
  • Material containing slag and/or dross containing metal is fed into a gravity fed hopper 40 and passes through inlet 14 and is fed towards the rotor and the blades mounted thereon such that the non-metallics shatter and the metallics remain intact.
  • the arrows show the direction of movement of particles within the device during use. .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de récupération de métal à partir de scories ou d'écume, qui comprend l'étape consistant à décomposer le laitier ou l'écume pour fragmenter le matériau non métallique dans le laitier ou l'écume.
PCT/IB2018/052870 2017-04-25 2018-04-25 Procédé et dispositif de récupération de métal Ceased WO2018198042A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1916971.3A GB2577006A (en) 2017-04-25 2018-04-25 Process and device for recovering metal

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB1706541.8A GB201706541D0 (en) 2017-04-25 2017-04-25 Device and process for recovering metal
GB1706541.8 2017-04-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018198042A1 true WO2018198042A1 (fr) 2018-11-01

Family

ID=58795782

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2018/052870 Ceased WO2018198042A1 (fr) 2017-04-25 2018-04-25 Procédé et dispositif de récupération de métal

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (2) GB201706541D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018198042A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111235408A (zh) * 2020-03-28 2020-06-05 吴兵来 一种废铝处理回收设备
US20210277498A1 (en) * 2018-06-25 2021-09-09 Thomas A. Valerio Method, process, and system of using a mill to separate metals from fibrous feedstock

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB779289A (en) * 1955-01-21 1957-07-17 Unipulver Ltd Improvements in or relating to grinding, pulverising, crushing and the like machines
GB843760A (en) * 1958-05-13 1960-08-10 Hazemag Hartzerkleinerung Improvements in baffle mills
US5192359A (en) * 1992-06-11 1993-03-09 Reynolds Metals Company Recovery of aluminum from furnace dross
US5901910A (en) * 1997-02-07 1999-05-11 Imco Recycling, Inc. Metal recovery from salt cake and other compositions
WO2009145615A1 (fr) * 2008-05-30 2009-12-03 Recco B.V. Procédé de recyclage de scories d'aluminium utilisant un séparateur à courant de foucault qui fonctionne à une vitesse de rotation réduite

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB779289A (en) * 1955-01-21 1957-07-17 Unipulver Ltd Improvements in or relating to grinding, pulverising, crushing and the like machines
GB843760A (en) * 1958-05-13 1960-08-10 Hazemag Hartzerkleinerung Improvements in baffle mills
US5192359A (en) * 1992-06-11 1993-03-09 Reynolds Metals Company Recovery of aluminum from furnace dross
US5901910A (en) * 1997-02-07 1999-05-11 Imco Recycling, Inc. Metal recovery from salt cake and other compositions
WO2009145615A1 (fr) * 2008-05-30 2009-12-03 Recco B.V. Procédé de recyclage de scories d'aluminium utilisant un séparateur à courant de foucault qui fonctionne à une vitesse de rotation réduite

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20210277498A1 (en) * 2018-06-25 2021-09-09 Thomas A. Valerio Method, process, and system of using a mill to separate metals from fibrous feedstock
US12460277B2 (en) * 2018-06-25 2025-11-04 Thomas A. Valerio Method, process, and system of using a mill to separate metals from fibrous feedstock
CN111235408A (zh) * 2020-03-28 2020-06-05 吴兵来 一种废铝处理回收设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB201706541D0 (en) 2017-06-07
GB2577006A (en) 2020-03-11
GB201916971D0 (en) 2020-01-08

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