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WO2018004350A1 - Perfectionnements apportés à l'entretien d'échangeurs de chaleur - Google Patents

Perfectionnements apportés à l'entretien d'échangeurs de chaleur Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2018004350A1
WO2018004350A1 PCT/NO2017/050166 NO2017050166W WO2018004350A1 WO 2018004350 A1 WO2018004350 A1 WO 2018004350A1 NO 2017050166 W NO2017050166 W NO 2017050166W WO 2018004350 A1 WO2018004350 A1 WO 2018004350A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tool
heat exchanger
fluid
tube
insertion device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/NO2017/050166
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Erling LUNDE
Anders RØYRØY
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Equinor Energy AS
Original Assignee
Statoil Petroleum ASA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Statoil Petroleum ASA filed Critical Statoil Petroleum ASA
Publication of WO2018004350A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018004350A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
    • F28G15/00—Details
    • F28G15/08—Locating position of cleaning appliances within conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
    • F28G1/00—Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances
    • F28G1/16—Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances using jets of fluid for removing debris
    • F28G1/163—Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances using jets of fluid for removing debris from internal surfaces of heat exchange conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
    • F28G15/00—Details
    • F28G15/003—Control arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
    • F28G9/00—Cleaning by flushing or washing, e.g. with chemical solvents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to improvements relating to the maintenance of heat exchangers.
  • the invention is particularly applicable to internal cleaning, inspection, repair and sealing of shell and tube heat exchangers, of the type used for example in the oil and gas industry, or in any process industry, to improve their efficiency and detect faults, such as leaks, at an early stage.
  • Embodiments of the invention allow maintenance of the tubes of a heat exchanger during regular operation.
  • the invention is applicable to heat exchangers for both cooling and heating.
  • a borescope/endoscope video camera may be used to manually inspect the inside of the tube of a heat exchanger.
  • Several sensing technologies may be applied to inspect the pipe wall for erosion, cracks, pits, etc. These include ultrasound, eddy current, and others.
  • the lance tube cleaner is effective for cleaning tubes, but cleaning a whole heat exchanger with several thousand tubes is a very time consuming process. This usually means taking the heat exchanger out of production and the cleaning operations are to a large extent manual.
  • the rotating brushes are normally free-running (water powered) so that they have to be picked up at the tube outlet. That is, it is necessary to provide an additional system for inserting "brushes” and retrieving them at the outlet.
  • the heat exchanger is opened up, and a potential for leakage after the operation is introduced.
  • the invention provides a maintenance apparatus, heat exchanger and method as set out in the accompanying claims.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic cross-section of the main components of a shell and tube heat exchanger
  • Figure 2 is a top view of a manipulator mechanism in accordance with an embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 3 is a more detailed view of part of the manipulator mechanism ;
  • Figure 4 shows the interfaces and drives of a control system;
  • Figure 5 shows a lance tube hydraulic cleaner;
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of a tube sheet indicating entry holes for each cooling tube.
  • Heat exchangers used in oil and gas production facilities for the cooling of oil, gas, coolants and other fluids found in an oil and gas facility, are prone to fouling and scaling, which leads to reduced through-flow as well as reduced heat exchange efficiency and capacity.
  • FIG. 1 shows a shell and tube cooler (ie heat exchanger) 2, in which cooling fluid (such as sea water) flows through a large number of small diameter cooling tubes 4 (only four of which are shown in Figure 1 , for simplicity) that periodically need to be cleaned to restore their cooling efficiency.
  • the cooling fluid enters the cooler 2 through an inlet plenum 6, passes through the tubes 4, and exits the cooler 2 through an outlet plenum 8.
  • the production fluid to be cooled enters the cooler 2 through an inlet 10, passes around the cooling tubes 4, which cool the production fluid, and exits the cooler 2 through an outlet 12.
  • FIG. 6 shows a portion of the inlet tube sheet 14 or the outlet tube sheet 16, both of which contain many holes 19 to which the cooling tubes 4 are connected.
  • Each cooling tube 4 thus runs from inlet tube sheet 14 to the outlet tube sheet 16, and each cooling tube 4 transfers cooling fluid from the inlet plenum 6 to the outlet plenum 8.
  • the cooling tubes 4 need to be inspected for defects, weak spots and leaks to maintain the integrity of the cooler 2.
  • the number of tubes 4 may be several thousand, all of which may require cleaning and inspection.
  • the proposed system comprises a manipulator system 18 to position an access tool onto a desired tube inlet.
  • Each tube 4 is welded onto a circular baffle plate (ie tube sheet) 14, 16, with each plate 14, 16 having one hole 19 per cooling tube 4.
  • the manipulator 18 is to be permanently stationed inside the cooler's inlet plenum 6 or outlet plenum 8, but may be operated from the outside. A new plenum may be designed and manufactured to host the manipulator 18, if necessary.
  • the manipulator system 18 comprises a tool insertion device 20 (shown in Figure 3), which is carried on a tool carriage or carrier 22 which can be positioned in polar coordinates at any position within the circular cross section of the cooler 2.
  • a beam 24 spans the diameter of the cooler 2.
  • the beam 24 can be rotated by moving the outer ring 30 around a track 34 at the circumference of the cooler 2, and can thereby be oriented at any angle.
  • the tool carriage 22 is slidably mounted on the beam 24, and can be positioned at any position along the beam 24.
  • the tool insertion device 20 can reach any location on one of the circular tube sheets 14 or 16.
  • a tool 42 can extend from the tool carrier 22 onto the tube sheet 14 or 16, and through a hole 19 to the inside of a cooling tube 4, by means of a linear actuator, which may be a tool piston 28 as shown in Figure 3.
  • a linear actuator which may be a tool piston 28 as shown in Figure 3.
  • the tool 42 may be a cleaning, inspection, repair or sealing tool, and may for example be a lance cleaner.
  • the tool 42 may be a cleaning tool which arranged to clean the heat exchanger tubes 4, or an inspection tool arranged to allow inspection of the heat exchanger tubes 4.
  • the tool 42 may also be a repair tool arranged to allow repair of the heat exchanger tubes 4, or a sealing tool arranged to allow sealing off (for example plugging) of selected heat exchanger tubes 4.
  • Figure 2 shows an outer ring (slewing bearing or similar) 30 and a pneumatic motor 32 for rotating the ring 30 around a circular track 34.
  • a flexible hose 36 extends between the tool insertion device 20 and a point at the shell of the inlet plenum 6 or outlet plenum 8 (depending on whether the manipulator system 18 is positioned in the inlet plenum 6 or outlet plenum 8).
  • Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the flexible hose 36, which includes at least one power supply line 38 for driving the tool carriage 22, and at least one power supply line 40 for driving the tool insertion device 20.
  • the flexible hose 36 also contains a maintenance tube 41 for carrying maintenance tools (e.g. a lance cleaner, when the tool 42 is a lance cleaner) to one of the cooling tubes 4 as shown in Figure 3.
  • maintenance tools e.g. a lance cleaner, when the tool 42 is a lance cleaner
  • the power supply lines 38 and 40 can for example be electric cables or pneumatic or hydraulic supply pipes, and in the following we assume pneumatic supply pipes are used.
  • Figure 3 shows an example of a tool 42 for cleaning the cooling tubes 4.
  • the tool 42 in this example is a lance which is slidably movable within the cooling tubes 4.
  • a pneumatic tool piston 28 and a pneumatic tool cylinder 46 are provided for positioning the tip 29 of piston 28 onto the entrance of one of the cooling tubes 4.
  • a pneumatic carriage motor 48 is connected to pneumatic supply pipes 38 carried within the flexible hose 36, and is used to drive the tool carriage 22 along the beam 24. Additional sensors (not shown) may be provided on the tool carriage 22 for accurate positioning of the tool carriage 22.
  • Figure 4 shows a control system 52 for controlling operation of the manipulator system 18.
  • a lance drive unit 53 is provided for driving the lance (or other maintenance tool 42) through the maintenance tube 41 to the tool carriage 22.
  • a drive system powers the circular motion motor 32, the carriage motor 48 and the tool piston 28.
  • this drive system is a pneumatic drive system 54, which is connected to an air compressor 56.
  • a hydraulics compressor 58 is connected to a lance cleaner hose 57, which is carried within the maintenance tube 41 within flexible hose 36, and supplies fresh water to the lance 42.
  • a control system 59 is connected to the air compressor 56, the pneumatic drive system 54 and the hydraulics compressor 58, in order to provide control signals to these units.
  • the control system 59 may be used to:
  • Figure 5 shows the lance 42 in an extended position within one of the cooling tubes 4.
  • a forwardly directed water jet 60 is used to dislodge debris 62 within the cooling tube 4, and one or more rearwardly directed water jets 64 help to clear debris 62 from the cooling tube 4.
  • Figure 4 shows an interface connection 66 to the cleaning system.
  • the tool 42 can be lead through the flexible hose 36 to the tool carriage 22, via the tool piston 28, and into the cooler tube 4.
  • the manipulator system 18 may also be used for inline inspection of single tubes 4, for example by inserting an inspection sensor to monitor wall thickness throughout the complete length of a tube 4.
  • the lance 42 may itself form the inspection sensor 42.
  • a manipulator system 70 comprises a tool insertion device 71 (shown in Figure 8), which is carried on a rotary arm 72 which allows the tool insertion device 71 to be positioned at any position within the circular cross section of the cooler 2.
  • the rotary arm 72 spans at least half, and typically about half, of the diameter of the cooler 2.
  • One end of the arm 72 is rotatably mounted on the outer ring 30 at a hinged connection 74.
  • the hinged connection 74 can be moved around the circumference of the cooler 2 by moving the outer ring 30 around the track 34 at the circumference of the cooler 2.
  • the tool insertion device 71 is mounted at the opposite end of the rotary arm 72 to said hinged connection 74, and can be positioned by rotating the arm 72 about said hinged connection 74 by means of a rotary motor 73 mounted at the hinged connection 74.
  • Figure 7 also shows a cross-sectional view of the flexible hose 36 used for this embodiment, which includes at least one pneumatic supply pipe 38 for driving the rotary arm 72.
  • the pneumatic supply pipe 38 can be replaced by a hydraulic supply pipe or electric cable if appropriate.
  • the flexible hose 36 also contains a maintenance tube 41 for carrying maintenance tools (e.g. a lance cleaner, when the tool 42 is a lance cleaner) to one of the cooling tubes 4, as shown in Figure 8.
  • maintenance tools e.g. a lance cleaner, when the tool 42 is a lance cleaner
  • FIG. 8 An alternative tool insertion device 71 is shown in figure 8.
  • a tool 42 or a component thereof, can extend from the tool insertion device 71 to the tube sheet 14 or 16, and through a hole 19 to the inside of a cooling tube 4, by means of a guide tube 74, which may have a fixed length as shown in Figure 8.
  • Figure 8 shows an example of a tool 42 for cleaning the cooling tubes 4.
  • the tool 42 in this example is a lance which is slidably movable within the cooling tubes 4.
  • a guide tube 74 is provided for positioning the tip of the tool 42 above the entrance of one of the cooling tubes 4. Additional sensors (not shown) may be provided on the tool insertion device 71 to ensure accurate positioning of the arm 72.
  • cooling fluid e.g. sea water
  • the described embodiment allows the maintenance of tube and sheet heat exchangers without production losses.
  • the operations can be condition based rather than scheduled. That is, it is possible to intervene at any time and at any location, as and when needed.
  • Tube and sheet heat exchangers may be used in production facilities both onshore and offshore.
  • the described embodiment has a considerable impact on regularity and efficiency of hydrocarbon production.
  • the invention may allow inline use of existing technologies.
  • the invention provides a manipulator for online maintenance of shell and tube heat exchangers.
  • a maintenance apparatus for use with a heat exchanger for cooling or heating a fluid said heat exchanger comprising a plurality of heat exchanger tubes each arranged to carry a heat exchanger fluid, said maintenance apparatus comprising: a rotatably mounted beam;
  • a tool insertion device mounted on said tool carriage, said tool insertion device being arranged to carry a maintenance tool for insertion into one of said heat exchanger tubes,
  • An apparatus as described in any preceding paragraph which further comprises a flexible hose which is connected at one end to said tool insertion device. 8. An apparatus as described in paragraph 7, wherein said flexible hose is arranged to provide power to said tool and/or power for moving said tool carriage along said beam.
  • An apparatus as described in any preceding paragraph which further comprises an electronic control system for controlling movement of said tool and operation of said tool insertion device.
  • a heat exchanger for cooling or heating a fluid said heat exchanger comprising a plurality of heat exchanger tubes each arranged to carry a heat exchanger fluid and a maintenance apparatus as described in any preceding paragraph.
  • steps a) and b) whilst continuing to perform steps a) and b), performing the following steps: d) positioning said tool adjacent an end of a selected cooling tube; and e) moving said tool into said selected cooling tube.
  • step of positioning said tool includes rotating said beam and moving said tool carriage along said beam.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil d'entretien destiné à être utilisé avec un échangeur de chaleur permettant de refroidir ou de chauffer un fluide, ledit échangeur de chaleur comprenant une pluralité de tubes d'échangeur de chaleur agencés chacun pour transporter un fluide d'échangeur de chaleur, comprenant : un rail circulaire ou sensiblement circulaire ; un élément mobile monté de façon mobile sur ledit rail ; et un dispositif d'insertion d'outil monté sur ledit élément mobile, ledit dispositif d'insertion d'outil étant agencé pour porter un outil d'entretien destiné à être inséré dans l'un desdits tubes d'échangeur de chaleur, le mouvement dudit élément mobile permettant audit outil d'être positionné adjacent à l'extrémité d'un tube d'échangeur de chaleur sélectionné, et ledit dispositif d'insertion d'outil étant agencé pour déplacer ledit outil dans ledit tube d'échangeur de chaleur sélectionné.
PCT/NO2017/050166 2016-06-28 2017-06-22 Perfectionnements apportés à l'entretien d'échangeurs de chaleur Ceased WO2018004350A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/NO2016/050145 WO2018004348A1 (fr) 2016-06-28 2016-06-28 Perfectionnements relatifs à l'entretien d'échangeurs de chaleur
NOPCT/NO2016/050145 2016-06-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018004350A1 true WO2018004350A1 (fr) 2018-01-04

Family

ID=60786470

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO2016/050145 Ceased WO2018004348A1 (fr) 2016-06-28 2016-06-28 Perfectionnements relatifs à l'entretien d'échangeurs de chaleur
PCT/NO2017/050166 Ceased WO2018004350A1 (fr) 2016-06-28 2017-06-22 Perfectionnements apportés à l'entretien d'échangeurs de chaleur

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO2016/050145 Ceased WO2018004348A1 (fr) 2016-06-28 2016-06-28 Perfectionnements relatifs à l'entretien d'échangeurs de chaleur

Country Status (1)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1472599A (en) * 1973-04-25 1977-05-04 Wiederhold H Heat-exchanger with cleaning means
US6681839B1 (en) * 2001-02-23 2004-01-27 Brent A. Balzer Heat exchanger exchange-tube cleaning lance positioning system
CN104654898A (zh) * 2014-03-31 2015-05-27 柳州联盟通管设备制造有限公司 换热管清洗机
DE102014104356A1 (de) * 2014-03-28 2015-10-01 Lobbe Industrieservice Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Reinigen von Rohrbündeln
WO2016014626A1 (fr) * 2014-07-24 2016-01-28 Stoneage, Inc. Appareil à cadre de positionneur de lance de nettoyage à tube flexible

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100537801B1 (ko) * 2004-04-06 2005-12-19 안지언 다관식 열교환기용 스케일 제거장치
EP2409104B1 (fr) * 2009-03-17 2015-11-11 Dow Global Technologies LLC Procédé d'échange de chaleur
CN201697533U (zh) * 2010-06-19 2011-01-05 佛山市顺德区怡辉空调设备有限公司 壳管式冷凝器
CN104567484A (zh) * 2013-10-29 2015-04-29 邵龙升 一种自动清垢管壳式换热器

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1472599A (en) * 1973-04-25 1977-05-04 Wiederhold H Heat-exchanger with cleaning means
US6681839B1 (en) * 2001-02-23 2004-01-27 Brent A. Balzer Heat exchanger exchange-tube cleaning lance positioning system
DE102014104356A1 (de) * 2014-03-28 2015-10-01 Lobbe Industrieservice Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Reinigen von Rohrbündeln
CN104654898A (zh) * 2014-03-31 2015-05-27 柳州联盟通管设备制造有限公司 换热管清洗机
WO2016014626A1 (fr) * 2014-07-24 2016-01-28 Stoneage, Inc. Appareil à cadre de positionneur de lance de nettoyage à tube flexible

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
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