WO2018178893A1 - Unsinkable platform for land exposed to harsh climate risks and conditions - Google Patents

Abstract

A residential or leisure unit for flood zones, comprising a fixed part embedded in the ground, formed by a concrete block based on three piles inside and around which a moving part having a circular or polygonal shape slides vertically thanks to a lifting device, comprising a floor secured to the mobile base, facades topped with a roof, the assembly being composed of interchangeable modular elements configured to be assembled manually.

Description

 Unsinkable Platform for Land Exposed to Hazards and Climatic Hazards TECHNICAL FIELD

 The floods are of natural origin, but today, the experts have been able to note the increase of their frequency due to the global warming. The impermeability of soils along waterways and seashores, a direct consequence of intensive urbanization, also contributes to flooding in areas previously spared. The global rise in sea levels and the floods caused by these climate changes are inexorable. For these reasons, future constructions must adapt to these new configurations and make it possible to reclaim coastal areas, while ensuring a minimum level of protection for goods and people.

 We can distinguish 3 families of construction to face the threat of floods:

- Traditional fixed construction over water

 - Traditional floating construction in a double hull

 - Floating lightweight construction with or without anchor

STATE OF THE ART

PITERAC (Insubmersible Platform for Exposed Land to Hazards and Climatic Hazards) is a lightweight floating construction with anchorage.

In what follows, we present 6 state-of-the-art processes:

 (a) "Floating construction" according to International Publication No. WO2007030013 (A2) - 2007.03.15

It is a floating pontoon whose buoyancy is ensured by air trapped in boxes or by polystyrene blocks. The tightness of the compartments between them does not prevent Titanic syndrome and the durability of polystyrene blocks exposed to debris carried by the flow is not guaranteed. The conditions of transport and launching of bulky and heavy elements are not specified, but require significant resources. The superstructure of the pontoon can generate instability due to the loads and the wind resistance which can not be compensated by the ballast alone because it jeopardizes the buoyancy of the whole. The anchorage of the building not being described, this one could be moved by the flow away from its usual parking place. This patent differs from PITERAC at least in its general concept closer to the floating barge.

 (b) "Floating house in the lands" according to International Publication No. W09513212 - 1995.05.18

 It is a house built on jacks expandable in height. The horizontal stability of the house can not be assured by the only cylinders exposed to the force of the current especially for an elevation of 18 feet. Debris carried by the flow may disrupt the descent during the ebb and render the building unusable for the next flood. The conditions of survival of the occupants during a flood do not seem to have been taken into account, especially if the public networks are damaged by the flood. This device differs from PITERAC at least by its concept of guidance, elevation and the shape of the module.

 c) "The arrangement of a movable construction between 2 positions, one in support of the ground and the other floating" according to International Publication No. WO03031732 (A1) - 2003.04.17

 It is a floating construction carried out around piles planted vertically in the ground, which rises during flooding. The position of the vertical guides, determined by the theoretical direction of water flow, does not ensure the lateral stability of the building with cross currents formed by the eddies. The protection of the caissons in the underside is not planned and during the ebb, the presence of debris may damage the building during the descent. The guidance system around the piles occupies an important place reducing the useful surface of the construction. This device differs from PITERAC at least by its concept of guidance, elevation and the shape of the module.

 d) "house with compass" according to European Publication No. EP 2 580 708 - 18.04.1985

It is a traditional house built on a base that rises thanks to a big central cylinder, stabilized by a double compass. This elevation system, different from PITERAC, seems to lack lateral stability especially with a transverse current. In addition, the central lifting with a single cylinder seems very daring because it generates significant efforts, see deformations in the structure of the floor. e) "House on piles" according to the patent application No. CZ20120330A3 - 20.05.2012

 It is a traditional house built on a mesh of concrete sills based on solid piles. The house can be elevated thanks to several extensible cylinders placed at 4 angles guided by a system of sliding profiles. This elevation system, requires perfect coordination of all cylinders during lifting operations to avoid twisting the structure of the house. On the other hand, the lateral bracing of the building subjected to the currents seems insufficient because it is not assured that the recovery of the square section profile in which slides the cylinder. This system differs from PITERAC at least by its lifting system with cylinders and by the fact that it requires the implementation of a system of traditional foundations footings + longrines on piles.

 f) "House on piles" according to the patent publication No. US 6 050 207 - 18.04.2000 This is a traditional house built on a set of full piles. Elevation seems possible thanks to a system of cylinders arranged at the corners. As for the previous patent application, we find at least the same differences with PITERAC: lifting system by extensible cylinders, traditional foundations and the same disadvantages: lack of horizontal stability and lateral bracing uninsured with currents.

 g) "capsule house" according to International Publication No. WO 2007110489 A1 - 4.10.2007

It is a diamond-shaped house designed for seismic, flood, and cyclonic zones. This international publication, interesting on the theoretical level, proposes complex solutions by wanting to answer several situations which require contradictory treatments: model "Achille" static in a fixed shelter, model "Icare" rising vertically with cylinders on a axis central, model "Atlantis" mounted on a ball joint and closed by a cover. The very precise patent in his drawings and descriptions seems to be related to either a buried atomic shelter or a space capsule, with far too much detail that makes it difficult to interpret. The hexagonal shape of the module in top view could be similar to PITERAC but the vertical section rather shows a diamond-shaped shape below and above. For the rest, the differences with PITERAC are at least the following: the system the fact that the module is encapsulated in a shell, the composition of the structure and the characteristics of the coatings are not specified, it is difficult to establish how the capsule can float in the water and take advantage of the altitude with balloons.

Objectives of the invention

 It can be noted that the techniques known to date do not take into account, or not enough, the 10 criteria listed below, in order to provide an appropriate and comprehensive response to the risks generated by the floods:

1. Industrialization: the concept must allow mass prefabrication because it is not a question of building a single prototype but a duplicable building to reduce costs: it must not exceed the price of a caravan.

 2. Exportability: the construction must be exportable in all exposed countries and must be able to adapt to the specificity of each country: the legislation of Western countries which is more restrictive will be taken into account.

 3. Transport: the building must be delivered in a package optimized in volume and weight to be easily transportable: volume / weight of the package = 20m3 / 3,5T.

4. Simplicity: the assembly must be manual and secure, to be carried out by unqualified and unqualified personnel: kit and assembly instructions.

5. The speed of implementation: the construction time must be optimized to allow rapid assembly in an emergency situation or during the phases of preventive deployment: construction time 7 to 10 days.

 6. Modularity: the concept must make it possible to assemble several modules together to constitute islands of life: neighborhood of 3 to 7 modules.

 7. Durability: the construction must be dismountable partially or completely in order to be moved, reassembled or repaired with interchangeable elements: displacement of the dismantled module by towing.

8. Serviceability: the operating constraints must be perfectly defined, such as operating loads, permissible water head, resistance to wind and current: see specifications. 9. Autonomy: the conditions of survival must be defined when the public networks are damaged by the flood: substitution energy, water supply, electricity: see specifications.

 10. The ecological factor: the use of low-carbon components, reusable, recyclable or locally manufactured materials should be favored. The overall carbon footprint must integrate all phases of manufacturing, from construction to deconstruction: see carbon footprint.

PITERAC seeks to meet each of these 10 criteria.

Summary of the invention

 The invention proposes a housing module or activities for flood zones, comprising a fixed part embedded in the ground, formed by a concrete block based on 3 piles inside or around which slides vertically through a device of elevation a mobile portion of circular or polygonal shape, comprising a floor integral with the mobile base, facades surmounted by a roof, the assembly being composed of modular elements, interchangeable, configured to be assembled manually.

In one embodiment, the module comprises a common base of shape and dimensions, usable either in elevation above the ground according to a module (M1), or on one level according to a module (M2).

In yet another embodiment, the module is characterized by a circular or polygonal geometry allowing assembly modularity by bringing together several modules together according to the configuration chosen, ideally with a hexagonal shape by island juxtaposition of 3 units or nest bee up to 7 units thanks to assembly joints to be fixed on a rim profile.

In yet another embodiment, the fixed part embedded in the ground is a fixed base shaped tripode anchored on 3 steel piles arranged at each corner of the triangular base and capped by a concrete slab embedded at ground level in which have been previously reserved in the center of the sleeves for connections to drinking water supply, electricity or wastewater.

In yet another embodiment, the realization of the fixed base is the result of a construction method characterized by a procedure that allows after execution of the concrete slab, a manual sinking preferably or otherwise mechanical, by screwing, by threshing and / or hydraulic driving of the piles by combining the three techniques while ensuring their precise implantation thanks to the template previously incorporated into the concrete block so as to obtain a satisfactory verticality for their future use.

In yet another embodiment, the mobile part is a hexagonal aluminum mobile structure, fixed on 3 sliding steel tubes in the 3 anchored piles, the assembly supporting the floor of the platform with 6 triangular trusses located at each angle. for a first version (M1), or thanks to 6 beams held by shrouds arranged at each corner in partition walls for a second version (M2).

In yet another embodiment, the module further comprises a device consisting of 6 inflatable floats disposed in each of the prisms making up the mobile base of the first version (M1), or by a device of rack poles actuated by a fixed winch to the mobile base of the second version (M2), allowing for each case the elevation of the platform during flooding, manually and / or electrically, with or without automatic triggering.

In yet another embodiment, the module is characterized by a fully manual construction mode for assembling safely before mounting the facades, the roof on the central mast, the latter being composed of a tarpaulin stretched over a structure triangulated aluminum, reinforced by joists, the assembly fixed for a first module (M1) on a tube equipped with a watch sliding around the central mast, then to hoist everything thanks to the ratchet winch associated with a double pulley or the set set for a second module (M2) at the head of the mast, and then deployed as an umbrella through a ratchet winch connected to a cable device mounted on the collar. In yet another embodiment, the module is characterized by a fully manual construction mode, for erecting the modular facade panels by interlocking in the corner or central posts, the assembly, once achieved being surrounded by the roof that will be fixed at the top of the walls through a peripheral profile forming a gutter and each angle is connected to the central core by tie rods radiating at the top.

In yet another embodiment, the module comprises a set of devices for replacing the public networks in the superstructure such as photovoltaic panels fixed at the top of the mast, supplying storage batteries located in the lookout that produce electricity from the tower. rescue, as well as rainwater recovery drums, filtered and softened after being collected by the funnel formed by the solar panels, all ensuring autonomy of survival during flooding.

In yet another embodiment, the module comprises a completely manual construction system, allowing prefabrication of ready-to-assemble kit elements at the assembly site, all delivered in a single package of volume and weight optimized for a transport by truck, shipping container and its transport by cargo plane or helicopter on the affected areas.

In yet another embodiment, all the elements, except the elements of the recessed base, are configured to be assembled, disassembled, reassembled manually by means of an assembly - disassembly and thus constitute a towable package with a double axle. 4 wheels fixed directly on the mobile base which thus constitutes a rolling loading basket equipped with a drawbar formed by one of the tubes equipped with a retractable coupling sleeve.

In yet another embodiment, the 3 piles anchored in the ground are configured to be re-raised each by a hollow tube screwed into the pile anchored in the ground, emerging from the concrete block of a suitable height, so as to allow the party movable first and second modules (M 1 and M2) to slide vertically through the 3 vertical tubes of a larger diameter thus allowing sufficient clearance to ensure elevation and avoid corrosion due to friction between steels or salinity of l air and water.

Brief description of the drawings

 The invention will be better understood through the description of preferred exemplary embodiments and with reference to the drawings, in which

Figure 1 illustrates a recessed base 1 in perspective, according to one embodiment of the invention;

Figure 2.1 illustrates a mobile base 2, according to a plan view and elevation of a module M1 in normal situation, according to one embodiment of the invention;

Figure 2.2 illustrates a mobile base 2, plan and elevation of a module M2 in normal situation, according to one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2-3 illustrates the mobile base 2, elevation of the module M2 in a flood situation, according to one embodiment of the invention;

Figure 3 shows a floor 3, vertical section according to the modules M1 and M2, according to one embodiment of the invention;

Figure 4 shows a roof 4, vertical section before and after mounting according to the modules M1 and M2, according to one embodiment of the invention;

Figure 5 shows facades 5, elevation and partial plan view, according to one embodiment of the invention;

Figure 6 shows equipment 6, plan and elevation, according to one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 7 illustrates a common principle of elevation design of the modules M 1 and M 2, according to one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 8 shows particular features, according to the principle section of the modules M1 and M2, according to one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 9 illustrates a principle of assembling modules in islands or honeycombs, according to one embodiment of the invention;

Figure 10 is a perspective of the modules M1 and M2, according to one embodiment of the invention; FIG. 11 is intended to illustrate a principle of towing the module during the displacement of the platform, according to one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 12-1 illustrates a variant mobile base 2 with platform M1 sliding on fixed piles, according to one embodiment of the invention; and

Figure 12-2 illustrates a variant mobile base 2 with sliding platform M2 on fixed piles, according to one embodiment of the invention.

Detailed description of embodiments of the invention

 PITERAC is a life module for flood zones. PITERAC comes in 2 versions with a common base, the dimensions and the outer shell are identical in the 2 versions according to the drawings below.

The outer shape of the module can be circular or polygonal (from the triangle to the dodecagon). However, the shape that seems most relevant for this concept is the hexagon, so it is a hexagonal platform that is represented in the figures. The concept of this innovation can be transposed to the other forms mentioned above.

Figure 7: elevation and principle common to modules M 1 on the left, M2 on the right, during a flood

 - An embedded base 1 in the ground serving as anchor: constituent elements indicated in tens (1 1, 12, 13, -)

 - A mobile base 2 sliding in the recessed base 1 or around the raised piles: constituent elements indicated in twenty (21, 22, 23, -)

 - A floor 3 fixed on the mobile base 2: constituent elements indicated in thirty (31, 32, 33, -)

 - A roof 4 supported by the central core secured to the mobile base 2: constituent elements indicated in quarantine (41, 42, 43, -)

- External facades 5 arranged at the periphery of the floor and connected to the roof 4: constituent elements indicated in fifty (51, 52, 53, -) The characteristics indicated below are given as an indication and constitute the target values to be achieved during the development phase. These values must be validated by a thorough study.

Base common to 2 modules M 1 & M2:

 - Module housing or tertiary activity for 4/6 people

 - Hexagonal shape of external dimensions 5m of side and 5m of radius

- Gross floor area 65m2 / Net useful area 62m2

 - Interior useful height 2m

 - Permissible water height from the ground approximately 3m, ie a floor height

- Exceptional water coast before extrication of the module: about 4m

 - Mobile part weight 5T = 3.5 tons empty + 1.5 tons of operating expenses

- Total weight 10T - 5 tons for mobile structure + 5 tons for recessed base

 - Package weight delivered as a kit: 3.5 tonnes excluding components for concrete

 - Parcel volume 20m3, towable, palletizable and transportable by lorry or maritime container: approx. Length 5.00m * width 2.30m * height 1.70m.

- Commercial materials used for custom prefabrication: steel, aluminum, wood, plywood, honeycomb and photovoltaic panels, tarpaulins and vats made of non-component polyethylene for concrete extracted or produced on site.

Figure 8: Particularities according to vertical section of the M1 & M2 modules represented on the ground

Module M1 according to vertical section on the left

 - Height: floor 3 in elevation to 1.50m above the ground or a total height: 6.20m.

 - Means of elevation: 6 inflatable air cushions 27 housed in the mobile base 2.

- Interior arrangement: single volume undivided, suitable for conversion around mast 41.

- Accessibility: via stairs 61, not accessible to the handicapped except specific arrangement. M2 module according to vertical section on the right

 - Height: floor to 30cm above the ground is a total height: 4,70m.

- Means of elevation: rack device 28 and 29 for raising the mobile base 2.

 - Interior arrangement: compartmentalized volume in 6 parts by partitions 64 enclosing the shrouds 36 with peripheral circulation around the hexagonal core of the mobile base 2. The central core concentrates the sanitary facilities to the right of the connections located around the central mast 41.

 - Accessibility: on one level, accessible to the disabled by the ramp 62.

Figure 9: Principle of assembly in island or honeycomb

The modules can be assembled by juxtaposition between them 2 by 2 up to 7 units together. This makes it possible to increase the surface area of each unit of life by a multiple of 65m2, but also to create small neighborhoods around a common courtyard in honeycomb layout (7 units), the central platform not being equipped with roof. Only restriction, the honeycomb arrangement is not compatible with the M2 module elevation system, which can only be guaranteed for island layout limited to 3 modules only. It should be noted that these provisions reinforce the anchoring of the modules by constituting a mesh of the foundation system which is thus more resistant to the force of the current during a flood or wind. These provisions require a precise implantation of the recessed base 1.

Figure 10: Perspective of the M1 & M2 modules

This general view of the two modules makes it possible to note the identical characteristics: the geometry and dimensions of the common base but also the differences between the two versions: the positioning of the platform on the ground and the elevation device.

Terms of use : The points below are given as an indication to set the limits of use. The development phase will validate or adjust this data.

 - The module can be used in hot or temperate countries, excluding cold countries: the foundation technique can be adapted to the geology of the ground excluding hard soils: manual sinking in sandy, loamy, clay soils, peat or mechanical drilling in other soft terrain or manual sinking is not possible

 - In case of exceeding the water level set at 3m, a safety height allows an additional clearance of 1m minimum and beyond, an extrication device can be operated if necessary, allowing the release of the module of its anchorage .

 - A sliding guying device can be adapted according to wind conditions.

- Gabions or rockfill may be placed around residential islands or neighborhoods to limit the effects of current and neutralize debris carried

Embodiments of the invention

 Reminder: This innovation is described with the support of the drawings and sketches in appendix. These represent a mode or several preferred but non-limiting embodiments. The subsequent development phase will confirm, supplement or modify these data from a pre-project study.

The shape of the module can be circular or polygonal: from the triangle to the dodecagon. However the shape that seems most relevant is the hexagon, so it is a hexagonal platform that is represented in the figures. The concept of this innovation can be transposed to the other forms mentioned above.

1. Figure 1: perspective of the recessed base 1

This is the base of the platform which is identical for the 2 modules M1 and M2. This is constituted by a triangular slab 13 of 2.80m side reinforced concrete embedded in the ground and fixed on 3 steel piles 11 anchored to a depth of 3.00m for M 1 or 4.50m for M2. The 3 piles 11 are constituted by metal hollow tubes manually dark in the ground according to 3 techniques according to the nature thereof: threshing by means of a self-locking clamping collar 17 adjustable during the descent of the tube 11; screwing using a claw key 18 for rotating the tube 1 1 during its implementation; hydraulic sinking through the holes at the tip 19 in the lower part of the pile which allow the filling of the hollow tube 11 and thus push the materials by the gravitational thrust of the water. The use of water under pressure makes it possible to improve the sinking.

In the event of an obstacle blocking the advance of the tube, it is also possible to use simultaneously all these 3 sinking techniques.

After the earthwork of the base, to obtain a good verticality of the piles, a triangular template 12 steel seal in the upper part of the concrete base 13 will be fixed on the formwork before the installation of the frames and will ensure the positioning and plumb of the tubes 11 pre-darkened to a depth of 1 m from the bottom of the excavation. After drying of the concrete, the 3 piles 1 1 previously coated with a PVC sleeve on the thickness of the base to prevent its setting during concreting can be driven according to the 3 techniques mentioned above and fixed at the top on the template 12 secured to the concrete base 13. The 3 faces of the base 13 will be boxed with a lost formwork delivered with the package to form a monolithic block resistant to current.

The connections to the public water supply, electricity, telephone 16 and wastewater, rainwater 15 are made during the earthworks so as to position the expectations in the center of the concrete base in a reservation box 14 thus allowing their connection in later phases.

Before the execution of the base 13, it is recommended to pre-drill with a tube 11 to the depth indicated to verify the nature of the soil. Sandy, loamy, clayey or peaty soils; manual sinking as indicated above seems possible. If the soil is too firm and does not allow this technique, it is possible to use a mechanical drill that can be profitable if several foundations are made at the same time. Made entirely of commercial steel with a corrosion treatment, the components of the recessed base represent an estimated weight of 180kg or 5% of the package transported (excluding concrete manufactured on site). The adjustment variable of the recessed base is its concrete thickness estimated at 50cm for a total weight of 5Tonnes minimum which can be adjusted according to the conditions specific to each country.

The triangular base on 3 piles is the concept that is best suited to ensure the stability and anchoring of foundations, whatever the direction of the current. Figure 2: The mobile base 2

The mobile base 2 constitutes the support of the platform and contains the device that allows it to rise vertically. The basic principle is identical for the 2 modules but its design is different depending on the case. This is composed of 3 hollow tubes 21 which slide vertically thanks to a lubricant product inside the piles 11 on which are fixed in a precise order of assembly the lower base 22, the upper base 25 joined together by the 3 tubes 21 and the 3 tubes 23 closing the hexagon and the central tube 24 ensuring the base of the mast. The assembly thus forming a shape-deformable structure of hexagonal shape of 1.20m side and radius for a height of 1.50m to 2.50m depending on the module. The permissible water depth is 3m in each case with a safety plug of 1.50m, but can allow an exceptional watercourse up to 4.50m above the ground before being released from these guides .

Composed of an aluminum structure, the components of the mobile base 2 represent an estimated weight of 220kg or 6% of the package transported.

Figure 2-1: Plan view and elevation of the M1 mobile base in a normal situation

With regard to the module M1, the mobile base 2, situated under the floor 3 measures 1.50m in height which, under normal conditions, allows a service amplitude of 1.50m, and allows a height of elevation of 3m above ground. above ground The 6 floats 27 made of a flexible and strong membrane are housed in each of the prisms of the hexagon. They are independent and folded in normal situation according to 27a. When the water rises, they swell electrically to the air according to 27b with an automatic trigger device or manually in case of failure and thus allow the platform to be raised. The volume of the 6 inflators represents 5.5m3 and can therefore ensure the elevation of the platform whose weight load of the moving part is estimated at 5T with a satisfactory margin of safety. Removable peripheral protection 26 fixed on the inside uprights of the six faces of the hexagon will protect the floats against the risk of clashes caused by debris carried by the flood. The set can be either delivered monoblock or delivered in kit ready to assemble. This frame can serve as a support for towing in case of displacement of the module according to Figure 1 1. A variant of sliding the mobile base 2 on the 3 fixed piles emerging from the concrete block is possible according to Figure 12-1.

Figure 2-2: Plan view and elevation of the mobile base M2 in normal situation

With regard to the M2 module, the mobile base 2, located above the floor 3 measures 2.50m in height which allows a service amplitude of 3m and therefore allows a height of elevation of 3m above the ground. A rack device 28 fixed on two vertical profiles disposed on either side of the central tube 24 and bearing on the fixed base 13 allows the elevation of the platform with a manual or electric winch 29 with or without automatic triggering. A variant of sliding the mobile base 2 on the 3 fixed piles emerging from the concrete block is possible according to Figure 12-2.

Figure 2-3: elevation of M2 mobile base in flood situation

During a flood, three cables 20b suspended from the mobile base 2 allows the positioning at mid-height of the stiffening triangle 20a which ensures the lateral bracing of the tubes 21 and the good telescoping of the sleeves 15 for the flow of wastewater. The water supply lines, electrical and multimedia deployed lyre-shaped are maintained in tension by a cable device with spring.

A variant is possible for the system allowing the elevation of the M1 platform: it is a question of replacing the inflatable air cushions by expanded polystyrene blocks. This solution offers the advantage of suppressing the electrical inflation or manual but has a significant disadvantage related to the insufficient durability of the material to UV and damage to the environment (rodents, -). In addition, this variant undermines the ecological criterion and increases the volume transported. Figure 3: vertical section on the floor of modules M1 and M2

The floor 3 is identical for the two modules but its support is different depending on the case. Its structure is composed of wooden beams 31 and 34 type bastings of 6.5 * 17cm radiating around the core 24 and interconnected by aluminum junction elements. The assembly serves as a support for the floor 35 composed of pre-cut plywood sheets 15 mm thick implemented after interposition of an insulating polyethylene film on the beams 31 and 34, providing a sealing barrier.

It comes in a kit with pre-cut elements and will be assembled on site according to a precise order indicated below. In central part 2 removable hatches 38 provide technical access to floats or introductions. To allow the juxtaposition of platform in island or honeycomb 2 assembly joints 63 can be fixed on the edge profile 32 through pre-drilled holes on each side of the hexagon.

The floor 3 measures 5m radius and on the 6 sides, it is the heaviest part of PITERAC because it represents a weight of about 1600kgs or 45% of the package. The essentially wooden floor is a renewable ecological material can even be produced locally, significantly reducing the weight and volume of the package.

With regard to the M1 module as indicated at the bottom of the figure, the floor is built in elevation at 1.50m above the ground. It is supported by triangulated trusses reinforced by struts. The trusses 31, arranged in radius thanks to the base fixed on the head of the tube 24, are fixed on the upper base 25 and on the inclined shoes 33 located at each corner of the lower base 22. A peripheral aluminum profile 32 located in shore allows to connect the beams 31 and closes the 6 faces of the hexagon. The secondary beams 34 can then be fixed on the edge profile 32 through welded connectors and the upper base 25 by means of stirrups 37 provided for this purpose.

With regard to the module M2 as indicated at the top of the figure, the floor is built on the floor thanks to the 6 main radiating beams 31, resting on the right shoes 33 fixed on the lower base 22 and connected to the ends by the profile The six struts 36 which connect the ends of the beams 31 to each of the corners of the upper base 25 support the assembly. These are adjustable in tension and compression to ensure rigidity of the platform. As previously for the module M1, the secondary beams 34 can then be fixed on the edge beam 32 through welded connectors and on the lower base 22 by means of shoes 33 disposed outside thereof.

In both cases, the floor 35 composed of pre-cut plywood sheets of 15 mm thickness and arranged in a precise order can then be implemented after interposition of a polyethylene film on the beams 31 and 34, providing a barrier of seal.

A variant is possible to improve both the insulation of the floor and facilitate the elevation of the platform during flooding for modules M1 and M2. This involves fixing expanded polystyrene panels between the beams 31 and 34 under the plywood floor: for example 5cm thick under the floor represents an additional flotation capacity greater than 2m3 or 2000kgs of overload. This solution can complement or replace the lifting device 27 or 28-29 described above but has a significant drawback related to the insufficient durability of the UV material and environmental damage (rodents -). In addition, this variant undermines the ecological criterion and increases the volume transported. Figure 4: Vertical section before and after mounting the roof

The roof 4 is identical for the 2 modules but mounts differently depending on the case. For the understanding of the drawing, the left part represents the roof being assembled and the right part after its elevation. This is a structure in radiating aluminum around the mast 41, composed of 6 inclined beams 45, reinforced by struts supporting the intermediate and edge failures 46. A hexagonal form of tarpaulin made of a waterproof insulating fabric 47 of light material, waterproof, resistant UV and traction comes to cover the structure in one part. It has a hole in its center for the passage of the mast 41 which also serves as a ventilation port and technical access. The tarpaulin is supported by a system of empennage identical to the sails of boats, previously housed in planned slides then is attached thanks to fastening strips arranged in the underside through the beams 46. It will be held on each side by eyecups to be fixed on the edge runner 56 laid in the next step. It is threaded around the mast 41 and deployed on the bank before the installation of the 6 photovoltaic panels 48 set up in an aluminum structure corset assembled at the top of the mast 41 after its elevation.

Regarding the module M1 shown at the bottom of the drawing, the roof 4 mounts to the ground as indicated above on the floor of the platform after having erected the mast 41 in its sleeve 24. The entire supporting structure of the roof is fixed on a tube supporting the watch 42 sliding around the mast 41, thus forming a secure hexagonal deck covered with a clam. Once assembled, the roof 4 rises vertically thanks to the cable winding system associated with the ratchet winch 43 fixed to the watch 42 and connected to a double pulley 44 fixed at the top of the central mast 41 to a height of 2 m at the above the ground.

With regard to the module M2 represented at the top of the drawing, the beams 45 are suspended at the head of the mast 41, the struts being articulated on the collar 49. In the lower part, they rest in the provisional phase on the shrouds 36, which allows the mounting of the secondary beams 46 and the cover from the floor or from the top of the mobile base 25. The entire roof then deploys as an umbrella through the collar 49 which slides vertically up and down around the mast . This is actuated by a cable winding system associated with the ratchet winch 43 fixed to the mast base 24 connected to the collar 49 thus allowing the assembly to be raised from the upper part of the base. 25. The latter covered with a curtain is a safety decking located 2m above the floor replacing the look 42 module M1.

The six-sided hexagonal roof is erected at a height above ground of 6.20m for module M1 or 4.70m for module M2. It weighs about 640kg or 18% of the package transported. This assembly or disassembly system makes it possible to work safely at the height of man without the use of scaffolding or elevation means. This explains why the roof 4 is erected before the facades 5. Figure 5: elevation of the facades.

The facades are identical and are mounted in the same way for each of the modules. Their walls consist of honeycomb panels 53 made of insulating materials, lightweight impervious, resistant to the effects of wind and UV, which are slipped into the wings of the aluminum poles H in the angles 51 or 52 intermediate these being fixed at the foot in the edge profile 32 of the floor. When the facades 5 are mounted, the roof 4 which has been erected according to the preceding step to a slightly higher height can be lowered through the winch 43 and can come to cap the assembly, each beam 45 coming to nest in the post d corresponding angle 51, ditto for the secondary beams 46 in the intermediate columns 52. A profile 56 placed at the top of the walls forming gutter-sillière girdle the upper panels and ensure the connection with the tarpaulin 47 which can be tensioned on the profile 56 thanks to a tensioner arranged on the edge in the eyecups provided. The installation of 6 tie rods 57 connecting each corner of the roof to the lookout 42 for the module M1 or the upper part of the base 25 for the module M2 completes the stiffening of the outer envelope of the platform. The panels 53 are superimposed by a lip rejingot which seals the horizontal seal, the vertical junction of the panel with the posts being provided by a compressed seal located at the bottom of the wing of the H. The first row of panel is equipped with a bib at the bottom. The panels are interchangeable and all have the same dimension of about 1.62 * 0.52m corresponding to a pole interval for 4 rows in height. The height of the facade set at 2.10m allows an interior height of 2m. Each facade having a corner post 51 at each corner and 2 intermediate columns equally distributed is provided in the central part of a window 55 or a door 54 for the entry or the communication between module of multiple dimension to that of the panels 53. The openings are provided with single glazing polycarbonate or plexiglass. The weight of the whole is estimated at 720kg or 21% of the package transported. Figure 6: Plan view and partial section on equipment

For the understanding of the drawing, the facade is partially erased on the elevation and the roof on the plan view; the left part represents the module M1 and the right part the module M2.

The following common facilities are provided for the 2 modules:

The decking of the lookout 42 (M1) or the upper base 25 (M2) supports two cylindrical tanks 65 of polyethylene, 200I each, placed diametrically on each side of the mast 41 to ensure the equilibrium storage of rainwater. These are fed by the funnel formed by the solar panels 48 via an activated carbon filtration device 66 responsible for the distribution between the drums and provided with an overflow device to the public network transiting within the mast 24. This decking of 1.20m side and radius also supports 67 batteries powered by photovoltaic panels 48 which provides emergency lighting and the main features of the platform in case of network failure. A retractable ladder 68 allows access to the decking consists of a ground floor and secured at the shore by a railing with posts and chain 69. Finally the structure of the deck 42 (M1) or 25 (M2) serves as a point attaching tie rods 57 with the facades.

For the assembly of the modules M1 or M2, ball joints 63 fixed by pre-drilled holes on the edge profiles 32 (2 per side) allow the mooring of the platforms with sufficient clearance to absorb the movements caused by rising water.

The following specific equipment is provided for each module: Access to the platform is provided either by an access staircase 61 consisting of wooden steps fixed on 2 metal straps provided with retractable railings, or by an inclined ramp 62 for the M2 module, the assembly articulated on the edge of the platform and hoistable like a drawbridge during the flood.

Regarding the M2 module, partition walls 64 lightweight honeycomb panels are arranged at the right of each shroud 36, dividing the space into six sectors connected by a free passage around the core.

This equipment represents an empty weight estimated at 140kgs or 4% of the package transported.

Regarding the introduction of fluids on the mobile platform, they are declined from the expectations on the ground arranged in the reservation box 14 according to Figure 1:

- The discharge of wastewater is carried out inside the mast 24 before being connected to the telescopic sleeve 15 located under the floor 3 according to Figure 2-3.

 - The connection in drinking water, electricity, multimedia is done at the right of the mast 24 under the floor 3 with a flexible tube-shaped stretcher stretched by a cable and connected to expectations 16 according to Figure 2-3.

These provisions allow an amplitude of 3m; beyond this, an automatic shutdown system neutralizes the connections and the emergency equipment mentioned above replaces the public networks.

Optional sanitary accessories not described and not shown in the figures can be arranged around the central core that concentrates all arrivals, this for better layout and balancing of the platform. It is preferable to use PVC or stainless steel sanitary fittings for their low weight, in particular: kitchen sink, shower tray, toilet, sink, -.

In general, accessories and furniture should emphasize lightness and insensitivity to humidity. Figure 11: Plan view and sectional view of the module remorting system

During the movements of the M1 module on these different installation locations, it may be proposed a device allowing its trimming, it being composed of the components of the platform mounted on a double axle of 4 wheels corresponding to the road gauge. This includes the mobile base 2 whose lower part 22 serves as a base for supporting the loads with 4 of the 6 tubes 21 or 23 connected by the upper part 25. The elements of the platform being arranged judiciously inside so as to constitute an optimized and balanced parcel, namely: wooden beams 31 of the floor on the bottom, plaster of plywood 35 rows with edge on the sides, steel tubes 1 1 and aluminum profile 24,32,36,45,51 , 52, etc. framed by the facade panels in the central part, the other accessories on the top. The drawbar and the double axle of 4 wheels are fixed on the part 22 and constitutes a coupling of a total weight of 3.5 tons. Figure 12-1: variant with mobile base M1 described according to Figure 2-1

In order to avoid corrosion of the sliding tubes 1 1 and 21, in particular in saline medium, an adaptation is possible to the system described above according to FIG. 2-1.

It is to enhance the 3 recessed piles 11a by hollow tubes 11b screwed in their upper part, exceeding the concrete mass of a height adapted to the elevation and limited to the height of the roof (4.50m for M 1). In contrast to Figure 2-1, the 3 uprights 21 of the mobile base slide outside the tubes 11b thanks to their greater diameter which allows sufficient clearance for elevation and avoids the corrosion of steels due to friction and their prolonged exposure to sea salts during flooding. In this case, it is necessary to secure the upper part formed by the 3 tubes 21 and the 3 tubes 23 also raised by a hexagonal base 25b identical to 25a. This will replace the monitoring system described in Figure 4 for the M1 module and we find the same roof mounting configuration as for the M2 module. These provisions are an alternative to the initial concept described in Figure 2-1 particularly recommended for marine installation sites. Figure 12-2: variant to mobile base M2 described according to Figure 2-2 In order to avoid corrosion of the sliding tubes 1 1 and 21, in particular in saline medium, an adaptation is possible to the system described above according to FIG. 2-2.

It is to enhance the 3 recessed piles 11a by hollow tubes 11b screwed at their upper part, exceeding the concrete mass of a height adapted to the elevation and limited to the height of the roof (from 3.50 to M2). In contrast to Figure 2-2, the 3 uprights 21 of the mobile base slide outside the tubes 1 1 b through their greater diameter which allows sufficient clearance for elevation and avoids the corrosion of steels due to friction and prolonged exposure to sea salts during flooding. The upper part formed by the 3 tubes 21 and 3 tubes 23 is already secured by a hexagonal base 25 forming a look in the initial version, there is no change for the rest of the roof assembly. These provisions are a variant of the initial principle described in Figure 2-2 particularly recommended for marine installation sites.

Claims

claims 1. Residential or activity module for flood zones, comprising a fixed part embedded in the ground (1), formed by a concrete block (13) based on 3 piles (11) inside or around which slides vertically by means of an elevating device (27; 28 + 29) a movable part (2) of circular or polygonal shape, comprising a floor (3) integral with the mobile base, facades (5) surmounted by a roof (4) , the assembly being composed of modular elements, interchangeable, configured to be assembled manually. 2. The module of claim 1 characterized by a common base of shape and dimensions, usable either in elevation above the ground according to a module (M1), or floor-level according to a module (M2). 3. The module of claim 1 characterized by a circular or polygonal geometry allowing assembly modularity by bringing together several modules together according to the configuration chosen, ideally with a hexagonal shape by island juxtaposition of 3 units or honeycomb up to 7 units by means of assembly joints (63) to be fixed on a bank profile (32). 4. The module according to claim 1 characterized in that the fixed part embedded in the ground is a fixed base (1) in the form of tripod anchored on 3 steel piles (11) arranged at each corner of the triangular base (12) and capped by a concrete slab (13) recessed at ground level under which will have previously been reserved in its center (14) sleeves for connections to the drinking water supply, electricity (16) or evacuation networks wastewater (15). 5. The module according to claim 4, the realization of the fixed base is the result of a construction method characterized by a procedure that allows after execution of the concrete slab (13), a manual sinking preferably or otherwise mechanical, by screwing (18), threshing (17) and / or hydraulic sinking (19) of the piles (1 1) by combination of the 3 techniques while ensuring their precise implantation with the template (12) previously incorporated in the solid concrete (13) so as to obtain a satisfactory verticality for their future use. 6. The module of claim 1 or 4, wherein the movable part is a hexagonal aluminum mobile structure, fixed on 3 steel tubes (21) sliding in the 3 anchored piles (11), the assembly supporting the floor of the platform with 6 triangulated trusses (31) located at each angle for a first version (M 1), or with 6 beams held by shrouds (36) arranged at each corner in partitioning partitions (64) for a second version (M2). The module of claim 2 or 6, further comprising a device  composed of 6 inflatable floats (27) arranged in each of the prisms composing the mobile base of the first version (M1), or by a rack-and-pinion device (28) actuated by a winch (29) fixed to the mobile base of the second version (M2), allowing for each case the elevation of the platform during flooding, manually and / or electrically, with or without automatic triggering. 8. The module according to claim 1 characterized by a constructive mode  completely manual to assemble safely before mounting the facades, the roof on the central mast (41), the latter being composed of a tarpaulin (47) stretched on a triangulated aluminum structure (45), reinforced by joists (46), the assembly fixed for a module (M1) on a tube equipped with a watch (42) sliding around the central mast (41), then to hoist the whole thanks to the ratchet winch (43) associated with a double pulley (44) or the assembly fixed for a module (M2) at the top of the mast (41), then deployed as an umbrella thanks to a ratchet winch (43) connected to a cable device mounted on the collar (49). ). 9. The module according to claim 1 or 8, characterized by a completely manual construction mode, for erecting the modular facade panels (53) by interlocking in the corner posts (51) or central (52), the together, once realized being belted by the roof that will be fixed at the top of the walls thanks to a peripheral profile forming a gutter (56) and each angle is connected to the central core by radiant tie rods (57) in the upper part. 10. The module of claim 1 characterized by a set of devices for replacing the public networks in the superstructure such as photovoltaic panels (48) fixed at the top of the mast (41), supplying storage batteries (67) located in the watch which produce emergency electricity, as well as rainwater recovery drums (65), filtered and softened after being collected by the funnel formed by the solar panels (48), the unit providing autonomy during flooding. 11. The module according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 10  characterized by a completely manual construction system, allowing prefabrication of kit elements ready to assemble on the assembly site, all delivered in a single package of volume and weight optimized for transport by truck, shipping container and its transport by cargo plane or helicopter on the affected areas. 12. The module according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 10, all the elements, except the elements of the recessed base (1), are configured to be mounted, disassembled, manually reassembled with a mounting instructions - disassembly and constituables thus in a towable package by means of a double axle with 4 wheels fixed directly on the mobile base (21, 22, 23, 25) which thus constitutes a rolling loading basket equipped with a drawbar formed by one of the tubes (11 ) equipped with a retractable coupling sleeve. 13. The module according to claim 6, wherein the three piles anchored in the ground (11a) are configured to be raised each by a hollow tube (11b) screwed into the pile anchored in the ground (1 1a), emerging from the concrete block (13) of a suitable height, so as to allow the mobile part of the first and second modules (M1 and M2) to slide vertically through the 3 vertical tubes (21) of a larger diameter thus allowing sufficient clearance to ensure elevation and avoid corrosion due to friction between steels or the salinity of air and water.