WO2018011329A1 - Connection system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a connection system (1) for connecting a wooden component (3) to a building element (5), comprising a first retaining section (13) for the building element (5), a second retaining section (14) for the wooden component (3), a coupling element (15) that detachably connects the first retaining section (13) and the second retaining section (14) to one another, wherein the second retaining section (14) has (i) a wooden-component-side fitting (20) with a first contact surface (30) for securing to a first surface of the wooden component (3) and (ii) a second contact surface (31) for a second surface of the wooden component (3), wherein the first contact surface (30) of the wooden-component-side fitting (20) and the second contact surface (31) of the second retaining section (14) together enclose an angle (a) that is different to 180°.

Description

 CONNECTION SYSTEM

The present invention relates to a connection system for connecting a timber component to a building element. Furthermore, the invention relates to a timber construction connection comprising at least one such connection system. Finally, the invention relates to a building comprising at least one such connection system.

State of the art

In concrete construction, various connection systems for connecting a building with a projecting component, which avoid local cold bridges, are well known. By thermal decoupling of building exterior shell and the cantilever component, the attachment or implementation of an insulating layer can be accomplished without interruption.

In timber construction causes the formation of cantilevered components due to the relatively poor thermal conductivity of wood low local cold bridges, which usually lead to low building physics weaknesses. With a thermal conductivity of approx. 0.12 W / mK, wood is around a factor of 3 worse than conventional thermal insulation materials, which have an average thermal conductivity of 0.04 W / mK. In buildings with increased thermal requirements (such as in passive houses, active buildings) prepare the state-of-the art projections with a implementation of the wood element and an interruption of the insulating layer in wood construction problems.

In addition to the requirements for heat or cold protection in timber construction in the execution of projections in the prior art, a further, sometimes much larger vulnerability. This relates to the formation of a continuous airtight plane in order to prevent undesired local convection of warm, moisture-saturated air from the inside to the outside, in order to avoid the resulting increased moisture in the supporting structural elements and the damage usually associated therewith. Since system-related in structures made of wood, in particular cross-laminated timber (short BSP or CLT), joints and joints are present, the risk of increased air convection in the range of elemental shocks but also in the range of lamella joints of the individual elements is particularly high. This can be reduced only by an increased workload by subsequent sealing and / or bonding. Another problem in timber construction is the weather exposure of projecting components, especially during the construction and assembly phase. Even with compliant sealing of the cantilevered components, various factors (eg direct ventilation) can damage the timber component. To make matters worse, that in a claim cantilevers that go from the building interior to the outside, can be replaced only with considerable effort, or usually only as a separate superior components are re-assembled, making their own load dissipation constructions are required. DE 88 03 937 Ul discloses a connection system for connecting a timber component to a building element, with a holding portion which is poured into concrete and a holding portion for the timber component. The connection system is integrally formed, since both holding portions are welded together. The device disclosed in US 8,893,441 shows a mounting of a timber component pivotable about a rotating pocket. From US 8,893,441, however, no generic connection system, since a connection of a timber component to a building element due to the pivotability does not appear possible.

Brief description of the invention

The subject invention has set itself the task of providing a connection system for timber construction, which addresses the above problems. In particular, the problem of interchangeability of Kragbauteile, and the thermal decoupling of the cantilever is to be solved.

This object is achieved by a connection system for connecting a timber component to a building element, characterized by a first holding portion for the building element, a second holding portion for the timber component, a coupling element, which releasably interconnects the first holding portion and the second holding portion, wherein the second holding portion (i) a wood component side fitting having a first contact surface for attachment to a first surface of the timber component; and (ii) a second contact surface for a second surface of the timber component, wherein the first contact surface of the wood component side fitting and the second contact surface of the second retention portion are one of 180 Enclose different angles α with each other. The building element is preferably also a wooden construction element, for example a floor slab.

Such a connection system is on the one hand via the first holding portion, preferably on the building side fitting, on the building, such as. a floor ceiling, fixed. On the other hand, the timber component, e.g. a balcony or balcony support, fastened on the hardware component side fitting, so that the building and timber component are connected via the connecting element. The connection is a detachable connection. This means that the connection of the two holding sections can be solved without destroying any of the holding sections, e.g. via a screw, rivets or the like.

About such a connection system, it is possible that the building side fitting with an airtightness element is first attached to the building. In a further step, the building's own airtightness layer is connected to the airtightness element, for example by means of adhesive bonding.

The airtightness layer may comprise a foil and / or thermal and / or acoustic insulation elements which are applied to the building.

Thereafter, the timber component can be attached to the building via the wood component side fitting by the two fittings are connected to each other via the coupling element. The connection between the two fittings is indeed solvable, but also substantially rigid and rigid. A releasable connection can be a screw connection in the simplest case. Other types of connections would also be conceivable, such as e.g. a hook connection, a positive connection such as a dovetail connection. By a rigid connection is meant one in which deformations are so small that the force application points experience negligible displacements. At most, such rigid compounds include damped elastic compounds resulting from structure-borne sound insulation.

Characterized in that two are provided at a different angle from 180 ° to each other arranged contact surfaces, the holding portion engages around the wooden component at two contact surfaces, which allows an ideal flow of force within the connection system. In one embodiment, it is provided that the first holding section (i) has a building-side fitting with a first building-side contact surface for attachment to a first surface of the building element and (ii) a second building-side contact surface for a second surface of the building element, wherein the first building-side contact surface the building-side fitting and the second building-side contact surface of the first holding portion include an angle β different from 180 ° with each other.

The previously described embodiments allow an ideal power flow between the elements to be connected. In particular, occur by conventional slender cross-sectional shapes of the timber component high bending stresses. By the second holding portion having a wood component side fitting with a contact surface for attachment to a first surface of the timber component and a contact surface for a second surface of the timber component, said surfaces are arranged at an angle a, which is different from 180 ° to each other, they can Bending moments of wood hardware-side fitting on the coupling element are ideally transmitted to the building element. This also allows for far overhanging timber construction elements.

Although the first holding portion has a building-side fitting with a contact surface for attachment to a first surface of the building element and a contact surface for a second surface of the building element, and although here the contact surface of the building side fitting and the other contact surface an angle ß of 180 ° with each other These forces can also be ideally transmitted.

In one embodiment, it may be provided that the angle α and / or the angle β be approximately between 45 ° and 135 °, preferably about 90 °. In addition, wood components are usually made with perpendicular to each other arranged surfaces, so there are also production advantages.

It is preferably provided that the first contact surface of the building-side fitting and the first contact surface of the wood component-side fitting are arranged substantially parallel to each other or lie substantially in one plane. The variant that the contact surfaces are approximately in one plane or have only one offset (and thus a parallel arrangement) of less than 100% of the thickness of the timber component has advantages for the transmission of forces. It may be arranged in a variant of the building side fitting and the wood component-side fitting substantially parallel to each other or lie substantially in one plane. An embodiment variant provides that the second contact surface of the second holding portion and the second contact surface of the first holding portion are arranged substantially parallel to each other. Thus, these two contact surfaces are arranged at a distance from each other. This has the advantage that in this distance further elements, in particular insulation elements, plaster, fire protection elements or the like. Can be introduced.

Therefore, it can be provided that in the installed state, the timber component to the building element spaced by a distance D come to rest so that between wood component and building element, a thermal insulation element and / or another facade element - such as a plaster layer or fire protection boards - can be introduced.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the building-side fitting is designed such that it can be connected by means of at least one fastening means with the building element, and that the wood component-side fitting with the timber component by means of at least one fastening means is connectable. This allows easy installation of the timber component and the building element. In the simplest case bores can be provided, via which the fastening means can be inserted and introduced into the wooden building or building element. It may be in the fasteners to pin-shaped such. act around screws, nails, bolts or the like. However, other types of attachment may be provided, such as e.g. Brackets, holders, glue etc.

It is preferably provided that the respective fitting guides for - preferably pin-shaped - has fastening means, so that the fastening means in a defined spatial angle γ, δ to the respective contact surface of the fitting can be introduced. At least some of the guides of the fastener guides may be designed such that in the installed state the respective pin-shaped fasteners penetrate into the respective component obliquely to the contact surface on the fitting, preferably at a spatial angle γ, δ between 30 degrees and 60 degrees (FIG. 4). , This is particularly advantageous if timber or building element made of cross-laminated timber, as a stable and secure anchoring is guaranteed. But also glulam or non-glued woods can be fixed safely in this way. In one embodiment, an adjusting device is provided with which the inclination angle ε between the second contact surface of the second holding portion and the second building-side contact surface of the first holding portion is adjustable. Thus, load-related or production-related inclinations between wood component and building element can be compensated.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the adjusting device has an adjusting element with which a distance d between the first holding section and the second holding section is variable. In the simplest case, the contact surfaces of the two holding sections arranged parallel to one another via the coupling element form a profile with two limbs, e.g. a U- or V-profile (the orientation of the profile does not matter), wherein the leg ends are displaceable over the adjusting element.

The adjusting device can be fastened at a first connection point on the building-side fitting and at a distance at a second connection point on the wood component side fitting, wherein the adjusting device has an actuating element with which the distance d between the two connection points can be changed.

Also, the adjusting device may have a joint portion with which the inclination angle ε is adjustable.

For example, an articulated actuator could be provided, which has a spherical cap, by means of which at least the angle of inclination between the building side fitting and wood component-side fitting is adjustable about a formed by Kugelkalotte axis of rotation A. Alternatively, the adjusting element may comprise an adjusting device which has a lag screw, a pressure screw, an eccentric or a combination thereof, which is received by the adjusting element by means of spherical cap, cylinder segment or the like. Furthermore, it can be provided that an airtightness element is attached to the first holding section, to which the building-side airtightness layer, for example by means of gluing, is connected. As a result, the air convection is additionally reduced. The connection system can be designed such that the coupling element with the building-side fitting, the wood component-side fitting or both is releasably and substantially rigidly connected. In this case, the coupling element can be separated from the two fittings. In a preferred embodiment, the coupling element inextricably linked to the building-side fitting and releasably connected to the wood component-side fitting and substantially rigidly connected. This embodiment has the advantage that the building-side fitting on the one hand can be attached to the building and the wood component side fitting on the other hand can be attached to the timber component, whereupon the two fittings are connected together, so that the timber component can be installed quickly.

The detachable connection of the building-side fitting and wood component-side fitting can e.g. also be done so that at the same time the wood component is attached. For example, a screw may be provided with which the two fittings are connected to each other by the screw is guided by receptacles in the two fittings (such as holes) and is screwed into the timber component. In one embodiment, it can be provided that the coupling element and the wood component-side fitting have sections that interlock positively such that at least a part of the load transfer from the wood component side fitting to the coupling element via this positive connection. The coupling element preferably has recesses and a plurality of legs, which allow an ideal flow of force. Therefore, a stiffening element may be provided to increase the stability of the coupling element. If the coupling element has parallel legs, the stiffening element can connect the two legs together. It can be provided that the wood component-side fitting in the assembled state, the timber component on the wood component side fitting is connected hanging.

In one aspect of the invention, a timber construction joint is provided, which has a connection system of the aforementioned type, wherein the timber component side fitting and the building element side fitting are connected to the coupling element, a timber component, which is connected to the wood component side fitting by means of at least one fastening means, and a building element which is connected to the building element side fitting by means of a fastening means.

Detailed Description of the Invention Further advantages and details of the invention will be made with reference to the following figures. Fig. 1a, 1b shows two views of a timber construction connection according to the prior art.

Fig. 2 shows a connection system according to the invention.

 FIG. 3 shows the force flows occurring in the connection system according to FIG. 2 and FIG

 contact surfaces

 4 shows a connection system according to an embodiment.

 Fig. 5 shows a connection system based on Fig. 2 with wood component and building element in slight modifications.

Fig. 6 shows an alternative embodiment of a connection system.

 Fig. 7, 8 show further connection systems based on Fig. 2 with

 Wooden construction element and building element in slight modifications.

Fig. 9 shows an adjusting device for a connection system.

 Fig. 10 shows a plurality of arrangement positions in a schematic representation of a building.

Fig. La and lb show a timber construction connection according to the prior art in cross-section and in oblique view. A cantilevered timber component 3 is connected to a building element 5, in that the projecting timber component 3 penetrates the building element 5. In Fig. La and lb air flows are illustrated by arrows. An air flow that hits the joint between timber component 3 and building element 5 may occur due to the lack of airtight level in the building interior.

Fig. 2 shows a timber construction connection according to the invention. The connection system 1 is shown for clarity without wood component 3 and building element 5 (see also Figs. 5 and 6) and it has a first holding portion 13 for the building element 5, and a second holding portion 14 for the timber component 3. In the middle of the actual coupling element 15 is shown, which connects the first holding portion 13 and the second holding portion 14 releasably to each other. For this purpose, the second holding portion 14 is attached to the first holding portion 13 with coupling screws 23.

The second holding section 14 has a wood component-side fitting 20 with a first contact surface 30 for attachment to a first surface of the timber component 3. For this purpose, the timber component 3 is applied to the contact surface 30 and fixed by means of fastening means 40. Furthermore, the wood component-side second holding portion 14 has a second contact surface 31 for a second surface of the timber component 3. The timber component 3 is located at this point on the second contact surface 31 and thus provides for a power dissipation in the coupling element 15 to the first holding portion thirteenth The first contact surface 30 of the wood component-side fitting 20 and the second contact surface 31 of the second holding portion are in an adapted to the power flow and the timber component, angle α to each other (shown here with a = 90 °). In the embodiment shown, it is provided that the first holding section 13 has a building-side fitting 19 with a first contact surface 32 for attachment to a first building-side contact surface 32 of the building element 5. Also at this holding portion 13 by means of fastening means 40 (eg screws) a fastening, wherein at this point the building element 5 is attached.

The first holding section 13 further has a second contact surface 33 for a second building-side surface 33 of the building element 5. The building element 5 is thus also on two surfaces 32, 33 on the connecting element 1, wherein first contact surface 32 of the building side fitting 19 and second contact surface 33 of the first holding portion 13 include an angle ß, which is adapted according to an optimal power flow and the timber component (here represented by β = 90 °).

In the connection system 1 of FIG. 2 are the first contact surface 32 of the building-side fitting 19 and with the first contact surface 30 of the wood component side fitting 20 in a plane. In the embodiment of FIG. 7, these two contact surfaces 30, 32 are arranged parallel to one another and have an offset Ah.

The connection system 1 of FIG. 2 furthermore has an arrangement, parallel to a distance D, of the second contact surface 31 of the second holding section 14 and the second contact surface 33 of the first holding section 13. It would thus be possible to introduce a thermal insulation element 7 between the two holding sections 13, 14 in the region of the coupling element 15.

Holzbau- 3 and building element 5 are connected to a plurality of fastening means 40 to the connection system 1. For this purpose, in particular pin-shaped fastening means 40 such as screws (shown), nails, bolts, and brackets but also surface fasteners 40 such as epoxy resin or the like. In question. When using pin-shaped fastening means 40, the respective fitting 19, 20 fastener guides 41, so that in the adapted to the required support and stiffness behavior angles γ, δ to the respective contact surface 30, 32 and 31, 32 of the fitting 19, 20 can be introduced are. The angles γ, δ are each shown here approximately at 45 °. In the region of the coupling element 15, an adjusting device 26 is provided. With this, the inclination angle ε between the legs 22a, 22b of the coupling element 15 can be adjusted. If the angles α and β (as illustrated in FIG. 2 in contrast to FIG. 3) enclose an angle of 90 °, then the first contact surface 33 of the first holding portion 13 is in the same plane as the first leg 23a and the contact surface 31 of the second holding portion 14 in the same plane as the second leg 23b of the coupling element. The inclination angle ε is usually 0 ° for common application areas (parallel arrangement of the legs 23a, 23b of the coupling element 15), but may also differ due to load or design. With the adjusting device 26, this inclination angle ε can be set to the desired value. Thus, for example, an inclination can be compensated in order to arrange the contact surfaces 31 and 33 in parallel again, or a desired inclination could be introduced if the timber component is designed, for example, as a canopy (FIG. 10, bottom right) and an angle of inclination different from 0 ° ε is desired.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, the adjusting device 26 has an actuating element 27 with which a distance d between the first holding section 13 and the second holding section 14 can be changed. As a result, the angle between the legs 23a, 23b of the coupling element 15 can be adjusted. In this case, the inclination of the mutually U-shaped legs 22a, 22b is changed.

In the installed state, the timber component 3 is spaced from the building element 5 by a distance D, so that between wood component 3 and building element 5, a thermal insulation element 7 and / or another facade element 8 - such as a plaster layer or fire protection boards - can be introduced.

Visible is also the stiffening element 29 for a better power flow between the two holding portions 13, 14. Fig. 3 shows power flows within the connection system 1, the resulting due to the loads of the timber element 3 and the building element 5 bending moment and shear forces on the respective Holding section 13, 14 arise to be able to transmit. Due to the static stress adapted arrangements of the contact surfaces between the fittings 19, 20 and the elements to be connected 3, 5, the bending moment is divided into several tensile and compressive components Fi, F ₂ , F3, whereby an activation of several support reserves of the base material. As a result, an exclusive bending stress of the holding portions 13, 14 is prevented. The power transmission between the wood element 3 and the building element 5 is effected by the coupling element 15. The bending moment and shear forces mainly tensile and compressive forces Fi cause in the coupling element 15. The tensile force is from the holding portion 13 on holding portion 14 by the actuator 26, and the compressive force transferred from the timber component 3 on the building element 5 via the contact surfaces 32 and 33. Depending on the rigidity ratio of the fastening means 40 to the fitting 13, 14, a secondary bending moment is decomposed into a force component F ₂ , F3, wherein the tensile component by the / the fastening means 40 and the pressure component through the contact surfaces 30, 31, 32, 33 in the to be connected Element (timber element 3, building element 5) are transmitted.

Fig. 4 shows an alternative embodiment of the connection system 1. The same components are provided in all figures with the same reference numerals, so reference may be made to the description of the figures of the other figures and only the differences are described. The exemplary embodiment shown has on the wood component-side fitting 20 on a third contact surface 34 on which the timber component 3 can rest. In addition, the connection system 1 is wider, so that the stiffening elements 29 are no longer formed only in one plane, but pin-shaped in two planes. The releasable attachment is composed here of a plug connection (positive engagement) which provides a support 44, so that the timber component 3 can be mounted with the pre-assembled, wood-frame fitting 20 on the first holding portion 13 to the building-side fitting 19 of the building element 5.

5 shows the connection system 1 of FIG. 2 with a timber component 3 and a building element 5 with the intermediate continuous airtight plane, formed from an airtightness element 16 in the region of the coupling element 15 and the building's airtightness layer 17, as well as the insulating element 7 disposed therebetween. and the attachment of any facade element 8. In addition, the arrangement of a fire protection element 6 is shown on the underside of the coupling element 15.

Fig. 6 shows a variant of the connection system 1 as in Fig. 2 or 4 with the difference that in the connection system 1 of Fig. 2, the first contact surface 32 and the second contact surface 33 of the building-side fitting 19 lie in a plane (ß = 180 ° ). 7 shows a very similar connection system 1 as in FIG. 2 or 4 with the difference that in the connection system 1 of FIG. 2 the first contact surface 32 of the building-side fitting 19 and the first contact surface 30 of the wood component-side fitting 20 lie in one plane, while in the embodiment of Fig. 7, these two contact surfaces 30, 32 are arranged parallel to each other and have an offset Ah.

Fig. 8 shows a connection systems 1 according to the invention, wherein here, in addition to the heat-technical and air-convective decoupling, the possibility is shown how 9 corresponding improvements of sound insulation can be achieved by means of deposits of structure-borne sound insulation elements.

Fig. 9 shows an articulated actuator in three different positions. The control element has a spherical cap 28 and allows the adjustment of the angle of inclination between building element-side fitting 19 and wood component-side fitting 20 about a formed by Kugelkalotte 27 axis of rotation A.

Fig. 10 describes a building with connection systems 1 according to the invention, wherein different applications are shown. Possibilities for the application are e.g. Balcony fixtures, false ceiling fixtures, canopies or roof fastenings.

Claims

1. connection system (1) for connecting a timber component (3) to a building element (5), characterized by  a first holding section (13) for the building element (5),  a second holding section (14) for the timber component (3),  a coupling element (15) which releasably connects the first holding section (13) and the second holding section (14),  wherein the second holding portion (14)  (I) a wood component side fitting (20) having a first contact surface (30) for attachment to a first surface of the timber component (3) and  (ii) has a second contact surface (31) for a second surface of the timber component (3),  wherein the first contact surface (30) of the wood component side fitting (20) and the second contact surface (31) of the second holding portion (14) one of 180 ° different angles (a) with each other. 2. Connection system according to claim 1, characterized in that the first holding section (13)  (I) a building - side fitting (19) having a first contact surface (32) for attachment to a first surface of the building element (5) and  (ii) has a second contact surface (32) for a second surface of the building element (5),  wherein the first contact surface (32) of the building-side fitting (19) and the second contact surface (33) of the first holding portion (13) enclose an angle (β) different from 180 ° with each other. 3. Connection system according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the angle (a) and / or the angle (ß) are approximately between 45 ° and 180 °, preferably about 90 °. 4. Connection system according to claim 2 or claim 3, characterized in that the first contact surface (32) of the building-side fitting (19) and the first contact surface (30) of the wood component side fitting (20) are arranged substantially parallel to each other or substantially in one Lie flat. 5. Connection system according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the second contact surface (31) of the second holding portion (14) and the second contact surface (33) of the first holding portion (13) are arranged substantially parallel to each other. 6. Connection system according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the wood component-side fitting (20) with the timber component (3) by means of at least one fastening means (40) is connectable and optionally the building-side fitting (19) with the building element (5) by means of at least one fastening means (40) is connectable, wherein preferably the respective fitting (19, 20) fastener guides (41) for the fastening means (40), so that the fastening means in a different angle of 90 ° (γ, δ) to the respective contact surface (30, 31, 32, 33) of the fitting (19, 20) can be introduced. 7. Connection system according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that an adjusting device (26) is provided, with which the inclination angle (ε) between the legs (23a) and (23b) of the coupling element (15) is adjustable. 8. Connection system according to claim 7, characterized in that the adjusting device (26) has an adjusting element (27) with which the distance (d) between the first holding portion (13) and the second holding portion (14) is variable. 9. Connection system according to claim 7 or claim 8, characterized in that the adjusting device (26) has a joint portion with which the inclination angle (ε) is adjustable. 10. Connection system according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that on the first holding portion (13) an airtightness element (16) is attached to which the building element-side airtightness layer, for example by means of bonding, is connected. 11. Connection system according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that in the installed state, the timber component (3) to the building element (5) spaced by a distance D come to lie, so that between timber component (3) and building element (5) a thermal insulation element ( 7) and / or another facade element (8) - such as a plaster layer - can be introduced. 12. Connection system according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that under the coupling element (15) between the first holding portion (13) and the second holding portion (14) a fire protection element (6) is mounted and / or that between the contact surfaces ( 30, 31, 32, 33) Körperschalldämmelemente (9) are arranged. 13. Connection system according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that in the installed state, the holding portions (13,14) together with the timber component (3) and the building element (5) represent a composite component, wherein by appropriate arrangement of the fastening elements (40 ) to the contact surfaces (30,31,32,33,43,44) of the power flow over the timber component (3) and building element (5). 14. timber construction compound (2), which has  a connection system (1) according to one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the wood component-side fitting (14) and the building element-side fitting (13) are connected to the coupling element (15),  a timber component (3) which is connected to the wood component-side fitting (14) by means of at least one fastening means (40), and  a building element (5) which is connected to the building element-side fitting (13) by means of a fastening means (40). 15. Building with a timber construction arrangement according to claim 14.