WO2018184177A1 - Standing wave detecting method, standing wave detecting device, and electron gun - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a standing wave detecting method. The standing wave detecting method is used for detecting the standing wave ratio of an antenna (12) of an antenna assembly (10). The standing wave detecting method comprises: (S1) acquiring a measured reflection coefficient of the antenna (12); (S2) acquiring a calibration parameter; (S3) calculating the actual reflection coefficient of the antenna (12) on the basis of the measured reflection coefficient and of the calibration parameter; and (S4) calculating the standing wave ratio of the antenna (12) on the basis of the actual reflection coefficient. Also disclosed are a standing wave detecting device (20) and an electron gun (100). The described standing wave detecting method, the standing wave detecting device (20), and the electron gun (100), when the measured reflection coefficient of the antenna (12) is acquired, also calculate the actual reflection coefficient with respect to the measured reflection coefficient via the calibration parameter, and further calculate the standing wave ratio of the antenna (12) via the actual reflection parameter, and the standing wave ratio of the antenna (12) produced as such is of increased accuracy.

Description

Standing wave detection method, standing wave detecting device and electron gun Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of electronic device technologies, and in particular, to a standing wave detecting method, a standing wave detecting device, and an electron gun.

Background technique

Wireless communication products such as antennas need to perform standing wave detection to obtain the standing wave ratio and evaluate whether the quality of the product meets the requirements by the magnitude of the standing wave ratio. Usually, the VSWR of the product is indirectly measured using components such as a coupler and a detector. Because the accuracy of the components such as the coupler is difficult to guarantee, the measurement result of the standing wave ratio is not accurate enough.

Summary of the invention

Embodiments of the present invention provide a standing wave detecting method, a standing wave detecting device, and an electron gun.

The standing wave detecting method of the embodiment of the present invention is for detecting a standing wave ratio of an antenna of an antenna assembly, and the method includes:

Obtaining a measured reflection coefficient of the antenna;

Obtain calibration parameters;

Calculating an actual reflection coefficient of the antenna according to the measured reflection coefficient and the calibration parameter; and

Calculating a standing wave ratio of the antenna according to the actual reflection coefficient.

A standing wave detecting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is for detecting a standing wave ratio of an antenna of an antenna assembly, the standing wave detecting apparatus including a processor, the processor is configured to:

Obtaining a measured reflection coefficient of the antenna;

Obtain calibration parameters;

Calculating an actual reflection coefficient of the antenna according to the measured reflection coefficient and the calibration parameter; and

Calculating a standing wave ratio of the antenna according to the actual reflection coefficient.

An electron gun according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an antenna assembly and a standing wave detecting device connected to the antenna assembly, the antenna assembly including an antenna, the standing wave detecting device for detecting a standing wave ratio of the antenna, and the standing wave detecting The apparatus includes a processor for:

Obtaining a measured reflection coefficient of the antenna;

Obtain calibration parameters;

Calculating an actual reflection coefficient of the antenna according to the measured reflection coefficient and the calibration parameter; and

Calculating a standing wave ratio of the antenna according to the actual reflection coefficient.

The standing wave detecting method, the standing wave detecting device, and the electron gun are also measured after obtaining the measured reflection coefficient of the antenna. The amount of reflection coefficient calculates the actual reflection coefficient through the calibration parameters, and further calculates the standing wave ratio of the antenna through the actual reflection coefficient, and the obtained antenna standing wave ratio has higher accuracy.

The additional aspects and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows.

DRAWINGS

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from

1 is a schematic flow chart of a standing wave detecting method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic block diagram of an electron gun according to an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic flow chart of a standing wave detecting method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic flow chart of a standing wave detecting method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a schematic block diagram of an electron gun according to an embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a schematic block diagram of an antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

7 is a schematic diagram of a two-port network signal flow of an antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

8 is a schematic flow chart of a standing wave detecting method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

9 is a schematic flow chart of a standing wave detecting method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram of an electron gun according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

11 is a flow chart showing a standing wave detecting method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The main component symbol description:

Electron gun 100, antenna assembly 10, antenna 12, test circuit board 14, signal source 142, bidirectional coupler 144, reverse coupled output 1442, forward coupled output 1444, reflective coupling branch 146, first attenuator 1462 The incident coupling branch 148, the second attenuator 1482, the changeover switch 149, the first port 16, the second port 18, the standing wave detecting device 20, the processor 22, the memory 24, and the detector 26.

detailed description

Embodiments of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions.

In addition, the embodiments of the present invention described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings are merely illustrative of the embodiments of the invention, and are not to be construed as limiting.

In the present invention, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be a direct contact of the first and second features, or the first and second features may be indirectly through an intermediate medium, unless otherwise explicitly stated and defined. contact. Moreover, the first feature "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly above or above the second feature, or merely that the first feature level is higher than the second feature. The first feature "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely that the first feature level is less than the second feature.

In the description of the present specification, the description with reference to the terms "some embodiments", "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples", etc. Particular features, structures, materials or features described in the examples or examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In the present specification, the schematic representation of the above terms is not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, various embodiments or examples described in the specification, as well as features of various embodiments or examples, may be combined and combined.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is understood that the above-described embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. The embodiments are subject to variations, modifications, substitutions and variations.

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the standing wave detecting method according to the embodiment of the present invention is used to detect the standing wave ratio of the antenna 12 of the antenna assembly 10. The standing wave detecting method includes the following steps:

S1: acquiring a measured reflection coefficient of the antenna 12;

S2: obtaining calibration parameters;

S3: calculating an actual reflection coefficient of the antenna 12 according to the measured reflection coefficient and the calibration parameter; and

S4: Calculate the standing wave ratio of the antenna 12 according to the actual reflection coefficient.

The standing wave detecting device 20 of the embodiment of the present invention is for detecting the standing wave ratio of the antenna 12 of the antenna assembly 10. The standing wave detecting device 20 includes a processor 22, and the processor 22 can be used to implement steps S1, S2, S3, and S4. That is, the processor 22 can be used to acquire the measured reflection coefficient of the antenna 12. Processor 22 can be used to obtain calibration parameters. The processor 22 can be configured to calculate an actual reflection coefficient of the antenna 12 based on the reflection coefficient and the calibration parameters. The processor 22 can be used to calculate the standing wave ratio of the antenna 12 based on the actual reflection coefficient.

The standing wave detecting device 20 according to the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the electron gun 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention. In the electron gun 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the standing wave detecting device 20 is connected to the antenna assembly 10 and used to detect the standing wave ratio of the antenna 12. .

The standing wave detecting method, the standing wave detecting device 20, and the electron gun 100 described above acquire the measured reflection coefficient of the antenna 12. Thereafter, the actual reflection coefficient is also calculated by the calibration parameter for the measured reflection coefficient, and the standing wave ratio of the antenna 12 is further calculated by the actual reflection coefficient, whereby the accuracy of the standing wave ratio of the antenna 12 obtained is high.

Specifically, the antenna 12 may transmit or receive electromagnetic waves outward to achieve the purpose of transmitting a signal to an external device or receiving a signal of an external device, or the antenna 12 may also emit electromagnetic waves for the purpose of interfering with communication of an external device. The electromagnetic wave can be a high-frequency electromagnetic wave or a low-frequency electromagnetic wave, such as a radio frequency. The radio frequency can be transmitted in the air and reflected by the ionosphere at the outer edge of the atmosphere to form a long-distance transmission capability.

The electron gun 100 may be a device that uses the antenna assembly 10 to emit electromagnetic waves to the outside to interfere with communication of external devices. For example, the electron gun 100 may be used to transmit electromagnetic waves to the drone to interfere with the drone and the drone remote controller, or the drone and the satellite, etc. The communication between the drones makes the drone lose control.

The reflection coefficient is defined as the ratio of the reflected voltage to the incident voltage. The reflection coefficient is usually used to describe the amplitude and phase relationship between the reflected wave and the incident wave. There is a certain proportional relationship between the reflection coefficient and the standing wave ratio.

The standing wave ratio is an index describing the degree of impedance matching of the antenna 12 port. The magnitude of the standing wave ratio of the antenna 12 port directly affects the transmission and reception efficiency of the signal, thereby affecting the performance of the antenna assembly 10. The larger the standing wave ratio, the lower the port of the antenna 12 The more serious the distribution, the greater the energy cannot be transmitted efficiently. Therefore, by detecting the standing wave ratio of the antenna 12, it can be used to detect whether the antenna 12 is damaged or whether it is normally mounted. The standing wave ratio is defined as the ratio of the antinode voltage to the valley voltage. In order to obtain the standing wave ratio of the antenna 12, the reflection coefficient of the antenna 12 can be measured, and then the standing wave ratio of the antenna 12 can be calculated by the relationship between the standing wave ratio and the reflection coefficient.

Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, in some embodiments, step S2 includes the following sub-steps:

S21: acquiring measurement reflection coefficients of three reference antennas, and actual reflection coefficients of the three reference antennas are known; and

S22: Substituting the three known actual reflection coefficients and the measured reflection coefficients of the corresponding three reference antennas into the following first equation and calculating the calibration parameters: Г ₂ A+B-Г ₂ Г ₁ C=Г ₁ , wherein Г ₁ is the measured reflection coefficient, Г ₂ is the actual reflection coefficient, and A, B, and C are calibration parameters.

In some embodiments, the standing wave detecting device 20 further includes a memory 24 for storing the first equation: Г ₂ A + B - Г ₂ Г ₁ C = Г ₁ , and may also store the actual of the three reference antennas. The reflection coefficient, where Г ₁ is the measured reflection coefficient, Г ₂ is the actual reflection coefficient, and A, B, and C are calibration parameters.

Processor 22 can also be used to implement steps S21 and S22. That is to say, the processor 22 is also used to acquire the measured reflection coefficients of the three reference antennas, and the actual reflection coefficients of the three reference antennas are known. The processor 22 is further configured to substitute three known actual reflection coefficients and corresponding measured reflection coefficients into the first equation and calculate calibration parameters. The processor 22 is coupled to the memory 24.

Specifically, assuming that the known actual reflection coefficients of the three reference antennas are Г' _S , Г ' _O and Г ' _L , respectively, the measured reflection coefficients of the three reference antennas acquired by the processor 22 are Г _S , Г _O and Г _L , processor 22 substitutes Г′ _S and Г _S , Г′ _O and Г _O , Г′ _L and Г _L into the first equation, respectively, to obtain a system of equations in which three equations are connected:

Further, the processor 22 calculates the above equations to obtain calibration parameters A, B, and C:

It can be understood that in the antenna assembly 10, the antenna 12 can be regarded as a kind of load in the antenna assembly 10, and the reference antenna is used instead of the antenna 12 as a load in the antenna assembly 10. The measured reflection coefficient of the reference antenna can be obtained by the processor 22. . In some embodiments, the reference antenna can be one or more of an open load, a shorted load, and a matched load. In one embodiment, the three reference antennas may be three of an open load, a short load, and a matched load, for example, the first reference antenna is an open load, the second reference antenna is a short circuit load, and the third reference antenna is a matched load. In another embodiment, two of the three reference antennas may be any two of an open load, a short load, and a matched load, and the other reference antenna is the rest of the load, for example, the first reference antenna is an open load, The second reference antenna is a short-circuit load, the third reference antenna is an open load, a short-circuit load, and a load other than the matched load, or the first reference antenna is an open load, the second reference antenna is a matched load, and the third reference antenna is an open load. , short-circuit load and load outside the matching load. In still another embodiment, one of the three reference antennas may be any one of an open load, a short load, and a matched load, and the other two reference antennas are the remaining types of loads, for example, the first reference antenna is an open load, The second reference antenna and the third reference antenna are both an open load, a short-circuit load, and a load other than the matched load, or the first reference antenna is a short-circuit load, and the second reference antenna and the third reference antenna are open load, short-circuit load, and matching. Load outside the load.

The actual reflection coefficients of the open circuit load, the short circuit load, and the matched load are +1, -1, and 0, respectively, and are not easily changed with changes in the environment, thus ensuring the accuracy of the calibration parameters calculated by the processor 22.

Referring to FIG 4, in some embodiments, the step S3 comprising Step S31: according to the following equation to calculate the actual second reflection _{coefficient: Г 2 = (Г 1 -B} ) / (A-CГ 1), wherein, Г ₁ is The reflection coefficient is measured, Г ₂ is the actual reflection coefficient, and A, B, and C are calibration parameters.

Referring to FIG. 5, in some embodiments, the standing wave detecting device 20 further includes a memory 24 for storing a second equation: Г ₂ = (Г ₁ - B) / (A - C Г ₁ ), wherein Г ₁ is the measured reflection coefficient, Г ₂ is the actual reflection coefficient, and A, B, and C are calibration parameters. The memory 24 can also be used to store calibration parameters A, B, C. The processor 22 can also be used to implement step S31, that is, the processor 22 can also be used to calculate the actual reflection coefficient in accordance with the second equation. Specifically, the processor 22 can also be used to substitute the measured reflection coefficient and the calibration parameter into the second equation and calculate the actual reflection coefficient.

Specifically, in conjunction with FIG. 6, the network relationship between the first port 16 of the antenna assembly 10 connected to the standing wave detecting device 20 and the second port 18 of the antenna assembly 10 connected to the antenna 12 can be abstractly equivalent to a two-port network. . The ports (16, 18) have both incident and reflected waves, and the reflection coefficients of the ports (16, 18) are the ratio of the reflected wave power to the incident wave power.

Referring to FIG. 7, FIG. 7 is a signal flow diagram of a two-port network in which the network relationship between the first port 16 and the second port 18 is abstractly equivalent, wherein the first port 16 is abstracted to receive the first node a ₁ . a port 16, the incident, reflected and transmitted waves 16 from the first port node b _1. The second port 18 is abstracted to receive the incident wave of the second port 18 from the node a ₂ and the reflected wave of the second port 18 from the node b ₂ . The gain of node a ₁ to node b ₁ is S ₁₁ , the gain of node a ₁ to node b ₂ is S ₂₁ , the gain of node a ₂ to node b ₁ is S ₁₂ , and the gain of node a ₂ to node b ₂ is S ₂₂ , each of the above gains is related to the nature of the antenna assembly 10 itself.

It can be understood that the first port 16 is a port that the antenna component 10 is connected to the standing wave detecting device 20. The reflection coefficient of the antenna 12 directly detected by the first port 16 is a measured reflection coefficient. Specifically, the measured reflection coefficient Г ₁ can be used. The gain from node b ₁ to node a ₁ is represented, that is, Г ₁ =b ₁ /a ₁ . The second port 18 is the connection port of the antenna 12 on the antenna assembly 10, and the actual reflection coefficient Г ₂ can be expressed by the gain of the node b ₂ to the node a ₂ , that is, Г ₂ =b ₂ /a ₂ .

According to the relationship between the signal powers of the nodes of the two-port network, the relationship between the signal power of the nodes b ₁ and b ₂ and the gains is: b ₁ = a ₁ S ₁₁ + a ₂ S ₁₂ , b ₂ = a ₁ S ₂₁ +a ₂ S ₂₂ , therefore, the relationship between the measured reflection coefficient Г ₁ and the actual reflection coefficient Г ₂ can be further obtained as follows:

也就是：

即是得到第二方程式。Let A=S ₁₂ S ₂₁ -S ₁₁ S ₂₂ , B=S ₁₁ , C=-S ₂₂ , A, B and C can be used as calibration parameters for calculating the measured reflection coefficient Г directly measured by the first port 16 ₁ . Then, the relationship between the measured reflection coefficient Г ₁ and the actual reflection coefficient Г ₂ can be recorded as:

That is:

That is, the second equation is obtained.

The above second equation is transformed to obtain: Г ₂ A + B - Г ₂ Г ₁ C = Г ₁ , that is, the first equation is obtained.

Referring to FIG. 8, in some embodiments, step S4 includes step S41: calculating a standing wave ratio according to the following third-party program: VSWR=(1+Г ₂ )/(1-Г ₂ ), where VSWR is a standing wave Ratio, Г ₂ is the actual reflection coefficient.

Referring to FIG. 5 again, in some embodiments, the standing wave detecting device 20 further includes a memory 24 for storing a third-party program: VSWR=(1+Г ₂ )/(1-Г ₂ ), wherein VSWR is the standing wave ratio and Г ₂ is the actual reflection coefficient. The processor 22 can also be used to implement step S41, that is, the processor 22 can also be used to calculate the standing wave ratio according to a third party program. In particular, processor 22 can be used to substitute the actual reflection coefficient Г ₂ into a third party program to calculate the standing wave ratio VSWR.

Referring to FIG. 9, in some embodiments, step S1 includes the steps of:

S11: detecting incident wave power and reflected wave power of the antenna 12; and

S12: Calculating the measured reflection coefficient according to the incident wave power, the reflected wave power, and the following fourth equation: Г ₁ = b/a, where Г ₁ is the measured reflection coefficient, b is the reflected wave power, and a is the incident wave power.

Referring to FIG. 10, in some embodiments, the standing wave detecting device 20 further includes a detector 26 and a memory 24. The memory 24 is used to store the fourth equation: Г ₁ = b / a, where Г ₁ is the measured reflection coefficient, b is the reflected wave power, and a is the incident wave power. Detector 26 and processor 22 can be used to implement steps S11 and S12, respectively. That is, the detector 26 can be used to detect the incident wave power and the reflected wave power of the antenna 12. The processor 22 can also be used to calculate a measured reflection coefficient in accordance with the fourth equation. Specifically, the processor 22 can be used to substitute the incident wave power and the reflected wave power detected by the detector 26 into the fourth equation, and calculate the measured reflection coefficient.

In particular, detector 26 is a means for detecting some useful information in the heartbeat, means for identifying the presence or variation of a wave, oscillation or signal. One end of the detector 26 is coupled to the antenna assembly 10 for equivalent detection of the incident wave power and reflected wave power of the antenna 12, and the other end of the detector 26 is coupled to the processor 22 for providing the detected incidence to the processor 22. As a result of the wave power and reflected wave power, preferably, the detector 26 is coupled to the antenna assembly 10 via a plug interface to facilitate disassembly and assembly of the detector 26.

Referring to FIG. 6, FIG. 10 and FIG. 11, in some embodiments, the antenna assembly 10 further includes a test circuit board 14 including an incident coupling branch 148 for detecting the incident wave power of the antenna 12, and a reflection coupling branch 146 for detecting the reflected wave power of the antenna 12, the step S11 comprising the steps of:

S111: detecting incident wave power through the incident coupling branch 148; and

S112: The reflected wave power is detected by the reflection coupling branch 146.

In some embodiments, the antenna assembly 10 further includes a test circuit board 14 that includes an incident coupling branch 148 for detecting the incident wave power of the antenna 12, and a reflection for detecting the reflected wave power of the antenna 12. Coupled branch 146, detector 26 can be used to implement steps S111 and S112, that is, detector 26 can be used to detect incident wave power through incident coupling branch 148 and to detect reflected wave power through reflective coupling branch 146.

It should be noted that the implementation sequence of step S111 and step S112 may be: first step S111 and then step S112, or step S112 and step S111.

In particular, the incident coupling branch 148 is used to equivalently output the incident wave of the antenna 12, the reflective coupling branch 146 is used to equivalently output the reflected wave of the antenna 12, and the detector 26 can detect the antenna when connected to the incident coupling branch 148. The incident wave power of 12, when connected to the reflection coupling branch 146, can detect the reflected wave power of the antenna 12.

Referring again to FIG. 10, in some embodiments, test circuit board 14 further includes a signal source 142, a bidirectional coupler 144, and a changeover switch 149. Signal source 142 is used to generate a signal. Bidirectional coupler 144 is coupled to signal source 142 and antenna 12 and is used to couple forward and reverse power between signal source 142 and antenna 12 for use by incident coupling branch 148 and reflective coupling branch 146. Switching switch 149 is used to switchably connect detector 26 to incident coupling branch 148 or reflective coupling branch 146.

That is, the bidirectional coupler 144 couples the incident waves generated by the signal source 142 to the antenna 12 and the incident coupling branch 148, respectively, while coupling the reflected wave portion of the antenna 12 to the reflective coupling branch 146. In particular, the bidirectional coupler 144 couples the reflected waves of the antenna 12 to the outcoupling output 1442 and into the reflective coupling branch 146, and couples the incident waves generated by the signal source 142 to the forward coupled output 1444 and into Incident coupling branch 148. Switch 149 can connect incident coupling branch 148 or reflective coupling branch 146 to detector 26.

Referring to FIG. 6, in some embodiments, the reflective coupling branch 146 includes a first attenuator 1462 that is coupled between the reverse coupled output 1442 of the bidirectional coupler 144 and the diverter switch 149.

As such, the first attenuator 1462 can be used to adjust the reflected wave power of the reflective coupling branch 146 such that the reflected wave power falls within the detection range of the detector 26, ensuring that the detection result of the detector 26 is more accurate.

In some embodiments, the incident coupling branch 148 includes a second attenuator 1482 that is coupled between the forward coupled output 1444 of the bidirectional coupler 144 and the diverter switch 149.

As such, the second attenuator 1482 can be used to adjust the incident wave power of the incident coupling branch 148 such that the incident wave power falls within the detection range of the detector 26, ensuring that the detection result of the detector 26 is more accurate.

In the description of the present specification, reference is made to the terms "some embodiments", "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "example", "specific examples", or "some examples" Description means combining the embodiments Particular features, structures, materials or features described in the examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In the present specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily mean the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Moreover, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defining "first" or "second" may include at least one of the features, either explicitly or implicitly. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, for example two, three, unless specifically defined otherwise.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is understood that the above-described embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (25)

A standing wave detecting method for detecting a standing wave ratio of an antenna of an antenna assembly, characterized in that the method comprises: Obtaining a measured reflection coefficient of the antenna; Obtain calibration parameters; Calculating an actual reflection coefficient of the antenna according to the measured reflection coefficient and the calibration parameter; and Calculating a standing wave ratio of the antenna according to the actual reflection coefficient. The standing wave detecting method according to claim 1, wherein the acquiring calibration parameters comprises: Obtaining measured reflection coefficients of three reference antennas, the actual reflection coefficients of the three reference antennas being known; and Substituting the three known actual reflection coefficients and the measured reflection coefficients of the corresponding three of the reference antennas into the following first equation and calculating the calibration parameter: Г ₂ A+B-Г ₂ Г ₁ C = Г ₁ , where Г ₁ is the measured reflection coefficient, Г ₂ is the actual reflection coefficient, and A, B, and C are the calibration parameters. The standing wave detecting method according to claim 2, wherein the reference antenna comprises one or more of the following loads: an open load, a short load, and a matched load. The standing wave detecting method according to claim 1, wherein the calculating the actual reflection coefficient of the antenna according to the measured reflection coefficient and the calibration parameter comprises: Calculates the actual reflection coefficient according to the following second _{equation: Г 2 = (Г 1 -B} ) / (A-CГ 1), wherein, Г ₁ to the reflection coefficient measurement, Г ₂ is the actual reflection coefficient, A , B, C are the calibration parameters. The standing wave detecting method according to claim 1, wherein the step of calculating the standing wave ratio of the antenna according to the actual reflection coefficient comprises the following steps: The standing wave ratio is calculated according to the following third party program: VSWR = (1 + Г ₂ ) / (1 - Г ₂ ), where VSWR is the standing wave ratio and Г ₂ is the actual reflection coefficient. The standing wave detecting method according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining the measured reflection coefficient of the antenna comprises: Detecting incident wave power and reflected wave power of the antenna; and Calculating the measured reflection coefficient according to the fourth equation: Г ₁ = b / a, wherein Г ₁ is the measured reflection coefficient, b is the reflected wave power, and a is the incident wave power. The standing wave detecting method according to claim 6, wherein the antenna assembly further comprises a test circuit board, wherein the test circuit board includes an incident coupling branch for detecting an incident wave power of the antenna, and And a reflection coupling branch for detecting a reflected wave power of the antenna, wherein detecting the incident wave power and the reflected wave power of the antenna includes: Detecting the incident wave power through the incident coupling branch; and The reflected wave power is detected by the reflection coupling branch. A standing wave detecting device for detecting a standing wave ratio of an antenna of an antenna assembly, wherein the standing wave detecting device includes a processor, and the processor is configured to: Obtaining a measured reflection coefficient of the antenna; Obtain calibration parameters; Calculating an actual reflection coefficient of the antenna according to the measured reflection coefficient and the calibration parameter; and Calculating a standing wave ratio of the antenna according to the actual reflection coefficient. The standing wave detecting apparatus according to claim 8, wherein said standing wave detecting means further comprises a memory for storing the first equation: Г ₂ A + B - Г ₂ Г ₁ C = Г ₁ Where Г ₁ is the measured reflection coefficient, Г ₂ is the actual reflection coefficient, and A, B, and C are the calibration parameters, and the processor is further configured to: Obtaining measured reflection coefficients of three reference antennas, the actual reflection coefficients of the three reference antennas being known; and Three known actual reflection coefficients and corresponding measured reflection coefficients are substituted into the first equation and the calibration parameters are calculated. The standing wave detecting apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the reference antenna comprises one or more of the following loads: an open load, a short load, and a matching load. The standing wave detecting device according to claim 8, wherein said standing wave detecting means further comprises a memory for storing a second equation: Г ₂ = (Г ₁ - B) / (A - CГ ₁ ), wherein Г ₁ is the measured reflection coefficient, Г ₂ is the actual reflection coefficient, A, B, and C are the calibration parameters, and the processor is further configured to calculate the method according to the second equation Actual reflection coefficient. The standing wave detecting apparatus according to claim 8, wherein said standing wave detecting means further comprises a memory for storing a third-party program: VSWR = (1 + Г ₂ ) / (1 - Г ₂ And wherein VSWR is the standing wave ratio, Г ₂ is the actual reflection coefficient, and the processor is further configured to calculate the standing wave ratio according to the third party program. The standing wave detecting device according to claim 8, wherein the standing wave detecting device further comprises: a detector for detecting incident wave power and reflected wave power of the antenna; and a memory for storing a fourth equation: Г ₁ =b/a, wherein Г ₁ is the measured reflection coefficient, b is the reflected wave power, and a is the incident wave power; The processor is further configured to calculate the measured reflection coefficient according to the fourth equation. The standing wave detecting apparatus according to claim 13, wherein said antenna assembly further comprises a test circuit board including an incident coupling branch for detecting an incident wave power of said antenna, and a reflection coupling branch for detecting a reflected wave power of the antenna, the detector being further configured to: Detecting the incident wave power through the incident coupling branch; and The reflected wave power is detected by the reflection coupling branch. The standing wave detecting device according to claim 14, wherein the test circuit board further comprises: a signal source for generating a signal; a bidirectional coupler coupled to the signal source and the antenna for coupling forward and reverse power between the signal source and the antenna for the incident coupling branch and the reflection Coupling branch use; and A diverter switch for switchably connecting the detector to the incident coupling branch or the reflective coupling branch. The standing wave detecting apparatus according to claim 15, wherein said reflection coupling branch includes a first attenuator connected between a reverse coupling output end of said two-way coupler and said switching switch. The standing wave detecting device according to claim 16, wherein said incident coupling branch comprises a connection a second attenuator between the forward coupled output of the bidirectional coupler and the switch. An electron gun, comprising: an antenna assembly, and a standing wave detecting device connected to the antenna assembly, the antenna assembly including an antenna, the standing wave detecting device for detecting a standing wave ratio of the antenna, The standing wave detecting device includes a processor for: Obtaining a measured reflection coefficient of the antenna; Obtain calibration parameters; Calculating an actual reflection coefficient of the antenna according to the measured reflection coefficient and the calibration parameter; and Calculating a standing wave ratio of the antenna according to the actual reflection coefficient. The electron gun according to claim 18, wherein said standing wave detecting means further comprises a memory for storing a first equation: Г ₂ A + B - Г ₂ Г ₁ C = Г ₁ , wherein Г ₁ is the measured reflection coefficient, Г ₂ is the actual reflection coefficient, and A, B, and C are the calibration parameters, and the processor is further configured to: Obtaining three of the measured reflection coefficients of three reference antennas of known actual reflection coefficients; and Three known actual reflection coefficients and corresponding measured reflection coefficients are substituted into the first equation and the calibration parameters are calculated. The electron gun of claim 19, wherein the reference antenna comprises one or more of the following loads: an open load, a short load, and a matched load. The electron gun according to claim 18, wherein said standing wave detecting means further comprises a memory for storing a second equation: Г ₂ = (Г ₁ - B) / (A - C Г ₁ ), Where Г ₁ is the measured reflection coefficient, Г ₂ is the actual reflection coefficient, A, B, and C are the calibration parameters, and the processor is further configured to substitute the measured reflection coefficient and the calibration parameter The second equation calculates the actual reflection coefficient. The electron gun according to claim 18, wherein said standing wave detecting means further comprises a memory for storing a third party program: VSWR = (1 + Г ₂ ) / (1 - Г ₂ ), wherein VSWR is the standing wave ratio, Г ₂ is the actual reflection coefficient, and the processor is further configured to substitute the actual reflection coefficient into the third-party program and calculate the standing wave ratio. The electron gun according to claim 18, wherein the standing wave detecting device further comprises: a detector for detecting incident wave power and reflected wave power of the antenna; and a memory for storing a fourth equation: Г ₁ =b/a, wherein Г ₁ is the measured reflection coefficient, b is the reflected wave power, and a is the incident wave power; The processor is further configured to substitute the incident wave power and the reflected wave power into the fourth equation and calculate the measured reflection coefficient. The electron gun according to claim 23, wherein said antenna assembly further comprises a test circuit board, said test circuit board comprising an incident coupling branch for detecting an incident wave power of said antenna, and for detecting A reflection coupling branch of the reflected wave power of the antenna, the detector also being used to: Detecting the incident wave power through the incident coupling branch; and The reflected wave power is detected by the reflection coupling branch. The electron gun according to claim 24, wherein the test circuit board further comprises: a signal source for generating a signal; a bidirectional coupler coupled to the signal source and the antenna for coupling forward and reverse power between the signal source and the antenna for the incident coupling branch and the reflection Coupling branch use; and A diverter switch for switchably connecting the detector to the incident coupling branch or the reflective coupling branch.

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