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WO2018177304A1 - 一种装配式地下建筑及其施工法 - Google Patents

一种装配式地下建筑及其施工法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018177304A1
WO2018177304A1 PCT/CN2018/080788 CN2018080788W WO2018177304A1 WO 2018177304 A1 WO2018177304 A1 WO 2018177304A1 CN 2018080788 W CN2018080788 W CN 2018080788W WO 2018177304 A1 WO2018177304 A1 WO 2018177304A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wall
interface
chain
chain cutter
cutter
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2018/080788
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王燏斌
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of WO2018177304A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018177304A1/zh
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/045—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a prefabricated underground building and a construction method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of civil engineering foundation construction.
  • the existing large-scale basic technology adopts the overall excavation construction method, with long construction period, high labor intensity and poor working environment safety.
  • the existing underground continuous wall technology uses a trenching machine on the ground to excavate a long and narrow deep trough under the condition of mud retaining wall, hoist the steel cage in the trough, and pour the underwater concrete into a unit trough section. This is done piece by piece.
  • the main defects are as follows: 1) The underwater construction quality in the tank is difficult to control and detect, and the construction period is long; 2) The interface between the groove sections is difficult to construct and easy to seep; 3) The slotting machine is high and moves along the circumference. Applications are limited.
  • the existing revetment foundation is generally excavated by an excavator, and a drainage ditch or a collecting well is provided for drainage, and a cofferdam is required to be formed on the outer side of the revetment.
  • a drainage ditch or a collecting well is provided for drainage, and a cofferdam is required to be formed on the outer side of the revetment.
  • the daily masonry height is limited, the construction period is long, and the cost is high.
  • the invention provides a prefabricated underground building and a construction method thereof, the purpose of which is to overcome the defects of the prior art, and the main advantages thereof:
  • the assembled underground building is composed of a wall, and the adjacent wall interface adopts concave and convex embedding.
  • the structure of the wall has a chain knife for excavating the bottom of the rock, the factory prefabricated wall, the site is divided into blocks or the whole is lowered, the construction is simple, the construction period is short, and the cost is low.
  • the assembled underground building comprises an underground wall 1 comprising a wall 1-1, a wall 1-2 and a cross wall 1-3; the structure of the adjacent wall 1 interface is adopted Concave-convex embedded structure, one being a convex part and the other being a concave part, the concave part is a groove having an opening in the middle of the wall, that is, the convex part of the interface of the wall 1 is embedded in the concave part of the interface of the other wall 1, and the wall 1 is convex
  • the thickness t of the junction between the tail end and the wall 1 is greater than or equal to the thickness of the same wall 1.
  • the width of the groove mouth is greater than or equal to the thickness t of the junction of the convex end of the other wall 1 and the wall 1 and is smaller than the other wall.
  • the maximum thickness of the convex part at the interface; the interface of the adjacent wall 1 has three structures: a word interface, a ⁇ word interface and a cross interface; the bottom and the side of the wall 1 are provided with a track 2, and the track 2 is provided with a chain knife 3 during construction.
  • the width of the chain cutter 3 is smaller than the width of the groove portion at the interface, and the chain cutter 3 is composed of a chain 3-1 and a cutter 3-2 mounted on the chain 3-1.
  • the invention has the advantages that the wall has a chain cutter for excavating the bottom of the rock, and adopts a factory prefabrication, on-site block or overall descending construction method, the construction is simple, the construction period is short, and the cost is low.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a construction structure in which a convex portion of a wall 1-1A is embedded in a concave portion of an interface of another wall 1, and is a structural schematic view of a thickness t of a joint between a rear end of the wall 1-1A and a wall 1-1A;
  • Figure 2 is a view in the direction of arrow A of Figure 1, and is also a structural schematic view of the core knife 1-3A and the chain cutter 3 descending together, and is also driven by the driving power device 5-1, the spoil handling device 5-2 and the machine.
  • Schematic diagram of the chain cutter driving device 5 composed of the frame 5-3;
  • Figure 3 is a BB view of Figure 2 (with the chain cutter 3 removed), also a schematic view of the structure of the rail 2 running on the bottom chain cutter 3 of the wall 1-1A, and also the mud nozzle 6 of the mud pipeline device 6 on the wall 1-1A. 1 and a schematic view of the structure of the mud pipeline 6-2;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of another space-curable chain cutter 3, and is also a schematic structural view of the chain 3-1 and the cutter 3-2;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a wall 1-1 of three structural forms of 1-1A, 1-1B, and 1-1C; and is a schematic structural view of a side cover 7 having a bottom edge at the outer side of the rail 2 on the wall 1;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view showing the construction state of the three types of wall structures 1-1A, 1-1B and 1-1C after the chain cutter 3 and the tooling 4 are installed;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of two types of embossed walls 1-2A and 1-2B;
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural view of a cross wall 1-3
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a word interface 8-1 formed by the convex portion of the wall 1 embedded in the groove of the other wall 1, and is also a structural schematic view of the thickness t of the connection between the end of the convex portion of the wall 1 and the wall 1;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a word interface 8-1 of another structural form
  • Figure 12 is a schematic view showing the structure of the ⁇ -shaped interface 8-2A formed by the convex portion of the corner wall 1-2A embedded in the groove shape of the other wall 1;
  • Figure 13 is a schematic view showing the structure of the ⁇ -shaped interface 8-2B formed by the convex portion of the middle stencil wall 1-2B embedded in the groove of the other two walls 1;
  • Figure 14 is a schematic view showing the structure of the cross interface 8-3A formed by the convex portions of the two walls 1 embedded in the grooves of the cross walls 1-3;
  • Figure 15 is a schematic view showing the structure of the cross interface 8-3B formed by the convex portions of the three walls 1 embedded in the recesses of the cross walls 1-3;
  • Figure 16 is a schematic view showing the construction structure after the prefabricated wall 1-1C is transported to the installation site, and the chain cutter 3 and the chain cutter driving device 5 are installed;
  • Figure 17 is the bottom chain knife 3 of the wall 1-1C excavated the rock, the side of the chain knife 3 running from the bottom up to bring the excavated rock to the top, the wall 1-1C and the bottom chain knife 3 together down to the design depth Schematic diagram of the structure;
  • Figure 18 is a view taken along line A of Figure 17, and is also a schematic view of the structure of the tooling 4;
  • Figure 19 is a schematic view showing the structure after the wall 1-1C is lowered to the set depth and the chain cutter 3, the tooling 4 and the chain cutter driving device 5 are removed;
  • 20 is a structural schematic view showing the convex portion on the unconstructed wall 1-1A being embedded in the groove of the concave portion at the interface of the constructed wall 1-1C;
  • Figure 21 is a view in the direction of arrow A of Figure 20, and is also a schematic structural view of the chain cutter 3 and the chain cutter driving device 5 mounted on the wall 1-1A;
  • Figure 22 is the bottom of the wall 1-1A chain knife 3 excavated rock, the side of the chain knife 3 running from the bottom up to bring the excavated geotechnical to the top, the wall 1-1A and the bottom chain knife 3 together down to the design depth Schematic;
  • Figure 23 is a schematic structural view of the chain cutter driving device 5 and the chain cutter 3 on the wall 1-1A;
  • 24 is a schematic structural view of a prefabricated underground building formed after completion of construction of all the walls 1, and is also a structural schematic view of the assembled underground building as an underground continuous wall;
  • Figure 25 is a view of the A-A of Figure 24, and is a structural schematic view of the construction of the basement after digging the rock in the surrounding wall after the completion of the construction of the wall 1;
  • Figure 26 is a schematic view showing the structure of an underground building composed of a plurality of word intermediate wall 1-2B;
  • Figure 27 is a view taken along line A-A of Figure 26.
  • 1 in the figure is the underground wall of the assembled underground building, including a wall 1-1, a wall 1-2 and a cross wall 1-3;
  • 1-1 is a wall, according to the category of the interfaces at both ends 1-1A, 1-1B, and 1-1C;
  • 1-1A is a wall with a groove at one end and a convex portion at the other end;
  • 1-1B is a wall with convex portions at both ends;
  • -1C is a wall with grooves at both ends;
  • 1-2 is a wall with 1-2A and 1-2B;
  • 1-2A is a corner wall;
  • 1-2B is middle Word wall;
  • 1-3 is the cross wall;
  • 2 is the track with the chain knife 3 running at the bottom and side of the wall 1;
  • 3 is the chain knife for excavating the rock, which is connected by the chain 3-1 and the chain 3-1
  • the prefabricated underground building includes a subterranean wall 1 including a wall 1-1, a plaque wall 1-2 and a cross wall 1-3; the structure of the adjacent wall 1 interface adopts a concave-convex embedded structure, one The other part is a concave portion, and the concave portion is a groove having an opening in the middle of the wall, that is, the convex portion of the interface of the wall 1 is embedded in the concave portion of the interface of the other wall 1, and the rear end of the convex portion of the wall 1 is connected with the wall 1.
  • the thickness of the portion is greater than or equal to the thickness of the same wall 1
  • the width of the groove portion is greater than or equal to the thickness of the junction of the end of the convex portion of the other wall 1 and the wall 1, and is smaller than the maximum thickness of the convex portion at the interface of the other wall 1
  • the interface of the adjacent wall 1 has three structures: a word interface, a ⁇ word interface and a cross interface; the bottom and the side of the wall 1 are provided with a track 2, and the track 2 is provided with a chain knife 3 during construction, and the width of the chain knife 3 is smaller than that at the interface.
  • the width of the notch portion, the chain cutter 3 is composed of a chain 3-1 and a cutter 3-2 mounted on the chain 3-1.
  • the bottom and side of the groove end of the wall 1 interface are provided with a track 2, and the track 2 is provided with a chain knife 3 during construction.
  • the chain knife 3 When the chain knife 3 is working, only the rock at the bottom of the groove end of the interface of the wall 1 is excavated, and runs from bottom to top.
  • the chain cutter 3 brings the excavated rock at the bottom of the groove end of the wall 1 interface to the upper side, and the wall 1 and the bottom chain cutter 3 simultaneously run downward.
  • the interfaces at both ends of the wall 1-1 are divided into three structures: A, B, and C: A, one end is a groove, the other end is a convex part; B, both ends are convex parts; C, both ends are Groove.
  • Both the wall 1-2 and the cross wall 1-3 are composed of a wall 1-1.
  • the one-word interface is applied to the connection with two walls 1 at the interface.
  • the ⁇ word interface is divided into two structures A and B: A, the connection of the wall 1 applied to the interface at the interface; B, the connection of the three walls 1 applied to the interface.
  • the cross interface is divided into two structures A and B: A, the connection of the wall 1 applied to the three interfaces at the interface; B, the connection of the wall 1 applied to the four interfaces.
  • the wall 1 is an underground continuous wall or a bank.
  • the underground soil is excavated and the construction of the basement is carried out.
  • the assembled underground building includes a basement wall 1, and the structure of the interface of the adjacent wall 1 adopts a concave-convex embedded structure, one is a convex part and the other is a concave part, and the concave part is a cavity in the middle.
  • the groove of the opening that is, the convex portion of the interface of the wall 1 is embedded in the concave portion of the interface of the other wall 1, and the thickness t of the connection between the end of the convex portion of the wall 1 and the wall 1 is greater than or equal to the thickness of the same wall 1, the groove
  • the width of the mouth is equal to the thickness t of the junction of the end of the convex portion of the other wall 1 and the wall 1, which is smaller than the maximum thickness of the convex portion at the interface of the other wall 1; the bottom and the side of the wall 1 are provided with the track 2, and the wall 1 interface is concave
  • the bottom and side of the groove end are also provided with a track 2, and the track 2 is provided with a chain cutter 3 at the time of construction.
  • the width of the chain cutter 3 is smaller than the width of the groove portion at the interface, and the chain cutter 3 is connected by the chain 3-1 and the chain 3-
  • the cutter 3-2 is composed of 1 and the driving power unit 5-1 drives the chain cutter 3.
  • the chain cutter 3 works, only the rock at the bottom of the wall 1 is excavated, and the rock that has been excavated at the bottom of the wall 1 is driven by the chain cutter 3 running downwards and upwards.
  • the soil belt is up to the upper portion, and the device 5-2 separates the rock soil brought from the bottom of the wall cutter 3 from the bottom of the wall 1 with the chain cutter 3, and the wall 1 and the bottom chain cutter 3 simultaneously run downward.
  • the underground wall 1 includes a wall 1-1, a wall 1-2 and a cross wall 1-3; the wall 1-1 is divided into 1-1A according to the category of the interfaces at both ends. 1-1B and 1-1C three structures, 1-1A is a wall with a groove at one end and a convex portion at the other end, 1-1B is a wall with convex portions at both ends, 1-1C is two
  • the wall is a grooved wall
  • the wall 1-2 has two structures: a corner wall 1-2A and a middle wall 1-2B; both the wall 1-2 and the cross wall 1-3 It is composed of a wall 1-1.
  • the interface of the adjacent wall 1 has three structures: a word interface 8-1, a ⁇ word interface 8-2, and a cross interface 8-3, and the ⁇ word interface 8-2 has two interfaces applied to the interface.
  • the wall interface 1 is connected to the ⁇ interface 8-2A and the ⁇ interface 8-2B is applied to the interface with three wall 1 connections.
  • the cross interface 8-3 is applied to the cross interface of the three walls 1 connected at the interface. 8-3A and the cross interface 8-3B applied to the four wall 1 connections at the interface.
  • the concrete construction method of the assembled underground building composed of the wall 1-1A, the wall 1-1C and the wall 1-2A has the following steps:
  • the rock and soil in the surrounding wall are excavated to carry out the construction of the basement; the assembled underground building formed after the completion of all the walls 1 is the underground continuous wall.
  • the underground building composed of a plurality of word intermediate wall 1-2B is a bank.

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Abstract

一种装配式地下建筑，包括地下墙(1)，相邻的墙(1)接口处的结构采用凹凸型嵌入式结构，一个为凸部另一个为凹部，凹部是中间设有空腔的开口的凹槽，墙(1)的接口处凸部嵌入另一墙(1)的接口处凹部内；墙(1)的底部和侧面设有轨道(2)，施工时轨道(2)上装有链刀(3)，链刀(3)的宽度小于接口处凹槽口部的宽度，链刀(3)由链条(3-1)和安装在链条(3-1)上的刀具(3-2)组成，链刀(3)工作时仅挖掘墙(1)底部的岩土，由下向上运行的链刀(3)将墙(1)底部已挖掘的岩土带至上方，墙(1)和底部链刀(3)同时向下运行。还公开了一种装配式地下建筑的施工方法，墙(1)采用工厂预制，墙(1)自身带有挖掘其底部岩土的链刀(3)，墙(1)和底部链刀(3)同时向下运行，先施工墙(1)至设定深度后，再施工相邻的墙(1)；施工简单，施工周期短，成本低。

Description

一种装配式地下建筑及其施工法 技术领域
本发明涉及的是一种装配式地下建筑及其施工法，属于土木工程基础施工技术领域。
背景技术
现有大型基础技术采用整体开挖施工方式，施工周期长，劳动强度大，工作环境安全度差。
现有地下连续墙技术是在地面上利用挖槽机械，在泥浆护壁的条件下，开挖岀一条狭长的深槽，在槽内吊放钢筋笼，浇筑水下混凝土筑成一个单元槽段，如此逐段进行。其主要缺陷：1)槽内水下施工质量难以控制和检测、施工周期长；2)槽段之间的接口施工困难且易渗水；3)开槽机械较高，且要沿着周长移动应用场合受到限制。
现有驳岸基础一般采用挖掘机开挖，设置排水沟或集水井进行排水，驳岸外侧还需要筑围堰。为防止沉降量大，每日砌筑高度有限，施工周期长，造价也高。
发明内容
本发明提出的是一种装配式地下建筑及其施工法，其目的旨在克服现有技术存在的缺陷，其主要优点：装配式地下建筑由墙组成，相邻的墙接口处采用凹凸型嵌入式的结构，墙带有挖掘其底部岩土的链刀，工厂预制墙，现场分块或者整体下降，施工简单，施工周期短，成本低。
本发明的技术解决方案：装配式地下建筑包括地下墙1，地下墙1包括一字墙1-1、丅字墙1-2和十字墙1-3；相邻的墙1接口处的结构采用凹凸型嵌入式结构，一个为凸部另一个为凹部，凹部是中间设有空腔的开口的凹槽，即墙1的接口处凸部嵌入另一墙1的接口处凹部内，墙1凸部尾端与墙1连接处的厚度t大于或等于同一墙1的厚度，凹槽口部的宽度大于或等于另一墙1凸部尾端与墙1连接处的厚度t，小于另一墙1接口处凸部的最大厚度；相邻墙1的接口有一字接口、丅字接口和十字接口三种结构；墙1的底部和侧面设有轨道2，施工时轨道2上装有链刀3，链刀3的宽度小于接口处凹槽口部的宽度，链刀3由链条3-1和安装在链条3-1上的刀具3-2组成，链刀3工作时仅挖掘墙1底部的岩 土，由下向上运行的链刀3将墙1底部已挖掘的岩土带至上方，墙1和底部链刀3同时向下运行。
本发明的优点：墙带有挖掘其底部岩土的链刀，采用工厂预制，现场分块或者整体下降的施工方法，施工简单，施工周期短，成本低。
附图说明
图1是墙1-1A的接口处凸部嵌入另一墙1的接口处凹部内的施工结构示意图，也是墙1-1A凸部尾端与墙1-1A连接处厚度t的结构示意图；
图2是图1的A向视图，也是链刀3挖掘岩土，墙1-1A和链刀3一起下降的结构示意图，也是由驱动动力装置5-1、弃土处理装置5-2和机架5-3组成的链刀驱动装置5的结构示意图；
图3是图2的B-B视图(去除链刀3)，也是墙1-1A的底部链刀3运行的轨道2的结构示意图，也是泥浆管路装置6在墙1-1A上的泥浆喷嘴6-1和泥浆管路6-2的结构示意图；
图4是链刀3的结构示意图，也是链条3-1和刀具3-2的结构示意图；
图5是另一种可空间弯曲链刀3的结构示意图，也是链条3-1和刀具3-2的结构示意图；
图6是1-1A、1-1B和1-1C三种结构形式的一字墙1-1的结构示意图；也是墙1上轨道2外侧的底部带刃角的侧面罩7的结构示意图；
图7是C三种结构形式的一字墙1-1A、1-1B和1-1C安装链刀3和工装4后的施工状态结构示意图；
图8是两种结构形式的丅字墙1-2A和1-2B的结构示意图；
图9是十字墙1-3的结构示意图；
图10是由墙1的凸部嵌入另一墙1凹槽形成的一字接口8-1的结构示意图，也是墙1凸部尾端与墙1连接处厚度t的结构示意图；
图11是另一种结构形式的一字接口8-1的结构示意图；
图12是由角部丅字墙1-2A的凸部嵌入另一墙1凹槽形内成的丅字接口8-2A的结构示意图；
图13是由中间丅字墙1-2B的凸部嵌入另两个墙1凹槽内形成的丅字接口8-2B的结构示意图；
图14是由两个墙1的凸部嵌入十字墙1-3凹槽内形成的十字接口8-3A的结构示意图；
图15是由三个墙1的凸部嵌入十字墙1-3凹槽内形成的十字接口8-3B的结构示意图；
图16是将预制墙1-1C运至安装处，安装链刀3和链刀驱动装置5后的施工结构示意图；
图17是墙1-1C的底部链刀3挖掘岩土，侧面由下向上运行的链刀3将已挖掘的岩土带至上方，墙1-1C和底部的链刀3一起下降至设计深度的结构示意图；
图18是图17的A向视图，也是工装4的结构示意图；
图19是墙1-1C下降到设定的深度，拆除链刀3、工装4和链刀驱动装置5后的结构示意图；
图20是将未施工的墙1-1A上的凸部嵌入已施工的墙1-1C接口处凹部的槽内的结构示意图；
图21是图20的A向视图，也是在墙1-1A上安装链刀3和链刀驱动装置5的结构示意图；
图22是墙1-1A底部链刀3挖掘岩土，侧面由下向上运行的链刀3将已挖掘的岩土带至上方，墙1-1A和底部的链刀3一起下降至设计深度的结构示意图；
图23是拆除墙1-1A上的链刀驱动装置5和链刀3后的结构示意图；
图24是完成全部墙1的施工后形成的装配式地下建筑的结构示意图，也是装配式地下建筑为地下连续墙的结构示意图；
图25是图24的A-A视图，也是完成墙1的施工后，挖掘四周墙内的岩土，进行地下室的施工的结构示意图；
图26是由多个字中间丅字墙1-2B组成的地下建筑是驳岸的结构示意图；
图27是图26的A-A视图。
图中的1是组成装配式地下建筑的地下墙，包括一字墙1-1、丅字墙1-2和十字墙1-3；1-1是一字墙，按两端接口的类别分1-1A、1-1B和1-1C三种结构；1-1A是一端为凹槽，另一端为凸部的一字墙；1-1B是两端均为凸部的一字墙；1-1C是两端均为凹槽的一字墙；1-2是丅字墙，有1-2A和1-2B两种结构；1-2A是角部丅字墙；1-2B是中间丅字墙；1-3是十字墙；2是墙1的底部和侧面设有链 刀3运行的轨道；3是挖掘岩土的链刀，由链条3-1和安装在链条3-1上的刀具3-2组成；3-1是组成链刀3的链条；3-2是组成链刀3的刀具；4是工装；5是链刀驱动装置，由驱动动力装置5-1、弃土处理装置5-2和机架5-3组成；5-1是驱动动力装置；5-2是弃土处理装置；5-3是机架；6是泥浆管路装置；6-1是墙1底部上的泥浆喷嘴；6-2是墙1内部的泥浆管路；7是墙1上轨道2外侧的底部带刃角的侧面罩；8是相邻墙1的接口，有一字接口8-1、丅字接口8-2和十字接口8-3三种结构；8-1是一字接口；8-2是丅字接口，分8-2A和8-2B两种结构；8-2A是应用于接口处两个墙1连接的丅字接口；8-2B是应用于接口处有三个墙1连接的丅字接口；8-3是十字接口，分8-3A和8-3B两种结构；8-3A是应用于接口处三个墙1连接的十字接口；8-3B是应用于接口处四个墙1连接的十字接口；t是墙1凸部尾端与墙1连接处的厚度。
具体实施方式
装配式地下建筑包括地下墙1，地下墙1包括一字墙1-1、丅字墙1-2和十字墙1-3；相邻的墙1接口处的结构采用凹凸型嵌入式结构，一个为凸部另一个为凹部，凹部是中间设有空腔的开口的凹槽，即墙1的接口处凸部嵌入另一墙1的接口处凹部内，墙1凸部尾端与墙1连接处的厚度大于或等于同一墙1的厚度，凹槽口部的宽度大于或等于另一墙1凸部尾端与墙1连接处的厚度，小于另一墙1接口处凸部的最大厚度；相邻墙1的接口有一字接口、丅字接口和十字接口三种结构；墙1的底部和侧面设有轨道2，施工时轨道2上装有链刀3，链刀3的宽度小于接口处凹槽口部的宽度，链刀3由链条3-1和安装在链条3-1上的刀具3-2组成，链刀3工作时仅挖掘墙1底部的岩土，由下向上运行的链刀3将墙1底部已挖掘的岩土带至上方，墙1和底部链刀3同时向下运行。
所述的墙1接口凹槽端的底部和侧面设有轨道2，施工时轨道2上装有链刀3，链刀3工作时仅挖掘墙1接口凹槽端底部的岩土，由下向上运行的链刀3将墙1接口凹槽端底部已挖掘的岩土带至上方，墙1和底部链刀3同时向下运行。
所述的一字墙1-1两端的接口分A、B和C三种结构：A、一端为凹槽，另一端为凸部；B、两端均为凸部；C、两端均为凹槽。
所述的丅字墙1-2和十字墙1-3均是由一字墙1-1组成的。
所述的一字接口是应用于接口处有两个墙1的连接。
所述的丅字接口分A、B两种结构：A、应用于接口处两个的墙1的连接；B、应用于接口处有三个墙1的连接。
所述的十字接口分A、B两种结构：A、应用于接口处三个的墙1的连接；B、应用于接口处四个的墙1的连接。
所述的墙1是地下连续墙或驳岸。
所述的具体施工法有如下步骤：
1)预制墙1；
2)将墙1运至安装处，先施工端部接口为凹部的墙1
3)在墙1底部和侧面的轨道2上安装链刀3和链刀驱动装置等；
4)在墙1凹槽端接口处的底部和侧面的轨道2上安装链刀3和链刀驱动装置等；
5)墙1底部链刀3挖掘岩土，侧面由下向上运行的链刀3将已挖掘的岩土带至上方；
6)墙1和底部的链刀3一起下降；
7)墙1下降到设定的深度，拆除链刀驱动装置和链刀3；
8)在另一接口为凸部的墙1上安装链刀3及链刀驱动装置等；
9)将未施工的墙1上的凸部嵌入已施工的墙1接口处凹部的槽内；
10)墙1底部链刀3挖掘岩土，侧面由下向上运行的链刀3将已挖掘的岩土带至上方；
11)墙1和底部的链刀3一起下降；
12)墙1下降到设定的深度，拆除链刀驱动装置和链刀3；
13)清除两墙1接口处凹槽空腔内的岩土，并灌注混凝土；
重复上述2)至13)的施工，直至完成全部墙1的施工。
所述的地下建筑完成墙1的施工后，再挖掘四周墙内的岩土，进行地下室的施工。
下面结合附图进一步描述本发明：
如图1～图5所示，装配式地下建筑包括地下墙1，相邻的墙1接口处的结构采用凹凸型嵌入式结构，一个为凸部另一个为凹部，凹部是中间设有空腔的开口的凹槽，即墙1的接口处凸部嵌入另一墙1的接口处凹部内，墙1凸部尾端与墙1 连接处的厚度t大于或等于同一墙1的厚度，凹槽口部的宽度等于另一墙1凸部尾端与墙1连接处的厚度t，小于另一墙1接口处凸部的最大厚度；墙1的底部和侧面设有轨道2，墙1接口凹槽端的底部和侧面也设有轨道2，施工时轨道2上装有链刀3，链刀3的宽度小于接口处凹槽口部的宽度，链刀3由链条3-1和安装在链条3-1上的刀具3-2组成，驱动动力装置5-1驱动链刀3，链刀3工作时仅挖掘墙1底部的岩土，由下向上运行的链刀3将墙1底部已挖掘的岩土带至上方，装置5-2将链刀3从墙1底部带上来的岩土与链刀3分离，墙1和底部链刀3同时向下运行。
如图6～图9所示，地下墙1包括一字墙1-1、丅字墙1-2和十字墙1-3；一字墙1-1按两端接口的类别分1-1A、1-1B和1-1C三种结构，1-1A是一端为凹槽、另一端为凸部的一字墙，1-1B是两端均为凸部的一字墙，1-1C是两端均为凹槽的一字墙，丅字墙1-2有角部丅字墙1-2A和中间丅字墙1-2B两种结构；丅字墙1-2和十字墙1-3均是由一字墙1-1组成的。
如图10～图15所示，相邻墙1的接口有一字接口8-1、丅字接口8-2和十字接口8-3三种结构,丅字接口8-2有应用于接口处两个墙1连接的丅字接口8-2A和应用于接口处有三个墙1连接的丅字接口8-2B两种结构，十字接口8-3分应用于接口处三个墙1连接的十字接口8-3A和应用于接口处四个墙1连接的十字接口8-3B两种结构。
如图16～图25所示，由墙1-1A、墙1-1C和墙1-2A组成的装配式地下建筑的具体施工法有如下步骤：
1)预制墙1；
2)将墙1运至安装处，先施工端部接口为凹部的墙1-1C；
3)在墙1-1C底部和侧面的轨道2上安装链刀3和链刀驱动装置5等；
4)在墙1-1C凹槽端接口处的底部和侧面的轨道2上安装链刀3和链刀驱动装置5等；
5)墙1-1C底部链刀3挖掘岩土，侧面由下向上运行的链刀3将已挖掘的岩土带至上方；
6)墙1-1C和底部的链刀3一起下降；
7)墙1-1C下降到设定的深度，拆除链刀驱动装置5和链刀3；
8)在另一接口为凸部的墙1-1A上安装链刀3及链刀驱动装置5等；
9)将未施工的墙1-1A上的凸部嵌入已施工的墙1-1C接口处凹部的槽内；
10)墙1-1A底部链刀3挖掘岩土，侧面由下向上运行的链刀3将已挖掘的岩土带至上方；
11)墙1-1A和底部的链刀3一起下降；
12)墙1-1A下降到设定的深度，拆除链刀驱动装置5和链刀3；
13)清除两墙1接口处凹槽空腔内的岩土，并灌注混凝土；
重复上述2)至13)的施工，直至完成全部墙1的施工；
地下建筑完成墙1的施工后，再挖掘四周墙内的岩土，进行地下室的施工；完成全部墙1后形成的装配式地下建筑为地下连续墙。
如图26和图27所示，由多个字中间丅字墙1-2B组成的地下建筑是驳岸。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种装配式地下建筑，其特征是装配式地下建筑包括地下墙(1)，地下墙(1)包括一字墙(1-1)、丅字墙(1-2)和十字墙(1-3)；相邻的墙(1)接口处的结构采用凹凸型嵌入式结构，一个为凸部另一个为凹部，凹部是中间设有空腔的开口的凹槽，即墙(1)的接口处凸部嵌入另一墙(1)的接口处凹部内，墙(1)凸部尾端与墙(1)连接处的厚度大于或等于同一墙(1)的厚度，凹槽口部的宽度大于或等于另一墙(1)凸部尾端与墙(1)连接处的厚度，小于另一墙(1)接口处凸部的最大厚度；相邻墙(1)的接口有一字接口、丅字接口和十字接口三种结构；墙(1)的底部和侧面设有轨道(2)，施工时轨道(2)上装有链刀(3)，链刀(3)的宽度小于接口处凹槽口部的宽度，链刀(3)由链条(3-1)和安装在链条(3-1)上的刀具(3-2)组成，链刀(3)工作时仅挖掘墙(1)底部的岩土，由下向上运行的链刀(3)将墙(1)底部已挖掘的岩土带至上方，墙(1)和底部链刀(3)同时向下运行。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种装配式地下建筑，其特征是所述的墙(1)接口凹槽端的底部和侧面设有轨道(2)，施工时轨道(2)上装有链刀(3)，链刀(3)工作时仅挖掘墙(1)接口凹槽端底部的岩土，由下向上运行的链刀(3)将墙(1)接口凹槽端底部已挖掘的岩土带至上方，墙(1)和底部链刀(3)同时向下运行。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种装配式地下建筑，其特征是所述的一字墙(1-1)两端的接口分A、B和C三种结构：A、一端为凹槽，另一端为凸部；B、两端均为凸部；C、两端均为凹槽。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的一种装配式地下建筑，其特征是所述的丅字墙(1-2)和十字墙(1-3)均是由一字墙(1-1)组成的。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种装配式地下建筑，其特征是所述的一字接口是应用于接口处有两个墙(1)的连接。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种装配式地下建筑，其特征是所述的丅字接口分A、B两种结构：A、应用于接口处两个的墙(1)的连接；B、应用于接口处有三个墙(1)的连接。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种装配式地下建筑，其特征是所述的十字接口分A、B两种结构：A、应用于接口处三个的墙(1)的连接；B、应用于接口处四个的墙(1)的连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种装配式地下建筑，其特征是所述的墙(1)是地下连续墙或驳岸。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种装配式地下建筑，其特征是所述的具体施工法有如下步骤：
    1)预制墙(1)；
    2)将墙(1)运至安装处，先施工端部接口为凹部的墙(1)
    3)在墙(1)底部和侧面的轨道(2)上安装链刀(3)和链刀驱动装置等；
    4)在墙(1)凹槽端接口处的底部和侧面的轨道(2)上安装链刀(3)和链刀驱动装置等；
    5)墙(1)底部链刀(3)挖掘岩土，侧面由下向上运行的链刀(3)将已挖掘的岩土带至上方；
    6)墙(1)和底部的链刀(3)一起下降；
    7)墙(1)下降到设定的深度，拆除链刀驱动装置和链刀(3)；
    8)在另一接口为凸部的墙(1)上安装链刀(3)及链刀驱动装置等；
    9)将未施工的墙(1)上的凸部嵌入已施工的墙(1)接口处凹部的槽内；
    10)墙(1)底部链刀(3)挖掘岩土，侧面由下向上运行的链刀(3)将已挖掘的岩土带至上方；
    11)墙(1)和底部的链刀(3)一起下降；
    12)墙(1)下降到设定的深度，拆除链刀驱动装置和链刀(3)；
    13)清除两墙(1)接口处凹槽空腔内的岩土，并灌注混凝土；
    重复上述2)至13)的施工，直至完成全部墙(1)的施工。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种装配式地下建筑，其特征是所述的地下建筑完成墙(1)的施工后，再挖掘四周墙内的岩土，进行地下室的施工。
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