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WO2018166580A1 - Capteur de co2 à base d'un composite à membrane polymère ionique - Google Patents

Capteur de co2 à base d'un composite à membrane polymère ionique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018166580A1
WO2018166580A1 PCT/EP2017/055906 EP2017055906W WO2018166580A1 WO 2018166580 A1 WO2018166580 A1 WO 2018166580A1 EP 2017055906 W EP2017055906 W EP 2017055906W WO 2018166580 A1 WO2018166580 A1 WO 2018166580A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sensor
ionic liquid
matrix
electrodes
response
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2017/055906
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English (en)
Inventor
Walter Daves
Suresh PALALE
Pardhasaradhi VEMULAMADA
Bora ERSOEZ
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Priority to PCT/EP2017/055906 priority Critical patent/WO2018166580A1/fr
Publication of WO2018166580A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018166580A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
    • G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
    • G01N27/12—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a solid body in dependence upon absorption of a fluid; of a solid body in dependence upon reaction with a fluid, for detecting components in the fluid
    • G01N27/125—Composition of the body, e.g. the composition of its sensitive layer
    • G01N27/126—Composition of the body, e.g. the composition of its sensitive layer comprising organic polymers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
    • G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
    • G01N33/0027—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector
    • G01N33/0036—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector specially adapted to detect a particular component
    • G01N33/004—CO or CO2

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a CO2 gas sensor having a layer comprising a matrix with an ionic liquid.
  • CO2 gas sensing plays an important, or even essential role in many areas ranging from food safety to environmental monitoring with one well known example being indoor air quality (IAQ) control which enables efficient control of air condition in offices or greenbuildings.
  • Two types of measurement techniques may be typically used for CO2 gas sensing.
  • One of these uses the non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) gas analyzer that may be based on absorption of infrared light by CO2 gas.
  • NDIR non-dispersive infrared
  • the CO2 gas sensors based on NDIR may have high sensitivity. However, the whole sensing system tends to be large and expensive because it requires complicated optical systems. In addition, power consumption may be high (around 100 mW) due to use of infrared laser.
  • the second technique is an electrochemical technique. There are mainly three types of electrochemical sensors, largely based on measurement of redox current (amperometric), or the development of a potential (potentiometric), or a change in electrical impedance
  • CO2 sensing layer As for materials, several types have been reported for use as CO2 sensing layer. Metal oxide semiconductors, such as BaSnCh, T1O2, CuO-SnCh and perovskite, have been widely studied for CO2 sensing due to their low cost and simple preparation methods. However, these materials tend to have shortcomings, such as high energy consumption and low selectivity. In another instance, carbon nanotube and graphene metal oxide composite may be operated at relatively lower temperatures but selectivity remains an issue. These motivates exploration on the potential of conducting polymers as CO2 sensing layers.
  • Metal oxide semiconductors such as BaSnCh, T1O2, CuO-SnCh and perovskite
  • Ionic liquids may be defined as salts with weakly coordinated ions and remain in liquid state at room temperatures (20°C to 40°C). IL may also be stable liquids up to temperatures of about 200°C. They may comprise a bulky organic cation (e.g .
  • an inorganic or organic anion e.g. halide ions, tetrafluoroborate, hexafluorophosphate, acetate.
  • the robust ions may impart high thermal stability, thereby enabling the liquid to withstand high temperatures and remain physically and chemically unchanged.
  • imidazolium based RTIL have been used for CO2 sensing material.
  • the high sensitivity may be achieved through formation of an unstable intermediate electrochemical compound at room temperature which results in lower power consumption.
  • many ionic liquids may possess negligible volatility, making them an ideal medium for gas detection in extreme operating conditions.
  • RTIL satisfying requirements of consumer electronics (CE) with the adoption of a MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical System) resistive of capacitive transducer are not typically known.
  • CE require low cost, low power usage, small size and flexibility for wearable applications.
  • organic polymer layer based chemiresistor gas sensors e.g. amino-polysiloxanes
  • MOx based chemiresistor sensors also likely suffer from insufficient sensitivity and selectivity towards moisture and volatile organic compounds.
  • the present disclosure offers a solution in the form of an improved CO2 gas sensor that not only addresses the above limitations but also possesses flexibility for consumer wearables.
  • a sensor for detecting CO2 in a gas having a layer comprising a matrix and an ionic liquid incorporated therein, wherein the ionic liquid forms a CO2 intermediate complex when exposed to CO2 and the CO2 intermediate complex dissociates into positively and negatively charged ions upon application of a stimulant to produce a response which indicates the presence or absence of CO2.
  • FIG. 1 a shows a schematic of CO2 sensor architecture (1 ) having a sheet-like structure built based on ionic liquid polymer composite (IPC) while utilizing a conventional ionic polymer metal composite structure where two electrodes sandwiched an IPC.
  • the sheet-like structure may be known as an ionic polymer metal composite (IPMC) hereinafter.
  • Figure 1 b shows a schematic of CO2 sensor architecture (2) which relies on the single layer concept of having an ionic liquid in a matrix or IPC on MEMS structure.
  • Figure 2a illustrates a fabricated device of an IPMC sheet which adopts the structure depicted in figure 1 a, where a nafion polymer matrix has been used to form the IPMC sheet according to embodiments as described herein.
  • Figure 2b illustrates a fabricated device of an IPC layer deposited on MEMS structure (a sensor platform for consumer electronics) based on nafion polymer matrix according to the embodiments as described herein.
  • the IPC on MEMS structure follows the concept depicted in figure 1 b.
  • FIG 3 shows the CO2 response based on an IPMC membrane cut from an IPMC sheet as shown in figure 2a with electrodes composed of Platinum (Pt) electrodes where 2 V DC bias is applied.
  • the membrane may be small in size, such that it can be used in a CO2 sensor for mobile device or wearable applications etc.
  • the structural components, i.e. IPC layer and electrodes, are present in the membrane.
  • Figure 4 shows the CO2 response based on an IPMC membrane cut from an IPMC sheet as shown in figure 2a with electrodes composed of silver (Ag) nanowires where 2 V DC bias is applied.
  • Figure 5 illustrates the impedance measurement system setup and the IPMC sheet response to CO2, where DC bias is 2 V and AC bias is 100 mV.
  • Figure 6 shows CO2 response under DC bias conditions based on the pure ionic liquid deposited on the MEMS structure according to the embodiments as described herein.
  • Figure 7 shows the CO2 response of an IPC sensing layer deposited on MEMS structure where 2 V DC bias is applied . Two gas concentrations and three repeated cycles are shown for the DC measurements.
  • Figure 8 shows the CO2 response of an IPC sensing layer deposited on MEMS structure at a fixed frequency of 1000 Hz in order to demonstrate the IPMC's adaptability of the operating frequencies to Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) capabilities. Three gas concentrations are shown in this AC measurement graph.
  • ASIC Application-Specific Integrated Circuit
  • Figure 9 shows a consumer wearable device having a sensor based on the embodiments as disclosed herein.
  • analyte refers to a substance whose constituent(s) is to be detected and/or characterized.
  • sensing refers to detection and/or characterization of analyte(s).
  • matrix refers to any material that can contain an ionic liquid within its structure and can be suitably used as described in the present disclosure.
  • intermediate complex refers to a substance that is reversibly formed from a chemical or physical reaction and the reactants forming the intermediate complex can be converted to another substance or reverted to its original form.
  • the CO2 in the intermediate complex EMIM-CO2-BF4 may be converted to CO or release from the intermediate complex as CO2 without being converted.
  • the reactants "EMI” and "BF4" may be restored to EMI-BF4 in both situations.
  • the term "EMI” and the formula "BF4" refer to 1 -ethyl-3- methylimidazolium and tetrafluoroborate, respectively.
  • stimulant refers to any means that causes a response from the sensor to indicate the presence or absence of CO2. More particularly, a “stimulant” may refer to any means that causes the intermediate complex to dissociate or split into positively and negatively charged ions, giving rise to a response to indicate the presence or absence of CO2.
  • a sensor for detecting CO2 in a gas may comprise a layer comprising a matrix and an ionic liquid incorporated therein, wherein the ionic liquid forms a CO2 intermediate complex when exposed to CO2 and the CO2 intermediate complex dissociates into positively and negatively charged ions upon application of a stimulant to produce a response which indicates the presence or absence of CO2.
  • the sensor may be (1 ) a single layer structure i.e. an ionic polymer metal composite (IPMC) which may be formed from the matrix with RTIL (i.e. IPC) having thin metallization (or electrodes) on both sides of the matrix.
  • IPMC ionic polymer metal composite
  • the IPMC membrane which comprises the matrix with RTIL can be easily formed (cut, stencilled etc.) from a sheet to be adapted for various usage or requirements as a single layer simply comprising the matrix, or a conducting polymer matrix, with the ionic liquid (i.e. IPC) for MEMS platform.
  • the sensor may be used as a standalone device, a chemiresistor or form part of a standalone MEMS device.
  • the senor may have architecture (2) derived by drop casting to form a layer on an existing sensing platform. No thin metalization may be required in architecture (2) as there may be interdigited electrodes formed in the MEMS.
  • the matrix may comprise an electrically conducting material.
  • the matrix may also comprise a non-conducting material (i.e. one that does not conduct electricity).
  • the matrix may further comprise both of such materials.
  • the electrically conducting material may comprise a conducting polymer.
  • the conducting polymer matrix may be used to contain the RTIL.
  • the conducting polymer matrix may comprise a fluorinated conducting polymer.
  • the fluorinated conducting polymer may be selected from the group consisting of nafion and poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP).
  • the conducting polymer or the matrix may be in the form of a membrane, that is to say, the layer made of the conducting polymer may have a porous and/or tortuous structure.
  • the channels formed from the interconnecting pores of the conducting polymer or material(s) used to form the matrix may serve as conduits for movement or to guide the movement of ions from the ionic liquid. This aids diffusion of the mobile ions, thereby improving response sensitivity.
  • the ionic liquid may be a liquid comprising oppositely charged mobile ions at room temperature.
  • the ionic liquid does not evaporate at room temperature.
  • Room temperatures may vary from 20°C to 40°C, 20°C to 30°C, 30°C to 40°C or even 25°C to 35°C.
  • the ionic liquid may remain as a stable liquid even up to 200°C.
  • the ionic liquid may be a stable liquid in the range of 20°C to 100°C or any other temperatures as specified herein.
  • the ionic liquid may comprise imidazolium based ionic liquid(s).
  • the ionic liquid may comprise 1 -ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (EMI-BF4).
  • 1 -ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (EMI-BF4) may be selected out of the various combinations of anions and cations that form the ionic liquid.
  • the ionic liquid may be incorporated within the matrix or conducting polymer matrix. In other words, the ionic liquid may reside entirely within the matrix or conducting polymer matrix, or the ionic liquid may also cover the periphery of the matrix or conducting polymer matrix.
  • the CO2 binds or reacts with the RTIL to form a CO2 intermediate complex.
  • the amount of intermediate complex formed may be different which in turn results in different dissociation.
  • Normal air may contain about 400 ppm of CO2 and this may be taken as a baseline for the calibration curve of a sensor obtained with respect to different gas concentrations.
  • the CO2 intermediate complex may comprise EMIM-CO2-BF4.
  • the CO2 intermediate complex may split or dissociate into positively and negatively charged ions.
  • the positive and negative ions may comprise (EMI-C02) + and BF4 " , respectively. These ions may move towards the respective metal contacts or electrodes to produce a response in the sensor or detection system to indicate the presence of CO2.
  • the stimulant may comprise or may be selected from the group consisting of an electric field, a bias voltage, frequency of an AC voltage and modulation of an amount of the ionic liquid .
  • the modulation may change the amount of cations and anions in the RTIL available for reacting with CO2 gas to form the intermediate complexes, thereby changing resistivity of the IPMC matrix.
  • This resistance change may be measured as a change in the current passing through it.
  • the response produced may comprise a change in resistance, current and/or impedance modulus, depending on the stimulant applied.
  • the output current of a chemiresistive device may be enhanced by several orders of magnitude while operating at room temperatures by incorporating RTIL into a conducting polymer membrane such as nafion or PVDF-HFP (this may also be known as an ionic polymer metal composite i.e. IPMC structure, where the metal component may be from the architecture of (1 )).
  • a conducting polymer membrane such as nafion or PVDF-HFP (this may also be known as an ionic polymer metal composite i.e. IPMC structure, where the metal component may be from the architecture of (1 )).
  • selectivity of the RTIL may be maintained or even improved. This may allow the matrix or conducting polymer with RTIL to be used for devices with resistance in the order of kilo-ohms, which may be easily processed by simple ASIC implementations.
  • the senor may further comprise two electrodes with the matrix and the ionic liquid formed in a layer positioned between the two electrodes.
  • the two electrodes may comprise any suitable metal oxides, such as tin (Sn) or lanthanum (La) based oxides.
  • the two electrodes may also comprise platinum, silver, gold, gold nanowires, indium tin oxide, tin based metal oxides, lanthanum based metal oxides, reduced graphene oxide, monolayer graphene, multilayer graphene or silicon MEMS contacts. If silicon MEMS contacts are used as the electrodes, the sensor may be constructed from architecture (2).
  • the sensor may be used in a CO2 sensor (e.g. CO2 sensor system) or may be a CO2 sensor suitable for use in consumer electronics, mobile devices, wearable CO2 sensor systems, air quality sensor nodes and demand controlled ventilation systems.
  • a CO2 sensor e.g. CO2 sensor system
  • CO2 sensor suitable for use in consumer electronics, mobile devices, wearable CO2 sensor systems, air quality sensor nodes and demand controlled ventilation systems.
  • the porosity and/or permeability of the electrodes and IPMC structure may be used to improve diffusion properties of the CO2 or the ions within the sensing layer, or more particularly, diffusion through the matrix, thereby improving the response time and signal saturation behavior.
  • the present sensor through the use of a matrix with RTIL, results in shorter recovery time and baseline correction using voltage bias control algorithm instead of thermal modulation e.g. hotplate, and this may significantly reduce power consumption.
  • the selectivity and sensitivity may also be conveniently tuned via voltage control.
  • Example 1 Sensor Device Architectures
  • IPC ionic liquid polymer composite
  • the IPC is configured to take on a membrane structure in the form of a sheet.
  • the sensor can be cut out and used in a "test strip” configuration with possibility of replacement depending on usage to minimize overall cost. This concept can be easily adapted to wearable applications by integrating it into a flexible substrate.
  • the sensor in this example is formed as a single layer active element which comprises a RTIL incorporated conducting polymer membrane with both sides metalized, following architecture (1 ).
  • IPMC membrane sensors with different conducting electrode materials such as platinum (Pt), silver (Ag), gold (Au), silver nanowires (AgNWs), indium tin oxide (ITO), reduced graphene oxide, monolayer and/or multilayer graphene can be used.
  • Other suitable metal oxides, such as tin or lanthanum based metal oxides can also be used .
  • An example of an IPC membrane sensor and its sheet structure is illustrated in figure 1 a.
  • the top electrode, bottom electrode and IPC sensing layer of figure 1 a are represented by reference numerals 100, 102 and 104, respectively.
  • the structure in figure 1 a may be found in conventional ionic polymer metal composites (IPMC), it is to be distinguished that the present IPC differs from conventional structures in terms of the layer between the two electrodes of figure 1 a i.e. the layer in the present disclosure comprises the combination of an ionic liquid and a host matrix (which can be of an electrically conducting and/or non-conducting material as long as it can contain the ionic liquid).
  • IPMC ionic polymer metal composites
  • the IPC adopts the concept of a sensing layer for functionalization of interdigital electrode structure e.g. on Si MEMS device using suitable deposition methods (ink jet printing, drop casting etc.) as shown in figure 1 b and figure 2b.
  • the IPC sensing layer, contact pads, interdigited electrodes and MEMS substrate of figure 1 b are represented by reference numerals 104', 106, 108 and 1 10, respectively.
  • the main role of the ionic polymer composite (IPC) is to retain the ions or ionic liquid within the IPC matrix, thereby imparting a solid structure to RTIL for better handling and to assist in diffusion of ions towards the electrode, wherein the latter occurs in reaction to the introduction of a target analyte when voltage is applied.
  • the sensor otherwise known as a sensing layer in this architecture, can be made from organic or inorganic materials.
  • fluorinated conducting polymers such as nafion or PVDF can be used to form sensing layers due to their high thermal stability and ease of tailoring the layer design with micro/nano channels which can then interact with the desired analyte gas.
  • Solution casting or inkjet printing methods can be used to prepare inorganic layers, semiconductor layers or any oxide based conductor with intermediate conductivity.
  • nafion serves as the conducting polymeric membrane layer (also called the nafion polymer matrix) and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (EMI-BF4) is the RTIL.
  • the IPMC membrane is fabricated into a sheet structure as shown in figure 2a and also fabricated in a Si MEMS device as shown in figure 2b, where the sensing layer is represented by the dark circle.
  • Example 2 DC Measurement with IPMC Membrane Sensor Having Sheet Structure (Architecture (1 ))
  • the CO2 Upon interaction with the analyte CO2, the CO2 becomes bound to the RTIL layer by forming a complex "EMIM-CO2-BF4". With the application of suitable electrode potential, the RTIL separates into cations (EMIM-C02) + and anions BF4 " , which then move towards the electrode interface. These movable ions bound to CO2 are expected to result in charge transfer and the overall conductivity of the IPMC matrix can be changed. Ultimately, electrochemical decomposition at the electrode occurs to convert CO2 to CO. The response to CO2 is shown in figure 3 with exposures of CO2 at different concentrations of 800 ppm and 1600 ppm. There is an initial sharp response for 10 seconds, and after that, the response was retained during the whole CO2 exposure cycle.
  • Response retention can be further increased by adjusting permeability of the electrode and IPMC membrane.
  • porous electrodes made of Ag nanowires are used instead of Pt to improve permeability of CO2 gas in the IPMC matrix.
  • the response retention is clearly indicated in figure 4 with exposures of CO2 at different concentrations of 800 ppm and 1600 ppm. This effect is applicable to all architectures that eventually utilize electrodes.
  • Example 4 AC Measurement with IPMC Membrane Sensor Having Sheet Structure (Architecture (1 ))
  • IPMC device with EMI-BF4 and Pt electrodes built based on the sample of example 2 is used to test for CO2 response.
  • CO2 gas sensing is achieved by measuring the impedance change of the IPMC sheet because absorption of CO2 gas causes a chemical reaction to form the intermediate complex as mentioned above.
  • the experimental setup (figure 5) contains an impedance analyzer 506 and a CO2 gas concentration control system with a gas flow monitor (not shown).
  • the top electrode, bottom electrode and IPC sensing layer of figure 5 are represented by reference numerals 500, 502 and 504, respectively. All the measurements are done in open chamber with three different CO2 concentrations at 1000 ppm, 2000 ppm and 4000 ppm. The samples are exposed to CO2 concentration for 90 seconds before impedance measurement.
  • the AC sine wave VAC represented in the eguation below, is applied to the IPMC sheet, where VDC, AAC and f are DC bias voltage, amplitude and freguency of the AC voltage, respectively.
  • VDC and AAC are selected to be 2 V and 100 mV, respectively, f is swept from 100,000 Hz to 1 Hz.
  • the current flowing in the IPMC sheet is measured when VAC is applied and modulus is calculated by Autolab software which derives the modulus from impedance via the frequency response analyze (FRA) method. Impedance modulus (Z) is taken as the ratio of voltage amplitude to current amplitude. As CO2 gas concentration increases, the cell's impedance modulus decreases, according to figure 5.
  • VAC VDC + AAC sin (2 ⁇ f t)
  • Example 5 Sensing Layer Concept with Pure Ionic Liquid on Si MEMS Structure (Architecture (2))
  • EMI-BF4 Pure ionic liquid
  • Si silicon
  • the resistivity of the IPC sensing layer can be affected by external factors such as the application of an electric field or modulation of the amount of RTIL. This modulation results in changing the amount of cations and anions available for reacting with the analyte gas CO2 to form the intermediate complexes, thereby changing resistivity of the IPMC matrix. This resistance change can be measured as a change in the current passing through it.
  • Example 6 DC Measurement - Sensing Layer Concept with IPC on Si MEMS Structure (Architecture (2))
  • This example relates to a sensor constructed using architecture (2) where the IPC layer without any metalized electrode layers is deposited on MEMS structure. This example also illustrates how architecture (2) can be adapted for application in consumer electronics.
  • IPC ionic liguid conducting polymer composite
  • EMI-BF4 as the RTIL
  • nafion as the polymer matrix layer.
  • EMI-BF4 and nafion are dissolved in organic solvent 1 -propanol (IPA) and deionized (Dl) water.
  • IPA organic solvent 1 -propanol
  • Dl deionized water.
  • the sensing layer is processed by drop casting technigue followed by evaporating its solvent. In a mass production environment, a more suitable deposition method such as inkjet printing or any other large scale technigues can be used.
  • Example 7 AC Measurement Using Sensing Layer Concept with IPC on Si MEMS Structure (Architecture (2)) and Adaptability To Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC)
  • impedance modulus is measured at a fixed freguency of 1000 Hz for the IPMC sensing layer which is deposited on MEMS microstructure having architecture (2) of example 6 (figure 8).
  • CO2 detection is triggered with the application of 2 V bias attributed to the formation of the intermediate complex as mentioned above.
  • the sample is exposed to CO2 for 120 seconds before measuring the impedance modulus. Clear correlation of the impedance modulus change with the magnitude of CO2 concentration at 1000 ppm, 2000 ppm and 4000 ppm (as shown in figure 8) is observable.
  • IPMC sensors constructed based on either of the architectures as disclosed herein can be adopted in various applications, for example, polymer actuators, gas sensors for consumer electronics, the internet of things, environmental sensors and even domestic/security sensors for indoor air guality and safety devices. Sensors based on the architectures as disclosed herein can be used in wearable applications as shown in figure 9.
  • Figure 9 illustrates a wearable device used for measuring CO2 concentration and transmitting the data wirelessly using Bluetooth technology to a mobile device having an application that works with the wearable device.
  • the flexible substrate configuration and the various components as shown in figure 9 are such that the CO2 sensor system becomes wearable.
  • the components used for constructing such a wearable CO2 sensor device include a battery 900, a passivation material for protection and imparting flexibility 902, a CO2 sensor 904 (e.g.
  • IPMC sensor based on the various embodiments as disclosed herein, an ASIC that is low cost and low power 906, a microcontroller and memory for communication and computation 908, a mobile or remote device 910 that works with the wearable device via wirelessly technology, a biocompatible adhesive 912 and a flexible low cost substrate 914 (e.g. polyimide and polyethylene terephthalate PET) with electrical wiring to connect the various components.
  • ASIC that is low cost and low power 906
  • microcontroller and memory for communication and computation 908 a mobile or remote device 910 that works with the wearable device via wirelessly technology
  • a biocompatible adhesive 912 e.g. polyimide and polyethylene terephthalate PET

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un capteur pour la détection de CO2 dans un gaz. Le capteur comprend une couche comprenant une matrice et un liquide ionique incorporé dans celle-ci, le liquide ionique formant un complexe intermédiaire de CO2 lorsqu'il est exposé à du CO2 et le complexe intermédiaire de CO2 se dissociant en ions chargés positivement et négativement lors de l'application d'un stimulant pour produire une réponse qui indique la présence ou l'absence de CO2.
PCT/EP2017/055906 2017-03-14 2017-03-14 Capteur de co2 à base d'un composite à membrane polymère ionique Ceased WO2018166580A1 (fr)

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WO2018234185A1 (fr) * 2017-06-22 2018-12-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Capteur de gaz électrochimique
RU2809831C1 (ru) * 2023-06-29 2023-12-19 федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Уфимский университет науки и технологий" Тонкопленочный органический датчик монооксида углерода

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018234185A1 (fr) * 2017-06-22 2018-12-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Capteur de gaz électrochimique
RU2809831C1 (ru) * 2023-06-29 2023-12-19 федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Уфимский университет науки и технологий" Тонкопленочный органический датчик монооксида углерода

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