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WO2018030424A1 - Système de mesure, dispositif de mesure, procédé de mesure et programme de commande - Google Patents

Système de mesure, dispositif de mesure, procédé de mesure et programme de commande Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018030424A1
WO2018030424A1 PCT/JP2017/028813 JP2017028813W WO2018030424A1 WO 2018030424 A1 WO2018030424 A1 WO 2018030424A1 JP 2017028813 W JP2017028813 W JP 2017028813W WO 2018030424 A1 WO2018030424 A1 WO 2018030424A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
subject
movement
movement information
timing
waist
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Ceased
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PCT/JP2017/028813
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
鳴尾　丈司
翔平 柴田
清水　雄一
誠 内島
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Mizuno Corp
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Mizuno Corp
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Priority to JP2017562378A priority Critical patent/JP6283776B1/ja
Publication of WO2018030424A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018030424A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B69/00—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B71/00—Games or sports accessories not covered in groups A63B1/00 - A63B69/00
    • A63B71/06—Indicating or scoring devices for games or players, or for other sports activities

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to a technique for measuring a subject's movement.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a batting analysis support system that supports batter batting analysis. This system supports the analysis of batter's batting using a pitcher and batter's battle video shot from different 1st to nth directions in a game such as baseball.
  • Patent Document 1 it is said that batter batting can be quickly analyzed by using a battle video between a pitcher and a batter.
  • the frame rate is not sufficient and the analysis accuracy is low in the video captured by a normal camera.
  • a high-speed camera with a sufficient frame rate is too large to measure easily.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and is a measurement system, a measurement device, a measurement method, and a measurement system that can easily notify a subject of movement characteristics of the subject with respect to an object.
  • An object is to provide a control program.
  • a measurement system for measuring a subject's movement relative to an object is provided.
  • the measurement system is attached to the partner of the subject or the target, and a first detection unit capable of detecting first motion information related to the motion of the partner when the target is released from the partner toward the subject;
  • Based on the second detection means attached to the subject's waist and capable of detecting second motion information relating to the subject's waist movement relative to the object, the first motion information and the second motion information Processing means for calculating the motion evaluation parameter and output means for outputting the evaluation parameter obtained by the processing means are provided.
  • the processing means calculates a first timing at which the object is released based on the first movement information, and the waist of the subject starts with respect to the object based on the second movement information.
  • a second timing is calculated, and a time difference between the first timing and the second timing is calculated as an evaluation parameter.
  • the first movement information includes acceleration in a direction in which the object is released.
  • the second movement information includes an angular velocity around the body axis of the subject.
  • the first timing is the time when the absolute value of the acceleration reaches the first threshold value.
  • the second timing is the time when the absolute value of the angular velocity reaches the second threshold value.
  • a measurement system for measuring a movement of a subject relative to an object during a swing.
  • the measurement system is attached to a partner or an object of the subject, and a first detection means capable of detecting first movement information regarding the movement of the partner when the object is released from the partner toward the subject, and the subject
  • a second detection means that is attached to a grip end of a ball hitting tool used by the subject's back part or the subject, and capable of detecting second movement information relating to the movement of the back when the subject swings with respect to the object;
  • processing means for obtaining a swing evaluation parameter by the subject and output means for outputting the evaluation parameter obtained by the processing means are provided.
  • the processing means calculates a first timing at which the object is released based on the first movement information, and when the subject swings based on the second movement information, the back part of the subject Is calculated, and a time difference between the first timing and the second timing is calculated as an evaluation parameter.
  • the first movement information includes an acceleration in a direction in which the object is fired or a direction in which the object is thrown.
  • the second motion information includes acceleration in at least one of the three axial directions in the subject.
  • the first timing is the time when the absolute value of the acceleration reaches the first threshold value.
  • the second timing is the time when the absolute value of the combined acceleration in at least one axial direction reaches the second threshold value.
  • a measurement system for measuring a subject's movement relative to an object is provided.
  • a first detection means that is attached to the partner or object of the subject and capable of detecting first movement information relating to the movement of the partner when the object is released from the partner toward the subject;
  • a second detection means attached to the predetermined part and capable of detecting second movement information relating to the movement of the predetermined part of the subject relative to the object; and
  • a third detection part attached to the waist of the subject and related to the movement of the subject's waist relative to the object.
  • Processing means for obtaining a plurality of evaluation parameters of the swing by the subject based on the third detection means capable of detecting the movement information of the first movement information, the first movement information, the second movement information, and the third movement information And an output means for outputting a plurality of evaluation parameters obtained by the processing means.
  • the processing means calculates a first timing at which the object is released based on the first movement information, and a predetermined part of the subject is started with respect to the object based on the second movement information. Second timing is calculated, and based on the third movement information, a third timing at which the subject's waist is started with respect to the object is calculated.
  • the first evaluation parameter the first timing and the second timing are calculated. A first time difference from the second timing is calculated, and a second time difference between the first timing and the third timing is calculated as a second evaluation parameter.
  • the first movement information includes acceleration in a direction in which the object is released.
  • the second motion information includes acceleration in at least one of the three axial directions of the predetermined part of the subject.
  • the third movement information includes an angular velocity around the body axis of the subject.
  • the first timing is the time when the absolute value of the acceleration reaches the first threshold value.
  • the second timing is the time when the absolute value of the combined acceleration in at least one axial direction reaches the second threshold value.
  • the third timing is the time when the absolute value of the angular velocity reaches the third threshold value.
  • the processing means evaluates the behavior level of the subject based on the evaluation parameter acquired from the subject and a predetermined rule.
  • the output means further outputs the operation level.
  • a measuring device is provided that is attached to the waist of the subject and measures the subject's movement relative to the object.
  • the measuring device relates to a first input means for receiving input of first movement information related to a movement of the opponent when the object is released from the opponent side of the subject toward the subject, and a movement of the waist of the subject relative to the object.
  • the processing means Based on the detection means capable of detecting the second motion information, the first motion information, and the second motion information, the processing means for obtaining the evaluation parameter of the swing by the subject, the evaluation parameter obtained by the processing means Output means for outputting.
  • a measuring device is provided that is attached to the waist of the subject and measures the subject's movement relative to the object.
  • a first input means for receiving input of first movement information relating to the movement of the other party when the object is released from the other party of the subject toward the subject, and a second movement relating to the movement of the waist of the subject relative to the object Detection means capable of detecting information, second input means for accepting input of third movement information relating to movement of a predetermined part other than the waist of the subject relative to the object, first movement information, and second movement information
  • processing means for obtaining a plurality of evaluation parameters of the subject's movement based on the third movement information, and output means for outputting the evaluation parameters obtained by the processing means.
  • a measurement method for measuring the movement of a subject relative to an object is provided.
  • a control program that is attached to the waist of the subject and executed by a computer of a measuring device for measuring the subject's movement relative to the object.
  • the control program receives the input of the first movement information relating to the movement of the opponent when the object is released from the opponent side of the subject toward the subject, and the control program includes a step relating to the movement of the waist of the subject relative to the object. Detecting the motion information of the subject, determining the motion evaluation parameter of the subject based on the first motion information and the second motion information, and outputting the evaluation parameter.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration of a terminal device according to the first embodiment.
  • 3 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration of each sensor device according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the calculation method of the evaluation parameter calculated from several motion information. It is a figure which shows the tendency of the time difference with an expert and an unskilled person.
  • 3 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the sensor device according to the first embodiment.
  • 6 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the terminal device according to the first embodiment. It is a figure which shows the whole structure of the measurement system according to Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. It is a figure which shows the hardware constitutions of the terminal device according to Embodiment 2.
  • 6 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of a terminal device according to the second embodiment. It is a figure which shows the time change of the acceleration acquired by the sensor apparatus incorporated in the ball
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of a measurement system 1 according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a relative coordinate system set on the right back of the batter.
  • FIG. 2A is a diagram illustrating a relative coordinate system when viewed from the right back side of the batter.
  • FIG. 2B is a diagram illustrating a relative coordinate system when viewed from the side of the right back of the batter.
  • the “back” part is the back part of the hand including the wrist including the radius and the ulna to the base of the fifth finger.
  • the measurement system 1 for measuring a subject's movement at the time of a swing was attached to the terminal device 10, the sensor device 20 attached to the pitching machine 22, and the back of the subject (batter). It includes a sensor device 30 and a sensor device 40 attached to the waist of the batter.
  • the subject is a left-handed batter.
  • an object (ball) is released (fired) toward the batter from the pitching machine 22 side and the batter swings the hitting tool (here, the bat) against the ball.
  • the terminal device 10 is a smartphone.
  • the terminal device 10 can be realized as an arbitrary device regardless of the type.
  • the terminal device 10 may be a tablet terminal, a PDA (Personal Digital Assistance), a notebook PC (personal computer), a desktop PC, or the like.
  • the terminal device 10 is configured to be capable of wireless communication with the sensor devices 20, 30, and 40.
  • the terminal device 10 communicates with the sensor devices 20, 30, and 40 using Bluetooth (registered trademark), wireless LAN (Local Area Network), infrared communication, or the like.
  • the terminal device 10 may be configured to be capable of wired communication using USB (Universal Serial Bus) or the like.
  • the terminal device 10 receives the motion information of the pitching machine 22 transmitted from the sensor device 20, and receives the motion information of the batter transmitted from each of the sensor device 30 and the sensor device 40.
  • the terminal device 10 executes a predetermined process based on the movement information and displays the processing result on the display.
  • the sensor device 20 includes an acceleration sensor capable of measuring acceleration in directions of three axes orthogonal to each other (a-axis, b-axis, and c-axis in FIG. 1).
  • the sensor device 20 may include an angular velocity sensor that can measure angular velocities about three axes orthogonal to each other (a-axis, b-axis, and c-axis in FIG. 1).
  • the sensor device 30 includes an angular velocity sensor capable of measuring angular velocities around three axes orthogonal to each other (X axis, Y axis, and Z axis in FIG. 2) and three axes orthogonal to each other (X axis, Y axis, and Z axis in FIG. 2). And an acceleration sensor capable of measuring acceleration in the (axis) direction.
  • the sensor device 40 includes an angular velocity sensor capable of measuring angular velocities around three axes orthogonal to each other (X axis, Y axis, and Z axis in FIG. 1) and three axes orthogonal to each other (X axis, Y axis, and Z axis in FIG. 1). And an acceleration sensor capable of measuring acceleration in the (axis) direction.
  • the sensor device 20 is configured such that one of the three axes (a-axis, b-axis, and c-axis in FIG. 1) of the acceleration sensor faces the ball firing direction (a-axis in FIG. 1).
  • it is attached to the pitching machine 22 via an attachment member (not shown).
  • the b axis is set as an axis extending in a direction parallel to the ground
  • the c axis is set as an axis extending in a direction perpendicular to the a axis and the b axis.
  • the mounting member is configured to fix the sensor device 20 to the pitching machine 22 along a predetermined direction.
  • the sensor device 20 attached to the pitching machine 22 is configured to be able to acquire movement information regarding the movement of the pitching machine 22 when the ball is released (launched).
  • the movement information includes accelerations in the directions of the three axes (a-axis, b-axis, and c-axis in FIG. 1) at the attachment location of the pitching machine 22.
  • the sensor device 40 has a waist attachment member (illustrated) so that one of the three axes in the angular velocity sensor and the acceleration sensor faces the body axis direction of the batter (X axis in FIG. 1: an axis extending from the waist to the head). Not attached) to the batter's waist.
  • the Y axis is set as an axis extending in the batter's swing direction
  • the Z axis is set as an axis extending in the direction perpendicular to the X axis and the Y axis.
  • the swing direction is a direction in which the ball is launched (hit ball direction).
  • the waist attachment member is configured to fix the sensor device 40 to the batter waist along a predetermined direction.
  • the sensor device 40 attached to the waist of the batter is configured to be able to acquire movement information regarding the movement of the waist during the swing of the batter.
  • this motion information includes angular velocities and accelerations in the three-axis directions around the three axes (X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis in FIG. 1) at the waist.
  • the sensor device 30 is configured so that one of the three axes in the angular velocity sensor and the acceleration sensor is directed to an axis extending from the center of the batter's palm toward the middle finger (the X axis in FIG. 2). It is attached to the back of the batter via an attachment member (not shown).
  • the Y axis is set as an axis extending in the width direction of the batter's palm orthogonal to the Z axis
  • the Z axis is set as an axis extending in the direction orthogonal to the back (axis extending from the palm to the back).
  • the back attachment member is configured to fix the sensor device 30 to the back of the batter along a predetermined direction.
  • the sensor device 30 attached to the back of the batter is configured to be able to acquire movement information related to the movement of the back during the swing of the batter.
  • the movement information includes angular velocities and accelerations in the three-axis directions around the three axes on the back (X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis in FIG. 2).
  • the measurement may be performed by attaching the sensor device 30 to either the right hand back or the left back regardless of the right-handed batter or the left-handed batter.
  • the sensor devices 20, 30, and 40 are in time synchronization with each other.
  • the terminal device 10 generates a synchronization signal for time synchronization and transmits the synchronization signal to each of the sensor devices 20, 30, and 40.
  • related with each sensor data acquired in each sensor apparatus 20,30,40 are synchronized.
  • achieves the time synchronization in the sensor apparatuses 20, 30, and 40 using another well-known method may be sufficient.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart for illustrating an operation outline of measurement system 1 according to the first embodiment.
  • sensor device 20 has information on movement of pitching machine 22 when a ball is launched from the pitching machine 22 side toward a subject (batter). Acceleration data at the mounting position) is detected (acquired) (step S100).
  • the sensor device 30 acquires movement information (acceleration data) on the batter's back (step S110). Further, the sensor device 40 acquires movement information (angular velocity data) on the batter's waist (step S120).
  • the bat may be any bat such as one prepared by the batter itself or one prepared by another person.
  • each of the sensor devices 20, 30, and 40 transmits the acquired motion information to the terminal device 10 (step S130).
  • the terminal device 10 receives the motion information transmitted from each of the sensor devices 20, 30, and 40, and calculates at least one evaluation parameter for evaluating the batter's swing based on each motion information. (Step S140).
  • the terminal device 10 outputs the calculated at least one evaluation parameter (step S150). Specifically, the terminal device 10 displays the evaluation parameter on a display.
  • the terminal device 10 may evaluate the batter's swing level based on the evaluation parameter and a predetermined rule, and may display the swing level together with the evaluation parameter on the display.
  • the predetermined rule is a swing evaluation level created for each evaluation parameter according to the value of the evaluation parameter.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration of terminal apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment.
  • terminal device 10 includes, as main components, CPU (Central Processing Unit) 102, memory 104, touch panel 106, button 108, display 110, wireless communication unit 112, and communication antenna. 113, a memory interface (I / F) 114, a speaker 116, a microphone 118, and a communication interface (I / F) 120.
  • CPU Central Processing Unit
  • CPU102 controls the operation
  • the memory 104 is realized by a RAM (Random Access Memory), a ROM (Read-Only Memory), a flash memory, or the like.
  • the memory 104 stores a program executed by the CPU 102 or data used by the CPU 102.
  • the touch panel 106 is provided on the display 110 having a function as a display unit, and may be any type such as a resistance film method and a capacitance method.
  • the button 108 is arranged on the surface of the terminal device 10, receives an instruction from the user, and inputs the instruction to the CPU 102.
  • the wireless communication unit 112 connects to the mobile communication network via the communication antenna 113 and transmits and receives signals for wireless communication. Thereby, the terminal device 10 can communicate with a predetermined communication device via a mobile communication network such as LTE (Long Term Evolution).
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • the memory interface (I / F) 114 reads data from the external storage medium 115.
  • the CPU 102 reads out data stored in the external storage medium 115 via the memory interface 114 and stores the data in the memory 104.
  • the CPU 102 reads data from the memory 104 and stores the data in an external storage medium 115 via the memory interface 114.
  • CD Compact Disc
  • DVD Digital Versatile Disk
  • BD Blu-ray (registered trademark) Disc
  • USB Universal Serial Bus
  • memory card memory card
  • FD Fexible Disk
  • Speaker 116 outputs sound based on a command from CPU 102.
  • the microphone 118 receives an utterance from the terminal device 10.
  • the communication interface (I / F) 120 is, for example, a communication interface for transmitting / receiving data to / from the sensor devices 20, 30, 40, and is realized by an adapter, a connector, or the like.
  • the communication method is, for example, Bluetooth (registered trademark), wireless communication using a wireless LAN, or wired communication using USB.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration of sensor devices 20, 30, and 40 according to the first embodiment.
  • sensor devices 20, 30, and 40 include, as main components, CPU 202 for executing various processes, a memory 204 for storing programs executed by CPU 202, motion information, and the like.
  • An acceleration sensor 206 capable of measuring acceleration in three axes
  • an angular velocity sensor 208 capable of measuring angular velocities around each of the three axes
  • a communication interface (I / F) 210 for communicating with the terminal device 10
  • a sensor And a storage battery 212 that supplies power to the various components of the devices 20, 30, 40.
  • the batter needs to swing by looking at the pitch type, speed, and course thrown by the pitcher.
  • the time it takes for the ball thrown (released) from the pitcher to reach the batter's hitting position depends on the speed and the type of ball, but it is about 0.4 to 0.6 seconds. About short. Therefore, if the batter's swing start timing is slightly deviated, a swing delay or the like will occur and it will not be possible to hit well. Therefore, in evaluating the batter's swing, the start timing is an extremely important index.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a calculation method of evaluation parameters calculated from a plurality of motion information.
  • FIG. 6A is a diagram illustrating temporal changes in a plurality of pieces of motion information when the subject is a baseball expert.
  • FIG. 6B is a diagram showing temporal changes of a plurality of pieces of motion information when the subject is an unskilled baseball player.
  • the horizontal axis indicates time (ms)
  • the vertical axis (left side) indicates acceleration (G)
  • the vertical axis (right side) indicates angular velocity (deg / s).
  • batters with baseball experience of 3 years or more are selected as “experts”, and batters of less than 3 years are selected as “unskilled persons”.
  • Graphs 61A and 61B (solid lines) in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b) indicate accelerations in the ball firing direction (a-axis direction in FIG. 1) in the pitching machine 22.
  • FIG. The original data of the graphs 61A and 61B are acquired by the sensor device 20.
  • Graphs 62A and 62B (one-dot chain lines) indicate the combined accelerations in the three-axis directions in the backs of skilled and unskilled workers, respectively.
  • the original data of the graphs 62A and 62B is acquired by the sensor device 30.
  • Graphs 63A and 63B (dotted lines) indicate angular velocities around the body axis (X axis in FIG. 1) in the waist of the skilled and unskilled persons, respectively.
  • the original data of the graphs 63A and 63B is acquired by the sensor device 40.
  • the terminal device 10 calculates the timing (launch timing) at which the ball is fired based on the motion information acquired by the sensor device 20. Based on the movement information acquired by the sensor device 30, the terminal device 10 calculates the timing (back portion start timing) at which the back portion of the batter starts when the batter swings. Based on the movement information acquired by the sensor device 40, the terminal device 10 calculates the timing at which the waist of the batter starts when the batter swings (waist start timing).
  • the terminal device 10 calculates a time difference between the launch timing and the back part start timing as the evaluation parameter P1, and calculates a time difference between the launch timing and the waist start timing as the evaluation parameter P2.
  • the firing timing, the threshold Th1 absolute value of the acceleration of the firing direction of the ball which is measured by the sensor device 20 (e.g., 10G) is the time T 1 has been reached.
  • Hand-back part start timing, the absolute value of the threshold Th2 synthetic acceleration in hand-back portion which is measured by the sensor device 30 (e.g., 8G) is time T 2, which has reached the. Therefore, the evaluation parameter P1 is a time difference T 12 between the time T 1 and time T 2.
  • the absolute value of the angular velocity around the body axis of the lumbar measured by the sensor unit 40 is the threshold value Th3 (e.g., 230deg / s) is the time T 3 has been reached. Therefore, the evaluation parameter P2 is a time difference T 13 between the time T 1 and time T 3.
  • the time T 1 is a firing timing shows the moment of time when the ball toward from the pitching machine 22 to the batter is fired (release). At the moment when the ball is fired from the pitching machine 22, a large amount of momentum is lost, so that a reaction acts and the acceleration in the firing direction changes abruptly. For this reason, the time T 1 at which the acceleration is abruptly changed and exceeds the threshold value (the absolute value of the acceleration has reached the threshold value Th1) can be regarded as the time when the ball is launched.
  • the threshold value Th1 is set to a value that can be regarded as a steep change in acceleration accompanying the ball firing, and is set to 10G, for example.
  • the setting method of threshold value Th1 may be set by actually measuring the acceleration obtained when the pitching machine 22 launches the ball, or may be set by simulation or the like.
  • Time T 2 a hand-back part start timing, relative to the ball that is launched toward the batter from pitching machine 22 shows the starting time of the hand-back portion when the subject swings.
  • the time T 2 at which the combined acceleration in the three-axis direction (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “three-axis combined acceleration”) is abruptly changed to a threshold value or more (the absolute value of the acceleration has reached the threshold value Th2) is The swing start time when attention is paid to the back of the batter can be considered.
  • the use of the three-axis composite acceleration is practical because it is not necessary to consider the displacement of the mounting direction of the acceleration sensor or the mounting direction during use.
  • Threshold value Th2 is set to a value that can be regarded as a steep change in acceleration due to the batter's swing motion, and is set to 8G, for example. Note that the threshold Th2 may be set in advance by actually measuring the acceleration of the back obtained at the start of the batter's swing, or may be set in advance by simulation or the like.
  • Time T 3 is a waist starting timing, relative to the ball that is launched toward the batter from pitching machine 22, batter indicates the starting time of the waist at the time of swing. Specifically, when the batter starts swinging, a large angular velocity is generated due to the rotational motion around the body axis at the waist. Therefore, angular velocity about the body axis is equal to or higher than are abruptly changes the threshold (absolute value of the angular velocity reaches the threshold value Th3) time T 3 shall be regarded as the swing start time when attention is directed to batter the waist Can do.
  • Threshold value Th3 is set to a value that can be regarded as a steep change in angular velocity due to the batter's swing motion, and is set to, for example, 230 deg / s.
  • the threshold value Th3 may be set in advance by actually measuring the angular velocity of the waist that occurs at the start of the batter's swing, or may be set in advance by simulation or the like.
  • Table 1 shows time difference data for a plurality of skilled and unskilled persons.
  • no. 1-No. 8 experts up to 8 and no. 9-No. By swinging the unskilled of six to 14, as a result of the time difference T 12 and the time difference T 13 of each measured is shown.
  • the measurement results of the time difference T 12, T 13 in the batter shown in Table 1 is the average of four times the time difference T 12, T 13, which is measured when each batter swings 4 times.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the tendency of the time difference between the skilled person and the unskilled person. Specifically, the contents of FIG. 7 correspond to the contents of Table 2 shown as a graph. Referring to Table 2 and FIG. 7, it is than unskilled skill, 41.6Ms short, it can be seen that 41.8ms short in average time difference T 13 at an average time difference T 12. Further, the time differences T 12 and T 13 were significantly different between skilled and unskilled workers at a statistical 5% significance level. From this, it can be said that the expert has started significantly in both the back part and the waist part in a short time. Therefore, the time difference T 12 and the time difference T 13 can be used as a parameter for evaluating the swing (skill).
  • discrimination rate Pe erroneous With Mahalanobis squared distance D 2 may be expressed as the following equation (2).
  • ⁇ indicates the lower probability of the standard normal distribution.
  • the overall correct discrimination rate is 78.6%. .
  • the discriminant function is considered valid. Therefore, it can be determined that the discriminant function is valid. That is, it can be said that whether or not the value of Z is positive is an effective index for identifying whether the person is an expert or an unskilled person.
  • the positive discrimination rate (78.6%) is relatively close to the positive discrimination rate (84.6%) estimated when Mahalanobis square distance is used.
  • this is a method of determining an average value of time differences between skilled and unskilled persons as a threshold value.
  • the positive discrimination rate is higher when the reaction time (time difference T 13 ) at the waist is confirmed, a relatively high positive discrimination rate is also obtained by the discrimination method at the back. Moreover, since evaluation at the back part is excellent in simplicity, it can be said that it is effective from the viewpoint of simple measurement.
  • a rule for determining the proficiency (swing level) of the subject's swing may be created using the above-described determination method. Specifically, when using the discriminant function, the measured time differences T 12 and T 13 are substituted into the equation (1), and when Z ⁇ 0, the subject is determined to be “expert” and Z In the case of ⁇ 0, a rule for determining the subject as “unskilled” can be considered.
  • T 12 ⁇ U1 determines "skill" the subject when the T 13 ⁇ U2 is satisfied, otherwise the It may be a rule for determining a subject as an “unskilled person”.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the sensor device 20 according to the first embodiment. The following steps are realized by the CPU 202 executing a program stored in the memory 204.
  • the sensor device 20 is attached to a predetermined attachment location of the pitching machine 22, and the power switch of the sensor device 20 is turned on (step S10).
  • the CPU 202 uses the ball firing direction (hereinafter also referred to as “PM information”) as the movement information (hereinafter also referred to as “PM information”) of the attachment location of the pitching machine 22.
  • the acceleration in the a-axis direction in FIG. 1 is acquired (step S11). Specifically, the CPU 202 receives an input of a signal corresponding to the acceleration by the acceleration sensor 206. The CPU 202 acquires PM information by calculating the acceleration based on the input signal.
  • the CPU 202 transmits the PM information acquired via the communication interface 210 to the terminal device 10 (step S12), and ends the process.
  • step S11 the CPU 202 controls the back of the batter when swinging.
  • the movement information (back information) is acquired.
  • the CPU 202 transmits the back information acquired via the communication interface 210 to the terminal device 10.
  • the back information includes accelerations in the three axis directions of the back of the batter.
  • the power switch of the sensor device 40 attached to the back of the batter is turned on in the above step S10, and in the above step S11, the CPU 202 performs the operation when the batter swings.
  • Acquire waist movement information (waist information).
  • the CPU 202 transmits the waist information acquired via the communication interface 210 to the terminal device 10.
  • the waist information includes an angular velocity around the body axis of the batter's waist (around the X axis in FIG. 1).
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of terminal apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment. The following steps are realized by the CPU 102 executing a program stored in the memory 104.
  • CPU 102 of terminal device 10 receives PM information from sensor device 20 via communication interface 120 (step S21). Subsequently, the CPU 102 determines whether or not the back information has been received from the sensor device 30 via the communication interface 120 (step S23). When the back information is received (YES in step S23), CPU 102 determines whether or not waist information has been received from sensor device 40 (step S25).
  • the CPU 102 evaluates the evaluation parameter based on the received PM information, the back information, and the waist information. as calculates the time difference T 12 and the time difference T 13 (step S27), and executes the processing of step S35 to be described later.
  • step S27 Based on the acceleration in the firing direction of the ball included in the PM information and the acceleration in the triaxial direction in the back part included in the back information, the CPU 102 determines the time T when the absolute value of the acceleration in the firing direction reaches the threshold Th1. 1 and, 3 the absolute value of the axial direction of the resultant acceleration calculates the time difference T 12 between the time T 2, which reaches the threshold value Th2. Further, the CPU 102 determines the time T 1 when the absolute value of the acceleration in the firing direction reaches the threshold Th1 based on the acceleration in the firing direction of the ball included in the PM information and the angular velocity around the body axis included in the waist information. If, to calculate the time difference T 13 between the time T 3 of the angular velocity reaches the threshold value Th3.
  • step S25 when the waist information is not received (that is, only the back information is received) (NO in step S25), the CPU 102 uses the time difference T as an evaluation parameter based on the received back information. 12 is calculated (step S29), and the process of step S35 described later is executed.
  • step S31 receives the lumbar information when (i.e., is receiving only the lumbar information) (YES in step S31), CPU 102 calculates the time difference T 13 (step S33), processing in step S35 to be described later Execute.
  • the CPU 102 ends the process without executing the process of step S35.
  • the CPU 102 outputs the calculated result (step S35). Specifically, when calculating the time differences T 12 and T 13 in step S27, the CPU 102 displays these evaluation parameters on the display 110. CPU102, when calculates the time difference T 12 in step S29, displays this evaluation parameters on the display 110. Further, CPU 102, when calculates the time difference T 13 in step S33, displays this evaluation parameters on the display 110.
  • the CPU 102 may evaluate the swing level of the subject from the calculated result and display the evaluation result on the display 110. Specifically, the CPU 102 determines whether the subject's swing level is the “expert” level or the “unskilled” level based on at least one of the calculated time difference T 12 and time difference T 13 and the rule described above. And the evaluation result (swing level) is displayed on the display 110.
  • CPU102 may display each evaluation result separately, and may display one evaluation result combining each evaluation result. That is, any display mode that can notify the subject of his / her swing level may be used.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of the measurement system 2 according to the second embodiment.
  • the measurement system 2 includes a terminal device 10A attached to the waist of the batter, a sensor device 20 attached to the pitching machine 22, and a sensor device 30 attached to the back of the batter.
  • the terminal device 10A is attached to the waist of the batter via a waist attachment member instead of the sensor device 40 in the first embodiment. Therefore, the terminal device 10A is preferably a portable device such as a smartphone or a tablet terminal. That is, the terminal device 10A is attached to the waist of the batter and functions as a measurement device for measuring the movement of the batter.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a hardware configuration of terminal apparatus 10A according to the second embodiment.
  • the terminal device 10A includes, as main components, a CPU 102, a memory 104, a touch panel 106, a button 108, a display 110, a wireless communication unit 112, a communication antenna 113, a memory interface (I / F) 114, A speaker 116, a communication interface (I / F) 118, a microphone 118, an acceleration sensor 206, and an angular velocity sensor 208 are included.
  • the acceleration sensor 206 and the angular velocity sensor 208 function as a detection unit capable of acquiring movement information related to the movement of the waist during the swing of the subject. Since the other configuration of terminal device 10A is the same as the configuration of terminal device 10 shown in FIG. 4, detailed description thereof will not be repeated.
  • FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of terminal apparatus 10A according to the second embodiment. The following steps are realized by the CPU 102 executing a program stored in the memory 104.
  • the terminal device 10A is attached to the waist of the batter, and the power switch of the terminal device 10A is turned on (step S41). Subsequently, the CPU 102 of the terminal device 10A receives PM information from the sensor device 20 via the communication interface 120 (step S43).
  • the CPU 102 acquires the angular velocity around the body axis included in the waist information at the time of the batter's swing via the angular velocity sensor 208 (step S45).
  • the CPU 102 determines whether or not the back information acquired by the sensor device 30 attached to the back of the batter is received via the communication interface 120 (step S47).
  • the CPU 102 calculates the time differences T 12 and T 13 based on the PM information, the waist information, and the back information (step S49). And CPU102 displays the calculation result (step S53), and complete
  • CPU 102 In contrast, in the case of not receiving the hand-back information (NO in step S47), CPU 102, based on the PM information and lumbar information, it calculates the time difference T 13 (step S51), the calculation result Displayed (step S53). Then, the CPU 102 ends the process.
  • the terminal device 10A is attached to the waist of the batter.
  • the terminal device 10A may be attached to the back instead of the sensor device 30 in the first embodiment.
  • the sensor device 40 is attached to the waist of the batter. Then, the terminal device 10A calculates at least one evaluation parameter based on the acquired back information and the waist information received from the sensor device 40.
  • the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the sensor device may be attached only to the back of the subject (or only the waist), the time difference T 12 (or time difference T 13 ) may be calculated, and the calculation result may be output.
  • the configuration in which the ball is fired from the pitching machine 22 has been described, but is not limited thereto.
  • a configuration in which a person (pitcher) throws a ball toward a subject instead of a pitching machine may be used.
  • the sensor device 20 is attached to the back part of the pitcher, and acquires the acceleration in the direction in which the ball is thrown by the pitcher.
  • the subject's opponent may be a person (pitcher) and is not limited to a device (pitching machine).
  • the configuration in which the sensor device 20 is attached to the pitching machine 22 has been described, but is not limited thereto.
  • the sensor device 20 may be configured to be attached to the inside of the ball (that is, a configuration built in the ball).
  • the pitcher in order to match the direction of one of the three axial directions (for example, the a axis) of the acceleration sensor with the direction in which the ball is thrown, for example, the pitcher can grasp the direction of the a axis direction. A mark is placed and the pitcher throws the ball in the a-axis direction. Thereby, the timing at which the ball is released (that is, the release timing of the ball) can be calculated as the time when the absolute value of the acceleration in the direction in which the ball is released (here, the a-axis direction) reaches the threshold Th1.
  • the timing at which the ball is released may be calculated by the following method.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the time change of the acceleration acquired by the sensor device 20 built in the ball.
  • the acceleration shown in FIG. 13 is any one of the three axes (here, the a axis).
  • the pitcher throws a ball in which the sensor device 20 is built and the opponent catches the ball.
  • the sensor device 20 acquires acceleration time series data as shown in FIG. 13 by detecting acceleration in the a-axis direction in time series for each sampling period (for example, 2 ms).
  • the terminal device 10 receives the motion information acquired by the sensor device 20 (that is, acceleration time-series data in FIG. 13).
  • the terminal apparatus 10 calculates the acceleration K (m) detected at the current sampling time t (m) and the acceleration K (m ⁇ 1) detected at the sampling time t (m ⁇ 1) one sampling period before. Differences are calculated sequentially.
  • the terminal device 10 calculates a sampling time t (m) at which this difference is greater than or equal to a threshold Th4 (for example, 2G) as the timing at which the ball is released.
  • a threshold Th4 for example, 2G
  • the terminal device 10 calculates a sampling time t (m) at which the difference becomes less than the threshold Th4 and then becomes equal to or higher than the threshold Th5 (for example, 45G) as the timing when the ball is caught.
  • the time T 5 are calculated as the ball is caught timing.
  • the sensor device 30 may be configured to be attached to a grip end of a hitting tool (for example, a bat) used by a subject.
  • the sensor device 30 is firmly fixed to the grip end so as not to move during the swing of the bat.
  • the acceleration sensor included in the sensor device 30 is disposed on the long axis of the bat in order to eliminate the influence of centrifugal acceleration due to rotation around the long axis of the bat.
  • the configuration in which the evaluation parameter or the swing level is displayed on the display has been described.
  • the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the configuration may be such that the evaluation parameter or the swing level is notified to the subject by voice using a speaker or the like.
  • the terminal device receives the motion information transmitted from the sensor device, and calculates the evaluation parameter based on the motion information.
  • the terminal device may be configured to accept input of motion information acquired by the sensor device from the user via a touch panel or a button.
  • the terminal device 10 calculates the start timing of the back part and the waist part when the subject swings based on the combined acceleration at the back part and the angular velocity around the body axis at the waist part.
  • the configuration has been described. When swinging, the movement of the back part is dominated by translational movement, and the movement of the waist part is dominated by rotational movement. .
  • the configuration may be such that the start timing of the back is calculated from the combined angular velocity at the back, or the start timing of the waist is calculated from the combined acceleration of the waist. May be.
  • an acceleration sensor is less expensive than an angular velocity sensor. Therefore, the cost can be reduced by adopting a configuration in which the start timings of the back part and the waist part are calculated based on the combined acceleration in each part.
  • hand-back part start timing has been described for the absolute value of the three-axis directions of the resultant acceleration at the hand-back part of the batter is time T 2, which reaches the threshold value Th2, the configuration Not limited to.
  • the back part start timing may be the time when the absolute value of the acceleration in the uniaxial direction in the back part reaches the threshold value Thx, or the absolute value of the combined acceleration in the biaxial direction in the back part reaches the threshold value Thy. It may be the time. In this case, a deviation in the mounting direction of the acceleration sensor or the mounting direction in use may be considered.
  • the back portion start timing may be a time when the absolute value of the combined acceleration in at least one of the three axis directions reaches a predetermined threshold value.
  • the threshold Thx and the threshold Thy may be set in advance by actually measuring the acceleration of the back part obtained at the start of the batter's swing, or may be set in advance by simulation or the like.
  • the measurement system for measuring the movement of the subject includes a terminal device 10, a sensor device Xa (corresponding to the sensor device 20 in FIG. 1) attached to the soccer ball launcher, and a sensor device attached to the waist of the subject.
  • Xb (corresponding to the sensor device 40 of FIG. 1) and the sensor device Xc attached to the subject's foot (for example, ankle).
  • the functions and hardware configurations of the sensor devices Xa to Xc are the same as those of the sensor devices 20 to 40.
  • the sensor device Xa is attached to the launching device via an attachment member so that one of the three axes of the acceleration sensor faces the launching direction of the ball.
  • the sensor device Xb is attached to the waist of the subject so that one of the three axes of the angular velocity sensor and the acceleration sensor faces the body axis of the subject.
  • the sensor device Xc is attached to the subject's foot so that one of the three axes of the angular velocity sensor and the acceleration sensor is along the longitudinal direction of the subject's lower leg.
  • the terminal device 10 Based on the movement information acquired from each of the sensor devices Xa to Xc, the terminal device 10 starts the soccer ball firing timing, the timing when the waist starts with respect to the ball to be fired, and the foot starts with respect to the ball. Timing is calculated.
  • the terminal device 10 calculates the time Ta when the absolute value of the acceleration in the ball firing direction measured by the sensor device Xa reaches a threshold value Tha (for example, 2G) as the soccer ball firing timing.
  • the terminal device 10 calculates the time Tb when the absolute value of the angular velocity around the body axis at the waist measured by the sensor device Xb reaches a threshold Thb (for example, 10 deg / s) as the waist start timing.
  • the terminal device 10 calculates a time Tc at which the absolute value of the combined acceleration in at least one axial direction measured by the sensor device Xc reaches a threshold Thc (for example, 2G) as the foot start timing.
  • the terminal device 10 includes a time difference Tab between the time Ta and the time Tb (that is, a time from the launch timing to the waist start timing) and a time difference Tac between the time Ta and the time Tc (ie, from the launch timing to the foot start timing). Time). Furthermore, the terminal device 10 also calculates a time difference Tbc between the time Tb and the time Tc (that is, the time from the waist start timing to the foot start timing). FIG. 14 shows each time difference calculated by the terminal device 10.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of a time difference tendency between an expert and an unskilled person. Specifically, FIG. 14A is a diagram showing the tendency of the time difference Tab, FIG. 14B is a diagram showing the tendency of the time difference Tac, and FIG. 14C is a diagram showing the tendency of the time difference Tbc. It is.
  • the measurement result of the time difference shown in FIG. 14 is an average value of five time differences measured when each subject moves when the ball is fired five times from the launching device.
  • the time difference Tab of the skilled person is 103.8 ms, and the time difference of the unskilled person is 147.4 ms, so that the skilled person has an average time difference Tab of 43 compared to the unskilled person. .6ms shorter. In other words, it can be seen that the skilled person has an earlier start timing of the lower back than the unskilled person.
  • the time difference Tac of the skilled person is 318.6 ms, and the time difference Tac of the unskilled person is 173 ms. Therefore, the average time difference Tac of the skilled person is 145. 6ms long. That is, it can be seen that the skilled person has a slower start timing of the foot than the unskilled person.
  • the time difference Tbc of the skilled person is 214.8 ms, and the time difference Tbc of the unskilled person is 25.6 ms. Therefore, the time difference Tbc of the skilled person is larger than that of the unskilled person on average. 189.2ms long. That is, the skilled person has a larger difference in the start timing of the waist and the foot than the unskilled person.
  • each time difference Tab, Tab, Tbc can be used as an evaluation parameter of the subject's movement.
  • a rule for determining the movement ability (motion level) of the subject may be created. For example, when the time difference Tab ⁇ threshold value Ua is satisfied, it is determined as an expert level, and when the time difference Tab ⁇ the threshold value Ua is satisfied, it is determined as an unskilled person level.
  • each of an expert and an unskilled person stands at a predetermined distance (for example, 5.0 m) from the launching device and quickly receives a soccer ball fired in a random direction (in this case, a hand) Can be used). This assumes a PK (penalty kick) in soccer.
  • FIG. 15 shows each time difference calculated by the terminal device 10.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram showing another example of the time difference tendency between skilled and unskilled persons. Specifically, FIG. 15A is a diagram showing the tendency of the time difference Tab, and FIG. 15B is a diagram showing the tendency of the time difference Tab.
  • the measurement result of the time difference shown in FIG. 15 is an average value of the time difference for six times measured when each subject moves when the ball is fired six times from the launching device.
  • the time difference Tab for the skilled person was 281.8 ms, and the time difference for the unskilled person was ⁇ 76.7 ms.
  • the time difference Tac for the skilled person was 176.8 ms, and the time difference Tac for the unskilled person was ⁇ 54.7 ms.
  • a subject eg, a receiver
  • receives a ball released from an opponent eg, an attacker or a ball launcher
  • the sensor device is attached to the back or arm of the attacker, and when the opponent is a ball launcher, the sensor device is attached.
  • the timing at which the ball is released is the time when the acceleration of the acceleration sensor reaches the threshold value.
  • a sensor device is attached to the back, arm, or foot of the subject, and another sensor device is attached to the waist or back neck (back of the neck) of the subject.
  • the start timing of the back part, arm part or foot part is the time when the acceleration of the acceleration sensor reaches the threshold value.
  • the start timing of the lower back or the rear neck is the time when the absolute value of the angular velocity around the body axis reaches the threshold value.
  • the subject for example, a pass recipient
  • receives a ball released from an opponent for example, a passer
  • the sensor device can be attached to the other party's back or arm.
  • the timing at which the ball is released is the time when the acceleration of the acceleration sensor reaches the threshold value.
  • a sensor device is attached to the back, arm, or foot of the subject, and another sensor device is attached to the waist or back neck of the subject.
  • the start timing of the back part, arm part or foot part is the time when the acceleration of the acceleration sensor reaches the threshold value.
  • the start timing of the lower back or the rear neck is the time when the absolute value of the angular velocity around the body axis reaches the threshold value.
  • a subject receives a ball released from an opponent (eg, a shooter or a ball launcher).
  • the sensor device is attached to the back or arm of the shooter, and when the opponent is a ball launcher, it is attached to the device.
  • the timing at which the ball is released is the time when the acceleration of the acceleration sensor reaches the threshold value.
  • a sensor device is attached to the back, arm, or foot of the subject (keeper), and another sensor device is attached to the waist or back neck of the subject.
  • the start timing of the back part, arm part or foot part is the time when the acceleration of the acceleration sensor reaches the threshold value.
  • the start timing of the lower back or the rear neck is the time when the absolute value of the angular velocity around the body axis reaches the threshold value.
  • the time difference of each start timing can be calculated even in volleyball, basketball, rugby, American football, handball, etc., the movement of the subject can be evaluated based on each time difference.
  • a program for causing a computer to function and executing control as described in the above flowchart is recorded on a non-temporary computer-readable recording medium such as a flexible disk attached to the computer, a CD-ROM (Compact Disk Read Only Memory), a ROM, a RAM, and a memory card as a program product. It can also be provided. Alternatively, the program can be provided by being recorded on a recording medium such as a hard disk built in the computer. A program can also be provided by downloading via a network.
  • the program may be a program module that is provided as part of an operating system (OS) of a computer and calls a required module at a predetermined timing to execute processing.
  • OS operating system
  • the program itself does not include the module, and the process is executed in cooperation with the OS.
  • a program that does not include such a module can also be included in the program according to the present embodiment.
  • the program according to the present embodiment may be provided by being incorporated in a part of another program. Even in this case, the program itself does not include the module included in the other program, and the process is executed in cooperation with the other program. A program incorporated in such another program can also be included in the program according to the present embodiment.
  • the configuration exemplified as the above-described embodiment is an example of the configuration of the present invention, and can be combined with another known technique. A part of the configuration is not deviated from the gist of the present invention. It is also possible to change and configure such as omitting.
  • the present embodiment it is possible to measure the movement during the swing when the subject actually hits the ball.
  • the present embodiment it is only necessary to attach a small device to the subject's waist and back and swing, so that simple measurement can be performed without placing a burden on the subject. Moreover, since the test subject can obtain the swing evaluation result in real time, an efficient training effect can be expected by quick feedback.
  • the movement of the subject can be evaluated even in a competitive sport in which the hitting tool or the like does not swing.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système de mesure destiné à mesurer un mouvement d'un sujet par rapport à un objet, ledit système de mesure comprenant : un premier moyen de détection qui est fixé à un adversaire ou à un objet d'un sujet, et qui est apte à détecter des premières informations de mouvement concernant un mouvement de l'adversaire lorsque l'objet est libéré depuis l'adversaire en direction du sujet ; un second moyen de détection qui est fixé à une partie pelvienne du sujet, et qui est apte à détecter des secondes informations de mouvement concernant un mouvement de la partie pelvienne du sujet par rapport à l'objet ; un moyen de traitement qui, sur la base des premières informations de mouvement et des secondes informations de mouvement, calcule un paramètre d'évaluation du mouvement du sujet ; et un moyen de sortie qui émet le paramètre d'évaluation obtenu par le moyen de traitement.
PCT/JP2017/028813 2016-08-12 2017-08-08 Système de mesure, dispositif de mesure, procédé de mesure et programme de commande Ceased WO2018030424A1 (fr)

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