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WO2018189859A1 - Dispositif à cycle frigorifique et procédé de fonctionnement de dégivrage pour ledit dispositif - Google Patents

Dispositif à cycle frigorifique et procédé de fonctionnement de dégivrage pour ledit dispositif Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018189859A1
WO2018189859A1 PCT/JP2017/015123 JP2017015123W WO2018189859A1 WO 2018189859 A1 WO2018189859 A1 WO 2018189859A1 JP 2017015123 W JP2017015123 W JP 2017015123W WO 2018189859 A1 WO2018189859 A1 WO 2018189859A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
defrosting operation
heat exchanger
defrosting
heating
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2017/015123
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
康平 名島
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Electric Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority to PCT/JP2017/015123 priority Critical patent/WO2018189859A1/fr
Priority to JP2019512125A priority patent/JP6723442B2/ja
Priority to GB1913233.1A priority patent/GB2574541B/en
Publication of WO2018189859A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018189859A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/89—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
    • F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/41—Defrosting; Preventing freezing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2221/00—Details or features not otherwise provided for
    • F24F2221/54—Heating and cooling, simultaneously or alternatively

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a refrigeration cycle apparatus that performs a defrosting operation for removing frost adhering to a heat exchanger, and a defrosting operation method for the refrigeration cycle apparatus.
  • an air conditioner equipped with a refrigeration cycle having a heat source side heat exchanger and a use side heat exchanger.
  • the refrigerant circulating in the refrigeration cycle dissipates heat to the air supplied to the heat exchanger on the use side that functions as a condenser, and the heated air is sent to the air-conditioning target space.
  • the heat source side heat exchanger that functions as an evaporator during heating operation may be installed outdoors. For example, if the heating operation is executed when the outside air temperature is low, such as in winter, frost may adhere to the heat exchanger on the heat source side that functions as an evaporator.
  • frost When frost grows, it may cause a decrease in refrigeration cycle capacity or a failure of the heat exchanger on the heat source side. For this reason, it is necessary to perform the defrosting operation which melt
  • the conventional technology detects the frosting state of the heat exchanger based on the rule of thumb from the temperature of the heat exchanger to be defrosted, and starts the defrosting operation.
  • the actual frosting state of the heat exchanger cannot be accurately detected only from the temperature of the heat exchanger to be defrosted.
  • heating operation may be performed in a state where the heating capacity is low due to a large amount of frost formation on the heat exchanger, or the time of the defrosting operation may be prolonged. Then, when considering the heating integration capability in a period composed of a set of heating operation and defrosting operation to be executed in succession, this heating integration capability has been reduced.
  • the present invention has been made against the background of the above-described problems, and provides a refrigeration cycle apparatus that performs a defrosting operation while suppressing a decrease in accumulated heating capacity. Moreover, the defrost operation method of the refrigerating-cycle apparatus which suppresses the fall of integrated heating capability is provided.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus of the present invention includes a compressor, a first heat exchanger, a plurality of expansion devices, a plurality of second heat exchangers, and a first temperature detection for detecting an ambient temperature of the first heat exchanger.
  • a storage unit that stores the heating capacity of each of the plurality of second heat exchangers, the first heat exchanger functioning as an evaporator, and at least a part of the plurality of second heat exchangers
  • a control device that performs a heating operation that functions as a condenser, and the control device is configured to detect the detected value of the first temperature detector and the condensing of the plurality of second heat exchangers during the heating operation.
  • the heating is performed.
  • the operation time of the operation reaches the first operation time
  • the first defrosting operation is started.
  • the second defrosting operation to reach the second operating time shorter than the first operation time in case of selecting the second defrosting operation.
  • a defrosting operation method for a refrigeration cycle apparatus is a defrosting operation method for a refrigeration cycle apparatus including a compressor, a first heat exchanger, a plurality of expansion devices, and a plurality of second heat exchangers, During the heating operation in which the first heat exchanger functions as an evaporator and at least a part of the plurality of second heat exchangers functions as a condenser, the ambient temperature of the first heat exchanger is detected, Based on the ambient temperature of the first heat exchanger and the total heating capacity of the plurality of second heat exchangers functioning as the condenser, the first defrosting operation and the second defrosting are performed.
  • the first defrosting operation is started when the operation time of the heating operation reaches the first operation time, and the second defrosting operation is started.
  • the operation time of the heating operation is shorter than the first operation time.
  • the operating time of the heating operation is varied.
  • the defrosting operation is started. For this reason, compared with the case where a defrost operation is started based on an empirical rule from the temperature of the heat exchanger used as a defrost object, the actual frost formation state to the 1st heat exchanger used as a defrost object is more.
  • the defrosting operation can be started at the reflected timing. Therefore, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the integrated heating capacity in a period including a set of heating operations and a defrosting operation that are continuously executed.
  • FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a flowchart explaining the heating operation and the defrosting operation of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
  • It is a figure which illustrates the integrated heating capability of the 1st defrost operation which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a figure which illustrates the integrated heating capability of the 2nd defrost operation which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 6 is a functional block diagram of a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a heating operation and a defrosting operation of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a circuit configuration of a refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 is used as an air conditioner that heats or cools the air-conditioning target space.
  • the refrigerant flow in the cooling operation is indicated by broken line arrows
  • the refrigerant flow in the heating operation is indicated by solid line arrows.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 is configured by connecting a compressor 1, a first heat exchanger 2, a plurality of expansion devices 3a and 3b, and a plurality of second heat exchangers 4a and 4b through refrigerant pipes. It has a vapor compression refrigeration cycle.
  • the refrigerant circulating in the refrigeration cycle is, for example, a non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture in which R410A, R404A, R32, HFO1234yf, R32 and HFO1234yf, etc. are mixed at a constant ratio.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 includes a first temperature detector 5 that detects the ambient temperature of the first heat exchanger 2.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 of the present embodiment includes a refrigerant flow switching device 6, an accumulator 7, a check valve 8, and an outdoor fan 9.
  • the members constituting the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 are accommodated in a case of the outdoor unit 30 that is a heat source unit or a case of the indoor units 40a and 40b that are use side units.
  • the outdoor unit 30 that is a heat source unit or a case of the indoor units 40a and 40b that are use side units.
  • a configuration in which two indoor units 40a and 40b are connected in parallel to one outdoor unit 30 is illustrated, but the number of outdoor units 30 and indoor units 40a and 40b is an example. However, the number of units shown is not limited.
  • the outdoor unit 30 is installed in a space different from the air-conditioning target space, for example, outdoors.
  • the outdoor unit 30 houses the compressor 1, the check valve 8, the refrigerant flow switching device 6, the first heat exchanger 2, the accumulator 7, and the outdoor fan 9.
  • Compressor 1 compresses the refrigerant flowing in through accumulator 7 and discharges it as a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant.
  • the compressor 1 can be comprised by a rotary compressor, a scroll compressor, a screw compressor, a reciprocating compressor etc., for example. Moreover, it is good to comprise the compressor 1 with the inverter compressor which can control capacity
  • the check valve 8 is a valve that is provided in the refrigerant pipe on the discharge side of the compressor 1 and allows the refrigerant to flow only in one direction.
  • the check valve 8 prevents the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 from flowing back to the compressor 1.
  • the check valve 8 is not an essential component of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100.
  • the refrigerant flow switching device 6 has a valve provided in the refrigerant pipe on the discharge side of the compressor 1, and the first heat exchange is performed on the flow path of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 by the open / close state of this valve. Switch to one of the heat exchanger 2 side and the second heat exchanger 4a, 4b side.
  • the refrigerant flow switching device 6 can be configured by a combination of a two-way valve or a three-way valve, or a four-way valve.
  • the first heat exchanger 2 acts as an evaporator during heating operation, and acts as a condenser during cooling operation. Heat exchange is performed between the refrigerant flowing through the first heat exchanger 2 and a heat exchange fluid such as air supplied to the first heat exchanger 2.
  • the 1st heat exchanger 2 can be comprised with a fin and tube type heat exchanger, a microchannel heat exchanger, etc.
  • the first heat exchanger 2 is a fin-and-tube heat exchanger will be described as an example.
  • the first temperature detector 5 detects the ambient temperature of the first heat exchanger 2.
  • the ambient temperature of the first heat exchanger 2 is the air temperature in the space where the first heat exchanger 2 is installed.
  • the first temperature detector 5 detects the outside air temperature.
  • the accumulator 7 is an excess refrigerant storage container provided in the refrigerant pipe on the suction side of the compressor 1. Due to the difference in the refrigerant flow rate between the heating operation and the cooling operation, the transient refrigerant flow change that occurs when the number of operating units of the plurality of indoor units 40a and 40b changes, or the refrigerant flow change that occurs due to load conditions, Surplus refrigerant can be generated in the refrigeration cycle.
  • the accumulator 7 stores such surplus refrigerant. In the accumulator 7, the liquid refrigerant and the gas refrigerant are separated, and the gas refrigerant is supplied to the compressor 1.
  • the accumulator 7 is not an essential component of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100.
  • the outdoor fan 9 is an example of an apparatus that supplies the first heat exchanger 2 with a heat exchange fluid that exchanges heat with the refrigerant flowing through the first heat exchanger 2.
  • the outdoor fan 9 can be configured by a propeller fan having a plurality of blades. The outdoor fan 9 only needs to be installed in a place where air can be supplied to the first heat exchanger 2.
  • the indoor units 40a and 40b are each installed in the air-conditioning target space.
  • the indoor unit 40a houses the expansion device 3a, the second heat exchanger 4a, and the indoor fan 10a
  • the indoor unit 40b houses the expansion device 3b, the second heat exchanger 4b, and the indoor fan 10b.
  • the indoor unit 40a and the member accommodated therein are here. Explained as an example.
  • the expansion device 3a is installed in a refrigerant pipe that connects the first heat exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 4a, and is an apparatus that expands and depressurizes the refrigerant that passes by restricting the flow path of the refrigerant.
  • the expansion device 3a can be configured by an electric expansion valve having a valve capable of adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant.
  • a mechanical expansion valve employing a diaphragm for the pressure receiving portion, a capillary tube, or the like can be used as the expansion device 3a.
  • the second heat exchanger 4a acts as a condenser during heating operation and acts as an evaporator during cooling operation. Heat exchange is performed between the refrigerant flowing through the second heat exchanger 4a and the air supplied to the second heat exchanger 4a to generate heating air or cooling air.
  • the 2nd heat exchanger 4a can be comprised with a fin and tube type heat exchanger, a microchannel heat exchanger, etc.
  • the second heat exchanger 4a configured by a fin-and-tube heat exchanger having a pipe through which the refrigerant flows and fins attached to the pipe will be described as an example.
  • the indoor fan 10a is a fluid transfer device that supplies air that exchanges heat with the refrigerant flowing through the second heat exchanger 4a to the second heat exchanger 4a.
  • the indoor fan 10a can be configured by a propeller fan having a plurality of blades.
  • the indoor fan 10a is installed in a place where air can be supplied to the second heat exchanger 4a.
  • Each of the plurality of second heat exchangers 4a and 4b has a predetermined heating capacity (kW) and cooling capacity (kW).
  • the heating capacity and the cooling capacity can be defined using various parameters including the size of the second heat exchangers 4a and 4b, the amount of air blown from the indoor fans 10a and 10b, and the capacity of the compressor 1.
  • the parameters used for defining the cooling capacity are not particularly limited.
  • the plurality of second heat exchangers 4a and 4b provided in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 may have the same heating capacity and cooling capacity or may be different from each other. This is the same even if the number of second heat exchangers is three or more.
  • FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment.
  • the control device 20 controls actuators such as the compressor 1, the outdoor fan 9, the indoor fans 10a and 10b, the expansion devices 3a and 3b, and the refrigerant flow switching device 6 that are provided in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100.
  • the control device 20 is connected to each actuator so that a control signal can be transmitted. Further, the control device 20 receives signals from the first temperature detector 5 and the timer 11.
  • the control device 20 controls the actuator based on signals input from the first temperature detector 5 and the timer 11.
  • each of the indoor units 40a and 40b may be provided with a remote controller that inputs the set temperature and the start and stop of the operation, and a signal from the remote controller may be input to the control device 20.
  • the control device 20 performs a cooling operation, a heating operation, and a defrosting operation, which will be described later, based on the set temperature set for each of the indoor units 40a and 40b and information on the start and stop of the
  • the control device 20 includes a processing circuit 21 and a storage unit 22.
  • the processing circuit 21 includes dedicated hardware or a CPU (also referred to as a central processing unit, a central processing unit, a processing unit, a processing unit, a microprocessor, a microcomputer, or a processor) that executes a program stored in a storage unit.
  • a CPU also referred to as a central processing unit, a central processing unit, a processing unit, a processing unit, a microprocessor, a microcomputer, or a processor
  • processing circuit 21 When the processing circuit 21 is dedicated hardware, for example, a single circuit, a composite circuit, an ASIC (application specific integrated circuit), an FPGA (field-programmable gate array), or a combination of these corresponds to the processing circuit 21. To do. Each function realized by the processing circuit 21 may be realized by individual hardware, or each function may be realized by one piece of hardware.
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field-programmable gate array
  • each function executed by the processing circuit 21 is realized by software, firmware, or a combination of software and firmware.
  • Software and firmware are described as programs and stored in the internal memory of the processing circuit 21.
  • the processing circuit 21 implements each function by reading and executing a program stored in the internal memory.
  • the internal memory is a non-volatile or volatile semiconductor memory such as a program memory, EPROM, or EEPROM.
  • control device 20 may be realized by dedicated hardware, and a part may be realized by software or firmware.
  • FIG. 2 shows that the control device 20 controls the actuators in an integrated manner, the control device 20 does not need to be physically configured as illustrated. That is, the specific form of distribution and integration of the control device 20 is not limited to the illustrated one, and all or a part thereof is functionally or physically distributed in arbitrary units according to various loads or usage conditions. Alternatively, they can be integrated.
  • the control apparatus 20 can be installed in the outdoor unit 30, the specific arrangement
  • the function of the control device 20 is realized by a plurality of control devices, the plurality of control devices may be distributed and arranged in each of the outdoor unit 30 and the plurality of indoor units 40a and 40b.
  • the storage unit 22 stores at least the heating capacity information 22a.
  • the heating capacity information 22a is information in which each of the plurality of second heat exchangers 4a and 4b is associated with a predetermined heating capacity.
  • storage part 22 memorize
  • the storage unit 22 is configured by, for example, a nonvolatile semiconductor memory.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 of the present embodiment performs a cooling operation, a heating operation, and a defrosting operation.
  • a cooling operation a heating operation
  • a defrosting operation a defrosting operation
  • the cooling operation is an operation of supplying cooling air to the air-conditioning target space where the indoor units 40a and 40b are installed.
  • the refrigerant flow switching device 6 forms a refrigerant flow path in which the discharge side of the compressor 1 is connected to the first heat exchanger 2.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 flows into the first heat exchanger 2 functioning as a condenser via the refrigerant flow switching device 6.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed into the first heat exchanger 2 is condensed by exchanging heat with the air sent from the outdoor fan 9 and becomes a low-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant and flows out of the first heat exchanger 2.
  • the low-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has flowed out of the first heat exchanger 2 flows in parallel into the expansion devices 3a and 3b.
  • the low-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has flowed into the expansion devices 3a and 3b is decompressed by the expansion devices 3a and 3b to become a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant or a two-phase refrigerant, and flows out from the expansion devices 3a and 3b.
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant that has flowed out of the expansion devices 3a and 3b flows into the second heat exchangers 4a and 4b that function as evaporators.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the second heat exchangers 4a and 4b evaporates by exchanging heat with the air sent from the indoor fans 10a and 10b and becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant and flows out of the second heat exchangers 4a and 4b. .
  • the refrigerant absorbs heat from the air, so that air for cooling the air-conditioning target space is generated.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed out of the second heat exchangers 4a and 4b is sucked into the compressor 1 through the refrigerant flow switching device 6 and the accumulator 7. In the cooling operation, such a refrigeration cycle is repeated.
  • execution and a stop of a cooling operation can also be switched for every some indoor unit 40a, 40b. For example, when the indoor unit 40a performs a cooling operation and the indoor unit 40b stops the cooling operation, the expansion device 3a of the indoor unit 40a maintains a flow path with a predetermined opening through which the refrigerant passes, The expansion device 3b of the machine 40b closes the flow path so that the refrigerant does not flow into the second heat exchanger 4b. In this way, only a part of the plurality of indoor units 40a and 40b can perform the cooling operation.
  • the heating operation is an operation of supplying heating air to the air-conditioning target space where the indoor units 40a and 40b are installed.
  • the refrigerant flow switching device 6 forms a refrigerant flow path in which the discharge side of the compressor 1 is connected to the second heat exchangers 4a and 4b.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 flows in parallel into the second heat exchangers 4a and 4b functioning as condensers via the refrigerant flow switching device 6.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the second heat exchangers 4a and 4b exchanges heat with the air sent from the indoor fans 10a and 10b, condenses, and becomes a low-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant and flows out from the second heat exchangers 4a and 4b. .
  • the refrigerant radiates heat to the air, thereby generating heating air in the air-conditioning target space.
  • the low-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has flowed out of the second heat exchangers 4a and 4b flows into the expansion devices 3a and 3b, respectively.
  • the low-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has flowed into the expansion devices 3a and 3b is decompressed by the expansion devices 3a and 3b to become a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant or a two-phase refrigerant, and flows out from the expansion devices 3a and 3b.
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant that has flowed out of the expansion devices 3a and 3b flows into the first heat exchanger 2 that functions as an evaporator.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed into the first heat exchanger 2 evaporates by exchanging heat with the air sent from the outdoor fan 9 and flows out of the first heat exchanger 2 as a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed out of the first heat exchanger 2 is sucked into the compressor 1 through the refrigerant flow switching device 6 and the accumulator 7. In the heating operation, such a refrigeration cycle is repeated.
  • execution and a stop of heating operation can also be switched for every some indoor unit 40a, 40b.
  • the indoor unit 40a performs the heating operation and the indoor unit 40b stops the heating operation
  • the expansion device 3a of the indoor unit 40a maintains a flow path with a predetermined opening through which the refrigerant passes
  • the expansion device 3b of the machine 40b closes the flow path so that the refrigerant does not flow into the second heat exchanger 4b. By doing in this way, heating operation can be performed only for some of a plurality of indoor units 40a and 40b.
  • the defrosting operation is an operation for melting frost attached to the first heat exchanger 2 functioning as an evaporator during the heating operation.
  • the defrosting operation of the present embodiment is realized by reversing the refrigerant flow during the heating operation, that is, by making the refrigerant flow the same as that during the cooling operation described above.
  • the control device 20 stops the operation of the indoor fans 10a and 10b.
  • defrosting operation of the present embodiment There are two types of defrosting operation of the present embodiment, a first defrosting operation and a second defrosting operation.
  • the refrigerant flow is the same between the first defrosting operation and the second defrosting operation, but the conditions (timing) for starting the defrosting operation are different.
  • the first defrosting operation and the second defrosting operation have different times for the defrosting operation, and the second defrosting operation has a shorter operation time than the first defrosting operation. This will be specifically described below.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining the heating operation and the defrosting operation of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment. With reference to FIG. 3, the control which the control apparatus 20 performs in heating operation and defrost operation is demonstrated.
  • the control device 20 determines whether or not the ambient temperature of the first heat exchanger 2 belongs to a temperature range between TH2 and TH1 based on the detection value of the first temperature detector 5. To detect.
  • the relationship TH2 ⁇ TH1 is satisfied.
  • the temperature TH1 is, for example, 5 ° C.
  • the temperature TH2 is, for example, ⁇ 3 ° C.
  • Specific numerical values of the temperature TH1 and the temperature TH2 are not limited to those exemplified here, but the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the temperature range in which the amount of frost formation on the first heat exchanger 2 is likely to increase are the temperature TH1 and the temperature, respectively.
  • TH2 is determined in advance and stored in the storage unit 22.
  • the process proceeds to step S8, and if it belongs (S2; YES), a plurality of second It is detected whether or not the total heating capacity ⁇ Q j of the heat exchangers 4a and 4b during the heating operation is not less than a first value Q that is a predetermined threshold value.
  • the plurality of indoor units 40a and 40b provided in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 of the present embodiment can be set to execute and stop the heating operation individually.
  • the control device 20 calculates the total heating capacity ⁇ Q j by adding the heating capacities of the second heat exchangers 4a and 4b of the indoor units 40a and 40b that are performing the heating operation, and the total heating capacity The process of step S3 is executed by comparing ⁇ Q j with the first value Q.
  • the control device 20 calculates the total heating capacity ⁇ Q j based on the heating capacity information 22 a stored in the storage unit 22.
  • step S4 When the total heating capacity ⁇ Q j is greater than or equal to the first value Q (S3; YES), the process proceeds to step S4, and when it is less than the first value Q (S3; NO), the process proceeds to step S8.
  • step S8 the control device 20 detects whether or not the heating operation time is equal to or longer than a first operation time T11 that is a predetermined threshold value (S8).
  • a first operation time T11 that is a predetermined threshold value (S8).
  • the operation time of the compressor 1 in heating operation is made into heating operation time.
  • the control device 20 measures the operation time of the compressor 1 after starting the heating operation with the timer 11, and compares the measured time with the first operation time T11 to execute the process of step S8.
  • the value of the first operating time T11 is, for example, 50 minutes, but is not limited to this value.
  • step S8 when the heating operation time has reached the first operation time T11, the control device 20 starts the first defrosting operation (S9).
  • the control device 20 controls the refrigerant flow switching device 6 as described above to connect the refrigerant flow discharged from the compressor 1 to the first heat exchanger 2. To do. By doing in this way, the high temperature refrigerant
  • the control device 20 While the operation time of the first defrosting operation is less than the predetermined defrosting time T1 (S10: NO), the control device 20 continues the first defrosting operation, and the operation time of the first defrosting operation is defrosted. If it becomes more than time T1 (S10: YES), the control apparatus 20 will complete
  • the defrosting time T1 of the first defrosting operation can be longer than the defrosting time T2 of the second defrosting operation described later. Although a specific numerical value is not limited, the defrosting time T1 is, for example, 12 minutes.
  • step S4 the control device 20 detects whether the heating operation time is equal to or longer than a second operation time T12 that is a predetermined threshold (S4).
  • a second operation time T12 that is a predetermined threshold
  • the control device 20 measures the operation time of the compressor 1 after starting the heating operation with the timer 11, and compares the measured time with the second operation time T12 to execute the process of step S4.
  • the value of the second operation time T12 is shorter than the first operation time T11 shown in step S8.
  • the second operation time T12 is, for example, 40 minutes.
  • step S4 when the heating operation time becomes equal to or longer than the second operation time T12, the control device 20 starts the second defrosting operation (S5).
  • the control device 20 controls the refrigerant flow switching device 6 as described above to connect the refrigerant flow discharged from the compressor 1 to the first heat exchanger 2. To do. By doing in this way, the high temperature refrigerant
  • the control device 20 While the operation time of the second defrosting operation is less than the predetermined time T2 (S6: NO), the control device 20 continues the second defrosting operation, and the operation time of the second defrosting operation is the defrosting time T2. (S6: YES), the control device 20 ends the second defrosting operation (S7). When the second defrosting operation is finished, the control device 20 starts the heating operation (S1).
  • the defrosting time T2 of the second defrosting operation may be shorter than the defrosting time T1 of the first defrosting operation.
  • the specific numerical value is not limited, the time T2 is, for example, 4 minutes.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the integrated heating capacity of the first defrosting operation according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the integrated heating capacity of the second defrosting operation according to the first embodiment.
  • the vertical axis in FIGS. 4 and 5 indicates the heating capacity of the second heat exchangers 4a and 4b during the heating operation, and the horizontal axis indicates the time. 2 conceptually shows the change in heating capacity through defrosting operation.
  • the ambient temperature of the first heat exchanger 2 functioning as an evaporator and the total heating capacity of the second heat exchangers 4a and 4b during the heating operation.
  • the heating operation is started when the first defrosting operation is selected and when the second defrosting operation is selected.
  • the heating operation time from the start of the defrosting operation is varied.
  • the ambient temperature of the first heat exchanger 2 is within a temperature range in which the amount of frost formation tends to increase (step S2; YES), and the second heat exchange during the heating operation is performed.
  • a condition including that the total heating capacity ⁇ Q j of the devices 4a and 4b is equal to or greater than the first value Q is referred to as a first condition.
  • the heating operation and the first defrosting operation that are performed when the above-described first condition is not satisfied will be described.
  • the heating operation is interrupted and the first defrosting operation is started when the heating operation time is equal to or longer than the first operation time T11 longer than the second operation time T12.
  • the heating capacity increases and reaches a peak, and the heating capacity gradually decreases as the operation time elapses.
  • the decrease in the heating capacity is caused mainly by a decrease in the heat exchange efficiency of the first heat exchanger 2 due to frost adhering to the first heat exchanger 2.
  • the first condition is not satisfied, that is, the ambient temperature of the first heat exchanger 2 is in a temperature range in which the amount of frost formation is difficult to increase, or the total heating capacity of the second heat exchangers 4a and 4b during the heating operation If ⁇ Q j is relatively small and the heat exchange load of the first heat exchanger 2 is also small, it can be said that frost is relatively difficult to adhere to the first heat exchanger 2. For this reason, time T11 of heating operation is lengthened compared with the case where 2nd defrost operation is performed.
  • the first defrosting operation is started with the heating capacity during heating operation being 75% (average).
  • the heating capability over the period consisting of the heating operation and the subsequent defrosting operation is defined as the integrated heating capability. Since the heating capacity becomes substantially zero during the first defrosting operation, the integrated heating capacity over the period consisting of the heating operation and the subsequent first defrosting operation is 60% in the example of FIG. ing.
  • the heating operation and the second defrosting operation that are performed when the first condition described above is satisfied will be described.
  • the heating operation is interrupted and the second defrosting operation is started when the heating operation time reaches a second operation time T12 that is shorter than the first operation time T11.
  • the heating capacity increases and reaches a peak, and the heating capacity gradually decreases as the operation time elapses.
  • the decrease in the heating capacity is caused mainly by a decrease in the heat exchange efficiency of the first heat exchanger 2 due to frost adhering to the first heat exchanger 2.
  • the first condition that is, the ambient temperature of the first heat exchanger 2 is in a temperature range in which the amount of frost formation tends to increase, and the second heat exchangers 4a and 4b in the heating operation
  • the total heating capacity ⁇ Q j is relatively large and the heat exchange load of the first heat exchanger 2 is also large, the heating operation is interrupted in a relatively short time and the second defrosting operation is started.
  • the defrosting operation can be started before the amount of frost formation on the first heat exchanger 2 becomes excessive. And since the defrosting operation is started in a state where the amount of frost on the first heat exchanger 2 is relatively small, the second defrosting operation time can be shortened.
  • the second defrosting operation is started in a state where the heating capacity during the heating operation is 80% (average). During the second defrosting operation, the heating capacity becomes substantially zero.
  • the time of the second defrosting operation may be short as described above, in the example of FIG. A cumulative heating capacity of 70% is obtained throughout the period of the defrosting operation.
  • the time for the second defrosting operation is relatively short, the inclination of the rising of the heating capacity in the heating operation performed after the second defrosting operation is large, and the heating capacity can be reduced in a shorter time than in the case of FIG. Can be raised.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 of the present embodiment includes the compressor 1, the first heat exchanger 2, the plurality of expansion devices 3a and 3b, and the plurality of second heat exchangers 4a and 4b. ing. Then, during the heating operation in which the first heat exchanger 2 functions as an evaporator and at least a part of the plurality of second heat exchangers 4a and 4b functions as a condenser, the surroundings of the first heat exchanger 2 The temperature is detected, the ambient temperature of the first heat exchanger 2, the total heating capacity of the plurality of second heat exchangers 4a and 4b functioning as a condenser, and the operation time of the heating operation, Based on the above, one of the first defrosting operation and the second defrosting operation is selected.
  • the first defrosting operation is started when the operation time of the heating operation reaches the first operation time, and when the second defrosting operation is selected, the operation of the heating operation is started.
  • the time reaches the second operation time shorter than the first operation time, the second defrosting operation is started.
  • the actual frosting state to the 1st heat exchanger 2 used as a defrost object is The defrosting operation can be started at a more reflected timing. Therefore, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the integrated heating capacity in a period including a set of heating operations and a defrosting operation that are continuously executed. In addition, after the second defrosting operation in which the operation time is relatively short, it is possible to shorten the time required for starting up the heating operation that is subsequently performed.
  • the detection value of the first temperature detector 5 that detects the ambient temperature of the first heat exchanger 2 is within the first temperature range, and the total value of the heating capacity When is greater than or equal to the first value, the second defrosting operation with a relatively short time is selected. Therefore, when the amount of frost on the first heat exchanger 2 that is a defrost target is likely to increase, the heating operation can be interrupted early and the second defrost operation can be started. It is possible to suppress a decrease in the integrated heating capacity during a period including a set of heating operation and defrosting operation that are performed.
  • Embodiment 2 FIG.
  • the 2nd temperature detector 12 which detects the surface temperature of the 1st heat exchanger 2 which functions as an evaporator at the time of heating operation and functions as a condenser at the time of defrosting operation is provided, and heating operation and defrosting are provided.
  • the detected value of the second temperature detector 12 is used in operation control.
  • the description will be focused on differences from the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a circuit configuration of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100A according to the second embodiment.
  • a second temperature detector 12 that detects the surface temperature of the first heat exchanger 2 is provided.
  • the 2nd temperature detector 12 detects the surface temperature of the 1st heat exchanger 2 which reflects the frost formation state to the 1st heat exchanger 2 directly or indirectly.
  • the second temperature detector 12 can detect the surface temperature of the pipes constituting the first heat exchanger 2.
  • the second temperature detector 12 may detect the temperature of the refrigerant flowing in the first heat exchanger 2 and detect the surface temperature of the first heat exchanger 2 based on the temperature of the refrigerant.
  • the configuration other than the second temperature detector 12 is the same as that shown in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a functional block diagram of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100A according to the second embodiment.
  • the control device 20 is connected to the second temperature detector 12 so that signals can be transmitted and received.
  • the control device 20 controls the actuator based on the signal input from the second temperature detector 12 in addition to the signal input from the first temperature detector 5 and the timer 11.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating the heating operation and the defrosting operation of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100A according to the second embodiment.
  • the heating operation and the defrosting operation of the present embodiment are different from the first embodiment in the condition for starting the first defrosting operation and the condition for ending the first defrosting operation.
  • the flowchart shown in FIG. 8 is different from the flowchart shown in FIG. 3 of Embodiment 1 in that the processing content of step S8A and step S12A are added.
  • the difference from FIG. 3 will be mainly described.
  • step S8A control device 20 detects whether the heating operation time is equal to or longer than a predetermined first operation time T11. Further, the control device 20 determines whether or not the surface temperature of the first heat exchanger 2 is equal to or lower than a first temperature TH3 that is a predetermined threshold, based on the detection value of the second temperature detector 12.
  • the first temperature TH3 is a temperature for determining the amount of frost formation on the first heat exchanger 2, and the temperature estimated that the amount of frost formation on the first heat exchanger 2 is likely to increase.
  • the first temperature TH3 is preferably a temperature lower than the temperature TH2 in step S2, and is, for example, ⁇ 10 ° C. although a specific numerical value is not limited.
  • the control device 20 When the heating operation time is equal to or longer than the first operation time T11 and the surface temperature of the first heat exchanger 2 is equal to or lower than the first temperature TH3 that is set in advance (S8A; YES), the control device 20 performs the first defrosting. Operation is started (S9).
  • the control device 20 ends the first defrosting operation when the surface temperature of the first heat exchanger 2 becomes equal to or higher than a second temperature TH4 that is a predetermined threshold (S12A; YES).
  • 2nd temperature TH4 is the temperature for determining the amount of frost formation to the 1st heat exchanger 2, and the temperature estimated that defrosting of the 1st heat exchanger 2 was completed is memorized beforehand. Stored in the unit 22.
  • the specific value of the second temperature TH4 is not limited, it is 10 ° C., for example.
  • the control device 20 proceeds to step S10.
  • the processing after step S10 is the same as that described in FIG.
  • the same configuration as that described in the first embodiment is provided, and the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained. Furthermore, in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100A of the present embodiment, when the first defrosting operation is selected, the operation time of the heating operation becomes equal to or longer than the first operation time, and the surface temperature of the first heat exchanger 2 is the first. When the temperature is equal to or lower than 1 temperature TH3, the first defrosting operation is started. Since the first defrosting operation is started based on the surface temperature of the first heat exchanger 2 in which the frosting state on the first heat exchanger 2 is reflected in addition to the operation time of the heating operation, defrosting is necessary. The first heat exchanger 2 can be defrosted by more accurately detecting the timing.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100A of the present embodiment ends the first defrosting operation when the surface temperature of the first heat exchanger 2 becomes equal to or higher than the second temperature TH4 during the first defrosting operation. Since the end timing of the first defrosting operation is determined based on the temperature of the first heat exchanger 2 in which the defrosting state of the first heat exchanger 2, that is, the defrosting state is reflected, the defrosting is insufficient or excessive. Defrosting operation can be suppressed.
  • the control device 20 determines whether or not the surface temperature of the first heat exchanger 2 is equal to or lower than the first temperature TH3. You may determine with the surface temperature of the 1st heat exchanger 2 being below 1st temperature TH3, when time, for example, 3 minutes or more pass.
  • step S12A when the state where the surface temperature of the first heat exchanger 2 is equal to or higher than the second temperature TH4 has elapsed for a predetermined time, for example, 3 minutes or more, the process proceeds to the next step.
  • the detection values output from the first temperature detector 5 and the second temperature detector 12 may vary due to disturbances or the like. However, the detection values described above are determined based on the detection values over a predetermined time. Misjudgments caused by variations can be reduced.
  • the operation frequency of the compressor 1 may be varied according to the ambient temperature of the first heat exchanger 2 functioning as an evaporator.
  • the ambient temperature of the first heat exchanger 2 functioning as an evaporator.
  • the operating frequency of the compressor 1 is controlled to a large value as compared with the case where it is high. By doing in this way, the fall of heating capability is suppressed.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus and the defrosting operation method of the refrigeration cycle apparatus shown in the first and second embodiments can be applied not only to an air conditioner but also to an apparatus using another refrigeration cycle such as a refrigerator.
  • the so-called reverse cycle defrosting operation in which the refrigerant is circulated in the direction opposite to that in the heating operation has been described as an example, but the specific configuration of the defrosting operation is not limited thereto.
  • the processing related to the selection, start and end of the first defrosting operation and the second defrosting operation described in the first and second embodiments is performed by other specific configurations such as a defrosting operation using a heater or hot water. It can also be combined with frost operation.
  • the first defrosting operation shown in the first and second embodiments and the air conditioning apparatus dedicated to heating that does not have the configuration corresponding to the refrigerant flow switching device 6 and the refrigerant flows in one direction Processing related to selection, start, and end of the second defrosting operation can be applied.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif à cycle frigorifique comprenant : un compresseur; un premier échangeur de chaleur; une pluralité de dispositifs d'étranglement; une pluralité de seconds échangeurs de chaleur; un premier détecteur de température servant à détecter la température ambiante autour du premier échangeur de chaleur; une unité de stockage servant à stocker la capacité de chauffage de chaque échangeur parmi la pluralité de seconds échangeurs de chaleur; et un dispositif de commande destiné à mettre à exécution un fonctionnement de chauffage amenant le premier échangeur de chaleur à fonctionner en tant qu'évaporateur et amenant au moins une partie de la pluralité de seconds échangeurs de chaleur à fonctionner en tant que condenseurs. Pendant un fonctionnement de chauffage, le dispositif de commande sélectionne soit un premier fonctionnement de dégivrage, soit un second fonctionnement de dégivrage, en fonction de la valeur détectée par le premier détecteur de température et de la capacité de chauffage totale des seconds échangeurs de chaleur fonctionnant en tant que condenseurs; et si le premier fonctionnement de dégivrage est sélectionné, le dispositif de commande démarre le premier fonctionnement de dégivrage lorsque la durée du fonctionnement de chauffage atteint une première durée de fonctionnement, tandis que si le second fonctionnement de dégivrage est sélectionnée, le dispositif de commande démarre le second fonctionnement de dégivrage lorsque la durée du fonctionnement de chauffage atteint une seconde durée de fonctionnement plus courte que la première durée de fonctionnement.
PCT/JP2017/015123 2017-04-13 2017-04-13 Dispositif à cycle frigorifique et procédé de fonctionnement de dégivrage pour ledit dispositif Ceased WO2018189859A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

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PCT/JP2017/015123 WO2018189859A1 (fr) 2017-04-13 2017-04-13 Dispositif à cycle frigorifique et procédé de fonctionnement de dégivrage pour ledit dispositif
JP2019512125A JP6723442B2 (ja) 2017-04-13 2017-04-13 冷凍サイクル装置及び冷凍サイクル装置の除霜運転方法
GB1913233.1A GB2574541B (en) 2017-04-13 2017-04-13 Refrigeration cycle apparatus and defrosting operation method for the same

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PCT/JP2017/015123 WO2018189859A1 (fr) 2017-04-13 2017-04-13 Dispositif à cycle frigorifique et procédé de fonctionnement de dégivrage pour ledit dispositif

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CN109682017A (zh) * 2018-12-27 2019-04-26 广东美的暖通设备有限公司 空调器加热系统的控制方法及其装置
CN110470021A (zh) * 2019-08-04 2019-11-19 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 用于空调除霜的控制方法及装置、空调
CN110513817A (zh) * 2019-08-26 2019-11-29 Tcl空调器(中山)有限公司 一种空调器制热控制方法及空调器
US11788758B2 (en) 2018-12-27 2023-10-17 Hefei Midea Heating & Ventilating Equipment Co., Ltd. Air conditioner, and control method and device for heating system thereof

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CN113294890B (zh) * 2021-05-07 2022-07-08 宁波奥克斯电气股份有限公司 空调机组的化霜控制方法、装置及空调机组

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CN109682017A (zh) * 2018-12-27 2019-04-26 广东美的暖通设备有限公司 空调器加热系统的控制方法及其装置
US11788758B2 (en) 2018-12-27 2023-10-17 Hefei Midea Heating & Ventilating Equipment Co., Ltd. Air conditioner, and control method and device for heating system thereof
CN110470021A (zh) * 2019-08-04 2019-11-19 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 用于空调除霜的控制方法及装置、空调
CN110470021B (zh) * 2019-08-04 2021-12-21 重庆海尔空调器有限公司 用于空调除霜的控制方法及装置、空调
CN110513817A (zh) * 2019-08-26 2019-11-29 Tcl空调器(中山)有限公司 一种空调器制热控制方法及空调器
CN110513817B (zh) * 2019-08-26 2021-05-18 Tcl空调器(中山)有限公司 一种空调器制热控制方法及空调器

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GB201913233D0 (en) 2019-10-30
JPWO2018189859A1 (ja) 2019-11-14

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