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WO2018157230A1 - Pixel directionnel pour afficheur à vues multiples - Google Patents

Pixel directionnel pour afficheur à vues multiples Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018157230A1
WO2018157230A1 PCT/CA2017/050531 CA2017050531W WO2018157230A1 WO 2018157230 A1 WO2018157230 A1 WO 2018157230A1 CA 2017050531 W CA2017050531 W CA 2017050531W WO 2018157230 A1 WO2018157230 A1 WO 2018157230A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
directional
pixel
light
subpixels
light beam
Prior art date
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/CA2017/050531
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English (en)
Inventor
Matthew Hamilton
Jennifer CAMPBELL-CORREA
Stephen Hill
Jordan PECKHAM
Chuck Rumbolt
Wally Haas
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to KR1020197027011A priority Critical patent/KR102098549B1/ko
Priority to JP2019547993A priority patent/JP6734519B2/ja
Priority to CN201780087871.3A priority patent/CN110678916B/zh
Priority to CA3053937A priority patent/CA3053937C/fr
Publication of WO2018157230A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018157230A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/349—Multi-view displays for displaying three or more geometrical viewpoints without viewer tracking
    • H04N13/351—Multi-view displays for displaying three or more geometrical viewpoints without viewer tracking for displaying simultaneously
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/33—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving directional light or back-light sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/302—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays
    • H04N13/32—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using arrays of controllable light sources; using moving apertures or moving light sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/363—Image reproducers using image projection screens
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/398—Synchronisation thereof; Control thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
    • H10K50/852—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising a resonant cavity structure, e.g. Bragg reflector pair
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/131—Interconnections, e.g. wiring lines or terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/35—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/80—Constructional details
    • H10K59/875—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
    • H10K59/876—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising a resonant cavity structure, e.g. Bragg reflector pair
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
    • G02B2005/1804—Transmission gratings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/324—Colour aspects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/0008—Connection or combination of a still picture apparatus with another apparatus
    • H04N2201/001—Sharing resources, e.g. processing power or memory, with a connected apparatus or enhancing the capability of the still picture apparatus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2213/00—Details of stereoscopic systems
    • H04N2213/001—Constructional or mechanical details

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a directional pixel design for the creation of a high angular resolution, wide field of view, multiple view display.
  • United States patent no. 8,928,969 teaches a lens covering a plurality of subpixels, whereby the subpixels cannot be individually addressed.
  • a directional light modulator that is mechanically tilted or angularly articulated to direct light beams to different angles, such as in United States patent no. 9,195,053 is previously known.
  • a directional backlight for controlling and scattering light beams, such as in United States patent no. 9,459,461.
  • United States patent no. 7,829,902 teaches pixels constructed with the circuitry located at the periphery of the light emitting portion of the pixel, thereby limiting the space of light emission surface; the vertical waveguides cannot successfully scale down to collimate smaller-scale, such as nano-scale, pixels.
  • United States patent no. 9,389,415 teaches the use of periodic gratings to direct light beams connected in a medium at a specific angle; while these periodic gratings provide wide angles for traditional pixel sizes, they cannot successfully direct light emitted from smaller-scale pixels.
  • the periodic gratings of US patent no. 9,389,415 also limit the display to horizontal parallax.
  • United States patent no. 9,372,349 describes a light-field display deploying a collimated backlight. There remains a need for a light-field display with reduced spectral bandwidth of each subpixel to allow for accurate beam steering, in particular for small scale pixel sizes.
  • Pixels previously known in the art generally control output colour and intensity while broadcasting the light in all directions. It is an object of the present disclosure to provide a directional pixel that controls the light beam's colour, intensity, and direction.
  • Instances of directional pixels previously known in the art provide a limited number of distinct light emission directions, creating displays with limited angular resolution and limited depth of field. It is an object of the present disclosure to provide an increased number of distinct light emission directions, creating high angular resolution displays with improved depth of field.
  • the reduced pixel size allows the system to output a greater number of light beams in a greater number of distinct directions; this improves upon pixels previously known in the art by allowing the generation of higher angular resolution displays with improved effective resolution of multi-dimensional objects.
  • the increased number of light-field display views allows a viewer located at any viewing position to simultaneously receive multiple views; this is known as a super multi-view (SMV) display.
  • SMV super multi-view
  • An SMV display providing improved angular resolution, eliminates the accommodation-convergence conflict and produces displays with a higher quality depth of field.
  • a directional pixel comprising a substrate, one or more pixel driving circuits, one or more nano- or micro-scale subpixels, and one or more directional optical guiding surfaces, wherein each of said subpixels is comprised of: a light emitting device emitting a light beam and an optical microcavity housing said light emitting device, said optical microcavity comprised of a plurality of reflective surfaces to substantially collimate, manipulate, or tune said light beam, wherein one or more of said reflective surfaces is a light propagating reflective surface which propagates said light beam out of said microcavity, and said light propagating reflective surface is connected to said directional optical guiding surface to direct said light beam at a specific angle.
  • a method for creating a high-angular resolution, multiple-view light-field display comprising the step of deploying a plurality of directional pixels into a directional pixel array system, one or more of said directional pixels comprising: a substrate; one or more pixel driving circuits; one or more nano- or micro-scale subpixels; and one or more directional optical guiding surfaces; wherein each of said subpixels is comprised of a light emitting device emitting a light beam and an optical microcavity housing said light emitting device, said optical microcavity comprised of a plurality of reflective surfaces to substantially collimate, manipulate, or tune said light beam, and one or more of said reflective surfaces is a light propagating reflective surface which propagates said light beam out of said microcavity, whereby said light propagating reflective surface is connected to said directional optical guiding surface to direct said light beam at a specific angle.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a 2T1C pixel driver circuit.
  • Figure 2 provides a schematic top-down view of a pixel configuration, as commonly known in the art.
  • Figure 3A provides a schematic top-down view of the subpixel configuration of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 3B provides a schematic side view of the subpixel configuration of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 4 illustrates the basic subpixel layers of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 5 illustrates a directional pixel configuration of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 6 illustrates an alternate directional pixel configuration of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 7 illustrates an alternate directional pixel configuration of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 8A illustrates the directional optical guiding surface of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 8B illustrates the directional optical guiding surface of the present disclosure as a lens or lens-like surface.
  • Figure 8C illustrates the directional optical guiding surface of the present disclosure as a metasurface etched with gratings.
  • the terms “comprising,” “having,” “including” and “containing,” and grammatical variations thereof, are inclusive or open-ended and do not exclude additional, unrecited elements and/or method steps.
  • the term “consisting essentially of when used herein in connection with a composition, device, article, system, use or method, denotes that additional elements and/or method steps may be present, but that these additions do not materially affect the manner in which the recited composition, device, article, system, method or use functions.
  • the term “consisting of when used herein in connection with a composition, device, article, system, use or method excludes the presence of additional elements and/or method steps.
  • compositions, device, article, system, use or method described herein as comprising certain elements and/or steps may also, in certain embodiments consist essentially of those elements and/or steps, and in other embodiments consist of those elements and/or steps, whether or not these embodiments are specifically referred to.
  • the term "about” refers to an approximately +/-10% variation from a given value. It is to be understood that such a variation is always included in any given value provided herein, whether or not it is specifically referred to.
  • connection refers to any direct or indirect physical association between elements or features of the directional pixel or subpixel of the present disclosure. Accordingly, these terms may be understood to denote elements or features that are partly or completely contained within one another, attached, coupled, disposed on, joined together, etc., even if there are other elements or features intervening between the elements or features described as being connected.
  • pixel refers to a light source and light emission mechanism used to create a display.
  • the present disclosure provides individually addressable red, green, and blue (RGB) subpixels.
  • the subpixel size is reduced to a range from the nanoscale to several microns, significantly smaller than the pixel size previously known in the art.
  • a subpixel is comprised of a light emitting device housed within an optical microcavity.
  • the optical microcavity is comprised of a plurality of reflective surfaces to substantially collimate, manipulate or tune the light. At least one of the reflective surfaces is a light propagating reflective surface connected to the optical microcavity to propagate the light out of the microcavity.
  • a pixel as previously known in the art broadcasts light in all directions.
  • the present disclosure provides an improved pixel, the directional pixel, which directs a light beam to a single direction, or at a single angle.
  • Each directional pixel is assigned a specific direction, or x and y coordinates; the field of view can be up to 180 degrees for both x and y coordinates.
  • Each directional pixel is comprised of one or more pixel driver circuits, one or more subpixels, and one or more directional optical guiding surfaces.
  • the subpixels are RGB subpixels, which can include red, green, or blue subpixels.
  • the directional pixel array sends an array of directional light beams to different viewing angles. For example, in a 512 x 512 directional pixel array, as each directional pixel directs light at differing angles, each directional pixel array produces a light-field display with 512 x 512 samples of the viewing angle function and an infinite number of different viewing angles.
  • a first viewer located at a first angle can view a first directional pixel directed towards the first viewer
  • a second viewer at a second angle can view a second directional pixel directed towards the second viewer. While both viewers appear to be gazing at the same point in space, they actually view different images, which may vary in brightness, intensity, or colour.
  • a plurality of directional pixels are used in a display they operatively form a full three-dimensional light-field display with full motion parallax.
  • the pixel driver circuit controls the subpixel and drives different voltages to the light emitting devices to achieve different colours and intensities.
  • an array of pixel driver circuits operatively connected to each subpixel sits behind each subpixel in the array; likewise in an array of directional pixels, the pixel driver circuits connected to the subpixels sit behind each subpixel in the directional pixel array.
  • the pixel driver circuit is a sample and hold circuit.
  • Each directional pixel in an array is updated sequentially, as each circuit in the array of pixel driver circuits drives the data to its associated subpixel, and samples and holds the data; each subpixel holds its value until new data is available to update it.
  • the microcavity cathode (bottom reflective surface) is comprised of a conducting material.
  • the thickness of the cathode is set to increase reflectivity and reduce unwanted phase changes.
  • the microcavity light propagating reflective surface (upper reflective surface) has dielectric layers comprised of titanium dioxide and silicon dioxide.
  • the light propagating reflective surface is highly reflective, allowing only a small portion of the light to escape, and the light propagating reflective surface advantageously has no absorption due to its dielectric composition.
  • the reflectance of the light propagating reflective surface can be tuned by increasing the number of dielectric pairs.
  • Each of the dielectric layers has an optical path length of ⁇ /4 .
  • the optical path length of the dielectric layers differs from the thickness of the dielectric layers because the path length accounts for the distance the light travels within the optical cavity. Because the optical path of the dielectric layers is a mode of the predetermined wavelength, the light propagating reflective surface is a highly reflective mirror for both the specified wavelength and a range of wavelengths surrounding the center wavelength. When the light emitting device emits light, the light beams reflect between the two mirrors.
  • the light rays perpendicular to the mirrors are emitted from the light propagating reflective surface, thereby creating substantially collimated, manipulated, or tuned light with a reduced spectral bandwidth.
  • each directional pixel emits light in a single direction; the pixels do not broadcast light in all directions as generally known in the art.
  • each of the light beams propagate through one or more directional optical guiding surfaces; the directional optical guiding surface directs the light in a single direction.
  • the directional optical guiding surface can be any type of dielectric surface, such as a lens, lens-like surface, or a metasurface with periodic or non-periodic gratings.
  • Multiple viewers can observe the same three-dimensional display screen and be presented with differing light beams, directed by the directional optical guiding surface. For example, where a first viewer located at a first angle can view a first directional pixel directed towards the first viewer, a second viewer at a second angle can view a second directional pixel directed towards the second viewer.
  • the directional optical guiding surface guides the light beams emitted from each of the RGB subpixels in a first directional pixel in the same direction as the RGB subpixels in a second directional pixel, and so forth.
  • the directional optical guiding surface can be, but is not limited to, one or more lenses, one or more lens-like surfaces, or one or more metasurfaces.
  • the directional optical guiding surface can be, but does not have to be, etched with periodic or non-periodic gratings or structures.
  • the directional optical guiding surface can be a single surface or a plurality of surfaces operatively connected together.
  • the invention is comprised of a pixel driver circuit comprised of a thin film transistor (TFT) backplane; an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) as the light emitting device; an optical microcavity comprised of a plurality of reflective surfaces housing said OLED; and a directional optical guiding surface.
  • TFT thin film transistor
  • OLED organic light-emitting diode
  • the pixel driver circuit provides power to the OLED, the microcavity significantly reduces the output angle of the light emitted from the OLED, creating substantially collimated, manipulated, or tuned light, and the directional optical guiding surface directs the light beam in a single direction, or at a single angle.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a 2 transistor 1 capacitor (2T1C) pixel driver circuit.
  • a plurality of circuits form an array and the edges of the array have connections coming out in a grid-like connection structure; the data connections are the array columns and the sample connections are the array rows.
  • each individual circuit has a data line (1 ) and a scan line (2).
  • scan line (2) When scan line (2) is active, the data is sampled and the sample signal is sent to a switching transistor (TFT1) (3) at the side edge of the array.
  • TFT1 (3) sends the voltage signal to the data line transistor (TFT2) (4); the TFT2 (4) drives a light-emitting device (in the illustrative embodiments, an OLED (5)).
  • a voltage rail (6) supplies power to TFT2 (4).
  • TFT1 (3) samples each directional pixel, actively sampling and updating the full row.
  • a capacitor (7) holds the data to ensure the OLED (5) state remains constant until the directional pixel is refreshed.
  • each of the plurality of capacitors holds the data for the first row while a second row of the array is active and follows the same procedure.
  • the capacitors hold the data for the second row while a third row of the array is active, and so on. This procedure iterates row by row, returning to the first row of the array when the last row is sampled.
  • the circuit has two ground wires (8, 9).
  • the data line (1) and scan line (2) controlling TFT1 (3) individually connect to the pixel array, allowing each of the subpixels to be individually addressable.
  • each TFT is a staggered bottom gate device with a dielectric and an n-type semiconductor.
  • the TFTs also include metallic source, drain and gate electrodes, and a passivation layer back channel. Fabricating the pixel backplane with TFTs allows the three-dimensional pixel array display to be scaled up to a traditional electronic display size.
  • the nanoscale TFTs are fabricated through electron beam lithography (EBL).
  • the present disclosure teaches micron-sized directional pixels and subpixels ranging from the nanoscale to several microns in size; to fit a 2T1C pixel driver circuit into a
  • the circuit is fabricated with two TFTs layered on top of the capacitor. Two vias connect the two TFTs to the two capacitor electrodes. A third via connects the TFTs to an OLED; the OLED is fabricated on top of the two TFTs. Planarizing layers are located between the capacitor and the two TFTs, and between the two TFTs and the OLED.
  • OLEDs are used as the light emitting devices because they have improved colour accuracy, increased contrast, and lower power requirements in comparison to current LCD display technology. The present disclosure improves upon prior art by reducing the inter-OLED spacing to tens of nanometers.
  • Figure 2 shows a top-down view of a pixel as commonly known in the art, wherein the pixel driver circuitry (13) is located upon the same plane as the light emitting portion (12) of the pixel.
  • the illustrative embodiment improves upon prior art by stacking the pixel driver circuit behind the light emitting portion:
  • Figure 3A shows a top-down view of the present disclosure, where only the light emitting portion (14) is visible;
  • Figure 3B shows a side view of the present disclosure, illustrating the pixel driver circuitry (15) underneath the light emitting portion (14). This structure saves space on the face of the pixel, such that more area is available for light emission, and allows the overall pixel size to be reduced.
  • RGB subpixels ranging from the nanoscale to several microns in size, a significant size reduction compared to the prior art RGB pixel size of 10 ⁇ to 30 ⁇ .
  • nano- or micro-scale circuitry in combination with the optical microcavity, reduce the overall pixel footprint.
  • the optical microcavity consists of a plurality of reflective surfaces housing an OLED.
  • the microcavity is comprised of a bottom reflective surface and a top reflective surface, with a multi-layer OLED located between the two reflective surfaces.
  • the microcavity can be constructed with the cathode doubling as a reflective surface.
  • the top reflective surface is also a light propagating reflective surface.
  • Figure 4 shows the basic layers of the red, green and blue subpixels, wherein each subpixel is comprised of a cathode (16), coloured OLED layers (17A-C), a transparent anode (18), and a filler layer (19), each configured within the optical microcavity.
  • the OLED RGB colours are red (17A), green (17B) and blue (17C).
  • the OLED width, and the distance between the plurality of reflective surfaces, is set at a predetermined length; the OLED optical path length is ⁇ /2 , where ⁇ is a predetermined center emission wavelength.
  • Figure 5 illustrates an illustrative embodiment of the invention.
  • each subpixel is driven by a single, dedicated pixel driver circuit.
  • Figure 5 illustrates three separate pixel driving circuits (20) driving three separate subpixels (23-31 ); in the illustration, like elements are denoted with D, E, and F, and reference to a numerical element of the figure refers to each of the like elements, as they all operate in the same fashion.
  • pixel driver circuits (20 such as TFT backplanes, connect to cathodes (23) through vias (21) in a substrate (22).
  • the cathodes double as one of the optical microcavity reflective surfaces.
  • DBRs distributed Bragg reflectors
  • light propagating reflective surfaces consisting of dielectric layers alternating between low indices of refraction (30) and high indices of refraction (31 ).
  • the length of the optical microcavities is shown as L CAV and the length of the connected DBRs is shown as L DBR .
  • the DBRs emit one or more substantially collimated, manipulated, or tuned light beams, and the light beams propagate through a directional optical guiding surface (32).
  • the directional optical guiding surface directs the light beams at specific spatial wave vectors.
  • each pixel uses a dedicated DBR
  • the DBR is operatively tuned for each output wavelength.
  • Figure 6 illustrates another embodiment of the present disclosure, where one pixel driving circuit drives a plurality of subpixels. Such a configuration can be used for, but is not limited to, a grayscale display.
  • Figure 6 illustrates one pixel driving circuit (40) driving three separate subpixels (43-51); in the illustration, like elements are denoted with D, E, and F, and reference to a numerical element of the figure refers to each of the like elements, as they all operate in the same fashion.
  • the pixel driving circuit (40) connects to cathodes (43) through vias (41 ) in a substrate (42).
  • the cathodes double as one of a plurality of reflective surfaces.
  • DBRs consisting of dielectric layers alternating between low indices of refraction (50) and high indices of refraction (51).
  • the length of the optical microcavities is shown as L CAV and the length of the DBRs is shown as L DBR .
  • the DBRs emit one or more substantially collimated, manipulated, or tuned light beams, and the light beams propagate through a directional optical guiding surface (52).
  • the directional optical guiding surface directs the light beam at a specific spatial wave vector. Where each pixel uses a dedicated DBR, the DBR is operatively tuned for each output wavelength.
  • Figure 7 illustrates another embodiment of the present disclosure, where one pixel driving circuit drives a plurality of subpixels, but the subpixels share one or more optical microcavity light propagating reflective surfaces.
  • a configuration can be used for, but is not limited to, a grayscale display.
  • Figure 7 illustrates one pixel driving circuit (60) driving three separate subpixels (63-69) which share a reflective surface (70-71 ); in the illustration, like elements are denoted with D, E, and F, and reference to a numerical element of the figure refers to each of the like elements, as they all operate in the same fashion.
  • the pixel driving circuit (60) connects to cathodes (63) through vias (61 ) in a substrate (62).
  • the cathodes double as one of a plurality of reflective surfaces.
  • On top of the three separate fill layers (69) is a single, shared, DBR, consisting of dielectric layers alternating between low indices of refraction (70) and high indices of refraction (71).
  • the length of the optical microcavities is shown as L CAV and the length of the DBR is shown as L DBR .
  • the DBR emits one or more substantially collimated, manipulated, or tuned light beams, and the light beams propagate through a directional optical guiding surface (72).
  • the directional optical guiding surface directs the light beam at a specific spatial wave vector.
  • the DBR operates as a broadband structure with a reflectance covering the entire spectral range.
  • Figures 8A through 8C are provided to illustrate the directional optical guiding surface without limiting or departing from the scope and spirit of the invention.
  • a light beam enters the directional optical guiding surface (80), where it is deflected and directed at a specific spatial wave vector with specific x and y coordinates.
  • Figure 8A depicts a generic directional optical guiding surface (80)
  • Figure 8B depicts a lens or lens-like structure (80)
  • Figure 8C depicts a metasurface etched with gratings or structures (80).

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  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
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  • Testing, Inspecting, Measuring Of Stereoscopic Televisions And Televisions (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un pixel directionnel pour un afficheur à vues multiples, à haute résolution angulaire et à champ de vision large. L'invention réalise un pixel directionnel comprenant un substrat, un ou plusieurs circuits d'attaque de pixel, un ou plusieurs sous-pixels d'échelle nanométrique ou micrométrique, et une ou plusieurs surfaces de guidage optique directionnelles, chacun desdits un ou plusieurs sous-pixels étant constitué d'un dispositif électroluminescent qui émet un faisceau lumineux et d'une microcavité optique qui accueille ledit dispositif électroluminescent. La microcavité optique est composée d'une pluralité de surfaces réfléchissantes destinées à manipuler et accorder spécifiquement ledit faisceau lumineux, une ou plusieurs desdites surfaces réfléchissantes étant une surface réfléchissante de propagation de lumière qui propage ledit faisceau lumineux hors de ladite microcavité, et ladite surface réfléchissante de propagation de lumière étant reliée auxdites surfaces de guidage optique directionnelles pour diriger ledit faisceau lumineux selon un angle spécifique. Un afficheur à champ lumineux à vues multiples, à haute résolution angulaire est créé en déployant une pluralité de pixels directionnels dans un système de réseau de pixels directionnels.
PCT/CA2017/050531 2017-03-01 2017-05-02 Pixel directionnel pour afficheur à vues multiples Ceased WO2018157230A1 (fr)

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KR1020197027011A KR102098549B1 (ko) 2017-03-01 2017-05-02 다중 뷰 디스플레이에 대한 지향성 픽셀
JP2019547993A JP6734519B2 (ja) 2017-03-01 2017-05-02 マルチビューディスプレイのための指向性画素
CN201780087871.3A CN110678916B (zh) 2017-03-01 2017-05-02 用于多视图显示的定向像素
CA3053937A CA3053937C (fr) 2017-03-01 2017-05-02 Pixel directionnel pour afficheur a vues multiples

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US15/446,194 2017-03-01
US15/446,194 US10244230B2 (en) 2017-03-01 2017-03-01 Directional pixel for multiple view display

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CA3053937A1 (fr) 2018-09-07
US11451763B2 (en) 2022-09-20
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US10244230B2 (en) 2019-03-26
KR20190119098A (ko) 2019-10-21
US11025895B2 (en) 2021-06-01
US20180255286A1 (en) 2018-09-06
KR102098549B1 (ko) 2020-04-09
US20190215510A1 (en) 2019-07-11
US10536688B2 (en) 2020-01-14
JP2020510872A (ja) 2020-04-09
CN110678916B (zh) 2022-05-13
US20200092535A1 (en) 2020-03-19
CA3053937C (fr) 2021-10-19
CN110678916A (zh) 2020-01-10

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