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WO2018009223A1 - Système de perforation de fond de trou - Google Patents

Système de perforation de fond de trou Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018009223A1
WO2018009223A1 PCT/US2016/041603 US2016041603W WO2018009223A1 WO 2018009223 A1 WO2018009223 A1 WO 2018009223A1 US 2016041603 W US2016041603 W US 2016041603W WO 2018009223 A1 WO2018009223 A1 WO 2018009223A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
diamino
dinitroethylene
perforating system
downhole perforating
downhole
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2016/041603
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
James Marshall BARKER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Halliburton Energy Services Inc
Original Assignee
Halliburton Energy Services Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Halliburton Energy Services Inc filed Critical Halliburton Energy Services Inc
Priority to PCT/US2016/041603 priority Critical patent/WO2018009223A1/fr
Priority to US15/524,077 priority patent/US20180291715A1/en
Priority to DE112016006882.4T priority patent/DE112016006882T5/de
Publication of WO2018009223A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018009223A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
    • E21B43/116—Gun or shaped-charge perforators
    • E21B43/117—Shaped-charge perforators
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
    • C06B25/34—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being a nitrated acyclic, alicyclic or heterocyclic amine
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
    • E21B43/116—Gun or shaped-charge perforators
    • E21B43/1185—Ignition systems
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
    • E21B43/116—Gun or shaped-charge perforators
    • E21B43/1185—Ignition systems
    • E21B43/11855—Ignition systems mechanically actuated, e.g. by movement of a wireline or a drop-bar
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
    • E21B43/119—Details, e.g. for locating perforating place or direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B1/00—Explosive charges characterised by form or shape but not dependent on shape of container
    • F42B1/02—Shaped or hollow charges
    • F42B1/028—Shaped or hollow charges characterised by the form of the liner

Definitions

  • a casing string may be positioned and cemented within the wellbore. This casing string may increase the integrity of the wellbore and may provide a path for producing fluids from the producing intervals to the surface.
  • perforations may be made through the casing string, the cement and a short distance into the formation.
  • These perforations may be created by detonating a series of shaped charges that may be disposed within the casing string and may be positioned adjacent to the formation.
  • one or more perforating guns may be loaded with shaped charges that may be connected with a detonator via a detonating cord.
  • the perforating guns may then be attached to a tool string that may be lowered into the cased wellbore. Once the perforating guns are properly positioned in the wellbore such that the shaped charges are adjacent to the formation to be perforated, the shaped charges may be detonated, thereby creating the desired perforations.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an example of a downhole perforating system including diamine-dinitro IHE.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an example of a downhole perforating system including diamine-dinitro IHE.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of an example of a detonating cord initiator including diamine-dinitro IHE.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of an example of a donor booster and an acceptor booster including diamine-dinitro IHE.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of an example of a shaped charge including diamine-dinitro I HE. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
  • This disclosure may generally relate to systems and methods for perforating downhole tubulars, such as, for example casing.
  • This disclosure may relate to systems and methods for using an explosive component comprising 1 , 1 -diamino 2,2- dinitroethylenediamine-dinitro IHE, in oilfield perforation operations.
  • 1 ,1 - diamino 2,2-dinitroethylene is referred to as a diamine-dinitro insensitive high explosive or diamine-dinitro IHE.
  • Perforating systems and methods that use diamine-dinitro IHE as an explosive component may enhance safety significantly in all aspects of the lifecycle of perforating activities, such as, for example, loading at the shop; transportation by highway, air, or water; wellsite handling; retrieval after misruns; and downloading.
  • Diamine-Dinitro IHE may have the chemical formula C2(NH 2 )2(N02)2. Any of a variety of suitable techniques may be used for synthesis of diamine-dinitro IHE. Without limitation, diamine-dinitro IHE may be synthesized by a process that includes the nitration of a heterocyclic compound followed by hydrolysis to produce diamine-dinitro IHE. Diamine- dinitro IHE may have a molecular weight of approximately 148.08 and a density of approximately 1.86 to 1.89 g cm J , for example, a density of about 1.885 g cm 3 as determined by powder diffraction.
  • Diamine-dinitro IHE may be chemically stable and may have the same oxygen balance as cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine ("RDX") and cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine (“HMX").
  • the burn rate of diamine-dinitro IHE without oxidizer may be similar to RDX without oxidizer.
  • the burn rate of diamine-dinitro IHE without oxidizer may be 8,800 m/s versus 8,930 m/s for RDX without oxidizer.
  • diamine-dinitro IHE may have a lower impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity compared to RDX.
  • the impact sensitivity as measured by with a BAM Impact Tester for diamine-dinitro IHE may be 126-1 59 cm compared to 38 cm for RDX.
  • the friction sensitivity as measured with using a BAM small-scale friction test may be 168-288 N for diamine-dinitro IHE compared to approximately 120 N for RDX.
  • the first three attributes may be related to safety, with higher values representing greater safety. From this perspective diamine-dinitro IHE clearly may have better attributes with respect to impact and friction. Electrostatic sensitivity may be essentially the same as RDX. Items 4 and 5 may be related to detonation performance, and the values may indicate that diamine-dinitro IHE may be close to RDX in this respect. Item 6 may be related to thermal stability, and the values may indicate that diamine-dinitro IHE may have similar thermal characteristics to RDX.
  • Diamine-dinitro IHE may be provided in a variety of particle sizes as desired for a particular application.
  • diamine-dinitro IHE may have a particle size from about 1 micron to about 500 microns, for example, from about 20 microns to about 40 microns, from about 50 microns to about 100 microns, about 100 microns to about 200 microns, or about 250 microns to about 300 microns.
  • One of ordinary skill in the art should be able to select an appropriate particle size for the diamine-dinitro IHE for a particular application.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a downhole perforating system 10 operating from a platform 12.
  • Platform 12 may be centered over a subterranean formation 14 located below the surface 16.
  • a conduit 18 may extend from deck 20 of platform 12 to wellhead installation 22 including blow-out preventers 24.
  • Platform 12 may have a hoisting apparatus 26 and a derrick 28 for raising and lowering pipe strings, such as, for example, work string 30 which may comprise the downhole perforating system 10.
  • the downhole perforating system 10 may be disposed on a distal end of work string 30.
  • FIG. 1 generally depicts a subsea operation, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that the principles described herein are equally applicable to land-based systems, without departing from the scope of the disclosure.
  • Wellbore 32 may extend through the various earth strata including subterranean formation 14. While downhole perforating system 10 is disposed in a horizontal section of wellbore 32, wellbore 32 may include horizontal, vertical, slanted, curved, and other types of wellbore geometries and orientations, as will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art.
  • a casing 34 may be cemented within wellbore 32 by cement 36. When it is desired to perforate subterranean formation 14, the downhole perforating system 10 may be lowered through casing 34 until the downhole perforating system 10 is properly positioned relative to subterranean formation 14.
  • the downhole perforating system 10 may be attached to and lowered via work string 30, which may include a tubing string, wireline, slick line, coil tubing or other conveyance. Thereafter, shaped charges 50 within downhole perforating system 10 may be sequentially fired. As will be discussed in more detail below, an explosive component contained in the downhole perforating system 10 may comprise diamine-dinitro IHE. Upon detonation, shaped charges 50 may form jets that may create a spaced series of perforations extending outwardly through casing 34, cement 36 and into subterranean formation 14, thereby allowing formation communication between subterranean formation 14 and wellbore 32.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a downhole perforating system 10.
  • Downhole perforating system 10 may comprise a firing head subassembly 38, a handling subassembly 40, and a gun subassembly 44.
  • downhole perforating system 10 may include a plurality of gun subassemblies 44 (e.g., as shown in FIG. 1 ).
  • firing head subassembly 38 may be disposed at an upper end of downhole perforating system 10.
  • Handling subassembly 40 may be disposed between gun subassembly 44 and firing head subassembly 38.
  • Handling subassembly 40 may be coupled to firing head subassembly 38 and gun subassembly 44 by any suitable means, such as, for example, mechanical fasteners, welds and/or threads.
  • Firing head subassembly 38 may include ignition device 68. As illustrated, ignition device 68 may be disposed within at least a portion of firing head subassembly 38.
  • Firing head subassembly 38 may include detonating cord initiator 52, detonating cord 54 and donor booster 56 (bi-directional booster). Detonating cord 54 may extend from detonating cord initiator 52 to gun subassembly 44.
  • Handling subassembly 40 may include acceptor booster 70 (bi-directional booster) coupled to detonating cord 54.
  • Detonating cord 54 may be discontinuous between donor booster 56 and acceptor booster 70.
  • Donor booster 56 and acceptor booster 70 may comprise compressed particles of an explosive component.
  • the explosive component may comprise any suitable explosive component, including, without limitation, diamine-dinitro IHE, or another insensitive high explosive component such as triaminotrinitrobenzene ("TATB").
  • the donor booster 56 may be capable of transmitting a detonation across a discontinuity such as an air gap 72.
  • a donor booster 56 may comprise a secondary high explosive; such secondary boosters may not continue/allow a detonation over any discontinuity, for example, an air gap 72. This may mean that the donor booster 56 and the detonating cord 54 to which it is coupled may be in direct physical contact.
  • An acceptor booster 70 may be one which may detonate in response to another detonation, i.e., in response to the detonation of a donor booster 56 which may be spaced from the acceptor booster 70 by a discontinuity such as an air gap 72; the acceptor booster 70 may further be capable of detonating another secondary high explosive mass (e.g., detonating cord 54) in operative association with it by means of the acceptor booster 70's own detonation.
  • an acceptor booster 70 may continue/allow a detonation from a donor booster 56, even across a discontinuity, and may transmit the detonation to another secondary high explosive mass so as to continue/allow the detonation. Therefore, to continue/allow the detonation, it may be essential that an acceptor booster 70 detonate, and not deflagrate.
  • Ignition device 68 may be coupled to detonating cord initiator 52 and may provide a substantial amount of the energy to ignite detonating cord initiator 52.
  • a signal (e.g., electrical, mechanical, etc.) may be sent form the surface 16 (e.g., shown on FIG. 1) to activate ignition device 68, which may in turn ignite detonating cord initiator 52.
  • Ignition device 68 may include, but is not limited to, a rig environment detonator igniter, industry standard resistor detonators, hotwire igniters, exploding bridgewire igniters, exploding foil initiator igniters, conductive mix igniters, percussion actuated igniters, and a high tension igniting system.
  • Detonating cord initiator 52 may comprise compressed particles of an explosive component.
  • the explosive component in detonating cord initiator 52 may comprise any suitable explosive component, including, without limitation, diamine-dinitro IHE or another insensitive high explosive component such as TATB.
  • gun subassembly 44 may be coupled to detonating cord 54.
  • Gun subassembly 44 may include shaped charges 50. Ignition of detonating cord 54 by ignition device 68 may set off a shock wave that ignites shaped charges 50.
  • Detonating cord 54 may comprise compressed particles of an explosive component.
  • the explosive component in detonating cord 54 may comprise any suitable explosive component, including, without limitation, diamine-dinitro IHE, and TATB.
  • the explosive component in detonating cord 54 may comprise diamine-dinitro IHE, such as superfine diamine-dinitro IHE powder. Diamine-dinitro IHE powder having a particle size of from about 1 to about 15 microns may be considered superfine.
  • Gun subassembly 44 may comprise gun body 74.
  • gun body 74 may be in the form of a cylindrical sleeve.
  • Gun body 74 may comprise a plurality of charge holding recesses 48 which hold shaped charges 50.
  • Each of shaped charges 50 may comprise diamine-dinitro IHE.
  • the plurality of shaped charges 50 may be arranged in a spiral pattern such that each of the shaped charges 50 may be disposed on its own level or height and may be individually detonated so that only one shaped charge 50 may be fired at a time. Alternate arrangements of the plurality of shaped charges 50 may be used, including cluster type designs wherein more than one shaped charge 50 may be at a same level and may be detonated at the same time.
  • shaped charges 50 may generate a jet that may penetrate casing 34, cement 36 and into subterranean formation 14, which are shown on FIG. 1, for example.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of detonating cord initiator 52 coupled to detonating cord 54.
  • Detonating cord initiator 52 may include booster sleeve 66 which may include an explosive component.
  • Detonating cord initiator 52 may fire the shaped charges 50 (e.g. shown on FIGS. 1 , 2, and 5), via detonating cord 54, donor booster 56 (e.g. shown on FIG. 2) and acceptor booster 70 (e.g. shown on FIG. 2), after detecting an appropriate command from the surface 16 (e.g. shown on FIG. 1 ).
  • Ignition device 68 e.g. shown on FIG. 2 may be used to activate detonating cord initiator 52.
  • the explosive component of detonating cord initiator 52 may include a first booster stage 60 and a second booster stage 58.
  • the second booster stage 58 may be the subsequent detonation after the detonation of the first booster stage 60.
  • Second booster stage 58 and first booster stage 60 may utilize any suitable explosive component, including diamine-dinitro IHE.
  • first booster stage 60 may comprise superfine diamine-dinitro IHE powder to detonate the diamine-dinitro IHE bulk crystals that may be used in second booster stage 58.
  • Diamine-dinitro IHE particles having a particle size of from about 50 to about 500 microns may be considered bulk crystals.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic il lustration of bi-directional boosters: donor booster 56 and acceptor booster 70. These two boosters may have identical configurations. Donor booster 56 and acceptor booster 70 may be disposed in booster sleeve 66. Each donor booster 56 or acceptor booster 70 may include a stage 1 detonation which may include a first booster stage 60 and a second booster stage 58. First booster stage 60 and second booster stage 58 may utilize any suitable explosive component, including diamine-dinitro IHE. Without limitation, first booster stage 60 may comprise superfine diamine-dinitro IHE powder to detonate diamine-dinitro IHE bulk crystals that may be used in second booster stage 58. Diamine- dinitro IHE particles having a particle size of from 1 to about 15 microns may be considered superfine.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a shaped charge 50.
  • Each of shaped charges 50 may include a booster charge 62 which may include any suitable explosive component, including without limitation, diamine-dinitro IHE.
  • booster charge 62 may comprise superfine diamine-dinitro IHE powder.
  • each shaped charge 50 may include a main charge 64 which may include any suitable explosive component, including without limitation, diamine-dinitro IHE.
  • main charge 64 may comprise diamine- dinitro IHE bulk crystals.
  • the main charge 64 may be used with or without a binder.
  • Booster charge 62 may function as an igniter to ignite main charge 64.
  • Each of the shaped charges 50 may further include an outer housing 76 and a liner 78.
  • liner 78 may generally be in the form of a conical liner.
  • Main charge 64 may be disposed between each outer housing 76 and liner 78.
  • Liner 78 may hold main charge 64 in place.
  • liner 78 may generate a jet that may penetrate casing 34, cement 36 and into subterranean formation 14, which are shown on FIG. 1 , for example.
  • a downhole perforating system may comprise a firing head subassembly; a gun subassembly; and an explosive component comprising 1 ,1 -diamino 2,2- dinitroethylene.
  • the downhole perforating system may comprise any of the following elements in any combination.
  • the firing head subassembly may comprise a detonating cord initiator, wherein the detonating cord initiator comprises the explosive component.
  • the downhole perforating system may further comprise bi-directional boosters comprising the explosive component.
  • the downhole perforating system may further comprise a detonating cord comprising the explosive component.
  • the downhole perforating system may further comprise a plurality of shaped charges arranged in a cluster.
  • the downhole perforating system may further comprise a plurality of shaped charges arranged in a spiral.
  • the 1 , 1 -diamino 2,2- dinitroethylene may comprise 1 , 1 -diamino 2,2-dinitroethylene bulk crystals.
  • the 1 ,1 -diamino 2,2-dinitroethylene may comprise 1 , 1 -diamino 2,2-dinitroethylene superfine powder.
  • the downhole perforating system may further comprise a handling subassembly.
  • the handling subassembly may be positioned between the firing head subassembly and the gun subassembly.
  • a downhole perforating system may comprise a detonating cord initiator, a detonating cord coupled to the detonating cord initiator, a plurality of perforating gun subassemblies coupled to the detonating cord initiator, wherein the plurality of perforating gun assemblies may comprise a plurality of shaped charges, wherein the plurality of shaped charges may comprise 1 ,1 -diamino 2,2-dinitroethylene.
  • the downhole perforating system may comprise any of the following elements in any combination.
  • the detonating cord initiator may comprise 1 ,1 -diamino 2,2-dinitroethylene bulk crystals and 1 , 1 - diamino 2,2-dinitroethylene superfine powder.
  • the downhole perforating system may further comprise a donor booster comprising 1 , 1 -diamino 2,2-dinitroethylene bulk crystals and 1 , 1- diamino 2,2-dinitroethylene superfine powder.
  • the downhole perforating system may further comprise an acceptor booster comprising 1 , 1 -diamino 2,2-dinitroethylene bulk crystals and 1 , 1 -diamino 2,2-dinitroethylene superfine powder.
  • a method may comprise lowering a downhole perforating system into a casing of a wellbore, wherein the downhole perforating system may comprise 1 , 1 -diamino 2,2-dinitroethylene; detonating the 1 , 1 -diamino 2,2-dinitroethylene; and perforating the casing.
  • the method may comprise any of the following elements in any combination.
  • the detonating may comprise sequential detonation of a plurality of shaped charges, wherein the plurality of shaped charges may comprise the 1 ,1-diamino 2,2- dinitroethylene.
  • the detonating may comprise simultaneous detonation of a plurality of shaped charges.
  • the plurality of shaped charges may comprise a booster charge and a main charge.
  • the main charge may comprise 1 ,1 -diamino 2,2-dinitroethylene bulk crystals.
  • the method may further comprise allowing formation communication between a formation and the wellbore.
  • ranges from any lower limit may be combined with any upper limit to recite a range not explicitly recited, as well as, ranges from any lower limit may be combined with any other lower limit to recite a range not explicitly recited, in the same way, ranges from any upper limit may be combined with any other upper limit to recite a range not explicitly recited.
  • any numerical range with a lower limit and an upper limit is disclosed, any number and any included range falling within the range are specifically disclosed.
  • every range of values (of the form, "from about a to about b,” or, equivalently, “from approximately a to b,” or, equivalently, “from approximately a-b") disclosed herein is to be understood to set forth every number and range encompassed within the broader range of values even if not explicitly recited.
  • every point or individual value may serve as its own lower or upper limit combined with any other point or individual value or any other lower or upper limit, to recite a range not explicitly recited.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne des systèmes et procédés de perforation de fond de trou. Un procédé selon l'invention peut comprendre : la descente d'un système de perforation de fond de trou dans un tubage d'un trou de forage, le système de perforation de fond de trou pouvant comprendre du 1,1-diamino 2,2-dinitroéthylène; la détonation du 1,1-diamino 2,2-dinitroéthylène; et la perforation du tubage. Un système de perforation de fond de trou selon l'invention peut comprendre un sous-ensemble tête de mise à feu, un sous-ensemble perforateur et un composant explosif comprenant du 1,1-diamino 2,2-dinitroéthylène.
PCT/US2016/041603 2016-07-08 2016-07-08 Système de perforation de fond de trou Ceased WO2018009223A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2016/041603 WO2018009223A1 (fr) 2016-07-08 2016-07-08 Système de perforation de fond de trou
US15/524,077 US20180291715A1 (en) 2016-07-08 2016-07-08 Downhole Perforating System
DE112016006882.4T DE112016006882T5 (de) 2016-07-08 2016-07-08 Bohrlochperforationssystem

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2016/041603 WO2018009223A1 (fr) 2016-07-08 2016-07-08 Système de perforation de fond de trou

Publications (1)

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WO2018009223A1 true WO2018009223A1 (fr) 2018-01-11

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PCT/US2016/041603 Ceased WO2018009223A1 (fr) 2016-07-08 2016-07-08 Système de perforation de fond de trou

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US (1) US20180291715A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE112016006882T5 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018009223A1 (fr)

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US11293736B2 (en) 2015-03-18 2022-04-05 DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH Electrical connector
US11339614B2 (en) 2020-03-31 2022-05-24 DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH Alignment sub and orienting sub adapter
US11408279B2 (en) 2018-08-21 2022-08-09 DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH System and method for navigating a wellbore and determining location in a wellbore
CN115126451A (zh) * 2022-06-30 2022-09-30 川南航天能源科技有限公司 钢丝投捞点火系统
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US11578549B2 (en) 2019-05-14 2023-02-14 DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH Single use setting tool for actuating a tool in a wellbore
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