WO2018156002A1 - Method for estimating a state of alertness and consciousness in relation to a percentage of carboxyhaemoglobin in blood - Google Patents
Method for estimating a state of alertness and consciousness in relation to a percentage of carboxyhaemoglobin in blood Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018156002A1 WO2018156002A1 PCT/MX2017/000018 MX2017000018W WO2018156002A1 WO 2018156002 A1 WO2018156002 A1 WO 2018156002A1 MX 2017000018 W MX2017000018 W MX 2017000018W WO 2018156002 A1 WO2018156002 A1 WO 2018156002A1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
- G08B21/12—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to undesired emission of substances, e.g. pollution alarms
- G08B21/14—Toxic gas alarms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
Definitions
- the present invention has its preponderant field of application in safety practices and protocols in the Mining Industry, specifically where activities are carried out in confined spaces with a risk of poisoning due to the presence of Carbon Monoxide in the environment.
- Carbon monoxide (CO) is an invisible, odorless, colorless, tasteless, flammable and highly toxic gas, which is released when combustible materials are burned incompletely or with little oxygen supply.
- This gas comes from materials such as wood, charcoal, mineral coal, tobacco, natural gas, diesel, kerosene, gasoline, butane and propane. Its characteristics make it very difficult to detect with the senses of the human body, being the first and most frequent warning symptoms that indicate the presence of CO in the air, usually headaches, dizziness, nausea, vomiting and muscle weakness. This gas can even cause the death of a living being when you breathe even in moderate amounts, by poisoning in a few minutes, because it replaces the oxygen in the blood hemoglobin.
- CO binds to hemoglobin in a way up to 250 times more easily than with oxygen itself.
- the compound called COHB or carboxyhemoglobin is produced, which is about 200 times more difficult to separate than the hemoglobin compound with oxygen. It blocks the ability of blood to transport oxygen and results in a serious injury to the lung and brain, even causing death.
- gases especially carbon monoxide, these are generated by the conditions of mineral extraction such as the use of internal combustion machines.
- Tools are required that have the ability not only to detect and Inform the value of CO in real time to the control system, but have algorithms that estimate the conditions of the workers without the need for invasive sensing means, in order to establish specific evacuation procedures if required.
- the present invention solves said problem and aims to estimate a percentage of COHB in the blood; It is based on a non-invasive method that integrates CO measurement sensors and time detection and measurement to which the miners are exposed.
- Patent No. EP0860142 claims an improved method and apparatus for photoplethysmographic monitoring of blood analyte parameters, specifically oxyhemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin, COHB and methemoglobin, utilizes a plurality of light beams that have different spectral contents to illuminate a patient's tissue . It is used in the forward calibration equation to generate estimated values of relative blood analyte concentration.
- Patent No. US6397093 describes an apparatus and method that allows the non-invasive monitoring of the COHB level of a subject, thus allowing the detection of a possible carbon monoxide poisoning.
- Patent No. UA2005012309 refers to medicine, in particular a method for the non-invasive determination of the relative concentration of COHB in arterial blood that is calculated by the formula using certain regression coefficients of selected intervals of logarithmic signal values. luminous that pass through bio-store with variable blood flow and measured Three wavelengths and absorption coefficients of deoxyhemoglobin, oxyhemoglobin and COHB. The following is a brief description of current patents in relation to the subject of gas detection in mining, in order to complement the references of the present invention. Patent No.
- US20150163652 claims a system and method of monitoring of gases in mining, the method of the invention includes the collection of data emitted by the nodes to monitor the percentage of gas in the environment, if the gas passes over a preset threshold a visual alarm is generated and audible.
- patent No. CN 102733855 details a mobile gas monitoring system in an underground coal mine.
- the system comprises a mobile gas detector brought by people to detect the gas concentration, a radio communication base station arranged on the surface to receive information on the gas concentration detected by carrying out a radio communication with the gas detector mobile, a monitoring center server used to receive the information of the detected gas concentration and position information of the mobile gas detector from the radio communication base station to carry out the information management.
- Figure 1 is a diagram of the inputs and outputs of the Method of Estimation of Alert and Awareness Status in relation to the percentage of COHB in Blood, corresponding to the present invention.
- Figure 2 is the representative diagram of the database that uses the State Estimation Method of Alert and Awareness in relation to and awareness of people detected in a confined space.
- At least one sensor measures the level of ambient CO [101] in real time; if said value exceeds an allowed limit [104] then an output [105] is generated that activates a visual and / or auditory alert, in addition send such information to the main security system! of the company.
- the CO sensor input [101] the exposure time of people to said CO level [103] through at least one sensor are taken into account of presence and is compared to a database with default values [106]; the output of said algorithm [107] will determine an action corresponding to issuing a visual alert, an evacuation route indication or requesting assistance from a security brigade.
- Figure 2 shows the diagram with data corresponding to the database of the method of the present invention.
- the literature indicates that in 10% of COHB there is a slight headache and fatigue. In 20% of COHB in the blood the headache becomes more acute and nausea occurs. At 30% COHB drowsiness occurs, until 40% is reached where the person fades away. A 50% level of COHB in the blood represents permanent damage to the brain and even death. This information is essential for the functionality of the Method of Estimation of Alert Status and Consciousness in relation to the percentage of COHB in Blood of the present invention.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
Description
MÉTODO DE ESTIMACIÓN DE ESTADO DE ALERTA Y CONCIENCIA EN RELACIÓN A PORCENTAJE DE CARBOXIHEMOGLOBINA EN LA SANGRE METHOD OF ESTIMATING STATE OF ALERT AND CONSCIOUSNESS IN RELATION TO PERCENTAGE OF CARBOXYHEMOGLOBIN IN THE BLOOD
CAMPO TÉCNICO DE LA INVENCIÓN TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención tiene su campo de aplicación preponderante en prácticas y protocolos de seguridad en la Industria de Minería, específicamente donde se realizan actividades en espacios confinados con riesgo a intoxicación por presencia de Monóxido de Carbono en el ambiente. The present invention has its preponderant field of application in safety practices and protocols in the Mining Industry, specifically where activities are carried out in confined spaces with a risk of poisoning due to the presence of Carbon Monoxide in the environment.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
El monóxido de carbono (CO) es un gas invisible, inodoro, incoloro, insípido, inflamable y altamente tóxico, que se desprende cuando se queman materiales combustibles de forma incompleta o con poco aporte de oxígeno. Este gas procede de materiales como madera, carbón de leña, carbón mineral, tabaco, gas natural, gasoil, queroseno, gasolina, butano y propano. Sus características le hacen muy difícil de detectar con los sentidos del cuerpo humano, siendo los primeros síntomas de advertencia y más frecuentes que indican la presencia de CO en el aire, suelen ser dolores de cabeza, mareos, náuseas, vómitos y debilidad muscular. Este gas puede incluso causar el fallecimiento de un ser vivo cuando se respira incluso en cantidades moderadas, por envenenamiento en pocos minutos, porque sustituye al oxígeno en la hemoglobina de la sangre. El CO se une a la hemoglobina de una manera hasta 250 veces más fácilmente que con el propio oxígeno. Se produce el compuesto denominado COHB o carboxihemoglobina, que resulta unas 200 veces más difícil de separar que el compuesto de la hemoglobina con el oxígeno. Bloquea la capacidad de la sangre para transportar oxígeno y da lugar a una grave lesión del pulmón y el cerebro, llegando incluso a causar la muerte. En actividades de minería subterránea, los trabajadores se encuentran expuestos a diferentes tipos de gases en especial monóxido de carbono, estos son generados por las condiciones propias de la extracción de minerales como la utilización de máquinas de combustión interna. Se requieren herramientas que cuenten con la capacidad no sólo de detectar e informar el valor de CO en tiempo real al sistema de control, sino que cuenten con algoritmos que estimen las condiciones de los trabajadores sin la necesidad de medios invasivos de sensado, con el fin de establecer procedimientos de evacuación específicos en caso de ser requerido. Carbon monoxide (CO) is an invisible, odorless, colorless, tasteless, flammable and highly toxic gas, which is released when combustible materials are burned incompletely or with little oxygen supply. This gas comes from materials such as wood, charcoal, mineral coal, tobacco, natural gas, diesel, kerosene, gasoline, butane and propane. Its characteristics make it very difficult to detect with the senses of the human body, being the first and most frequent warning symptoms that indicate the presence of CO in the air, usually headaches, dizziness, nausea, vomiting and muscle weakness. This gas can even cause the death of a living being when you breathe even in moderate amounts, by poisoning in a few minutes, because it replaces the oxygen in the blood hemoglobin. CO binds to hemoglobin in a way up to 250 times more easily than with oxygen itself. The compound called COHB or carboxyhemoglobin is produced, which is about 200 times more difficult to separate than the hemoglobin compound with oxygen. It blocks the ability of blood to transport oxygen and results in a serious injury to the lung and brain, even causing death. In underground mining activities, workers are exposed to different types of gases, especially carbon monoxide, these are generated by the conditions of mineral extraction such as the use of internal combustion machines. Tools are required that have the ability not only to detect and Inform the value of CO in real time to the control system, but have algorithms that estimate the conditions of the workers without the need for invasive sensing means, in order to establish specific evacuation procedures if required.
La presente invención resuelve dicha problemática y tiene como objetivo estimar un porcentaje de COHB en la sangre; se basa en un método no invasivo que integra sensores de mediciones de CO y detección y medición de tiempo al que están expuestos los mineros. The present invention solves said problem and aims to estimate a percentage of COHB in the blood; It is based on a non-invasive method that integrates CO measurement sensors and time detection and measurement to which the miners are exposed.
A continuación, se presenta una breve descripción de patentes actuales en relación al tema de detección de COBH en la sangre no invasivos, con el fin de hacer referencia con la presente invención. La patente No. EP0860142 reclama un método y aparato mejorado para la monitorización fotopletismográfica de los parámetros del analito sanguíneo, específicamente oxihemoglobina, desoxihemoglobina, COHB y metahemoglobina, utiliza una pluralidad de haces de luz que tienen diferentes contenidos espectrales para iluminar el tejido de un paciente. Se utiliza en la ecuación de calibración hacia adelante para generar valores estimados de concentración relativa de analito de sangre. La patente No. US6397093 describe un aparato y método que permite la monitorización no invasiva del nivel de COHB de un sujeto, permitiendo de este modo la detección de un posible envenenamiento por monóxido de carbono. El sujeto respira el oxigeno para saturar su hemoglobina sanguínea y eliminar la hemoglobina reducida, permitiendo así la detección y diferenciación entre oxi y COHB mediante la modificación de un oxímetro de pulso convencional. La patente No. UA2005012309 se refiere a la medicina, en particular a un método para la determinación no invasiva de la concentración relativa de COHB en la sangre arterial que se calcula mediante la fórmula usando determinados coeficientes de regresión de intervalos seleccionados de valores logarítmicos de señales luminosas que pasan a través de bio-tienda con flujo sanguíneo variable y medidos Tres longitudes de onda y coeficientes de absorción de desoxihemoglobina, oxihemoglobina y COHB. A continuación, se presenta una breve descripción de patentes actuales en relación al tema de detección de gases en minería, con el fin de complementar las referencias de la presente invención. La patente No. US20150163652 reclama un sistema y método de monitoreo de gases en minería, el método de la invención incluye la recopilación de los datos emitidos por los nodos para monitorear el porcentaje de gas en el ambiente, si el gas sobre pasa un umbral prestabiecido se genera una alarma visual y audible. Con relación a lo anterior, la patente No. CN 102733855 detalla un sistema móvil de monitoreo de gases en una mina subterránea de carbón. El sistema comprende un detector de gas móvil traído por personas para detectar la concentración de gas, una estación base de comunicación de radio dispuesta en la superficie para recibir información sobre la concentración de gas detectada llevando a cabo una comunicación por radio con el detector de gas móvil, un servidor de centro de monitorización utilizado para recibir la información de la concentración de gas detectada e información de la posición del detector de gas móvil desde la estación base de comunicación por radio para llevar a cabo la gestión de información. The following is a brief description of current patents in relation to the subject of non-invasive detection of COBH in the blood, in order to refer to the present invention. Patent No. EP0860142 claims an improved method and apparatus for photoplethysmographic monitoring of blood analyte parameters, specifically oxyhemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin, COHB and methemoglobin, utilizes a plurality of light beams that have different spectral contents to illuminate a patient's tissue . It is used in the forward calibration equation to generate estimated values of relative blood analyte concentration. Patent No. US6397093 describes an apparatus and method that allows the non-invasive monitoring of the COHB level of a subject, thus allowing the detection of a possible carbon monoxide poisoning. The subject breathes the oxygen to saturate his blood hemoglobin and eliminate the reduced hemoglobin, thus allowing the detection and differentiation between oxy and COHB by modifying a conventional pulse oximeter. Patent No. UA2005012309 refers to medicine, in particular a method for the non-invasive determination of the relative concentration of COHB in arterial blood that is calculated by the formula using certain regression coefficients of selected intervals of logarithmic signal values. luminous that pass through bio-store with variable blood flow and measured Three wavelengths and absorption coefficients of deoxyhemoglobin, oxyhemoglobin and COHB. The following is a brief description of current patents in relation to the subject of gas detection in mining, in order to complement the references of the present invention. Patent No. US20150163652 claims a system and method of monitoring of gases in mining, the method of the invention includes the collection of data emitted by the nodes to monitor the percentage of gas in the environment, if the gas passes over a preset threshold a visual alarm is generated and audible. In relation to the above, patent No. CN 102733855 details a mobile gas monitoring system in an underground coal mine. The system comprises a mobile gas detector brought by people to detect the gas concentration, a radio communication base station arranged on the surface to receive information on the gas concentration detected by carrying out a radio communication with the gas detector mobile, a monitoring center server used to receive the information of the detected gas concentration and position information of the mobile gas detector from the radio communication base station to carry out the information management.
DESCRIPCION DETALLADA DE LA INVENCIÓN DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Los detalles característicos de la presente invención, se muestran claramente en la siguiente descripción y en las figuras que se acompañan, las cuales se mencionan a manera de ejemplo, por lo que no deben considerarse como una limitante para dicha invención. The characteristic details of the present invention are clearly shown in the following description and in the accompanying figures, which are mentioned by way of example, and therefore should not be considered as a limitation for said invention.
Breve descripción de las figuras: La figura 1 es un esquema de las entradas y salidas del Método de Estimación de Estado de Alerta y Conciencia en Relación a Porcentaje de COHB en la Sangre, correspondiente a la presente invención. Brief description of the figures: Figure 1 is a diagram of the inputs and outputs of the Method of Estimation of Alert and Awareness Status in relation to the percentage of COHB in Blood, corresponding to the present invention.
La figura 2 es el diagrama representativo de la base de datos que utiliza el Método de Estimación de Estado de Alerta y Conciencia en Relación a y conciencia de las personas detectadas en un espacio confinado. Figure 2 is the representative diagram of the database that uses the State Estimation Method of Alert and Awareness in relation to and awareness of people detected in a confined space.
Como se indica en la Figura 1 , al menos un sensor mide el nivel de CO ambiental [101] en tiempo real; si dicho valor sobrepasa un límite permitido [104] entonces se genera una salida [105] que activa una alerta visual y/o auditiva, además de enviar dicha información al sistema de seguridad principa! de la compañía. Para la ejecución del Algoritmo de Estimación de COHB en la sangre [102] se toma en cuenta la entrada del sensor de CO [101], el tiempo de exposición de personas a dicho nivel de CO [103] a través de al menos un sensor de presencia y se compara con una base de datos con valores predeterminados [106]; la salida de dicho algoritmo [107] determinará una acción correspondiente a emitir alerta visual, indicación de ruta de evacuación o solicitar auxilio a brigada de seguridad. As indicated in Figure 1, at least one sensor measures the level of ambient CO [101] in real time; if said value exceeds an allowed limit [104] then an output [105] is generated that activates a visual and / or auditory alert, in addition send such information to the main security system! of the company. For the execution of the COHB Estimation Algorithm in the blood [102], the CO sensor input [101], the exposure time of people to said CO level [103] through at least one sensor are taken into account of presence and is compared to a database with default values [106]; the output of said algorithm [107] will determine an action corresponding to issuing a visual alert, an evacuation route indication or requesting assistance from a security brigade.
En la figura 2 se muestra el diagrama con datos correspondientes a la base de datos del método de la presente invención. Se presentan 5 curvas correspondientes a valores desde 10% hasta 50% de nivel de COHB en la sangre, correspondiente a un nivel de CO en ppm y tiempo de exposición específicos. La literatura indica que en 10% de COHB se produce dolor de cabeza ligero y fatiga. En 20% de COHB en la sangre el dolor de cabeza se hace más agudo y se presentan náuseas. Al 30% de COHB se produce somnolencia, hasta que se llega al 40% donde la persona se desvanece. Un nivel de 50% de COHB en la sangre representa daños permanentes al cerebro e incluso la muerte. Esta información es imprescindible para la funcionalidad del Método de Estimación de Estado de Alerta y Conciencia en Relación a Porcentaje de COHB en la Sangre de la presente invención. Figure 2 shows the diagram with data corresponding to the database of the method of the present invention. There are 5 curves corresponding to values from 10% to 50% level of COHB in the blood, corresponding to a level of CO in ppm and specific exposure time. The literature indicates that in 10% of COHB there is a slight headache and fatigue. In 20% of COHB in the blood the headache becomes more acute and nausea occurs. At 30% COHB drowsiness occurs, until 40% is reached where the person fades away. A 50% level of COHB in the blood represents permanent damage to the brain and even death. This information is essential for the functionality of the Method of Estimation of Alert Status and Consciousness in relation to the percentage of COHB in Blood of the present invention.
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Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/MX2017/000018 WO2018156002A1 (en) | 2017-02-22 | 2017-02-22 | Method for estimating a state of alertness and consciousness in relation to a percentage of carboxyhaemoglobin in blood |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| PCT/MX2017/000018 WO2018156002A1 (en) | 2017-02-22 | 2017-02-22 | Method for estimating a state of alertness and consciousness in relation to a percentage of carboxyhaemoglobin in blood |
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| WO2018156002A1 true WO2018156002A1 (en) | 2018-08-30 |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11636870B2 (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2023-04-25 | Denso International America, Inc. | Smoking cessation systems and methods |
| US11760169B2 (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2023-09-19 | Denso International America, Inc. | Particulate control systems and methods for olfaction sensors |
| US11760170B2 (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2023-09-19 | Denso International America, Inc. | Olfaction sensor preservation systems and methods |
| US11813926B2 (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2023-11-14 | Denso International America, Inc. | Binding agent and olfaction sensor |
| US11828210B2 (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2023-11-28 | Denso International America, Inc. | Diagnostic systems and methods of vehicles using olfaction |
| US11881093B2 (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2024-01-23 | Denso International America, Inc. | Systems and methods for identifying smoking in vehicles |
| US11932080B2 (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2024-03-19 | Denso International America, Inc. | Diagnostic and recirculation control systems and methods |
| US12017506B2 (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2024-06-25 | Denso International America, Inc. | Passenger cabin air control systems and methods |
| US12251991B2 (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2025-03-18 | Denso International America, Inc. | Humidity control for olfaction sensors |
| US12269315B2 (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2025-04-08 | Denso International America, Inc. | Systems and methods for measuring and managing odor brought into rental vehicles |
| US12377711B2 (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2025-08-05 | Denso International America, Inc. | Vehicle feature control systems and methods based on smoking |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US11636870B2 (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2023-04-25 | Denso International America, Inc. | Smoking cessation systems and methods |
| US11760169B2 (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2023-09-19 | Denso International America, Inc. | Particulate control systems and methods for olfaction sensors |
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| US12269315B2 (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2025-04-08 | Denso International America, Inc. | Systems and methods for measuring and managing odor brought into rental vehicles |
| US12377711B2 (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2025-08-05 | Denso International America, Inc. | Vehicle feature control systems and methods based on smoking |
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