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WO2018193784A1 - Appareil de culture hydroponique - Google Patents

Appareil de culture hydroponique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018193784A1
WO2018193784A1 PCT/JP2018/011320 JP2018011320W WO2018193784A1 WO 2018193784 A1 WO2018193784 A1 WO 2018193784A1 JP 2018011320 W JP2018011320 W JP 2018011320W WO 2018193784 A1 WO2018193784 A1 WO 2018193784A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
nutrient solution
tank
cultivation
discharge
filter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2018/011320
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
緒方　賢史
雄一 稲葉
太郎 石堂
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd filed Critical Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
Priority to JP2019513277A priority Critical patent/JPWO2018193784A1/ja
Publication of WO2018193784A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018193784A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
    • A01G31/06—Hydroponic culture on racks or in stacked containers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hydroponic cultivation apparatus for cultivating a plant without using soil.
  • a hydroponic cultivation device feeds nutrient solution from a nutrient solution tank that stores the nutrient solution to a cultivation tank that grows the plant and absorbs the nutrient solution from the roots of the plant to provide nutrients to the plant. ing.
  • the nutrient solution is circulated between the cultivation tank and the nutrient solution tank using a pump (see Patent Document 1).
  • the present invention has been made in view of such problems of the conventional technology. And the objective of this invention provides the hydroponic cultivation apparatus which can suppress the raise of the liquid level of a nutrient solution to the extent which does not have a bad influence on a plant, even if clogging occurs in the discharge filter in a cultivation tank. That is.
  • a hydroponic cultivation apparatus includes a cultivation tank that forms a flow path through which a nutrient solution flows, a nutrient solution tank that stores the nutrient solution, and the nutrient solution from the nutrient solution tank to the cultivation tank.
  • a supply channel that leads, a discharge channel that guides the nutrient solution from the cultivation tank to the nutrient solution tank, and between the nutrient solution tank and the cultivation tank via the supply channel and the discharge channel
  • a pump that circulates the nutrient solution, and a discharge filter that is provided in the cultivation tank and removes foreign substances from the nutrient solution that flows from the cultivation tank to the discharge channel, and the discharge filter is clogged.
  • the liquid level of the nutrient solution in the cultivation tank has a function of preventing the liquid level from rising to a position above a predetermined height position.
  • the increase in the level of the nutrient solution can be suppressed to the extent that the plant is not adversely affected.
  • the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of the present embodiment includes a multistage rack 200.
  • a cultivation tank 106 is placed on each stage of the multistage rack 200.
  • Hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of the present embodiment grows plant 10 without using soil.
  • the plant 10 is assumed to be a potato as an example of root vegetables.
  • the plant 10 includes a tuber 11, a main stem 12 extending from the tuber 11, a root 13 extending from an underground portion of the main stem 12, and a leaf 14 formed on the ground portion of the main stem 12.
  • the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 uses the power supply of the power supply box 300 to cause the illumination unit 101 to irradiate the plant 10 with light and to drive a pump 107 described later.
  • the leaves 14 of the plant 10 perform photosynthesis with the light emitted from the illumination unit 101.
  • a transparent heat suppression plate (not shown) that transmits light from the illumination unit 101 while suppressing adverse effects due to heat of the illumination unit 101 is provided between the illumination unit 101 and the plant 10. .
  • the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 has a horizontal bar 150 and a horizontal bar fixed to the vertical rail of the rack 200 so as to cross a position approximately in the middle of the height of the main stem 12 of the plant 10 in the ground space 102.
  • an intermediate illumination unit 151 extending in the horizontal direction along the bar 150.
  • the rack 200 and the horizontal bar 150 are formed of a metal having high thermal conductivity such as aluminum. Therefore, the heat generated by the intermediate illumination unit 151 is conducted from the horizontal bar 150 to the rack 200. Accordingly, the heat generated by the intermediate illumination unit 151 can be diffused to the outside while realizing the promotion of photosynthesis of the plant 10 based on the light emitted by the intermediate illumination unit 151. As a result, the adverse effect of the heat generated by the intermediate illumination unit 151 on the plant 10 can be suppressed, and the growth of the plant 10 can be promoted.
  • the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 includes a cultivation tank 106.
  • the cultivation tank 106 stores the nutrient solution 50 therein.
  • the tuber 11 of the plant 10 is held by a mesh-like holding unit 105, and the root 13 of the plant 10 passes through the mesh of the holding unit 105 and reaches the nutrient solution 50.
  • maintenance part 105 may have many through-holes which the root 13 passes in a part of plate-shaped part. According to this structure, the plant 10 can absorb the nutrient solution 50 and grow.
  • the nutrient solution 50 is supplied to each of the plurality of cultivation tanks 106 via the supply channel 109 by the pump 107.
  • the cultivation tank 106 includes a partition portion 103 attached in the vicinity of the upper end opening.
  • the partition 103 divides the ground space 102 where the above-ground part of the plant 10 grows and the underground space 104 where the underground part of the plant 10 grows.
  • the underground space 104 is surrounded by the partition 103 and the cultivation tank 106.
  • the ground space 102 is open, and the leaves 14 of the plants 10 are emitted from the illumination unit 101 provided on the lower surface of the rack 200 and the intermediate illumination unit 151 provided on the lower surface of the horizontal bar 150. In response, photosynthesis is performed.
  • the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 includes a cultivation tank 106, a nutrient solution tank 108, a supply channel 109, a discharge channel 110, a pump 107, and a nutrient solution amount adjustment unit 120.
  • the nutrient solution amount adjustment unit 120 is a valve that maintains a constant flow rate.
  • FIG. 1 although the example in which the two cultivation tanks 106 are arranged in the up-down direction is shown, three or more cultivation tanks 106 may be arranged in the up-down direction.
  • the plurality of cultivation tanks 106 are provided at different height positions. Each of the plurality of cultivation tanks 106 constitutes a part of a flow path through which the nutrient solution 50 flows.
  • the nutrient solution tank 108 stores the nutrient solution 50 supplied to the cultivation tank 106.
  • the supply channel 109 guides the nutrient solution 50 from the nutrient solution tank 108 to each of the plurality of cultivation tanks 106.
  • the discharge channel 110 guides the nutrient solution 50 from each of the plurality of cultivation tanks 106 to the nutrient solution tank 108.
  • a discharge filter 202 is provided in each of the flow paths from the plurality of cultivation tanks 106 to the discharge flow path 110.
  • An inflow filter 301 is provided in a flow path from the discharge flow path 110 to the nutrient solution tank 108.
  • the pump 107 is provided in the nutrient solution tank 108 and circulates the nutrient solution 50 between the nutrient solution tank 108 and each of the plurality of cultivation tanks 106 via the supply channel 109 and the discharge channel 110. .
  • Each of the plurality of nutrient solution amount adjusting units 120 is provided in each of the plurality of branch channels 109b branched from the main channel 109a of the supply channel 109, and adjusts the flow rate of the nutrient solution 50 flowing through the branch channel 109b. That is, the plurality of nutrient solution amount adjusting units 120 are provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of branch channels 109b.
  • the plurality of nutrient solution adjustment units 120 are valves that make the amounts flowing through the plurality of branch channels 109b the same.
  • the nutrient solution 50 discharged from the cultivation tank 106 flows through the plurality of branch pipes 110a, and then merges in the trunk pipe 110b.
  • the nutrient solution 50 flows from the trunk pipe 110 b of the discharge channel 110 into the nutrient tank 108.
  • the plurality of nutrient solution amount adjustment units 120 can prevent the flow rate of the nutrient solution 50 supplied to each of the plurality of cultivation tanks 106 from being determined depending on the height of the plurality of cultivation tanks 106. Anything can be used. In other words, the plurality of nutrient solution adjusting units 120 may adjust the flow rate of the nutrient solution 50 flowing into each of the plurality of cultivation tanks 106 in any manner.
  • the cultivation tank 106 constitutes a flow path through which the nutrient solution 50 flows, and has a discharge port 110X that discharges the nutrient solution 50.
  • the nutrient solution 50 flows into the discharge channel 110 from the discharge port 110X.
  • a discharge filter 202 is provided upstream of the discharge port 110X.
  • the discharge filter 202 has a function of suppressing the liquid level of the nutrient solution 50 in the cultivation tank 106 from rising to a position above a predetermined height position when clogged.
  • the predetermined height position is a height position such that the nutrient solution 50 does not adversely affect the plant 10 in the cultivation tank 106.
  • the predetermined height position may be, for example, a height position such that the liquid surface of the nutrient solution 50 does not come into contact with the tubers 11 and tubers (not shown) newly formed on the underground stems extending from the tubers 11.
  • the predetermined height position may be, for example, a position below the holding unit 105 by a certain distance. Note that the reference position of the predetermined height position is the position of the bottom surface of the cultivation tank 106 in the present embodiment.
  • the discharge filter 202 has a film structure extending in the vertical direction. There is no filter at the position 202 a between the discharge filter 202 and the discharge port 110 ⁇ / b> X so that the nutrient solution 50 flows into the discharge flow path 110.
  • the discharge filter 202 connects the inner surfaces facing each other of the cultivation tank 106. It is installed like a flat wall. In the present embodiment, the discharge filter 202 is disposed so as to extend upward from the bottom surface of the cultivation tank 106.
  • the discharge filter 202 may have a shape obtained by cutting the circumferential surface of the cylinder with a plane along the central axis.
  • the discharge filter 202 as a membrane structure extending in the up-down direction may have a shape obtained by cutting the peripheral surface of the square tube with a plane along the direction in which the square tube extends.
  • the discharge filter 202 as a membrane structure extending in the vertical direction may have a cylindrical structure.
  • the discharge filter 202 may have a shape along the peripheral surface of the square tube.
  • the vertically extending membrane structure constituting the discharge filter 202 has a shape in which the nutrient solution 50 flows over the upper end of the membrane structure and flows into the discharge channel 110 when the discharge filter 202 is clogged. Anything may be used.
  • the nutrient solution 50 flows from the root side of the plant 10 of the discharge filter 202 to the discharge port 110 ⁇ / b> X side of the discharge filter 202 via the discharge filter 202.
  • the discharge filter 202 removes predetermined foreign matter from the nutrient solution 50 flowing from the cultivation tank 106 into the discharge flow path 110.
  • the nutrient solution 50 flows into the discharge flow path 110 from the position 202a between the discharge filter 202 and the discharge port 110X, as indicated by the dashed arrow.
  • the nutrient solution 50 is prevented from rising above the upper end of the discharge filter 202. Therefore, the tuber 11 cultivated on the holding part 105 at a position higher than the position 202a between the discharge filter 202 and the discharge port 110X is not immersed in the nutrient solution 50. Therefore, the rot of the tuber 11 resulting from the tuber 11 being immersed in the nutrient solution 50 for a long time is suppressed.
  • the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 includes a cultivation tank 106, a nutrient solution tank 108, and an inflow filter 301.
  • the nutrient solution tank 108 has an inflow port 110 ⁇ / b> Y through which the nutrient solution 50 flowing through the discharge channel 110 flows.
  • the inflow filter 301 is provided at a position where the nutrient solution 50 flowing into the nutrient solution tank 108 from the inlet 110Y passes.
  • the inflow filter 301 removes specific foreign matters smaller than the predetermined foreign matter removed from the nutrient solution 50 by the discharge filter 202 described above. That is, the inflow filter 301 has a smaller mesh than the discharge filter 202, and can remove small specific foreign matters that cannot be removed by the discharge filter 202.
  • the inflow filter 301 is provided so as to completely block the flow path, but allows the nutrient solution 50 to pass therethrough.
  • the inflow filter 301 is a commonly used filter, and has a planar film structure provided along a plane perpendicular to the direction in which the nutrient solution 50 flows.
  • the inflow filter 301 may have any shape and arrangement.
  • the exhaust filter 202 has a coarser mesh than the inflow filter 301 and is not easily clogged. Therefore, if the inflow filter 301 is replaced more frequently than the discharge filter 202, the nutrient solution 50 rises to a height position where the nutrient solution 50 contacts the plant 10 in the cultivation tank 106 due to clogging of the discharge filter 202. The possibility that it can be prevented increases. According to this, although the several discharge filter 202 is each provided in the some cultivation tank 106, since only one inflow filter 301 is provided in one nutrient solution tank 108, in the whole hydroponics apparatus The burden for replacing the filter is reduced.
  • the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 As shown in FIG. 8, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment has a nutrient solution 50 between one nutrient solution tank 108 and one cultivation tank 106, and one discharge channel 1100 and 1. It circulates through one supply channel 1090.
  • the nutrient solution amount adjustment unit 120 is provided in the supply channel 1090.
  • the rack 200 of the present embodiment is one stage fewer than the rack 200 of the first embodiment.
  • the discharge filter 202 and the inflow filter 301 of the first embodiment are provided in the cultivation tank 106 and the nutrient solution tank 108, respectively. Therefore, the same effect as that obtained by the discharge filter 202 and the inflow filter 301 of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of the first embodiment can be obtained.
  • the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 includes a cultivation tank 106, a nutrient solution tank 108, a supply channel 109, a discharge channel 110, a pump 107, and a discharge filter 202.
  • the cultivation tank 106 constitutes a flow path through which the nutrient solution 50 flows.
  • the nutrient solution tank 108 stores the nutrient solution 50.
  • the supply channel 109 guides the nutrient solution 50 from the nutrient solution tank 108 to the cultivation tank 106.
  • the discharge flow path 110 guides the nutrient solution 50 from the cultivation tank 106 to the nutrient solution tank 108.
  • the pump 107 circulates the nutrient solution 50 between the nutrient solution tank 108 and the cultivation tank 106 via the supply channel 109 and the discharge channel 110.
  • the discharge filter 202 is provided in the cultivation tank 106 and removes predetermined foreign substances from the nutrient solution 50 flowing out from the cultivation tank 106 to the discharge channel 110.
  • the discharge filter 202 has a function of suppressing the liquid level of the nutrient solution 50 in the cultivation tank 106 from rising to a position above a predetermined height position when clogged.
  • the increase in the level of the nutrient solution 50 can be suppressed to the extent that the plant 10 is not adversely affected.
  • the discharge filter 202 has a membrane structure extending in the height direction of the nutrient solution 50, and may be arranged so that the nutrient solution 50 flows over the upper end of the membrane structure and flows into the discharge channel 110.
  • the liquid level of the nutrient solution 50 in the cultivation tank 106 rises to a position above a predetermined height position with a simple configuration. It is preferable to further include an inflow filter 301 that is provided in the liquid tank 108 and removes specific foreign substances smaller than predetermined foreign substances from the nutrient solution 50 flowing into the nutrient solution tank 108 from the discharge channel 110.
  • the cultivation tank 106 may be a plurality of cultivation tanks 106 provided at different height positions. Even if the supply flow path 109 has the trunk flow path 109a and the some branch flow path 109b branched from the trunk flow path 109a so that the nutrient solution 50 may be guide
  • the plurality of branch channels 109b may be provided with a plurality of nutrient solution amount adjustment units 120 that adjust the flow rate of the nutrient solution 50 flowing into the plurality of cultivation tanks 106, respectively. According to this, it is possible to avoid the adverse effects caused by the amount of nutrient solution 50 supplied to each of the plurality of cultivation tanks 106 arranged in the vertical direction depending on the height of each cultivation tank 106. it can.
  • the plurality of nutrient solution adjustment units 120 have the same flow rate of nutrient solution flowing into each of the plurality of cultivation tanks 106. According to this, even if a difference occurs between the pressures generated in the nutrient solution 50 flowing through each of the plurality of branch channels 109b due to the different height positions of the plurality of cultivation tanks 106, the unit A substantially equal amount of nutrient solution 50 can be supplied to the plurality of cultivation tanks 106 per hour.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydroponics (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un appareil de culture hydroponique (100) comportant un récipient de culture (106) qui constitue un trajet d'écoulement à travers lequel une solution nutritive (50) peut s'écouler, un récipient de solution nutritive (108) dans lequel la solution nutritive (50) doit être stockée, un trajet d'écoulement d'alimentation (109) à travers lequel la solution nutritive (50) est guidée depuis le récipient de solution nutritive (108) vers le récipient de culture (106), un trajet d'écoulement d'évacuation (110) à travers lequel la solution nutritive (50) est guidée depuis le récipient de culture (106) vers le récipient de solution nutritive (108), une pompe (107) qui peut faire circuler la solution nutritive (50) entre le récipient de solution nutritive (108) et le récipient de culture (106) à travers le trajet d'écoulement d'alimentation (109) et le trajet d'écoulement d'évacuation (110), et un filtre d'évacuation (202) qui est disposé à l'intérieur du récipient de culture (106) et à travers lequel une matière étrangère spécifique est retirée de la solution nutritive (50) qui s'écoule depuis le récipient de culture (106) dans le trajet d'écoulement d'évacuation (110), où le filtre d'évacuation (202) présente une fonction d'empêcher l'élévation du niveau de liquide de la solution nutritive (50) dans le récipient de culture (106) vers une position située au-dessus d'une position présentant une hauteur prédéterminée lorsque le filtre d'évacuation (202) est colmaté.
PCT/JP2018/011320 2017-04-21 2018-03-22 Appareil de culture hydroponique Ceased WO2018193784A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2019513277A JPWO2018193784A1 (ja) 2017-04-21 2018-03-22 水耕栽培装置

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2017-084400 2017-04-21
JP2017084400 2017-04-21

Publications (1)

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WO2018193784A1 true WO2018193784A1 (fr) 2018-10-25

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020085076A1 (fr) * 2018-10-26 2020-04-30 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 Procédé hydroponique pour tubercules de tiges et système hydroponique pour tubercules de tiges
US12279566B2 (en) 2021-09-07 2025-04-22 Dupont Safety & Construction, Inc. Efficient hydroponic cultivation system and method

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63127348U (fr) * 1987-02-10 1988-08-19
JP2012095622A (ja) * 2010-11-05 2012-05-24 Daiwa House Industry Co Ltd 養液循環型植物栽培装置
JP3182775U (ja) * 2013-01-28 2013-04-11 東浜工業株式会社 水耕栽培装置
JP2017006114A (ja) * 2015-06-24 2017-01-12 株式会社東芝 水耕栽培装置

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2823846B2 (ja) * 1996-12-18 1998-11-11 財団法人電力中央研究所 植物栽培装置
KR101670059B1 (ko) * 2014-07-29 2016-10-28 주식회사 인송지이 식물재배장치

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63127348U (fr) * 1987-02-10 1988-08-19
JP2012095622A (ja) * 2010-11-05 2012-05-24 Daiwa House Industry Co Ltd 養液循環型植物栽培装置
JP3182775U (ja) * 2013-01-28 2013-04-11 東浜工業株式会社 水耕栽培装置
JP2017006114A (ja) * 2015-06-24 2017-01-12 株式会社東芝 水耕栽培装置

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020085076A1 (fr) * 2018-10-26 2020-04-30 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 Procédé hydroponique pour tubercules de tiges et système hydroponique pour tubercules de tiges
US12279566B2 (en) 2021-09-07 2025-04-22 Dupont Safety & Construction, Inc. Efficient hydroponic cultivation system and method

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