WO2018000587A1 - Vacuum induction furnace, electric arc furnace vacuum magnesium refining system and magnesium refining method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a vacuum magnesium smelting system, comprising the following connected in series: a pulverizing system, a preheating decomposition system, a calcination system, a secondary heating system, a vacuum reaction system heated by an induction furnace or an electric arc furnace, and a condensing collection system. Magnesium refining method includes preamble preparation, induction furnace or electric arc furnace vacuum refining magnesium, and terminates startup-shutdown. A magnesium-containing powder is blown into a ferrosilicon solution, to produce magnesium vapor, and the magnesium vapor is condensed and collected to form crude magnesium. The production efficiency of the system and the method is high.

Description

Vacuum induction furnace, electric arc furnace vacuum magnesium smelting system and magnesium smelting method thereof

This application is submitted to the China Patent Office on June 29, 2016, the application number is 201610498925.2, and the invention name is “a vacuum induction furnace magnesium smelting system and its magnesium smelting method”. It was submitted to the Chinese Patent Office on June 29, 2016. The application number is 201620666348.9, the utility model name is “a vacuum induction furnace magnesium smelting system”, and the Chinese Patent Office submitted to the Chinese Patent Office on June 29, 2016, the application number is 201610496951.1, and the invention name is “an electric arc furnace vacuum magnesium smelting system and The priority of the three Chinese patent applications of the method of smelting magnesium is incorporated herein by reference.

Technical field

The invention relates to a metal smelting system and a method thereof, in particular to a vacuum induction furnace, an electric arc furnace vacuum magnesium smelting system and a magnesium smelting method thereof with high yield, low cost and less environmental pollution.

Background technique

Magnesium is a metal element with abundant reserves in the earth, accounting for 2.1%---2.7% of the total mass of the earth. China's reserves are the largest reserves of magnesium resources in the world. At present, tens of billions of tons have been proven. Magnesium and magnesium alloys have small specific gravity, high strength, good shock absorption, good impact resistance, good machinability, good thermal conductivity, recycling and recycling, less environmental pollution, excellent environmental and performance advantages, and a wide range of applications. It is a rare metal that can be recycled. Vigorously developing the magnesium industry has obvious resource advantages and market advantages in China and the world.

At present, magnesium production methods mainly include magnesium chloride molten salt electrolysis and thermal reduction. At present, 85% of the global magnesium production is produced by the metal reduction method in the thermal reduction method, namely the “Pijiang Law”. The thermal reduction method produces the “Pijiang method” in the metal reduction method as an example, and there are many shortcomings in current production. 1 large thermal radiation radius, large heat loss, serious environmental pollution, long-term reduction time of 12-14 hours; 2 all manual operation, on-site workers with high labor intensity and low efficiency; 3 high production cost, mainly high energy consumption, high cost of reduction tank The yield is low and the economic benefits are not satisfactory. 4 It is impossible to form large-scale continuous production, which does not meet the requirements of modern large-scale industrial development.

Some countries use their own resource conditions to produce chlorine gas during the production process using magnesium chloride molten salt electrolysis, which causes harm and pollution to people and the environment. Currently, this production method is rarely used.

At present, China's metal magnesium production has accounted for 85% of the global share, most of which are produced by the thermal reduction method, namely the “Pijiang Law” production.

At present, the prior art "Pijiang Method" production process mainly uses calcined dolomite as a raw material, ferrosilicon as a reducing agent, and fluorite as a catalyst for metering and batching. After grinding, it is pressed into a ball, called a pellet. The pellet was charged into a reduction tank, heated to 1200 ° C, and internally evacuated to 13.3 Pa or higher to generate magnesium vapor. Magnesium vapor forms crystalline magnesium in the condenser at the front end of the reduction tank, also known as crude magnesium. After refining with a flux, a commercial magnesium ingot, that is, refined magnesium, is produced. Pijiang Process Magnesium Production Process Pijiang Process Magnesium Production Process (1) Dolomite Calcination: Dolomite is heated to 1100-1200 ° C in a rotary kiln or shaft kiln, and calcined white (MgO·CaO). (2) Ingredient ball making: The calcined white, ferrosilicon powder and fluorite powder are metered, ground, and then pressed into balls. (3) Reduction: The pellet is heated to 1200 + 10 ° C in a reduction tank, and maintained under a vacuum of 13.3 Pa or higher for 8 to 10 hours, and the magnesium oxide is reduced to magnesium vapor, and after condensation, it becomes crude magnesium. (4) Refining ingot: The crude magnesium is heated and melted, and refined at a high temperature of about 710 ° C, and then refined into a magnesium ingot, also called fine magnesium. (5) Pickling: The magnesium ingot is washed with sulfuric acid or nitric acid to remove surface inclusions to make the surface beautiful. (6) Gas-making workshop: Convert raw coal into gas and use it as fuel. There is no gas plant in the magnesium plant that uses raw coal directly.

At present, the Chinese patent application No. 95100495.6 in the prior art is called a new process of silicon-thermal reduction vacuum magnesium smelting of electric furnace hot charging material, and inherits the "Pijiang method" magnesium with ferrosilicon as a reducing agent, and can be reduced under heat. The core theory of magnesium, the "Pi Jiang Law." By the reduction reaction, that is, the magnesium vapor is generated under the temperature increasing condition, and then the magnesium liquid is changed by the condenser, but the patent period has expired, there is no production record, and the production cannot be continuously performed. Chinese patent (201010255111.9), single diffuse tube silicon bath vacuum circulating magnesium smelting device and method thereof, Chinese patent (201010255097.2) double diffuse tube silicon bath vacuum circulating magnesium smelting device and method thereof, and patent (201080000976.9) a vacuum circulation Method and equipment for molten magnesium thermal magnesium smelting. Aiming at the current backward magnesium smelting technology and production defects, the viewpoint of reducing silicon smelting by molten silicon thermal method is proposed. However, due to the circulation mechanism of single and double immersed tubes, the requirements for silicon hot bath volume are extremely high, heating is difficult, and slag is discharged. The result is that continuous production cannot be carried out, the site is demanding, the investment and production scale are extremely large, and the magnesium magnesium yield is low in an environment exposed to the atmosphere.

Summary of the invention

In view of the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a direct condition for making it more continuous production, and can fully utilize the metal magnesium raw material from decomposition heating, thereby achieving high yield, low cost, and less environmental pollution. Vacuum induction furnace magnesium smelting system and magnesium smelting method thereof.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

A vacuum induction furnace magnesium smelting system, characterized in that the system comprises a grinding system, a preheating decomposition system, a calcining system, a secondary heating system, a vacuum reaction system, a condensation collecting system, and a vacuum reaction system, which are sequentially connected A slag collecting system is disposed on the condensing collecting system, wherein the condensing collecting system is provided with a dust collecting and collecting system; wherein:

The grinding system comprises a crusher, a storage tank, a first hoist, a grinding head stable silo, a vertical mill, a separator, a first dust remover, a second hoist, a first storage tank, and a separation. The device is connected to the upper part of the vertical mill, and is connected in series with the first dust collector and the first exhaust fan, and penetrates with the product outlet, and the first induced draft fan is connected to the bottom of the vertical mill;

The preheating decomposition system comprises a bucket elevator connected by a round pipe metering reamer and a first stock magazine in the grinding system, and further comprises a feeding screw conveyor and a four-stage preheating which are sequentially connected with the bucket elevator. The decomposition tower, the cyclone dust collector and the four-stage preheating decomposition tower are connected in parallel on the feeding screw conveyor, the upper part of the cyclone dust collector is connected with a blower, the lower end is connected with the second exhaust fan, the blower is provided with an exhaust chimney, and the cyclone dust collector a return reamer is arranged at the discharge opening;

The calcining system comprises a rotary kiln which is continuous with the four-stage preheating decomposition tower. The rear combustion chamber of the rotary kiln is provided with a gas injection gun and is connected with the air blower. The gas used for the gas injection gun is provided by the remote gas storage tank, and is rotated. The kiln end of the kiln is provided with a conveyor for conveying materials, one end of the conveyor is connected to the third hoist, the other end is provided with a front cooling fan, and the third hoist is connected to the second storage hopper;

The secondary heating system comprises a heating tank connected to the second storage tank through a "Z" shaped squeegee conveyor, a hot blast stove connected to the heating tank, a second storage sump and a heating tank are connected to the first through the pipeline On the second dust collector, the heating tank tail is connected to the vacuum reaction system through the feeding valve and the feeding pipe;

The vacuum reaction system comprises a vacuum induction furnace connected to a heating tank in a secondary heating system through a conveying pipe and a powder blowing gun, a ferrosilicon liquid package placed in the vacuum induction furnace, and a vacuum furnace upper cover, the vacuum induction furnace From the outside to the inside, the induction coil, the insulation layer, the ferrosilicon liquid package, the vacuum reaction chamber, the ferrosilicon liquid package contains the ferrosilicon liquid, and the vacuum furnace upper cover is arranged on the lifting device, and the vacuum furnace upper cover is provided with The feeding port and the detecting port, the powder blowing gun penetrates from the feeding port into the silicon iron liquid bag, and the powder blowing gun communicates with the peripheral argon blowing valve, and penetrates with the conveying pipe and the feeding valve. A check valve is installed between the argon blowing valve and the powder blowing gun;

The slag collecting system comprises a slag collecting device connected with a silicon iron liquid bag in a vacuum reaction system through a closed type slag port, and a lower part of the slag collecting device and the vacuum induction furnace are provided with a translation device;

The condensing collection system comprises a primary cooling device connected to a vacuum induction furnace in a vacuum reaction system through a magnesium vapor delivery cylinder, a dust removal device sequentially connected to the primary cooling device, a magnesium vapor carrying device, a magnesium vapor condensation collecting device, and a metal a magnesium liquid tank, wherein the magnesium vapor condensation collecting device is connected with a third dust remover of the dust collecting and collecting system, and the third dust remover is connected to the dust collecting set by a vacuum pumping device and an argon gas purifying and collecting device in sequence The argon gas tank of the gas system.

Preferably, the discharge port of the first storage in the grinding system is provided with a regulating shutter, and the discharge port of the grinding head stabilization bin is connected to the vertical mill through an electronic belt scale.

Preferably, the second stock storage outlet is provided with a bottom regulating valve, a feeding valve is arranged at the heating tank discharge port, a second induced draft fan is connected to the heating tank, and the second dust collector is connected with the second Three rows of fans.

Preferably, the inlet of the argon gas storage tank is provided with an intake valve, the outlet is provided with an argon gas output valve, the magnesium magnesium liquid tank is provided with a magnesium liquid discharge port, and the bottom of the third dust remover is provided with an automatic air lock line Dust valve.

The invention also discloses a vacuum induction furnace magnesium smelting method, which is characterized in that it comprises three stages of pre-preparation, induction furnace vacuum magnesium smelting and end opening and closing;

The pre-preparation phase includes:

Step 1. Prepare the reactants - magnesium ore containing powder:

1. Grinding: Firstly, the magnesia ore (dolomite) is crushed by the crusher in the grinding system, and then grinded by the vertical mill to ensure the inspection fineness of 0.05-0.3mm, put into the first storage stock, 2 Preheating decomposition: the powdered abrasive in the first storage tank is lifted and sent to the four-stage decomposition preheating tower for preheating decomposition through the bucket elevator. 3. Calcination: Preheating in the four-stage decomposition preheating tower The decomposition material is slid into the rotary kiln for calcination, causing the calcium carbonate to overflow, forming a forged white powder containing 40% to 46% of magnesium oxide (mainly composed of Mgo, Cao), and transporting the forged white powder to the third storage tank through the third hoist Medium storage, 4, heating: the forged white powder in the third storage tank is transported to the heating tank through the “Z” type buried scraper conveyor, and then reheated to 900 ° C ± 150 ° C, temporarily stored for use;

Step 2: Prepare the reaction solvent - pre-melting ferrosilicon alloy liquid: In the equipped vacuum induction furnace, about 75% of ferrosilicon is metered according to the capacity and proportion, and melted into ferrosilicon liquid, at 1200 ° C - 1650 ° C Insulation for use;

The induction furnace vacuum magnesium smelting stage comprises:

Step 3: vacuum induction furnace vacuuming: respectively start the base induction device of the vacuum induction furnace and the slag collection device, make it docked in place, then activate the lifting device of the vacuum furnace upper cover, cover the vacuum furnace upper cover, and make the vacuum reaction The chamber and the upper cover of the vacuum furnace are completely sealed and firmly, and then vacuumed by a vacuuming device, and the vacuum pressure value is 100-12000Pa;

Step 4: Filling with argon gas: open the argon blowing valve, backfill the argon gas into the vacuum reaction chamber after vacuuming in step three, and turn on the vacuum induction furnace heating system to make the molten iron boil and keep the temperature at the same time through the detection port and the high temperature camera. 1200-1650 ° C, and the argon gas is fully filled;

Step 5: Adding a reactant: inserting a powder injection gun into the ferrosilicon liquid from the top of the upper cover of the vacuum furnace, and mixing the argon gas into the ferrosilicon liquid to spray the heated magnesium ore powder; the argon gas is blown The mechanism of action and electromagnetic stirring enables the magnesium ore powder and the ferrosilicon liquid to be thoroughly stirred and mixed, and the displacement reduction reaction occurs under the vacuum state and the controlled range of high temperature to generate magnesium vapor;

Step 6. Cooling collection: The magnesium vapor produced in step 5 is transported through the magnesium vapor transport cylinder in the vacuum direction, cooled by the first-stage cooling device, and discharged into the magnesium vapor carrying device after the dust collector is removed, and then flows into the magnesium with temperature control at 600±50°C. In the vapor condensation trapping device, the magnesium liquid (or dripping) stream obtained in the magnesium vapor condensation trapping device is dropped (dropped) into the metal magnesium liquid tank, and is to be ingot or refined, used in vacuum high temperature smelting. The argon gas is sent to the argon gas storage tank through the third dust collector and sent to the argon gas purifying and collecting device by the vacuum pumping device;

Step 7: clearing the slag: after the reduction reaction is completed, the slag collecting device collecting the slag liquid is displaced, then poured out, and then the slag collecting device is reset;

Step 8. Perform the next round of operation according to the steps from step two to step seven, and rotate the work in turn;

The end of the shutdown phase includes:

Step 9. After the reaction of the vacuum reaction chamber is finished, the powder injection gun is sequentially closed and lifted; the argon blowing valve, the induction furnace heating device, the vacuum suction device and the dust removal device, the third dust collector, and the argon output are sequentially closed. The valve does not cause secondary recirculation of the collected gas;

Step 10. When the pressure of the vacuum reaction chamber is balanced with the atmosphere from the detecting instrument, the lifting device and the translation device are respectively activated to separate the vacuum reaction chamber from the upper cover of the vacuum furnace.

Compared with the prior art, the vacuum induction furnace magnesium smelting system and the magnesium smelting method thereof provided by the invention use 40%--75% of ferrosilicon containing silicon, the temperature is 1200 ° C - 1650 ° C, and is pre-melted. Sealing, opening the pumping equipment to form a vacuum, first filling the container with argon gas, and after the argon gas is saturated, start to spray 700 °C---1000 °C content into the ferrosilicon liquid package. ---80% containing magnesium ore, in full In the boiling environment of argon, the magnesium ore powder and the ferrosilicon solution are subjected to a reduction reaction with a vacuum of 100---12000 Pa. The reacted magnesium vapor passes through a magnesium vapor carrying device, passes through a magnesium steam chiller, and is cooled to form a magnesium liquid, and then The magnesium liquid receiving device is sent to the magnesium liquid refining station for refining pouring or directly producing other products, and the argon gas is purified and treated by the cooling dust removing device, and the gas discharged after the dust removing device is treated without any environmental pollution. The production process of the invention is reasonable, compact, matched with equipment, complete in process, fast in reaction process, short in time, high in production efficiency, and can reduce production cost by more than 1/3.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides another technical solution:

An electric arc furnace vacuum magnesium smelting system, characterized in that the system comprises a grinding system, a preheating decomposition system, a calcining system, a secondary heating system, a vacuum reaction system, a condensation collecting system, a condensing collecting system, which are sequentially connected There is a dust collection and collection system;

The grinding system comprises a crusher, a storage tank, a first hoist, a grinding head stable silo, a vertical mill, a separator, a first dust remover, a second hoist, a first storage tank, and a separation. The device is connected to the upper part of the vertical mill, and is connected in series with the first dust collector and the first exhaust fan, and penetrates with the product outlet, and the first induced draft fan is connected to the bottom of the vertical mill;

The preheating decomposition system comprises a bucket elevator connected by a round pipe metering reamer and a first stock magazine in the grinding system, and further comprises a feeding screw conveyor and a four-stage preheating which are sequentially connected with the bucket elevator. The decomposition tower, the cyclone dust collector and the four-stage preheating decomposition tower are connected in parallel on the feeding screw conveyor, the upper part of the cyclone dust collector is connected with a blower, the lower end is connected with the second exhaust fan, the blower is provided with an exhaust chimney, and the cyclone dust collector a return reamer is arranged at the discharge opening;

The calcining system comprises a rotary kiln which is continuous with the four-stage preheating decomposition tower. The rear combustion chamber of the rotary kiln is provided with a gas injection gun and is connected with the air blower. The gas used for the gas injection gun is provided by the remote gas storage tank, and is rotated. The kiln end of the kiln is provided with a conveyor for conveying materials, one end of the conveyor is connected to the third hoist, the other end is provided with a front cooling fan, and the third hoist is connected to the second storage hopper;

The secondary heating system comprises a heating tank connected to the second storage tank through a "Z" shaped squeegee conveyor, a hot blast stove connected to the heating tank, a second storage sump and a heating tank are connected to the first through the pipeline On the second dust collector, the heating tank tail is connected to the vacuum reaction system through the feeding valve and the feeding pipe;

The vacuum reaction system comprises a vacuum arc furnace connected to a heating tank in a secondary heating system through a feed pipe and a powder blowing gun, a pre-melted silicon iron liquid package placed in the vacuum electric arc furnace, and a vacuum furnace upper cover. Including two or more ferrosilicon liquid packages equipped with pre-melted ferrosilicon The upper part of the electric arc furnace on the upper part of the silicon iron liquid package is provided with a heating electrode device and a ferrosilicon alloy feeding port, which is an outer furnace body, an insulation brick, a vacuum reaction chamber, and a pre-melted silicon iron liquid from the outside to the inside. a silicon iron solution contained in the package and the pre-melted silicon iron liquid package, the upper cover of the vacuum furnace is arranged on the lifting device, and the upper surface of the vacuum furnace is provided with an electrode heating device, and the slag discharge port of the vacuum electric arc furnace is provided with slag discharging a rotary moving device is disposed between the valve, the vacuum arc furnace and the ferrosilicon liquid package, and a bottom of the vacuum arc furnace is provided with a translating device, and the powder injection gun penetrates from the sidewall of the vacuum arc furnace into the ferrosilicon liquid, the material The powder blowing gun is connected with the peripheral argon blowing valve, and is connected with the feeding pipe and the feeding valve, and a check valve is installed between the argon blowing valve and the powder injection gun;

The condensing collection system comprises a magnesium steam concentrating carrier connected to a vacuum furnace upper cover in a vacuum reaction system through a magnesium vapor conveying cylinder, a check valve sequentially connected to the magnesium steam concentrating carrier, a magnesium vapor condensing and collecting device, and a magnesium liquid a collecting tank, a third dust remover of the dust collecting and collecting system is connected to the upper portion of the magnesium steam condensing and collecting device, and a vacuum pumping device and a cold water atomizer are arranged at the top of the third dust collector, and the vacuum pumping device is purified by argon gas The trapping device is connected to the argon gas storage tank, and the louver is staggered inside the third dust collector.

Optionally, the discharge port of the first storage in the grinding system is provided with an adjustment gate, and the discharge port of the grinding head stabilization bin is connected to the vertical mill through an electronic belt scale.

Optionally, the discharge port of the second storage tank is provided with a bottom regulating valve, a feeding valve is arranged at the discharging port of the heating tank, a second induced draft fan is connected to the heating tank, and a third row is connected to the second dust removing device. Fan.

Optionally, the inlet of the argon gas storage tank is provided with an intake valve, the outlet is provided with an argon gas output valve, and the argon gas storage tank is provided with a safety valve, and the magnesium liquid collection tank is provided with a magnesium liquid discharge port, The bottom of the third dust collector is provided with an automatic air lock dust valve.

The invention also discloses an electric arc furnace vacuum magnesium smelting method, which is characterized in that it comprises three stages of pre-preparation, electric arc furnace vacuum magnesium smelting and end opening and closing;

The pre-preparation phase includes:

Step 1. Prepare the reactants - magnesium ore containing powder:

1. Grinding: Firstly, the magnesia ore (dolomite) is crushed by the crusher in the grinding system, and then grinded by the vertical mill to ensure the inspection fineness of 0.05-0.3mm, put into the first storage stock, 2 Preheating decomposition: the powdered abrasive in the first storage tank is lifted and sent to the four-stage decomposition preheating tower for preheating decomposition through the bucket elevator. 3. Calcination: Preheating in the four-stage decomposition preheating tower The decomposition material slips into the rotary kiln Calcination, causing calcium carbonate to overflow, forming a forging white powder containing 40% to 46% of magnesium oxide (main component is Mgo, Cao), and transporting the forged white powder to the third storage tank through the third hoist, 4, heating : The forged white powder in the third storage silo is transported to the heating tank through the “Z” type buried scraper conveyor, and is further heated to 900 ° C ± 150 ° C, temporarily stored for use;

Step 2: Prepare the reaction solvent - pre-melted ferrosilicon solution: In the equipped ferrosilicon liquid package, industrial silicon and about 75% of ferrosilicon are metered according to the capacity and ratio, and inserted into the heating electrode device to melt it into ferrosilicon solution. , kept at 1400 ° C -1650 ° C for use;

The electric arc furnace vacuum magnesium smelting stage includes:

Step 3: Vacuum vacuum furnace vacuuming: The silicon iron liquid is packaged in a vacuum reaction chamber of the vacuum arc furnace by a rotary moving device, and the translation device of the vacuum arc furnace base is activated to be in position, and then the vacuum furnace upper cover is activated. The lifting device is covered with a vacuum furnace upper cover, so that the vacuum reaction chamber and the vacuum furnace upper cover are completely sealed and firmly, and then vacuumed by a vacuum suction device, and the vacuum pressure value is 20-2500 Pa;

Step 4: Filling with argon gas: open the argon blowing valve, backfill the argon gas into the vacuum reaction chamber after vacuuming in step three, and turn on the electrode heating device to boil the ferrosilicon liquid and keep the temperature at 1400-1650 ° C, and argon gas all. Filling

Step 5: Adding a reactant: inserting a powder injection gun into the ferrosilicon liquid from the side of the vacuum arc furnace, and mixing the argon gas into the ferrosilicon liquid to spray the heated magnesium ore powder; the argon gas is blown The effect is that the magnesium ore powder and the ferrosilicon liquid are fully stirred and mixed, and the displacement reduction reaction occurs under the vacuum state and the controlled range of high temperature to generate magnesium vapor;

Step 6. Cooling collection: The magnesium vapor produced in step 5 is transported through the magnesium vapor transfer cylinder in the vacuum direction, the magnesium vapor build-up carrier carries the check valve, and then flows into the magnesium vapor condensation trapping device with temperature control at 650±40 °C. The magnesium liquid (or dripping) stream obtained in the magnesium vapor condensation trapping device is dripped into the magnesium liquid collecting tank, and is subjected to ingot or refining, and the argon gas used in the vacuum high temperature smelting is passed through the gas. The three dust collector is processed by the argon gas purification and collecting device and flows to the argon gas storage tank;

Step 7: clearing the slag: after the reduction reaction is finished, discharging the slag liquid in the pre-melted ferrosilicon liquid package through the slag discharge valve;

Step 8. Perform the next round of operation according to the steps from step two to step seven, and rotate the work in turn;

The end of the shutdown phase includes:

Step 9. After the reaction of the vacuum reaction chamber is finished, the powder injection gun is closed; then the argon blowing valve, the electric arc furnace heating device, the vacuum suction device, the argon gas purification and trapping device, the argon gas output valve, the cold water atomizer are closed. And the collected gas does not produce secondary reflow;

Step 10: When the pressure of the vacuum reaction chamber is balanced with the atmosphere from the detecting instrument, the lifting device and the translation device are respectively activated to separate the vacuum reaction chamber from the upper cover of the vacuum furnace, and the rotating mobile device is activated and pre-used. The ferrosilicon package is replaced and each is in its place.

It should be noted that before the third dust collector works, several cold water sprayers evenly distributed on the top should be opened to make the water mist cross over the entire dust collection chamber, and the indoor water temperature can be used to improve the physical sedimentation of the dust. The dust collector wall and the louver are collected in the lower cone of the sedimentation chamber, and are regularly discharged into the sedimentation tank by the automatic air-locking dust-discharging valve, and are reused after being cooled and purified.

As can be seen from the above description, the present invention has the following advantages:

The new method of the vacuum furnace magnesium smelting method of the electric arc furnace of the invention has the advantages that the magnesium-containing powder after heating and decomposing is pulverized, and in the molten pool in which the ferrosilicon is melted into a liquid, after the vacuum treatment, the argon gas is charged, and the high temperature is contained in the spray. Magnesium powder, which produces magnesium vapor, which is collected and condensed to become a magnesium liquid to form coarse magnesium, which is then refined into a magnesium ingot. In this cycle, continuous production can be formed, thermal energy can be fully utilized, and production costs can be greatly reduced.

The silicon ferrite solution is pre-melted with a silicon content of 40%--75%, and the temperature is 1400C--1650C, and sent to the position of the AC-DC arc heating device. After sealing and sealing, the temperature is maintained by arc heating, and the pumping device is started. To form a vacuum, first fill the container with argon gas, and after the argon gas is saturated, start to spray 900c---1000c content of 20%---80% magnesium-containing ore powder into the ferrosilicon liquid package. In the boiling environment of argon, the magnesium ore powder and the ferrosilicon solution are subjected to a reduction reaction with a vacuum of 200--25000 Pa. The reacted magnesium vapor passes through a magnesium vapor carrying device, passes through a magnesium chiller to form a magnesium liquid, and then passes through The magnesium liquid receiving device is sent to the magnesium liquid refining station for refining pouring or directly producing other products, and the argon gas is processed and recovered by the cooling dust removing device. The production process of the invention is reasonable, compact, the equipment is matched, the process is complete, the reaction process is fast, the time is short, the production efficiency is high, and the production cost is reduced by more than 1/3.

DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only Are some embodiments of the invention, to those of ordinary skill in the art In other words, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without any creative work.

Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the apparatus for producing and producing a magnesia ore raw material of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a partial schematic view of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a partial schematic view of Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a partial schematic view of Figure 1;

Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of a vacuum induction furnace magnesium smelting apparatus of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a partial schematic view of Figure 5;

Figure 7 is a partial schematic view of Figure 5;

Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of an electric arc furnace vacuum magnesium smelting apparatus of the present invention;

Figure 9 is a partial schematic view of Figure 8;

Figure 10 is a partial schematic view of Figure 8.

Figures 1 - 7 are marked as:

101 crusher, 102 storage, 103 adjustment gate, 104 first elevator, 105 grinding head stable silo, 106 electronic belt scale, 107 vertical mill, 108 separator, 109 first dust collector, 110 first row Fan, 111 first induced draft fan, 112 product outlet, 113 third hoist, 114 first storage tank, 115 round tube metering reamer, 116 bucket hoist, 117 feeding screw conveyor, 118 four-stage decomposition pre- Heat tower, 119 second exhaust fan, 120 cyclone dust collector, 121 return reamer, 122 rotary kiln, 123 gas injection gun, 124 blower, 125 conveyor, 126 front air cooler, 127 blower, 128 exhaust chimney, 129 remote gas storage tank, 130 third hoist, 131 second storage tank, 132 bottom control valve, 133 "Z" type buried scraper conveyor, 134 heating tank, 135 hot blast stove, 136 second induced draft fan , 137 second dust collector, 138 third exhaust fan, 139 feeding valve, 140 conveying pipe;

301 vacuum induction furnace, 302 insulation layer, 303 vacuum reaction chamber, 304 ferrosilicon liquid package, 305 ferrosilicon liquid, 306 powder injection gun, 307 argon valve, 308 feed port, 309 vacuum furnace cover, 310 detection port , 311 lifting device, 312 translation device, 313 slag slag port, 314 slag collecting device, 315 induction coil, 316 check valve, 401 magnesium steam delivery cylinder, 402 primary cooling device, 403 dust removal device, 404 magnesium vapor bearing device, 405 magnesium vapor condensation trap, 406 metal magnesium liquid tank, 407 magnesium liquid discharge port, 408 third dust collector, 409 vacuum pumping device, 410 argon gas purification and trapping device, 411 argon gas storage tank, 412 air intake Valve, 413 argon output valve, 414 automatic air lock dust valve;

Among them, the symbols in Figure 8-10 are:

201 ferrosilicon liquid package, 202 heating electrode device, 203 electric arc furnace upper cover, 204 pre-melted ferrosilicon liquid, 205 ferrosilicon alloy feeding port, 301 vacuum electric arc furnace, 302 thermal insulation brick, 303 vacuum reaction chamber, 304 pre-melted silicon iron liquid Package, 305 ferrosilicon, 306 powder injection gun, 307 argon valve, 308 check valve, 309 vacuum furnace top cover, 310 electrode heating device, 311 lifting device, 312 translation device, 313 rotary moving device, 401 mg Steam delivery cylinder, 402 magnesium vapor accumulation carrier, 403 check valve, 404 magnesium vapor condensation trap, 405 magnesium liquid collection tank, 406 metal magnesium liquid, 407 magnesium liquid discharge port, 408 third dust collector, 409 vacuum pumping Gas device, 410 argon gas purification and trapping device, 411 argon gas storage tank, 412 safety valve, 413 argon gas output valve, 414 automatic air lock dust valve, 415 cold water sprayer, 416 shutters.

detailed description

The invention will now be further described with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a vacuum induction furnace magnesium smelting system is disclosed in Embodiment 1, characterized in that the system comprises a grinding system, a preheating decomposition system, a calcining system, and a secondary heating which are sequentially connected. The system, the vacuum reaction system, the condensation collection system, the vacuum reaction system is provided with a slag collection system, and the condensing collection system is provided with a dust collection and collection system; wherein:

The grinding system includes a crusher 101, a storage 102, a first hoist 104, a grinding head stabilization silo 105, a vertical mill 107, a separator 108, a first precipitator 109, and a second hoist 113 connected in sequence. The first storage bank 114, the separator 108 is connected to the upper portion of the vertical mill 107, and is sequentially connected in series with the first dust collector 109 and the first exhaust fan 110, and penetrates with the product outlet 112, and the bottom of the vertical mill 107 is connected. There is a first induced draft fan 111; the preheating decomposition system includes a bucket elevator 116 connected to the first storage reservoir 114 in the grinding system by a circular pipe reamer 115, and further includes a sequential connection with the bucket elevator 116. The feed screw conveyor 117 and the four-stage preheating decomposition tower 118, the cyclone dust collector 120 and the four-stage preheating decomposition tower 118 are connected in parallel to the feed screw conveyor 117, and a blower 127 is connected to the upper portion of the cyclone dust collector 120. The lower end is connected with a second exhaust fan 119, the blower 127 is provided with an exhaust chimney 128, the outlet of the cyclone 120 is provided with a return reamer 121;

The calcining system includes a rotary kiln 122 which is continuous with the four-stage preheating decomposition tower 118. The rear combustion chamber of the rotary kiln 122 is provided with a gas injection gun 123 and is coupled with the blower 124. The gas used by the gas injection gun 123 is remotely connected. The gas storage tank 129 is provided. The kiln end of the rotary kiln 122 is provided with a conveyor 125 for conveying materials. One end of the conveyor 125 is connected to the third hoist 130, and the other end is provided with a front chiller 126, and the third hoist 130 is connected. Going to the second stock storage 131;

The secondary heating system includes a heating tank 134 connected to the second storage silo 131 by a "Z" shaped buried scraper conveyor 133, a hot blast stove 135 connected to the heating tank 134, a second storage silo 131 and a heating tank 134 are connected to the second precipitator 137 through a pipe, and the tail of the heating tank 134 is connected to the vacuum reaction system through the feeding valve 139 and the feeding pipe 140;

The vacuum reaction system includes a vacuum induction furnace 301 connected to the heating tank 134 in the secondary heating system through the conveying pipe 140 and the powder blowing gun 306, a ferrosilicon liquid package 304 placed in the vacuum induction furnace 301, and a vacuum furnace. Cover 309, the vacuum induction furnace 301 is an induction coil 315, an insulation layer 302, a ferrosilicon liquid package 304, a vacuum reaction chamber 303 from the outside to the inside, and a ferrosilicon liquid 305 is contained in the ferrosilicon liquid package 304, and the vacuum furnace upper cover 309 It is disposed on the lifting device 311, and the vacuum furnace upper cover 309 is provided with a feeding port 308 and a detecting port 310. The powder blowing gun 306 penetrates from the feeding port 308 into the ferrosilicon liquid package 304, and the powder spraying The blow gun 306 is in communication with the peripheral argon blowing valve 307, and is interspersed with the feed pipe 140 and the feeding valve 139. A check valve 316 is installed between the argon blowing valve 307 and the powder blowing gun 306; The system includes a slag collecting device 314 connected to the silicon iron liquid bag 304 in the vacuum reaction system through the closed type slag port 313, and the lower portion of the slag collecting device 314 and the vacuum induction furnace 301 are provided with a translating device 312;

The condensing collection system includes a primary cooling device 402 connected to a vacuum induction furnace 301 in a vacuum reaction system through a magnesium vapor delivery cylinder 401, a dust removal device 403, a magnesium vapor bearing device 404, and a magnesium vapor, which are sequentially connected to the primary cooling device 402. a condensing and collecting device 405, a magnesium-magnesium liquid tank 406, and a third dust collector 408 connected to the dust collecting and collecting system, the third dust collector 408 sequentially passing through the vacuum pumping device 409, An argon gas purifying trap 410 is connected to the argon gas tank 411 of the dust collecting gas system.

Wherein, the discharge port of the first storage 102 in the grinding system is provided with a regulating shutter 103, and the discharge port of the grinding head stabilization silo 105 is connected to the vertical mill 107 through the electronic belt scale 106; the second storage bank The outlet of the 131 is provided with a bottom regulating valve 132. The feeding port 139 is provided with a feeding valve 139, and the heating fan 134 is connected with a second induced draft fan 136, and the second dust collector 137 is connected with a third exhaust fan 138, an inlet of the argon gas storage tank 411 is provided with an intake valve 412, an outlet is provided with an argon gas output valve 413, and a magnesium liquid liquid tank 406 is provided with a magnesium liquid discharge port 407, and a third dust remover An automatic air lock dust valve 414 is provided at the bottom of the 408.

The embodiment also discloses a vacuum induction furnace magnesium smelting method, which is characterized in that it comprises three stages of pre-preparation, induction furnace vacuum magnesium smelting and end opening and closing;

The pre-preparation phase includes:

Step 1. Prepare the reactants - magnesium ore containing powder:

1. Grinding: Firstly, the magnesite ore (dolomite) is crushed by the crusher 101 in the grinding system, and then ground by the vertical mill 107 to ensure the inspection fineness of 0.05-0.3 mm, and placed in the first storage silo. 114, 2, preheating decomposition: the powder in the first storage silo 114 is lifted and transported into the four-stage decomposition preheating tower 118 through the bucket elevator 116 for preheating decomposition, 3. calcination: four stages of decomposition The preheated decomposition material in the hot tower 118 is slid into the rotary kiln 122 to be calcined, so that the calcium carbonate overflows, forming a forged white powder containing 40% to 46% of magnesium oxide (mainly composed of Mgo, Cao), and the forging white powder is thirdly upgraded. The machine 130 is transported to the third storage silo 131 for storage. 4. Heating: The forged white powder in the third storage silo 131 is transported to the heating tank 134 via the "Z" type buried scraper conveyor 133, and is reheated to 900 ° C ± 150 ° C, temporary storage for use;

Step 2: Preparing a reaction solvent - pre-melting ferrosilicon alloy liquid: In the equipped vacuum induction furnace 301, about 75% of ferrosilicon is metered according to capacity and ratio, and melted into ferrosilicon liquid at 1200 ° C - 1650 ° C Keep warm for use;

The induction furnace vacuum magnesium smelting stage comprises:

Step 3: Vacuum induction furnace 301 is vacuumed: the base induction device 312 of the vacuum induction furnace 301 and the slag collection device 314 are respectively activated to be docked, and then the lifting device 311 of the vacuum furnace upper cover is activated, and the vacuum furnace upper cover is covered. 309, the vacuum reaction chamber 303 and the vacuum furnace upper cover 309 are completely sealed and firmly, and then vacuumed by a vacuum device, the vacuum pressure value is 100-12000Pa;

Step 4: Argon gas filling: the argon blowing valve 307 is opened, and the argon gas is backfilled in the vacuum reaction chamber 303 after the vacuuming in the third step, and the heating system of the vacuum induction furnace 301 is turned on, and the molten iron liquid is photographed through the detecting port 310 to make the molten iron. Boiling and maintaining the temperature at 1200-1650 ° C, and the argon gas is fully filled;

Step 5: Adding a reactant: inserting a powder injection gun 306 into the ferrosilicon solution 305 from the top of the upper cover 309 of the vacuum furnace, and mixing the argon gas into the ferrosilicon solution 305 to appropriately spray the heated magnesium ore powder; The action of argon gas injection and the mechanism of electromagnetic stirring enable the magnesium ore powder and the ferrosilicon liquid to be thoroughly stirred and mixed, and the displacement reduction reaction occurs under the vacuum state and the high temperature of the control range to generate magnesium vapor;

Step 6. Cooling collection: The magnesium vapor generated in step 5 is sequentially transported through the magnesium vapor delivery cylinder 401 in the vacuum direction, cooled by the primary cooling device 402, and dedusted by the dust remover 403, and then flows into the magnesium vapor carrying device 404, and then flows into the temperature control at 600±. In the magnesium vapor condensation trap 405 at 50 ° C, the magnesium liquid (or drip) stream obtained in the magnesium vapor condensation trap 405 is (dropped) into the metal magnesium liquid tank 406, to be ingot or refined, in a vacuum The argon gas used in the high-temperature smelting is sent to the argon gas storage tank 411 by the vacuum cleaner 409 after being sent to the argon gas purification and trapping device 410 by the third dust collector 408;

Step 7: clearing the slag: after the reduction reaction is completed, the slag collecting device 314 collecting the slag liquid is displaced, and then the slag collecting device 314 is reset;

Step 8: Perform the next round of operations according to the steps of Step 2 to Step 7, and sequentially rotate the operations; the ending and stopping phases include:

Step 9. After the reaction of the vacuum reaction chamber is finished, the powder blowing gun 306 is sequentially closed and lifted; the argon blowing valve, the induction furnace heating device, the vacuum pumping device 409, the dust removing device 403, and the third dust collector 408 are sequentially closed. And argon output valve 413, and the collected gas does not produce secondary reflow;

Step 10: When the pressure of the vacuum reaction chamber 303 is balanced with the atmosphere from the detecting instrument, the lifting device 311 and the translation device 312 are respectively activated to separate the vacuum reaction chamber 303 from the vacuum furnace upper cover 309.

In this cycle, continuous production can be formed, heat energy can be fully utilized, production cost can be greatly reduced, argon gas is purified and separated, and dust gas is collected and collected by a dust collector without any dust pollution. The opening and closing procedure in the above step Generally, the device that starts first stops after stopping; otherwise, the device that stops after it needs to be started first.

Example 2

Referring again to FIGS. 1 to 4, a vacuum induction furnace magnesium smelting system is disclosed in Embodiment 2, including a grinding system, a preheating decomposition system, a calcining system, a secondary heating system, a vacuum reaction system, and the like, which are sequentially connected. A condensing collection system is provided with a dust collection and collection system.

Wherein the grinding system, the preheating decomposition system, the calcining system structure, and the second The secondary heating system is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the specific description in the above embodiment 1 can be referred to, and the details are not described again. The structure different from that of Embodiment 1 will be mainly described below.

8 to FIG. 10, FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of an electric arc furnace vacuum magnesium smelting apparatus of the present invention; FIG. 9 is a partial schematic view of FIG. 8; and FIG. 10 is a partial schematic view of FIG.

The vacuum reaction system includes a vacuum arc furnace 301 connected to the heating tank 134 in the secondary heating system through the feed pipe 140 and the powder blowing gun 306, and a pre-melted silicon iron package 304 placed in the vacuum arc furnace 301. The vacuum furnace upper cover 309 further includes two or more ferrosilicon liquid packages 201, and the ferrosilicon liquid package 201 contains a pre-melted ferrosilicon liquid 204, and an electric arc furnace upper cover 203 on the upper portion of the ferrosilicon liquid package 201. The heating electrode device 202 and the ferrosilicon alloy feeding port 205 are arranged, and the vacuum arc furnace 301 is an outer furnace body, an insulating brick 302, a vacuum reaction chamber 303, a pre-melted silicon iron liquid package 304, and pre-melted silicon from the outside to the inside. The ferrosilicon liquid 305 contained in the molten iron package 304, the vacuum furnace upper cover 309 is disposed on the lifting device 311, and the vacuum furnace upper cover 309 is provided with an electrode heating device 310, and the vacuum arc furnace 301 is provided with a row on the slag opening A slag valve 314, a vacuum arc furnace 301 and a ferrosilicon pack 201 are disposed with a rotary moving device 313. The bottom of the vacuum arc furnace 301 is provided with a translating device 312. The powder blowing gun 306 is disposed on the side wall of the vacuum arc furnace 301. Deep into the ferrosilicon 305, the powder injection gun 306 and the peripheral blowing argon Communication 307, and 140 and the conveying pipe with an addition cross-arm through valve 139, valve 307 and the argon feed powder blowing lance 306 is attached to a check valve 308;

The condensing collection system includes a magnesium vapor buildup carrier 402 connected to the vacuum furnace upper cover 309 in the vacuum reaction system through a magnesium vapor transfer cylinder 401, a check valve 403 connected in sequence to the magnesium vapor buildup carrier 402, and a magnesium vapor condensation trap. a collecting device 404, a magnesium liquid collecting tank 405, and a third dust removing device 408 of the dust collecting and collecting system is connected to the upper portion of the magnesium steam condensing and collecting device 404. The third dust collector 408 is provided with a vacuum pumping device 409 and cold water at the top. The sprayer 415 is connected to the argon gas storage tank 411 via an argon gas purification and trapping device 410, and the louver 416 is staggered inside the third dust remover 408.

Further, the discharge port of the first storage 102 in the grinding system is provided with a regulating shutter 103, and the discharge port of the grinding head stabilization bin 105 is connected to the vertical mill 107 through the electronic belt scale 106.

Further, the discharge port of the second storage silo 131 is provided with a bottom regulating valve 132, and a feeding valve 139 is disposed at the discharge port of the heating tank 134, and a second induced draft fan 136 is connected to the heating tank 134, and the second dust remover 137 is connected. A third exhaust fan 138 is connected to the upper portion.

Further, the inlet of the argon gas storage tank 411 is provided with an intake valve, the outlet is provided with an argon gas output valve 413, and the argon gas storage tank 411 is provided with a safety valve 412, and the magnesium liquid collection tank 405 is provided with magnesium The liquid discharge port 407 is provided with an automatic air lock dust exhaust valve 414 at the bottom of the third dust remover 408.

The embodiment also discloses an electric arc furnace vacuum magnesium smelting method, which is characterized in that it comprises three stages of pre-preparation, electric arc furnace vacuum magnesium smelting and end opening and closing;

The pre-preparation phase includes:

Step 1. Prepare the reactants - magnesium ore containing powder:

1. Grinding: Firstly, the magnesite ore (dolomite) is crushed by the crusher 101 in the grinding system, and then ground by the vertical mill 107 to ensure the inspection fineness of 0.05-0.3 mm, and placed in the first storage silo. 114, 2, preheating decomposition: the powder in the first storage silo 114 is lifted and transported into the four-stage decomposition preheating tower 118 through the bucket elevator 116 for preheating decomposition, 3. calcination: four stages of decomposition The preheated decomposition material in the hot tower 118 is slid into the rotary kiln 122 to be calcined, so that the calcium carbonate overflows, forming a forged white powder containing 40% to 46% of magnesium oxide (mainly composed of Mgo, Cao), and the forging white powder is thirdly upgraded. The machine 130 is transported to the third storage silo 131 for storage. 4. Heating: The forged white powder in the third storage silo 131 is transported to the heating tank 134 via the "Z" type buried scraper conveyor 133, and is reheated to 900 ° C ± 150 ° C, temporary storage for use;

Step 2: Preparing a reaction solvent-premelted ferrosilicon solution: In the equipped ferrosilicon liquid package 201, industrial silicon and about 75% of ferrosilicon are metered according to capacity and ratio, and inserted into the heating electrode device 202 to be melted into silicon. Iron liquid, kept at 1400 ° C -1650 ° C for use;

The electric arc furnace vacuum magnesium smelting stage includes:

Step 3: The vacuum arc furnace 301 is evacuated: the ferrosilicon liquid package 201 is suspended in the vacuum reaction chamber 303 of the vacuum arc furnace 301 by the rotary moving device 313, and the translation device 312 of the base of the vacuum arc furnace 301 is activated to be in place. Then, the lifting device 311 of the upper cover of the vacuum furnace is activated, and the upper cover 309 of the vacuum furnace is covered to completely seal the vacuum reaction chamber 303 and the upper cover 309 of the vacuum furnace, and then vacuumed by a vacuum pumping device 409, vacuum The pressure value is 20-2500Pa;

Step 4: Argon gas filling: the argon blowing valve 307 is opened, and the argon gas is backfilled into the vacuum reaction chamber 303 after the vacuuming in the third step, and the electrode heating device 310 is turned on to boil the ferrosilicon liquid and the temperature is maintained at 1400-1650 ° C. And the argon gas is fully filled;

Step 5: adding a reactant: inserting the powder injection gun 306 from the side of the vacuum arc furnace 301 into the ferrosilicon liquid 305, and mixing the argon gas into the ferrosilicon solution 305 to appropriately spray the heated magnesium ore powder; Under the action of argon gas blowing, the magnesium ore powder and the ferrosilicon liquid 305 are fully stirred and mixed, and the displacement reduction reaction occurs under the vacuum state and the high temperature of the control range to generate magnesium vapor;

Step 6. Cooling collection: The magnesium vapor generated in step 5 is sequentially transported through the magnesium vapor transfer cylinder 401 in the vacuum direction, the magnesium vapor build-up carrier 402 is carried, the check valve 403 is carried, and the magnesium vapor condensation at a temperature of 650±40 ° C is further condensed. In the trapping device 404, the magnesium liquid (or dripping) stream obtained in the magnesium vapor condensation and trapping device 404 is (dropped) into the magnesium liquid collecting tank 405, and is to be ingot or refined, and used in vacuum high temperature smelting. The argon gas is passed through the argon gas purification and trapping device 410 and then flows to the argon gas storage tank 411;

Step 7: clearing the slag: after the reduction reaction is completed, the slag liquid in the pre-melted ferrosilicon liquid package 304 is discharged through the slag discharge valve 314;

Step 8: Perform the next round of operations according to the steps of Step 2 to Step 7, and sequentially rotate the operations; the ending and stopping phases include:

Step 9. After the reaction of the vacuum reaction chamber is finished, the powder injection gun 306 is closed; and the argon blowing valve, the electric arc furnace heating device, the vacuum suction device 409, the argon purification and collection device 410, and the argon output valve 413 are sequentially closed. , cold water sprayer 415, and the collected gas does not produce secondary reflow;

Step 10: When the pressure of the vacuum reaction chamber 303 is balanced with the atmosphere from the detecting instrument, the lifting device 311 and the translation device 312 are respectively activated to separate the vacuum reaction chamber 303 from the vacuum furnace upper cover 309, and the rotary moving device 313 is activated. Replace with the pre-used ferrosilicon package, each in its place.

It should be noted that before the third precipitator 408 is operated, a plurality of cold water sprayers 415 uniformly distributed on the top should be opened to make the water mist cross over the entire dust collecting chamber, and the physical temperature of the dust is raised by the indoor water temperature, and the spray water is sprayed. The dust collector wall and the louver are collected in the lower cone of the sedimentation chamber, and are automatically discharged into the sedimentation tank by the automatic air lock dust exhaust valve 414, and are reused after being cooled and purified.

In this cycle, continuous production can be formed, thermal energy can be fully utilized, and production costs can be greatly reduced. The opening and closing procedures in the above steps are generally stopped after the first start; otherwise, the devices that are stopped later need to be started first.

The above Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 are based on the principle of vacuum magnesium smelting, that is, belong to the same inventive concept and solve the same technical problem, so there is singularity.

It is to be understood that the above description of the present invention is intended to be illustrative only and not to be construed as limited to Equivalent replacement to achieve the same technical effect; only It is within the scope of the present invention to meet the needs of use.

Claims (11)

A vacuum induction furnace magnesium smelting system, characterized in that the system comprises a grinding system, a preheating decomposition system, a calcining system, a secondary heating system, a vacuum reaction system, a condensation collecting system, and a vacuum reaction system, which are sequentially connected A slag collecting system is disposed on the condensing collecting system, wherein the condensing collecting system is provided with a dust collecting and collecting system; wherein: The grinding system comprises a crusher (101), a storage (102), a first hoist (104), a grinding head (105), a vertical mill (107), a separator (108) connected in sequence. a first precipitator (109), a second hoist (113), a first hopper (114), and a separator (108) coupled to the upper portion of the vertical mill (107) and to the first precipitator (109) The first exhaust fan (110) is connected in series and simultaneously with the product outlet (112), and the first induced draft fan (111) is connected to the bottom of the vertical mill (107); The preheating decomposition system includes a bucket elevator (116) connected to the first storage reservoir (114) in the grinding system by a round pipe metering reamer (115), and also includes a bucket elevator (116) in turn. The connected feed screw conveyor (117) and the four-stage preheating decomposition tower (118), the cyclone dust collector (120) and the four-stage preheating decomposition tower (118) are connected in parallel to the feed screw conveyor (117). The upper part of the cyclone (120) is connected with a blower (127), the lower end is connected with a second exhaust fan (119), and the blower (127) is provided with an exhaust chimney (128), and the outlet of the cyclone (120) a return reamer (121) is provided at the place; The calcining system comprises a rotary kiln (122) coherently connected to a four-stage preheating decomposition column (118). The rear combustion chamber of the rotary kiln (122) is provided with a gas injection gun (123) and is coupled with a blower (124). The gas used in the gas injection gun (123) is provided by a remote gas storage tank (129). The kiln end of the rotary kiln (122) is provided with a conveyor (125) for conveying materials, and one end of the conveyor (125) is connected to the third. a hoist (130), the other end device has a front air cooler (126), and the third hoist (130) is connected to the second stock storage (131); The secondary heating system includes a heating tank (134) connected to the second storage tank (131) through a "Z" shaped squeegee conveyor (133), and a hot blast stove (135) connected to the heating tank (134) The second storage tank (131) and the heating tank (134) are both connected to the second dust remover (137) through a pipe, and the heating tank (134) tail is connected to the feed valve (139) and the feed pipe (140) to Vacuum reaction system; The vacuum reaction system comprises a vacuum induction furnace (301) connected to a heating tank (134) in a secondary heating system through a conveying pipe (140) and a powder blowing gun (306), and placed in a vacuum induction furnace (301). The silicon iron liquid package (304) and the vacuum furnace upper cover (309), the vacuum induction furnace (301) is an induction coil (315), an insulation layer (302), a ferrosilicon liquid package (304) from the outside to the inside. a vacuum reaction chamber (303), a ferrosilicon liquid package (304) containing a ferrosilicon liquid (305), a vacuum furnace upper cover (309) disposed on the lifting device (311), and the vacuum furnace upper cover (309) is disposed There is a feeding port (308) and a detecting port (310), and the powder blowing gun (306) penetrates from the feeding port (308) into the ferrosilicon liquid package (304), and the powder blowing gun (306) and The peripheral argon blowing valve (307) communicates with the feed pipe (140) and the feed valve (139), and a check valve is installed between the argon blowing valve (307) and the powder blowing gun (306). (316); The slag collecting system comprises a slag collecting device (314) connected to a ferrosilicon liquid package (304) in a vacuum reaction system through a closed type slag opening (313), a slag collecting device (314) and a vacuum induction furnace (301) The lower part is provided with a translation device (312); The condensing collection system includes a primary cooling device (402) connected to a vacuum induction furnace (301) in a vacuum reaction system through a magnesium vapor delivery cylinder (401), and a dust removal device (403) sequentially connected to the primary cooling device (402). a magnesium vapor carrying device (404), a magnesium vapor condensing and collecting device (405), a magnesium metal liquid tank (406), and a third of the dust collecting and collecting system connected to the magnesium vapor condensing and collecting device (405) a dust remover (408), the third dust remover (408) is sequentially connected to the argon gas storage tank (411) of the dust collection and collection system through a vacuum pumping device (409) and an argon gas purifying trapping device (410). on. The electric arc furnace vacuum magnesium smelting system according to claim 1, wherein the discharge port of the first storage (102) in the grinding system is provided with a regulating shutter (103), and the grinding head is stable. The discharge port of the silo (105) is connected to the vertical mill (107) via an electronic belt weigher (106). The electric arc furnace vacuum magnesium smelting system according to claim 1, wherein the second storage reservoir (131) outlet is provided with a reservoir bottom regulating valve (132), and the heating tank (134) is discharged. A feed valve (139) is disposed at the mouth, a second induced draft fan (136) is connected to the heating tank (134), and a third exhaust fan (138) is connected to the second dust remover (137). The electric arc furnace vacuum magnesium smelting system according to claim 1, wherein the inlet of the argon gas storage tank (411) is provided with an intake valve (412), and the outlet is provided with an argon output. The valve (413), the magnesium metal liquid tank (406) is provided with a magnesium liquid discharge port (407), and the bottom of the third dust remover (408) is provided with an automatic air lock dust discharge valve (414). A vacuum induction furnace magnesium smelting method, which comprises the following steps: pre-preparation, induction furnace vacuum magnesium smelting, and end-opening and shutdown; The pre-preparation phase includes: Step 1. Prepare the reactants - magnesium ore containing powder: 1. Grinding: Firstly, the magnesia ore (dolomite) is crushed by the crusher (101) in the grinding system, and then ground by a vertical mill (107) to ensure the inspection fineness of 0.05-0.3 mm. a storage silo (114), 2, preheating decomposition: the abrasive in the first storage silo (114) is lifted and sent into the four-stage decomposition preheating tower (118) through the bucket elevator (116) for pre-preparation. Thermal decomposition, 3. Calcination: The preheated decomposition material in the four-stage decomposition preheating tower (118) is slid into the rotary kiln (122) to be calcined, so that the calcium carbonate overflows to form a forged white powder containing 40% to 46% of magnesium oxide ( The main component is Mgo, Cao), and the forged white powder is transported to the third storage silo (131) through the third hoist (130) for storage, 4. Heating: the forging white powder in the third storage silo (131) It is transported to the heating tank (134) through the "Z" type buried scraper conveyor (133), and then reheated to 900 ° C ± 150 ° C, temporarily stored for use; Step 2: Prepare the reaction solvent-premelted ferrosilicon alloy liquid: In the equipped vacuum induction furnace (301), about 75% of ferrosilicon is metered according to the capacity and proportion, and melted into ferrosilicon liquid at 1200 ° C-- Keep it at around 1650 °C for use; The induction furnace vacuum magnesium smelting stage comprises: Step 3: Vacuum induction furnace (301) is vacuumed: respectively, the base induction device (312) of the vacuum induction furnace (301) and the slag collection device (314) is activated to be docked in position, and then the lifting device of the upper cover of the vacuum furnace is activated. (311), cover the upper cover of the vacuum furnace (309), completely seal the vacuum reaction chamber (303) and the upper cover of the vacuum furnace (309), and then evacuate it by vacuuming, and the vacuum pressure is 100. -12000Pa; Step 4: Filling with argon gas: opening the argon blowing valve (307), backfilling the argon gas into the vacuum reaction chamber (303) after vacuuming in step three, and simultaneously opening the heating system of the vacuum induction furnace (301), passing through the detecting port (310) Look and high temperature camera, make the molten iron boil and keep the temperature at 1200-1650 °C, and fill the argon gas completely; Step 5: Adding a reactant: inserting a powder blowing gun (306) into the ferrosilicon liquid (305) from the top of the vacuum furnace upper cover (309), and mixing the argon gas into the ferrosilicon liquid (305) to appropriately heat the injection. After magnesium Mineral powder; due to the action of argon gas injection and the mechanism of electromagnetic stirring, the magnesium ore powder and the ferrosilicon liquid are fully stirred and mixed, and the displacement reduction reaction occurs under the vacuum state and the high temperature of the control range to generate magnesium steam; Step 6. Cooling collection: The magnesium vapor generated in step 5 is sequentially transported through the magnesium vapor delivery cylinder (401) in the vacuum direction, cooled by the primary cooling device (402), and dedusted by the precipitator (403) and then flows into the magnesium vapor carrying device (404). And further flowing into a magnesium vapor condensation trap (405) whose temperature is controlled at 600 ± 50 ° C, and the magnesium liquid (or drip) stream obtained in the magnesium vapor condensation trap (405) is dropped (dropped) into the metal magnesium liquid tank In (406), the ingot or refining is performed, and the argon gas used in the vacuum high-temperature smelting is sent to the argon purification trapping device (410) by the vacuum pumping device (409) via the third dust remover (408). After treatment, the flow to the argon gas storage tank (411); Step 7: clearing the slag: after the reduction reaction is completed, the slag collecting device (314) collecting the slag liquid is displaced, and then poured out, and then the slag collecting device (314) is reset; Step 8: Perform the next round of operations according to the steps of Step 2 to Step 7, and sequentially rotate the operations; the ending and stopping phases include: Step 9. After the reaction of the vacuum reaction chamber is finished, the powder injection gun (306) is sequentially closed and lifted; the argon blowing valve, the induction furnace heating device, the vacuum suction device (409) and the dust removal device (403) are sequentially closed, a third precipitator (408), and an argon output valve (413), and the collected gas does not generate a secondary reflow; Step 10. When the pressure of the vacuum reaction chamber (303) is balanced with the atmosphere from the detecting instrument, the lifting device (311) and the translation device (312) are respectively activated to make the vacuum reaction chamber (303) and the vacuum furnace upper cover ( 309) Separation. An electric arc furnace vacuum magnesium smelting system, characterized in that the system comprises a grinding system, a preheating decomposition system, a calcining system, a secondary heating system, a vacuum reaction system, a condensation collecting system, a condensing collecting system, which are sequentially connected There is a dust collection and collection system; The grinding system comprises a crusher (101), a storage (102), a first hoist (104), a grinding head (105), a vertical mill (107), a separator (108) connected in sequence. a first precipitator (109), a second hoist (113), a first hopper (114), and a separator (108) coupled to the upper portion of the vertical mill (107) and to the first precipitator (109) ), the first row of fans (110) Connected in series with the product outlet (112), and a first induced draft fan (111) is connected to the bottom of the vertical mill (107); The preheating decomposition system includes a bucket elevator (116) connected to the first storage reservoir (114) in the grinding system by a round pipe metering reamer (115), and also includes a bucket elevator (116) in turn. The connected feed screw conveyor (117) and the four-stage preheating decomposition tower (118), the cyclone dust collector (120) and the four-stage preheating decomposition tower (118) are connected in parallel to the feed screw conveyor (117). The upper part of the cyclone (120) is connected with a blower (127), the lower end is connected with a second exhaust fan (119), and the blower (127) is provided with an exhaust chimney (128), and the outlet of the cyclone (120) a return reamer (121) is provided at the place; The calcining system comprises a rotary kiln (122) coherently connected to a four-stage preheating decomposition column (118). The rear combustion chamber of the rotary kiln (122) is provided with a gas injection gun (123) and is coupled with a blower (124). The gas used in the gas injection gun (123) is provided by a remote gas storage tank (129). The kiln end of the rotary kiln (122) is provided with a conveyor (125) for conveying materials, and one end of the conveyor (125) is connected to the third. a hoist (130), the other end device has a front air cooler (126), and the third hoist (130) is connected to the second stock storage (131); The secondary heating system includes a heating tank (134) connected to the second storage tank (131) through a "Z" shaped squeegee conveyor (133), and a hot blast stove (135) connected to the heating tank (134) The second storage tank (131) and the heating tank (134) are both connected to the second dust remover (137) through a pipe, and the heating tank (134) tail is connected to the feed valve (139) and the feed pipe (140) to Vacuum reaction system; The vacuum reaction system includes a vacuum arc furnace (301) connected to a heating tank (134) in a secondary heating system through a feed pipe (140) and a powder blowing gun (306), and placed in a vacuum electric arc furnace (301). The pre-melted silicon iron package (304) and the vacuum furnace upper cover (309) also include two or more ferrosilicon liquid packages (201), and the ferrosilicon liquid package (201) is pre-filled therein. The molten silicon iron liquid (204) and the upper electric arc furnace upper cover (203) of the ferrosilicon liquid package (201) are provided with a heating electrode device (202) and a ferrosilicon alloy feeding port (205), and the vacuum electric arc furnace (301) is composed of From the outside to the inside are the outer furnace body, the thermal insulation brick (302), the vacuum reaction chamber (303), the pre-melted silicon iron liquid package (304), and the ferrosilicon liquid (305) contained in the pre-melted silicon iron liquid package (304). The vacuum furnace upper cover (309) is disposed on the lifting device (311), and the vacuum furnace upper cover (309) is provided with an electrode heating device (310), and the vacuum arc furnace (301) is provided with a row on the slag opening Slag valve (314), vacuum arc furnace (301) and silicon A rotary moving device (313) is disposed between the molten iron packages (201), and a bottom portion of the vacuum arc furnace (301) is provided with a translating device (312), and the powder blowing gun (306) is from the side of the vacuum arc furnace (301) The wall penetrates into the ferrosilicon liquid (305), and the powder injection gun (306) communicates with the peripheral argon blowing valve (307), and passes through the conveying pipe (140) and the feeding valve (139). A check valve (308) is installed between the argon blowing valve (307) and the powder blowing gun (306); The condensate collection system includes a magnesium vapor buildup carrier (402) coupled to a vacuum furnace upper cover (309) in a vacuum reaction system via a magnesium vapor transfer cartridge (401), which in turn is coupled to a magnesium vapor buildup carrier (402). a return valve (403), a magnesium vapor condensation trapping device (404), a magnesium liquid collecting tank (405), and a third dust collector (408) connected to the dust collecting and collecting system at an upper portion of the magnesium vapor condensation trapping device (404) The third precipitator (408) is provided with a vacuum pumping device (409) and a cold water atomizer (415) at the top, and the vacuum pumping device (409) is connected to the argon gas reservoir through the argon gas purifying and trapping device (410). On the gas tank (411), a louver (416) is staggered inside the third dust remover (408). The electric arc furnace vacuum magnesium smelting system according to claim 6, wherein the discharge port of the first storage (102) in the grinding system is provided with a regulating shutter (103), and the grinding head is stable. The discharge port of the silo (105) is connected to the vertical mill (107) via an electronic belt weigher (106). The electric arc furnace vacuum magnesium smelting system according to claim 6, wherein the second storage reservoir (131) outlet is provided with a reservoir bottom regulating valve (132), and the heating tank (134) is discharged. A feed valve (139) is disposed at the mouth, a second induced draft fan (136) is connected to the heating tank (134), and a third exhaust fan (138) is connected to the second dust remover (137). The electric arc furnace vacuum magnesium smelting system according to claim 6, wherein the inlet of the argon gas storage tank (411) is provided with an intake valve, and the outlet is provided with an argon gas output valve (413), and The argon gas storage tank (411) is provided with a safety valve (412), the magnesium liquid collection tank (405) is provided with a magnesium liquid discharge port (407), and the third dust collector (408) is provided with an automatic air lock line at the bottom. Dust valve (414). An electric arc furnace vacuum magnesium smelting method, which is characterized by comprising three steps of pre-preparation, electric arc furnace vacuum magnesium smelting and ending on-off; The pre-preparation phase includes: Step 1. Prepare the reactants - magnesium ore containing powder: 1. Grinding: Firstly, the magnesia ore (dolomite) is crushed in the grinding system (101) After being crushed, it is ground by a vertical mill (107) to ensure the inspection fineness of 0.05-0.3mm, put into the first storage stock (114), 2. Preheat decomposition: the first storage stock (114) The abrasive material is lifted into the four-stage decomposition preheating tower (118) for preheating decomposition by the bucket elevator (116). 3. Calcination: the preheating decomposition material in the four-stage decomposition preheating tower (118) is slid into The rotary kiln (122) is calcined to overflow the calcium carbonate to form 40% to 46% of forged white powder containing magnesium oxide (main component is Mgo, Cao), and the forged white powder is transported to the third storage by the third hoist (130). Storage in the material storage (131), 4. Heating: The forging white powder in the third storage stock (131) is transported to the heating tank (134) through the "Z" type buried scraper conveyor (133), and is reheated. Up to 900 ° C ± 150 ° C, temporary storage for use; Step 2: Preparing a reaction solvent-premelted ferrosilicon solution: In the equipped silicon iron liquid package (201), industrial silicon and about 75% of ferrosilicon are metered according to capacity and ratio, and a heating electrode device (202) is inserted. It is melted into a ferrosilicon liquid and kept at a temperature of about 1400 ° C - 1650 ° C for use; The electric arc furnace vacuum magnesium smelting stage includes: Step 3: Vacuuming the vacuum arc furnace (301): the silicon iron liquid package (201) is suspended in a vacuum reaction chamber (303) of the vacuum arc furnace (301) by a rotary moving device (313) to start the vacuum electric arc furnace ( 301) The translation device (312) of the base is placed in position, and then the lifting device (311) of the upper cover of the vacuum furnace is activated, and the upper cover (309) of the vacuum furnace is covered to make the vacuum reaction chamber (303) and the vacuum furnace The cover (309) is completely sealed and then vacuumed by a vacuum pumping device (409) with a vacuum pressure of 20-2500 Pa; Step 4: Filling with argon gas: opening the argon blowing valve (307), backfilling the argon gas into the vacuum reaction chamber (303) after vacuuming in step three, and simultaneously turning on the electrode heating device (310) to boil the silicon ferrite and maintain the temperature. At 1400-1650 ° C, and argon is fully charged; Step 5: Adding a reactant: inserting a powder blowing gun (306) into the ferrosilicon liquid (305) from the side of the vacuum arc furnace (301), and mixing the argon gas into the ferrosilicon liquid (305) to appropriately heat the injection. After the magnesium ore powder; due to the action of argon gas blowing, the magnesium ore powder and the ferrosilicon liquid (305) are fully stirred and mixed, and the displacement reduction reaction occurs under the vacuum state and the controlled range of high temperature to generate magnesium vapor; Step 6. Cooling collection: The magnesium vapor produced in step 5 is sequentially transported through the magnesium vapor transfer cylinder (401) in the vacuum direction, the magnesium vapor buildup carrier (402) is carried, the check valve (403) is carried, and the temperature control is in the 650± In the magnesium vapor condensation trapping device (404) at 40 ° C, the magnesium liquid (or dripping) stream obtained in the magnesium vapor condensation trapping device (404) is dropped (dropped) into the magnesium liquid collecting tank (405) to be poured. Ingot or refining, argon gas used in vacuum high temperature smelting (408) after being treated by the argon gas purification and trapping device (410), flowing to the argon gas storage tank (411); Step 7: clearing the slag: after the reduction reaction is finished, discharging the slag liquid in the pre-melted ferrosilicon liquid package (304) through the slag discharge valve (314); Step 8: Perform the next round of operations according to the steps of Step 2 to Step 7, and sequentially rotate the operations; the ending and stopping phases include: Step 9. After the reaction of the vacuum reaction chamber is finished, the powder injection gun (306) is closed; the argon blowing valve, the electric arc furnace heating device, the vacuum suction device (409), and the argon purification and collection device (410) are sequentially closed. , argon output valve (413), cold water sprayer (415), and the collected gas does not produce secondary reflow; Step 10. When the pressure of the vacuum reaction chamber (303) is balanced with the atmosphere from the detecting instrument, the lifting device (311) and the translation device (312) are respectively activated to make the vacuum reaction chamber (303) and the vacuum furnace upper cover ( 309) Separate, activate the rotary moving device (313) to replace the used and pre-used ferrosilicon packages, each in its place.

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