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WO2018161651A1 - 一种低氧化率高结合率混合铜矿的选矿方法 - Google Patents

一种低氧化率高结合率混合铜矿的选矿方法 Download PDF

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WO2018161651A1
WO2018161651A1 PCT/CN2017/114275 CN2017114275W WO2018161651A1 WO 2018161651 A1 WO2018161651 A1 WO 2018161651A1 CN 2017114275 W CN2017114275 W CN 2017114275W WO 2018161651 A1 WO2018161651 A1 WO 2018161651A1
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Prior art keywords
copper
ore
concentrate
sulfide
mixed
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French (fr)
Inventor
文书明
谢捷敏
陈建文
刘绍文
罗溪梅
张英
刘建
沈海英
白旭
聂文林
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Dexing Copper Mine Jiangxi Copper Co Ltd
Kunming University of Science and Technology
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Dexing Copper Mine Jiangxi Copper Co Ltd
Kunming University of Science and Technology
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Priority to AU2017402487A priority Critical patent/AU2017402487B2/en
Publication of WO2018161651A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018161651A1/zh
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03BSEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B7/00Combinations of wet processes or apparatus with other processes or apparatus, e.g. for dressing ores or garbage

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  • the invention relates to a beneficiation method for a mixed copper mine with low oxidation rate and high combined rate, belonging to the technical field of mineral processing.
  • Copper resources mainly include two major parts of copper sulfide and copper oxide, copper sulfide ore accounts for 80%, and copper oxide ore accounts for 20%. Due to the large amount of copper sulfide ore and the relatively easy recovery of ore dressing, more than 80% of the copper is currently derived from copper sulfide ore resources. The recovery of copper oxide ore is difficult, and the recovery rate of ore dressing is low. In the current shortage of copper resources, the efficient use of copper oxide resources is imperative, so the ore recovery of copper oxide ore has also made some progress. However, in the copper resources, the surface of the copper sulfide deposit is oxidized, forming a huge amount of oxygen-sulfur mixed copper ore resources. This oxygen-sulfur mixed copper mine, mineral processing and metallurgical recovery have encountered certain difficulties.
  • the selectivity of copper oxide ore is worse than that of copper sulfide.
  • the copper resources are mainly copper sulfide ore.
  • the research on copper oxide ore is relatively rare in recent years. There is a shortage of copper resources in China.
  • the beneficiation of copper oxide ore has also received great attention.
  • For the mixed copper ore it is generally treated as a copper sulfide ore, that is, while recovering the copper sulfide ore in the flotation, considering the recovery of the copper oxide ore, but for the low-oxidation rate and high-combination rate of the oxygen-sulfur mixed copper ore, there is no good The way to deal with it.
  • the main methods of flotation of copper oxide ore are vulcanization flotation method and direct flotation method.
  • the former is widely used.
  • ammonium sulfate, D 2 and other enhanced sulfurization reactions are added, and certain effects are obtained.
  • Ammonium sulfate is used as a vulcanization accelerator in industrial production.
  • Direct flotation is suitable for some copper oxide ore of simple gangue minerals. For example, when the gangue mineral is mainly quartz, the direct flotation of hydroxamic acid and fatty acid can obtain good technical indicators.
  • Heap leaching is an effective method for treating copper oxide ore. It is widely used in Yunnan, Jiangxi, Anhui and other provinces in Africa, America and China. However, for the oxygen-sulfur mixed copper ore, sulfuric acid is difficult to leach the primary copper sulfide therein, and the total leaching rate is low. This method is not suitable for the treatment of low-oxidation oxygen-sulfur mixed copper ore.
  • a vulcanization-oxidation mixed copper ore flotation method of application number 200610136735.2 is to use a mixture of xanthate and hydroxamic acid to float copper sulfide ore and copper oxide ore to obtain a high recovery rate. However, this method cannot be recycled for the combined copper ore in the ore.
  • the wet leaching method of the low-grade high-alkaline mixed copper ore, nickel ore and zinc ore with the application number of 200510031356.2 firstly crushing the ore and then using the ammonium salt concentration of 0.5-5 mol/L and the ammonia concentration of 0.1-0.5 mol/
  • the ammonium salt of L and the ammonia hydrate are combined with a leaching agent for leaching.
  • This method also fails to treat ores containing bound copper and native copper sulfide.
  • the method combines smelting and smelting, complements each other's advantages, and efficiently recycles the high-combination carbonate gangue-type oxygen-sulfur mixed copper ore resources that cannot be processed at present.
  • the copper remaining in the tailings mainly exists in the form of chrysocolla, combined copper, etc., and the grade is already low.
  • the tailings sulfuric acid leaching, solid-liquid separation, and extraction of electrowinning are used to recover copper. Due to the complicated process, high investment and operation costs, there is no economic benefit.
  • flotation can obtain better technical indicators, and flotation technology is better applied.
  • simple oxygen-sulfur mixed copper ore the use of copper sulfide ore-based flotation to simultaneously recover copper sulfide and copper oxide minerals can also achieve better results.
  • low calcium and magnesium content a single copper oxide ore, sulfuric acid heap leaching can achieve good results.
  • high calcium magnesium oxysulfide mixed copper ore the normal temperature and atmospheric pressure ammonia leaching-slag flotation technology of the ore is applied.
  • a higher technology has been achieved. The level has advanced the progress of the copper oxide ore smelting technology.
  • the combination of mineral processing and metallurgy is the basic principle of dealing with this oxygen-sulfur mixed copper ore.
  • the current post-election post-mineralization or post-metallurgical post-election can not simultaneously solve the problem of recycling of low-oxidation rate and high-binding oxygen-sulfur mixed copper ore, resulting in oxygen-sulfur mixed copper ore, especially low oxidation rate, The problem of high-combination rate oxygen-sulfur mixed copper ore resource selection and smelting has not been broken.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a beneficiation method for a low-oxidation rate and high-combination rate mixed copper ore with low oxidation rate and high binding rate oxygen-sulfur mixed copper ore, thereby realizing efficient utilization of the refractory copper ore resource.
  • the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a beneficiation method of a mixed copper mine with low oxidation rate and high binding rate, which is carried out according to the following steps:
  • step (3) (4) Introducing the slurry of No. 3 mixing drum in step (3) into the No. 4 mixing drum, and adding 200g to 300g of xanthate collector to float copper sulfide to obtain copper concentrate per ton of dry tailings.
  • the copper sulfide concentrate is mixed with the oxygen-sulfur mixed copper concentrate of step (1), and after desulfurization in the roasting desulfurization furnace, the final copper oxide concentrate is obtained. Flotation tailings are the final tailings.
  • the No. 1 mixing drum has an aspect ratio of 3 to 4.
  • Other mixing tanks are flotation plants and dip-factory universal mixing drums.
  • the xanthate collectors are butyl xanthate and isoamyl xanthate.
  • the foaming agent is pine oil and No. 2 oil.
  • the first step of the oxygen-sulfur mixed copper concentrate in the wet smelting plant is roasting and desulfurization.
  • the first step of the wet smelting plant is moved to the concentrator, and the low-concentration sulfur dioxide flue gas is used for the copper oxide in the tailings. Combined with the leaching of copper, the cost of flue gas desulfurization is saved.
  • Figure 1 is a flow chart of the principles of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • Raw materials mixed copper ore containing 1.2% copper, 30% oxidation rate, 20% binding rate and less than 4% calcium oxide and magnesium content.
  • step (3) (4) Introduce the slurry of No. 3 mixing drum in step (3) into No. 4 mixing drum, and add 300g of xanthate collector to float copper sulfide to form copper concentrate, which is obtained by adding 300g of xanthate collector per ton of dry tailings.
  • the concentrate is mixed with the oxygen-sulfur mixed copper concentrate of step (1), and after desulfurization into the roasting desulfurization furnace, the final copper oxide concentrate is obtained, and the flotation tailings is the final tailings.
  • the copper concentrate has a copper content of 24% and a copper recovery of 92%.
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • Raw materials mixed copper ore containing 0.8% copper, 26% oxidation rate, 18% binding rate and less than 4% calcium oxide and magnesium content.
  • step (3) Introducing the slurry of the mixing drum No. 3 in step (3) into the mixing drum No. 4, and adding 250 g of butyl xanthate collector to float copper sulfide per ton of dry tailings to obtain copper concentrate.
  • the copper sulfide concentrate is mixed with the oxygen-sulfur mixed copper concentrate in step (1), and after desulfurization in the roasting desulfurization furnace, the final copper oxide concentrate is obtained, and the flotation tailings is the final tailings.
  • the copper concentrate has a copper content of 22% and a copper recovery of 88%.
  • Embodiment 3 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 3
  • the roasting flue gas contains sulfur dioxide gas
  • the smoke produced by the industrial ozone machine is introduced into the flue gas.
  • the gas is equal to the equimolar ozone of sulfur dioxide, and the flue gas is introduced into the mixing barrel of the tailings slurry formed in the step (1).
  • the height-to-diameter ratio of the mixing drum No. 1 is 3, and manganese dioxide is added per ton of the dry tailings. 200g, control the pH value of the slurry by 2 ⁇ 3, and carry out a stirring reaction for 40 minutes.
  • the slurry discharged from the mixing drum No. 1 enters the mixing drum No. 2, and the second reaction is carried out for 20 minutes.
  • the pH value of the reaction end point is controlled.
  • the flue gas discharged from the mixing drum No. 1 is neutralized by lime and discharged.
  • the copper concentrate has a copper content of 18% and a copper recovery of 84%.

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Abstract

一种低氧化率高结合率混合铜的选矿方法,针对氧化率较低,结合率高的氧硫混合铜矿,该方法先通过浮选回收其中的硫化铜矿物和游离氧化铜矿物,浮选精矿焙烧脱硫获得氧化铜精矿,同时焙烧烟气用于浸出浮选尾矿中的难选氧化铜和结合铜,再用硫化钠沉淀尾矿浸出矿浆中的铜离子获得硫化铜沉淀,添加黄药浮选沉淀硫化铜获得硫化铜精矿,硫化铜精矿与氧硫混合铜精矿混合后焙烧脱硫,获得最终氧化铜精矿。该方法通过精矿中自身的硫生成的二氧化硫浸出低品位尾矿,回收了浮选尾矿中难以回收的难选游离氧化铜和结合铜,成本低,显著提高了铜的综合回收率。

Description

一种低氧化率高结合率混合铜矿的选矿方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种低氧化率高结合率混合铜矿的选矿方法,属于选矿技术领域。
背景技术
铜矿资源主要包括硫化铜和氧化铜两大部分,硫化铜矿占有80%的比例,氧化铜矿占到20%的比例。由于硫化铜矿资源量大,选矿回收相对容易,所以目前80%以上的铜来源于硫化铜矿资源。氧化铜选矿回收难度大,选矿回收率低,在铜矿资源短缺的今天,高效利用氧化铜资源势在必行,所以氧化铜矿的选矿回收也取得了一定的进展。但是铜矿资源中,硫化铜矿床的表面氧化,形成了数量巨大的氧硫混合铜矿资源。这种氧硫混合铜矿,选矿和冶金回收都遇到了一定的困难。
氧化铜矿的可选性比硫化铜差,铜资源以硫化铜矿为主,对氧化铜矿的研究近年来比较少。中国铜矿资源短缺,在进行硫化铜选矿回收的同时,氧化铜矿的选矿也得到了高度重视。对于混合铜矿,一般当成硫化铜矿来处理,即在浮选回收硫化铜矿的同时,考虑氧化铜矿的回收,但对于低氧化率、高结合率的氧硫混合铜矿,至今没有好的办法处理。
氧化铜矿的浮选,主要方法有硫化浮选法、直接浮选法两种,前者得到广泛使用,在硫化的过程中,添加硫酸铵、D2等强化硫化反应,取得了一定的效果,工业生产上硫酸铵作为硫化促进剂得到应用。直接浮选适合于一些脉石矿物简单的氧化铜矿石,如脉石矿物主要为石英时,羟肟酸和脂肪酸直接浮选能获得好的技术指标。
高钙镁氧硫混合铜矿的处理,原矿常温常压氨浸—渣浮选技术获得了较好的效果,即对于其中的氧化铜矿,采用原矿直接氨浸回收,对于其中的硫化铜矿,氨浸后的浸出渣再用浮选方法回收。氨浸适应氧化铜矿,浮选适应硫化铜矿,该工艺在云南东川得到过应用。但对于低品位、高结合率的氧硫混合铜矿,由于氨浸对结合铜不能浸出,故这种方法难以获得好的技术指标。
堆浸是处理氧化铜矿的有效方法,在非洲、美洲和中国的云南、江西、安徽等省得到广泛应用。但对于氧硫混合铜矿,硫酸难以浸出其中的原生硫化铜,总的浸出率低,这种方法不适用于低氧化率氧硫混合铜矿的处理。
申请号为94111476.7的一种处理混合铜矿和氧化铜矿以提取铜矿的方法,是将矿石破碎后,加入碳酸铵、硫酸铵和氯化铵,在氨水中浸出,铜进入溶液,用沉淀剂将铜沉淀出来,从而回收铜资源。由于氨浸不能溶出结合铜中的铜和原生硫化铜中的铜,所以该方法不能处理含结合铜和原生硫化铜的矿石。
申请号为200610136735.2的一种硫化-氧化混合铜矿浮选方法,是采用黄药和羟肟酸混合浮选硫化铜矿和氧化铜矿,获得较高的回收率。但对于矿石中的结合铜矿,该方法不能回收。
申请号为200510031356.2的低品位高碱性混合铜矿、镍矿和锌矿的湿法浸出方法,先将矿石破碎后再用铵盐浓度为0.5~5mol/L,氨浓度为0.1~0.5mol/L的铵盐和氨水配制的配合浸出剂浸出。该方法也不能处理含结合铜和原生硫化铜的矿石。
申请号为201010178875.2的一种高结合率碳酸盐脉石型氧硫混合铜矿的选冶方法,针对结合率高、钙镁碳酸盐脉石矿物含量高的氧硫混合铜矿,先通过浮选回收其中的硫化铜矿物和游离氧化铜矿物,浮选尾矿用脂肪酸反浮选其中的钙镁碳酸盐矿物,得到含钙镁碳酸盐矿物低,含结合铜的中矿,再添加硫酸搅拌浸出结合铜,固液分离后的含铜溶液通过冶金方法获得铜产品。该方法选冶结合,优势互补,高效回收利用目前无法处理的高结合率碳酸盐脉石型氧硫混合铜矿资源。但对于低氧化率、高结合率的混合铜矿,在硫化铜和游离氧化铜浮选后,存留于尾矿中的铜主要以硅孔雀石、结合铜等形式存在,且品位已经很低,再采用尾矿硫酸浸出,固液分离,萃取电积的方法回收铜,因过程复杂,投资和操作成本高,已无经济效益。
所以,对于单一的氧化铜矿,浮选可以获得较好的技术指标,浮选技术得到较好的应用。对于简单的氧硫混合铜矿,采用以硫化铜矿为主的浮选同时回收硫化铜和氧化铜矿物,也能获得较理想的效果。对于钙镁含量低,单一的氧化铜矿,硫酸堆浸能够获得良好的效果。对于结合率低,高钙镁氧硫混合铜矿,原矿常温常压氨浸—渣浮选技术得到应用。对于这些铜矿的回收利用,达到了较高的技术 水平,推进了氧化铜矿选冶技术的进步。对于低氧化率、高结合率氧硫混合铜矿,选矿与冶金相结合,发挥各自的优势,是处理这种氧硫混合铜矿的基本原则。但是,目前所采用的先选矿后冶金或者先冶金后选矿,均不能同时解决低氧化率、高结合率氧硫混合铜矿的回收利用问题,致使氧硫混合铜矿,特别是低氧化率、高结合率氧硫混合铜矿资源选冶问题一直没有得到突破。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对这种低氧化率高结合率氧硫混合铜矿,提供一种低氧化率高结合率混合铜矿的选矿方法,实现该难处理铜矿资源的高效利用。
本发明通过以下技术方案来实现:一种低氧化率高结合率混合铜矿的选矿方法,按以下步骤进行:
(1)将含铜0.5%~1.2%,氧化率20%~30%,结合率15%~20%,氧化钙镁含量小于4%的混合铜矿,磨矿至其中硫化铜矿物和游离氧化铜矿物80%单体解离,按每吨混合铜矿添加300g~500g硫化钠硫化其中的游离氧化铜矿物,添加300g~500g黄药类作为硫化铜矿物和硫化后的游离氧化铜矿物的捕收剂,并按每吨混合铜矿添加起泡剂30g~40g控制浮选泡沫,浮选获得氧硫混合铜精矿,留下含部分难浮选的游离氧化铜和结合铜的尾矿;
(2)将步骤(1)获得的氧硫混合铜精矿焙烧脱硫,获得氧化铜精矿为最终铜精矿;焙烧烟气含二氧化硫气体,在烟气中引入由工业臭氧机生产的与烟气中二氧化硫等摩尔的臭氧,将烟气引入步骤(1)形成的尾矿矿浆1号搅拌桶中,同时按每吨干基尾矿添加二氧化锰200g~400g,通过烟气通入量控制矿浆pH值2~3,进行一段搅拌反应40分钟~60分钟,从1号搅拌桶排出的矿浆进入2号搅拌桶,进行第二段反应20分钟~30分钟,反应终点pH值控制在5~6;从1号搅拌桶排出的烟气经石灰中和后达标排放;
(3)将步骤(2)中2号搅拌桶的矿浆引入3号搅拌桶,添加硫化钠沉淀其中的铜离子形成硫化铜沉淀,控制硫化钠的加入量,使矿浆溶液中的铜离子浓度小于0.001g/L;
(4)将步骤(3)中3号搅拌桶的矿浆引入4号搅拌桶,按每吨干基尾矿添加200g~300g黄药类捕收剂浮选沉淀硫化铜,获得铜精矿,该硫化铜精矿与步骤(1)的氧硫混合铜精矿混合,进入焙烧脱硫炉脱硫后,获得最终氧化铜精矿, 浮选尾矿为最终尾矿。
所述的1号搅拌桶的高径比为3~4。其他搅拌桶为浮选厂和浸出厂通用搅拌桶。
所述的黄药类捕收剂为丁基黄药和异戊基黄药。
所述的起泡剂为松醇油和2号油。
本发明具有以下优点和积极效果:
(1)对于易浮选的硫化铜矿物,采用成本低的浮选方法预先回收,获得冶金上合格的铜精矿产品,避免被后来加入的二氧化硫抑制而成为尾矿损失。
(2)氧硫混合铜精矿在湿法冶炼厂的第一步就是焙烧脱硫,将湿法冶炼厂的第一步移到选矿厂进行,低浓度二氧化硫烟气用于尾矿中氧化铜和结合铜的浸出,节省了烟气脱硫的费用。
(3)利用精矿焙烧的烟气浸出尾矿中的氧化铜和结合铜,节省了硫酸,降低了尾矿浸出的成本。
(4)低氧化率高结合率混合铜矿经过浮选后的尾矿,含铜品位已经很低,单独采用冶金的方法回收,成本高,没有经济效益,目前这部分铜都损失于尾矿中没有回收,所以这种铜矿资源的回收率低,本发明通过自身精矿中的硫生成的二氧化硫浸出低品位尾矿,回收了难以回收的难选氧化铜和结合铜,显著提高了铜的综合回收率。
附图说明
图1为本发明的原则流程图。
具体实施方式
本领域技术人员将会理解,下列实施例仅用于说明本发明,而不应视为限定本发明的范围。实施例中未注明具体技术或条件者,按照本领域内的文献所描述的技术或条件或者按照产品说明书进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过购买获得的常规产品。
实施例一:
原料:含铜1.2%,氧化率30%,结合率20%,氧化钙镁含量小于4%的混合铜矿。
(1)磨矿至其中硫化铜矿物和游离氧化铜矿物80%单体解离,按每吨干混 合铜矿添加500g硫化钠硫化其中的游离氧化铜矿物,添加500g丁基黄药作为硫化铜矿物和硫化后的游离氧化铜矿物的捕收剂,添加起泡剂松醇油30g控制浮选泡沫,浮选获得氧硫混合铜精矿,留下含部分难浮选游离氧化铜和结合铜的尾矿。
(2)将氧硫混合铜精矿焙烧脱硫,获得氧化铜精矿为最终铜精矿;焙烧烟气含二氧化硫气体,在烟气中引入由工业臭氧机生产的与烟气中二氧化硫等摩尔的臭氧,将烟气引入含步骤(1)形成的尾矿矿浆的1号搅拌桶中,1号搅拌桶的高径比为4,同时按每吨干基尾矿添加二氧化锰400g,通过烟气通入量控制矿浆pH值2~3,进行一段搅拌反应60分钟,从1号搅拌桶排出的矿浆进入2号搅拌桶,进行第二段反应30分钟,反应终点pH值控制在5~6;从1号搅拌桶排出的烟气经石灰中和后达标排放。
(3)将步骤(2)中2号搅拌桶的矿浆引入3号搅拌桶,添加硫化钠沉淀其中的铜离子形成硫化铜沉淀,控制硫化钠的加入量,使矿浆溶液中的铜离子浓度小于0.001g/L。
(4)将步骤(3)中3号搅拌桶的矿浆引入4号搅拌桶,按每吨干基尾矿添加300g黄药类捕收剂浮选沉淀硫化铜,获得铜精矿,该硫化铜精矿与步骤(1)的氧硫混合铜精矿混合,进入焙烧脱硫炉脱硫后,获得最终氧化铜精矿,浮选尾矿为最终尾矿。
铜精矿的含铜品位24%,铜的回收率92%。
实施例二:
原料:含铜0.8%,氧化率26%,结合率18%,氧化钙镁含量小于4%的混合铜矿。
(1)磨矿至其中硫化铜矿物和游离氧化铜矿物80%单体解离,按每吨混合铜矿添加400g硫化钠硫化其中的游离氧化铜矿物,添加400g异戊基黄药作为硫化铜矿物和硫化后的游离氧化铜矿物的捕收剂,添加起泡剂2号油40g控制浮选泡沫,浮选获得氧硫混合铜精矿,留下含部分难浮选游离氧化铜和结合铜的尾矿。
(2)将步骤(1)获得的氧硫混合铜精矿焙烧脱硫,获得氧化铜精矿为最终铜精矿;焙烧烟气含二氧化硫气体,在烟气中引入由工业臭氧机生产的与烟气中二氧化硫等摩尔的臭氧,将烟气引入步骤(1)形成的尾矿矿浆1号搅拌桶中,1号搅拌桶的高径比为3.5,同时按每吨干基尾矿添加二氧化锰300g,通过烟气通 入量控制矿浆pH值2~3,进行一段搅拌反应50分钟,从1号搅拌桶排出的矿浆进入2号搅拌桶,进行第二段反应25分钟,反应终点pH值控制在5~6;从1号搅拌桶排出的烟气经石灰中和后达标排放。
(3)将步骤(2)中2号搅拌桶的矿浆引入3号搅拌桶,添加硫化钠沉淀其中的铜离子形成硫化铜沉淀,控制硫化钠的加入量,使矿浆溶液中的铜离子浓度小于0.001g/L。
(4)将步骤(3)中3号搅拌桶的矿浆引入4号搅拌桶,按每吨干基尾矿添加250g的丁基黄药捕收剂浮选沉淀硫化铜,获得铜精矿,该硫化铜精矿与步骤(1)的氧硫混合铜精矿混合,进入焙烧脱硫炉脱硫后,获得最终氧化铜精矿,浮选尾矿为最终尾矿。
铜精矿的含铜品位22%,铜的回收率88%。
实施例三:
含铜0.5%,氧化率20%,结合率15%,氧化钙镁含量小于4%的混合铜矿。
(1)磨矿至其中硫化铜矿物和游离氧化铜矿物80%单体解离,按每吨混合铜矿添加300g硫化钠硫化其中的游离氧化铜矿物,添加300g丁基黄药作为硫化铜矿物和硫化后的游离氧化铜矿物的捕收剂,添加起泡剂松醇油40g控制浮选泡沫,浮选获得氧硫混合铜精矿,留下含部分难浮选游离氧化铜和结合铜的尾矿。
(2)将步骤(1)获得的氧硫混合铜精矿焙烧脱硫,获得氧化铜精矿为最终铜精矿;焙烧烟气含二氧化硫气体,在烟气中引入由工业臭氧机生产的与烟气中二氧化硫等摩尔的臭氧,将烟气引入步骤(1)形成的尾矿矿浆1号搅拌桶中,1号搅拌桶的高径比为3,同时按每吨干基尾矿添加二氧化锰200g,通过烟气通入量控制矿浆pH值2~3,进行一段搅拌反应40分钟,从1号搅拌桶排出的矿浆进入2号搅拌桶,进行第二段反应20分钟,反应终点pH值控制在5~6;从1号搅拌桶排出的烟气经石灰中和后达标排放。
(3)将步骤(2)中2号搅拌桶的矿浆引入3号搅拌桶,添加硫化钠沉淀其中的铜离子形成硫化铜沉淀,控制硫化钠的加入量,使矿浆溶液中的铜离子浓度小于0.001g/L。
(4)将步骤(3)中3号搅拌桶的矿浆引入4号搅拌桶,按每吨干基尾矿添加200g丁基黄药捕收剂浮选沉淀硫化铜,获得铜精矿,该硫化铜精矿与步骤(1) 的氧硫混合铜精矿混合,进入焙烧脱硫炉脱硫后,获得最终氧化铜精矿,浮选尾矿为最终尾矿。
铜精矿的含铜品位18%,铜的回收率84%。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (4)

  1. 一种低氧化率高结合率混合铜的选矿方法,其特征在于按以下步骤进行:
    (1)将含铜0.5%~1.2%,氧化率20%~30%,结合率15%~20%,氧化钙镁含量小于4%的混合铜矿,磨矿至其中硫化铜矿物和游离氧化铜矿物80%单体解离,按每吨混合铜矿添加300g~500g硫化钠硫化其中的游离氧化铜矿物,添加300g~500g黄药类作为硫化铜矿物和硫化后的游离氧化铜矿物的捕收剂,并按每吨混合铜矿添加起泡剂30g~40g控制浮选泡沫,浮选获得氧硫混合铜精矿,留下含部分难浮选的游离氧化铜和结合铜的尾矿;
    (2)将步骤(1)获得的氧硫混合铜精矿焙烧脱硫,获得氧化铜精矿为最终铜精矿;焙烧烟气含二氧化硫气体,在烟气中引入由工业臭氧机生产的与烟气中二氧化硫等摩尔的臭氧,将烟气引入步骤(1)形成的尾矿矿浆1号搅拌桶中,同时按每吨干基尾矿添加二氧化锰200g~400g,通过烟气通入量控制矿浆pH值2~3,进行一段搅拌反应40分钟~60分钟,从1号搅拌桶排出的矿浆进入2号搅拌桶,进行第二段反应20分钟~30分钟,反应终点pH值控制在5~6;从1号搅拌桶排出的烟气经石灰中和后达标排放;
    (3)将步骤(2)中2号搅拌桶的矿浆引入3号搅拌桶,添加硫化钠沉淀其中的铜离子形成硫化铜沉淀,控制硫化钠的加入量,使矿浆溶液中的铜离子浓度小于0.001g/L;
    (4)将步骤(3)中3号搅拌桶的矿浆引入4号搅拌桶,按每吨干基尾矿添加200g~300g黄药类捕收剂浮选沉淀硫化铜,获得铜精矿,该硫化铜精矿与步骤(1)的氧硫混合铜精矿混合,进入焙烧脱硫炉脱硫后,获得最终氧化铜精矿,浮选尾矿为最终尾矿。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的低氧化率高结合率混合铜的选矿方法,其特征在于,所述的1号搅拌桶的高径比为3~4。。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的低氧化率高结合率混合铜的选矿方法,其特征在于,所述的黄药类捕收剂为丁基黄药和异戊基黄药。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的低氧化率高结合率混合铜的选矿方法,其特征在于,所述的起泡剂为松醇油和2号油。
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