WO2018014066A1 - Method and device for mounting a tubular branching element made of thermoplastic material to a main pipe made of thermoplastic material - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for mounting a tubular branching element (1) made of thermoplastic material to a main pipe (2) made of thermoplastic material. To do this, a branching element (1) with a placement saddle (7) and a branch pipe piece (8) connecting thereto is provided and a tensioning and lifting device (16) is attached to the placement saddle (7) of the branching element (1). The branching element (1) is subsequently lifted by means of the tensioning and lifting device (16) and the placement saddle (7) of the branching element (1) is placed on the cylindrical lateral surface (5) of the main pipe (2). The use of the tensioning and lifting device (16) further causes a pressing force to be applied between the branching element (1) and the main pipe (2) during thermoplastic welding of the branching element (1) to the main pipe (2). The tensioning and lifting device (16) is then removed from the branching element (1) and made available for another mounting procedure, to be performed subsequently. In addition, a corresponding tensioning and lifting device (16) and a suitable tubular branching element (1) are specified.

Description

 Method and device for mounting a tubular branching element made of thermoplastic material on a main pipe made of thermoplastic material

The invention relates to a method for mounting a tubular branching element made of thermoplastic material to a main pipe made of thermoplastic material, a case can be used tensioning and lifting device, and a usable here, tubular branching element, as indicated in the claims 1, 11 and 18.

From the prior art it is known to provide tubular branch elements, in particular so-called T or Y branches, which are designed like a sleeve and are to be integrated directly into the respective pipeline. Especially with a later required integration of such branch elements in existing pipes with relatively rigid definition difficulties in installation.

In addition, so-called saddle branches are known, which consist of a trough-like curved plate, in particular a tube half-shell, and a protruding pipe socket. The plate-like shell of such a saddle branch is pressed permanently with the interposition of an elastomeric sealing element against the lateral surface of a corresponding tube. The lateral surface of the tube has a cooperating with the saddle branch breakthrough to allow a fluid transition. Transverse to the plate of the saddle branch and at the same time wrapped around the pipe tension elements, especially metallic clamps, thereby build the mechanical connection between the pipe and the saddle branch permanently and also ensure the contact pressure of the intermediate sealing element, whereby the required Tightness of this pipe transition is to be achieved. Such measures are only partially suitable in connection with large-dimensioned pipe systems for commercial, public or industrial applications.

The object of the present invention was to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide methods or devices with which also possible on large-sized pipe systems, such as those required for public sewage or drinking water systems, or for power plants simple, economical and at the same time reliable assembly of a branch element can be made.

This object is achieved by a method and by devices according to the claims.

One advantage of the measures according to the invention is that it makes it possible to construct piping systems or pipe networks which, with regard to the use of thermoplastic material, permit good processibility or problem-free installation or assembly and thereby offer increased flexibility and good load-bearing capacity. In addition, this pipe systems can be created with an optimized load-to-weight ratio, especially in comparison to pipe systems made of steel, cast iron or concrete.

One advantage of the assembly measures according to the invention is, inter alia, that even with already existing or installed pipe systems made of large plastic pipes, in particular for sewer, irrigation or drinking water systems, in a simple and process-safe manner later desired pipe branches, in particular Zu - or drains relative to a main pipe, can be mounted relatively easily. In addition, it is also possible in underground pipe systems installed to attach a branch element to the particular desired or required point of a main pipe, without having to replace the main pipe or completely removed or exposed. Due to the assembly steps according to the invention a generic branch element made of thermoplastic material can be quickly, reliably and long-term reliably attached to a main pipe made of thermoplastic material. For example, existing underground pipe systems can also be provided relatively easily with corresponding branch elements at the respective desired or required point. The clamping and lifting device favors the quality of execution. In addition, this high work safety is achieved in the course of attaching a corresponding branch element. Especially if such branch elements and main pipes have a diameter of more than 500 mm or a branch element has a mass of more than 10 kg or of up to 100 kg and more, can with the specified measures the quality of installation and also the work safety in the course the assembly process can be significantly increased. After the corresponding clamping and lifting device is an auxiliary tool which can be used for a plurality of assembly operations, an optimized cost and benefit ratio can also be achieved in connection with the erection of corresponding line systems. In addition to the increased safety work can be achieved by a reproducible, run-optimized and relatively fail-safe assembly process. In particular, this makes it possible to build powerful plastic pipe systems which offer significantly better handling in comparison to similarly powerful pipe systems made of concrete, steel or glass fiber materials. Ultimately, this also pipe systems with relatively large dimensions can be erected, in particular plastic pipes with up to 2000 mm, or even up to 3000 mm diameter can be used. The branch elements can act as inlet elements, or serve as drainage elements with respect to a guided in a main pipe medium. Above all, the ease of use, economic transport, good manipulability with cranes in a relatively low performance class, and also the good variability with respect to the optimal mounting position of the branch element on the lateral surface of a main pipe favors the most economical implementation of such large pipe piping systems of thermoplastic Plastic. A particular advantage is also the absolute corrosion resistance of the pipe system. After no metallic fasteners or clamping elements in the region of the branch element are required and a corresponding pipe branch can be constructed exclusively by a thermoplastic joining process, there is a long-term usability of a correspondingly constructed pipe system or is it no longer required, costly corrosion tests and maintenance perform.

Also advantageous are the measures according to claim 2, since an existing main pipe acts as a kind of anchor point or as an abutment for an optimal contact pressure of the branching element to be welded. As a result, defined conditions can be provided or favorable force introductions can be ensured. In addition, it is not required that be exerted by external machinery, such as cranes, excavators or the like, contact forces, which increases the quality of the assembly process and also the safety at work. In particular, the main pipe provides a reliable anchor point or an always available abutment for the at least one tension belt, in order to be able to apply the required mutual pressure with the at least one tension belt. Special stability of external machines are not required. In addition, the attachment of straps is easy and failsafe feasible, so that the cost of appropriate training in the handling or in the assembly process can be minimized.

Also advantageous are the measures according to claim 3, since thereby the clamping or contact pressure, which is applied via the tensioning and lifting device on the branch element and subsequently to the main pipe, can be adjusted or adjusted according to individual requirements. In addition, main pipes with different diameters can thereby be easily processed or can be covered with only a predetermined length of the at least one tension belt, a plurality of main pipes with different pipe diameters. A further advantage of the specified measure is that the at least one tensioning belt can be attached to the tensioning device in a relatively fail-safe manner or according to schedule, so that errors with regard to the handling of the at least one tensioning belt can be virtually ruled out. Also shear stresses of the at least one tension belt can be minimized or refrained by the specified measures, whereby a long-term usability of the at least one tension belt can be ensured. In addition, this asymmetric force impulses or unilateral tensile stresses can be minimized or almost excluded.

Increased expediency and the measures according to claim 4, since a good metering of the mutual contact force between the branch element and the main pipe is achieved. An advantage of these measures is also that no additional energy, in particular no electrical energy is required to achieve the particular contact pressure between the branch element and the main pipe. The corresponding installation measures can therefore be carried out quickly and easily. In addition, the risk of overstressing the components involved can be kept low. Especially in contrast to motorized or hydraulic clamping devices with demand-dependent clamping force, the danger of over- loads or damage to the tools or workpieces involved by the claimed measures relatively low. In particular, by the claim manually to be operated winders for the at least one strap, the risk of overuse is relatively low, which is mainly due to the limited human operating force is ensured or due to the simple and good dosing of the clamping force is achieved.

Also advantageous are the measures according to claim 5, since unwanted deformations of the Aufsetzsattels in the course of thermal welding of the same can be avoided with the main pipe. In particular, it is thereby possible to apply sufficiently high contact forces of the branch element with respect to the main pipe, without permanent, undesirable deformations occurring at the Aufsetzsattel. In addition, an optimized force direction or pressing direction is thereby ensured, which hinders warping or twisting of the branch element in the course of the assembly process.

A particularly advantageous measure for facilitating the assembly of the branch element is specified in claim 6. In particular, it can also be mounted in a simple and process-safe manner inclined and aligned obliquely from the main pipe branch elements. Especially when such a Abzweigungsele- ment has a mass of more than 10 kg, in particular of up to 100 kg or more, thereby a person-safe and at the same time attaching the Abzweigungselementes on a large-sized, especially on a man-sized main pipe allows. Also, the achievable for the respective assembly personnel handling comfort can be kept as high as possible.

Of particular advantage are the measures according to claim 7, as a rapid and problem-free finding and taking the respectively desired or required position and angle position of the branch element with respect to an existing or permanently installed main pipe can be made possible. In particular, the required position can be quickly found or determined by an almost intuitively executable change in the bias of the at least one tension belt and immediately thereafter, the permanent fixation or welding of the branch element are made on the lateral surface of the main pipe. Above all, this can be laterally projecting or relative to the upper apex line of the main pipe deviating positions, in particular inclinations of the branch element, are created without the part of the respective assembly person or on the part of the assembly team difficult or strenuous holding and positioning operations would have to be performed.

Of particular expediency are the measures according to claim 8, as a process-reliable connection between the main pipe and the branching element to be attached thereto can be ensured. In addition, no special auxiliary tools are required to accomplish the thermoplastic welding can. In particular, the provision of an adequate source of electrical energy is sufficient to achieve a particularly permanent and qualitative connection between the main pipe and the branching element. In addition, a corresponding connection process can be performed relatively quickly and with high reliability. Also advantageous are the measures according to claim 9, since a secure coupling between the clamping and lifting device and the Aufsetzsattel can be achieved. In particular, in the course of lifting or Versetzarbeiten the Abzweigungselementes high work safety can be ensured. In addition, a quick change of state can be achieved by simple activation and deactivation of the positive connection or, as a result, short installation times can be achieved, as a result of which the cost-effectiveness of the method specified is additionally favored. Especially in contrast to frictional connections, especially in comparison to wraps or stopper gagging measures in relation to the branch pipe section, by the measures claimed unwanted slippage of the branch element and thus endanger persons or the risk of damage to the branch element or in the Surrounding objects are clearly minimized.

In addition, in connection with the measures according to claim 9 advantageous that in addition to a reliable mechanical coupling between the tensioning and lifting device and the branch element and a quick operation of the at least one coupling element can be achieved. In contrast to clamping devices, a particularly fail-safe or fail-safe mechanical connection can be built thereby. the one which minimizes the risk of accidents or unintentional decoupling of the branching element. In addition, accidents due to carelessness or incorrect operation can thereby be withheld because a positive coupling for the respective installation person is intuitively buildable and the proper structure can be recognized.

Also advantageous are the measures according to claim 10, since thereby the corresponding coupling members, in particular the counterparts can be implemented to the at least one positively acting coupling element on the tensioning and lifting device in a simple and cost-effective manner directly on or in the branch element. By attaching to the Aufsetzsattel also relatively large wall or material strengths are available, so that it is easily possible to install in the Aufsetzsattel lateral recesses or cuts, although the branch element must withstand certain compressive stresses or pressure peaks in the use state. In addition to these favorable mechanical strength values, an economical production of the at least one recess required for reliable mechanical coupling can thereby also be ensured.

The object of the invention is also achieved by a tensioning and lifting device according to the features of claim 11.

An advantage of the design according to the invention is that such a tensioning and lifting device can be used several times and thus an optimized cost-to-power ratio can be created. But also by the multiple functionality of the clamping and lifting device, in particular in its function as a lifting tool and in its additional function as a clamping tool against a main pipe, the economy of the overall system can be favored. Above all, through the use of at least one tensioning strap, a process-reliable and intuitively operated tensioning device can be provided beyond that to the respective assembly personnel. Among other things, by the formation of a pressure distribution plate undesirable deformations of the thermoplastic, softened in the course of a welding process branch element, in particular of its Aufsetzsattel, can be further avoided or refrained. In particular, the tensioning and lifting device according to the invention enables the creation of a high quality and at the same time buildable connection between a branch element and a main pipe. After this clamping and lifting device acts as an auxiliary tool, which can be used multiple times, its manufacturing costs are also rapidly amortized in view of the simplified and rapid assembly of several branch elements.

By the measure according to claim 12, a particularly reliable or failsafe, mechanical coupling between the tensioning and lifting device and a branch element to be lifted or displaced is created. The risk of unintentional disconnections of the mechanical coupling is thereby minimal, in particular in comparison to frictional connections, as for example when using slugs or the like. But even loops or wraps of Aufsetzsattels can be so unnecessary, so that the assembly and the welding process can be performed unhindered and according to schedule.

Due to the configuration according to claim 13, a clamping and lifting device is provided, which is provided for positive engagement in at least one recess in relatively thick-walled Aufsetzsattel the branch element, whereby a stable coupling can be achieved and the mechanical stability of the branch element and the Aufsetzsattels is hardly affected , Due to the positive coupling also a high work safety can be achieved without complex structural measures would have to be taken.

The measures according to claim 14 are also expedient, since a secure lifting of the tensioning and lifting device can thereby be ensured. Above all, the attachment of relatively heavy branching elements, in particular of branching elements with a mass of more than 20 kg, in particular of up to 100 kg or more, can easily be accomplished by means of simple lifting means, for example by means of cranes or winches. Also manually operated hydraulic lifting tools can be used in a safe manner for moving appropriate branch elements. Of particular advantage are the measures according to claim 15, since in particular a deviating from an upper apex line of the main pipe positioning of the branch element on the main pipe can be accomplished quickly and easily. In particular, this can result in an oblique-angled or quasi-one-sided elevation of a branching element fastened to the tensioning and lifting device, without the risk of a mechanical coupling failing. For example, an inclined attachment of the branch element to a horizontally or approximately horizontally extending main tube can thus be carried out in a simple manner, as is frequently required, in particular, in the case of already existing channel systems or pipe systems. In addition to a very comfortable and quick attachment can thus be ensured of a high work safety in relation to the people handling the tensioning and lifting device.

On the one hand, the pressure distribution plate can also be mounted on branch elements, in which the branch pipe piece is made relatively far reaching or in which at the end of the branch pipe piece a connecting flange is formed. In addition, by the division or division of the pressure distribution plate, the mass of the individual parts of the pressure distribution plate can be set so low that they can be easily and effortlessly mounted by only one person assembly. In particular, a relatively low mass of the individual components can thereby be ensured despite relatively high deformation stabilities.

The measures according to claim 17 are also advantageous, as this provides several components which can be joined together to form the corresponding tensioning and lifting device. This facilitates the handling of the individual components and, moreover, a particularly warp-resistant or bending-resistant construction can be created. Through the use of tool-actuated fasteners, the construction, but also the dismantling of the tensioning and lifting device with respect to a tubular branch element can be made quickly and easily.

The object of the invention is further achieved by a tubular branching element according to the features of claim 18. Due to the stated construction, a process-reliable, thermoplastic welding of the branch element with respect to a thermoplastic main pipe can be achieved. In particular, thereby defined contact forces can be generated, which are essential for a high-quality thermoplastic compound of said components. In addition, any overstressing or deformation of the branch pipe piece in its softened state, in particular during the welding process, can be obstructed by the corresponding shaping of the branching element. The same applies in this context for the main pipe. Also, the extension of the branch pipe piece to a far-reaching branch pipe can be made in a simple manner by the known extension or coupling methods.

As a result of the measures according to claim 19, relatively heavy-weight deflection elements can also be reliably offset, in particular raised, and positioned on a corresponding main tube. The corresponding mechanical coupling can be easily and reliably constructed without the risk of incorrect implementation. The production of the corresponding recesses or depressions is rational and economically feasible.

Above all, by the measures according to claim 20, a corresponding positive coupling means can be constructed particularly economically and efficiently. In addition, there is no impairment in terms of the load capacity, in particular with respect to the pressure capacity of the branch element. This is mainly because the Aufsetzsattel has a much higher wall thickness, as the adjoining, in particular welded branch pipe section.

Also advantageous are the measures according to claim 21, since this creates a relatively large or sufficiently large pressure introduction surface on the upper side of the Aufsetzsattels. This is particularly important in connection with the thermal welding or the thermoplastic, partially softened state of the saddle in the course of the assembly process against a main pipe of increased importance. In particular, can in spite of a thermally softened saddle a good or sufficiently high contact pressure against the respective mounting surface are applied to the lateral surface of the main pipe.

Asymmetric pressure loads, which could affect the assembly process are excluded by the measure according to claim 22. In particular, defined pressure transfers between the saddle of the branching element and a main pipe to be connected can be ensured.

Finally, the measures in accordance with FIG. 23 are advantageous since, as a result, the assembly times can be kept short and, in addition, a high-quality, fluid-tight connection between the corresponding components can be produced. In addition, good accessibility of the terminals can be ensured, which favors the ease of installation and also allows a lossless energy transfer possible from an electrical energy source to the resistance heating within the branch element.

For a better understanding of the invention, this will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.

In each case, in a highly simplified, schematic representation:

FIG. 1 shows an exploded view of individual components involved in the course of an assembly process according to the invention; FIG.

Fig. 2 is a tubular branch element with an attached clamping and

 Lifting device;

Fig. 3 is a tubular branch element on a main pipe during active

 Clamping function of the tensioning and lifting device;

4 shows the state of FIG. 3 in connection with a skew angle or

obliquely to be attached to a main pipe, tubular branching element; 5 shows the tensioning and lifting device according to FIG. 2 in disassembled state and in exploded view; FIG. Fig. 6, the tensioning and lifting device of FIG. 5 in the assembled state.

By way of introduction, it should be noted that in the variously described embodiments, identical parts are provided with the same reference numerals or the same component designations, wherein the disclosures contained in the entire description can be applied mutatis mutandis to the same parts with the same reference numerals or component names. Also, the location information chosen in the description, such as top, bottom, side, etc. related to the immediately described and illustrated figure and these position information in a change in position mutatis mutandis to transfer to the new location. In FIGS. 1 to 3, individual process steps in connection with an assembly process of a tubular branching element 1 with respect to a main pipe 2 are illustrated. Both the tubular branching element 1, which can also be referred to as a branch pipe, and the main pipe 2 are made of a thermoplastic material and thus by means of a thermal joining process, in particular by means of a plastic welding process, solid and highly gas- or liquid-tight connectable with each other. The aim of the assembly process is to create a possible leak-free connection for fluids, which are between the interior of the branch element 1 and the interior of the main tube 2 - or vice versa - to lead. A plastic advantageous for creating a main pipe 1 and a branching element 2 to be attached thereto is defined by polyethylene.

Typically, an inner diameter 3 of the branch element 1 is dimensioned to be smaller than an inner diameter 4 of the main tube 2. The cross section of the main tube 2 and the cross section of the branch element 1 are preferably circular or possibly oval. The specified assembly method can be used advantageously in particular branching elements 1 from an inner diameter 3 of about 300 mm, in particular from about 500 mm. Such branch elements 1 have, above all, if they correspond to To keep up pressure, a total mass, in which the specified assembly method can be used advantageously. The inner diameter 4 of the main tube 2 is typically more than 500 mm, in particular more than 700 mm, and can also have dimensions of up to 2000 mm easily. It can be seen that the specified assembly method especially in connection with plastic pipe systems with a relatively large diameter, especially at about man-sized pipe diameters, is used and therefore in particular in the field of sewage networks for drinking water, for irrigation systems, or for hydropower plants practicable is.

The branch element 1 is provided for mounting or attachment to the outer lateral surface 5 of the main tube 2. In order to create a fluidic connection between the interior of the main tube 2 and the interior or the inner cross section of the tubular branch element 1, at least one opening 6 corresponding to the branch element 1 (shown in dashed lines) is formed in the lateral surface 5 of the main tube 2 if necessary, to manufacture at a suitable position. This breakthrough 6 may thus be formed before the connection of the branch element 1 to the main pipe 2, or only after the connection, in particular only after execution of the welded connection between the branch element 1 and the main pipe 2, in the lateral surface 5 and in the Wall of the main pipe 2 incorporated, in particular be milled or cut out. The thermoplastic material of the main pipe 2 offers good machinability, in particular by means of cutting tools or by means of thermally operating tools. It is expedient if the tubular branching element 1 comprises a Aufsetzsattel 7 relative to the lateral surface 5 of the main tube 2 and a subsequent Aufsetzsattel 7 branch pipe section 8, as can be seen for example in FIG. The Aufsetzsattel 7 and the branch pipe section 8 are firmly connected to each other, in particular via their thermoplastic materials welded together. Alternatively, it is also possible to carry out the branching element 1 in one piece, in particular to produce it as a milling or rotating part. A wall thickness 9 of the hollow-cylindrical or hollow-prismatic mounting saddle 7 is a multiple, in particular at least twice, the preferred example, three to ten times a wall thickness of 10 fixed to the Aufsetzsattel 7, in particular welded branch pipe piece 8. The branch element 1 is preferably carried out in two parts and welded into a one-piece element. As stated above, it is also conceivable to carry out the branching element 1 in one piece, in particular by milling and turning operations to produce a plastic block. A clear inner diameter of the Aufsetzsattels 7 and the inner diameter 3 of the Abzweigungsrohstückes 8 are the same or substantially the same size. Due to the multiple thicker wall thickness 9 of the Aufsetzsattels 7 compared to the wall thickness 10 of the branch pipe section 8, a relatively large pressure introduction surface 11 and a collar 12 is formed at the top of the branch element 1. In particular, a distinctive collar 12 is thereby created at the branch element 1, which defines a substantially annular pressure introduction surface 11 around a lateral surface 13 of the Abzweigungsrohstückes 8. It is expedient here if this pressure introduction surface 11 is aligned at right angles to the lateral surface 13 of the branch pipe piece 8 or radially to the axis of the branch pipe piece 8. As already mentioned above, an outer circumferential surface 14 of the substantially hollow cylindrical Aufsetzsattels 7 is curved flat, in particular, it has a larger radius of curvature than the lateral surface 13 of the axially adjoining or connected branch pipe section 8. To a high-strength and liquid-tight as possible joining or In order to achieve a welded connection between the main pipe 2 and the branching element 1, the end or frontal welding surface 15 is designed as a groove adapted to the lateral surface 5 of the main pipe 2 or at least approximately adapted to the course of the lateral surface 5 of the main pipe 2. In particular, the contour or the concave curvature of the welding surface 15 on the underside of the branch element 1 corresponds to the course or the contour (curvature) of the lateral surface 5 of the main tube 2. In this way, the largest possible connection zone between the branch element 1, in particular between whose Aufsetzsattel 7, and the main tube 2 are created. Consequently, the Aufsetzsattel 7 relative to its thermoplastic material relatively rich or large area on the circular cylindrical domed, outer lateral surface 5 of the main tube 2 on or rest. The radial extent of the roughly annular welding surface 15 is a multiple, in particular at least three times, preferably at least five times, the cross-sectional area of the branch pipe piece 8 on the branch element 1. The opposite of the lateral surface 5 or corresponding to the lateral surface 5 shaped welding surface 15 on the main pipe facing front end of the branch element 1 thus allows an unimpeded or needs-based variation of the position of the branch element 1 both in relation to the longitudinal axis of the main pipe 2, as well as in terms of Circumferential direction of the main pipe 2.

From the above it can be seen that the indicated branching element 1, even if it is made of thermoplastic as indicated, may have a mass of more than 10 kg, in particular usually more than 30 kg, and depending on the dimension also may have a mass of up to 100 kg or more. In order to significantly improve the handling in the course of the assembly process for the installer or an assembly team, a clamping and lifting device 16, which is preferably formed from metallic elements, is provided. This tensioning and lifting device 16 is preferably formed from a plurality of individual parts, which in the assembled state and by appropriate interaction form the tensioning and lifting device 16 for the branching element 1. In the course of an assembly process of a branching element 1 on a corresponding main pipe 2 while this clamping and lifting device 16 is connected to the branching element 1, in particular attached to the Aufsetzsattel 7 of the branching element 1. In particular, the tensioning and lifting device 16 is threaded up or threaded over the branch pipe piece 11 so that it ultimately abuts or rests against the pressure introduction surface 11. In a sense, therefore, the plate or frame-like clamping and lifting device 16 is slipped over the branch pipe section 8 or the branch pipe section 8 by a central, according to the circular breakthrough 17 slipped over (threaded). After the tensioning and lifting device 16 is attached to the Aufsetzsattel 7 accordingly, the tensioning and lifting device 16 is preferably positively connected to the Aufsetzsattel 7 or coupled. This positive connection between the tensioning and lifting device 16 and the Aufsetzsattel 7 is preferably accomplished by at least one coupling element 18, 19. After this at least one coupling element 18, 19 between see the tensioning and lifting device 16 and the branching element 1, if necessary, activated and deactivated, a required active and can be deactivated, positively acting connection device 20 is provided. This connecting device 20 between the branching element 1, in particular between the Aufsetzsattel 7 and the Clamping and lifting device 16 may be actuated without tools, or - as shown schematically - be activated and deactivated as required by a plurality of clamping screws 21. In a simple manner, the coupling elements used 18, 19 may be formed by U-profiles, with which a positive and non-positive coupling between the clamping and lifting device 16 and the tubular branch element 1 constructed or can be deactivated again if necessary.

The corresponding clamping force between the tensioning and lifting device 16 and the branching element 1 can be achieved by actuating or tightening the clamping screws 21. Alternatively, a purely tool-operated embodiment, in particular a hook or pawl design with a possible locking or pawl is conceivable.

It is expedient here if the at least one coupling element 18, 19 of the coupling or connecting device 20 is provided for positively engaging or engaging behind at least one recess 22, 23 or corresponding depressions on the placement saddle 7 of the branching element 1. It is practicable, if the at least one recess 22, 23 is slit-like and runs transversely to the tube axis 24 of the branching element 1 in or along the lateral surface 14 of the saddle 7 runs. In particular, the preferably diametrically opposed recesses 22, 23 may be formed by chord-like, groove-shaped incisions in the lateral surface 14 of the Aufsetzsattels 7. The relatively large wall thickness 9 of the Aufsetzsattels 7 favors the attachment of these groove-like recesses 22, 23 or of corresponding depressions, without thereby the compressive strength and resilience of the branching element 1 would be significantly impaired. In addition, such recesses 22, 23 are relatively simple and economical to produce. The attachment of recesses 22, 23 in the lateral surface 14 of the Aufsetzsattels 7 is also useful because an outer diameter 25 of the hollow cylindrical or hollow prismatic Aufsetzsattels 7 at least 10%, in particular between 20% and 100%, is greater than an outer diameter 26 of the hollow cylindrical branch pipe section 8. In addition, this can be a large or sufficient

Pressure introduction surface 11 are provided at the top of the Aufsetzsattels 7, which is advantageous, inter alia, during the thermoplastic welding or in connection with the at least partial softening of the Aufsetzsattels 7 is appropriate. The corresponding recesses 22, 23 are preferably defined by diametrically opposite, slot-shaped grooves 27, 28 in the Aufsetzsattel 7 and dimensioned such that the lower legs of preferably formed by a U-shaped coupling elements 18, 19 can engage positively therein, like this can be seen inter alia from Fig. 2.

In order to accomplish a practicable and at the same time reliable welding between the branch element 1 made of thermoplastic material and the main tube 2 made of thermoplastic material, it is particularly expedient if at least one resistance heater 29 is at least partially embedded in the placement saddle 7, in particular embedded in its thermoplastic material. In particular, such a resistance heater 29 is formed by ohmic resistance elements or by spiral or coil-like wound heating or resistance lines. It is expedient if this at least one resistance heating 29 or heating coil is positioned near the lower Verschwel- ßungsfläche 15 and is embedded in the radial direction with respect to the Aufsetzsattels 7 completely in the plastic material of the saddle 7 Aufsetz or integrated. Electrical connection contacts 30, 31 for acting on the resistance heater 29 with electrical energy are starting from the surface of the saddle 7, in particular accessible from the pressure introduction surface 11 accessible or accessible. It is expedient here if these connection contacts 30, 31 are formed by pin-like, metallic elements, which are positioned recessed relative to the pressure introduction surface 11, so that damage thereof during the attachment of the tensioning and lifting device 16 can be virtually ruled out. According to a practicable embodiment, the two terminal contacts 30, 31 are arranged diametrically opposite to the Aufsetzsattel 7. The recessed relative to the pressure introduction surface 11 positioning can be accomplished in a simple manner that the pins are arranged within a corresponding recess, starting from the pressure introduction surface 11. The connection contacts 30, 31 can be provided for electrical contacting with gripping or plug-in terminals on connection cables to an electrical energy source. After the tensioning and lifting device 16 has been mounted on the Aufsetzsattel 7 of the branching element 1 and positively connected to the Aufsetzsattel 7, the branching element 1 can be raised via the tensioning and lifting device 16 safely and torsion-free. Depending on the weight and size of the branching element 1, this lifting operation can advantageously be accomplished by means of a lifting device, in particular by means of a loader crane. Especially when using a mechanical lifting means, in particular by means of a crane, a jerk or shock-free placement of the branch element 1, in particular of its Aufsetzsattel 7, on the cylindrical surface 5 of the main tube 2 is simple and easy to carry out. The tensioning and lifting device 16 thereby promotes a gentle and at the same time positionally accurate attachment of the branching element 1 at the desired or respectively optimum position with respect to the lateral surface 5 of the main tube 2.

The assumption of the plan or desired position of the branching element 1 relative to the lateral surface 5 of the main pipe 2 can be promoted or accelerated by applying a contact pressure between the branching element 1 and the main pipe 2. In particular, an improved or simpler positioning of the branch element 1 at the required or desired position can be achieved by defined contact forces and thus by slight frictional forces between the welding surface 15 and the bearing surface of the Aufsetzsattels 7 and the lateral surface 5 of the main tube 2.

This is especially advantageous if the desired position of the branch element 1 is located away from an upper apex line 32 of a horizontally or inclined main pipe 2. The respective contact pressure is advantageously applied by using at least one band-shaped tensioning belt 33, 34. Such a tension belt 33, 34 allows easy dosing or a nearly intuitive determination of the contact pressure and thus the frictional force between the bottom or the weld surface 15 of the branch element 1 and the lateral surface 5 of the main tube 2. Thus, a simple or "soulful "Positioning of the branching element 1 can also be achieved by taking oblique positions of the tube axis 24 of the branching element 1 with respect to a vertical cross-sectional or vertical axis 45 of the horizontally or inclined main tube 2, as exemplified in Fig. 4. This becomes, inter alia achieved in that the at least one tensioning belt 33 or 34, preferably a pair of tensioning straps 33, 34, extends along a portion of the circumference of the main tube 2 and thereby frictionally abuts the outer circumferential surface 5 of the main tube 2. In particular, the at least one tensioning strap 33, 34 is thereby guided at least partially around the circumferential section of the main tube 2, as best seen from a comparison of FIGS. 1 and 3. In addition, after appropriate determination of the position of the branch element 1, the external lifting means, in particular a load hook of a crane load, uncoupled and be moved away from the working or mounting area. The amount of clamping or contact force between the Aufsetzsattel 7 and the main tube 2 can be adjusted by means of at least one clamping device 35, 36 at the at least one tensioning belt 33, 34, which tensioning device 35, 36 preferably manually, or adjusted as needed , In particular, the at least one tensioning belt 33, 34 can be shortened and extended as required by means of the at least one tensioning device 35, 36, and thus individually varied in terms of its pretension or tensile force. It is expedient if the at least one tensioning strap 33, 34 has two ends, which can be provided in particular with hooks. Alternatively, an embodiment of the at least one tensioning belt 33, 34 is possible, in which one end of the at least one tensioning belt 33, 34 is permanently connected to the tensioning and lifting device 16. It is advantageous, however, if such a tension belt 33, 34 with its first longitudinal end 37, for example via a hook, at a first end portion 38 of the tensioning and lifting device 16 is fixed or connected and with its second, distal longitudinal end 39, beispielsgemäß another Hook, on a relative to the first end portion 38 opposite end portion 40 of the tensioning and lifting device 16 is fixed or connected.

It is expedient if the at least one tensioning device 35, 36 comprises a winding device 41, 42, which can be actuated manually by an operator, in particular a drum arrangement, for which at least one tensioning belt 33, 34 comprises. In particular, the at least one tensioning device 35, 36 can be formed by at least one ratchet buckle with a pivotally mounted ratchet lever 43, 44. As a result, the respectively acting Zugbzw. Biasing force of the at least one tension belt 33, 34 are varied individually in a sufficiently large area. The at least one tensioning belt 33, 34 is released after the assembly or welding of the branching element 1 again and removed or removed and can then be used again. It is preferably non-metallic and is preferably made of plastic or this is formed from a woven or textile tape. A practicable embodiment of the at least one tension belt 33, 34 consists in a belt, as it can be used for securing cargo, after such straps are inexpensive and represent a well-tested design.

The same applies to the tensioning and lifting device 16. These also after assembly or welding of the branch element 1, in particular after sufficient curing of the plastic welded joint, removed again from the branching element 1, in particular lifted and is this tensioning and lifting device 16 then for additional assembly operations available. Since there are no metallic elements left at the branch point which would be at risk of corrosion or rust, the specified method and system are suitable in particular for above-ground or open-air pipelines, but also for underground pipelines.

From the above it is clear that a desired angle position of the tube axis 24 of the branch element 1 with respect to the cross-sectional vertical axis 45 of a substantially horizontally or inclined aligned main tube 2 in a simple manner by adjusting the biasing force of the at least one Tensioning belt 33, 34 and / or adjusted as needed by adjusting a force acting on the tensioning and lifting device 16 direction and / or height of a pulling or lifting force against the tensioning and lifting device 16. In particular, by increasing or decreasing the lifting or pulling forces of a lifting means, in particular a crane, the lateral positioning of the branching element 1 relative to the cross-sectionally typically circular main tube 2 can be accomplished. In particular, by off-center attachment or by off-center tensile load via rope, chain or belt-shaped lifting means 46, 46 '; 47, 47 'on the tensioning and lifting device 16 in the course of placement and the positioning of the branch element 1, the respectively required, from the upper apex line 32 of the main pipe 2, if necessary, deviate ing position of a branching element 1 to be mounted, are taken quickly and easily. Such, for example, tilted laterally by 45 ° with respect to the upper crest line 32 desired or demand position of a branch element 1, which is to be mounted on a permanently installed main pipe 2, has been exemplified in Fig. 4. Preferably, a pair of tension straps 33, 34 is provided, whose force or tensioning direction in each case extends laterally to the lateral surface 13 of the branch pipe section 8.

As can best be seen from FIGS. 5, 6, according to a particularly expedient embodiment, provision is made for the tensioning and lifting device 16 for the saddle-type branching element 1 to comprise at least one pressure distribution plate 48 which is located opposite the abutment surface 15 , Essentially annular pressure introduction surface 11 of the saddle 7 is provided. This pressure introduction plate 48 distributes the tension or tension forces acting on the diverting element 1 or on its pressure introduction surface 11 via the tensioning device 35, 36 or the tensioning forces acting on the at least one tensioning belt 33, 34 as uniformly as possible, in particular in the course of the thermal Welding process excessive deformation or one-sided pressure loads and concomitant, defective welds can be reliably prevented. In particular, the at least one pressure distribution plate 48 for abutment with the pressure introduction surface 11 is provided on the upper side of the attachment saddle 7 of a branching element 1 to be mounted. In this context, it is expedient if in each case at least one coupling point 50, 51 at respective opposite end portions 38, 40 of the pressure distribution plate 48 and a stiffening frame 49 supported thereon, in particular in its corner regions. 50 ', 5 for releasably releasable connection with the at least one band-shaped strap 33, 34 is provided. According to the example, the at least one coupling point 50, 51; 50 ', 5 for the longitudinal ends 37, 39 of the at least one tensioning belt 33, 34 formed by transverse or anchor bolts on the stiffening frame 49. These may alternatively be formed by eyelets, openings or Einhängelaschen.

In order to achieve an off-center or oblique-angled increase and a resulting, favorable positioning of the branch element 1 on the lateral surface 5 of the main tube 2, are on the pressure distribution plate 48 or alternatively on the top of the Pressure distribution plate 48 resting stiffening frame 49 at least three, preferably four, anchoring means 52, 52 '; 53, 53 'for fixing or, if necessary, releasable connection with corresponding rope, chain or belt-shaped lifting means 46, 46'; 47, 47 'formed, as best seen in FIGS. 5, 6 can be seen. While a longitudinally oriented or a diagonal use of anchoring means 52, 53 and of lifting means 46, 47 coupled thereto would in principle be sufficient, the use of at least three, preferably four, anchor points and lifting means 46, 46 '; 47, 47 ', in particular of so-called slings, in order to achieve the most stable or wobble-free lifting or as controlled as possible, oblique-angled displacement of the branching element 1.

It is expedient in this context if the anchoring means 52, 52 '; 53, 53 'are positioned eccentrically or decentrally with respect to the pressure distribution plate 48 or with respect to its center, in particular being arranged at a distance from at least one central or transverse axis of the pressure distribution plate 48. This allows an off-center and thus oblique-angled or inclined increase of the branch element 1 and, consequently, a better, sideways or obliquely oriented positioning of the branch element 1 with respect to the lateral surface 5 of the main tube 2. According to an expedient embodiment it can be provided that the pressure distribution plate 48 is formed in two or more parts. As a result, even if the branch pipe piece 8 is made relatively wide, or if the latter has a connection flange, the pressure distribution plate 48 can be relatively easily mounted. Positive locking or screw connections 54, 55 - FIG. 5 - can be provided in order to block the individual parts, in particular plate halves, with respect to undesired relative displacements. In particular, relative four shifts in the plane of the pressure introduction surface 11 or in the plane of the plate can thus be reliably prevented. It is also expedient to form the stiffening frame 49 provided on the upper side of the pressure distribution plate 48 from a plurality of profile elements 56 to 59, for example by U-profiles. These profile elements 56 to 59 can also the coupling points 50, 50 '; 51, 5 for releasably releasable connection with the at least one strap 33, 34th have or define. The profile elements 56 to 59, which can be joined together, for example, to form a substantially square frame, can be screwed, in particular firmly screwed, to connecting elements 60, preferably by way of example, via a plurality of toggles. By the measures indicated a multipart, relatively stable clamping and lifting device 16 can be created. Due to the multi-part construction thereof, in particular by the multi-part stiffening frame 49 and the optionally multi-part pressure distribution plate 48, an effortless, purely manual assembly of such a clamping and lifting device 16 can be made to a corresponding branch element 1. This is particularly advantageous in the environment of excavations or other construction sites. In particular, due to the multiple parts of the tensioning and lifting device 16, a requirement of, for example, hydraulic lifting means is not required and assembly of the tensioning and lifting device 16 can be performed by a single person, in particular by only one fitter or by a team of fitters. The corresponding assembly or the respective assembly can also be carried out relatively quickly and particularly fail-safe by the specified measures. The achievable performance values, in particular the achievable load capacity of the tensioning and lifting device 16 is thereby relatively high. Consequently, an optimized ratio between mountability, total mass and stability can be achieved by the specified measures.

The embodiments show possible embodiments, it being noted at this point that the invention is not limited to the specifically illustrated embodiments thereof, but also various combinations of the individual embodiments are mutually possible and this variation possibility due to the teaching of technical action by representational invention in Can the expert working in this technical field.

The scope of protection is determined by the claims. However, the description and drawings are to be considered to interpret the claims. Individual features or combinations of features from the various exemplary embodiments shown and described can represent inventive solutions of their own. The task underlying the independent inventive solutions can be taken from the description. All information on ranges of values in objective description should be understood to include these arbitrary and all sub-ranges thereof, eg the indication 1 to 10 should be understood to encompass all sub-ranges, starting from the lower limit 1 and the upper limit 10 , ie all sections begin with a lower one

Limit of 1 or greater and end at an upper limit of 10 or less, e.g. 1 to 1.7, or 3.2 to 8, 1, or 5.5 to 10.

For the sake of order, it should finally be pointed out that for a better understanding of the construction, elements have been shown partially unevenly and / or enlarged and / or reduced in size.

REFERENCE NUMBERS

Branch element 31 connection contact

 Main pipe 32 crest line

 Inner diameter 33 tension belt

 Inner diameter 34 tension belt

 Lateral surface 35 clamping device

 Breakthrough 36 clamping device

 Aufsetzsattel 37 longitudinal end

 Branch pipe section 38 end section

 Wall thickness 39 longitudinal end

 Wall thickness 40 end section

 Prin ting surface 41 Winder

 Covenant 42 W illness

 Lateral surface 43 Ratchet lever

 Lateral surface 44 ratchet lever

 Welding surface 45 Cross-sectional vertical axis

Clamping and lifting device 46, 46 'lifting means

 Breakthrough 47, 47 'lifting means

 Coupling element 48 pressure distribution plate

Coupling element 49 stiffening frame

Connecting device 50, 50 'coupling point

 Clamping screws 51, 51 'coupling point

 Recess 52, 52 'anchoring means

Recess 53, 53 'anchoring means

Pipe axis 54 Form-fitting or Schraub¬

Diameter connection

 Diameter 55 form-locking or Schraub¬

Groove connection

 Groove 56 profile element

 Resistance heating 57 Profile element

Connection contact 58 profile element Profile element fasteners

Claims

Patent claims 1. A method for mounting a tubular branching element (1) of thermoplastic material on a main pipe (2) made of thermoplastic material, comprising at least the steps  - Providing a branch element (1) with a Aufsetzsattel (7) and an adjoining Abzweigungsrohrstück (8);  - Attaching a tensioning and lifting device (16) on Aufsetzsattel (7) of the branching element (1); - Form-fitting connection of the tensioning and lifting device (16) with the Aufsetzsattel (7); - Lifting the branch element (1) via the clamping and lifting device (16) and placing the saddle (7) of the branch element (1) on the cylindrical surface (5) of the main tube (2);  - Applying a contact force between the branch element (1) and the main tube (2) using the tensioning and lifting device (16);  - Thermoplastic welding of the branch element (1) with the main tube (2); - Removal of the tensioning and lifting device (16) from the branch element (1) and provision of the clamping and lifting device (16) for another, subsequently to be performed assembly process. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the contact pressure using at least one band-shaped tension belt (33, 34) is applied, which at least one tension belt (33, 34) along a portion of the outer circumference of the main pipe (2) and while on the outer circumferential surface (5) of the main tube (2) rests. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the at least one tensioning belt (33, 34) by means of at least one tensioning device (35, 36) if necessary shortened and extendable and with its first longitudinal end (37) at a first end section (38) of the tensioning and lifting device (16) can be fixed or connected and with its second longitudinal end (39) at a second, the first end portion (38) opposite end portion (40) of the clamping and lifting device (16) can be fixed or connected is. 4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the at least one tensioning device (35, 36) comprises at least one manually operable by an operator winding device (41, 42) for the at least one tensioning belt (33, 34), in particular by at least one ratchet buckle with at least one pivotally mounted ratchet lever (43, 44) is formed. 5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tensioning and lifting device (16) comprises a pressure distribution plate (48) which for abutment against a to a welding surface (15) of the Aufsetzsattels (7) opposite, substantially annular pressure introduction surface (11) of the Aufsetzsattels (7) is provided. 6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the placement and positioning of the branch element (1) deviating from an upper apex line (32) of the main tube (2) positions by eccentric attachment or off-center tensile load of rope, chain or belt-shaped lifting means (46, 46 ', 47, 47') on the tensioning and lifting device (16) is made. 7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that a desired angular position of a central tube axis (24) of the branching element (1) with respect to a Cross-sectional vertical axis (45) of a substantially horizontally or inclined aligned, in its cross-section circular main pipe by adjusting the biasing force of the at least one tensioning belt (33, 34) and / or by adjusting the needs of the tensioning and lifting device (16) acting Direction and / or height of a pulling or lifting force is adjusted. 8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thermoplastic welding takes place with the aid of a Aufsetzsattel (7) at least partially embedded resistance heater (29), for which the Widerstandshei- tion (29) is acted upon by electrical energy. 9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the positive connection between the tensioning and lifting device (16) and the Aufsetzsattel (7) by at least one adjustably mounted coupling element (18, 19) as needed activated and deactivated. 10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the at least one coupling element (18, 19) for the positive engagement in or for engaging behind at least one recess (22, 23) or depression on Aufsetzsattel (7) is provided. 11. Clamping and lifting device (16) for mounting a tubular branching element (1) of thermoplastic material on a main pipe (2) made of thermoplastic plastic, in particular for use in a method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a pressure distribution plate (48) is formed, which for engagement with a pressure introduction surface (11) on the upper side of a Aufsetzsattels (7) of a branching element (1) to be mounted is provided, and that at opposite end portions (38, 40) of the pressure distribution plate (11) or a stiffening frame (49) supported thereon is provided in each case at least one coupling point (50, 50 ', 51, 5) for releasably connecting, as required, with at least one band-shaped tensioning belt (33, 34). 12. Clamping and lifting device according to claim 11, characterized in that at least one coupling element (18, 19) is provided, which is designed for activating and deactivatable coupling with the Aufsetzsattel (7) of a branch element (1). 13. Clamping and lifting device according to claim 12, characterized in that the at least one coupling element (18, 19) for positive engagement in or for Behind at least one recess (22, 23) or recess in the region of a lateral surface (14) of the Aufsetzsattels (7) is provided. 14. Clamping and lifting device according to one of claims 11 to 13, character- ized in that on the pressure distribution plate (48) or on the top of the Pressure distribution plate (48) resting stiffening frame 49) at least three, preferably four anchoring means (52, 52 '; 53, 53') for fixing or, if necessary, detachable Connection with rope, chain or band-shaped lifting means (46, 46 ', 47, 47') are formed. 15. Tensioning and lifting device according to claim 14, characterized in that the anchoring means (52, 52 ', 53, 53') are positioned eccentrically with respect to the pressure distribution plate (48), in particular with respect to a transverse or central axis of the pressure distribution plate (48 ) are arranged at a distance. 16. Clamping and lifting device according to one of claims 11 to 15, character- ized in that the pressure distribution plate (48) is formed in two parts and that in the assembled state of the pressure distribution plate (48) in the center region of a circular opening (17) is formed, which is provided for enforcement by means of a branch pipe piece (8) of a branching element (1) to be mounted. 17. Clamping and lifting device according to one of claims 11 to 16, characterized in that the stiffening frame (49) of a plurality of profile elements (56, 57, 58, 59) is formed, which via tool-actuated fasteners (60), in particular via gag screw, with the pressure distribution plate (48) are connectable. 18. Tubular branching element (1) made of thermoplastic material for use in combination with a tensioning and lifting device (16) according to any one of claims 11 to 17 and / or for use in a mounting method according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the branching element (1) has a Aufsetzsattel (7) with a on a lateral surface (5) of a main tube (2) at least partially adapted Verschweißungsfläche (15) and an opposite Druckeinleitungsfläche (11), from which pressure introduction surface (11) a branch pipe piece (8 ) of the branching element (1) protrudes. 19 branch element according to claim 18, characterized in that the setting saddle (7) has an at least approximately cylindrical lateral surface (14), in which at least one recess (22, 23) or depression is formed and which recess mung (22, 23) or recess for the need to build and cancel a positive connection with a clamping and lifting device (16) for the branch element (1) is provided. 20. branch element according to claim 19, characterized in that the at least one recess (22, 23) or depression by a respective slot-shaped groove (27, 28) is formed, which in the transverse direction to a tube axis (24) of the branching element (1) , 21 branch element according to one of claims 18 to 20, characterized in that an outer diameter (25) of the hollow cylindrical Aufsetzsattels at least 10%, in particular between 20% and 100%, is dimensioned larger than an outer diameter (26) of the hollow cylindrical Abzweigungsrohrstücks (8th). 22 junction element according to one of claims 18 to 21, characterized in that the pressure introduction surface (1 1) is planar and perpendicular to the tube axis (24) of the branching element (1). 23 branch element according to one of claims 18 to 22, characterized marked, that in Aufsetzsattel (7) at least one resistance heater (29) is at least partially embedded and electrical connection contacts (30, 31) for acting on the resistance heater (29) with electrical energy starting from the surface of the Aufsetzsattels (7), in particular starting from the pressure introduction surface (1 1) accessible or accessible.