WO2018172094A1 - Autoclaving with vacuum bag - Google Patents
Autoclaving with vacuum bag Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2018172094A1 WO2018172094A1 PCT/EP2018/055779 EP2018055779W WO2018172094A1 WO 2018172094 A1 WO2018172094 A1 WO 2018172094A1 EP 2018055779 W EP2018055779 W EP 2018055779W WO 2018172094 A1 WO2018172094 A1 WO 2018172094A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- vacuum bag
- assembly
- temperature
- polymer film
- autoclave
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
- B32B17/10816—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by pressing
- B32B17/10871—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by pressing in combination with particular heat treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10082—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet
- B32B17/10119—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet having a composition deviating from the basic composition of soda-lime glass, e.g. borosilicate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10128—Treatment of at least one glass sheet
- B32B17/10137—Chemical strengthening
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/1077—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing polyurethane
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10788—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing ethylene vinylacetate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
- B32B17/10816—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by pressing
- B32B17/10825—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts
- B32B17/10834—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts using a fluid
- B32B17/10844—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts using a fluid using a membrane between the layered product and the fluid
- B32B17/10853—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts using a fluid using a membrane between the layered product and the fluid the membrane being bag-shaped
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
- B32B17/10972—Degassing during the lamination
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2479/00—Furniture
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/08—Cars
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/12—Ships
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/18—Aircraft
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a laminated glass pane, the laminated glass pane obtainable by this manufacturing method, and the use of the laminated glass pane thus produced.
- a first step usually involves arranging and optionally fixing a base disk, at least one polymer film on the base disk and a cover disk on the polymer film or vice versa. This arrangement is transferred in a further process step in a vacuum bag and heated therein under vacuum in an oven. After heating, the assembly is removed from the vacuum bag and cooled. After cooling, the assembly is then autoclaved in a final process step in an autoclave at high temperature and pressure to obtain the finished laminated glass sheet.
- EP 2 647 497 A1 discloses a method for producing a laminated glass pane, wherein an arrangement of a base plate and a cover plate with several intermediate polymer films was first pre-evacuated in a vacuum bag, then heated in an oven and then cooled, then in an autoclave to be autoclaved.
- the object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a laminated glass pane, by which energy and / or working time can be saved over the known methods.
- the method should also be designed as simple as possible.
- the energy and / or working time-saving process the production of curved laminated glass without these are exposed to an uneven pressure distribution during autoclaving.
- a method for producing a laminated glass pane which comprises the following steps: a) arranging at least one polymer film on a base disk and from a cover disk on the at least one polymer film or arranging at least one polymer film on a cover disk and from a base disk to the at least one polymer film; b) placing the assembly obtained in step a) in a vacuum bag; c) evacuating the vacuum bag and heat treating the assembly in the evacuated vacuum bag in an autoclave at a temperature in the range of 60 ° C to 120 ° C; d) stopping the vacuum after the heat treatment in step c) and autoclaving the assembly in the vacuum bag in the autoclave at a temperature equal to or greater than the temperature of the heat treatment in step c).
- the method comprises arranging at least one polymer film on a base disk and from a cover disk onto the at least one polymer film or arranging at least one polymer film on a cover disk and from a base disk onto the at least one polymer film, one arrangement each being obtained in which the at least one polymer film is located between the base disk and the cover disk.
- the order of placement is generally arbitrary, in practice the at least one polymer film is often placed on the cover sheet and then the base sheet placed thereon, especially when the cover sheet is a chemically tempered thin glass sheet.
- the base plate and / or cover plate glass and / or polymers preferably flat glass, quartz glass, borosilicate glass, soda-lime glass, Alkalialuminosilikatglas, polycarbonate and / or polymethacrylate.
- the cover disk and the base disk may be made of the same material or of different material.
- the laminated glass pane may be symmetrical, i. H. the base disk and the cover disk have the same thickness.
- the laminated glass panes are preferably an asymmetrical laminated glass pane, which means that the cover pane has a smaller thickness than the base pane or vice versa.
- the base disk and the cover disk each have a thickness in the range of 0.4 to 20 mm, preferably 0.4 to 6 mm.
- the base and / or cover plate is a chemically tempered thin glass pane, preferably made of alkali aluminosilicate glass.
- the cover plate is a chemically tempered thin glass pane, preferably made of alkali aluminosilicate glass.
- the chemically tempered thin glass pane preferably made of alkali aluminosilicate glass, preferably has a thickness of not more than 1 mm, preferably, the chemically tempered thin glass pane has a thickness in the range of 0.4 to 1 mm, particularly preferably in the range of 0.5 to 0.8 mm.
- the base plate soda-lime glass and the cover plate is a chemically tempered thin glass of alkali aluminosilicate glass.
- the base disk, z. Example from soda-lime glass, a thickness in the range of 0.5 to 20 mm, preferably 1 to 6 mm, and the cover plate is a chemically tempered thin glass plate with a thickness in the range of 0.4 to 1 mm, preferably 0.5 to 0.8 mm.
- the base plate is usually the disc, which represents the outer glass, while the cover plate is the inner glass.
- the base disk and the cover disk can each be flat or curved or arched.
- flat or curved laminated glass panes can be produced.
- Such curved laminated glass panes are also known to those skilled in the art as 3D composite glass panes. Accordingly, non-domed, flat laminated glass panes are referred to as 2D laminated glass panes.
- the domed base and cover plates can according to the known methods, for. B. press bending or gravity bending (gravity bending) are produced.
- the domed shrouds and shrouds are made by press bending, ie, heating the glass to the softening temperature followed by "in-mold,” or by gravity bending, ie, heating the glass to the softening temperature, the subsequent bending being via gravity ,
- both the base disk and the cover disk are each curved glass panes in order to produce a curved laminated glass pane.
- the inventive method is thus particularly suitable for producing a curved laminated glass pane.
- One or more polymer films can be arranged between the base disk and the cover disk.
- the polymer of the at least one polymer film preferably comprises polyvinyl butyral, ethylene vinyl acetate, polyurethane and / or mixtures thereof and / or copolymers thereof, wherein the at least one polymer film is preferably a polyvinyl butyral film.
- the at least one polymer film preferably has a thickness of from 0.1 to 1.5 mm and more preferably from 0.3 to 0.9 mm.
- the at least one polymer film may also be preformed.
- This preforming can according to the known methods, for. B. by deep drawing done.
- a further preferred embodiment is the use of three films in which an additional polymer film between them is arranged between two polymer films as defined above, preferably polyvinyl butyral films.
- the additional polymer film may, for. B. be selected from films of polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polybutylene terephthalate and / or mixtures and / or copolymers thereof, wherein a polyethylene terephthalate is preferred.
- the additional polymer film may, for. B. a thickness in the range of 20 to 100 ⁇ , preferably 40 to 60 ⁇ have.
- the assembly formed in step a) may optionally be prefixed prior to placement in the vacuum bag, e.g. B. by selective heating. Preference is given to a selective heating to a temperature in the range of 60 ° C to 90 ° C. Under point heating is understood here that the arrangement is heated at several points, for. B. to a temperature in the range of 60 ° C to 90 ° C.
- the surfaces, which are each heated preferably have a diameter of 2 cm to 5 cm.
- the arrangement can also be prefixed in other ways, for. B. with an adhesive tape.
- the prefixing has the advantage that the different layers of the laminated glass pane can not move against each other until their final bonding.
- step a After the arrangement has been formed in step a), this arrangement is placed in a vacuum bag in step b) of the method according to the invention.
- Suitable vacuum bags are known to those skilled in the art. It is preferred that the vacuum bag is a rubber or rubber vacuum bag into which preferably a metal mesh is incorporated, whereby stabilization of the vacuum bag is achieved.
- the metal mesh allows the sidewalls of the vacuum bag to be shaped to a desired shape.
- suitable vacuum bags have a wall thickness of about 5 mm to about 10 mm.
- the shape of the vacuum bag is adapted to the shape of the assembly.
- a vacuum bag with flat side surfaces is suitable for this purpose.
- the vacuum bag has at least one, preferably two curved side surfaces, the use of a vacuum bag with flat side surfaces is also possible with curved base and cover disks.
- the shaping of a curved side surface of the vacuum bag is made possible in particular by an incorporated metal fabric.
- the vacuum bag When using a vacuum bag adapted to the shape of the assembly, the vacuum bag may have a similar one after placing the assembly therein assume three-dimensional shape as the arrangement.
- This has the advantage that during the autoclaving of a curved arrangement in the vacuum bag a uniform pressure distribution is ensured on the curved glass sheets and thus damage to the glass or unwanted edge effects can be largely avoided by a different pressure distribution on the glass.
- An uneven pressure distribution can also result in the heat treatment in step c), but plays there, especially because of the lower temperatures, a minor role.
- the following treatment in the autoclave in steps c) and d) can be carried out on an arrangement located in the vacuum bag. However, it is also possible to simultaneously treat two or more arrangements located in the vacuum bag in the autoclave according to steps c) and d).
- step c) of the method according to the invention the vacuum bag with the arrangement of base disk and cover disk is evacuated with the intervening at least one polymer film which was formed in step a) of the method according to the invention.
- the vacuum bag with the arrangement formed in step a) of the method according to the invention is preferably placed in an autoclave prior to evacuation and connected there to a vacuum system.
- embodiments of the method according to the invention are also possible in which the vacuum bag with the arrangement contained therein is evacuated even before placing it in the autoclave, which however is not preferred for practical reasons.
- the vacuum bag with the arrangement therein into an autoclave rack, wherein a vacuum can be passed through the autoclave rack.
- the vacuum bag with the inside Arrangement can be connected to the autoclave rack.
- the autoclave rack can then be connected in the autoclave to a vacuum pump. In this way, the vacuum can be applied via the frame to the vacuum bag for evacuation.
- the vacuum bag with the assembly therein can be attached to the already in the autoclave autoclave rack or outside the autoclave attached to the autoclave rack and then transported together with the rack in the autoclave.
- the vacuum system used for evacuation usually comprises at least one vacuum pump, with which the vacuum can be generated and maintained.
- this vacuum is actively maintained, d. H. the vacuum pump remains in operation during the heat treatment of the evacuated vacuum bag with the assembly therein.
- the vacuum pump maintain a substantially constant pressure or a substantially constant vacuum over the entire duration of process step c).
- vacuum is intended to be synonymous with terms such as "reduced pressure” or “reduced pressure.” All pressures given in the application refer to absolute pressure unless otherwise specified.
- the assembly located in the evacuated vacuum bag is in step c) in the autoclave at a temperature in the range of 60 ° C to 120 ° C, preferably at a temperature in the range of 70 ° C to 110 ° C, particularly preferably of 80 ° C. up to 95 ° C, heat treated. This is also called warm evacuation or "hot deairing".
- the holding time at the desired temperature for the heat treatment in the autoclave is preferably at least 5 minutes, more preferably at least 10 minutes.
- the holding time is preferably not more than 60 minutes.
- the holding time at the desired temperature for the heat treatment in the autoclave is preferably 5 minutes to 50 minutes and most preferably 25 minutes to 45 minutes.
- an embodiment is expedient and preferred in which a so-called cold evacuation takes place in step c) after evacuation of the vacuum bag containing the arrangement and before warm evacuation, as described above, in which the arrangement located in the vacuum bag over a certain period of time, z.
- a so-called cold evacuation takes place in step c) after evacuation of the vacuum bag containing the arrangement and before warm evacuation, as described above, in which the arrangement located in the vacuum bag over a certain period of time, z.
- ambient temperature is meant in particular a temperature in the range of about 15 ° C to about 35 ° C.
- This holding of the vacuum at ambient temperature (also referred to as “cold-deairing”) has the advantage that air, which is located between the base and cover plate or between the at least one polymer film and the discs, can escape better, and therefore usually done.
- next method step d is the stopping of the vacuum after the Heat treatment in step c) and autoclaving the assembly in the vacuum bag in the autoclave at a temperature equal to or greater than the temperature of the heat treatment in step c).
- the temperature for autoclaving the assembly in the autoclave in the vacuum bag is preferably greater than the temperature of the heat treatment in step c), wherein the temperature for autoclaving is preferably at least 10 ° C., preferably at least 20 ° C., preferably at least 30 ° C, is greater than the temperature of the heat treatment in step c).
- the arrangement located in the vacuum bag is preferably autoclaved in step d) at a temperature in the range from 80 to 150 ° C, preferably from 90 ° C to 145 ° C. It is autoclaved at an absolute pressure of 7 bar to 16 bar, preferably from 8 bar to 14 bar, more preferably 10 bar to 13 bar.
- the assembly in the vacuum bag in step d) is exposed for 10 minutes to 120 minutes, especially for 30 minutes to 60 minutes, the maximum temperature and maximum pressure intended for autoclaving.
- a main advantage of the method according to the invention is that the autoclaving in step d) can be carried out directly on the heat treatment of the evacuated vacuum bag assembly in step c), without the time-consuming and labor-intensive steps of removing the assembly required by the conventional method from a separate oven, the removal of the assembly from the vacuum bag, and finally the placement of the assembly in an autoclave are required. It was surprisingly found that the autoclaving of Arrangement is also possible if it is still in the vacuum bag.
- the treatment after the heat treatment in step c) in the autoclave immediately after the vacuum has been stopped is simply continued by increasing the temperature and pressure in the autoclave to the values desired for autoclaving so that no cooling of the assembly takes place between the heat treatment in step c) and the subsequent autoclaving is required.
- the temperature of the arrangement preferably being one after the heat treatment in step c) and before autoclaving in step d) Temperature which is at most 10 ° C, more preferably at most 5 ° C, more preferably at most 2 ° C lower than the temperature in the heat treatment in step c), not below. It is very particularly preferred if there is no cooling of the arrangement between the heat treatment in step c) and the autoclaving in step d).
- the temperature of the assembly after the heat treatment in step c) and before the autoclaving in step d) does not fall below a temperature of 60 ° C, preferably temperature of 70 ° C and more preferably temperature of 80 ° C.
- the assembly After autoclaving, the assembly can be cooled and removed from the vacuum bag to obtain the finished laminated glass.
- the arrangement in the vacuum bag in the autoclave becomes active is cooled to a temperature in the range of about 40 ° C to about 60 ° C, before the pressure is released from the autoclave.
- the assembly is then set in the vacuum bag to ambient temperature, e.g. B. 20 ° C, cooled. Then the finished laminated glass pane can be removed from the vacuum bag.
- ambient temperature e.g. B. 20 ° C
- the heat treatment in process step c) and the autoclaving in step d) are carried out in the same autoclave.
- This has, in addition to the energy saving described above, the advantage that the transfer of the assembly from the furnace to the hot evacuation with cooling and the further transfer of the cooled assembly into the autoclave can be avoided, whereby the process is less complex and labor time and an additional furnace can be saved can.
- a single laminated glass pane can be produced by the method according to the invention, but it is also possible to produce a plurality of laminated glass panes in an autoclave in parallel and also makes more sense in practice.
- the invention also relates to a laminated glass pane obtainable by the method described above.
- the invention relates to the use of a composite glass pane produced by the method described above as a vehicle windshield, ship's window or aircraft windscreen, as architectural glazing, architectural glazing or furniture glazing.
- Figure 1 is a schematic view of the arrangement according to the inventive method according to step a).
- Figure 2a is a schematic view of a curved arrangement of the base plate and cover plate with an intermediate polymer film in a planar vacuum bag.
- the arrows show the pressure conditions during the autoclaving process.
- FIG. 2b shows a schematic view of a curved arrangement of base disk and cover disk with an intervening polymer film in a preferred vacuum bag, which has two side surfaces with a similar curvature as the arched arrangement.
- the arrows show the pressure conditions during the autoclaving process.
- Figure 3 is a schematic representation of the arrangement in the autoclave before evacuation.
- Figure 4 is a schematic representation of the arrangement in the autoclave in the evacuated vacuum bag.
- Figure 5 is a schematic representation of the finished laminated glass available by the method according to the invention.
- FIG. 6 shows a flow chart of the method according to the invention (FIG. 6a) in comparison to a method according to the prior art (FIG. 6b).
- FIG. 7 shows a profile of the temperature and the pressure in the method according to the invention according to the example given below.
- FIG. 1 shows the arrangement (6) or the composition of the laminated glass pane produced by the process according to the invention, which is preferably a curved laminated glass pane.
- cover plate (3) preferably a chemically tempered thin glass pane containing Alkalialuminosilikatglas is a polymer film (2), preferably a polyvinyl butyral film, placed on the then the base plate (1), preferably containing soda-lime glass, is placed.
- This arrangement can optionally be prefixed by selective heating.
- Figure 2a shows the previously formed domed assembly (6) placed in a conventional planar vacuum bag (4a).
- the arrows illustrate the pressure acting on the assembly during autoclaving.
- the length of the arrows symbolizes the size of the pressure acting on the assembly (6) when it is autoclaved in the vacuum bag (4a). It becomes clear that especially at the edges and in the middle of the curved glass panes, higher pressures act on the arrangement (6).
- FIG. 2b shows the previously formed curved arrangement (6) placed in a vacuum bag (4a) adapted to the shape of the curved arrangement.
- a vacuum bag (4a) has two side surfaces with substantially the same curvature as the arrangement (6) placed therein. Due to the substantially same shape of the vacuum bag (4a), the distribution of the pressure acting on the assembly during autoclaving is very uniform and thus advantageous.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of the arrangement (6) before evacuation in a vacuum bag (4a) in the autoclave (5).
- the vacuum bag (4a) is preferably connected in the autoclave (5) to a vacuum system comprising at least one vacuum pump (not shown).
- the vacuum bag (4a) is usually attached to an autoclave rack and connected thereto, wherein the vacuum system or the vacuum pump is connected to the frame, so that the vacuum can be applied via the frame to the vacuum bag (not shown).
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of the arrangement (6) in the evacuated vacuum bag (4b) in an autoclave.
- the assembly (6) in the evacuated vacuum bag (4b) in the autoclave (5) is preferably maintained at ambient temperature for some time before the assembly in the evacuated vacuum bag (4b) is heated to the desired temperature by heating the autoclave (5) Heat treatment is brought. This way can residual Air that is between the discs and the foil escapes. After the heat treatment and completion of the evacuation, the autoclaving step can be directly connected by temperature and pressure increase in the autoclave (not shown).
- FIG. 5 shows the finished laminated glass pane (7) obtainable by the process according to the invention.
- FIG. 6 shows a flow chart of the method according to the invention (FIG. 6a) in comparison with a method according to the prior art (FIG. 6b).
- At least one polymer film is arranged on a base disk and a cover disk on the polymer film, or at least one polymer film is arranged on a cover disk and a base disk is arranged on the at least one polymer film.
- the assembly is transferred to a vacuum bag.
- the vacuum bag may optionally be adapted to the shape of the arrangement.
- the vacuum bag containing the assembly is placed in an autoclave, evacuated and the assembly is heat treated in the vacuum bag while maintaining the vacuum.
- the vacuum is then turned off and the assembly autoclaved in the vacuum bag in the same autoclave.
- the autoclave is cooled and removed the finished laminated glass.
- At least one polymer film is arranged on a base disk and a cover disk on the polymer film or a polymer film is arranged on a cover disk and a base disk is arranged on the polymer film.
- the assembly is transferred to a vacuum bag.
- the vacuum bag containing the assembly is evacuated and the assembly in the vacuum bag is then heat treated in an oven while maintaining the vacuum.
- we turned off the vacuum removed the assembly from the oven and the vacuum bag, and then placed it on an autoclave rack and waited for a sufficient number of prepared arrangements to fill the autoclave, resulting in an overall cooling of the discs.
- the cooled in consequence of these steps arrangement is now placed in an autoclave and autoclaved therein.
- FIG. 7 shows by way of example the profile of the temperatures and pressures prevailing during the process according to the invention as a function of time in accordance with the example below.
- a polyvinyl butyral film was placed with a thickness of 0.85 mm.
- a curved base plate made of soda-lime glass with a thickness of 2, 1 mm was arranged. This arrangement was placed in a vacuum bag, wherein the vacuum bag as shown in Fig. 2a or Fig. 2b may be formed.
- the vacuum bag was transferred to an autoclave and connected to a vacuum system. In the vacuum bag, a vacuum of about 200 mbar was generated. This vacuum is then held at ambient temperature (about 20 ° C) for about 15 minutes.
- the autoclave is heated to about 90 ° C, wherein the vacuum of about 200 mbar is kept active or maintained in the vacuum bag.
- the temperature is maintained at about 90 ° C for about 30 minutes.
- This process also known as "hot de-airing", serves to allow the remaining air, which is still between the glass panes and the foil, to escape.
- the vacuum is switched off by switching off the vacuum pump and temperature and pressure in the autoclave in which the arrangement is in the vacuum bag are increased for autoclaving, so that reaches a temperature of 140 ° C and a pressure of 9 bar absolute in the autoclave becomes .
- the temperature of 140 ° C and the pressure of 9 bar were maintained for about 45 min. Subsequently, the autoclave and the arrangement in the Vacuum bag actively cooled down to 40 ° C at a pressure of 9 bar. After reaching a temperature of 40 ° C, the autoclave containing the assembly in the vacuum bag was depressurized to a pressure of about 1 bar, ie normal ambient pressure, and the assembly in the vacuum bag cooled to ambient temperature (20 ° C).
- the base and the cover plates are firmly joined together by the interposed polyvinyl butyral film and the produced curved laminated glass pane can be used, for example, as a vehicle window in a car.
- step c) and step d) are not cooled, whereby the renewed reheating is not required, which is much more energy efficient compared to the methods known from the prior art.
- step d) the heat treatment according to step c) and the autoclaving according to step d) in the same device, i. H. autoclaving so that the assembly does not need to be transferred from one device to another during the process, which makes the process much more efficient over the prior art processes also in terms of time invested and equipment saved.
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Abstract
Description
Autoklavieren mit Vakuumsack Autoclaving with vacuum bag
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Verbundglasscheibe, die Verbundglasscheibe erhältlich nach diesem Herstellungsverfahren und die Verwendung der so hergestellten Verbundglasscheibe. The present invention relates to a method for producing a laminated glass pane, the laminated glass pane obtainable by this manufacturing method, and the use of the laminated glass pane thus produced.
Bekannte Verfahren zur Herstellung von Verbundglasscheiben umfassen im Wesentlichen folgende Verfahrensschritte. Ein erster Schritt umfasst üblicherweise das Anordnen und gegebenenfalls das Fixieren von einer Grundscheibe, mindestens einer Polymerfolie auf der Grundscheibe und einer Deckscheibe auf der Polymerfolie oder umgekehrt. Diese Anordnung wird in einem weiteren Verfahrensschritt in einen Vakuumsack überführt und darin unter Vakuum in einem Ofen erwärmt. Nach dem Erwärmen wird die Anordnung aus dem Vakuumsack entnommen und abgekühlt. Nach der Abkühlung wird die Anordnung dann in einem letzten Verfahrensschritt in einem Autoklaven bei hoher Temperatur und erhöhtem Druck autoklaviert, um die fertige Verbundglasscheibe zu erhalten. Known methods for producing laminated glass panes essentially comprise the following method steps. A first step usually involves arranging and optionally fixing a base disk, at least one polymer film on the base disk and a cover disk on the polymer film or vice versa. This arrangement is transferred in a further process step in a vacuum bag and heated therein under vacuum in an oven. After heating, the assembly is removed from the vacuum bag and cooled. After cooling, the assembly is then autoclaved in a final process step in an autoclave at high temperature and pressure to obtain the finished laminated glass sheet.
So offenbart die EP 2 647 497 AI ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Verbundglasscheibe, wobei eine Anordnung aus einer Grundscheibe und einer Deckscheibe mit mehreren dazwischenliegenden Polymerfolien zunächst in einem Vakuumsack vorevakuiert wurde, dann in einem Ofen erwärmt und anschließend abgekühlt wurde, um dann in einem Autoklaven autoklaviert zu werden. Thus, EP 2 647 497 A1 discloses a method for producing a laminated glass pane, wherein an arrangement of a base plate and a cover plate with several intermediate polymer films was first pre-evacuated in a vacuum bag, then heated in an oven and then cooled, then in an autoclave to be autoclaved.
Die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Verfahren zur Herstellung von Verbundglasscheiben haben den Nachteil, dass sie aufgrund mehrerer Erwärmungs- und Abkühlungsschritte energetisch gesehen relativ ungünstig sind. Zudem sind die bekannten Verfahren durch die räumliche Trennung des ersten Erwärmungsschritts unter Vakuum in einem Ofen und dem Autoklavierschritt in einem Autoklaven, was weitere Verfahrensschritte, wie das Entfernen der Anordnung aus dem Ofen und dem Vakuumsack, die Abkühlung der Anordnung und den Transfer der Anordnung in einen Autoklaven, zur Folge hat, auch aus Sicht der benötigten Arbeitszeit ökonomisch unvorteilhaft. Auch die US 2015/158277 AI, die US 2007/154705 AI, die US 4 584 245 A, die GB 755 809 A, die EP 0 331 648 A2 und die US 2015/122406 AI offenbaren Verfahren zur Herstellung von Verbundscheiben. The known from the prior art method for producing laminated glass panes have the disadvantage that they are relatively unfavorable in terms of energy due to several heating and cooling steps. In addition, the known methods by the spatial separation of the first heating step under vacuum in an oven and the autoclaving step in an autoclave, which further process steps, such as removing the assembly from the oven and the vacuum bag, the cooling of the assembly and the transfer of the assembly in an autoclave, has the consequence, also from the point of view of the required working time economically unfavorable. US 2015/158277 A1, US 2007/154705 A1, US Pat. No. 4,584,245 A, GB 755 809 A, EP 0 331 648 A2 and US 2015/122406 A1 disclose methods for producing composite panes.
Die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Verfahren werden sowohl zur Herstellung von flachen, sowie von gewölbten Verbundglasscheiben eingesetzt. Bei der Herstellung von gewölbten Verbundglasscheiben kann eine ungleichmäßige Druckverteilung während des Autoklavierens auf die Glasscheibe einwirken, was insbesondere bei dem Einsatz von Dünnglas unvorteilhaft ist. The methods known from the prior art are used both for the production of flat and curved laminated glass panes. In the production of curved laminated glass panes, an uneven pressure distribution during autoclaving can act on the glass pane, which is disadvantageous in particular when using thin glass.
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, vorstehend genannte Nachteile des Standes der Technik zu beheben. Insbesondere besteht die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung darin ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Verbundglasscheibe bereitzustellen, durch das Energie und/oder Arbeitszeit gegenüber den bekannten Verfahren eingespart werden kann. Das Verfahren soll ferner möglichst einfach gestaltet sein. Zudem soll mit dem Energie und/oder Arbeitszeit einsparenden Verfahren auch die Herstellung von gewölbten Verbundglasscheiben möglich sein, ohne dass diese während des Autoklavierens einer ungleichmäßigen Druckverteilung ausgesetzt sind . The object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a laminated glass pane, by which energy and / or working time can be saved over the known methods. The method should also be designed as simple as possible. In addition, should also be possible with the energy and / or working time-saving process, the production of curved laminated glass without these are exposed to an uneven pressure distribution during autoclaving.
Obige Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Verbundglasscheibe nach Anspruch 1 gelöst, das die folgenden Schritte umfasst: a) Anordnen von mindestens einer Polymerfolie auf eine Grundscheibe und von einer Deckscheibe auf die mindestens eine Polymerfolie oder Anordnen von mindestens einer Polymerfolie auf eine Deckscheibe und von einer Grundscheibe auf die mindestens eine Polymerfolie; b) Platzieren der in Schritt a) erhaltenen Anordnung in einen Vakuumsack; c) Evakuieren des Vakuumsacks und Wärmebehandlung der in dem evakuierten Vakuumsack befindlichen Anordnung in einem Autoklaven bei einer Temperatur im Bereich von 60°C bis 120°C; d) Abstellen des Vakuums nach der Wärmebehandlung in Schritt c) und Autoklavieren der Anordnung in dem Vakuumsack in dem Autoklaven bei einer Temperatur, die gleich oder größer ist als die Temperatur der Wärmebehandlung in Schritt c). The above object is achieved by a method for producing a laminated glass pane according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps: a) arranging at least one polymer film on a base disk and from a cover disk on the at least one polymer film or arranging at least one polymer film on a cover disk and from a base disk to the at least one polymer film; b) placing the assembly obtained in step a) in a vacuum bag; c) evacuating the vacuum bag and heat treating the assembly in the evacuated vacuum bag in an autoclave at a temperature in the range of 60 ° C to 120 ° C; d) stopping the vacuum after the heat treatment in step c) and autoclaving the assembly in the vacuum bag in the autoclave at a temperature equal to or greater than the temperature of the heat treatment in step c).
Das Verfahren umfasst in Schritt a) das Anordnen von mindestens einer Polymerfolie auf eine Grundscheibe und von einer Deckscheibe auf die mindestens eine Polymerfolie oder das Anordnen von mindestens einer Polymerfolie auf eine Deckscheibe und von einer Grundscheibe auf die mindestens eine Polymerfolie, wobei jeweils eine Anordnung erhalten wird, bei der sich die mindestens eine Polymerfolie zwischen der Grundscheibe und der Deckscheibe befindet. Die Reihenfolge des Anordnens ist im allgemeinen beliebig, in der Praxis wird die mindestens eine Polymerfolie häufig auf die Deckscheibe aufgelegt und dann die Grundscheibe darauf platziert, insbesondere wenn die Deckscheibe eine chemisch getemperte Dünnglasscheibe ist. In step a), the method comprises arranging at least one polymer film on a base disk and from a cover disk onto the at least one polymer film or arranging at least one polymer film on a cover disk and from a base disk onto the at least one polymer film, one arrangement each being obtained in which the at least one polymer film is located between the base disk and the cover disk. The order of placement is generally arbitrary, in practice the at least one polymer film is often placed on the cover sheet and then the base sheet placed thereon, especially when the cover sheet is a chemically tempered thin glass sheet.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform enthält die Grundscheibe und/oder Deckscheibe Glas und/oder Polymere, bevorzugt Flachglas, Quarzglas, Borosilikatglas, Kalk-Natron-Glas, Alkalialuminosilikatglas, Polycarbonat und/oder Polymethacrylat. Die Deckscheibe und die Grundscheibe können aus dem gleichen Material oder aus verschiedenem Material sein. In a preferred embodiment, the base plate and / or cover plate glass and / or polymers, preferably flat glass, quartz glass, borosilicate glass, soda-lime glass, Alkalialuminosilikatglas, polycarbonate and / or polymethacrylate. The cover disk and the base disk may be made of the same material or of different material.
Die Verbundglasscheibe kann symmetrisch sein, d. h. die Grundscheibe und die Deckscheibe weisen die gleiche Dicke auf. Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei den Verbundglasscheiben um eine asymmetrische Verbundglasscheibe, das bedeutet, die Deckscheibe weist eine geringere Dicke als die Grundscheibe auf oder umgekehrt. The laminated glass pane may be symmetrical, i. H. the base disk and the cover disk have the same thickness. The laminated glass panes are preferably an asymmetrical laminated glass pane, which means that the cover pane has a smaller thickness than the base pane or vice versa.
Bevorzugt weisen die Grundscheibe und die Deckscheibe jeweils eine Dicke im Bereich von 0,4 bis 20 mm, bevorzugt 0,4 bis 6 mm, auf. Preferably, the base disk and the cover disk each have a thickness in the range of 0.4 to 20 mm, preferably 0.4 to 6 mm.
Bevorzugt ist die Grund- und/oder Deckscheibe eine chemisch getemperte Dünnglasscheibe, bevorzugt aus Alkalialuminosilikatglas. Es können für die chemisch getemperte Dünnglasscheibe aber auch andere Gläser, die sich für ein chemisches Vorspannen eignen, verwendet werden. Besonders bevorzugt ist die Deckscheibe eine chemisch getemperte Dünnglasscheibe, bevorzugt aus Alkalialuminosilikatglas. Preferably, the base and / or cover plate is a chemically tempered thin glass pane, preferably made of alkali aluminosilicate glass. However, it is also possible to use other glasses that are suitable for chemical tempering for the chemically tempered thin-glass pane. Particularly preferably, the cover plate is a chemically tempered thin glass pane, preferably made of alkali aluminosilicate glass.
Die chemisch getemperte Dünnglasscheibe, bevorzugt aus Alkali- Aluminosilikatglas, weist bevorzugt eine Dicke von nicht mehr als 1 mm auf, bevorzugt weist die chemisch getemperte Dünnglasscheibe eine Dicke im Bereich von 0,4 bis 1 mm, besonders bevorzugt im Bereich von 0,5 bis 0,8 mm auf. The chemically tempered thin glass pane, preferably made of alkali aluminosilicate glass, preferably has a thickness of not more than 1 mm, preferably, the chemically tempered thin glass pane has a thickness in the range of 0.4 to 1 mm, particularly preferably in the range of 0.5 to 0.8 mm.
Ganz besonders bevorzugt ist die Grundscheibe Kalk-Natron-Glas und die Deckscheibe eine chemisch getemperte Dünnglasscheibe aus Alkali- Aluminosilikatglas. Most preferably, the base plate soda-lime glass and the cover plate is a chemically tempered thin glass of alkali aluminosilicate glass.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform weist die Grundscheibe, z. B. aus Kalk- Natron-Glas, eine Dicke im Bereich von 0,5 bis 20 mm, bevorzugt 1 bis 6 mm, auf und die Deckscheibe ist eine chemisch getemperte Dünnglasscheibe mit einer Dicke im Bereich von 0,4 bis 1 mm, bevorzugt 0,5 bis 0,8 mm. In a preferred embodiment, the base disk, z. Example, from soda-lime glass, a thickness in the range of 0.5 to 20 mm, preferably 1 to 6 mm, and the cover plate is a chemically tempered thin glass plate with a thickness in the range of 0.4 to 1 mm, preferably 0.5 to 0.8 mm.
Bei der Anwendung der Verbundglasscheibe, wie z. B. als Fahrzeugscheibe, ist die Grundscheibe üblicherweise die Scheibe, die das Außenglas darstellt, während die Deckscheibe das Innenglas darstellt. When using the laminated glass pane, such as. B. as a vehicle window, the base plate is usually the disc, which represents the outer glass, while the cover plate is the inner glass.
Grundsätzlich können die Grundscheibe und die Deckscheibe jeweils plan oder gebogen bzw. gewölbt sein. Somit können mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren flache oder gewölbte Verbundglasscheiben hergestellt werden. Solche gewölbten Verbundglasscheiben sind dem Fachmann auch als 3D-Verbundglasscheiben bekannt. Dementsprechend werden nicht gewölbte, flache Verbundglasscheiben als 2D-Verbundglasscheiben bezeichnet. In principle, the base disk and the cover disk can each be flat or curved or arched. Thus, with the method according to the invention, flat or curved laminated glass panes can be produced. Such curved laminated glass panes are also known to those skilled in the art as 3D composite glass panes. Accordingly, non-domed, flat laminated glass panes are referred to as 2D laminated glass panes.
Die gewölbten Grund- bzw. Deckscheiben können gemäß den bekannten Verfahren, z. B. Pressbiegen oder Schwerkraftbiegen (Gravitationsbiegen), hergestellt werden. Bevorzugt werden die gewölbten Grund- und Deckscheiben durch Pressbiegen, d. h. Erhitzen des Glases bis auf die Erweichungstemperatur mit anschließendem „in Form" pressen, oder durch Schwerkraftbiegen, d. h. Erhitzung des Glases bis auf die Erweichungstemperatur, wobei die anschließende Biegung über die Gravitation erfolgt, hergestellt. Bevorzugt handelt es sich sowohl bei der Grundscheibe als auch der Deckscheibe um jeweils gewölbte Glasscheiben, um eine gewölbte Verbundglasscheibe herzustellen. The domed base and cover plates can according to the known methods, for. B. press bending or gravity bending (gravity bending) are produced. Preferably, the domed shrouds and shrouds are made by press bending, ie, heating the glass to the softening temperature followed by "in-mold," or by gravity bending, ie, heating the glass to the softening temperature, the subsequent bending being via gravity , Preferably, both the base disk and the cover disk are each curved glass panes in order to produce a curved laminated glass pane.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren eignet sich somit insbesondere zur Herstellung einer gewölbten Verbundglasscheibe. The inventive method is thus particularly suitable for producing a curved laminated glass pane.
Zwischen der Grundscheibe und der Deckscheibe können eine oder mehrere Polymerfolien angeordnet werden. Das Polymer der mindestens einen Polymerfolie umfasst bevorzugt Polyvinylbutyral, Ethylenvinylacetat, Polyurethan und/oder Gemische davon und/oder Copolymere davon, wobei die mindestens eine Polymerfolie bevorzugt eine Polyvinylbutyralfolie ist. One or more polymer films can be arranged between the base disk and the cover disk. The polymer of the at least one polymer film preferably comprises polyvinyl butyral, ethylene vinyl acetate, polyurethane and / or mixtures thereof and / or copolymers thereof, wherein the at least one polymer film is preferably a polyvinyl butyral film.
Die mindestens eine Polymerfolie weist dabei bevorzugt eine Dicke von 0, 1 bis 1,5 mm und besonders bevorzugt von 0,3 bis 0,9 mm auf. The at least one polymer film preferably has a thickness of from 0.1 to 1.5 mm and more preferably from 0.3 to 0.9 mm.
Gegebenenfalls kann die mindestens eine Polymerfolie auch vorgeformt werden. Dieses Vorformen kann gemäß den bekannten Verfahren, z. B. durch Tiefziehen, erfolgen. Optionally, the at least one polymer film may also be preformed. This preforming can according to the known methods, for. B. by deep drawing done.
Es können auch mehrere Polymerfolien wie vorstehend definiert zwischen Grundscheibe und Deckscheibe angeordnet werden. Eine weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsform ist der Einsatz von drei Folien, bei der zwischen zwei Polymerfolien wie vorstehend definiert, bevorzugt Polyvinylbutyralfolien, eine dazwischen liegende zusätzliche Polymerfolie angeordnet wird. Die zusätzliche Polymerfolie kann z. B. ausgewählt sein aus Folien aus Polyethylenterephtalat, Polyethylen, Polypropylen, Polycarbonat, Polybutylenterephthalat und/oder Gemischen und/oder Copolymeren davon, wobei eine Polyethylenterephtalatfolie bevorzugt ist. Die zusätzliche Polymerfolie kann z. B. ein Dicke im Bereich von 20 bis 100 μΐτι, bevorzugt 40 bis 60 μΐτι, aufweisen. It is also possible to arrange a plurality of polymer films as defined above between the base disk and the cover disk. A further preferred embodiment is the use of three films in which an additional polymer film between them is arranged between two polymer films as defined above, preferably polyvinyl butyral films. The additional polymer film may, for. B. be selected from films of polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polybutylene terephthalate and / or mixtures and / or copolymers thereof, wherein a polyethylene terephthalate is preferred. The additional polymer film may, for. B. a thickness in the range of 20 to 100 μΐτι, preferably 40 to 60 μΐτι have.
In dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren kann die Anordnung, die in Schritt a) gebildet wurde, gegebenenfalls vor dem Platzieren in den Vakuumsack vorfixiert werden, z. B. durch punktuelles Erwärmen. Bevorzugt ist dabei ein punktuelles Erwärmen auf eine Temperatur im Bereich von 60°C bis 90°C. Unter punktuellem Erwärmen wird hierbei verstanden, dass die Anordnung an mehreren Punkten erwärmt wird, z. B. auf eine Temperatur im Bereich von 60°C bis 90°C. Dabei haben die Flächen, die jeweils erwärmt werden, bevorzugt einen Durchmesser von 2 cm bis 5 cm. In the method of the invention, the assembly formed in step a) may optionally be prefixed prior to placement in the vacuum bag, e.g. B. by selective heating. Preference is given to a selective heating to a temperature in the range of 60 ° C to 90 ° C. Under point heating is understood here that the arrangement is heated at several points, for. B. to a temperature in the range of 60 ° C to 90 ° C. The surfaces, which are each heated, preferably have a diameter of 2 cm to 5 cm.
Alternativ kann die Anordnung auch auf andere Weise vorfixiert werden, z. B. mit einem Haftband. Alternatively, the arrangement can also be prefixed in other ways, for. B. with an adhesive tape.
Die Vorfixierung hat den Vorteil, dass sich die verschiedenen Schichten der Verbundglasscheibe bis zu ihrer endgültigen Verklebung nicht gegeneinander verschieben können. The prefixing has the advantage that the different layers of the laminated glass pane can not move against each other until their final bonding.
Nachdem die Anordnung in Schritt a) gebildet wurde, wird diese Anordnung in Schritt b) des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens in einen Vakuumsack platziert. After the arrangement has been formed in step a), this arrangement is placed in a vacuum bag in step b) of the method according to the invention.
Dafür geeignete Vakuumsäcke sind dem Fachmann bekannt. Es ist bevorzugt, dass es sich bei dem Vakuumsack um einen Vakuumsack aus Gummi bzw. Kautschuk handelt, in das bzw. den vorzugsweise ein Metallgewebe inkorporiert ist, wodurch eine Stabilisierung des Vakuumsacks erreicht wird. Das Metallgewebe ermöglicht es, dass die Seitenwände des Vakuumsacks in eine gewünschte Form gebracht werden können. Üblicherweise weisen geeignete Vakuumsäcke eine Wandstärke von etwa 5 mm bis etwa 10 mm auf. Suitable vacuum bags are known to those skilled in the art. It is preferred that the vacuum bag is a rubber or rubber vacuum bag into which preferably a metal mesh is incorporated, whereby stabilization of the vacuum bag is achieved. The metal mesh allows the sidewalls of the vacuum bag to be shaped to a desired shape. Usually, suitable vacuum bags have a wall thickness of about 5 mm to about 10 mm.
Es können die üblichen Vakuumsäcke mit planen Seitenflächen eingesetzt werden. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die Form des Vakuumsacks an die Form der Anordnung angepasst. Bei Herstellung einer planen Verbundglasscheibe eignet sich hierfür ein Vakuumsack mit planen Seitenflächen. Insbesondere bei der Herstellung einer gewölbten Verbundglasscheibe ist es bevorzugt, dass der Vakuumsack mindestens eine, bevorzugt zwei gewölbte Seitenflächen aufweist, die Verwendung eines Vakuumsack mit planen Seitenflächen ist aber auch bei gebogenen Grund- und Deckscheiben möglich. Das Formen einer gewölbten Seitenfläche des Vakuumsacks wird insbesondere durch ein eingearbeitetes Metallgewebe ermöglicht. It can be used the usual vacuum bags with flat side surfaces. In a preferred embodiment, the shape of the vacuum bag is adapted to the shape of the assembly. When producing a planar laminated glass pane, a vacuum bag with flat side surfaces is suitable for this purpose. In particular, in the production of a curved laminated glass, it is preferred that the vacuum bag has at least one, preferably two curved side surfaces, the use of a vacuum bag with flat side surfaces is also possible with curved base and cover disks. The shaping of a curved side surface of the vacuum bag is made possible in particular by an incorporated metal fabric.
Bei Verwendung eines an die Form der Anordnung angepassten Vakuumsacks kann der Vakuumsack nach dem Platzieren der Anordnung darin eine ähnliche dreidimensionale Form wie die Anordnung annehmen. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass bei dem Autoklavieren einer gewölbten Anordnung in dem Vakuumsack eine gleichmäßige Druckverteilung auf die gewölbten Glasscheiben gewährleistet ist und somit eine Beschädigung der Glasscheibe oder aber unerwünschte Randeffekte durch eine unterschiedliche Druckverteilung auf die Glasscheiben weitgehend vermieden werden kann. Eine ungleichmäßige Druckverteilung kann sich auch bei der Wärmebehandlung in Schritt c) ergeben, spielt aber dort, insbesondere wegen der geringeren Temperaturen, eine untergeordnete Rolle. When using a vacuum bag adapted to the shape of the assembly, the vacuum bag may have a similar one after placing the assembly therein assume three-dimensional shape as the arrangement. This has the advantage that during the autoclaving of a curved arrangement in the vacuum bag a uniform pressure distribution is ensured on the curved glass sheets and thus damage to the glass or unwanted edge effects can be largely avoided by a different pressure distribution on the glass. An uneven pressure distribution can also result in the heat treatment in step c), but plays there, especially because of the lower temperatures, a minor role.
Bei der Verwendung von chemisch getemperten Dünnglasscheiben ist eine gleichmäßige Druckverteilung, wie es ein Vakuumsack bereitstellt, der eine ähnliche dreidimensionale Form wie die herzustellende Verbundglasscheibe annimmt, aufgrund der Empfindlichkeit der chemisch getemperten Dünnglasscheiben besonders vorteilhaft. With the use of chemically tempered thin glass panes, a uniform pressure distribution, as provided by a vacuum bag assuming a similar three-dimensional shape to the composite glass pane to be produced, is particularly advantageous due to the sensitivity of the chemically tempered thin glass panes.
Die folgende Behandlung im Autoklaven in den Schritten c) und d) kann an einer im Vakuumsack befindlichen Anordnung durchgeführt werden. Es ist aber auch möglich, zwei oder mehr im Vakuumsack befindlichen Anordnungen gleichzeitig im Autoklaven gemäß den Schritten c) und d) zu behandeln. The following treatment in the autoclave in steps c) and d) can be carried out on an arrangement located in the vacuum bag. However, it is also possible to simultaneously treat two or more arrangements located in the vacuum bag in the autoclave according to steps c) and d).
In Schritt c) des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird der Vakuumsack mit der Anordnung aus Grundscheibe und Deckscheibe mit der dazwischenliegenden mindestens einen Polymerfolie, die in Schritt a) des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens gebildet wurde, evakuiert. In step c) of the method according to the invention, the vacuum bag with the arrangement of base disk and cover disk is evacuated with the intervening at least one polymer film which was formed in step a) of the method according to the invention.
Der Vakuumsack mit der Anordnung, die in Schritt a) des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens gebildet wurde, wird dabei bevorzugt vor der Evakuierung in einen Autoklaven platziert und dort an ein Vakuumsystem angeschlossen. Es sind jedoch auch Ausführungsformen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens möglich, bei denen der Vakuumsack mit der darin enthaltenen Anordnung schon vor dem Platzieren in dem Autoklaven evakuiert wird, was jedoch aus praktischen Gründen nicht bevorzugt ist. The vacuum bag with the arrangement formed in step a) of the method according to the invention is preferably placed in an autoclave prior to evacuation and connected there to a vacuum system. However, embodiments of the method according to the invention are also possible in which the vacuum bag with the arrangement contained therein is evacuated even before placing it in the autoclave, which however is not preferred for practical reasons.
In der Regel ist es zweckmäßig, den Vakuumsack mit der darin befindlichen Anordnung in ein Autoklavgestell einzuführen, wobei durch das Autoklavgestell ein Vakuum geleitet werden kann. Der Vakuumsack mit der darin befindlichen Anordnung kann mit dem Autoklavgestell verbunden werden. Das Autoklavgestell kann dann im Autoklav mit einer Vakuumpumpe verbunden werden. Auf diese Weise kann das Vakuum über das Gestell an den Vakuumsack zur Evakuierung angelegt werden. Der Vakuumsack mit der darin befindlichen Anordnung kann an das bereits im Autoklaven befindliche Autoklavgestell angebracht werden oder außerhalb des Autoklaven an das Autoklavgestell angebracht werden und anschließend zusammen mit dem Gestell in den Autoklaven befördert werden. In general, it is expedient to introduce the vacuum bag with the arrangement therein into an autoclave rack, wherein a vacuum can be passed through the autoclave rack. The vacuum bag with the inside Arrangement can be connected to the autoclave rack. The autoclave rack can then be connected in the autoclave to a vacuum pump. In this way, the vacuum can be applied via the frame to the vacuum bag for evacuation. The vacuum bag with the assembly therein can be attached to the already in the autoclave autoclave rack or outside the autoclave attached to the autoclave rack and then transported together with the rack in the autoclave.
Es ist ein Einzelbetrieb oder ein Chargenbetrieb möglich. Beim Einzelbetrieb wird ein Vakuumsack mit der darin befindlichen Anordnung einzeln in den Autoklaven befördert. Dieser Vorgang kann mehrmals wiederholt werden, so dass sich schließlich mehrere Vakuumsäcke im Autoklaven befinden. Beim Chargenbetrieb werden mehrere Vakuumsäcke mit der darin befindlichen Anordnung in ein Autoklavgestell gestellt und dann gemeinsam in den Autoklaven befördert. Auch dieser Vorgang kann mehrmals wiederholt werden. It is a single operation or a batch operation possible. In individual operation, a vacuum bag with the arrangement therein is transported individually into the autoclave. This process can be repeated several times, so that finally several vacuum bags are in the autoclave. In batch mode, several vacuum bags are placed with the assembly therein in an autoclave rack and then transported together in the autoclave. This process can also be repeated several times.
Das zum Evakuieren verwendete Vakuumsystem umfasst üblicherweise mindestens eine Vakuumpumpe, mit der das Vakuum erzeugt und aufrechterhalten werden kann. The vacuum system used for evacuation usually comprises at least one vacuum pump, with which the vacuum can be generated and maintained.
Bevorzugt wird in Schritt c) des erfindungsgemäßem Verfahrens zur Herstellung einer Verbundglasscheibe ein Druck bzw. Unterdruck von 100 mbar bis 700 mbar absolut, bevorzugt von 200 mbar bis 500 mbar absolut, an den Vakuumsack angelegt. Bevorzugt wird dieses Vakuum dabei aktiv aufrechterhalten, d. h. die Vakuumpumpe bleibt auch während der Wärmebehandlung des evakuierten Vakuumsacks mit der darin befindlichen Anordnung in Betrieb. Preferably, in step c) of the inventive method for producing a laminated glass pane, a pressure or reduced pressure of 100 mbar to 700 mbar absolute, preferably from 200 mbar to 500 mbar absolute, applied to the vacuum bag. Preferably, this vacuum is actively maintained, d. H. the vacuum pump remains in operation during the heat treatment of the evacuated vacuum bag with the assembly therein.
Es ist bevorzugt, dass die Vakuumpumpe einen im Wesentlichen konstanten Druck bzw. ein im Wesentlichen konstantes Vakuum über die gesamte Dauer des Verfahrensschritts c) aufrechterhält. It is preferred that the vacuum pump maintain a substantially constant pressure or a substantially constant vacuum over the entire duration of process step c).
Hierbei soll der Begriff „Vakuum" gleichbedeutend mit Begriffen wie„Unterdruck" oder„reduzierter Druck" sein. Alle in der Anmeldung angeführten Druckangaben beziehen sich auf den absoluten Druck, sofern nicht anders angegeben. Die in dem evakuierten Vakuumsack befindliche Anordnung wird in Schritt c) in dem Autoklaven bei einer Temperatur im Bereich von 60°C bis 120°C, bevorzugt bei einer Temperatur im Bereich von 70°C bis 110°C, besonders bevorzugt von 80°C bis 95°C, wärmebehandelt. Dies wird auch als Warmevakuieren oder„hot- deairing" bezeichnet. The term "vacuum" is intended to be synonymous with terms such as "reduced pressure" or "reduced pressure." All pressures given in the application refer to absolute pressure unless otherwise specified. The assembly located in the evacuated vacuum bag is in step c) in the autoclave at a temperature in the range of 60 ° C to 120 ° C, preferably at a temperature in the range of 70 ° C to 110 ° C, particularly preferably of 80 ° C. up to 95 ° C, heat treated. This is also called warm evacuation or "hot deairing".
Die Haltezeit bei der gewünschten Temperatur für die Wärmebehandlung in dem Autoklaven beträgt bevorzugt mindestens 5 min, bevorzugter mindestens 10 min. Die Haltezeit beträgt bevorzugt nicht mehr als 60 min. Die Haltezeit bei der gewünschten Temperatur für die Wärmebehandlung in dem Autoklav beträgt bevorzugt 5 min bis 50 min und ganz besonders bevorzugt 25 min bis 45 min. The holding time at the desired temperature for the heat treatment in the autoclave is preferably at least 5 minutes, more preferably at least 10 minutes. The holding time is preferably not more than 60 minutes. The holding time at the desired temperature for the heat treatment in the autoclave is preferably 5 minutes to 50 minutes and most preferably 25 minutes to 45 minutes.
Die hier genannten Temperaturen ebenso wie die nachstehend für das Autoklavieren genannten Temperaturen beziehen sich dabei auf die Temperaturen im Autoklaven. Da der Vakuumsack selbst gegebenenfalls teilweise wärmeisolierend wirken kann, kann es gegebenenfalls zur einer gewissen zeitlichen Verzögerung kommen, bis die Temperatur im Autoklaven auch von der Anordnung erreicht wird. The temperatures mentioned here, as well as the temperatures mentioned below for autoclaving, refer to the temperatures in the autoclave. Since the vacuum bag itself may optionally be partially heat-insulating, it may possibly come to a certain time delay until the temperature is reached in the autoclave and the arrangement.
In der Regel ist eine Ausführungsform zweckmäßig und bevorzugt, bei der in Schritt c) nach dem Evakuieren des die Anordnung enthaltenden Vakuumsacks und vor dem Warmevakuieren wie vorstehend beschrieben, ein sogenanntes Kaltevakuieren erfolgt, bei dem die in dem Vakuumsack befindliche Anordnung über einen gewissen Zeitraum, z. B. für mindestens 5 min, bevorzugt mindestens 10 min, bei Umgebungstemperatur gehalten wird, bevor die Anordnung wärmebehandelt wird. Auch dieses optionale Kaltevakuieren findet bevorzugt in dem Autoklaven statt. Unter Umgebungstemperatur wird hierbei insbesondere eine Temperatur im Bereich von etwa 15°C bis etwa 35°C verstanden. In general, an embodiment is expedient and preferred in which a so-called cold evacuation takes place in step c) after evacuation of the vacuum bag containing the arrangement and before warm evacuation, as described above, in which the arrangement located in the vacuum bag over a certain period of time, z. For at least 5 minutes, preferably at least 10 minutes, at ambient temperature before the assembly is heat treated. This optional cold evacuation also preferably takes place in the autoclave. By ambient temperature is meant in particular a temperature in the range of about 15 ° C to about 35 ° C.
Dieses Halten des Vakuums bei Umgebungstemperatur (auch als„cold-deairing" bezeichnet) hat den Vorteil, dass Luft, die sich zwischen der Grund- und Deckscheibe bzw. zwischen der mindestens einen Polymerfolie und den Scheiben befindet, besser entweichen kann, und wird daher in der Regel durchgeführt. This holding of the vacuum at ambient temperature (also referred to as "cold-deairing") has the advantage that air, which is located between the base and cover plate or between the at least one polymer film and the discs, can escape better, and therefore usually done.
Des Weiteren ist das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren durch den nächsten Verfahrensschritt d) gekennzeichnet, der das Abstellen des Vakuums nach der Wärmebehandlung in Schritt c) und Autoklavieren der Anordnung in dem Vakuumsack in dem Autoklaven bei einer Temperatur, die gleich oder größer ist als die Temperatur der Wärmebehandlung in Schritt c), umfasst. Furthermore, the method according to the invention is characterized by the next method step d), which is the stopping of the vacuum after the Heat treatment in step c) and autoclaving the assembly in the vacuum bag in the autoclave at a temperature equal to or greater than the temperature of the heat treatment in step c).
Die Temperatur für das Autoklavieren der in dem Vakuumsack befindlichen Anordnung in dem Autoklaven ist bevorzugt größer ist als die Temperatur der Wärmebehandlung in Schritt c), wobei die Temperatur für das Autoklavieren bevorzugt um mindestens 10°C, bevorzugt mindestens 20°C, bevorzugt mindestens 30°C, größer ist als die Temperatur der Wärmebehandlung in Schritt c). The temperature for autoclaving the assembly in the autoclave in the vacuum bag is preferably greater than the temperature of the heat treatment in step c), wherein the temperature for autoclaving is preferably at least 10 ° C., preferably at least 20 ° C., preferably at least 30 ° C, is greater than the temperature of the heat treatment in step c).
Unter Abstellen des Vakuums wird insbesondere verstanden, dass das Evakuieren beendet wird, z. B. indem die mindestens eine Vakuumpumpe in dem Vakuumsystem, die das Vakuum in dem Vakuumsack in Schritt c) erzeugt und aufrechterhält, abgestellt wird. In der Regel wird der Vakuumsack dabei aber nicht aktiv belüftet. Es kann dadurch im Laufe der Zeit wieder zu einem Anstieg des Luftdrucks in dem Vakuumsack kommen. By switching off the vacuum is understood in particular that the evacuation is terminated, z. By turning off the at least one vacuum pump in the vacuum system which generates and maintains the vacuum in the vacuum bag in step c). As a rule, however, the vacuum bag is not actively aerated. This can lead to an increase in the air pressure in the vacuum bag over time.
Bevorzugt wird die in dem Vakuumsack befindliche Anordnung in Schritt d) bei einer Temperatur im Bereich von 80 bis 150°C, bevorzugt von 90°C bis 145°C autoklaviert. Es wird dabei bei einem absoluten Druck von 7 bar bis 16 bar, bevorzugt von 8 bar bis 14 bar, bevorzugter 10 bar bis 13 bar autoklaviert. The arrangement located in the vacuum bag is preferably autoclaved in step d) at a temperature in the range from 80 to 150 ° C, preferably from 90 ° C to 145 ° C. It is autoclaved at an absolute pressure of 7 bar to 16 bar, preferably from 8 bar to 14 bar, more preferably 10 bar to 13 bar.
Vorzugsweise wird die Anordnung in dem Vakuumsack in Schritt d) für 10 min bis 120 min, besonders für 30 min bis 60 min der maximalen Temperatur und dem maximalen Druck ausgesetzt, die für das Autoklavieren vorgesehen sind. Preferably, the assembly in the vacuum bag in step d) is exposed for 10 minutes to 120 minutes, especially for 30 minutes to 60 minutes, the maximum temperature and maximum pressure intended for autoclaving.
Ein Hauptvorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens besteht darin, dass das Autoklavieren in Schritt d) unmittelbar auf die Wärmebehandlung der in dem evakuierten Vakuumsack befindlichen Anordnung in Schritt c) durchgeführt werden kann, ohne dass die nach dem herkömmlichen Verfahren erforderlichen zeitaufwändigen und arbeitsintensiven Schritte der Entnahme der Anordnung aus einem gesonderten Ofen, der Entnahme der Anordnung aus dem Vakuumsack und schließlich des Platzierens der Anordnung in einem Autoklaven erforderlich sind. Es wurde überraschenderweise festgestellt, dass die Autoklavierung der Anordnung auch dann möglich ist, wenn sie sich noch in dem Vakuumsack befindet. A main advantage of the method according to the invention is that the autoclaving in step d) can be carried out directly on the heat treatment of the evacuated vacuum bag assembly in step c), without the time-consuming and labor-intensive steps of removing the assembly required by the conventional method from a separate oven, the removal of the assembly from the vacuum bag, and finally the placement of the assembly in an autoclave are required. It was surprisingly found that the autoclaving of Arrangement is also possible if it is still in the vacuum bag.
Insbesondere kann im erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren die Behandlung nach der Wärmebehandlung in Schritt c) im Autoklaven direkt nach dem Abstellen des Vakuums einfach durch Erhöhen von Temperatur und Druck im Autoklaven auf die für die Autoklavierung gewünschten Werte fortgesetzt wird, so dass keine Abkühlung der Anordnung zwischen der Wärmebehandlung in Schritt c) und der sich anschließenden Autoklavierung erforderlich ist. In particular, in the process according to the invention, the treatment after the heat treatment in step c) in the autoclave immediately after the vacuum has been stopped is simply continued by increasing the temperature and pressure in the autoclave to the values desired for autoclaving so that no cooling of the assembly takes place between the heat treatment in step c) and the subsequent autoclaving is required.
Es ist daher bevorzugt, wenn zwischen der Wärmebehandlung in Schritt c) und dem Autoklavieren in Schritt d) im wesentlichen keine Abkühlung der Anordnung erfolgt, wobei die Temperatur der Anordnung nach der Wärmebehandlung in Schritt c) und vor dem Autoklavieren in Schritt d) bevorzugt eine Temperatur, die maximal 10°C, bevorzugter maximal 5°C, besonders bevorzugt maximal 2°C niedriger ist als die Temperatur bei der Wärmebehandlung in Schritt c), nicht unterschreitet. Es ist ganz besonders bevorzugt, wenn zwischen der Wärmebehandlung in Schritt c) und dem Autoklavieren in Schritt d) keine Abkühlung der Anordnung erfolgt. It is therefore preferred if substantially no cooling of the arrangement takes place between the heat treatment in step c) and the autoclaving in step d), the temperature of the arrangement preferably being one after the heat treatment in step c) and before autoclaving in step d) Temperature which is at most 10 ° C, more preferably at most 5 ° C, more preferably at most 2 ° C lower than the temperature in the heat treatment in step c), not below. It is very particularly preferred if there is no cooling of the arrangement between the heat treatment in step c) and the autoclaving in step d).
Es ist ferner bevorzugt, dass die Temperatur der Anordnung nach der Wärmebehandlung in Schritt c) und vor dem Autoklavieren in Schritt d) eine Temperatur von 60°C, bevorzugt Temperatur von 70°C und bevorzugter Temperatur von 80°C nicht unterschreitet. It is further preferred that the temperature of the assembly after the heat treatment in step c) and before the autoclaving in step d) does not fall below a temperature of 60 ° C, preferably temperature of 70 ° C and more preferably temperature of 80 ° C.
Wenn zwischen der Wärmebehandlung in Schritt c) und dem Autoklavieren in Schritt d) im Wesentlichen keine oder keine Abkühlung der Anordnung erfolgt, so hat dies den Vorteil, dass die Energie, die zum Wiederaufheizen der Anordnung nötig wäre, eingespart werden kann. If substantially no or no cooling of the assembly takes place between the heat treatment in step c) and the autoclaving in step d), this has the advantage that the energy that would be required to reheat the assembly can be saved.
Nach dem Autoklavieren kann die Anordnung abgekühlt und dem Vakuumsack entnommen werden, um die fertige Verbundglasscheibe zu erhalten. After autoclaving, the assembly can be cooled and removed from the vacuum bag to obtain the finished laminated glass.
Bevorzugt ist, dass nachdem die Anordnung in Vakuumsack in Schritt d) autoklaviert wurde, die Anordnung in dem Vakuumsack in dem Autoklaven aktiv auf eine Temperatur im Bereich von etwa 40°C bis etwa 60°C abgekühlt wird, bevor der Überdruck aus dem Autoklaven abgelassen wird . It is preferred that after the assembly in vacuum bag was autoclaved in step d), the arrangement in the vacuum bag in the autoclave becomes active is cooled to a temperature in the range of about 40 ° C to about 60 ° C, before the pressure is released from the autoclave.
Bevorzugt wird nach dem Abkühlen der Anordnung in dem Vakuumsack und dem Ablassen des Überdrucks aus dem Autoklaven die Anordnung dann in dem Vakuumsack auf Umgebungstemperatur, z. B. 20°C, abgekühlt. Dann kann die fertige Verbundglasscheibe dem Vakuumsack entnommen werden. Preferably, after cooling the assembly in the vacuum bag and releasing the overpressure from the autoclave, the assembly is then set in the vacuum bag to ambient temperature, e.g. B. 20 ° C, cooled. Then the finished laminated glass pane can be removed from the vacuum bag.
Sollten an den Rändern der erhaltenen Verbundglasscheibe Reste der mindestens einen Polymerfolie abstehen, so können diese mit bekannten Verfahren beseitigt werden. If residues of the at least one polymer film stick out at the edges of the obtained laminated glass pane, these can be removed by known processes.
In dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren werden die Wärmebehandlung in Verfahrensschritt c) und das Autoklavieren in Schritt d) in demselben Autoklaven durchgeführt. Dies hat neben der vorstehend beschriebenen Energieersparnis den Vorteil, dass der Transfer der Anordnung aus dem Ofen zum Warmevakuieren unter Abkühlen und der weitere Transfer der abgekühlten Anordnung in den Autoklaven vermieden werden kann, wodurch das Verfahren weniger komplex ist und Arbeitszeit und ein zusätzlicher Ofen eingespart werden kann. In the process according to the invention, the heat treatment in process step c) and the autoclaving in step d) are carried out in the same autoclave. This has, in addition to the energy saving described above, the advantage that the transfer of the assembly from the furnace to the hot evacuation with cooling and the further transfer of the cooled assembly into the autoclave can be avoided, whereby the process is less complex and labor time and an additional furnace can be saved can.
Generell kann mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren eine einzelne Verbundglasscheibe hergestellt werden, es ist jedoch auch die parallele Herstellung mehrerer Verbundglasscheiben im Autoklav möglich und in der Praxis auch sinnvoller. In general, a single laminated glass pane can be produced by the method according to the invention, but it is also possible to produce a plurality of laminated glass panes in an autoclave in parallel and also makes more sense in practice.
Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem eine Verbundglasscheibe, erhältlich nach dem vorstehend beschriebenen Verfahren. The invention also relates to a laminated glass pane obtainable by the method described above.
Zudem betrifft die Erfindung die Verwendung einer nach dem vorstehend beschriebenen Verfahren hergestellten Verbundglasscheibe als Fahrzeugscheibe, Schiffsscheibe oder Flugzeugscheibe, als Bauverglasung, Architekturverglasung oder Möbelverglasung. In addition, the invention relates to the use of a composite glass pane produced by the method described above as a vehicle windshield, ship's window or aircraft windscreen, as architectural glazing, architectural glazing or furniture glazing.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von Zeichnungen und einem Beispiel näher erläutert, die die Erfindung aber in keiner Weise einschränken sollen. Es zeigen : In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings and an example, which are not intended to limit the invention in any way. Show it :
Figur 1 eine schematische Ansicht der Anordnung nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren gemäß Schritt a). Figure 1 is a schematic view of the arrangement according to the inventive method according to step a).
Figur 2a eine schematische Ansicht einer gewölbten Anordnung aus Grundscheibe und Deckscheibe mit einer dazwischenliegenden Polymerfolie in einem planaren Vakuumsack. Die Pfeile zeigen die Druckverhältnisse während des Autoklaviervorgangs. Figure 2a is a schematic view of a curved arrangement of the base plate and cover plate with an intermediate polymer film in a planar vacuum bag. The arrows show the pressure conditions during the autoclaving process.
Figur 2b eine schematische Ansicht einer gewölbten Anordnung aus Grundscheibe und Deckscheibe mit einer dazwischenliegenden Polymerfolie in einem bevorzugten Vakuumsack, der zwei Seitenflächen mit ähnlicher Wölbung wie die gewölbte Anordnung aufweist. Die Pfeile zeigen die Druckverhältnisse während des Autoklaviervorgangs. FIG. 2b shows a schematic view of a curved arrangement of base disk and cover disk with an intervening polymer film in a preferred vacuum bag, which has two side surfaces with a similar curvature as the arched arrangement. The arrows show the pressure conditions during the autoclaving process.
Figur 3 eine schematische Darstellung der Anordnung im Autoklav vor Evakuieren. Figure 3 is a schematic representation of the arrangement in the autoclave before evacuation.
Figur 4 eine schematische Darstellung der Anordnung im Autoklav im evakuierten Vakuumsack. Figure 4 is a schematic representation of the arrangement in the autoclave in the evacuated vacuum bag.
Figur 5 eine schematische Darstellung der fertigen Verbundglasscheibe erhältlich nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren. Figure 5 is a schematic representation of the finished laminated glass available by the method according to the invention.
Figur 6 ein Fließschema des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens (Figur 6a) im Vergleich zu einem Verfahren gemäß dem Stand der Technik (Figur 6b). FIG. 6 shows a flow chart of the method according to the invention (FIG. 6a) in comparison to a method according to the prior art (FIG. 6b).
Figur 7 ein Profil der Temperatur und des Drucks in dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren gemäß dem nachstehend angeführten Beispiel . FIG. 7 shows a profile of the temperature and the pressure in the method according to the invention according to the example given below.
Detaillierte Beschreibung der Figuren Detailed description of the figures
Figur 1 zeigt die Anordnung (6) bzw. die Zusammensetzung der nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellten Verbundglasscheibe, die bevorzugt eine gewölbte Verbundglasscheibe ist. Auf die Deckscheibe (3), bevorzugt eine chemisch getemperte Dünnglasscheibe enthaltend Alkalialuminosilikatglas, wird eine Polymerfolie (2), bevorzugt eine Polyvinylbutyralfolie, aufgelegt, auf die anschließend die Grundscheibe (1), bevorzugt enthaltend Kalk-Natron-Glas, aufgelegt wird . Diese Anordnung kann gegebenenfalls durch punktuelles Erwärmen vorfixiert werden. FIG. 1 shows the arrangement (6) or the composition of the laminated glass pane produced by the process according to the invention, which is preferably a curved laminated glass pane. On the cover plate (3), preferably a chemically tempered thin glass pane containing Alkalialuminosilikatglas is a polymer film (2), preferably a polyvinyl butyral film, placed on the then the base plate (1), preferably containing soda-lime glass, is placed. This arrangement can optionally be prefixed by selective heating.
Figur 2a zeigt die zuvor gebildete gewölbte Anordnung (6) platziert in einem herkömmlichen, planaren Vakuumsack (4a). Die Pfeile veranschaulichen hierbei den auf die Anordnung einwirkenden Druck während des Autoklavierens. Die Länge der Pfeile symbolisiert dabei die Größe des Drucks, der auf die Anordnung (6) einwirkt, wenn diese in dem Vakuumsack (4a) autoklaviert wird . Dabei wird deutlich, dass besonders an den Rändern und in der Mitte der gewölbten Glasscheiben höhere Drücke auf die Anordnung (6) einwirken. Figure 2a shows the previously formed domed assembly (6) placed in a conventional planar vacuum bag (4a). The arrows illustrate the pressure acting on the assembly during autoclaving. The length of the arrows symbolizes the size of the pressure acting on the assembly (6) when it is autoclaved in the vacuum bag (4a). It becomes clear that especially at the edges and in the middle of the curved glass panes, higher pressures act on the arrangement (6).
Figur 2b zeigt die zuvor geformte gewölbte Anordnung (6) platziert in einem an die Form der gewölbten Anordnung angepassten Vakuumsack (4a). Bevorzugt weist so ein Vakuumsack (4a) zwei Seitenflächen mit im Wesentlichen derselben Wölbung wie die darin platzierte Anordnung (6) auf. Durch die im Wesentlichen gleiche Form des Vakuumsacks (4a) ist die Verteilung des auf die Anordnung einwirkenden Drucks während des Autoklavierens sehr gleichmäßig und damit vorteilhaft. FIG. 2b shows the previously formed curved arrangement (6) placed in a vacuum bag (4a) adapted to the shape of the curved arrangement. Preferably, such a vacuum bag (4a) has two side surfaces with substantially the same curvature as the arrangement (6) placed therein. Due to the substantially same shape of the vacuum bag (4a), the distribution of the pressure acting on the assembly during autoclaving is very uniform and thus advantageous.
Figur 3 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung der Anordnung (6) vor dem Evakuieren in einem Vakuumsack (4a) in dem Autoklaven (5). Der Vakuumsack (4a) wird dazu bevorzugt in dem Autoklaven (5) an ein Vakuumsystem, umfassend mindestens eine Vakuumpumpe (nicht gezeigt), angeschlossen. Der Vakuumsack (4a) ist dabei gewöhnlich an ein Autoklavgestell angebracht und damit verbunden, wobei das Vakuumsystem bzw. die Vakuumpumpe an das Gestell angeschlossen wird, so dass das Vakuum über das Gestell an den Vakuumsack angelegt werden kann (nicht gezeigt). FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of the arrangement (6) before evacuation in a vacuum bag (4a) in the autoclave (5). For this purpose, the vacuum bag (4a) is preferably connected in the autoclave (5) to a vacuum system comprising at least one vacuum pump (not shown). The vacuum bag (4a) is usually attached to an autoclave rack and connected thereto, wherein the vacuum system or the vacuum pump is connected to the frame, so that the vacuum can be applied via the frame to the vacuum bag (not shown).
Figur 4 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung der Anordnung (6) im evakuierten Vakuumsack (4b) im Autoklaven. Die Anordnung (6) in dem evakuierten Vakuumsack (4b) in dem Autoklaven (5) wird zunächst bevorzugt für einige Zeit bei Umgebungstemperatur gehalten, bevor die Anordnung in dem evakuierten Vakuumsack (4b) durch Aufheizen des Autoklaven (5) auf die gewünschte Temperatur zur Wärmebehandlung gebracht wird . Auf diese Weise kann restliche Luft, die sich zwischen den Scheiben und der Folie befindet, entweichen. Nach der Wärmebehandlung und Beenden des Evakuierens kann der Autoklavierschritt durch Temperatur- und Druckerhöhung im Autoklaven unmittelbar angeschlossen werden (nicht gezeigt). FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of the arrangement (6) in the evacuated vacuum bag (4b) in an autoclave. The assembly (6) in the evacuated vacuum bag (4b) in the autoclave (5) is preferably maintained at ambient temperature for some time before the assembly in the evacuated vacuum bag (4b) is heated to the desired temperature by heating the autoclave (5) Heat treatment is brought. This way can residual Air that is between the discs and the foil escapes. After the heat treatment and completion of the evacuation, the autoclaving step can be directly connected by temperature and pressure increase in the autoclave (not shown).
Figur 5 zeigt die fertige Verbundglasscheibe (7), erhältlich nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren. FIG. 5 shows the finished laminated glass pane (7) obtainable by the process according to the invention.
Figur 6 zeigt ein Fließschema des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens (Figur 6a) im Vergleich zu einem Verfahren gemäß dem Stand der Technik (Figur 6b). FIG. 6 shows a flow chart of the method according to the invention (FIG. 6a) in comparison with a method according to the prior art (FIG. 6b).
Gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren (Figur 6a) werden mindestens eine Polymerfolie auf einer Grundscheibe und eine Deckscheibe auf der Polymerfolie angeordnet oder mindestens eine Polymerfolie auf einer Deckscheibe und eine Grundscheibe auf der mindestens einen Polymerfolie angeordnet. Die Anordnung wird in einen Vakuumsack überführt. Der Vakuumsack kann gegebenenfalls der Form der Anordnung angepasst werden. Der Vakuumsack enthaltend die Anordnung wird in einem Autoklaven platziert, evakuiert und die Anordnung wird in dem Vakuumsack unter Aufrechterhaltung des Vakuums wärmebehandelt. Anschließend wird das Vakuum ausgeschaltet und die Anordnung in dem Vakuumsack in demselben Autoklaven autoklaviert. Der Autoklav wird abgekühlt und die fertige Verbundglasscheibe entnommen. According to the inventive method (FIG. 6a), at least one polymer film is arranged on a base disk and a cover disk on the polymer film, or at least one polymer film is arranged on a cover disk and a base disk is arranged on the at least one polymer film. The assembly is transferred to a vacuum bag. The vacuum bag may optionally be adapted to the shape of the arrangement. The vacuum bag containing the assembly is placed in an autoclave, evacuated and the assembly is heat treated in the vacuum bag while maintaining the vacuum. The vacuum is then turned off and the assembly autoclaved in the vacuum bag in the same autoclave. The autoclave is cooled and removed the finished laminated glass.
Gemäß einem Verfahren nach dem Stand der Technik (Figur 6b) werden mindestens eine Polymerfolie auf einer Grundscheibe und eine Deckscheibe auf der Polymerfolie angeordnet oder eine Polymerfolie auf einer Deckscheibe und eine Grundscheibe auf der Polymerfolie angeordnet. Die Anordnung wird in einen Vakuumsack überführt. Der Vakuumsack enthaltend die Anordnung wird evakuiert und die Anordnung in dem Vakuumsack anschließend in einem Ofen unter Aufrechterhaltung des Vakuums wärmebehandelt. Anschließend wir das Vakuum abgestellt, die Anordnung aus dem Ofen und dem Vakuumsack entnommen und anschließend auf ein Autoklavgestell abgestellt und gewartet, bis eine ausreichende Anzahl vorbereiteter Anordnungen für die Füllung des Autoklaven vorhanden ist, was insgesamt zu einer Erkaltung der Scheiben führt. Die in Folge dieser Arbeitsschritte erkaltete Anordnung wird nun in einem Autoklaven platziert und darin autoklaviert. Nach dem Autoklavierprozess und dem Abkühlen der Anordnung in der Autoklaven wird die fertige Verbundglasscheibe entnommen. Figur 7 zeigt beispielhaft das Profil der während des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens herrschenden Temperaturen und Drücke als Funktion der Zeit gemäß nachstehendem Beispiel . According to a process according to the prior art (FIG. 6b), at least one polymer film is arranged on a base disk and a cover disk on the polymer film or a polymer film is arranged on a cover disk and a base disk is arranged on the polymer film. The assembly is transferred to a vacuum bag. The vacuum bag containing the assembly is evacuated and the assembly in the vacuum bag is then heat treated in an oven while maintaining the vacuum. Then we turned off the vacuum, removed the assembly from the oven and the vacuum bag, and then placed it on an autoclave rack and waited for a sufficient number of prepared arrangements to fill the autoclave, resulting in an overall cooling of the discs. The cooled in consequence of these steps arrangement is now placed in an autoclave and autoclaved therein. After the autoclaving process and cooling the assembly in the autoclave, the finished laminated glass pane is removed. FIG. 7 shows by way of example the profile of the temperatures and pressures prevailing during the process according to the invention as a function of time in accordance with the example below.
Beispiel example
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment.
Auf eine chemisch getemperte, gewölbte Dünnglasscheibe aus Alkalialuminosilikatglas mit einer Dicke von 0,55 mm als Deckscheibe wurde eine Polyvinylbutyralfolie mit einer Dicke von 0,85 mm aufgelegt. Auf die aufgelegte Folie wurde eine gewölbten Grundscheibe aus Kalk-Natron-Glas mit einer Dicke von 2, 1 mm angeordnet. Diese Anordnung wurde in einen Vakuumsack platziert, wobei der Vakuumsack wie in Fig. 2a oder Fig. 2b ausgebildet sein kann. Der Vakuumsack wurde in einen Autoklaven überführt und dort an ein Vakuumsystem angeschlossen. In dem Vakuumsack wurde ein Vakuum von etwa 200 mbar erzeugt. Dieses Vakuum wird nun für etwa 15 min bei der Umgebungstemperatur (etwa 20°C) gehalten. On a chemically tempered, curved thin glass sheet of alkali aluminosilicate glass with a thickness of 0.55 mm as the cover plate, a polyvinyl butyral film was placed with a thickness of 0.85 mm. On the laid-up film, a curved base plate made of soda-lime glass with a thickness of 2, 1 mm was arranged. This arrangement was placed in a vacuum bag, wherein the vacuum bag as shown in Fig. 2a or Fig. 2b may be formed. The vacuum bag was transferred to an autoclave and connected to a vacuum system. In the vacuum bag, a vacuum of about 200 mbar was generated. This vacuum is then held at ambient temperature (about 20 ° C) for about 15 minutes.
Danach erfolgt ein Aufheizen des Autoklaven auf etwa 90°C, wobei das Vakuum von etwa 200 mbar in dem Vakuumsack aktiv gehalten bzw. aufrechterhalten wird . Zur Wärmebehandlung wird die Temperatur von etwa 90°C für ca. 30 min gehalten. Dieser auch als „hot de-airing" bezeichnete Vorgang dient dazu, dass die restliche Luft, die sich noch zwischen den Glasscheiben und der Folie befindet, entweichen kann. Thereafter, the autoclave is heated to about 90 ° C, wherein the vacuum of about 200 mbar is kept active or maintained in the vacuum bag. For heat treatment, the temperature is maintained at about 90 ° C for about 30 minutes. This process, also known as "hot de-airing", serves to allow the remaining air, which is still between the glass panes and the foil, to escape.
Danach wird das Vakuum durch Ausschalten der Vakuumpumpe abgestellt und Temperatur und Druck im Autoklav, in dem sich die Anordnung in dem Vakuumsack befindet, werden für die Autoklavierung erhöht, so dass eine Temperatur von 140°C und ein Druck von 9 bar absolut im Autoklaven erreicht wird . Thereafter, the vacuum is switched off by switching off the vacuum pump and temperature and pressure in the autoclave in which the arrangement is in the vacuum bag are increased for autoclaving, so that reaches a temperature of 140 ° C and a pressure of 9 bar absolute in the autoclave becomes .
Die Temperatur von 140°C und der Druck von 9 bar wurden für etwa 45 min aufrechterhalten. Anschließend wurden der Autoklav und die Anordnung in dem Vakuumsack bei einem Druck von 9 bar auf 40°C aktiv heruntergekühlt. Nachdem eine Temperatur von 40°C erreicht wurde, wurde der Autoklav enthaltend die Anordnung in dem Vakuumsack auf einen Druck von etwa 1 bar, d. h. normalen Umgebungsdruck, entspannt und die Anordnung in dem Vakuumsack auf Umgebungstemperatur (20°C) abgekühlt. The temperature of 140 ° C and the pressure of 9 bar were maintained for about 45 min. Subsequently, the autoclave and the arrangement in the Vacuum bag actively cooled down to 40 ° C at a pressure of 9 bar. After reaching a temperature of 40 ° C, the autoclave containing the assembly in the vacuum bag was depressurized to a pressure of about 1 bar, ie normal ambient pressure, and the assembly in the vacuum bag cooled to ambient temperature (20 ° C).
Nach dieser Behandlung sind Grund- und Deckscheibe durch die dazwischenliegende Polyvinylbutyralfolie fest miteinander verbunden und die hergestellte gewölbte Verbundglasscheibe kann beispielsweise als Fahrzeugscheibe in einem Auto verwendet werden. After this treatment, the base and the cover plates are firmly joined together by the interposed polyvinyl butyral film and the produced curved laminated glass pane can be used, for example, as a vehicle window in a car.
Das beschriebene Verfahren zeigt, dass die Anordnung zwischen Schritt c) und Schritt d) nicht abgekühlt wird, wodurch das erneute Wiederaufheizen nicht erforderlich ist, was gegenüber den aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Verfahren deutlich energieeffizienter ist. Zudem werden die Wärmebehandlung gemäß Schritt c) und das Autoklavieren gemäß Schritt d) in derselben Vorrichtung, d . h. dem Autoklaven ausgeführt, sodass die Anordnung während des Verfahrens nicht von einer Vorrichtung in eine andere Vorrichtung transferiert werden muss, was das Verfahren gegenüber den Verfahren aus dem Stand der Technik auch bezüglich der investierten Arbeitszeit und eingesparter Ausrüstung deutlich effizienter macht. The described method shows that the arrangement between step c) and step d) is not cooled, whereby the renewed reheating is not required, which is much more energy efficient compared to the methods known from the prior art. In addition, the heat treatment according to step c) and the autoclaving according to step d) in the same device, i. H. autoclaving so that the assembly does not need to be transferred from one device to another during the process, which makes the process much more efficient over the prior art processes also in terms of time invested and equipment saved.
Bezugszeichenliste: LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
1 Grundscheibe 1 base disk
2 Polymerfolie 2 polymer film
3 Deckscheibe 3 cover disc
4a Vakuumsack, nicht evakuiert 4a Vacuum bag, not evacuated
4b Vakuumsack, evakuiert 4b vacuum bag, evacuated
5 Autoklav 5 autoclave
6 Anordnung aus Grundscheibe und Deckscheibe mit einer dazwischenliegenden Polymerfolie 6 Arrangement of base disk and cover disk with an intervening polymer film
7 hergestellte Verbundglasscheibe 7 produced laminated glass
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201880000730.8A CN108966646A (en) | 2017-03-20 | 2018-03-08 | Autoclaving by vacuum bagging |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP17161777.2 | 2017-03-20 | ||
| EP17161777 | 2017-03-20 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2018172094A1 true WO2018172094A1 (en) | 2018-09-27 |
Family
ID=58454851
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2018/055779 Ceased WO2018172094A1 (en) | 2017-03-20 | 2018-03-08 | Autoclaving with vacuum bag |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN108966646A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2018172094A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114371125A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-04-19 | 江苏铁锚玻璃股份有限公司 | Method for testing TPU bonding strength |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB755809A (en) | 1953-12-07 | 1956-08-29 | Rhone Poulenc Sa | Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of laminated safety glass |
| US4584245A (en) | 1982-06-08 | 1986-04-22 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Laminated safety glass |
| EP0331648A2 (en) | 1988-03-04 | 1989-09-06 | Attilio Borgna | Process for manufacturing laminated glass |
| US20070154705A1 (en) | 2003-05-28 | 2007-07-05 | Christoph Doeppner | Method and device for producing composite elements and composite element |
| EP2647497A1 (en) | 2012-04-03 | 2013-10-09 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Method for producing a curved composite sheet having a pre-formed polymer film |
| US20150122406A1 (en) | 2012-06-08 | 2015-05-07 | Corning Incorporated | Process for laminating thin glass laminates |
| US20150158277A1 (en) | 2012-06-14 | 2015-06-11 | Corning Incorporated | Process for laminating thin glass laminates |
| US20160167348A1 (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2016-06-16 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Multilayer polymeric sheets and light weight laminates produced therefrom |
-
2018
- 2018-03-08 CN CN201880000730.8A patent/CN108966646A/en active Pending
- 2018-03-08 WO PCT/EP2018/055779 patent/WO2018172094A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB755809A (en) | 1953-12-07 | 1956-08-29 | Rhone Poulenc Sa | Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of laminated safety glass |
| US4584245A (en) | 1982-06-08 | 1986-04-22 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Laminated safety glass |
| EP0331648A2 (en) | 1988-03-04 | 1989-09-06 | Attilio Borgna | Process for manufacturing laminated glass |
| US20070154705A1 (en) | 2003-05-28 | 2007-07-05 | Christoph Doeppner | Method and device for producing composite elements and composite element |
| EP2647497A1 (en) | 2012-04-03 | 2013-10-09 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Method for producing a curved composite sheet having a pre-formed polymer film |
| US20150122406A1 (en) | 2012-06-08 | 2015-05-07 | Corning Incorporated | Process for laminating thin glass laminates |
| US20150158277A1 (en) | 2012-06-14 | 2015-06-11 | Corning Incorporated | Process for laminating thin glass laminates |
| US20160167348A1 (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2016-06-16 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Multilayer polymeric sheets and light weight laminates produced therefrom |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114371125A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-04-19 | 江苏铁锚玻璃股份有限公司 | Method for testing TPU bonding strength |
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|---|---|
| CN108966646A (en) | 2018-12-07 |
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