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WO2018150199A1 - Dispositif à commande magnétique - Google Patents

Dispositif à commande magnétique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018150199A1
WO2018150199A1 PCT/GB2018/050428 GB2018050428W WO2018150199A1 WO 2018150199 A1 WO2018150199 A1 WO 2018150199A1 GB 2018050428 W GB2018050428 W GB 2018050428W WO 2018150199 A1 WO2018150199 A1 WO 2018150199A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
particles
flow channel
particle
fluid
additional
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/GB2018/050428
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Feodor Yurievitch Ogrin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
University of Exeter
Original Assignee
University of Exeter
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by University of Exeter filed Critical University of Exeter
Publication of WO2018150199A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018150199A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
    • B01L3/5027—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
    • B01L3/50273—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip characterised by the means or forces applied to move the fluids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/30—Micromixers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/30—Micromixers
    • B01F33/3038—Micromixers using ciliary stirrers to move or stir the fluids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/45—Magnetic mixers; Mixers with magnetically driven stirrers
    • B01F33/453—Magnetic mixers; Mixers with magnetically driven stirrers using supported or suspended stirring elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B19/00—Machines or pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B17/00
    • F04B19/006—Micropumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D33/00—Non-positive-displacement pumps with other than pure rotation, e.g. of oscillating type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F16K99/0001—Microvalves
    • F16K99/0034—Operating means specially adapted for microvalves
    • F16K99/0042—Electric operating means therefor
    • F16K99/0046—Electric operating means therefor using magnets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2200/00—Solutions for specific problems relating to chemical or physical laboratory apparatus
    • B01L2200/06—Fluid handling related problems
    • B01L2200/0647—Handling flowable solids, e.g. microscopic beads, cells, particles
    • B01L2200/0668—Trapping microscopic beads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2400/00—Moving or stopping fluids
    • B01L2400/04—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means
    • B01L2400/0403—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means specific forces
    • B01L2400/043—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means specific forces magnetic forces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
    • B01L3/5027—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
    • B01L3/502738—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip characterised by integrated valves

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a magnetically controllable device such as a pump, and in particular to a small (for example sub-millimetre or micro-scale) pump device operable to drive or pump a fluid for movement.
  • the pump may be used, for example, to deliver or dispense a fluid from a container or passage or may be used to agitate or mix a fluid within a container or the like. Whilst suitable for use as a pump, the invention is not restricted in this regard and may be employed in a range of other applications. There are many applications in which it would be desirable to be able to positively drive small quantities of a fluid for movement along, for example, a flow channel or the like.
  • such an arrangement may be used to allow the delivery of small, accurately controlled doses of medicinal fluids to a patient, or may be used to allow the delivery of small, accurately controlled volumes of fluid to a sample chamber for use in undertaking tests on the fluid. It will be appreciated, however, that this represents merely two examples of applications in which a pump may be used, and the invention is not restricted in this regard.
  • US8405477 describes a device that is capable of being propelled through a fluid, the device comprising a pair of magnetic elements that are coupled to one another by way of a flexible coupling. In use, the application of a varying magnetic field to the device causes relative movement between the elements, causing the device to 'swim' through the fluid. US8405477 further suggests that such a device, if tethered in a flow channel, may be used as a pump to drive fluids along a flow channel.
  • a magnetically controllable device comprising a body defining a fluid flow channel, a first magnetic material particle located within the flow channel and rigidly secured to a wall defining the flow channel, and a second magnetic material particle located within the flow channel and moveable relative to the first particle, the first and second particles having different magnetic anisotropies at least in the direction of an axis upon which both of the particles lie.
  • the application of a varying magnetic field to the device may cause relative movement between the first and second particles, causing the spacing of the first and second particles and/or the orientation of the second particle relative to the first particle to change.
  • the change in relative position and/or orientation may cause a displacement of fluid along the flow channel. Accordingly, it will be appreciated that the application of a varying magnetic field may cause fluid to be pumped along the flow channel.
  • the second particle may be directly coupled to the first particle by an elastic coupling member.
  • the second particle may be coupled to the wall of the flow channel by an elastic coupling member.
  • the pump may further comprise one or more additional magnetic material particles.
  • one or more additional first particles may be rigidly secured to the flow channel wall.
  • one or more additional second particles may be located within the flow channel. Where additional first and second particles are provided, the additional second particles may be movable relative to the respective additional first particles.
  • the device may further serve as a valve.
  • control over the device may allow selective supply of fluid along chosen limbs of the flow channel.
  • the device may serve as a mixer or agitator. It will be appreciated that such an arrangement may be advantageous in that the pumping effect by which fluid may be displaced along the flow channel, in use, may be enhanced.
  • a magnetically controllable device comprising a flexible substrate upon which a plurality of first particles are located and upon which a plurality of second particles are located, the first particles being of a different magnetic anisotropy to the second particles such that the application of a varying magnetic field to the device causes relative movement between the first particles and the second particles, the substrate flexing to accommodate such relative movement.
  • the substrate may take the form of a mesh.
  • the substrate may be shaped to be of tubular form, spherical form, or to adopt another three dimensional shape.
  • a magnetically controllable device comprises a first particle and a plurality of second particles connected to the first particle, the first particle being of a different magnetic anisotropy to the second particles such that the application of a varying magnetic field to the device causes relative movement between the second particles and the first particle.
  • a magnetically controllable device comprising a body defining a fluid flow channel, a first magnetic material particle located within the flow channel and secured to a wall defining the flow channel by a flexible element.
  • the application of a varying magnetic field to the device may cause the orientation of the particle to change, the flexible element flexing to accommodate this movement, the flexing of the flexible element, upon repeated changes in the orientation of the particle, causing fluid to be moved along the flow channel.
  • a plurality of such particles are located within the flow channel.
  • Figure 1 is a diagrammatic representation illustrating a pump in accordance with an embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 1a illustrates a modification of the pump illustrated in Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1 illustrating an alternative embodiment;
  • Figure 3 illustrates a modification to the arrangement of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 illustrates a further embodiment of the invention;
  • Figures 5a and 5b illustrate further embodiments;
  • Figure 6 is a view illustrating another embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 7 is a view representing another embodiment of the invention.
  • a magnetically controllable device in the form of a pump comprising a body 10 in which a passage defining a flow channel 12 is formed, the flow channel 12 being bounded by a peripheral wall 14.
  • first magnetic particle 16 Located within the flow channel 12 is a first magnetic particle 16.
  • the particle 16 is secured by way of a rigid mounting post 18 to the wall 14. It will be appreciated that the manner in which the first particle 16 is mounted is such that movement of the particle 16 relative to the body 10 and flow channel 12 is resisted.
  • a second magnetic particle 20 located within the flow channel 12 .
  • the first and second particles 16, 20 are located in close proximity to one another so as to magnetically interact with one another.
  • the second particle 20 is connected to the first particle 16 by a flexible or elastic material coupling 22. It will be appreciated that, although the first magnetic particle 16 is securely fixed within the flow channel 12 in such a manner that movement thereof is resisted, the flexible coupling 22 permits limited movement of the second particle 20 relative to the first particle 16. The limited movement permitted by the flexible coupling 22 may allow the spacing of the first and second particles 16, 20 to vary and/or may allow the relative orientations of the first and second particles 16, 20 to vary.
  • the first and second particles 16, 20 are of different materials and have different magnetic anisotropies, at least in the direction of an axis upon which the first and second particles lie.
  • one of the particles may be of hard magnetic form and the other may be of soft magnetic form.
  • the pump is of a form similar to that described in US8405477. It will be appreciated that, in use, upon the application of a varying magnetic field to the device relative movement will occur between the particles, the positions and/or orientations of the particles changing relative to one another, and the flexible coupling 22 flexing to accommodate such movement.
  • the relative movement may arise as a result of the magnetic interaction between the particles and the varying magnetic field, and/or as a result of changes in the magnetic interaction between the particles arising from the application of the varying magnetic field.
  • US8405477 describes how the application of a varying magnetic field will cause relative movement of the first and second particles 16, 20, a detailed description of the principles giving rise to the resulting movement is not set out herein.
  • a varying magnetic field is applied to the pump.
  • the application of the varying magnetic field causes relative to movement to occur between the first and second particles 16, 20.
  • the relative movement may take the form of the second particle 20 moving closer to or further from the first particle 16 (within the range of movement permitted by the coupling 22, and/or may take the form of a change in the orientation of the second particle 20 relative to the first particle 16.
  • the nature of the movement is conveniently such that return movement of the second particle 20 follows a different path.
  • fluid is driven along the flow channel 12 past the particles 16, 20.
  • a pump comprising a single pair of particles 16, 20 may serve to deliver of pump a small quantity of fluid along the flow channel 12, in many applications it may be preferred to provide one or more additional first particles 16' rigidly secured to the channel wall 14 and one or more additional second particles 20' coupled to respective ones of the additional first particles 14' by respective additional couplings 22, as shown in Figure 1 a.
  • the application of the varying magnetic field will cause movement of each of the second particles 20 and additional second particles 20' relative to the first particles 16 and additional first particles 16' with the result that a greater quantity of fluid can be dispensed, or fluid can be pumped along the flow channel 12 at an increased rate.
  • the fluid delivery rate and direction may be accurately controlled by appropriate control over the magnetic field applied to the device, in use.
  • the device may thus find application in controlling the delivery of, for example, medicines or drugs to a patient, or in conducting tests on small, accurately controlled samples.
  • the second particle 20 is directly coupled by the flexible coupling 22 to the associated first particle 16.
  • Figure 2 illustrates an arrangement in which this is not the case, and instead the second particle 20 is coupled to the channel wall 14 by the flexible coupling 22. It will be appreciated that although not directly coupled to the first particle 16, the second particle 20 will still undergo substantially the same movement as occurs in the arrangement of Figure 1 upon the application of a varying magnetic field thereto. The operation thereof is substantially the same as that of Figures 1 and 1 a.
  • the arrangement of Figure 2 may be modified to incorporate additional pairs of particles, if desired.
  • the particles 16, 20 are arranged in pairs, each second particle 20 being associated with a single respective first particle 16. It will be appreciated that this need not always be the case, and Figure 3 illustrates a variant of the arrangement of Figure 2 in which additional second particles 20' are provided, each being flexibly coupled to the channel wall 14 by a respective flexible coupling 22', the second particle 20 and each additional second particle 20' being movable relative to the first particle 16 upon the application of a varying magnetic field to cause fluid to be pumped along and/or dispensed from the flow channel 12. It will be appreciated that the variant shown in Figure 3 is equally applicable to any of the arrangements described hereinbefore. Where the first and second particles 16, 20 are directly coupled to one another, then the additional second particle 20' may be flexibly coupled to the second particle 20, for example, forming a flexible chain of particles which magnetically interact with one another.
  • Figure 4 illustrates a complex device in which the flow channel 12 defines inlet channels 12a, a mixing chamber 12b, and outlet channels 12c.
  • the particles located within the inlet channels 12a may serve to control the rate of fluid supply to the mixing chamber 12b.
  • the two (or more) inlet channels 12a may be used to supply different quantities of different fluids to the mixing chamber 12b.
  • the particle movement may be used to achieve agitation or mixing of the fluids.
  • the particles within the outlet channels 12c may be operated to control the proportion of mixed fluid delivered through each of the outlet channels 12c. Accordingly, the particles located therein may serve, effectively, as a valve. It will be appreciated that the particle movement may be used for other purposes than as described above.
  • movement of all of the second particles may be achieved using a single, common varying magnetic field, and the orientations of the particles and operation of the electromagnet or the like producing the varying magnetic field may be such as to enable selection of which of the particles cause fluid movement at any given time.
  • first and second particles 16, 20 are in close proximity to one another so as to magnetically interact with one another, it will be appreciated that their relative orientations need not be as illustrated.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a pump device including a single first particle and a plurality of second particles interacting therewith
  • the device may be used in other, non- pumping applications.
  • the device may serve as a swimmer or the like.
  • Figures 5a and 5b illustrates the case where the particles are arranged in a chain, in this case with the first particle at an intermediate position within the chain
  • Figure 5b illustrates a case in which each particle is directly connected to each of the other particles. In each case, further particles may be incorporated if desired. Arrangements of this type are thought to be of enhanced performance as compared to the simple structures of US 8405477.
  • Figure 6 illustrates a device comprising a flexible substrate 30.
  • the substrate 30 takes the form of a mesh defining a plurality of intersections 32. At each intersection 32 is located one of the particles 16, 16', 20, 20'.
  • the application of a varying magnetic field to the device causes relative movement to occur between at least some of the particles, the substrate 30 flexing to accommodate such relative movement.
  • certain parts of the substrate 30 may be more rigid than other parts thereof so that relative movement between at least some of the particles is resisted.
  • the device may serve as, for example, a swimmer or pump or other conveyor device.
  • the substrate may take other forms.
  • the substrate 30 could be shaped to be of, for example, tubular or spherical form or to take another three dimensional shape. Where of tubular form, it could serve as a pump to be located within a passage, pumping fluid along the passage when activated by the application of a varying magnetic field. Whilst a structure of the form outlined above is of porous form, the pores thereof are sufficiently small that it is thought that surface tension will result in little, if any, fluid passing through the pores when the device is not activated. In such an arrangement, activation of the device by the application of a magnetic field thereto may result in fluid being driven through the pores, for example from the interior of the device to the exterior thereof.
  • the device is shaped to be of spherical or other closed three dimensional shape, activation thereof may result in fluid being dispensed from the interior of the device to the exterior thereof.
  • the device may be activated only once it has reached a desired location within a body so as to deliver precise quantities of medicines or drugs to desired locations.
  • each device contains particles of two different materials, and operation of the devices requires there to be relative movement between the particles, for example changing their relative positions and/or their relative orientations.
  • Figure 7 illustrates a device in which particles of just a single magnetic material are present.
  • particles 16, 16' are located within a flow channel 12, and are tethered to the wall 14 of the flow channel 12 by flexible couplings 22, 22'.
  • the flexible couplings 22, 22' In use, upon the application of a varying magnetic field to the device, the particles 16, 16' will undergo angular movement. In order to accommodate this movement, the flexible couplings 22, 22' must flex. The nature of the flexing movement is such that, where the magnetic field is repeatedly varied, the flexing causes fluid located within the flow channel 12 to be driven along the flow channel 12. The device thus serves as a pump.
  • the device may be formed as a valve or to have other functionality as described hereinbefore with reference to Figure 4.
  • specific embodiments of the invention are described hereinbefore, it will be appreciated that a wide range of modifications and alterations may be made thereto without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif à commande magnétique comprenant un corps (10) délimitant un canal d'écoulement (12) de fluide, une première particule de matériau magnétique (16) située à l'intérieur du canal d'écoulement (12) et solidement fixée à une paroi (14) délimitant le canal d'écoulement (12), et une seconde particule de matériau magnétique (20) située à l'intérieur du canal d'écoulement (12) et mobile par rapport à la première particule (16), les première et seconde particules (16, 20) ayant différentes anisotropies magnétiques au moins dans la direction d'un axe sur lequel sont situées les deux particules. L'invention concerne également un dispositif à commande magnétique comprenant un substrat flexible (30) sur lequel sont situées plusieurs premières particules (16, 16') et sur lequel sont situées plusieurs secondes particules (20, 20'), les premières particules (16, 16') ayant une anisotropie magnétique différente de celle des secondes particules (20, 20') de sorte que l'application d'un champ magnétique qui varie au dispositif provoque un mouvement relatif entre les premières particules (16, 16') et les secondes particules (20, 20'), le substrat (30) fléchissant pour s'adapter audit mouvement relatif.
PCT/GB2018/050428 2017-02-20 2018-02-19 Dispositif à commande magnétique Ceased WO2018150199A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB1702728.5A GB201702728D0 (en) 2017-02-20 2017-02-20 Magnetically controllable device
GB1702728.5 2017-02-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018150199A1 true WO2018150199A1 (fr) 2018-08-23

Family

ID=58486953

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2018/050428 Ceased WO2018150199A1 (fr) 2017-02-20 2018-02-19 Dispositif à commande magnétique

Country Status (2)

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GB (1) GB201702728D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018150199A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USD1069156S1 (en) 2023-04-10 2025-04-01 Becton, Dickinson And Company Dispensing device

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110076777A1 (en) * 2008-07-31 2011-03-31 Adarsh Sandhu Reaction apparatus and process
US8405477B2 (en) * 2008-02-22 2013-03-26 University Of Exeter Controllable magnetic systems

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8405477B2 (en) * 2008-02-22 2013-03-26 University Of Exeter Controllable magnetic systems
US20110076777A1 (en) * 2008-07-31 2011-03-31 Adarsh Sandhu Reaction apparatus and process

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
HARPREET SINGH ET AL: "Rigid, Superparamagnetic Chains of Permanently Linked Beads Coated with Magnetic Nanoparticles. Synthesis and Rotational Dynamics under Applied Magnetic Fields", LANG, AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, US, vol. 21, no. 24, 13 October 2005 (2005-10-13), pages 11500 - 11509, XP007905332, ISSN: 0743-7463, DOI: 10.1021/LA0517843 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USD1069156S1 (en) 2023-04-10 2025-04-01 Becton, Dickinson And Company Dispensing device

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