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WO2018173563A1 - Système de pompe, dispositif d'estimation de débit de pompe, et procédé d'estimation de débit de pompe - Google Patents

Système de pompe, dispositif d'estimation de débit de pompe, et procédé d'estimation de débit de pompe Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018173563A1
WO2018173563A1 PCT/JP2018/005265 JP2018005265W WO2018173563A1 WO 2018173563 A1 WO2018173563 A1 WO 2018173563A1 JP 2018005265 W JP2018005265 W JP 2018005265W WO 2018173563 A1 WO2018173563 A1 WO 2018173563A1
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Prior art keywords
estimated value
pump
power
motor
head
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
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山縣　裕巳
正剛 稲葉
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Nidec Corp
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Nidec Corp
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  • the present application relates to a pump system, a pump flow rate estimation device, and a pump flow rate estimation method.
  • Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2009-288231 discloses a technique for estimating a flow rate without using a flow meter.
  • the flow rate is estimated on the assumption that the actual suction head, which is the difference in level between the water level of the water tank and the pump center level, is a known constant value.
  • the water level of the well varies depending on the season, and can vary greatly depending on the pumping situation of other wells around it.
  • the assumption that the actual suction head is a constant value does not hold. Therefore, the above flow rate estimation method has a problem that accurate flow rate estimation cannot be performed in a situation where the water level changes like a well.
  • a flow meter that can accurately measure the flow rate is generally expensive. For example, in developing countries, in order to use water pumped from many deep wells for irrigation, a technique for accurately estimating the pump flow rate without using an expensive flow meter is required.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a pump system, a pump flow rate estimating apparatus, and a pump flow rate estimating method capable of estimating a flow rate with high accuracy without using a flow meter even when the head can change.
  • the pump system of the present disclosure includes a pump that pumps liquid at a first level to a second level that is higher than the first level, a permanent magnet synchronous motor that operates the pump, and the permanent A motor driving device electrically connected to the magnet synchronous motor and supplying electric power to the permanent magnet synchronous motor; and electrically connected to at least one of the permanent magnet synchronous motor and the motor driving device to monitor the electric power Measurement data, first data defining the relationship between the head defined by the difference between the first level and the second level, the number of revolutions of the permanent magnet synchronous motor per unit time, and the power; and A storage device storing second data defining a relationship between a discharge amount per predetermined time by the pump and the lift and the power; Serial motor driving device, and a said measuring circuit controller, and connected to the storage device.
  • the control device determines an estimated value of the head from the first data stored in the storage device based on the measured value or estimated value of the rotational speed and the monitor value of the power, and the head of the head Based on the estimated value and the monitor value of the power, the estimated value of the discharge amount is determined from the second data stored in the storage device, and the estimated value of the discharged amount is output.
  • the pump flow estimator of the present disclosure is, in an exemplary embodiment, a pump flow estimator used with a pump system, wherein the pump system causes a liquid at a first level to be second higher than the first level. And a permanent magnet synchronous motor that operates the pump, and a motor drive device that is electrically connected to the permanent magnet synchronous motor and supplies electric power to the permanent magnet synchronous motor.
  • the pump flow rate estimating device is electrically connected to at least one of the permanent magnet synchronous motor and the motor driving device, and is defined by a measurement circuit that monitors the power and a difference between the first level and the second level.
  • the control device determines an estimated value of the head from the first data stored in the storage device based on the measured value or estimated value of the rotational speed and the monitor value of the power, and the head of the head Based on the estimated value and the monitor value of the power, the estimated value of the discharge amount is determined from the second data stored in the storage device, and the estimated value of the discharged amount is output.
  • the pump flow estimation method of the present disclosure includes a pump that pumps liquid at a first level to a second level that is higher than the first level, a permanent magnet synchronous motor that operates the pump,
  • a pump flow rate estimation method in a pump system comprising: a motor drive device electrically connected to the permanent magnet synchronous motor and supplying electric power to the permanent magnet synchronous motor, wherein the first level and the second level Using the first data that defines the relationship between the head defined by the difference, the number of revolutions per unit time of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the power, the measured value or estimated value of the number of revolutions and the monitor value of the power
  • the estimated value of the head is determined from the second data, and the second data for defining the relationship between the discharge amount per predetermined time by the pump, the head, and the electric power. Is used to determine the estimated value of the amount discharged from said the estimate of the lift and the monitor value of the power.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating pumping of liquid by a submersible pump.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating pumping of liquid by a submersible pump.
  • FIG. 2B is a graph showing the relationship between the motor rotation speed R
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a pump system according to the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration example of an embodiment of a pump system according to the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically illustrating a change in the water level in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of an internal configuration of a control unit that can be used in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of an inverter circuit that can be used in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating some of the operations that may be performed in the pump system of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating another part of the operations that can be performed in the pump system of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram schematically illustrating a modification of the pump system according to the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 12 is a graph illustrating time dependency of electric power (generated electric power and motor electric power consumption) in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 13 is a graph illustrating the time dependence of the estimated value of the flow rate and the estimated value of the head according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 14 is a graph illustrating the time dependency of the motor rotation speed and the flow rate in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 15 is a graph showing a relationship between an estimated value of the flow rate in the embodiment of the present disclosure and a value of the flow rate measured by the flow meter (comparative example).
  • the inventors have determined the “head” necessary for estimating the pump flow rate as the power consumption of the motor and the unit time of the motor. I found out that it can be obtained from the number of revolutions.
  • the term “lift” is defined by the difference (level difference) between the first level and the second level. Further, in the present specification, “the number of rotations of the motor per unit time” may be simply referred to as “the number of rotations of the motor” or “the motor speed”.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration example in which the liquid 12 stored in the first liquid tank 11L is pumped up by the pumping pipe 13 and given to the second liquid tank 11U.
  • the pump unit 100 includes a pump and a motor, and operates in a state where the pump unit 100 is completely immersed in the liquid of the first liquid tank 11L.
  • the pump of the pump unit 100 has blades (not shown) such as an impeller. The blades are mechanically connected to the rotation shaft of the motor and rotate according to the rotation of the motor.
  • the liquid 12 sucked from a suction port (not shown) of the pump unit 100 is pushed upward in the pumping pipe 13 by the pump unit 100.
  • the height difference H from the level (first level) L1 of the liquid level of the first liquid tank 11L to the highest pumping position (second level) L2 is the actual lifting height.
  • the pump unit 100 pumps, for example, deep well water
  • most of the energy given to the liquid by the pump unit 100 is converted into an increase in potential energy.
  • the remaining energy can be consumed as in-tube losses and fluid kinetic energy.
  • the difference in height (actual head) between the first level and the second level can be treated as the total head.
  • the in-pipe loss or the like cannot be ignored, a value obtained by adding the in-pipe loss to the actual head may be used as the “lift” in the present disclosure.
  • the simple term “lift” means “actual lift”.
  • the inequality of h1 ⁇ h2 ⁇ h3 ⁇ h4 ⁇ h5 holds.
  • the rotational speed R of the motor increases as the power consumption P increases.
  • the power consumption P of the motor increases as the lift H increases.
  • the rotational speed R of the motor is the rotational speed per unit time of the motor, and is typically the rotational speed per minute (unit: rpm).
  • the graph of FIG. 2A expresses the relationship between the head H, the rotational speed R of the motor, and the power consumption P.
  • data indicating the relationship between the head H, the rotational speed R of the motor, and the power consumption P is obtained through experiments or simulations. Reference is made to the value of head H from rotation speed R and power consumption P.
  • the head H is discrete and sparse.
  • the relationship between the motor rotation speed R and the power consumption P can be obtained by experiments or the like for a larger number of different heads.
  • the head H is dense and can be continuous at the limit of the number of complements.
  • the interval or pitch of the lift H in this graph corresponds to the resolution of the estimated value of the lift.
  • the relationship between the motor rotation speed R and the power consumption P may be obtained for a plurality of heads that differ by 0.5 meters.
  • the relationship between the head H, the motor speed R, and the power consumption P can also be expressed by an approximate function F1 (R, P). If such an approximate function F1 (R, P) is used, the head H is calculated when the motor speed R and the power consumption P are given.
  • the above relationship can be expressed by a table such as a lookup table instead of using an approximate function.
  • a table such as a lookup table instead of using an approximate function.
  • the aforementioned table has a configuration in which the value of the head H is assigned to each of the possible sets of the rotational speed R and the power consumption P.
  • the above approximate functions (formulas) and tables are data (first data) that define the relationship between the head, the rotational speed of the motor, and the power consumption. If there is first data that defines the relationship between the head, the rotational speed of the motor, and the power consumption, the head can be estimated from the rotational speed of the motor and the power consumption during the operation of the pump system. Even in situations where it is difficult to actually measure the water level, such as in a deep well, the present disclosure makes it possible to estimate the head with high accuracy. Note that the rotational speed and power consumption of the motor can be easily measured or estimated when executing the control algorithm of the permanent magnet synchronous motor. In addition, since the power consumption of the motor substantially matches the power (supply power) supplied to the motor, in this disclosure, the power consumption of the motor is equivalent to the power (supply power) supplied to the motor. It may be broken.
  • the pump discharge amount Q is a discharge amount per predetermined time. When the predetermined time is 1 minute, the discharge amount per predetermined time corresponds to a “flow rate” expressed in units of liters / minute or cubic meters / minute.
  • the “discharge amount Q” on the vertical axis in the graphs of FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B is the discharge amount per minute (unit: liter / minute) and corresponds to the flow rate of the pump.
  • the scale of the vertical axis is arbitrary.
  • the unit of the horizontal axis is, for example, watts, and its scale is arbitrary.
  • FIG. 3A can be obtained by actually measuring the relationship between the power consumption P of the motor and the pump discharge amount Q for each of a plurality of different heads.
  • FIG. 3B shows a graph created by complementing the data of FIG. 3A. The graph of FIG. 3B shows the relationship between the pump discharge amount Q, the lift H, and the motor power consumption P. Based on this relationship, the pump discharge amount Q can be expressed by an approximate function F2 (P, H). If such an approximate function F2 (P, H) is used, when the motor power consumption P and the head H are given, the pump discharge amount Q is calculated.
  • the above relationship can be expressed by a table such as a lookup table instead of using an approximate function.
  • a table such as a lookup table instead of using an approximate function.
  • the head is estimated based on the rotational speed of the motor and the power consumption. For this reason, for example, even if the water level of the well changes depending on the pumping condition and season in the surrounding area, it is possible to estimate the pump discharge amount with high accuracy in consideration of the change in the pump head.
  • the “lift” in the present disclosure can be interpreted as a parameter that reflects the actual head fluctuation in the estimation of the flow rate. Therefore, the estimated value of the lift does not need to match the actual value of the distance H from the first level to the second level.
  • the motor power consumption has a value obtained by subtracting “loss” from the power supplied to the motor. Most of this loss is due to the Joule heat of the cable. The amount of loss by the cable is about several percent of the power supplied to the motor. For this reason, the loss can be ignored. Further, in each pump system, the length of the cable and the specific resistance of the conductor do not fluctuate, so the magnitude of the resistance causing the loss can be treated as a constant value.
  • the relationship between the power consumption of the motor and the power supplied to the motor can also be approximated by a simple relationship (for example, a proportional relationship). In the present application, the operation of the present disclosure will be described using the power consumption of the motor as an example. As described above, the power consumption of the motor and the power supplied to the motor can be treated equivalently, and the significance of distinguishing between the two is considered. There is no.
  • FIG. 4 shows an example of the pump system 1000 in the present embodiment.
  • the pump system 1000 includes a pump unit 100 and a control unit 200.
  • the pump unit 100 includes a pump 10 and a motor 20 that operates the pump 10.
  • the pump 10 in the present embodiment is a submersible pump that is used while being immersed in water.
  • the pump system of the present disclosure can be suitably used for pumping deep well water, but the target of pumping is not limited to water, and may be hot water, petroleum, or other liquids.
  • the pump 10 can pump the liquid at the first level to a second level higher than the first level using a pumping pipe not shown in FIG. As described with reference to FIG. 1, the head is defined by the difference (level difference) between the first level and the second level.
  • the motor 20 is a permanent magnet synchronous motor.
  • a typical example of a permanent magnet synchronous motor is a brush thread DC motor.
  • the motor 20 has a configuration capable of operating in water.
  • the motor 20 is a “sensorless type” that does not have a rotational position detection sensor such as a Hall element or a rotary encoder.
  • the control unit 200 is usually installed and used on the ground.
  • the control unit 200 includes a motor driving device 30 that supplies electric power to the motor 20 to drive the motor 20, and a measurement circuit 40 that monitors this electric power (power consumption).
  • the motor driving device 30 is electrically connected to the motor 20 by a cable 50.
  • the cable 50 is illustrated as a single line, but the actual cable 50 may be a bundle of a plurality of wires through which currents of U, V, and W phases respectively flow, for example.
  • the cable 50 may include wiring connected to a water level gauge (not shown).
  • a typical example of the motor drive device 30 includes an inverter circuit.
  • the inverter circuit includes a bridge circuit in which a plurality of switching elements are connected to each other, and can generate a plurality of phases of AC power from a DC power supply.
  • the motor drive device 30 may include a gate driver circuit that drives the gate of each switching element in the inverter circuit.
  • the gate driver circuit may be included in the control device 70 described later.
  • the measurement circuit 40 is electrically connected to at least one of the motor 20 and the motor drive device 30.
  • the measurement circuit 40 monitors the power supplied to the motor 20 from the motor drive device 30 (power consumption of the motor). This power (power consumption of the motor) can be obtained from the voltage applied to the motor 20 and the current flowing through the motor 20.
  • the voltage applied to the motor and the current flowing through the motor are measured when driving a permanent magnet synchronous motor such as a brushless DC motor. For this reason, using the measurement circuit 40 for monitoring power does not particularly complicate the configuration of the apparatus and does not increase the manufacturing cost.
  • the measurement circuit 40 may be separated into a circuit for measuring voltage and a circuit for measuring current. In the example of FIG. 4, the measurement circuit 40 is connected to the motor drive device 30 and the cable 50, but the connection destination of the measurement circuit 40 is not limited to this example.
  • the pump system 1000 further includes a storage device 60 and a control device 70.
  • the storage device 60 and the control device 70 are provided inside the control unit 200.
  • a typical example of the storage device 60 is a semiconductor memory, but the storage device 60 may be composed of another storage medium.
  • the storage device 60 is described as one block, but the storage device 60 may include a plurality of memory devices.
  • the plurality of memory devices that make up the storage device 60 may include different types of storage media, for example, non-volatile memory devices such as EEPROMs, solid state drives, hard disk drives, and volatile memory devices such as RAM.
  • a part of the plurality of memory devices may be a removable memory device.
  • a typical example of the control device 70 is a semiconductor device composed of one or a plurality of semiconductor integrated circuit chips.
  • the main part of the control device 70 in the present embodiment can be realized by a commercially available microcontroller unit (MCU).
  • MCU microcontroller unit
  • the control device 70 and the storage device 60 do not have to be separate electronic components. At least a part of the storage device 60 may be mounted in one semiconductor package together with a semiconductor chip constituting the control device 70.
  • the storage device 60 stores first data that defines the relationship between the head, the rotational speed of the motor 20, and the power consumption. By using the first data, an estimated value of the head can be determined from the rotation speed and power consumption of the motor 20. Although the rotation speed of the motor 20, that is, the motor speed, can be detected by a rotor position sensor attached to the motor 20, the motor 20 used in this embodiment is a sensorless type that does not include a rotor position sensor. . For this reason, in this embodiment, an estimated value of the motor speed (the number of rotations) is acquired from the rotational position of the rotor estimated in the course of executing the vector control algorithm.
  • the storage device 60 also stores second data that defines the relationship between the discharge amount (pump flow rate) per predetermined time by the pump 10 and the head and motor power consumption. By using the second data, the estimated value of the discharge amount per predetermined time by the pump 10 can be determined from the head and the power consumption.
  • the first data and the second data are stored in the storage device 60 from the shipment stage of the pump system.
  • the first data and the second data may be written to the storage device 60 when the pump system 1000 is installed at the site or after that.
  • the contents of the first data and the second data may be updated after the installation of the pump system 1000 or may be partially corrected.
  • the control device 70 is connected to the motor drive device 30, the measurement circuit 40, and the storage device 60 by a bus line or other wiring.
  • the control device 70 determines the estimated value of the lift from the first data stored in the storage device 60 based on the measured value or estimated value of the motor speed and the monitored value of the motor power consumption.
  • the controller 70 stores the estimated value of the lift in the storage device 60 or another storage device.
  • the control device 70 determines the estimated value of the discharge amount from the second data stored in the storage device 60 based on the estimated value of the head and the monitor value of the motor power consumption, and the estimated value of the discharged amount Is output.
  • the stored estimated value of the head is read from the storage device, and the monitor value of the motor power consumption is obtained from the measurement circuit.
  • the first data does not necessarily need to be data after interpolation as shown in FIG. 2B.
  • numerical data defining the relationship between the rotational speed and the power may be included for each of a relatively small number of pre-selected heads (for example, 5 to 10).
  • the control device 70 acquires the measured value or estimated value of the rotational speed and the monitor value of the power, and then based on the numerical data, from a plurality of preselected values of the head, for example, by interpolation calculation, An estimated value of the head can be calculated.
  • the pump system 1000 further includes a communication device 80 and a power generation device 90.
  • a power storage device such as a secondary battery may be provided in addition to the power generation device 90 or instead of the power generation device 90.
  • the communication device 80 is connected to the control device 70.
  • the communication device 80 can be connected to the Internet and other networks by wireless and / or wired.
  • Examples of external devices that communicate with the pump system 1000 via the communication device 80 may include a mobile terminal such as a smartphone, a computer that can function as a cloud server, and the like.
  • the control device 70 acquires the measured value or estimated value of the rotational speed and the power monitor value at least once a day, and updates the estimated value of the head.
  • the control device 70 can transmit information including an estimated value of the discharge amount per unit time by the pump 10 from the communication device 80 to the outside.
  • the control device 70 may periodically transmit information including an estimated value of the discharge amount (flow rate) per unit time by the pump 10 from the communication device 80 to the outside, or respond to a request from the outside. May be transmitted.
  • the information including the estimated value of the discharge amount may include, for example, the discharge amount per day, the discharge amount per hour, and the discharge amount every several minutes. Such information may include other motor information related to the power consumption, rotation speed, etc. of the motor 20.
  • the communication device 80 it is possible to monitor the pump discharge amount (flow rate) and the like even from a remote location.
  • the control device 70 is also connected to the power generation device 90. In a preferred embodiment, it is programmed to control the operation of the power generator 90.
  • the power generation device 90 supplies power from the motor drive device 30.
  • An example of the power generation device 90 is a solar power generation device including a solar battery (Photovoltaic Cells) panel, and supplies DC power to the motor drive device 30. Even when a power storage device is connected to the motor drive device 30 instead of the power generation device 90, DC power is supplied from the power storage device to the motor drive device 30.
  • Electric power may be supplied to the motor drive device 30 directly or indirectly from the grid (grid) without using the power generation device 90.
  • a circuit for converting alternating current into direct current may be provided in front of or inside the motor drive device 30.
  • the control device 70 can perform not only operations necessary for estimating the lift and discharge amount, but also operations necessary for motor control and power generation control. That is, the control device 70 generates a signal for controlling the motor driving device 30 and sends this signal to the motor driving device 30. Moreover, the control apparatus 70 produces
  • FIG. 5 schematically shows a configuration example of an embodiment (solar pump system) in which the solar battery panel is responsible for the power generation function of the pump system.
  • the pump system 2000 in the present embodiment includes a pump unit 100 including the pump 10 and the motor 20 located near the bottom of the well 400, a pumping pipe 13 connected to the pump unit 100, a control unit 200 located on the ground, And a solar cell panel 300 that generates electric power to be supplied to the pump unit 100.
  • the length of the pumping pipe 13 may be, for example, 10 meters or more and 100 meters or less.
  • the pump 10 can pump the water at the first level L1 to the second level L2 higher than the first level L1 through the pumping pipe 13.
  • the head H is represented by H1 + H2.
  • FIG. 6 schematically shows a state in which the water level of the well indicated by the first level L1 is lower than that in the example of FIG. 5 in the pump system 2000 of the present embodiment.
  • the distance H1 from the first level L1 to the ground G changes, so that the head H changes even if the distance H2 from the ground G to the second level L2 is constant.
  • the change of the head H requires that the curve to be selected from the group of curves shown in the graph of FIG. 3B is changed when the discharge amount is estimated.
  • an estimated value of the head H can be acquired based on the first data described above. For this reason, according to the fluctuation
  • the upper part of the well 400 is closed with a lid 15.
  • One end of the pumping pipe 13 is connected to the pump unit 100, and the other end is connected to the discharge pipe 14.
  • the tip of the discharge pipe 14 is disposed so as to discharge water into a tank for storing water or an irrigation channel.
  • the cable 50 electrically connects the motor 20 in the pump unit 100 and the ground control unit 200 through the opening hole of the lid 15.
  • the solar cell panel 300 is supported by a column 64 of a base 62 fixed to the ground G.
  • the power generation device including the solar cell panel 300 is electrically connected to the control unit 200 (see FIG. 4).
  • the control unit 200 is also supported by the column 64.
  • the ground G shown in the figure is flat, the ground G may be inclined or undulated.
  • the internal configuration of the control unit 200 includes a motor drive device 30, a measurement circuit 40, a storage device 60, and a control device 70 as described with reference to FIG. 4 is provided in the same housing as the control unit 200, and the antenna of the communication device 80 is not shown.
  • 4 includes a solar cell panel 300 as shown in FIG. 5, a known power generation control circuit (not shown) for controlling the electric power generated by the solar cell panel 300 is added to the control unit 200. Can be done.
  • the power generation control circuit may include a converter such as a step-down circuit or a step-up circuit.
  • MPPT Maximum Power Point Tracker
  • a part or all of the computations necessary for MPPT control may be executed by the control device 70 of FIG.
  • the calculation required for MPPT control may be performed by another microcontroller (not shown).
  • the amount of power generated by the solar cell panel 300 changes according to the solar altitude. For this reason, the control apparatus 70 in this embodiment produces
  • FIG. When the solar altitude is high and the amount of power generated by the solar cell panel 300 is relatively large, the motor 20 is driven by the motor driving device 30 so that the power consumption is increased.
  • the control unit 200 includes an inverter circuit 30 ⁇ / b> A that functions as the motor driving device 30, a current measuring device 40 ⁇ / b> A and voltage measuring device 40 ⁇ / b> B that function as the measuring circuit 40, and a semiconductor integrated function that functions as the control device 70.
  • the semiconductor integrated circuit 72 further includes a microcontroller unit (MCU) 70A, a memory 46, and A / D conversion circuits 42 and 44.
  • MCU microcontroller unit
  • the inverter circuit 30A is electrically connected to a brushless DC motor 20A having a stator 20S and a rotor 20R. More specifically, stator 20S has a U-phase winding, a V-phase winding, and a W-phase winding, and is electrically connected to the U-phase output, V-phase output, and W-phase output of inverter circuit 30A, respectively. It is connected to the.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a basic configuration of the inverter circuit 30A.
  • the inverter circuit 30A is electrically connected to the three-phase (U, V, W phase) windings of the motor 20A.
  • the inverter circuit 30 ⁇ / b> A illustrated in FIG. 8 is a general-purpose inverter circuit including a full bridge inverter, and can generally be used by being connected to a DC power source 500.
  • the power generation device 90 described above functions as the DC power source 500.
  • the voltage output from the DC power supply 500 can change according to the amount of power generated by the solar cell panel.
  • the inverter circuit 30A in FIG. 8 includes switching elements HS 1 , HS 2 , HS 3 , LS 1 , LS 2 , and LS 3 .
  • Each of the switching elements HS 1 , HS 2 , HS 3 , LS 1 , LS 2 , LS 3 is, for example, a MOS field effect transistor (MOSFET) having a built-in free-wheeling diode or free-wheeling diode elements connected in parallel. It can be a MOSFET.
  • An insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) may be used instead of the MOSFET.
  • These switching elements HS 1 , HS 2 , HS 3 , LS 1 , LS 2 , LS 3 constitute a three-phase full bridge circuit.
  • Each gate electrode (gate terminal) of the switching elements HS 1 , HS 2 , HS 3 , LS 1 , LS 2 , LS 3 is connected to the MCU 70A of FIG.
  • switching elements HS 1 and LS 1 have a first connection point N 1 between high side line PL connected to the positive side of DC power supply 500 and low side line NL connected to the negative side. Are connected in series.
  • the first connection point N1 is connected to one end of the U-phase winding in the stator 20S.
  • the switching elements HS 2 and LS 2 are connected in series between the high side line PL and the low side line NL via the second connection point N2.
  • the second connection point N2 is connected to one end of the V-phase winding in the stator 20S.
  • the switching elements HS 3 and LS 3 are connected in series via the third connection point N3 between the high side line PL and the low side line NL.
  • the third connection point N3 is connected to one end of the W-phase winding in the stator 20S.
  • the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase windings are connected by Y connection or delta connection. For this reason, for example, when a current is passed through the U-phase winding, the current needs to be fed back through at least one of the V-phase winding and the W-phase winding.
  • Opening / closing of the switching elements HS 1 , HS 2 , HS 3 , LS 1 , LS 2 , LS 3 in the inverter circuit 30A can typically be controlled according to a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal formed by the MCU 70A.
  • PWM pulse width modulation
  • the rotor 20R has a plurality of permanent magnets (not shown).
  • the rotational speed of rotor 20R that is, the rotational speed per unit time, can be variably controlled by the frequency of the AC voltage applied to each of the U-phase winding, V-phase winding, and W-phase winding of stator 20S.
  • the magnitude of the current flowing through each of the U-phase winding, V-phase winding, and W-phase winding of the stator 20S is measured by the current measuring device 40A.
  • the measurement result of the current measuring device 40A is input to the A / D conversion circuit 42 of the semiconductor integrated circuit 72.
  • the configuration and connection of the current measuring device 40A are not limited to the illustrated example, and are arbitrary.
  • the magnitude of the voltage applied to the motor 20A is defined by the voltage applied to the inverter circuit 30A, that is, the magnitude of the voltage between the high side line PL and the low side line NL.
  • This voltage is measured by the voltage measuring device 40B.
  • the measurement result of the voltage measuring device 40B is input to the A / D conversion circuit 44 of the semiconductor integrated circuit 72.
  • the configuration and connection of the voltage measuring device 40B are not limited to the illustrated example, and are arbitrary.
  • the voltage measuring device 40B can also function as a voltage protection circuit.
  • the MCU 70A receives the outputs of the A / D conversion circuits 42 and 44.
  • the MCU 70A executes various algorithms according to the program recorded in the memory 46. These algorithms include a control algorithm for the motor 20A.
  • a typical example of the motor control algorithm is a vector control algorithm.
  • the sensorless vector control algorithm in order to monitor the operation state of the motor, the current value, voltage value, rotation speed, and the like of the motor are sensed every 50 microseconds. Specifically, the rotational position and rotational speed of the rotor 20R can be estimated with high accuracy based on the magnitude of the current detected by the current measuring device 40A.
  • the MCU 70A of the present embodiment acquires an estimated value of the rotation speed of the rotor 20R, in other words, an estimated value of the motor rotation number per unit time.
  • the estimated value of the rotational speed is used not only for controlling the motor 20A but also for estimating the head by the MCU 70A.
  • the MCU 70A can acquire the power consumption value of the motor 20A based on the outputs of the A / D conversion circuits 42 and 44. This power consumption is used for both the estimation of the head and the estimation of the discharge amount.
  • the memory 46 may function as the storage device 60 that stores the first data and the second data described above. Further, such a storage device 60 may be composed of a memory device different from the memory 46.
  • step S1 the MCU 70A in FIG. 7 reads the setting value before starting the head from the storage device 60 in FIG. 4 (or the memory 46 in FIG. 7).
  • the pre-startup set value may be a fixed default value, or may be an estimated head value recorded in the storage device 60 or the like at the end of the previous operation.
  • step S2 the MCU 70A determines whether or not the first specified time has elapsed.
  • the time measurement can be executed based on, for example, a count value by a timer (not shown) included in the MCU 70A.
  • the first specified time is, for example, 1 second. In the case of Yes, it progresses to step S3. In the case of No, the determination in step S2 is repeated until the first specified time has elapsed.
  • step S3 the MCU 70A acquires a measured value of the motor current.
  • step S4 the MCU 70A obtains a measured value of the motor voltage. Acquisition (monitoring) of these measurement values can be performed by the current measuring device 40A and the voltage measuring device 40B shown in FIG. The power consumption of the motor is determined from the measured values of the motor current and voltage.
  • step S5 the MCU 70A acquires an estimated value of the motor rotation speed. The estimated value of the motor rotation speed can be acquired during the vector control process executed by the MCU 70A.
  • the order of steps S3, S4, and S5 is not particularly limited, and steps S3, S4, and S5 may be executed simultaneously.
  • step S6 the MCU 70A checks the stability of the motor operation. More specifically, the MCU 70A monitors whether or not the motor control operation is normal based on, for example, the rotation speed of the motor, the input power, and the magnitude and / or fluctuation of the power consumption.
  • the stability of the motor operation can be evaluated according to the value of.
  • the process proceeds to step S10, and the previous head estimation value is read. Note that the number of rotations of the motor, the input power, and the power consumption are detected at intervals of, for example, 50 microseconds in the process of executing sensorless vector control. For this reason, when an abnormality occurs in the operation of the motor, it is quickly detected separately from the flow shown in FIG.
  • the acquisition of the motor current value, voltage value, and rotation speed in steps S3 to S5 may be an average value of, for example, one minute of measured values or estimated values acquired for performing motor vector control.
  • step S7 the MCU 70A determines whether or not the second specified time has elapsed.
  • the second specified time is, for example, 10 minutes. In the case of Yes, it progresses to step S8 of FIG. In the case of No, the processing from step S2 to step S7 is repeated until the second specified time has elapsed.
  • the pump system designer changes the second specified time, the update interval of the head estimated value is adjusted.
  • step S8 the MCU 70A determines whether or not the motor operation is sufficiently stable to perform the flow rate estimation process of the present disclosure. In the case of Yes, it progresses to step S9. If No, the head is not estimated and the process proceeds to step S10.
  • step S10 the MCU 70A reads from the storage device the estimated value of the head that has been acquired by the previous processing and recorded in the storage device.
  • the motor power consumption and rotational speed may fluctuate immediately after the pump system is started, immediately before it is stopped, or when the sunshine fluctuation is severe. In such a case, it is preferable not to estimate the head.
  • Step S8 the MCU 70A determines whether or not the motor operation is stable, selects the time when the motor operation is stable, and acquires the estimated value of the lift. Since the head does not change greatly in a short time (for example, 10 minutes or less), select the time when the motor operation is stable, obtain an estimated value of the head, and the transient period until the motor operation becomes stable is Even if the estimated value is continuously used, a large error does not occur. Whether or not the operation is stable can be determined, for example, based on whether or not fluctuations in the rotation speed and power of the motor are below a predetermined level.
  • the MCU 70A refers to the first data from the monitor value of the motor power consumption obtained in steps S3, S4, and S5 and the estimated value of the motor rotation speed, and acquires the estimated value of the head. Specifically, the MCU 70A reads the numerical value of the first data from the storage device 60 in FIG. 4 or the memory 46 in FIG. This numerical value is the value of the head corresponding to the monitor value of the motor power consumption and the estimated value of the motor rotational speed when the first data is in a table format. When the first data includes a set of coefficients that define a mathematical formula for calculating the head, the MCU 70A obtains the set of coefficients from the first data and performs an operation for obtaining an estimated value of the head.
  • step S11 the MCU 70A determines whether or not the difference between the acquired estimated current head value and the previous estimated head value is equal to or less than a specified value.
  • This specified value is, for example, 2 meters.
  • MCU70A updates a head estimated value.
  • step S13 the MCU 70 ⁇ / b> A updates the previous lift estimated value to a value increased or decreased by a specified value (for example, 2 meters) according to the difference between the latest lift estimated value and the previous lift estimated value. .
  • a specified value for example, 2 meters
  • step S14 the MCU 70A acquires an estimated value of the flow rate (discharge amount) with reference to the second data from the estimated value of the head and the power consumption of the motor. After performing the process of step S14, the process returns to step S2 of FIG.
  • the monitor value of the motor power consumption and the estimated value of the rotational speed are acquired every minute, and the estimated value of the head is updated every ten minutes.
  • the estimated head value is updated, the estimated flow rate is obtained.
  • an estimated flow rate is obtained every 10 minutes. For example, assuming that the estimated value of the flow rate acquired at time t is q (t) liter / minute, the discharge amount for 10 minutes is q (t) ⁇ liter.
  • the total discharge amount during that period can be obtained. For example, the total discharge amount (total amount of water pumped up in one day) during the time when the pump system is operating can be obtained every day.
  • the pump system operated by solar power generation stops at night when power is not generated.
  • every day when starting for the first time of the day, there can be a situation where there is no water in the pumping pipe of the pump system. Therefore, water is not discharged from the pump system during a period in which water is pushed up from the pump to the discharge port of the pumping pipe after startup. Therefore, when the integrated value of the actual discharge amount is obtained, the estimated value of the discharge amount obtained immediately after startup should not be included in the calculation.
  • the control device determines the estimated value of the discharge amount and outputs the estimated value of the discharge amount, the liquid is first pumped from the first level to the second level after the pump is started.
  • a value corresponding to the liquid amount is subtracted from the estimated value of the discharge amount. For this reason, after starting, the time until the inside of the empty pumping pipe is filled with water and the discharge starts is obtained. Do not perform integration. The time until the inside of the empty pumping pipe is filled with water and the discharge is started can be calculated according to the length of the piping such as the pumping pipe. The contents of such processing can be determined by a program that defines the operation of the MCU 70A of FIG.
  • a set of components that function as a “pump flow rate estimation device” may be manufactured and sold separately from the pump unit 100.
  • Such a pump flow rate estimation device is electrically connected to at least one of a permanent magnet synchronous motor and a motor drive device, and has a measuring circuit for monitoring power and a head defined by the difference between the first level and the second level. Is stored in the first data that defines the relationship between the rotational speed per unit time and the electric power of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the second data that defines the relationship between the pump discharge amount per predetermined time, the lift, and the power
  • This control device determines an estimated head value from the first data stored in the storage device based on the measured value or estimated value of the rotational speed and the monitor value of power, and Based on the estimated value and the power monitor value, the estimated value of the discharge amount is determined from the second data stored in the storage device, and the estimated value of the discharge amount is output.
  • FIG. 11 shows an example in which the lengths of the pipes (the pumping pipe 13 and the discharge pipe 14) are changed from the initial design values at the installation site.
  • the distance H2 from the ground G to the second level L2 becomes longer. This leads to an increase in the head (actual head) H indicated by H1 + H2.
  • the extension of the discharge pipe 14 in the horizontal and lateral directions does not change the lift (actual lift) H indicated by H1 + H2.
  • the discharge amount (flow rate) during pump operation can be measured using a water meter or a flow meter. ) Is preferably measured.
  • the estimated value of the discharge amount (flow rate) acquired during operation of the pump system is compared with the actual measurement value, and correction may be performed so that the estimated value approaches the actual measurement value.
  • Such correction includes a method of correcting a mathematical expression or table that defines the first data and the second data, or a method of adding a correction amount to the value estimated by the above-described method or multiplying a correction coefficient. It can be realized by using.
  • the cause of the difference between the actually measured value and the estimated value is due to the estimation error of the head, it is possible to improve the accuracy of the flow estimation only by correcting the estimated value of the head obtained by referring to the first data. .
  • the motor drive device 30 including the inverter circuit is arranged in the control unit 200 located on the ground, but the pump system of the present disclosure is not limited to this example.
  • a part or all of the motor drive device 30 may be disposed in the pump unit 100.
  • One motor module may include the motor 20 and the motor driving device 30.
  • the cable extending from the pump unit 100 to the ground may include a power line connected to the power generation device and a signal line connected to the control device. .
  • FIG. 12 is a graph showing time dependence of power and output for the pump system 2000 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the horizontal axis is time, and shows the period from sunrise to sunset in one day.
  • the vertical axis is power.
  • the broken line in the graph indicates the electric power (power generation amount per unit time) generated by the power generation device including the solar battery panel, and the solid line indicates the power consumption of the motor. These electric powers have substantially the same magnitude as each other, and change greatly even in one day.
  • the amount of power generated per unit time by sunlight also depends on the solar altitude and the cloud spreading state.
  • FIG. 13 is a graph showing an estimated value of the flow rate and an estimated value of the head obtained by the pump system 2000 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the left vertical axis is the estimated flow rate
  • the right vertical axis is the estimated head height.
  • the horizontal axis is time, and shows the period from sunrise to sunset in one day. From this graph, a period (stable period) in which the estimated value of the head is stable and indicating about 30 meters and a period (unstable period) in which the estimated value fluctuates unstable before and after that period are observed. If the power supplied to the motor is too small, the control operation of the motor becomes unstable.
  • the estimated value of the head obtained during the unstable period as shown in the graph can be greatly different from the actual value of the head, it is not preferable to use it for estimating the flow rate. According to the procedure described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10, the estimated head value is not updated during such an unstable period.
  • the flow rate increases or decreases according to the motor power consumption shown in FIG.
  • the greater the power supplied to the motor the greater the power consumption of the motor and the greater the flow rate (discharge amount per unit time).
  • FIG. 14 is a graph showing the time dependency of the motor rotation speed (rotation speed per minute) and the flow rate (discharge amount per minute).
  • the flow rate data shown in FIG. 14 is equal to the flow rate data shown in FIG. In this example, since the head is substantially constant, the flow rate changes according to the rotation speed of the motor.
  • FIG. 15 is a graph showing the motor power consumption dependency of the flow rate estimated by the pump system 2000 and the flow rate value (comparative example) measured by the flow meter in the embodiment of the present disclosure. According to the present embodiment, when the motor power consumption exceeds 1500 watts, the error between the estimated value of the flow rate and the actually measured value was about 5% or less.
  • the flow rate that is, the discharge amount per predetermined time can be estimated with high accuracy without providing a flow meter. Since the accuracy of this estimation is maintained even when the head height changes, it becomes possible to accurately monitor the amount of well pumped every day or every predetermined time as compared with the prior art.
  • the pump system of the present disclosure does not require a flow meter and can monitor the discharge amount with high accuracy even in a situation where the head changes. For this reason, it can be used for the purpose of pumping water from a well for irrigation or drinking.
  • the pump system of the present disclosure is not limited to pumping well water, and can be used for various apparatuses or systems that are required to pump liquid.

Landscapes

  • Control Of Non-Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

Dans un mode de réalisation donné à titre d'exemple, l'invention concerne un système de pompe comprenant : une pompe (10) destinée à aspirer un liquide situé à un premier niveau jusqu'à un second niveau, supérieur au premier niveau ; un moteur (20) destiné à provoquer le fonctionnement de la pompe ; un dispositif d'attaque de moteur (30) destiné à fournir de l'énergie au moteur ; un circuit de mesure (40) destiné à surveiller l'énergie ; un dispositif de stockage (60), dans lequel sont stockées des premières données définissant la relation entre la tête, qui est définie en tant que différence entre le premier niveau et le second niveau, et le nombre de rotations du moteur par unité de temps et l'énergie, ainsi que des secondes données définissant la relation entre le débit de refoulement de la pompe, par période de temps prescrite, et la tête et l'énergie ; et un dispositif de commande (70). Le dispositif de commande détermine, à partir des premières données, une valeur estimée pour la tête, sur la base d'une valeur mesurée ou estimée de la vitesse de rotation et de la valeur d'énergie surveillée, détermine, à partir des secondes données, une valeur estimée du débit de refoulement, sur la base de la valeur estimée pour la tête et de la valeur d'énergie surveillée, et produit la valeur estimée du débit de refoulement.
PCT/JP2018/005265 2017-03-22 2018-02-15 Système de pompe, dispositif d'estimation de débit de pompe, et procédé d'estimation de débit de pompe Ceased WO2018173563A1 (fr)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024216333A1 (fr) * 2023-04-17 2024-10-24 Kirtland Mark Jefferson Dispositif de commande destiné à commander une unité de pompe

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62103499A (ja) * 1985-10-30 1987-05-13 Kyocera Corp 太陽光発電装置で運転されるポンプの空転防止方式
JPH0245692A (ja) * 1988-07-28 1990-02-15 Shell Internatl Res Maatschappij Bv 水中電気ポンプの不足負荷を検出するための方法及び装置
JPH08210291A (ja) * 1994-06-15 1996-08-20 Ebara Corp 定流量ポンプ装置
JPH08284841A (ja) * 1995-04-10 1996-10-29 Ebara Corp ポンプ装置
JPH11294845A (ja) * 1998-04-14 1999-10-29 Toshiba Electric Appliance Co Ltd 自動湯張り装置
JP2004232497A (ja) * 2003-01-28 2004-08-19 Ebara Corp 給水装置
JP2006307682A (ja) * 2005-04-26 2006-11-09 Ebara Densan Ltd ポンプ装置
US20120251340A1 (en) * 2011-03-29 2012-10-04 Abb Oy Method for improving sensorless flow rate estimation accuracy of pump driven with frequency converter

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62103499A (ja) * 1985-10-30 1987-05-13 Kyocera Corp 太陽光発電装置で運転されるポンプの空転防止方式
JPH0245692A (ja) * 1988-07-28 1990-02-15 Shell Internatl Res Maatschappij Bv 水中電気ポンプの不足負荷を検出するための方法及び装置
JPH08210291A (ja) * 1994-06-15 1996-08-20 Ebara Corp 定流量ポンプ装置
JPH08284841A (ja) * 1995-04-10 1996-10-29 Ebara Corp ポンプ装置
JPH11294845A (ja) * 1998-04-14 1999-10-29 Toshiba Electric Appliance Co Ltd 自動湯張り装置
JP2004232497A (ja) * 2003-01-28 2004-08-19 Ebara Corp 給水装置
JP2006307682A (ja) * 2005-04-26 2006-11-09 Ebara Densan Ltd ポンプ装置
US20120251340A1 (en) * 2011-03-29 2012-10-04 Abb Oy Method for improving sensorless flow rate estimation accuracy of pump driven with frequency converter

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024216333A1 (fr) * 2023-04-17 2024-10-24 Kirtland Mark Jefferson Dispositif de commande destiné à commander une unité de pompe

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