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WO2018034703A1 - Prédiction et adaptation de faisceau permettant une atténuation du blocage - Google Patents

Prédiction et adaptation de faisceau permettant une atténuation du blocage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018034703A1
WO2018034703A1 PCT/US2017/025687 US2017025687W WO2018034703A1 WO 2018034703 A1 WO2018034703 A1 WO 2018034703A1 US 2017025687 W US2017025687 W US 2017025687W WO 2018034703 A1 WO2018034703 A1 WO 2018034703A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
beam pair
blockage
pair
pairs
circuitry
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
PCT/US2017/025687
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English (en)
Inventor
Sarabjot SINGH
Nageen Himayat
Jing Zhu
Wook Bong Lee
Ehsan ARYAFAR
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Intel Corp
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Intel Corp
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Publication of WO2018034703A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018034703A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0686—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0695—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission using beam selection
    • H04B7/06952—Selecting one or more beams from a plurality of beams, e.g. beam training, management or sweeping
    • H04B7/0696—Determining beam pairs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H04B7/0868—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and combining
    • H04B7/088—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and combining using beam selection

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to mobile communication and, more
  • Mobile communication including cellular communication, involves the transfer of data between mobile devices.
  • the use of mobile communication is continuously increasing. Additionally, the bandwidth or data rate used and needed for mobile communications is continuously increasing.
  • Some of the wavelengths used in mobile communication can be directional and/or sensitive to blocking.
  • the blocking can be due to buildings, foliage, vehicle traffic, pedestrian traffic and the like.
  • the blocking can make reliable communication challenging.
  • Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating an arrangement for mobile communications that leverages multipath diversity in mmWave communication systems.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example flow for a node framework that facilitates multipath diversity in mmWave communication systems.
  • Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating a technique to obtain an ordered/ranked set of beam sector pairs.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow diagram illustrating a method of operating one or more nodes that utilizes multipath diversity in mmWave communication systems.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates example components of a User Equipment (UE) device.
  • UE User Equipment
  • a component can be a processor (e.g., a processor
  • microprocessor a controller, or other processing device
  • a process running on a processor a controller, an object, an executable, a program, a storage device, a computer, a tablet PC, an electronic circuit and/or a mobile phone with a processing device.
  • an application running on a server and the server can also be a component.
  • One or more components can reside within a process, and a component can be localized on one computer and/or distributed between two or more computers.
  • a set of elements or a set of other components can be described herein, in which the term "set" can be interpreted as "one or more.”
  • these components can execute from various computer readable storage media having various data structures stored thereon such as with a module, for example.
  • the components can communicate via local and/or remote processes such as in accordance with a signal having one or more data packets (e.g., data from one component interacting with another component in a local system, distributed system, and/or across a network, such as, the Internet, a local area network, a wide area network, or similar network with other systems via the signal).
  • a signal having one or more data packets (e.g., data from one component interacting with another component in a local system, distributed system, and/or across a network, such as, the Internet, a local area network, a wide area network, or similar network with other systems via the signal).
  • a component can be an apparatus with specific functionality provided by mechanical parts operated by electric or electronic circuitry, in which the electric or electronic circuitry can be operated by a software application or a firmware application executed by one or more processors.
  • the one or more processors can be internal or external to the apparatus and can execute at least a part of the software or firmware application.
  • a component can be an apparatus that provides specific functionality through electronic components without mechanical parts; the electronic components can include one or more processors therein to execute software and/or firmware that confer(s), at least in part, the functionality of the electronic components.
  • circuitry may refer to, be part of, or include an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an electronic circuit, a processor (shared, dedicated, or group), and/or memory (shared, dedicated, or group) that execute one or more software or firmware programs, a combinational logic circuit, and/or other suitable hardware components that provide the described functionality.
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • the circuitry may be implemented in, or functions associated with the circuitry may be implemented by, one or more software or firmware modules.
  • circuitry may include logic, at least partially operable in hardware.
  • Millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication is attractive for deployment for 5G due to a large available bandwidth that can provide the high peak data rates.
  • signal propagation at mmWave frequencies is sensitive to blocking from buildings, foliage, vehicular traffic, pedestrian traffic and the like. The blocking can degrade mobile communication.
  • One technique to mitigate the effects of blocking is to utilize the sparse nature of the mmWave channel and use high directional beam sectors to use multipath diversity. Thus, if one path is blocked, a communication link can be switched to another blockage free path by performing a sector sweep to identify the blockage free path.
  • performing the sector sweep to identify a blockage free path typically require a large overhead in terms of time and processing complexity. Further, this approach can result in relatively long or worse latency.
  • a low overhead and low latency framework or approach is provided for blockage mitigation that leverages multipath diversity in mmWave communication systems.
  • Statistical criteria and a framework are developed to predict or estimate the likelihood of blockage on multiple alternative paths and rank orders the paths for selection in the event that a particular beam pair is blocked.
  • Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating an arrangement 100 for mobile communications that leverages multipath diversity in mmWave communication systems.
  • the arrangement 100 enhances communications by predicting blockage for sector beam pairs or paths and selecting alternative communication paths. The selected alternative paths are then used instead of the blocked or predicted blocked communication paths.
  • the arrangement 100 can also be an apparatus.
  • the arrangement 100 includes a user equipment (UE) device 102, a transceiver 106, and nodes 120.
  • the nodes 120 include components such as, but not limited to, a packet gateway (PGW), a secondary gateway (SGW), a mobility
  • MME mobility management entity
  • PDN packet data network
  • UEs UEs
  • eNodeB evolved Node Bs
  • AP access points
  • BS base stations
  • a node 124 is shown as an eNodeB. However, it is appreciated that the node 124 can be one of the other types shown above.
  • the UE 102 includes the transceiver 106, a storage component 1 18, and control circuitry or controller 104.
  • the storage component 1 18 includes a memory, storage element and the like and is configured to store information for the UE 102.
  • the controller 104 is configured to perform various operations associated with the UE 1 02.
  • the controller 104 can include logic, components, circuitry, one or more processors and the like.
  • the transceiver 106 includes transmitter functionality and receiver functionality.
  • the UE 102 also includes one or more antenna 108 for communications with the network entities 120.
  • the eNodeB 124 includes a transceiver, a storage component, and control circuitry or controller.
  • the storage component includes a memory, storage element and the like and is configured to store information for the eNodeB 124.
  • the controller is configured to perform various operations associated with the eNodeB 124.
  • the controller can include logic, components, circuitry, one or more processors and the like.
  • the transceiver 106 includes transmitter functionality and receiver functionality.
  • the eNodeB 124 can also include one or more antenna for communications with the nodes 120 and/or other UEs.
  • the UE 102 can be another type of node, such as the types of nodes described above including, but not limited to an eNodeB, BS and the like.
  • the UE 102 is configured to use a framework, also referred to as a node framework, for mitigating and/or countering beam blockage through blockage prediction, blockage detection and/or beam adaptation mechanisms.
  • the framework includes determining a set of feasible UE 1 02 to eNodeB 124 beam sector pairs, ranking/ordering the set of beam sector pairs, UE 102 initiated and/or eNodeB 124 initiated, exchanging a ranked set of beam sector pairs, blockage detection/prediction and beam switching, synchronization to facilitate fast beam switching, and interworking with multi-connectivity and fast cell selection.
  • Pairs of beams between the UE 102 and the eNodeB 124 are identified as a set of pairs or set of beam sector pairs. Each pair includes a beam from the UE 102 to the eNodeB 124 and a beam from the eNodeB 124 to the UE 102.
  • a sector level sweep (SLS) procedure is performed by an initiating node of 102 and 124.
  • Signal strength measurements such as a received signal strength indicator (RSSI)
  • RSSI received signal strength indicator
  • a primary beam sector pair is identified as one of the beam sector pairs that has the highest or a suitable strength measurement or RSSI measurement.
  • the other beam sector pairs of the set are referred to as secondary beam sector pairs.
  • the SLS generally includes an exhaustive search to identify the best or suitable beam sector pairs for a pair of devices or nodes.
  • the SLS identifies the beam pairs for both directions, where the first node is the transmitter and the second node is the receiver and the first node is the receiver and the second node is the transmitter.
  • the SLS can include using omni-direction, omni-directional and the like antenna patterns.
  • the SLS can occur in one or more stages.
  • the SLS can include a sector sweep (SSW) and the like.
  • the set of beam sector pairs are ranked based on beam ranking criteria to generate a ranked set of beam sector pairs.
  • the beam ranking criteria includes the sector providing the highest average RSSI conditional upon other beam pairs within sector that have higher RSSI being blocked.
  • the criteria also can be based on the beam sector pair least likely to be blocked when all beam pairs ranked higher are blocked. Additionally, the ranking criteria can include cost in terms of switching time between a current used beam to another beam, signaling overhead, power consumption and the like. Other beam ranking criteria is contemplated and some additional examples are provided below.
  • the criteria can also include spatial correlation and temporal correlation in blockage statistics.
  • the spatial correlation includes correlation between a beam pair and other beam pairs based on distance, angular separation, and the like.
  • the temporal correlation includes correlation between a given beam pair and other beam pairs based on their signal strengths, blockage and the like.
  • the ranking criteria can include functional dependence, such as monotonically decreasing correlation with increasing angular separation.
  • the primary beam pair is the highest ordered or ranked beam pair.
  • node the eNodeB 124 or the UE 102 can initiate performance of identifying the set of beam sector pairs and ranking the set of beam sector pairs.
  • the ranked set of beam sector pairs is exchanged with or provided to the eNodeB 124 from the UE 102. However, it is appreciated that if the eNodeB 124 initiates the identifying the set of beam sector pairs and ranking the set of beam sector pairs, the ranked set of beam sector pairs is exchanged with or provided to the UE 102 from the eNodeB 124.
  • Communication between the UE 102 and the eNodeB 124 is performed using the primary beam sector pair.
  • blockage detection/prediction and beam switching are performed.
  • a next highest ranked beam sector pair from the ranked set of beam sector pairs is selected and used for the communication.
  • blockage detection occurs when a strength of a received signal at either node falls below a threshold value.
  • blockage prediction occurs where the UE 102 detects the rate of change or gradient of the RSSI and predicts when the beam pair will fall below the threshold value. The UE 102 selects the next beam pair from the ranked set of beam sector pairs.
  • the communications for the UE 102 and the eNodeB 124 can switch to other paths during the communications. Further, the switch or transfer can be performed without performing or requiring another sector level sweep (SLS).
  • SLS sector level sweep
  • Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example flow for a node framework that facilitates multipath diversity in mmWave communication systems. The flow enhances communications by detecting/predicting beam pair blockages for communication paths and selecting alternative beam pairs.
  • the example includes a first node, NODE 1 and a second node, NODE 2.
  • the first node can be a UE, eNodeB, AP, BS and the like.
  • the second node can also be a UE, eNodeB, AP, BS and the like.
  • the first node is an AP and the second node is a UE.
  • One or both of the nodes perform a SLS at portion S1 .
  • the SLS identifies a set of beam sector pairs between the first and second nodes.
  • the second node NODE 2 generates a ranked set of beam sector pairs based on the set of beam sector pairs and a ranking criteria at portion S2.
  • the ranking or ordering criteria includes strength of received signals at the first and second nodes.
  • the ranking criteria also includes a likelihood of being blocked when neighboring pairs are blocked.
  • the ranking criteria can also includes spatial and temporal correlation with blockage statistics.
  • the second node NODE 2 identifies a primary beam sector pair for use with communications between the first and second nodes.
  • the second node provides the selected primary beam sector pair along with the ranked set of beam sector pairs to the second node NODE 1 at S3.
  • the ranked set indicates or assists in identifying which beam sector pair to use in the event of a blockage or predicted blockage of the primary beam sector pair.
  • Data is communicated between the first and second nodes at S4 using the primary beam sector pair. Data is transmitted from the first node to the second node.
  • the second node sends an acknowledgement (ACK) once the data has been received.
  • ACK acknowledgement
  • the ACK is sent at S5 using the primary beam sector pair.
  • the second node predicts/detect blockage of the primary beam sector pair.
  • Suitable techniques can be used by the UE and/or node to predict blockage (failure to decode the received packet through error detection, loss of signal, or through gradient detection, etc.).
  • blockage detection is facilitated by a node (e.g., the AP and UE) engaging in periodic blockage poll (B- Poll) and blockage response (B-RSP) procedures.
  • B- Poll periodic blockage poll
  • B-RSP blockage response
  • blockage is predicted based on a failure of R consecutive B-Poll and B-RSP (where R is a system parameter).
  • Another suitable technique for predicting/detecting blockage is to utilize a B-POLL channel to detect blockage and inform a transmitter of the detected blockage. Four examples of this are provided below.
  • the first example is threshold based. If the node detects an RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) dropping below at threshold, a receiver node sends a switch command to a transmitter node to indicate the beam adaptation or change to a next beam pair in the ranked set of beam pairs.
  • RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator
  • a second example is gradient based. If the receiving node detects the rate of RSSI dropping across consecutive signals, where the rate exceeds a threshold, the receiving node sends a switch command to the transmitter node to indicate that beam adaptation or switching to a next beam pair is to occur.
  • a broad beam or shortened UE-RXSS is provided at a beginning of a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH).
  • PDCCH physical downlink control channel
  • a receiving node such as a UE device, sends a switch command to a transmitting node (eNodeB) to indicate that beam adaptation is to occur.
  • the switch command can be piggybacked on an acknowledge (ACK) as part of an uplink (UL) message or sent using another radio access technology (RAT), such as LTE, 802.1 1 n, and the like.
  • ACK acknowledge
  • UL uplink
  • RAT radio access technology
  • the second node selects a secondary beam sector pair to be used as the primary beam sector pair.
  • the second node informs the first node to switch to use the secondary beam sector pair as the primary beam sector pair.
  • the switch is included with the ACK or is piggybacked on the ACK. Both the first and second nodes switch to the new primary beam sector pair and resume communication.
  • Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating a technique 300 to obtain an ordered/ranked set of beam sector pairs.
  • the technique 300 can be used with the arrangement 100 and variations thereof.
  • the Fig. 2 and its description can also be referenced to facilitate understanding of the technique.
  • the technique for obtaining the ranked set utilizes a received signal strength measurement, such as RSSI.
  • the technique first identifies a set of feasible/candidate beam sector pairs.
  • An ith sector pair is denoted as (B,, U,), where B, is the sector id at a first node and the LI, is the sector id at the second node.
  • the first node is assumed to be a base station (BS) and the second node is assumed to be a UE, although it is appreciated that the first and second nodes can comprise other devices or entities, as shown above.
  • Candidate beam sector pairs can be obtained using a known array factor gain of corresponding sectors when a channel between the BS and UE is known. If A denotes an array factor gain, then (B, U) is a candidate sector pair if the corresponding RSSI is greater than Th, where Th is a selected threshold.
  • the RSSI for a sector pair is denoted by P.
  • P(B,U) A(B) * A(U) * H, where H denotes the channel.
  • the sign ' * ' carries the meaning of coherent/incoherent summation of multipath.
  • a SLS can be used where all sectors of a BS are swept sequentially for all UE sectors, while the corresponding P(B,U) is recorded at the UE in the corresponding sector sweep slot.
  • Fig. 3 depicts the SLS between the BS and the UE.
  • the BS is the initiator and depicted on an upper line.
  • the UE is the responder and depicted on a lower line.
  • the initiator begins the sector by sector sweep for sectors of the BS at 302.
  • the responder generates feedback for each sector sweep at 304.
  • the initiator provides SSW feedback at 306.
  • the responder acknowledges (ACK) the feedback at 308.
  • each pair also has a corresponding RSSI denoted as P.
  • the set of sector beam pairs are ranked solely on the RSSI to obtain the ranked sets of sector beam pairs.
  • the beam ranking criteria can include other additional information such as likelihood of being blocked and the like.
  • a first example of beam ranking involves a model.
  • a channel between the UE and the BS is given by :
  • the received power with BS beam k and UE beam j is:
  • a second example of beam ranking attempts to identify a beam pair given that a current beam pair is blocked.
  • the current beam can be considered blocked when its strength or power falls below a threshold, such as P kj ⁇ y ⁇ , where y ⁇ is a threshold of power or strength, identifies a beam pair that provides a suitable or maximum expected power.
  • the secondary beam pair with at least a certain angle away from blocked beam pairs that has the highest probability can be selected as the primary beam pair. Without spatial correlation, the maximum power beam pair can be selected.
  • Feedback Ordered Candidate Set After performing the above candidate selection and ordering the UE can feed back the ordered AP sectors B1 , B2, ... BN (assuming N candidate pairs). This feedback may be carried in the "SSW Feedback" for an IEEE 802.1 1 as shown in Fig. 3. However, alternate feedback methods may be introduced for different wireless networks, such as the cellular 3GPP network, wherein signaling during random access or signaling at medium access control (MAC)/ physical (PHY) layer may be used to carry such feedback. The feedback includes the ranked set of beam pairs.
  • MAC medium access control
  • PHY physical
  • Blockage detection can be facilitated by the AP and the UE engaging in periodic B-Poll and B-RSP procedure, and hence detecting blockage upon failure of R consecutive B-Poll and B-RSP (where R is a system parameter).
  • a receiver can utilize the B-Poll channel to detect blockage and inform the transmitter, and inform the transmitter using several approaches, which are shown below.
  • a first approach is threshold based. Upon detecting RSSI dropping below a threshold, the receiver sends a "switch command" to the transmitter indicating the beam adaptation to a next ordered pair.
  • a second approach is gradient based. Upon detecting the rate of RSSI dropping across consecutive signals exceeding a threshold, the receiver sends a "switch command" to the transmitter indicating the beam adaptation to a next ordered pair.
  • a third approach is broad beam based. Through a broad beam or through a shortened UE-RXSS at the beginning of a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH). Upon detection, the UE sends a "Switch command" to an eNodeB indicating the beam adaptation to a next ordered pair.
  • a fourth approach is to piggyback the switch command on an ACK.
  • the switch command is piggy backed on the ACK (data acknowledgement message) and can be sent as a dedicated uplink message, or sent using another radio access technology (RAT) (e.g., LTE, 802.1 1 n).
  • RAT radio access technology
  • synchronization between the nodes for the another or secondary sector beam pair is typically required. For example, if a selected beam pair does not belong to a broad beam sector used for control channel transmission, then time-frequency synchronization may be required before transmission may begin on the selected secondary pair. This synchronization may be obtained by using a suitable procedure.
  • a first example of a suitable synchronization procedure is using an explicit on demand bi-directional reference message exchange, such as dSR (dynamic scheduling request), BPoll and the like.
  • the bi-directional reference message exchange can be used on all the candidate beam pairs and/or restricted among some of those pairs.
  • Another example of suitable synchronization is memory based.
  • the UE and the AP exchange timing advance information across candidate sectors during the sector sweep procedure.
  • Suitable synchronization is in-packet synchronization, where each packet carriers a preamble/synchronization channel, such as that used in the IEEE 802.1 1 ad standard.
  • a preamble/synchronization channel such as that used in the IEEE 802.1 1 ad standard.
  • CP cyclic prefix
  • Intra-cell beam adaptation is also contemplated and can be performed by nodes of the arrangement 1 00.
  • the intra-cell beam adaptation can be extended and/or combined with fast cell selection procedures designed for multi-cell connectivity.
  • the beam adaptation procedure can take precedence over cell switching in certain cases.
  • Some examples of the plausible cases are listed below:
  • the cardinality of the candidate set of feasible beam pairs exceeds a threshold.
  • T1 The maximum average power possible from adaptation exceeds a threshold (T1 , say), i.e.,
  • T2 a threshold
  • Fig. 4 is a flow diagram illustrating a method 400 of operating one or more nodes that utilizes multipath diversity in mmWave communication systems.
  • the method enhances mobile communications by detecting/predicting blockages for sector beam pairs or paths and selecting alternative communication paths or pairs to use instead of the blocked beam pairs.
  • the alternative pairs can be selected without performing an extensive sweep, such as a sector level sweep (SLS).
  • SLS sector level sweep
  • the method 400 can be understood and utilized with the arrangement 100 and variations thereof, described above.
  • a first node and a second node are provided for mobile communications at block 402.
  • the first node and second node are each a type of node including, but not limited to, a UE device, eNodeB, AP, BS, and the like.
  • the first node is the initiator node and the second node is the responder node, however it is appreciated that these roles can be reversed.
  • the first node performs a sector level sweep (SLS) to identify a set of beam sector pairs for communication with the second node at block 404.
  • the set of beam sector pairs includes candidate beam pairs that have a strength measurement, such as an RSSI, greater than a threshold value.
  • the SLS typically includes an exhaustive search to identify suitable beam sector pairs for the first and second nodes.
  • the beam pairs are identified for both communication directions, from the first node to the second node and from the second node to the first node.
  • the SLS can be performed in one or more stages.
  • the first node ranks the pairs of the set of beam sector pairs according to a ranking criteria at block 406.
  • the beam ranking criteria includes information in addition to a beam strength or RSSI.
  • the beam ranking criteria includes spatial correlation, temporal correlation, and the like that can impact likelihood of a beam sector pair being blocked.
  • the beam ranking criteria can also include functional dependence, such as dependence based on angular separation of the beam sector pairs.
  • the first node Based on the beam ranking criteria, the first node generates a ranked set of beam sector pairs.
  • the highest ranked beam pair is selected as a primary beam sector pair.
  • the other beam sector pairs are selected as secondary beam sector pairs.
  • the first node provides the ranked set of beam sector pairs to the second node at block 408.
  • the ranked set can be provided as part of a sector sweep feedback and/or provided via another suitable mechanism.
  • the ranked set of beam sector pairs includes the primary beam pair and the secondary beam pairs.
  • the first node and the second node communicate using the primary beam pair until a blockage is detected and/or predicted at block 410.
  • the blockage can be the result of an object interfering with the path of the primary beam pair.
  • the blockage can be detected based on received signal strength measurements, such as RSSI, and the like. Additionally, the blockage can be predicted based on measurements and the like. In one example, the blockage is predicted based on a detected rate of change in the RSSI.
  • Other blockage prediction techniques such as a keep-alive mechanism as B- POLL/RSP (Blockage Poll/Blockage Response) can be used. Some examples of suitable techniques are provided above.
  • the first node selects a secondary beam pair to use as the primary beam sector pair based on beam selection criteria at block 412.
  • the selection criteria can include the beam ranking criteria and other information, such as beam pair proximity to the blocked beam pair.
  • the method 400 can return to block 410 wherein the selected secondary beam is used as the primary beam pair to communicate. Synchronization techniques and the like can be used to adjust to the new primary beam pair.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates, for one embodiment, example components of a User Equipment (UE) device 500.
  • the UE device 500 e.g., the wireless communication device
  • the UE device 500 can include application circuitry 502, baseband circuitry 504, Radio Frequency (RF) circuitry 506, front-end module (FEM) circuitry 508 and one or more antennas 510, coupled together at least as shown.
  • RF Radio Frequency
  • FEM front-end module
  • the components and the device 500 can be incorporated into other types of devices, including nodes, base stations (BS), eNodeBs and the like.
  • the application circuitry 502 can include one or more application processors.
  • the application circuitry 502 can include circuitry such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi-core processors.
  • the processor(s) can include any combination of general-purpose processors and dedicated processors (e.g., graphics processors, application processors, etc.).
  • the processors can be coupled with and/or can include memory/storage and can be configured to execute instructions stored in the memory/storage to enable various applications and/or operating systems to run on the system.
  • the baseband circuitry 504 can include circuitry such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi-core processors.
  • the baseband circuitry 504 can include one or more baseband processors and/or control logic to process baseband signals received from a receive signal path of the RF circuitry 506 and to generate baseband signals for a transmit signal path of the RF circuitry 506.
  • Baseband processing circuity 504 can interface with the application circuitry 502 for generation and processing of the baseband signals and for controlling operations of the RF circuitry 506.
  • the baseband circuitry 504 can include a second generation (2G) baseband processor 504a, third generation (3G) baseband processor 504b, fourth generation (4G) baseband processor 504c, and/or other baseband processor(s) 504d for other existing generations, generations in development or to be developed in the future (e.g., fifth generation (5G), 6G, etc.).
  • the baseband circuitry 504 e.g., one or more of baseband processors 504a-d
  • the radio control functions can include, but are not limited to, signal modulation/demodulation, encoding/decoding, radio frequency shifting, etc.
  • modulation/demodulation circuitry of the baseband circuitry 504 can include Fast-Fourier Transform (FFT), precoding, and/or constellation
  • encoding/decoding circuitry of the baseband circuitry 504 can include convolution, tail-biting convolution, turbo, Viterbi, and/or Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) encoder/decoder functionality.
  • LDPC Low Density Parity Check
  • the baseband circuitry 504 can include elements of a protocol stack such as, for example, elements of an evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (EUTRAN) protocol including, for example, physical (PHY), media access control (MAC), radio link control (RLC), packet data convergence protocol (PDCP), and/or radio resource control (RRC) elements.
  • EUTRAN evolved universal terrestrial radio access network
  • a central processing unit (CPU) 504e of the baseband circuitry 504 can be configured to run elements of the protocol stack for signaling of the PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP and/or RRC layers.
  • the baseband circuitry can include one or more audio digital signal processor(s) (DSP) 504f.
  • the audio DSP(s) 504f can be include elements for compression/decompression and echo cancellation and can include other suitable processing elements in other embodiments.
  • Components of the baseband circuitry can be suitably combined in a single chip, a single chipset, or disposed on a same circuit board in some embodiments.
  • some or all of the constituent components of the baseband circuitry 504 and the application circuitry 502 can be implemented together such as, for example, on a system on a chip (SOC).
  • SOC system on a chip
  • the baseband circuitry 504 can provide for
  • the baseband circuitry 504 can support communication with an evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (EUTRAN) and/or other wireless metropolitan area networks (WMAN), a wireless local area network (WLAN), a wireless personal area network (WPAN).
  • EUTRAN evolved universal terrestrial radio access network
  • WMAN wireless metropolitan area networks
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • WPAN wireless personal area network
  • multi-mode baseband circuitry Embodiments in which the baseband circuitry 504 is configured to support radio communications of more than one wireless protocol.
  • RF circuitry 506 can enable communication with wireless networks
  • the RF circuitry 506 can include switches, filters, amplifiers, etc. to facilitate the communication with the wireless network.
  • RF circuitry 506 can include a receive signal path which can include circuitry to down-convert RF signals received from the FEM circuitry 508 and provide baseband signals to the baseband circuitry 504.
  • RF circuitry 506 can also include a transmit signal path which can include circuitry to up- convert baseband signals provided by the baseband circuitry 504 and provide RF output signals to the FEM circuitry 508 for transmission.
  • the RF circuitry 506 can include a receive signal path and a transmit signal path.
  • the receive signal path of the RF circuitry 506 can include mixer circuitry 506a, amplifier circuitry 506b and filter circuitry 506c.
  • the transmit signal path of the RF circuitry 506 can include filter circuitry 506c and mixer circuitry 506a.
  • RF circuitry 506 can also include synthesizer circuitry 506d for synthesizing a frequency for use by the mixer circuitry 506a of the receive signal path and the transmit signal path.
  • the mixer circuitry 506a of the receive signal path can be configured to down-convert RF signals received from the FEM circuitry 508 based on the synthesized frequency provided by synthesizer circuitry 506d.
  • the amplifier circuitry 506b can be configured to amplify the down-converted signals and the filter circuitry 506c can be a low-pass filter (LPF) or band-pass filter (BPF) configured to remove unwanted signals from the down-converted signals to generate output baseband signals.
  • LPF low-pass filter
  • BPF band-pass filter
  • Output baseband signals can be provided to the baseband circuitry 504 for further processing.
  • the output baseband signals can be zero- frequency baseband signals, although this is not a requirement.
  • mixer circuitry 506a of the receive signal path can comprise passive mixers, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.
  • the mixer circuitry 506a of the transmit signal path can be configured to up-convert input baseband signals based on the synthesized frequency provided by the synthesizer circuitry 506d to generate RF output signals for the FEM circuitry 508.
  • the baseband signals can be provided by the baseband circuitry 504 and can be filtered by filter circuitry 506c.
  • the filter circuitry 506c can include a low-pass filter (LPF), although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.
  • the mixer circuitry 506a of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 506a of the transmit signal path can include two or more mixers and can be arranged for quadrature downconversion and/or upconversion respectively.
  • the mixer circuitry 506a of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 506a of the transmit signal path can include two or more mixers and can be arranged for image rejection (e.g., Hartley image rejection).
  • the mixer circuitry 506a of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 506a can be arranged for direct downconversion and/or direct upconversion, respectively.
  • the mixer circuitry 506a of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 506a of the transmit signal path can be configured for super-heterodyne operation.
  • the output baseband signals and the input baseband signals can be analog baseband signals, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.
  • the output baseband signals and the input baseband signals can be digital baseband signals.
  • the RF circuitry 506 can include analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and digital-to-analog converter (DAC) circuitry and the baseband circuitry 504 can include a digital baseband interface to communicate with the RF circuitry 506.
  • ADC analog-to-digital converter
  • DAC digital-to-analog converter
  • a separate radio IC circuitry can be provided for processing signals for each spectrum, although the scope of the
  • the synthesizer circuitry 506d can be a fractional-N synthesizer or a fractional N/N+8 synthesizer, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect as other types of frequency synthesizers can be suitable.
  • synthesizer circuitry 506d can be a delta-sigma synthesizer, a frequency multiplier, or a synthesizer comprising a phase-locked loop with a frequency divider.
  • the synthesizer circuitry 506d can be configured to synthesize an output frequency for use by the mixer circuitry 506a of the RF circuitry 506 based on a frequency input and a divider control input.
  • the synthesizer circuitry 506d can be a fractional N/N+8 synthesizer.
  • frequency input can be provided by a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO), although that is not a requirement.
  • VCO voltage controlled oscillator
  • Divider control input can be provided by either the baseband circuitry 504 or the applications processor 502 depending on the desired output frequency.
  • a divider control input e.g., N
  • N can be determined from a look-up table based on a channel indicated by the applications processor 502.
  • Synthesizer circuitry 506d of the RF circuitry 506 can include a divider, a delay-locked loop (DLL), a multiplexer and a phase accumulator.
  • DLL delay-locked loop
  • the divider can be a dual modulus divider (DMD) and the phase accumulator can be a digital phase accumulator (DPA).
  • DMD can be configured to divide the input signal by either N or N+8 (e.g., based on a carry out) to provide a fractional division ratio.
  • the DLL can include a set of cascaded, tunable, delay elements, a phase detector, a charge pump and a D-type flip-flop.
  • the delay elements can be configured to break a VCO period up into Nd equal packets of phase, where Nd is the number of delay elements in the delay line.
  • synthesizer circuitry 506d can be configured to generate a carrier frequency as the output frequency, while in other embodiments, the output frequency can be a multiple of the carrier frequency (e.g., twice the carrier frequency, four times the carrier frequency) and used in conjunction with quadrature generator and divider circuitry to generate multiple signals at the carrier frequency with multiple different phases with respect to each other.
  • the output frequency can be a LO frequency (f
  • the RF circuitry 506 can include an IQ/polar converter.
  • FEM circuitry 508 can include a receive signal path which can include circuitry configured to operate on RF signals received from one or more antennas 580, amplify the received signals and provide the amplified versions of the received signals to the RF circuitry 506 for further processing.
  • FEM circuitry 508 can also include a transmit signal path which can include circuitry configured to amplify signals for transmission provided by the RF circuitry 506 for transmission by one or more of the one or more antennas 510.
  • the FEM circuitry 508 can include a TX/RX switch to switch between transmit mode and receive mode operation.
  • the FEM circuitry can include a receive signal path and a transmit signal path.
  • the receive signal path of the FEM circuitry can include a low-noise amplifier (LNA) to amplify received RF signals and provide the amplified received RF signals as an output (e.g., to the RF circuitry 506).
  • LNA low-noise amplifier
  • the transmit signal path of the FEM circuitry 508 can include a power amplifier (PA) to amplify input RF signals (e.g., provided by RF circuitry 506), and one or more filters to generate RF signals for subsequent transmission (e.g., by one or more of the one or more antennas 580.
  • PA power amplifier
  • the UE device 500 can include additional elements such as, for example, memory/storage, display, camera, sensor, and/or input/output (I/O) interface.
  • additional elements such as, for example, memory/storage, display, camera, sensor, and/or input/output (I/O) interface.
  • RF Radio Frequency
  • FEM front-end module
  • Examples herein can include subject matter such as a method, means for performing acts or blocks of the method, at least one machine-readable medium including executable instructions that, when performed by a machine (e.g., a processor with memory or the like) cause the machine to perform acts of the method or of an apparatus or system for concurrent communication using multiple communication technologies according to embodiments and examples described.
  • a machine e.g., a processor with memory or the like
  • Example 1 is an apparatus configured to be employed within one or more nodes.
  • the apparatus includes control circuitry and a transceiver.
  • the control circuitry is configured identify a set of beam sector pairs using a sector level sweep (SLS) for directional communication, rank the set of beam sector pairs to generate a ranked set of beam sector pairs based on beam ranking criteria, and provide the ranked set of beam sector pairs to a second node.
  • SLS sector level sweep
  • the transceiver is configured to communicate with the second node using a primary beam pair of the ranked set of beam sector pairs.
  • Example 2 includes the subject matter of Example 1 , including or omitting optional elements, where the one or more nodes is a user equipment (UE) device.
  • UE user equipment
  • Example 3 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 1 -2, including or omitting optional elements, where the one or more nodes is a base station (BS).
  • BS base station
  • Example 4 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 1 -3, including or omitting optional elements, where the control circuitry is configured to detect blockage of the primary beam pair.
  • Example 5 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 1 -4, including or omitting optional elements, where the control circuitry is configured to predict blockage of the primary beam pair.
  • Example 6 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 1 -5, including or omitting optional elements, where the control circuitry is configured to select a secondary beam pair of the ranked set of beam sector pairs to replace the primary beam pair on a predicted blockage of the primary beam pair.
  • Example 7 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 1 -6, including or omitting optional elements, where the ranking criteria includes a received signal strength indicator (RSSI), spatial correlation and temporal correlation.
  • RSSI received signal strength indicator
  • Example 8 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 1 -7, including or omitting optional elements, where the directional communication is millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication.
  • mmWave millimeter-wave
  • Example 9 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 1 -8, including or omitting optional elements, where wherein the ranking criteria includes an average power.
  • Example 10 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 1 -9, including or omitting optional elements, where the ranking criteria includes spatial correlation.
  • Example 1 1 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 1 -1 0, including or omitting optional elements, where the ranking criteria additionally includes a cost of switching to an alternate beam pair.
  • Example 12 is an apparatus configured to be employed within one or more nodes.
  • the apparatus includes control circuitry and a transceiver.
  • the control circuitry is configured to rank a set of beam sector pairs to generate a ranked set of beam sector pairs based on beam ranking criteria, select a primary beam pair of the ranked set of beam second pairs to use for communication, predict blockage of the primary beam pair, and switch from the primary beam pair to a secondary beam pair of the ranked set of beam sector pairs based on a predicted blockage of the primary beam pair.
  • the transceiver is configured to communicate with a second node using the primary beam pair.
  • Example 13 includes the subject matter of Example 12, including or omitting optional elements, where the control circuitry is configured to predict the blockage of the primary beam pair by using a periodic blockage poll (B-POLL) and blockage response (B-RSP) procedure.
  • B-POLL periodic blockage poll
  • B-RSP blockage response
  • Example 14 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 12-13, including or omitting optional elements, where wherein the control circuitry is configured to predict the blockage of the primary beam pair based on a receive signal strength indicator (RSSI) of the primary beam pair falling below a threshold value.
  • RSSI receive signal strength indicator
  • Example 15 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 12-14, including or omitting optional elements, where the control circuitry is configured to predict the blockage of the primary beam pair based on a rate of change of receive signal strength indicator (RSSI) of the primary beam pair falling below a threshold value.
  • RSSI receive signal strength indicator
  • Example 16 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 12-15, including or omitting optional elements, where the control circuitry is configured to predict the blockage of the primary beam pair based on a shortened user equipment receive UE- RX signal at a beginning of a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH).
  • the control circuitry is configured to predict the blockage of the primary beam pair based on a shortened user equipment receive UE- RX signal at a beginning of a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH).
  • PDCCH physical downlink control channel
  • Example 17 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 12-16, including or omitting optional elements, where the control circuitry is configured to synchronize the secondary beam pair using a bi-directional message through a dynamic scheduling request (dSR).
  • Example 18 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 12-17, including or omitting optional elements, where the control circuitry is configured to synchronize the secondary beam pair using a timing advance.
  • Example 19 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 12-18, including or omitting optional elements, where the control circuitry is configured to use a cyclic prefix (CP) for synchronization of the secondary beam pair.
  • CP cyclic prefix
  • Example 20 is one or more computer-readable media having instructions that, when executed, cause one or more nodes to identify a set of beam sector pairs for directional communication, rank the set of beam sector pairs to generate a ranked set of beam sector pairs based on beam ranking criteria and select a primary beam of the ranked set of beam sector pairs.
  • Example 21 includes the subject matter of Example 20, including or omitting optional elements, further having instructions that, when executed, cause the one or more nodes to communicate using the primary beam.
  • Example 22 is an apparatus configured to be employed within one or more nodes.
  • the apparatus comprises a means to rank a set of beam sector pairs to generate a ranking set of beam sector pairs based on beam ranking criteria, a means to select a primary beam pair of the ranked set of beam sector pairs, and a means to switch from the primary beam pair to a secondary beam pair.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Dans la présente invention, un appareil est configuré pour être employé dans un ou plusieurs noeuds. Cet appareil comprend un circuit de commande et un émetteur-récepteur. Le circuit de commande est configuré pour identifier un ensemble de paires de secteurs de faisceau au moyen d'un balayage de niveau de secteur (SLS), pour classer l'ensemble de paires de secteurs de faisceau en vue de générer un ensemble classé de paires de secteurs de faisceau sur la base de critères de classement de faisceau, et pour fournir l'ensemble classé de paires de secteurs de faisceau à un second noeud. L'émetteur-récepteur est configuré pour communiquer avec le second noeud au moyen d'une paire de faisceaux primaires de l'ensemble classé de paires de secteurs de faisceau. Le circuit de commande des noeuds est en outre configuré pour détecter un blocage sur la paire de faisceaux primaires et pour commuter sur des paires de faisceaux de remplacement en fonction du classement échangé entre les noeuds de communication lors d'une détection de blocage.
PCT/US2017/025687 2016-08-19 2017-04-03 Prédiction et adaptation de faisceau permettant une atténuation du blocage Ceased WO2018034703A1 (fr)

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CN111565062A (zh) * 2020-04-15 2020-08-21 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 一种波束切换方法和装置
EP3726739A1 (fr) * 2019-04-18 2020-10-21 IHP GmbH - Innovations for High Performance Microelectronics / Leibniz-Institut für innovative Mikroelektronik Formation de faisceaux de fréquence radio assistée par mémoire pour canaux mimo
CN112335281A (zh) * 2018-06-25 2021-02-05 瑞典爱立信有限公司 在无线网络中处理波束对
CN113630887A (zh) * 2021-09-16 2021-11-09 中南大学 一种基于在线学习的毫米波网络的车联网通信方法
US11211989B2 (en) * 2017-03-17 2021-12-28 JRD Communication (Shenzhen) Ltd. Methods and nodes for beam adjustment
US20220149927A1 (en) * 2019-08-22 2022-05-12 Oneplus Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. Beam switching method, mobile terminal, and storage medium
US20220394644A1 (en) * 2019-03-06 2022-12-08 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Wireless communication device for correcting offset between base station and wireless communication device and method of operating the same
WO2024011337A1 (fr) * 2022-07-11 2024-01-18 Qualcomm Incorporated Prédiction d'événement de blocage de faisceau

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Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11211989B2 (en) * 2017-03-17 2021-12-28 JRD Communication (Shenzhen) Ltd. Methods and nodes for beam adjustment
CN112335281A (zh) * 2018-06-25 2021-02-05 瑞典爱立信有限公司 在无线网络中处理波束对
EP3811658A4 (fr) * 2018-06-25 2022-02-16 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Gestion de paires de faisceaux dans un réseau sans fil
CN109034371A (zh) * 2018-06-27 2018-12-18 北京文安智能技术股份有限公司 一种深度学习模型推理期加速方法、装置及系统
US20220394644A1 (en) * 2019-03-06 2022-12-08 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Wireless communication device for correcting offset between base station and wireless communication device and method of operating the same
WO2020212590A1 (fr) * 2019-04-18 2020-10-22 Ihp Gmbh - Innovations For High Performance Microelectronics / Leibniz-Institut Für Innovative Mikroelektronik Apprentissage de faisceau radiofréquence assisté par mémoire pour canaux mimo
EP3726739A1 (fr) * 2019-04-18 2020-10-21 IHP GmbH - Innovations for High Performance Microelectronics / Leibniz-Institut für innovative Mikroelektronik Formation de faisceaux de fréquence radio assistée par mémoire pour canaux mimo
US20220149927A1 (en) * 2019-08-22 2022-05-12 Oneplus Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. Beam switching method, mobile terminal, and storage medium
CN111565062A (zh) * 2020-04-15 2020-08-21 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 一种波束切换方法和装置
CN111565062B (zh) * 2020-04-15 2023-03-17 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 一种波束切换方法和装置
CN113630887A (zh) * 2021-09-16 2021-11-09 中南大学 一种基于在线学习的毫米波网络的车联网通信方法
CN113630887B (zh) * 2021-09-16 2024-02-09 中南大学 一种基于在线学习的毫米波网络的车联网通信方法
WO2024011337A1 (fr) * 2022-07-11 2024-01-18 Qualcomm Incorporated Prédiction d'événement de blocage de faisceau

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