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WO2018015661A1 - Process for automatic drape forming of tapes of dry fibers - Google Patents

Process for automatic drape forming of tapes of dry fibers Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018015661A1
WO2018015661A1 PCT/FR2017/051971 FR2017051971W WO2018015661A1 WO 2018015661 A1 WO2018015661 A1 WO 2018015661A1 FR 2017051971 W FR2017051971 W FR 2017051971W WO 2018015661 A1 WO2018015661 A1 WO 2018015661A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ribbons
preform
additional
insert
sets
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/FR2017/051971
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Benjamin Provost
Bertrand Desjoyeaux
Sébastien LOUCHARD
Fabien DEPEUX
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Nacelles SAS
Original Assignee
Safran Nacelles SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Safran Nacelles SAS filed Critical Safran Nacelles SAS
Publication of WO2018015661A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018015661A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B11/00—Making preforms
    • B29B11/14—Making preforms characterised by structure or composition
    • B29B11/16—Making preforms characterised by structure or composition comprising fillers or reinforcement

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a preform for the manufacture of a composite mechanical part by automatic draping, preferably in the aeronautical field,
  • elements such as ra ⁇ disseurs on the skin is done by adding an insert, manufactured separately. The whole being subsequently co-cu ⁇ t in the ' case of a prepreg, co-injected resin in the case of dry fibrous structures or assembled by mechanical elements.
  • These elements can be of different types: metal parts, composite parts, prepreg, 3D woven dry preform, thermoplastic part.
  • the present invention aims to provide a solution to overcome the disadvantages of the state of the art in automatic draping, including those mentioned above.
  • the present invention relates to a method for producing a preform for the manufacture of a composite mechanical part, the preform comprising at least one set of main ribbons and at least one additional set of ribbons characterized in that it comprises the steps of: A. extending a first portion of the at least one set of additional ribbons to the at least one set of main ribbons; and
  • the cohesion of the preform is improved.
  • the skin of the preform formed by the at least one main ribbon assembly and the first portion of the at least one additional ribbon assembly is formed with the stiffening structure, comprising the second portion of the at least one an additional set of ribbons.
  • the stiffening structure comprises the second portion of the at least one additional ribbon assembly.
  • the at least one set of main ribbons constitutes a fold.
  • the at least one additional set of ribbons constitutes a fold.
  • step A is performed by an automatic draping assembly.
  • the method of producing a preform by automatic draping is performed using a fiber ribbon placement means known as AFP (Automated Fiber Placement) and using so-called “dry” fiber ribbons, that is to say having a very small amount of heat-activated binder for liquid crystal liquid composite infiltration by LCM (Liquid Composite Molding) and hardening.
  • AFP Automated Fiber Placement
  • dry fiber ribbons that is to say having a very small amount of heat-activated binder for liquid crystal liquid composite infiltration by LCM (Liquid Composite Molding) and hardening.
  • the preform is characterized in that some layers of draped ribbons are intentionally partially unrelated to the remainder of the preform upon removal, and then spaced apart and arranged to form a local stiffening structure.
  • the method comprises a step A 'subsequent to step A, of fixing the first portion of the at least one set of additional ribbons to the at least one set of main ribbons.
  • step A ' is performed by the automatic draping assembly.
  • the preform comprises a thermosensitive binder, disposed on the at least one set of main ribbons and on the at least one additional set of ribbons.
  • step A consists in heating and compressing the at least one set of additional ribbons the at least one set of main ribbons so as to activate the heat-sensitive binder.
  • step B the second portion of the at least one additional set of ribbons is straightened so that the second portion protrudes from the at least one set of ribbons. main ribbons and at the first portion of the at least one set of additional ribbons.
  • the preform comprises an insert element intended to cooperate with the second portion of the at least one additional ribbon assembly so as to form the stiffening structure
  • the method comprises a step BO, prior to step B of disposing an insert on the at least one main ribbon assembly.
  • step B the second portion of the at least one additional ribbon assembly is straightened so as to extend the second portion along at least a portion of the insert.
  • the preform comprises two sets of additional ribbons, and in step B, the second portions of the two sets of additional ribbons are straightened so that they are arranged one against the other. other, or each arranged against at least a portion of the insert.
  • the stiffening structure is reinforced, the cohesion of the stiffening structure in the preform is ensured and the arrangement of the second portions of the two sets of additional ribbons is facilitated.
  • each of the second portions are supported against each other or extend on each side of the insert which facilitates the construction of the stiffening structure.
  • the method comprises a step B ', subsequent to step B, of fixing the second portions of the two sets of additional ribbons to each other or to fixing each of the second portions to at least a portion of the insert.
  • the second portions of the two sets of additional ribbons are held together or are each held at least a portion of the insert
  • the present invention further relates to a preform for producing a mechanical part obtained by a method according to any one of the above-mentioned steps.
  • the present invention further relates to a method of producing a composite mechanical part comprising the steps of:
  • the step of impregnating the preform with a matrix may, for example, consist of an injection according to a method of the RTM (Resin Transfer Molding) type or an infusion, these processes being well known in the art. skilled person.
  • RTM Resin Transfer Molding
  • the matrix comprises for example a resin.
  • the automatic draping assembly comprises a heating element and a compressor element.
  • the insert comprises an upper face and at least one side face.
  • step B the second portion of the at least one additional ribbon assembly is extended only on the at least one lateral face of the insert element, so that the face upper element reported is free, that is to say, not covered.
  • step B the second portion of the at least one additional ribbon assembly is extended over the at least one lateral face and the upper face of the insert, so as to completely cover the insert.
  • the present invention may optionally include, in particular, the following characteristics: the stiffening assembly is derived from the straightening of one or two groups of fiber layers partially bonded to the whole of the preform;
  • the stiffening assembly obtained by straightening the non-bonded fiber groups forms a T-section
  • the neutral fiber of the stiffening assembly follows a curve requiring overlaps of contiguous parts
  • the method comprises at least one step of at least partial recovery of the insert element by at least a portion of at least one ribbon; the covering can be made so that the portion follows the profile of the insert;
  • the process comprises an impregnation step; the impregnation step may be subsequent to the step of covering the insert.
  • the present invention also relates to a preform made according to a method according to the present invention comprising a heat-sensitive binder.
  • the preform according to the present invention comprises a stiffening assembly.
  • the preform according to the present invention may comprise an insert element disposed within the preform, that is to say integrated into the preform, which may be a stiffener.
  • the present invention also relates to a preform made according to a method according to the invention comprising a stiffener integrated in the preform, that is to say made from ribbons used to manufacture the preform, such a preform may also comprise an insert. according to the present invention.
  • Figure 1 shows a partial view of a preform at a manufacturing stage according to a method of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 shows the portion of the preform of Fig. 1 in a subsequent manufacturing step to that of Fig. 1 according to a method of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 shows a ribbing arrangement of the preform according to one embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 4 shows a partial view of a preform according to a first embodiment of the present invention manufactured according to a method of the present invention
  • Fig. 5 shows a partial view of a preform according to a second embodiment of the present invention manufactured according to a method of the present invention, involving an insert
  • Figure 6 shows a partial view of a preform according to a third embodiment of the present invention fabricated according to a method of the present invention, involving an insert
  • Figure 7 shows a simplified view of an automatic draping device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a partial view of a preform 1 at a manufacturing stage according to a method of the present invention.
  • the preform 1 is manufactured by means of an automatic draping process by means of an automaton of automatic draping on a mold 2 of several sets of main ribbons, called assemblies 3 below.
  • Each set of ribbons includes at least two ribbons arranged one over the other and made from dry fibers.
  • the tape assemblies further include a heat-sensitive binder disposed on at least a portion of a surface of one of the ribbons for contacting the other tape.
  • the ribbons are bonded together by the heat-sensitive binder when heated.
  • the ribbons are thus linked together as and when they are removed, allowing a great flexibility of construction of the preform.
  • the part of the preform of FIG. 1 is described according to a subsequent manufacturing step to that of FIG. 1 according to a method of the present invention.
  • the preform 1 comprises a first set of additional ribbons 31, and a second set of additional ribbons 32.
  • the first and second sets of additional ribbons 31, 32 called the sets 31, 32 below, each comprise at least one ribbon layer made from dry fibers, respectively 31a and 32a.
  • the assemblies 31, 32 are extended on the assemblies 3 according to the automatic draping method according to the invention by means of the automatic draping automaton on the assembly 3 furthest from the mold 2.
  • the assembly 31, 32 comprise a first portion intended to be thus fixed to the assembly 3, by activation of the binder 4.
  • the assemblies 31, 32 are cut during a cutting step of the method according to the present invention, so that the assemblies 31 and 32 overlap at an overlap zone 5 in which the binder 4 is not heated. .
  • the sets 31 and 32 of ribbons may comprise a plurality of ribbons made from dry fibers, respectively 31a, 31b, 31c, 31d, and 32a, 32b, 32c, 32d superimposed on each other, and fixed between them as and when they drop.
  • each set 31 and 32 are here preferably partially bonded together, preferably at least at two opposite edge regions, by a method according to the present invention involving the heat-sensitive binder and the heating step, so to facilitate subsequent manipulation of the assemblies 31 and 32 requiring bending of the assemblies 31 and 32.
  • the assemblies 31 and 32 each comprise a second portion, hereinafter called end 311 and 321 respectively.
  • the sets 31, 32 are fixed together so that the ends 311 and 321 are juxtaposed.
  • the assemblies 31 and 32 are joined to each other so as to create a stiffening section of the preform by rising from the preform 1.
  • the assemblies 31 and 32 are gradually joined to each other and the binder 4 is also progressively heated as the course of operations to attach the assemblies 31 and 32.
  • a stiffening insert 61 is provided on the preform 1.
  • the assemblies 31, 32 extend along side faces of the insert. In other words, the assemblies 31, 32 partially cover the insert element 61.
  • the assemblies 31 and 32 partly enclose, following the profile, the stiffening insert element 61.
  • the recovery could be total instead of partial.
  • the assemblies 31 and 32 are progressively fixed by heating the binder lying on the surfaces of the assemblies 31 and 32 progressively brought into contact with the insert element 61.
  • This embodiment differs from that of FIG. 5 in particular in that the stiffening element 61 is completely enveloped by the assemblies 31 and 32.
  • assemblies 31 and 32 overlap in the zone delimited by their respective ends 311 and 321.
  • the assemblies 31 and 32 are progressively fixed by heating the binder on the surfaces of the assemblies 31 and 32 progressively brought into contact with the insert element 61, and for the assembly 32 by heating the binder lying on its surface progressively brought into contact with the assembly 31.
  • the insert 61 may be a metal part as well as composite, pre-impregnated or dry, for example 3D woven. It should be noted that the assemblies 31 and 32 can be covered irrespective of the stiffening mode envisaged by other sets 3 of ribbons made from dry fibers to reinforce the preform 1.
  • Fig. 7 shows an automatic draping assembly 7 according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprising a heating element 71, a compressor element 72, here a roll, and a cutting device.
  • the heating element 71 is configured to activate the thermosensitive binder 4 so as to bind the assemblies 3, 31, 32.
  • the compressor element is configured to progressively compress the ribbons forming the preform.
  • the ribbons are cut by means of the cutting device, for example a knife, according to the desired lengths, for example to make preforms 1 as disclosed in the preceding figures.
  • the preform undergoes a step of impregnation and baking to form a final mechanical part from the preform.
  • the present invention is not merely limited to the embodiments described above but includes all variants and equivalent means of implementing the methods described above as the methods include the manufacture of a preform by automatic draping of dry fibers into ribbons bound together by a heat-sensitive binder.
  • the present invention also includes all preforms manufactured according to a method of the present invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates in particular to a process for automatic drape forming using an automaton (7) for automatic drape forming of at least one set (3) of tapes comprising at least one tape manufactured from dry fibers on at least one other set (3) of tapes comprising at least one tape manufactured from dry fibers, the process comprising at least one step of depositing a heat-sensitive fastening binder (4) on at least one part of a surface of at least one of the tapes to be fastened to the other.

Description

Procédé de drapage automatique de rubans de fibres sèches  Automatic draping process for dry fiber ribbons

L'invention concerne un procédé de réalisation d'une préforme pour la fabrication d'une pièce mécanique composite par drapage automatique, de préférence dans ie domaine aéronautique,  The invention relates to a method for producing a preform for the manufacture of a composite mechanical part by automatic draping, preferably in the aeronautical field,

Le procédé de drapage automatique de fibres sèches ou pré-imprégnées est aujourd'hui bien connu de l'homme du métier, cependant cette technologie de dépose de fibres n'est aujourd'hui utilisée que pour fabriquer des « peaux » en composite.  The process of automatic draping of dry or pre-impregnated fibers is now well known to those skilled in the art, however this fiber deposition technology is today used only to manufacture "skins" composite.

L'intégration d'éléments tels que des raïdisseurs sur la peau se fait par l'ajout d'un élément rapporté, fabriqué à part. Le tout étant par la suite co-cuït dans le' cas d'un pré-imprégné, co-injecté de résine dans le cas de structures fibreuses sèches ou bien assemblé par des éléments mécaniques. Ces éléments rapportés peuvent être de différentes natures : pièces métalliques, pièces composites, pré-imprégnés, préforme sèche tissée 3D, pièce thermoplastique. The integration of elements such as raïdisseurs on the skin is done by adding an insert, manufactured separately. The whole being subsequently co-cuït in the ' case of a prepreg, co-injected resin in the case of dry fibrous structures or assembled by mechanical elements. These elements can be of different types: metal parts, composite parts, prepreg, 3D woven dry preform, thermoplastic part.

II est possible d'assembler mécaniquement ces éléments de structures fibreuses sèches sur une peau fabriquée à part, par divers moyens (couture, tufting ou touffetage, aiguilletage, Z-pining) afin de renforcer leur cohésion.  It is possible to mechanically join these elements of dry fibrous structures on a skin made separately, by various means (stitching, tufting or tufting, needling, Z-pining) to enhance their cohesion.

L'ajout d'un élément rapporté sur une peau génère plusieurs problèmes, notamment concernant le positionnement et le maintien en position de l'élément rapporté sur la peau déjà drapée, mais aussi les opérations de manutention additionnelles nécessaires à l'ajout des éléments rapportés, ou encore le manque de cohésion entre la peau et l'élément rapporté.  The addition of an insert on a skin generates several problems, in particular concerning the positioning and the holding in position of the insert on the already draped skin, but also the additional handling operations necessary for adding the inserts. or the lack of cohesion between the skin and the reported element.

Ces inconvénients trouvent leur origine dans le fait que le drapage automatique n'est possible qu'à partir de fibres sèches se présentant sous la forme de rubans qui sont drapés ensemble à l'aide d'un automate de drapage automatique. L'encombrement de la tête de dépose et l'agilité de l'automate rendant complexe le drapage de forme trop accidentées et il est nécessaire de draper une peau à part, ce qui implique que les structures à intégrer soient rapportées ultérieurement au drapage de la peau. . . These drawbacks have their origin in the fact that automatic draping is possible only from dry fibers in the form of ribbons which are draped together using an automatic draping machine. The congestion of the dispensing head and the agility of the automaton making complex draping of shape too complex and it is necessary to drape a skin apart, which implies that the structures to be integrated are reported later to the draping of the skin. . .

La présente invention vise à proposer une solution permettant de s'affranchir des inconvénients de l'état de la technique dans le drapage automatique, notamment ceux précités.  The present invention aims to provide a solution to overcome the disadvantages of the state of the art in automatic draping, including those mentioned above.

À cet effet la présente invention concerne un procédé de réalisation d'une préforme pour la fabrication d'une pièce mécanique composite, la préforme comprenant au moins un ensemble de rubans principal et au moins un ensemble de rubans supplémentaire caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend les étapes consistant à : A. étendre une première portion de l'au moins un ensemble de rubans supplémentairesur l'au moins un ensemble de rubans principal ; etTo this end, the present invention relates to a method for producing a preform for the manufacture of a composite mechanical part, the preform comprising at least one set of main ribbons and at least one additional set of ribbons characterized in that it comprises the steps of: A. extending a first portion of the at least one set of additional ribbons to the at least one set of main ribbons; and

B. agencer une deuxième portion de l'au moins un ensemble de rubans supplémentaire de façon à former une structure de raidissement. B. arranging a second portion of the at least one additional set of ribbons to form a stiffening structure.

Grâce à ces dispositions, la cohésion de la préforme est améliorée. En effet, la peau de la préforme constituée par l'au moins un ensemble de ruban principal et la première portion de l'au moins un ensemble de rubans supplémentaire est formée avec la structure de raidissement, comprenant la deuxième portion de l'au moins un ensemble de rubans supplémentaire.  Thanks to these provisions, the cohesion of the preform is improved. Indeed, the skin of the preform formed by the at least one main ribbon assembly and the first portion of the at least one additional ribbon assembly is formed with the stiffening structure, comprising the second portion of the at least one an additional set of ribbons.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, la structure de raidissement comprend la deuxième portion de l'au moins un ensemble de rubans supplémentaire.  According to one aspect of the invention, the stiffening structure comprises the second portion of the at least one additional ribbon assembly.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, l'au moins un ensemble de rubans principal constitue un pli.  According to one aspect of the invention, the at least one set of main ribbons constitutes a fold.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, l'au moins un ensemble de rubans supplémentaire constitue un pli.  According to one aspect of the invention, the at least one additional set of ribbons constitutes a fold.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, l'étape A est réalisée par un ensemble de drapage automatique.  According to one aspect of the invention, step A is performed by an automatic draping assembly.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, le procédé de réalisation d'une préforme par drapage automatique est réalisé à l'aide d'un moyen de placement de ruban de fibre connu sous le nom d'AFP (Automated Fibre Placement) et utilisant des rubans de fibre dites « Sèche » c'est-à-dire présentant une très faible quantité de liant (Binder) activé par la chaleur, pour consolidation de pièce composite par procédé LCM (Liquid Composite Moulding) d'infiltration d'une résine liquide et durcissement. La préforme est caractérisée en ce que certaines couches de rubans drapées sont volontairement partiellement non liées au reste de la preforme lors de la dépose, puis écartées et agencées pour former une structure de raidissement locale.  According to one aspect of the invention, the method of producing a preform by automatic draping is performed using a fiber ribbon placement means known as AFP (Automated Fiber Placement) and using so-called "dry" fiber ribbons, that is to say having a very small amount of heat-activated binder for liquid crystal liquid composite infiltration by LCM (Liquid Composite Molding) and hardening. The preform is characterized in that some layers of draped ribbons are intentionally partially unrelated to the remainder of the preform upon removal, and then spaced apart and arranged to form a local stiffening structure.

Ainsi, les opérations manuelles sont réduites.  Thus, manual operations are reduced.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, le procédé comprend une étape A' subséquente à l'étape A, consistant à fixer la première portion de l'au moins un ensemble de rubans supplémentaire à l'au moins un ensemble de rubans principal. Grâce à ces dispositions, la première portion de l'au moins un ensemble de rubans supplémentaire et l'au moins un ensemble de rubans principal sont maintenus ensemble.  According to one aspect of the invention, the method comprises a step A 'subsequent to step A, of fixing the first portion of the at least one set of additional ribbons to the at least one set of main ribbons. With these features, the first portion of the at least one additional set of ribbons and the at least one set of main ribbons are held together.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, l'étape A' est réalisée par l'ensemble de drapage automatique. Selon un aspect de l'invention, la préforme comprend un liant thermosensible, disposé sur l'au moins un ensemble de rubans principal et sur l'au moins un ensemble de rubans supplémentaire. According to one aspect of the invention, step A 'is performed by the automatic draping assembly. According to one aspect of the invention, the preform comprises a thermosensitive binder, disposed on the at least one set of main ribbons and on the at least one additional set of ribbons.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, l'étape A'consiste en chauffer puis compresser l'au moins un ensemble de rubans supplémentaire l'au moins un ensemble de rubans principal de façon à activer le liant thermosensible.  According to one aspect of the invention, step A consists in heating and compressing the at least one set of additional ribbons the at least one set of main ribbons so as to activate the heat-sensitive binder.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, lors de l'étape B, on redresse la deuxième portion de l'au moins un ensemble de rubans supplémentaire de façon à ce que la deuxième portion fasse saillie par rapport à l'au moins un ensemble de rubans principal et à la première portion de l'au moins un ensemble de rubans supplémentaire.  According to one aspect of the invention, during step B, the second portion of the at least one additional set of ribbons is straightened so that the second portion protrudes from the at least one set of ribbons. main ribbons and at the first portion of the at least one set of additional ribbons.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, la préforme comprend un élément rapporté destiné à coopérer avec la deuxième portion de l'au moins un ensemble de rubans supplémentaire de façon à former la structure de raidissement, et le procédé comprend une étape BO, antérieure à l'étape B, consistant à disposer un l'élément rapporté sur l'au moins un ensemble de ruban principal. Grâce à ces disposition, la structure de raidissement est renforcée par l'élément rapporté.  According to one aspect of the invention, the preform comprises an insert element intended to cooperate with the second portion of the at least one additional ribbon assembly so as to form the stiffening structure, and the method comprises a step BO, prior to step B of disposing an insert on the at least one main ribbon assembly. With these arrangements, the stiffening structure is reinforced by the insert.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, lors de l'étape B, on redresse la deuxième portion de l'au moins un ensemble de rubans supplémentaire de façon à étendre la deuxième portion le long d'au moins une partie de l'élément rapporté. Grâce à ces dispositions, la structure de raidissement est renforcée et la cohésion de la strucure de raidissement au sein de la préforme est assurée.  According to one aspect of the invention, during step B, the second portion of the at least one additional ribbon assembly is straightened so as to extend the second portion along at least a portion of the insert. . Thanks to these provisions, the stiffening structure is reinforced and the cohesion of the stiffening structure in the preform is ensured.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, la préforme comprend deux ensembles de rubans supplémentaires, et lors de l'étape B, on redresse les deuxièmes portions des deux ensembles de rubans supplémentaires de façon à ce qu'elles soient agencées l'une contre l'autre, ou agencées chacune contre au moins une partie de l'élément rapporté. Grâce à ces dispositions, la structure de raidissement est renforcée, la cohésion de la strucure de raidissement au sein de la préforme est assurée et l'agencement des deuxièmes portions des deux ensembles de rubans supplémentaires est facilitée. En effet, chacune des deuxièmes portions s'appuient l'une contre l'autre ou s'étendent de chaque coté de l'élément rapporté ce qui facilité la construction de la structure de raidissement.  According to one aspect of the invention, the preform comprises two sets of additional ribbons, and in step B, the second portions of the two sets of additional ribbons are straightened so that they are arranged one against the other. other, or each arranged against at least a portion of the insert. Thanks to these provisions, the stiffening structure is reinforced, the cohesion of the stiffening structure in the preform is ensured and the arrangement of the second portions of the two sets of additional ribbons is facilitated. Indeed, each of the second portions are supported against each other or extend on each side of the insert which facilitates the construction of the stiffening structure.

On entend par agencées l'une contre l'autre, adjacentes l'une à l'autre. Selon un aspect de l'invention, le procédé comprend une étape B', subséquente à l'étape B, consistant à fixer les deuxièmes portions des deux ensembles de rubans supplémentaires l'une à l'autre ou à fixer chacune des deuxièmes portions à au moins une partie de l'élément rapporté. Grâce à ces dispositions, les deuxièmes portions des deux ensembles de rubans supplémentaires sotn maintenues ensemble ou sont maintenues chacune à au moins une partie de l'élément rapporté We mean arranged against each other, adjacent to each other. According to one aspect of the invention, the method comprises a step B ', subsequent to step B, of fixing the second portions of the two sets of additional ribbons to each other or to fixing each of the second portions to at least a portion of the insert. With these provisions, the second portions of the two sets of additional ribbons are held together or are each held at least a portion of the insert

La présente invention se rapporte en outre à une préforme pour la réalisation d'une pièce mécanique obtenue par un procédé conforme à l'une quelconque des étapes susmentionnées.  The present invention further relates to a preform for producing a mechanical part obtained by a method according to any one of the above-mentioned steps.

La présente invention se rapporte en outre à un procédé de réalisation d'une pièce mécanique composite comprenant les étapes consistant à :  The present invention further relates to a method of producing a composite mechanical part comprising the steps of:

réaliser une préforme conformément à l'une quelconque des étapes susmentionnées ;  producing a preform in accordance with any of the above steps;

imprégner la préforme d'une matrice,  impregnate the preform with a matrix,

cuire la préforme imprégnée.  cook the impregnated preform.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, l'étape consistant à imprégner la préforme d'une matrice peut par exemple consister en une injection selon un procédé de type RTM (Resin Transfer Molding) ou en une infusion, ces procédés étant bien connus de l'homme du métier.  According to one aspect of the invention, the step of impregnating the preform with a matrix may, for example, consist of an injection according to a method of the RTM (Resin Transfer Molding) type or an infusion, these processes being well known in the art. skilled person.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, la matrice comprend par exemple une résine.  According to one aspect of the invention, the matrix comprises for example a resin.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, l'ensemble de drapage automatique comprend un élément chauffant et un élément compresseur.  According to one aspect of the invention, the automatic draping assembly comprises a heating element and a compressor element.

On entend par étendre la deuxième portion de l'au moins un ensemble de rubans supplémentaire le long d'au moins une partie de l'élément rapporté, couvrir ou envelopper au moins une portion de l'élément rapporté à l'aide de la deuxième portion de l'au moins un ensemble de rubans supplémentaire.  Extending the second portion of the at least one additional ribbon assembly along at least a portion of the insert, covering or wrapping at least a portion of the insert with the second portion of the at least one set of additional ribbons.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, l'élément rapporté comprend une face supérieure et au moins une face latérale.  According to one aspect of the invention, the insert comprises an upper face and at least one side face.

Selon un mode de réalisation, lors de l'étape B, on étend la deuxième portion de l'au moins un ensemble de rubans supplémentaire uniquement sur l'au moins une face latérale de l'élément rapporté, de façon à ce que la face supérieure de l'élément rapporté soit libre, c'est-à-dire non recouvert.  According to one embodiment, during step B, the second portion of the at least one additional ribbon assembly is extended only on the at least one lateral face of the insert element, so that the face upper element reported is free, that is to say, not covered.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation, lors de l'étape B, on étend la deuxième portion de l'au moins un ensemble de rubans supplémentaire sur l'au moins une face latérale et la face supérieure de l'élément rapporté, de façon à recouvrir totalement l'élément rapporté.  According to another embodiment, during step B, the second portion of the at least one additional ribbon assembly is extended over the at least one lateral face and the upper face of the insert, so as to completely cover the insert.

D'autre part, la présente invention peut comprendre, de manière optionnelle, notamment les caractéristiques suivantes : l'ensemble de raidissement est issu du redressement d'un ou deux groupes de couches de fibres partiellement liées à l'ensemble de la préforme ; On the other hand, the present invention may optionally include, in particular, the following characteristics: the stiffening assembly is derived from the straightening of one or two groups of fiber layers partially bonded to the whole of the preform;

l'ensemble de raidissement obtenu par redressement des groupes de fibres non-liés forme une section en T ;  the stiffening assembly obtained by straightening the non-bonded fiber groups forms a T-section;

L'ensemble de raidissement obtenu par redressement des groupes de fibres non-liés formant deux L ;l'ensemble de raidissement obtenu par redressement des groupes de fibres non-liés forme une section en Oméga ;  The stiffening assembly obtained by straightening the non-bonded fiber groups forming two L, the stiffening assembly obtained by straightening the unbound fiber groups forms an Omega section;

La fibre neutre de l'ensemble de raidissement suit une courbe nécessitant des recouvrements de parties contigues ;  The neutral fiber of the stiffening assembly follows a curve requiring overlaps of contiguous parts;

le procédé comprend au moins une étape de recouvrement au moins partiel de l'élément rapporté par au moins une portion d'au moins un ruban ; le recouvrement peut être réalisé de manière à ce que la portion suive le profil de l'élément rapporté ;  the method comprises at least one step of at least partial recovery of the insert element by at least a portion of at least one ribbon; the covering can be made so that the portion follows the profile of the insert;

le procédé comprend une étape d'imprégnation ; l'étape d'imprégnation peut être subséquente à l'étape de recouvrement de l'élément rapporté. the process comprises an impregnation step; the impregnation step may be subsequent to the step of covering the insert.

La présente invention concerne aussi une préforme réalisée selon un procédé selon la présente invention comprenant un liant thermosensible. The present invention also relates to a preform made according to a method according to the present invention comprising a heat-sensitive binder.

La préforme selon la présente invention comprend un ensemble de raidissement.  The preform according to the present invention comprises a stiffening assembly.

La préforme selon la présente invention peut comprendre un élément rapporté disposé au sein de la préforme, c'est-à-dire intégré dans la préforme, pouvant être un raidisseur.  The preform according to the present invention may comprise an insert element disposed within the preform, that is to say integrated into the preform, which may be a stiffener.

La présente invention concerne aussi une préforme réalisée selon un procédé selon l'invention comprenant un raidisseur intégré à la préforme, c'est-à-dire fabriquée à partir de rubans utilisés pour fabriquer la préforme, une telle préforme peut aussi comprendre un élément rapporté selon la présente invention.  The present invention also relates to a preform made according to a method according to the invention comprising a stiffener integrated in the preform, that is to say made from ribbons used to manufacture the preform, such a preform may also comprise an insert. according to the present invention.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée qui suit pour la compréhension de laquelle on se reportera aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :  Other features and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows for the understanding of which reference will be made to the appended drawings in which:

la figure 1 représente une vue partielle d'une préforme à un stade de fabrication selon un procédé de la présente invention ;  Figure 1 shows a partial view of a preform at a manufacturing stage according to a method of the present invention;

la figure 2 représente la partie de la préforme de la figure 1 selon un stade ultérieur de fabrication à celui de la figure 1 selon un procédé de la présente invention ; la figure 3 représente un arrangement de rubans de la préforme selon un mode de réalisation de la présente invention ; Fig. 2 shows the portion of the preform of Fig. 1 in a subsequent manufacturing step to that of Fig. 1 according to a method of the present invention; Fig. 3 shows a ribbing arrangement of the preform according to one embodiment of the present invention;

la figure 4 représente une vue partielle d'une préforme selon un premier mode de réalisation de la présente invention fabriquée selon un procédé de la présente invention ;  Figure 4 shows a partial view of a preform according to a first embodiment of the present invention manufactured according to a method of the present invention;

la figure 5 représente une vue partielle d'une préforme selon un second mode de réalisation de la présente invention fabriquée selon un procédé de la présente invention, impliquant un élément rapporté ; la figure 6 représente une vue partielle d'une préforme selon un troisième mode de réalisation de la présente invention fabriquée selon un procédé de la présente invention, impliquant un élément rapporté ; la figure 7 représente une vue simplifiée d'un dispositif de drapage automatique selon la présente invention.  Fig. 5 shows a partial view of a preform according to a second embodiment of the present invention manufactured according to a method of the present invention, involving an insert; Figure 6 shows a partial view of a preform according to a third embodiment of the present invention fabricated according to a method of the present invention, involving an insert; Figure 7 shows a simplified view of an automatic draping device according to the present invention.

Sur l'ensemble des figures, des références identiques ou analogues désignent des organes ou ensembles d'organes identiques ou analogues.  Throughout the figures, identical or similar references designate the same or similar organs or sets of members.

En référence à la figure 1, on décrit une vue partielle d'une préforme 1 à un stade de fabrication selon un procédé de la présente invention.  Referring to Figure 1, there is shown a partial view of a preform 1 at a manufacturing stage according to a method of the present invention.

La préforme 1 est fabriquée grâce à un procédé de drapage automatique à l'aide d'un automate de drapage automatique sur un moule 2 de plusieurs ensembles de rubans principaux, dits ensembles 3 ci-après. Chaque ensemble de rubans comprend au moins deux rubans disposés les uns sur les autres et fabriqués à partir de fibres sèches. Les ensembles de rubans comprennent en outre un liant thermosensible disposé sur au moins une partie d'une surface de l'un des rubans destinée à venir en contact avec l'autre ruban.  The preform 1 is manufactured by means of an automatic draping process by means of an automaton of automatic draping on a mold 2 of several sets of main ribbons, called assemblies 3 below. Each set of ribbons includes at least two ribbons arranged one over the other and made from dry fibers. The tape assemblies further include a heat-sensitive binder disposed on at least a portion of a surface of one of the ribbons for contacting the other tape.

Les rubans sont liés entre eux par le liant thermosensible lorsqu'il est chauffé.  The ribbons are bonded together by the heat-sensitive binder when heated.

Les rubans sont ainsi liés entre eux au fur et à mesure de leur dépose permettant une grande flexibilité de construction de la préforme.  The ribbons are thus linked together as and when they are removed, allowing a great flexibility of construction of the preform.

En référence à la figure 2 on décrit la partie de la préforme de la figure 1 selon un stade ultérieur de fabrication à celui de la figure 1 selon un procédé de la présente invention.  With reference to FIG. 2, the part of the preform of FIG. 1 is described according to a subsequent manufacturing step to that of FIG. 1 according to a method of the present invention.

À ce stade, par rapport à la figure 1, la préforme 1 comprend un premier ensemble de rubans supplémentaire 31, et un deuxième ensemble de rubans supplémentaire 32. Les premier et deuxième ensembles de rubans supplémentaires 31, 32, dits les ensembles 31, 32 ci-après, comprennent chacun au moins une couche de ruban fabriquée à partir de fibres sèches, respectivement 31a et 32a. Les ensembles 31, 32 sont étendus sur les ensembles 3selon le procédé de drapage automatique selon l'invention à l'aide de l'automate de drapage automatique sur l'ensemble 3 le plus éloigné du moule 2. At this point, with respect to FIG. 1, the preform 1 comprises a first set of additional ribbons 31, and a second set of additional ribbons 32. The first and second sets of additional ribbons 31, 32, called the sets 31, 32 below, each comprise at least one ribbon layer made from dry fibers, respectively 31a and 32a. The assemblies 31, 32 are extended on the assemblies 3 according to the automatic draping method according to the invention by means of the automatic draping automaton on the assembly 3 furthest from the mold 2.

Les ensemble 31, 32 comprennent une première portion destinée à être ainsi fixée à l'ensemble 3, par activation du liant 4.  The assembly 31, 32 comprise a first portion intended to be thus fixed to the assembly 3, by activation of the binder 4.

Les ensembles 31, 32 sont découpés lors d'une étape de découpe du procédé selon la présente invention, de sorte que les ensembles 31 et 32 se chevauchent au niveau d'une zone de chevauchement 5 dans laquelle le liant 4 n'est pas chauffé.  The assemblies 31, 32 are cut during a cutting step of the method according to the present invention, so that the assemblies 31 and 32 overlap at an overlap zone 5 in which the binder 4 is not heated. .

Notamment, il est souhaitable de laisser libre, c'est-à-dire non collés, les pans des ensembles 31 et 32 se trouvant dans la zone de chevauchement 5, les pans comprenant l'extrémité de chacun des ensembles 31 et 32 se trouvant au niveau de la zone de chevauchement 5 et la délimitant de manière à pouvoir réaliser des manipulations ultérieures souhaitées sur la préforme 1 et plus particulièrement sur les ensembles 31 et 32.  In particular, it is desirable to leave the faces of the assemblies 31 and 32 in the overlap zone 5 free, ie not glued, the faces comprising the end of each of the assemblies 31 and 32 being at the level of the overlap zone 5 and delimiting it so as to be able to perform subsequent manipulations desired on the preform 1 and more particularly on the sets 31 and 32.

En référence à la figure 3 on décrit un arrangement de rubans de la préforme selon un mode de réalisation de la présente invention.  Referring to Figure 3, an arrangement of ribbons of the preform according to one embodiment of the present invention is described.

En effet, les ensembles 31 et 32 de rubans peuvent comprendre une pluralité de rubans fabriqués à partir de fibres sèches, respectivement 31a, 31b, 31c, 31d, et, 32a, 32b, 32c, 32d superposés les uns aux autres, et fixés entre eux au fur et à mesure de leur dépose.  Indeed, the sets 31 and 32 of ribbons may comprise a plurality of ribbons made from dry fibers, respectively 31a, 31b, 31c, 31d, and 32a, 32b, 32c, 32d superimposed on each other, and fixed between them as and when they drop.

Les rubans de chaque ensemble 31 et 32 sont ici de préférence partiellement liés entre eux, de préférence au moins au niveau de deux zones de bord opposées, par un procédé selon la présente invention impliquant le liant thermosensible et l'étape de chauffage, de manière à faciliter une manipulation ultérieure des ensembles 31 et 32 nécessitant des recourbements des ensembles 31 et 32.  The tapes of each set 31 and 32 are here preferably partially bonded together, preferably at least at two opposite edge regions, by a method according to the present invention involving the heat-sensitive binder and the heating step, so to facilitate subsequent manipulation of the assemblies 31 and 32 requiring bending of the assemblies 31 and 32.

En référence à la figure 4, on décrit une étape de manipulation des ensembles 31 et 32 afin de réaliser une structure de raidissement 6 intégrée à la préforme 1 selon un mode de réalisation de la présente invention.  With reference to FIG. 4, a step of handling the assemblies 31 and 32 is described in order to produce a stiffening structure 6 integrated in the preform 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention.

Dans ce mode de réalisation particulier, les ensembles 31 et 32 comprennent chacun une deuxième portion, dite ci-après extrémité 311 et 321 respectivement. Les ensembles 31, 32 sont fixés entre eux de telle sorte que les extrémités 311 et 321 sont juxtaposées.  In this particular embodiment, the assemblies 31 and 32 each comprise a second portion, hereinafter called end 311 and 321 respectively. The sets 31, 32 are fixed together so that the ends 311 and 321 are juxtaposed.

Ainsi, les ensembles 31 et 32 sont accolés l'un à l'autre de manière à créer un profilé de raidissement de la préforme en s'élevant de la préforme 1. Dans ce cadre, les ensembles 31 et 32 sont progressivement accolés l'un à l'autre et le liant 4 est aussi chauffé de manière progressive au fur et à mesure du déroulement des opérations visant à accoler les ensembles 31 et 32. Thus, the assemblies 31 and 32 are joined to each other so as to create a stiffening section of the preform by rising from the preform 1. In this context, the assemblies 31 and 32 are gradually joined to each other and the binder 4 is also progressively heated as the course of operations to attach the assemblies 31 and 32.

Ainsi, on obtient une structure de raidissement totalement intégrée à la préforme 1, améliorant ainsi les caractéristiques mécaniques de la pièce finale (préforme imprégnée), notamment dans la mesure où le chemin des contraintes est homogène et surtout continu.  Thus, a stiffening structure totally integrated with the preform 1 is obtained, thus improving the mechanical characteristics of the final part (impregnated preform), particularly insofar as the path of the stresses is homogeneous and above all continuous.

En référence à la figure 5 on décrit une autre étape de manipulation des ensembles 31 et 32 afin de réaliser une autre structure de raidissement 6 intégrée à la préforme 1 selon un autre mode de réalisation de la présente invention.  Referring to Figure 5 there is described another step of handling the sets 31 and 32 to achieve another stiffening structure 6 integrated with the preform 1 according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, un élément rapporté 61 de raidissement est disposé sur la préforme 1. Les ensembles 31, 32 s'étendent le long de faces latérales de l'élément rapporté. Autrement dit, les ensembles 31, 32 recouvrent partiellement l'élément rapporté 61. Les ensembles 31 et 32 enveloppent partiellement, en suivant le profil, l'élément rapporté 61 de raidissement. Dans un autre mode de réalisation, le recouvrement pourrait être total au lieu de partiel.  In this embodiment, a stiffening insert 61 is provided on the preform 1. The assemblies 31, 32 extend along side faces of the insert. In other words, the assemblies 31, 32 partially cover the insert element 61. The assemblies 31 and 32 partly enclose, following the profile, the stiffening insert element 61. In another embodiment, the recovery could be total instead of partial.

Lors de cette dernière opération, les ensembles 31 et 32 sont progressivement fixés par chauffage du liant se trouvant sur les surfaces des ensembles 31 et 32 progressivement mises au contact de l'élément rapporté 61.  During this last operation, the assemblies 31 and 32 are progressively fixed by heating the binder lying on the surfaces of the assemblies 31 and 32 progressively brought into contact with the insert element 61.

En référence à la figure 6, on décrit une autre étape de manipulation des ensembles 31 et 32 afin de réaliser une autre structure de raidissement 6 intégrée à la préforme 1 selon un autre mode de réalisation de la présente invention.  Referring to Figure 6, there is described another step of handling assemblies 31 and 32 to achieve another stiffening structure 6 integrated with the preform 1 according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Ce mode de réalisation se distingue de celui de la figure 5 notamment en ce que l'élément rapporté 61 de raidissement est complètement enveloppé par les ensembles 31 et 32.  This embodiment differs from that of FIG. 5 in particular in that the stiffening element 61 is completely enveloped by the assemblies 31 and 32.

On notera dans ce mode de réalisation que les ensembles 31 et 32 se chevauchent dans la zone délimitée par leurs extrémités respectives 311 et 321.  It will be noted in this embodiment that the assemblies 31 and 32 overlap in the zone delimited by their respective ends 311 and 321.

De la même manière, les ensembles 31 et 32 sont progressivement fixés par chauffage du liant se trouvant sur les surfaces des ensembles 31 et 32 progressivement mises au contact de l'élément rapporté 61, et pour l'ensemble 32 par chauffage du liant se trouvant sur sa surface progressivement mise au contact de l'ensemble 31.  In the same way, the assemblies 31 and 32 are progressively fixed by heating the binder on the surfaces of the assemblies 31 and 32 progressively brought into contact with the insert element 61, and for the assembly 32 by heating the binder lying on its surface progressively brought into contact with the assembly 31.

À noter que pour les modes de réalisation impliquant un élément rapporté 61, l'élément rapporté 61 peut être aussi bien une pièce métallique que composite, pré-imprégnée ou sèche, par exemple tissée 3D. Il est à noter que les ensembles 31 et 32 peuvent être recouvert quel que soit le mode de raidissement envisagé par d'autres ensembles 3 de rubans fabriqués à partir de fibres sèches pour renforcer la préforme 1. Note that for embodiments involving an insert element 61, the insert 61 may be a metal part as well as composite, pre-impregnated or dry, for example 3D woven. It should be noted that the assemblies 31 and 32 can be covered irrespective of the stiffening mode envisaged by other sets 3 of ribbons made from dry fibers to reinforce the preform 1.

La figure 7 représente un ensemble de drapage automatique 7 selon un mode de réalisation de la présente invention, comprenant un élément chauffant 71 un élément compresseur 72, ici un rouleau, et un dispositif de découpe. L'élément chauffant 71 est configuré pour activer le liant 4 thermosensible de façon à lier les ensembles 3, 31, 32. L'élément compresseur est configuré pour compresser progressivement les rubans formant la préforme. Les rubans sont coupés au moyen du dispositif de découpe, par exemple un couteau, en fonction des longueurs désirées, par exemple pour réaliser des préformes 1 telles que divulguées dans les figures précédentes.  Fig. 7 shows an automatic draping assembly 7 according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprising a heating element 71, a compressor element 72, here a roll, and a cutting device. The heating element 71 is configured to activate the thermosensitive binder 4 so as to bind the assemblies 3, 31, 32. The compressor element is configured to progressively compress the ribbons forming the preform. The ribbons are cut by means of the cutting device, for example a knife, according to the desired lengths, for example to make preforms 1 as disclosed in the preceding figures.

Pour finir, la préforme subit une étape d'imprégnation, puis de cuisson pour former une pièce mécanique finale à partir de la préforme.  Finally, the preform undergoes a step of impregnation and baking to form a final mechanical part from the preform.

Bien entendu, la présente invention ne se limite pas simplement aux modes de réalisation décrits ci-dessus mais comprend toutes les variantes et les moyens équivalents de mise en œuvre des procédés décrits ci-dessus en tant que les procédés comprennent la fabrication d'une préforme par drapage automatique de fibres sèches en rubans liés entre eux par un liant thermosensible.  Of course, the present invention is not merely limited to the embodiments described above but includes all variants and equivalent means of implementing the methods described above as the methods include the manufacture of a preform by automatic draping of dry fibers into ribbons bound together by a heat-sensitive binder.

La présente invention comprend également toutes les préformes fabriquées selon un procédé de la présente invention.  The present invention also includes all preforms manufactured according to a method of the present invention.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS 1. Procédé de réalisation d'une préforme pour la fabrication d'une pièce mécanique composite comprenant au moins un ensemble de rubans principal (3) et au moins deux ensembles de rubans supplémentaires (31, 32), ledit procédé comprenant les étapes consistant à :  A method of producing a preform for the manufacture of a composite mechanical part comprising at least one set of main ribbons (3) and at least two sets of additional ribbons (31, 32), said method comprising the steps of : A. étendre une première portion des au moins deux ensembles de rubans supplémentaire (31, 32) sur l'au moins un ensemble de rubans principal (3) ; et  A. extending a first portion of the at least two sets of additional ribbons (31, 32) on the at least one set of main ribbons (3); and B. agencer une deuxième portion des au moins deux ensembles de rubans supplémentaire (31, 32) de façon à former une structure de raidissement (6),  B. arranging a second portion of the at least two sets of additional ribbons (31, 32) to form a stiffening structure (6), caractérisé en ce que ledit procédé comprend : characterized in that said method comprises: - une étape A' subséquente à l'étape A, consistant à fixer la première portion des ensembles de rubans supplémentaire (31, 32) à l'ensemble de rubans principal (3) par un liant (4) thermosensible, et  a step A 'subsequent to step A, of fixing the first portion of the additional ribbon assemblies (31, 32) to the main ribbon assembly (3) with a heat-sensitive binder (4), and - une étape de découpe desdits ensembles de rubans supplémentaire (31, 32) de sorte qu'ils se chevauchent au niveau d'une zone de chevauchement (5) dans laquelle le liant (4) n'est pas chauffé.  - A step of cutting said sets of additional ribbons (31, 32) so that they overlap at an overlap area (5) in which the binder (4) is not heated. 2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'étape A est réalisée par un ensemble de drapage automatique. The method of claim 1, wherein step A is performed by an automatic draping assembly. 3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel, lors de l'étape B, on redresse la deuxième portion de l'au moins un ensemble de rubans supplémentaire (31, 32) de façon à ce que la deuxième portion fasse saillie par rapport à l'au moins un ensemble de rubans principal (3) et à la première portion de l'au moins un ensemble de rubans supplémentaire (31, 32). 3. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein, in step B, it rectifies the second portion of the at least one set of additional ribbons (31, 32) so that the second portion makes protruding from the at least one set of main ribbons (3) and the first portion of the at least one additional set of ribbons (31, 32). 4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la préforme comprend un élément rapporté (61) destiné à coopérer avec la deuxième portion de l'au moins un ensemble de rubans supplémentaire (31, 32) de façon à former la structure de raidissement, le procédé comprenant une étape B0, antérieure à l'étape B, consistant à disposer un l'élément rapporté (61) sur l'au moins un ensemble de ruban principal (3). 4. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the preform comprises an insert (61) for cooperating with the second portion of the at least one set of additional ribbons (31, 32) so as to form the structure stiffening method, the method comprising a step B0, prior to step B, of disposing an insert (61) on the at least one main ribbon assembly (3). 5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, dans lequel, lors de l'étape B, on redresse la deuxième portion de l'au moins un ensemble de rubans supplémentaire (31, 32) de façon à étendre la deuxième portion le long d'au moins une partie de l'élément rapporté (61). The method of claim 4 wherein, in step B, the second portion of the at least one additional ribbon assembly (31, 32) is straightened to extend the second portion along the at least a portion of the insert (61). 6. Procédé selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel la préforme comprend deux ensembles de rubans supplémentaires (31, 32), et dans lequel, lors de l'étape B, on redresse les deuxièmes portions des deux ensembles de rubans supplémentaires (31, 32) de façon à ce qu'elles soient agencées l'une contre l'autre, ou agencées chacune contre au moins une partie de l'élément rapporté (61). 6. Method according to the preceding claim, wherein the preform comprises two sets of additional ribbons (31, 32), and wherein, in step B, the second portions of the two sets of additional ribbons (31, 32) are straightened. ) so that they are arranged against each other, or each arranged against at least a portion of the insert (61). 7. Procédé selon la revendication précédente, comprenant une étape B', subséquente à l'étape B, consistant à fixer les deuxièmes portions des deux ensembles de rubans supplémentaires (31, 32) l'une à l'autre ou à fixer chacune des deuxièmes portions à au moins une partie de l'élément rapporté (61). 7. Method according to the preceding claim, comprising a step B ', subsequent to step B, of fixing the second portions of the two sets of additional ribbons (31, 32) to each other or to fix each of second portions to at least a portion of the insert (61). 8. Préforme pour la réalisation d'une pièce mécanique obtenue par un procédé conforme à l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes. 8. Preform for producing a mechanical part obtained by a process according to any one of the preceding claims. 9. Procédé de réalisation d'une pièce mécanique composite comprenant les étapes consistant à : 9. A method of producing a composite mechanical part comprising the steps of: réaliser une préforme (1) conformément à l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7 ;  producing a preform (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7; imprégner la préforme (1) d'une matrice,  impregnating the preform (1) with a matrix, - cuire la préforme (1) imprégnée.  - bake the preform (1) impregnated.
PCT/FR2017/051971 2016-07-21 2017-07-19 Process for automatic drape forming of tapes of dry fibers Ceased WO2018015661A1 (en)

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FR1656961A FR3054160B1 (en) 2016-07-21 2016-07-21 METHOD FOR AUTOMATICALLY DRAPING DRY FIBER RIBBONS

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