WO2018073916A1 - 炭素-珪素複合材、負極、二次電池、炭素-珪素複合材製造方法 - Google Patents
炭素-珪素複合材、負極、二次電池、炭素-珪素複合材製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2018073916A1 WO2018073916A1 PCT/JP2016/081006 JP2016081006W WO2018073916A1 WO 2018073916 A1 WO2018073916 A1 WO 2018073916A1 JP 2016081006 W JP2016081006 W JP 2016081006W WO 2018073916 A1 WO2018073916 A1 WO 2018073916A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- composite material
- carbon
- silicon
- silicon composite
- resin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/134—Electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/364—Composites as mixtures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/05—Preparation or purification of carbon not covered by groups C01B32/15, C01B32/20, C01B32/25, C01B32/30
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/02—Silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
- C04B35/52—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbon, e.g. graphite
- C04B35/528—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbon, e.g. graphite obtained from carbonaceous particles with or without other non-organic components
- C04B35/532—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbon, e.g. graphite obtained from carbonaceous particles with or without other non-organic components containing a carbonisable binder
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C04B35/634—Polymers
- C04B35/63404—Polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B35/63416—Polyvinylalcohols [PVA]; Polyvinylacetates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/64—Burning or sintering processes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1395—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/386—Silicon or alloys based on silicon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
- H01M4/587—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/621—Binders
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
- H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/80—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/42—Non metallic elements added as constituents or additives, e.g. sulfur, phosphor, selenium or tellurium
- C04B2235/422—Carbon
- C04B2235/424—Carbon black
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/42—Non metallic elements added as constituents or additives, e.g. sulfur, phosphor, selenium or tellurium
- C04B2235/428—Silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/48—Organic compounds becoming part of a ceramic after heat treatment, e.g. carbonising phenol resins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/52—Constituents or additives characterised by their shapes
- C04B2235/5208—Fibers
- C04B2235/526—Fibers characterised by the length of the fibers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/52—Constituents or additives characterised by their shapes
- C04B2235/5208—Fibers
- C04B2235/5264—Fibers characterised by the diameter of the fibers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
- C04B2235/5418—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof
- C04B2235/5436—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof micrometer sized, i.e. from 1 to 100 micron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
- C04B2235/78—Grain sizes and shapes, product microstructures, e.g. acicular grains, equiaxed grains, platelet-structures
- C04B2235/785—Submicron sized grains, i.e. from 0,1 to 1 micron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
- C04B2235/78—Grain sizes and shapes, product microstructures, e.g. acicular grains, equiaxed grains, platelet-structures
- C04B2235/786—Micrometer sized grains, i.e. from 1 to 100 micron
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a carbon-silicon (C—Si) composite material.
- Silicon (Si) -based materials are attracting attention as negative electrode materials for lithium ion batteries.
- a composite hard carbon negative electrode material for a lithium ion battery wherein the surface of the hard carbon substrate of the composite hard carbon negative electrode material for the lithium ion battery is coated with a coating material, and the precursor of the coating material is an organic substance.
- step 2 to obtain a powder, the flow rate of nitrogen gas as 0.1 ⁇ 0.4m 3 / min, warmed to 560 ⁇ 1500 ° C.
- Step 3 for thermally decomposing for 5 to 7.5 hours to naturally cool to room temperature to obtain hard carbon
- Step 4 for obtaining hard carbon substrate having a particle size of 1 to 60 ⁇ m by ball milling or pulverizing the hard carbon
- the precursor of the coating material was added to 1 to 15% by mass of the precursor of the hard carbon substrate and mixed for 20 to 50 min at a rotational speed of 1400 to 3500 r / min, and then the flow rate of nitrogen gas was 0.1 to 0 4 m 3 / min, the temperature is raised to 500-1500 ° C.
- thermoplastic resin is at least one of acrylic resin, polyvinyl chloride, polycarbonate, epoxy resin, phenol resin and polyformaldehyde, Epoxy resin, phenol resin, carboxymethyl cellulose, pitch, ethyl methyl carbonate, polyvinyl alcohol, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyacrylonitrile, butadiene-styrene rubber, poly Vinyl chloride, polyethylene, polyethylene oxide, polypropane oxide, polyethylene succinate, polyethylene sebacate, polyethylene glycol imine, polyacetylene, polyparaphenylene, polyaniline, polypyrrole, polyacene, poly-m-phenylenediamine
- Electroconductive porous silicon and / or tin-containing carbon material characterized by containing a child and / or tin nanoparticles and / or silicon / tin nanoparticles has been proposed (Japanese Patent Publication No. 2011-527982: Patent Document 2). .
- Patent Document 1 when the thermoplastic resin is heated, the shape collapses and cannot be recovered. For this reason, it is necessary to add a curing agent and cure it once. The process is complicated. Furthermore, a catalyst for activating the hard carbon substrate to form a porous body is necessary for its production method. For this reason, Si content does not become high and preparation of a high capacity
- the first problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a carbon-silicon composite material having a high Si content and suitable as a negative electrode material (high capacity and small irreversible capacity).
- the second problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a carbon-silicon composite material having a long cycle life.
- the present invention Carbon black, Comprising silicon particles, A carbon-silicon composite material is proposed in which the carbon black and the silicon particles are bonded via a resin thermal decomposition product.
- the present invention is the carbon-silicon composite material, A carbon-silicon composite material is proposed in which the primary particle size of the carbon black is 21 to 69 nm.
- the present invention is the carbon-silicon composite material, A carbon-silicon composite material is proposed in which the silicon particles have a particle size of 0.05 to 3 ⁇ m.
- the present invention is the carbon-silicon composite material
- a carbon-silicon composite material is proposed in which a resin pyrolyzate is present on the surface of the silicon particles.
- the present invention is the carbon-silicon composite material
- a carbon-silicon composite material is proposed in which the silicon particles are covered with a resin pyrolyzate.
- the present invention A carbon-silicon composite material is proposed in which a resin pyrolyzate is present on the surface of silicon particles having a particle size of 0.05 to 3 ⁇ m.
- the present invention A carbon-silicon composite material characterized in that silicon particles having a particle size of 0.05 to 3 ⁇ m (particle size) are covered with a thermally decomposed resin is proposed.
- the present invention is the carbon-silicon composite material
- a carbon-silicon composite material is proposed in which the silicon content is 20 to 96% by mass.
- the present invention is the carbon-silicon composite material, A carbon-silicon composite material having a carbon content of 4 to 80% by mass is proposed.
- the present invention is the carbon-silicon composite material
- a carbon-silicon composite material is proposed in which the carbon-silicon composite material is particles having a diameter of 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m.
- the present invention is the carbon-silicon composite material
- the carbon-silicon composite material is proposed as a carbon-silicon composite material characterized by being a fiber having a fiber diameter of 0.5 ⁇ m to 6.5 ⁇ m and a fiber length of 5 ⁇ m to 65 ⁇ m.
- the present invention is the carbon-silicon composite material, A carbon-silicon composite material is proposed in which the resin is a thermoplastic resin.
- the present invention is the carbon-silicon composite material
- a carbon-silicon composite material is proposed in which the resin contains polyvinyl alcohol.
- the present invention is the carbon-silicon composite material
- a carbon-silicon composite material is proposed in which the main component of the resin is polyvinyl alcohol.
- the present invention is the carbon-silicon composite material, We propose a carbon-silicon composite material that is a negative electrode material for batteries.
- the present invention proposes a negative electrode comprising the carbon-silicon composite material.
- the present invention proposes a secondary battery comprising the negative electrode.
- the present invention A method for producing a carbon-silicon composite material comprising a dispersion preparation step, a solvent removal step, and a modification step
- the dispersion preparation step is a step in which a dispersion containing resin, carbon black, silicon, and a solvent is prepared
- the solvent removal step is a step in which the solvent is removed from the dispersion
- the carbon-silicon composite material production method is proposed, wherein the modification step is a step in which the carbon-silicon composite material precursor obtained in the solvent removal step is modified into a carbon-silicon composite material.
- the present invention A method for producing a carbon-silicon composite material comprising a dispersion preparation step, a solvent removal step, and a modification step
- the dispersion preparation step is a step in which a dispersion containing resin, silicon (particle size 0.05 to 3 ⁇ m), and a solvent is prepared.
- the solvent removal step is a step in which the solvent is removed from the dispersion.
- the carbon-silicon composite material production method is proposed, wherein the modification step is a step in which the carbon-silicon composite material precursor obtained in the solvent removal step is modified into a carbon-silicon composite material.
- the present invention provides the carbon-silicon composite material manufacturing method, A carbon-silicon composite material manufacturing method is proposed, wherein the resin is a thermoplastic resin.
- the present invention provides the carbon-silicon composite material manufacturing method, A carbon-silicon composite material manufacturing method is proposed in which the resin contains polyvinyl alcohol.
- the present invention provides the carbon-silicon composite material manufacturing method, A method for producing a carbon-silicon composite material is proposed in which the main component of the resin is polyvinyl alcohol.
- the present invention proposes a method for producing a carbon-silicon composite material, which is a method for producing the carbon-silicon composite material.
- a C—Si composite material suitable as a battery negative electrode material (eg, high capacity, small irreversible capacity, long cycle life) can be obtained.
- the first invention is a carbon-silicon (C-Si) composite material.
- the composite material includes carbon black (CB).
- the composite material has silicon (Si) particles.
- the CB and the Si particles are bonded via a resin thermal decomposition product. Thereby, even when Si particles were deformed by charge / discharge, the conductivity of the composite material could be secured. Cycle characteristics improved. Since it has carbon black, the cycle characteristics are improved. Improved conductivity.
- the carbon black preferably had a primary particle size (particle size of CB particles in a dispersed state) of 21 to 69 nm. More preferably, it was less than 69 nm. More preferably, it was 60 nm or less. More preferably, it was 55 nm or less.
- the primary particle size (average primary particle size) is determined by, for example, a transmission electron microscope (TEM). It is also determined by a specific surface area measurement method (gas adsorption method). It can also be determined by X-ray scattering. The value of the primary particle size (average primary particle size) is a value obtained by TEM.
- the Si particles preferably had a particle size of 0.05 to 3 ⁇ m. More preferably, it was 0.1 ⁇ m or more. More preferably, it was 0.2 ⁇ m or more. More preferably, it was 0.25 ⁇ m or more. Most preferably, it was 0.3 micrometer or more. More preferably, it was 2.5 ⁇ m or less.
- the initial coulomb efficiency tended to decrease. When it was too small, the cycle characteristics tended to deteriorate. The initial coulomb efficiency tended to decrease.
- the size was determined by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS: “Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy).
- EDS Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy
- the electron beam was manipulated by paying attention to the characteristic X-ray of Si (1.739 eV).
- X-ray mapping of silicon was performed.
- the size of the Si particles was determined from the obtained image.
- a resin decomposition product (thermal decomposition product) is preferably present on the surface of the Si particles. More preferably, the Si particles are covered with the decomposition product. Full coverage is preferred. However, it may be substantially covered. If the features of the present invention are not significantly impaired, a part of the Si particles may not be covered.
- the Si particles are covered with the decomposition product, the Si particles (surface) are difficult to come into contact with the electrolytic solution of the lithium ion secondary battery. For this reason, a side reaction hardly occurs between the Si particles (surface) and the electrolytic solution. As a result, the irreversible capacity decreases.
- a resin decomposition product is present on the surface of Si particles (particle size: 0.05 to 3 ⁇ m).
- the Si particles are covered with the decomposition product. Full coverage is preferred. However, it may be substantially covered. If the features of the present invention are not impaired, part of the Si particles may not be covered. The reason for this requirement is described above.
- the C—Si composite material preferably had a Si content of 20 to 96% by mass. More preferably, it was 40 mass% or more. More preferably, it was 95 mass% or less. When the amount of Si was too small, the capacity as the active material was reduced. When the amount of Si was too large, the conductivity decreased. Cycle characteristics deteriorated.
- the C—Si composite material preferably had a carbon content of 4 to 80% by mass. More preferably, it was 5 mass% or more. More preferably, it was 7 mass% or more. More preferably, it was 10 mass% or more. More preferably, it was 60 mass% or less. When the carbon content was too low, the cycle characteristics deteriorated.
- the Si content was determined by C-Si analysis. That is, the C—Si composite material having a known mass was burned in the C—Si analyzer. The amount of C was quantified by infrared measurement. The amount of C was subtracted. Thereby, Si content was calculated
- the C-Si composite material may contain impurities. It does not exclude components other than C and Si components.
- the composite material is preferably substantially spherical when the packing density of the electrode is important.
- a substantially fibrous one is preferable.
- the granular (substantially spherical) particles were preferably 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m (diameter) particles. When it was smaller than 1 ⁇ m, the specific surface area was large, and the side reaction with the electrolytic solution was relatively increased. Irreversible capacity increased. If it is larger than 20 ⁇ m, it is difficult to handle at the time of electrode preparation. More preferably, it was 2 ⁇ m or more. More preferably, it was 5 ⁇ m or more. More preferably, it was 15 ⁇ m or less. More preferably, it was 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the shape may not be a perfect sphere. For example, the irregular shape shown in FIG. 9 may be used.
- the diameter is determined by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). It is also determined by the laser scattering method. The above values are values obtained by SEM.
- the fibrous (substantially fibrous) fibers were preferably fibers having a fiber diameter of 0.5 ⁇ m to 6.5 ⁇ m and a fiber length of 5 ⁇ m to 65 ⁇ m.
- the diameter was determined from an SEM photograph of the composite material.
- Ten fibrous composite materials were randomly extracted from the SEM photograph of the composite material, and the average diameter was obtained. When the number of the fibrous composite materials was less than 10 (N), the average diameter was determined from the N composite materials. The said length was calculated
- the composite material preferably has a specific surface area of 5 to 50 m 2 / g. More preferably, it was 8 m 2 / g or more. More preferably, it was 35 m 2 / g or less.
- a specific surface area of 5 to 50 m 2 / g. More preferably, it was 8 m 2 / g or more. More preferably, it was 35 m 2 / g or less.
- the resin was preferably a thermoplastic resin.
- the thermoplastic resin include polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), cellulose resin (carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), etc.), polyolefin (polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), etc.), ester resin (polyethylene terephthalate). (PET) etc.), acrylic (methacrylic) resin and the like.
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- PVB polyvinyl butyral
- CMC carboxymethyl cellulose
- PET polypropylene
- acrylic (methacrylic) resin etc.
- the resin was preferably a water-soluble resin.
- a preferred resin was a polyvinyl alcohol resin.
- the most preferred resin was PVA.
- the resin includes a case where the main component is PVA.
- PVA is the main component means “PVA amount / total resin amount ⁇ 50 wt%”. Preferably it is 60 wt% or more, More preferably, it is 70 wt% or more, More preferably, it is 80 wt% or more, Most preferably, it is 90 wt% or more.
- the reason why PVA was most preferred was as follows. The decomposition product (thermal decomposition product) of PVA hardly caused a side reaction with the electrolyte solution of the lithium ion secondary battery. For this reason, the irreversible capacity decreases.
- PVA tends to become water and carbon dioxide during thermal decomposition. There is little residual carbide. As a result, the Si content in the C—Si composite material does not decrease. For example, when polyethylene glycol (molecular weight 20,000, manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was used, there were more residual carbides during modification (heating) than when PVA was used. As a result, the Si content decreased. And the irreversible capacity was large. For example, the initial coulomb efficiency was low (43%). The cycle characteristics were low (32%).
- the PVA preferably has an average molecular weight (degree of polymerization) of 2200 to 4000. More preferably, it was 3000 or less.
- the degree of polymerization was determined according to JIS K 6726. For example, 1 part PVA was dissolved in 100 parts water. The viscosity (30 ° C.) was determined with an Ostwald viscometer (relative viscometer). The degree of polymerization (P A ) was determined from the following formulas (1) to (3).
- the PVA preferably had a saponification degree of 75 to 90 mol%. More preferably, it was 80 mol% or more.
- the degree of saponification was determined according to JIS K 6726. For example, depending on the estimated degree of saponification, 1 to 3 parts of sample, 100 parts of water and 3 drops of phenolphthalein solution were added and completely dissolved. 25 ml of 0.5 mol / L NaOH aqueous solution was added and left for 2 hours after stirring. 25 ml of 0.5 mol / L HCl aqueous solution was added. Titration was performed with a 0.5 mol / L aqueous NaOH solution.
- the saponification degree (H) was determined from the following formulas (1) to (3).
- the C—Si composite material that does not have the above characteristics may be included in the composite material.
- (volume of C-Si composite having the characteristics of the present invention) / (volume of C-Si composite having the characteristics of the present invention + volume of C-Si composite having no characteristics of the present invention) If the amount) ⁇ 0.5, the features of the present invention were not significantly impaired.
- the ratio is 0.6 or more. More preferably, the ratio is 0.7 or more. More preferably, the ratio is 0.8 or more. More preferably, the ratio is 0.9 or more.
- the volume ratio is determined by a method such as electron microscope observation. From this viewpoint, it can be said that the diameter is an “average diameter”. It can be said that the length is an “average length”. It can be said that the particle diameter is “average particle diameter”.
- the composite material is, for example, a negative electrode material of a battery.
- the second invention is a negative electrode.
- it is a negative electrode of a secondary battery.
- the negative electrode is formed using the composite material.
- the third invention is a secondary battery.
- the secondary battery includes the negative electrode.
- the fourth invention is a method for producing a carbon-silicon composite material.
- the manufacturing method includes a dispersion preparing step.
- the manufacturing method includes a solvent removal step.
- the manufacturing method includes a modification step.
- An example of the dispersion preparation process is a process in which a dispersion containing a resin, carbon black, silicon, and a solvent is prepared.
- Another example of the dispersion preparation step is a step of preparing a dispersion containing resin, silicon (particle size 0.05 to 3 ⁇ m), and a solvent.
- the solvent removal step is a step in which the solvent is removed from the dispersion. As a result, a C—Si composite material precursor is obtained.
- the modification step is a step of modifying the C—Si composite material precursor into a C—Si composite material.
- the manufacturing method preferably further comprises a crushing step.
- a classification step is further provided.
- a centrifugal spinning method for example, a centrifugal spinning method (see FIGS. 1 and 2), a stretch spinning method (see FIG. 3), an electrostatic spinning method, a gel-solidified spinning method, or the like is employed.
- a method of obtaining a fibrous C—Si composite precursor by spinning the dispersion a method of obtaining a film C—Si composite precursor by coating and drying the dispersion on a substrate, and the dispersion Examples thereof include a method in which a spherical C—Si composite material precursor is obtained by dropping in a solvent that is compatible with the solvent and in which PVA does not dissolve.
- a nonwoven fabric is obtained.
- the stretch spinning method for example, a yarn (or fiber (long fiber)) is obtained.
- a fiber material for example, non-woven fabric, yarn, or filament (monofilament or multifilament) is obtained by the spinning.
- the fiber of the fiber material is a C—Si composite material precursor.
- the preferred spinning method was the stretch spinning method (particularly preferably, the stretch ratio was 2 to 50 times).
- Another preferred spinning method was the centrifugal spinning method (particularly preferably, the number of revolutions of the disc was 1000 to 100,000 rpm).
- the modification step is a step in which the C-Si composite material precursor is modified into a C-Si composite material.
- This process is basically a heating process.
- the composite material precursor is heated to 50 to 3000 ° C., for example.
- it was 100 degreeC or more. More preferably, it was 500 degreeC or more.
- it was 1500 degrees C or less. More preferably, it was 1000 degrees C or less. Since PVA has a lower thermal decomposition temperature than its melting point, it can be modified while maintaining the shape of the composite precursor.
- the crushing step is a step in which the composite material is crushed.
- the composite material is a non-woven fabric
- the non-woven fabric is unwound and becomes a fiber itself by the crushing step. Of course, some are intertwined.
- the yarn is also unwound.
- Long fibers are cut. Long fibers become short fibers.
- the sheet becomes particulate. In the case of particles, the particles become smaller.
- the crushing step is, for example, a crushing step. For example, it is a process of being hit. For example, a cutting process. For example, it is cut.
- the classification step is a step of obtaining a C—Si composite material having a predetermined size.
- the classification process is, for example, a sieving process.
- an air classification process for example, an air classification process.
- the resin, the carbon black, and the Si particles are as described above.
- the concentration of the resin (for example, PVA) in the dispersion was preferably 50 to 200 g / L. More preferably, it was 60 g / L or more. More preferably, it was 150 g / L or less.
- the concentration of CB in the dispersion was preferably 1 to 100 g / L. More preferably, it was 2 g / L or more. More preferably, it was 20 g / L or less.
- the CB was preferably 1 to 60 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the PVA. More preferably, it was 2 parts by mass or more. More preferably, it was 50 parts by mass or less.
- the concentration of the Si particles was preferably 10 to 100 g / L. More preferably, it was 30 g / L or more. More preferably, it was 90 g / L or less.
- the viscosity of the dispersion was preferably 10 to 10,000 mPa ⁇ S.
- the viscosity is a viscosity measured by a coaxial double cylinder viscometer.
- the dispersion preferably had a solid content concentration of 0.1 to 50% by mass.
- the dispersion includes, for example, a resin, silicon, and a solvent. Particularly preferably, it further contains carbon black.
- the resin will be described as an example of PVA.
- Other resins also conform to PVA.
- the PVA preferably had a degree of polymerization of 2200 to 4000 from the viewpoint of spinnability. More preferably, it was 3000 or less. Preferably, the saponification degree was 75 to 90 mol%. More preferably, it was 80 mol% or more.
- the degree of polymerization was too small, the yarn was easily broken during spinning. If the degree of polymerization was too large, spinning was difficult. When the degree of saponification was too low, it was difficult to dissolve in water and spinning was difficult. When the degree of saponification was too large, the viscosity was high and spinning was difficult.
- the dispersion liquid may be a vinyl resin (for example, polyvinyl alcohol copolymer, polyvinyl butyral (PVB), etc.), polyethylene oxide (PEO), acrylic resin (for example, polyacrylic acid (PAA), polymethyl methacrylate, if necessary.
- a vinyl resin for example, polyvinyl alcohol copolymer, polyvinyl butyral (PVB), etc.
- PEO polyethylene oxide
- acrylic resin for example, polyacrylic acid (PAA), polymethyl methacrylate, if necessary.
- PMMA polyacrylonitrile
- PAN polyacrylonitrile
- PVDF polyvinylidene difluoride
- polymers derived from natural products eg, cellulose resin, cellulose resin derivatives (polylactic acid, chitosan, carboxymethyl cellulose) (CMC), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), etc.), engineering plastic resin (polyethersulfone (PES), etc.), polyurethane resin (PU), polyamide resin (nylon), aromatic polyamide resin (aramid resin), Riesuteru resins, polystyrene resins, one or may contain two or more selected from the group of polycarbonate resin. The amount is in a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention.
- the dispersion particularly preferably contains CB having a primary particle size (average primary particle size) of 21 nm to 69 nm.
- CB having a primary particle size of less than 21 nm is used, the specific surface area of the obtained carbon fiber increases. However, the bulk density decreased. The solid content concentration of the dispersion was not high, and handling was difficult.
- CB having a primary particle size exceeding 69 nm was used, the specific surface area of the obtained carbon fiber was reduced. Contact resistance was high.
- the primary particle size of the CB particles was too large, the cycle characteristics tended to deteriorate.
- the primary particle size of the CB particles was too small, the cycle characteristics tended to deteriorate.
- the solvent is water, alcohol (eg, methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, isobutyl alcohol, amyl alcohol, isoamyl alcohol, cyclohexanol, etc.), ester (eg, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, etc.), ether (eg, diethyl ether).
- alcohol eg, methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, isobutyl alcohol, amyl alcohol, isoamyl alcohol, cyclohexanol, etc.
- ester eg, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, etc.
- ether eg, diethyl ether
- aprotic polar solvents eg, N, N′-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, acetonitrile, dimethylacetamide, etc.
- halogenated hydrocarbons One type or two or more types selected from the group of acids (for example, chloroform, tetrachloromethane, hexafluoroisopropyl alcohol, etc.) and acids (acetic acid, formic acid, etc.) are used. From the environmental aspect, water or alcohol was preferable. Particularly preferred was water.
- the dispersion contains the Si particles.
- the Si particles metal silicon particles
- the term “substantially” means that impurities contained in the process and cases where impurities are contained due to oxidation of the particle surface during storage are included.
- the particle of the present invention is not limited as long as it contains Si alone.
- the particle surface may be coated with other components.
- a structure in which Si alone is dispersed in particles made of other components may be used.
- particles in which Si particles are coated with carbon are exemplified. Examples are particles in which Si particles are dispersed in SiO 2 .
- the particle diameter of the composite particles may be within the above range.
- Whether the Si component contained in the carbon fiber is a simple substance or a compound can be determined by a known measurement method such as X-ray diffraction measurement (XRD).
- the dispersion may contain carbon nanotubes (for example, single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNT), multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWNT), a mixture thereof) or the like as necessary from the viewpoint of strength and conductivity. good.
- carbon nanotubes for example, single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNT), multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWNT), a mixture thereof) or the like as necessary from the viewpoint of strength and conductivity. good.
- the dispersion contains a dispersant as necessary.
- the dispersant is, for example, a surfactant.
- the surfactant may be a low molecular weight one or a high molecular weight one.
- the PVA (resin) and the Si are preferably in the following ratio. When there is too much said PVA, content of Si will fall. On the other hand, if the amount of the PVA is too small, the solvent removal step such as spinning and coating becomes difficult. Accordingly, the Si content is preferably 5 to 200 parts by mass (more preferably 10 to 100 parts by mass) with respect to 100 parts by mass of the PVA.
- the concentration of the solid content (components other than the solvent) in the dispersion was too high, the solvent removal step such as spinning was difficult. Conversely, even if the concentration is too low, the solvent removal step such as spinning is difficult.
- the concentration of the solid content is 0.1 to 50% by mass (more preferably 1 to 30% by mass, still more preferably 5 to 20% by mass). If the viscosity of the dispersion is too high, for example, when spinning is used in the solvent removal step, it is difficult to discharge the dispersion from the nozzle during spinning. On the other hand, if the viscosity is too low, spinning was difficult.
- the viscosity of the dispersion (viscosity during spinning: the viscometer is a coaxial double cylindrical viscometer) is preferably 10 to 10000 mPa ⁇ S (more preferably 50 to 5000 mPa ⁇ S, more preferably 500 to 5000 mPa ⁇ S).
- the dispersion preparation process includes, for example, a mixing process and a miniaturization process.
- the mixing step is a step in which the PVA and the Si (and CB) are mixed.
- the miniaturization step is a step in which the Si (and CB) is miniaturized.
- the miniaturization step is a step in which a shearing force is applied to the Si (and CB). Thereby, in the case of CB, secondary aggregation is solved. Either the mixing process or the miniaturization process may be performed first. It may be done at the same time.
- both the PVA and the Si (and CB) are powder, one is a powder and the other is a solution (dispersion), and both are solutions (dispersion). There is. From the viewpoint of operability, it is preferable that both the PVA and the Si (and CB) are solutions (dispersions).
- a medialess bead mill is used.
- a bead mill is used.
- an ultrasonic irradiator is used.
- a medialess bead mill is preferably used.
- a bead mill is preferably used.
- an ultrasonic irradiator is preferably used. In the present invention, since it is important to control the particle size of Si (and CB), a bead mill was used.
- the solvent removal step is a step in which the solvent is removed from the dispersion.
- the step of obtaining a fibrous composite precursor (carbon silicon composite fiber precursor) in the solvent removal step is called a spinning step.
- the centrifugal spinning apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 was used in the spinning process.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a centrifugal spinning apparatus.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the centrifugal spinning apparatus.
- reference numeral 1 denotes a rotating body (disk).
- the disk 1 is a hollow body.
- a nozzle (or hole) is provided on the wall surface of the disk 1.
- An inside (hollow part) 2 (not shown) of the disk 1 is filled with the spinning dope.
- the disk 1 is rotated at a high speed.
- the spinning dope is stretched by centrifugal force.
- the solvent is deposited on the collecting plate 3 while volatilizing.
- the nonwoven fabric 4 is formed by this deposition.
- the centrifugal spinning device may have a heating device for the disk 1. You may have a spinning solution continuous supply apparatus.
- the centrifugal spinning device is not limited to that shown in FIGS.
- the disk 1 may be a vertical type. Or the disk 1 may be fixed to the upper part.
- the disk 1 may be a bell type disk or a pin type disk used in a known spray drying apparatus.
- the collection plate 3 may be a continuous type instead of a batch type.
- the collection plate 3 may be an inverted conical cylinder used in a known spray drying apparatus. Heating the entire solvent evaporation space is preferred because the solvent dries quickly.
- the rotational speed (angular speed) of the disk 1 was preferably 1,000 to 100,000 rpm. More preferably, it was 5,000 to 50,000 rpm.
- the burden on the device has increased. Therefore, preferably, it was set to 100,000 rpm or less.
- the distance between the disk 1 and the collection plate 3 is too short, the solvent is difficult to evaporate. Conversely, if it is too long, the device will be larger than necessary.
- the preferred distance also depends on the size of the device. When the diameter of the disk was 10 cm, the distance between the disk 1 and the collecting plate 3 was, for example, 20 cm to 3 m.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a dry drawing spinning apparatus. Although a dry stretch spinning device is used, a wet stretch spinning device may be used.
- the dry stretch spinning method is a method in which solidification is performed in air.
- the wet stretch spinning method is a method performed in a solvent in which polyvinyl alcohol does not dissolve. Either method can be used.
- reference numeral 11 denotes a tank (a tank for a dispersion liquid (including polyvinyl alcohol, carbon black (primary particle size is 21 to 69 nm), and a solvent)).
- Reference numeral 12 denotes a spinning nozzle. The dispersion liquid in the tank 11 is spun through the spinning nozzle 12.
- the solvent is evaporated by the heated air 13. It is wound up as a thread 14.
- a solvent that does not dissolve polyvinyl alcohol is used instead of heated air. If the draw ratio is too large, the yarn will break. If the draw ratio is too small, the fiber diameter does not become thin.
- a preferred draw ratio was 2 to 50 times. More preferably 3 times or more. 20 times or less is more preferable.
- the stretch spinning method and the centrifugal spinning method were able to use a liquid having a higher viscosity (a dispersion having a higher solid content concentration) than the electrostatic spinning method. Centrifugal spinning is less susceptible to humidity (temperature) than electrostatic spinning. Stable spinning was possible for a long time.
- the stretch spinning method and the centrifugal spinning method have high productivity.
- the centrifugal spinning method is a spinning method using centrifugal force. Therefore, the draw ratio during spinning is high. It was imagined for this reason, but the degree of orientation of the carbon particles in the fiber was high. High conductivity.
- the obtained carbon fiber had a small diameter. There was little variation in fiber diameter. There was little contamination of metal powder. In the case of the nonwoven fabric, the surface area was large.
- the fiber material obtained in this step is composed of a composite material precursor.
- the precursor is a mixture of PVA and Si particles (preferably further containing CB).
- a plurality of the nonwoven fabrics may be laminated.
- the laminated nonwoven fabric may be compressed with a roll or the like. The film thickness and density are appropriately adjusted by the compression.
- the yarn (filament) may be wound around a bobbin.
- Nonwoven fabric (made of fiber precursor) is peeled off from the collector and handled. Alternatively, the nonwoven fabric is handled while adhering to the collector. Or the produced nonwoven fabric may be wound up with a stick
- a gel solidification spinning method can be adopted in addition to the centrifugal spinning method, the stretch spinning method, and the electrostatic spinning method.
- the dispersion is applied to a substrate such as a polyester film or a release paper with a bar coater, die coater, kiss coater, roll coater, etc. and dried to form a film-form C-Si composite precursor.
- a method of obtaining a spherical C—Si composite material precursor by dripping and solidifying the dispersion in a solvent having good compatibility with the solvent and not dissolving PVA.
- the modification step is a step in which the composite material precursor is modified into a C—Si composite material.
- This process is basically a heating process.
- the composite material precursor is heated to 50 to 3000 ° C., for example. More preferably, it was 100 degreeC or more. More preferably, it was 500 degreeC or more. More preferably, it was 1500 degrees C or less. More preferably, it was 1000 degrees C or less.
- the thermal decomposition temperature of PVA is lower than the melting point. For this reason, the shape of the precursor is maintained even by heat treatment.
- Step IV This step is a step of reducing the size of the composite material obtained in the above step.
- This step is a step in which, for example, the composite material precursor (composite material) obtained in Step II (or Step III) is pulverized. A smaller composite precursor (composite) is obtained by the grinding. The fiber material is also unwound by hitting the fiber material. That is, a fiber is obtained.
- a cutter mill for example, a cutter mill, a hammer mill, a pin mill, a ball mill, or a jet mill is used. Either a wet method or a dry method can be employed. However, when used for applications such as non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries, it is preferable to employ a dry method.
- a medialess mill When a medialess mill is used, the fibers are prevented from being crushed. Therefore, it is preferable to use a medialess mill.
- a cutter mill or an air jet mill is preferable.
- This step is a step in which fibers of a desired size are selected from the fibers obtained in the step IV.
- a composite material that has passed through a sieve aperture 20 to 300 ⁇ m
- the proportion of the composite material that is not used increases. This causes an increase in cost.
- a sieve with a large opening is used, the proportion of the composite material used increases.
- a method equivalent to a sieve may be used. For example, airflow classification (cyclone classification) may be used.
- the composite material is used for a member of an electric element (an electronic element is also included in the electric element). For example, it is used as an active material for a lithium ion battery negative electrode. Used as an active material for a lithium ion capacitor negative electrode.
- a lithium ion battery is composed of various members (for example, a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, and an electrolytic solution).
- the positive electrode (or negative electrode) is configured as follows. A mixture containing an active material (a positive electrode active material or a negative electrode active material), a conductive agent, a binder, and the like is stacked on a current collector (eg, an aluminum foil or a copper foil). Thereby, a positive electrode (or negative electrode) is obtained.
- the composite material of the present invention may be used alone as a negative electrode active material, or may be used in combination with a known negative electrode active material.
- (amount of the composite material) / (total amount of active material) is preferably 3 to 50% by mass. More preferably, it was 5 mass% or more. More preferably, it was 10 mass% or more. More preferably, it was 30 mass% or less. More preferably, it was 20 mass% or less.
- Known negative electrode active materials include, for example, non-graphitizable carbon, graphitizable carbon, graphite, pyrolytic carbons, cokes, glassy carbons, organic polymer compound fired bodies, carbon fibers, or activated carbon. It is done.
- alloy-based negative electrode active materials Metal elements that can form an alloy with lithium, alloys and compounds, and those containing at least one of the group consisting of simple elements, alloys and compounds of metalloid elements that can form alloys with lithium are also used ( These are hereinafter referred to as alloy-based negative electrode active materials).
- metal element examples include tin (Sn), lead (Pb), aluminum, indium (In), silicon (Si), zinc (Zn), antimony (Sb), bismuth (Bi), and cadmium. (Cd), magnesium (Mg), boron (B), gallium (Ga), germanium (Ge), arsenic (As), silver (Ag), zirconium (Zr), yttrium (Y) or hafnium (Hf). It is done.
- the compound include LiAl, AlSb, CuMgSb, SiB 4 , SiB 6 , Mg 2 Si, Mg 2 Sn, Ni 2 Si, TiSi 2 , MoSi 2 , CoSi 2 , NiSi 2 , CaSi 2 , CrSi 2 , Cu 5 Si, FeSi 2 , MnSi 2 , NbSi 2 , TaSi 2 , VSi 2 , WSi 2 , ZnSi 2 , SiC, Si 3 N 4 , Si 2 N 2 O, SiO V (0 ⁇ v ⁇ 2), SnO w (0 ⁇ w ⁇ 2), SnSiO 3 , LiSiO, LiSnO and the like.
- Lithium titanium composite oxides spinel type, ramsterite type, etc. are also preferable.
- the positive electrode active material may be any material that can occlude and release lithium ions.
- Preferable examples include lithium-containing composite metal oxides and olivine type lithium phosphate.
- the lithium-containing composite metal oxide is a metal oxide containing lithium and a transition metal.
- the transition metal element contains at least one or more members selected from the group consisting of cobalt, nickel, manganese, and iron.
- Li x Fe 1-y M y PO 4 M is, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn , Al, Sn, B, Ga, Cr, V, Ti, Mg, Ca, It is at least one element selected from the group of Sr.
- a compound represented by 0.9 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.2, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.3) (lithium iron phosphate) can also be used. .
- LiFePO 4 is suitable.
- lithium thiolate examples include compounds represented by the general formula XSRS— (SRS) n—SRSXX ′ described in European Patent No. 415856. Used.
- lithium ions such as lithium foil are preferable as the counter electrode because these active materials themselves do not contain lithium ions.
- the separator is composed of a porous membrane. Two or more porous films may be laminated.
- the porous membrane include a porous membrane made of a synthetic resin (for example, polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene, etc.).
- a ceramic porous membrane may be used.
- the electrolytic solution contains a nonaqueous solvent and an electrolyte salt.
- Nonaqueous solvents include, for example, cyclic carbonates (propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, etc.), chain esters (diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, ethylmethyl carbonate, etc.), ethers ( ⁇ -butyrolactone, sulfolane, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, dimethoxyethane, etc. Etc.). These may be used alone or as a mixture (two or more). Carbonic acid esters are preferred from the viewpoint of oxidation stability.
- the electrolyte salt for example LiBF 4, LiClO 4, LiPF 6 , LiSbF 6, LiAsF 6, LiAlCl 4, LiCF 3 SO 3, LiCF 3 CO 2, LiSCN, lower aliphatic lithium carboxylate, LiBCl, LiB 10 Cl 10, halogen Lithium bromide (LiCl, LiBr, LiI, etc.), borate salts (bis (1,2-benzenediolate (2-)-O, O ′) lithium borate, bis (2,3-naphthalenedioleate (2- ) -O, O ') lithium borate, bis (2,2'-biphenyldiolate (2-)-O, O') lithium borate, bis (5-fluoro-2-olate-1-benzenesulfonic acid) -O, O ') lithium borate), imidates (LiN (CF 3 SO 2) 2, LiN (CF 3 SO 2) (C 4 F 9 SO ), Etc.).
- Lithium salts such as
- a gel electrolyte in which an electrolytic solution is held in a polymer compound may be used.
- the polymer compound include polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene fluoride, a copolymer of polyvinylidene fluoride and polyhexafluoropropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyhexafluoropropylene, polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, polyphosphazene, and polysiloxane.
- Examples of the conductive agent include graphite (natural graphite, artificial graphite, etc.), carbon black (acetylene black, ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, thermal black, etc.), conductive fiber (carbon fiber, metal fiber), Metal (Al and the like) powder, conductive whiskers (such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate), conductive metal oxides (such as titanium oxide), organic conductive materials (such as phenylene derivatives), and carbon fluoride.
- graphite natural graphite, artificial graphite, etc.
- carbon black acetylene black, ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, thermal black, etc.
- conductive fiber carbon fiber, metal fiber
- Metal (Al and the like) powder Metal (Al and the like) powder
- conductive whiskers such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate
- conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide
- organic conductive materials such as phenylene derivatives
- binder examples include polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, aramid resin, polyamide, polyimide, polyamideimide, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylic acid, polymethyl acrylate, polyethyl acrylate, and polyhexyl hexyl.
- Example 1 60 parts by mass of PVA (trade name: Poval 224: degree of saponification 88 mol%, degree of polymerization 2400: manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.), 5 parts by mass of carbon black (primary particle size 35 nm, iron content 1 ppm), metal Si (average particle size 0.4 ⁇ m) 35 parts by mass, manufactured by Kinsei Matec Co., Ltd.) and 500 parts by mass of water were mixed in a bead mill. A carbon black / metal Si dispersion (PVA dissolved) was obtained.
- PVA trade name: Poval 224: degree of saponification 88 mol%, degree of polymerization 2400: manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.
- carbon black primary particle size 35 nm, iron content 1 ppm
- metal Si average particle size 0.4 ⁇ m
- a centrifugal spinning device (see FIGS. 1 and 2; distance between nozzle and collector; 20 cm, disk rotation speed: 10,000 rpm) was used. The dispersion was used, and spinning (dehydration) was performed by the centrifugal spinning device. A non-woven fabric (C—Si composite precursor) was produced on the collection plate.
- the obtained nonwoven fabric was heated (800 ° C., 1 hour, in a reducing atmosphere).
- the obtained non-woven fabric (C-Si composite material) was processed with a mixer. This disintegrated. That is, a fibrous C—Si composite material was obtained.
- the obtained fibrous C-Si composite was classified.
- a sieve (aperture: 75 ⁇ m) was used.
- the obtained fibrous C-Si composite material was measured with a scanning electron microscope (VHX-D500, manufactured by Keyence Corporation). The result is shown in FIG.
- the C—Si composite material obtained in this example was fibrous (diameter: 2 ⁇ m, length: 40 ⁇ m, the larger fiber in the center of FIG. 4).
- the obtained fibrous C-Si composite was measured with a transmission electron microscope (JEM-ARM200F, manufactured by JEOL Ltd.).
- the electron micrographs are shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, and the Si mapping diagram is shown in FIG. 5 and 6 are photographs of a part of the fiber.
- Carbon black having a primary particle size of 35 nm was confirmed (see FIG. 6).
- Si particles having an average particle diameter of 0.4 ⁇ m were confirmed (see FIG. 7).
- the part close to the rhombus enclosed by the dotted line is the Si particle part.
- a portion close to a sphere surrounded by a solid line is a portion of CB.
- a portion that is neither a rhombus nor a sphere indicated by an arrow is a portion of the PVA pyrolyzate. It was confirmed that the Si particles and CB were bonded via the PVA thermal decomposition product. It was confirmed that the Si particle surface was covered with the PVA pyrolyzate.
- Carbon / silicon analysis apparatus (EMIA-920V2 manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.) was used, and carbon / silicon analysis was performed.
- the carbon component was 35% by mass.
- the silicon component is 65% by mass.
- the specific surface area (BET method, BELSORP-max-N-VP, manufactured by Nippon Bell Co., Ltd.) was 12 m 2 / g.
- the coin cell was charged / discharged at a constant current (charge / discharge rate: 0.1 C).
- the discharge capacity was measured.
- a charge / discharge curve is shown in FIG.
- the discharge capacity was 657 mAh / g, and the irreversible capacity was 86%.
- the discharge capacity after 20 charge / discharge cycles was 598 mAh / g.
- the cycle characteristics (ratio of discharge capacity after 20 cycles to initial discharge capacity) was 91%. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 2 The same procedure as in Example 1 was conducted except that 60 parts by mass of PVA (saponification degree 98 mol%, polymerization degree 2400), carbon black (primary particle diameter 50 nm), and metal Si (average particle diameter 2 ⁇ m) were used. A C—Si composite material similar to that of Example 1 was obtained. The C—Si composite material obtained in this example was fibrous (diameter: 5 ⁇ m, length: 55 ⁇ m). Other characteristics are listed in Table 1.
- Example 3 The same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that 32 parts by mass of carbon black (primary particle size 35 nm) and 8 parts by mass of metal Si (average particle size 0.1 ⁇ m) were used. A C—Si composite material similar to that of Example 1 was obtained. The C—Si composite material obtained in this example was fibrous (diameter: 0.5 ⁇ m, length: 5 ⁇ m). Other characteristics are listed in Table 1.
- Example 4 1 part by mass of carbon black (primary particle size 35 nm) and 39 parts by mass of metal Si (average particle size 0.4 ⁇ m) were used.
- the non-woven fabric made of fibrous C—Si composite material obtained after heating was pulverized into powder by a jet mill. Except for the above, the procedure was the same as in Example 1.
- a C—Si composite material similar to that of Example 1 was obtained.
- the C—Si composite material obtained in this example was substantially spherical (diameter: 4 ⁇ m). Other characteristics are listed in Table 1.
- Example 5 60 parts by mass of PVA (saponification degree 88 mol%, degree of polymerization 2400), 5 parts by mass of carbon black (primary particle diameter 23 nm), 35 parts by mass of metal Si (average particle diameter 0.4 ⁇ m), and 500 parts by mass of water are in a bead mill. , Mixed. A carbon black-metal silicon dispersion (PVA dissolved) was obtained.
- the dispersion was coated on the release paper (film thickness after drying was 15 ⁇ m). It was dried at 120 ° C. for 10 minutes. As a result, a sheet (fibrous C—Si composite material precursor) was obtained.
- the obtained sheet was heated (800 ° C., 1 hour, in a reducing atmosphere).
- the obtained sheet (fibrous C—Si composite) was pulverized into powder by a jet mill. As a result, the same C—Si composite material as in Example 1 was obtained.
- the C—Si composite material obtained in this example was substantially spherical (diameter: 15 ⁇ m).
- the same procedure as in Example 1 was performed using the C—Si composite material. Other characteristics are listed in Table 1.
- Example 6 60 parts by mass of PVA (saponification degree 88 mol%, polymerization degree 2400), carbon black (primary particle size 35 nm) 5 parts by mass, metal Si (average particle size 0.4 ⁇ m) 35 parts by mass, and water 500 parts by mass , Mixed. A carbon black / metal silicon dispersion (PVA dissolved) was obtained.
- the obtained powder (C—Si composite material precursor) was heated (800 ° C., 1 hour, in a reducing atmosphere).
- the obtained powder (C—Si composite material) was pulverized into powder by a jet mill. As a result, the same C—Si composite material as in Example 1 was obtained.
- the C—Si composite material obtained in this example was substantially spherical (diameter: 2 ⁇ m).
- the same procedure as in Example 1 was performed using the C—Si composite material. Other characteristics are listed in Table 1.
- Example 7 The same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that 80 parts by mass of PVA (degree of saponification 88 mol%, degree of polymerization 2400), 20 parts by mass of metal Si (average particle size 0.4 ⁇ m), and 500 parts by mass of water were used. . In this embodiment, CB is not used.
- the composite material obtained in this example the surface of Si particles was covered with a PVA pyrolyzate.
- the composite material obtained in this example was fibrous (diameter: 4 ⁇ m, length: 45 ⁇ m). Other characteristics are listed in Table 1.
- Example 9 In Example 1, the same procedure was performed except that carbon black (primary particle size: 75 nm) was used. A C—Si composite material similar to that of Example 1 was obtained. The C—Si composite material obtained in this example was fibrous (diameter: 3 ⁇ m, length: 25 ⁇ m). Other characteristics are listed in Table 1.
- Example 10 In Example 1, the same procedure was performed except that carbon black (primary particle size: 15 nm) was used. A C—Si composite material similar to that of Example 1 was obtained. The C—Si composite material obtained in this example was fibrous (diameter: 1 ⁇ m, length: 15 ⁇ m). Other characteristics are listed in Table 1.
- Example 11 In Example 1, it carried out similarly except having used metal Si (average particle diameter: 0.02 micrometer). A C—Si composite material similar to that of Example 1 was obtained. The C—Si composite material obtained in this example was fibrous (diameter: 2 ⁇ m, length: 35 ⁇ m). Other characteristics are listed in Table 1.
- Example 12 In Example 1, it carried out similarly except having used metal Si (average particle diameter: 5 micrometers). A C—Si composite material similar to that of Example 1 was obtained. The C—Si composite material obtained in this example was fibrous (diameter: 6 ⁇ m, length: 25 ⁇ m). Other characteristics are listed in Table 1.
- Example 7 In Example 7, it carried out similarly except having used metal Si (average particle diameter: 0.02 micrometer). The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 7 In Example 7, it carried out similarly except having used metal Si (average particle diameter: 5 micrometers). The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example and Comparative Example 1 From the comparison between Example and Comparative Example 1, the following can be understood. Simply mixing metal Si and carbon black and adding it to the negative electrode has a large irreversible capacity, and the cycle characteristics are not improved. Low initial coulomb efficiency.
- the silicon content in the C—Si composite material of the above example is high. It is suitable as a negative electrode material for lithium ion batteries (for example, high conductivity, high capacity, small irreversible capacity, long cycle life).
- the C—Si composite material of the above example is easily obtained.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
Description
カーボンブラックと、
珪素粒子
とを有してなり、
前記カーボンブラックと前記珪素粒子とが、樹脂熱分解物を介して、結合している
ことを特徴とする炭素-珪素複合材を提案する。
前記カーボンブラックの一次粒径が21~69nmである
ことを特徴とする炭素-珪素複合材を提案する。
前記珪素粒子の粒径が0.05~3μmである
ことを特徴とする炭素-珪素複合材を提案する。
樹脂熱分解物が、前記珪素粒子の表面に、存在してなる
ことを特徴とする炭素-珪素複合材を提案する。
前記珪素粒子は樹脂熱分解物で覆われている
ことを特徴とする炭素-珪素複合材を提案する。
樹脂熱分解物が、0.05~3μm(粒径)の珪素粒子の表面に、存在してなる
ことを特徴とする炭素-珪素複合材を提案する。
0.05~3μm(粒径)の珪素粒子が樹脂熱分解物で覆われている
ことを特徴とする炭素-珪素複合材を提案する。
前記珪素含有量が20~96質量%である
ことを特徴とする炭素-珪素複合材を提案する。
前記炭素含有量が4~80質量%である
ことを特徴とする炭素-珪素複合材を提案する。
前記炭素-珪素複合材は1μm~20μm(直径)の粒子である
ことを特徴とする炭素-珪素複合材を提案する。
前記炭素-珪素複合材は、繊維径が0.5μm~6.5μm、繊維長が5μm~65μmの繊維である
ことを特徴とする炭素-珪素複合材を提案する。
前記樹脂が熱可塑性樹脂である
ことを特徴とする炭素-珪素複合材を提案する。
前記樹脂はポリビニルアルコールを含む
ことを特徴とする炭素-珪素複合材を提案する。
前記樹脂は、その主成分がポリビニルアルコールである
ことを特徴とする炭素-珪素複合材を提案する。
電池の負極材料である
ことを特徴とする炭素-珪素複合材を提案する。
分散液作製工程と、溶媒除去工程と、変性工程とを具備する炭素-珪素複合材の製造方法であって、
前記分散液作製工程は、樹脂、カーボンブラック、珪素、及び溶媒を含む分散液が作製される工程であり、
前記溶媒除去工程は、前記分散液から溶媒が除去される工程であり、
前記変性工程は、前記溶媒除去工程で得られた炭素-珪素複合材前駆体が炭素-珪素複合材に変性する工程である
ことを特徴とする炭素-珪素複合材製造方法を提案する。
分散液作製工程と、溶媒除去工程と、変性工程とを具備する炭素-珪素複合材の製造方法であって、
前記分散液作製工程は、樹脂、珪素(粒径が0.05~3μm)、及び溶媒を含む分散液が作製される工程であり、
前記溶媒除去工程は、前記分散液から溶媒が除去される工程であり、
前記変性工程は、前記溶媒除去工程で得られた炭素-珪素複合材前駆体が炭素-珪素複合材に変性する工程である
ことを特徴とする炭素-珪素複合材製造方法を提案する。
前記樹脂が熱可塑性樹脂である
ことを特徴とする炭素-珪素複合材製造方法を提案する。
前記樹脂はポリビニルアルコールを含む
ことを特徴とする炭素-珪素複合材製造方法を提案する。
前記樹脂は、その主成分がポリビニルアルコールである
ことを特徴とする炭素-珪素複合材製造方法を提案する。
ことを特徴とする炭素-珪素複合材製造方法を提案する。
式(1) log(PA)=1.613×log{([η]×104)/8.29}
式(2) [η]={2.303×log[ηrel]}/C
式(3) [ηrel]=t1/t0
PA:重合度、[η]:極限粘度、ηrel:相対粘度、C:試験溶液の濃度(g/L)、t0:水の落下秒数(s)、t1:試験溶液の落下秒数(s)
式(1) X1={(a-b)×f×D×0.06005}/{S×(P/100)}×100
式(2) X2=(44.05×X1)/(60.05-0.42×X1)
式(3) H=100-X2
X1:残存酢酸基に相当する酢酸量(%)
X2:残存酢酸基(モル%)
H:鹸化度(モル%)
a:0.5mol/lNaOH溶液の使用量(ml)
b:空試験での0.5mol/lNaOH溶液の使用量(ml)
f:0.5mol/lNaOH溶液のファクター
D:規定液の濃度(0.1mol/l又は0.5mol/l)
S:試料採取量(g)
P:試料の純分(%)
前記CBは、前記PVA100質量部に対して、好ましくは、1~60質量部であった。より好ましくは、2質量部以上であった。より好ましくは、50質量部以下であった。
分散液は、例えば樹脂と、珪素と、溶媒とを含む。特に好ましくは、カーボンブラックを更に含む。
前記溶媒除去工程は、前記分散液から溶媒が除去される工程である。特に溶媒除去工程の中でも繊維状の複合材前駆体(炭素珪素複合繊維前駆体)を得る工程を紡糸工程と呼ぶ。
紡糸工程には例えば、図1,2の遠心紡糸装置が用いられた。図1は遠心紡糸装置の概略側面図である。図2は遠心紡糸装置の概略平面図である。図中、1は回転体(円盤)である。前記円盤1は空洞体である。前記円盤1の壁面にはノズル(又は孔)が設けられている。前記円盤1の内部(空洞部)2(図示せず)に紡糸原液が充填される。円盤1が高速回転させられる。これによって、紡糸原液が遠心力によって引き伸ばされる。そして、溶媒は揮発しつつ、捕集板3上に堆積する。この堆積によって、不織布4が形成される。
繊維状の複合材を得る場合には、前記遠心紡糸法、延伸紡糸法、静電紡糸法以外にも、ゲル固化紡糸法が採用できる。
球状の複合材を得る場合には、前記分散液をポリエステルフィルムや離型紙などの基材上にバーコータ、ダイコータ、キスコータ、ロールコータなどで塗工・乾燥してフィルム状C-Si複合材前駆体を得る方法、前記分散液を前記溶媒と相溶性が良く、かつ、PVAが溶けない溶媒中に滴下し、凝固させることによって球状C-Si複合材前駆体を得る方法も採用できる。
変性工程は、前記複合材前駆体がC-Si複合材に変性する工程である。
この工程は、基本的には、加熱工程である。この加熱工程では、前記複合材前駆体が、例えば50~3000℃に加熱される。更に好ましくは100℃以上であった。もっと好ましくは500℃以上であった。更に好ましくは1500℃以下であった。もっと好ましくは1000℃以下であった。
PVAの熱分解温度は融点よりも低い。この為、熱処理によっても、前記前駆体の形状が維持されている。
本工程は、前記工程で得られた複合材の大きさを小さくする工程である。本工程は、例えば前記工程II(或いは、前記工程III)で得られた複合材前駆体(複合材)が粉砕される工程である。前記粉砕によってより小さな複合材前駆体(複合材)が得られる。前記繊維材が叩かれることによっても、前記繊維材は解かれる。すなわち、繊維が得られる。
本工程は、前記工程IVで得られた繊維から所望の大きさのものが選ばれる工程である。例えば、篩(目開き20~300μm)を通過した複合材が用いられる。目開きが小さな篩が用いられた場合、利用されない複合材の割合が多くなる。これはコスト増を引き起こす。目開きが大きな篩が用いられた場合、利用される複合材の割合が多くなる。しかし、複合材の品質のバラツキが大きい。篩と同等の方法が用いられても良い。例えば、気流分級(サイクロン分級)が用いられても良い。
前記複合材は、電気素子(電子素子も電気素子の中に含まれる)の部材に用いられる。例えば、リチウムイオン電池負極の活物質に用いられる。リチウムイオンキャパシタ負極の活物質に用いられる。
リチウムイオン電池は各種の部材(例えば、正極、負極、セパレータ、電解液)からなる。正極(又は、負極)は次のようにして構成される。活物質(正極活物質、又は負極活物質)、導電剤、結着剤などを含む混合物が、集電体(例えば、アルミ箔や銅箔など)上に積層される。これによって、正極(又は、負極)が得られる。
本発明の複合材は単体で負極活物質として用いても良く、公知の負極活物質と併用してもよい。併用の場合、(前記複合材量)/(全活物質量)が、好ましくは、3~50質量%である。更に好ましくは5質量%以上であった。もっと好ましくは10質量%以上であった。更に好ましくは30質量%以下であった。もっと好ましくは20質量%以下であった。公知の負極活物質は、例えば難黒鉛化性炭素、易黒鉛化性炭素、黒鉛、熱分解炭素類、コークス類、ガラス状炭素類、有機高分子化合物焼成体、炭素繊維、又は活性炭などが挙げられる。リチウムと合金を形成可能な金属元素の単体、合金および化合物、並びにリチウムと合金を形成可能な半金属元素の単体、合金および化合物からなる群の中の少なくとも一種を含んでいるものも用いられる(これらを以下合金系負極活物質と称する)。
PVA(商品名:ポバール224:鹸化度88mol%、重合度2400:株式会社クラレ製)60質量部、カーボンブラック(一次粒径35nm、鉄分1ppm)5質量部、金属Si(平均粒径0.4μm、キンセイマテック株式会社製)35質量部、及び水500質量部が、ビーズミルで、混合された。カーボンブラック・金属Si分散液(PVAは溶解)が得られた。
PVA(鹸化度98mol%、重合度2400)60質量部、カーボンブラック(一次粒径50nm)、金属Si(平均粒径2μm)が用いられた以外は、実施例1と同様に行われた。実施例1と同様なC-Si複合材が得られた。本実施例で得られたC-Si複合材は繊維状(直径:5μm、長さ:55μm)であった。その他の特性が表-1に記される。
カーボンブラック(一次粒径35nm)32質量部、金属Si(平均粒径0.1μm)8質量部が用いられた以外は、実施例1と同様に行われた。実施例1と同様なC-Si複合材が得られた。本実施例で得られたC-Si複合材は繊維状(直径:0.5μm、長さ:5μm)であった。その他の特性が表-1に記される。
カーボンブラック(一次粒径35nm)1質量部、金属Si(平均粒径0.4μm)39質量部が用いられた。加熱後に得られた不織布(繊維状C-Si複合材製)がジェットミルにて粉状に粉砕された。前記以外は実施例1と同様に行われた。実施例1と同様なC-Si複合材が得られた。本実施例で得られたC-Si複合材は略球状(直径:4μm)であった。その他の特性が表-1に記される。
PVA(鹸化度88mol%、重合度2400)60質量部、カーボンブラック(一次粒径23nm)5質量部、金属Si(平均粒径0.4μm)35質量部、及び水500質量部が、ビーズミルで、混合された。カーボンブラック-金属珪素分散液(PVAは溶解)が得られた。
PVA(鹸化度88mol%、重合度2400)60質量部、カーボンブラック(一次粒径35nm)5質量部、金属Si(平均粒径0.4μm)35質量部、及び水500質量部が、ビーズミルで、混合された。カーボンブラック・金属珪素分散液(PVAは溶解)が得られた。
PVA(鹸化度88mol%、重合度2400)80質量部、金属Si(平均粒径0.4μm)20質量部、及び水500質量部が用いられた以外は、実施例1と同様に行われた。本実施例ではCBが用いられていない。本実施例で得られた複合材は、Si粒子の表面がPVA熱分解物で覆われていた。本実施例で得られた複合材は繊維状(直径:4μm、長さ:45μm)であった。その他の特性が表-1に記される。
実施例1で得られたC-Si複合材と、実施例6で得られたC-Si複合材とが混合(前者/後者=50/50(質量比)された。この混合C-Si複合材が用いられた以外は、実施例1と同様に行われた。その結果が表-1に記される。
実施例1において、カーボンブラック(一次粒径:75nm)が用いられた以外は、同様に行われた。実施例1と同様なC-Si複合材が得られた。本実施例で得られたC-Si複合材は繊維状(直径:3μm、長さ:25μm)であった。その他の特性が表-1に記される。
実施例1において、カーボンブラック(一次粒径:15nm)が用いられた以外は、同様に行われた。実施例1と同様なC-Si複合材が得られた。本実施例で得られたC-Si複合材は繊維状(直径:1μm、長さ:15μm)であった。その他の特性が表-1に記される。
実施例1において、金属Si(平均粒径:0.02μm)が用いられた以外は、同様に行われた。実施例1と同様なC-Si複合材が得られた。本実施例で得られたC-Si複合材は繊維状(直径:2μm、長さ:35μm)であった。その他の特性が表-1に記される。
実施例1において、金属Si(平均粒径:5μm)が用いられた以外は、同様に行われた。実施例1と同様なC-Si複合材が得られた。本実施例で得られたC-Si複合材は繊維状(直径:6μm、長さ:25μm)であった。その他の特性が表-1に記される。
カーボンブラック(一次粒径35nm、鉄分1ppm)7質量部、金属Si(平均粒径0.4μm)13質量部、人造黒鉛74質量部、カルボキシメチルセルロース2質量部、及びスチレン-ブタジエン共重合体粒子4質量部が、水400質量部に、分散させられた。この分散液が銅箔上に塗工された。乾燥後にプレスされた。リチウムイオン電池負極が得られた。リチウム箔(対極)が用いられた。エチレンカーボネート/ジエチレンカーボネート(1/1(体積比):電解液)が用いられた。1mol%のLiPF6(電解質)が用いられた。リチウムイオン電池のコインセルが作製された。
実施例1と同様な評価が行われた。その結果が表-1に記される。
尚、本比較例1の材料には本発明の特徴が認められなかった。
実施例7において、金属Si(平均粒径:0.02μm)が用いられた以外は、同様に行われた。その結果が表-1に記される。
実施例7において、金属Si(平均粒径:5μm)が用いられた以外は、同様に行われた。その結果が表-1に記される。
3 捕集板
4 不織布
11 タンク
12 紡糸ノズル
13 加熱空気
14 糸
Claims (20)
- カーボンブラックと、
珪素粒子
とを有してなり、
前記カーボンブラックと前記珪素粒子とが、樹脂熱分解物を介して、結合している
ことを特徴とする炭素-珪素複合材。 - 前記カーボンブラックの一次粒径が21~69nmである
ことを特徴とする請求項1の炭素-珪素複合材。 - 前記珪素粒子の粒径が0.05~3μmである
ことを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2の炭素-珪素複合材。 - 樹脂熱分解物が、前記珪素粒子の表面に、存在してなる
ことを特徴とする請求項1~請求項3いずれかの炭素-珪素複合材。 - 前記珪素粒子は樹脂熱分解物で覆われている
ことを特徴とする請求項1~請求項3いずれかの炭素-珪素複合材。 - 樹脂熱分解物が、0.05~3μm(粒径)の珪素粒子の表面に、存在してなる
ことを特徴とする炭素-珪素複合材。 - 前記珪素粒子は樹脂熱分解物で覆われている
ことを特徴とする請求項6の炭素-珪素複合材。 - 前記珪素含有量が20~96質量%である
ことを特徴とする請求項1~請求項7いずれかの炭素-珪素複合材。 - 前記炭素含有量が4~80質量%である
ことを特徴とする請求項1~請求項8いずれかの炭素-珪素複合材。 - 前記炭素-珪素複合材は1μm~20μm(直径)の粒子である
ことを特徴とする請求項1~請求項9いずれかの炭素-珪素複合材。 - 前記炭素珪素複合材は、繊維径が0.5μm~6.5μm、繊維長が5μm~65μmの繊維である
ことを特徴とする請求項1~請求項9いずれかの炭素-珪素複合材。 - 前記樹脂が熱可塑性樹脂である
ことを特徴とする請求項1~請求項11いずれかの炭素-珪素複合材。 - 前記樹脂は、その主成分がポリビニルアルコールである
ことを特徴とする請求項1~請求項12いずれかの炭素-珪素複合材。 - 電池の負極材料である
ことを特徴とする請求項1~請求項13いずれかの炭素-珪素複合材。 - 請求項1~請求項14いずれかの炭素-珪素複合材が用いられて構成されてなる
ことを特徴とする負極。 - 前記請求項15の負極を具備する
ことを特徴とする二次電池。 - 分散液作製工程、溶媒除去工程、変性工程とを具備する炭素-珪素複合材の製造方法であって、
前記分散液作製工程は、樹脂、カーボンブラック、珪素、及び溶媒を含む分散液が作製される工程であり、
前記溶媒除去工程は、前記分散液から溶媒が除去される工程であり、
前記変性工程は、前記溶媒除去工程で得られた炭素-珪素複合材前駆体が炭素珪素複合材に変性する工程である
ことを特徴とする炭素-珪素複合材製造方法。 - 分散液作製工程、溶媒除去工程、変性工程とを具備する炭素-珪素複合材の製造方法であって、
前記分散液作製工程は、樹脂、珪素(粒径が0.05~3μm)、及び溶媒を含む分散液が作製される工程であり、
前記溶媒除去工程は、前記分散液から溶媒が除去される工程であり、
前記変性工程は、前記溶媒除去工程で得られた炭素-珪素複合材前駆体が炭素珪素複合材に変性する工程である
ことを特徴とする炭素-珪素複合材製造方法。 - 前記樹脂が熱可塑性樹脂である
ことを特徴とする請求項17又は請求項18の炭素-珪素複合材製造方法。 - 前記請求項1~請求項14いずれかの炭素-珪素複合材を得る
ことを特徴とする請求項17~請求項19いずれかの炭素-珪素複合材製造方法。
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201680028366.7A CN109923707B (zh) | 2016-10-19 | 2016-10-19 | 碳硅复合材料、负极、二次电池、碳硅复合材料制造方法 |
| KR1020177027198A KR102006707B1 (ko) | 2016-10-19 | 2016-10-19 | 탄소-규소 복합재, 음극, 이차 전지, 탄소-규소 복합재 제조 방법 |
| JP2017534634A JP6283801B1 (ja) | 2016-10-19 | 2016-10-19 | 炭素−珪素複合材、負極、二次電池、炭素−珪素複合材製造方法 |
| PCT/JP2016/081006 WO2018073916A1 (ja) | 2016-10-19 | 2016-10-19 | 炭素-珪素複合材、負極、二次電池、炭素-珪素複合材製造方法 |
| DE112016002671.4T DE112016002671B4 (de) | 2016-10-19 | 2016-10-19 | Kohlenstoff-Silizium-Verbundmaterial, negative Elektrode, Sekundärbatterie und Herstellungsverfahren für Kohlenstoff-Silizium-Verbundmaterial sowie dessen Verwendung |
| US15/574,894 US10720638B2 (en) | 2016-10-19 | 2016-10-19 | Carbon-silicon composite material, negative electrode, secondary battery, and carbon-silicon composite material producing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2016/081006 WO2018073916A1 (ja) | 2016-10-19 | 2016-10-19 | 炭素-珪素複合材、負極、二次電池、炭素-珪素複合材製造方法 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2018073916A1 true WO2018073916A1 (ja) | 2018-04-26 |
Family
ID=61282628
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2016/081006 Ceased WO2018073916A1 (ja) | 2016-10-19 | 2016-10-19 | 炭素-珪素複合材、負極、二次電池、炭素-珪素複合材製造方法 |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10720638B2 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP6283801B1 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR102006707B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN109923707B (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE112016002671B4 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2018073916A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP7220942B1 (ja) * | 2022-08-15 | 2023-02-13 | テックワン株式会社 | 複合材および複合材製造方法 |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2019169405A (ja) * | 2018-03-26 | 2019-10-03 | 株式会社東芝 | 電極、二次電池、電池パック及び車両 |
| TWI709272B (zh) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-11-01 | 光宇材料股份有限公司 | 用於二次電池之負極材料的製造方法 |
| EP4376124B1 (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2025-11-05 | Lg Energy Solution, Ltd. | Silicon-based anode active material, method for preparing silicon-based anode active material, anode comprising silicon-based anode active material, and secondary battery comprising anode |
| CN114566634A (zh) * | 2022-03-04 | 2022-05-31 | 深圳石墨烯创新中心有限公司 | 二氧化钛包覆硅碳纳米纤维复合材料及其制备方法与应用 |
| CN116387488B (zh) * | 2023-04-13 | 2025-07-22 | 山东理工大学 | 一种以聚硅氧烷为原料一步制备多孔硅碳复合材料的方法 |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004103546A (ja) * | 2002-07-15 | 2004-04-02 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | 正極活物質複合化粒子、並びにそれを用いた電極及びリチウム二次電池 |
| JP2005235589A (ja) * | 2004-02-19 | 2005-09-02 | Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd | 非水電解質二次電池 |
| JP2008186732A (ja) * | 2007-01-30 | 2008-08-14 | Nippon Carbon Co Ltd | リチウム二次電池用負極活物質、それを使用した負極及び製造方法 |
| JP2015502025A (ja) * | 2012-11-30 | 2015-01-19 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | 負極活物質用複合体及びこの製造方法 |
| JP2015516516A (ja) * | 2012-03-02 | 2015-06-11 | コーネル・ユニバーシティーCornell University | ケイ素ナノ複合ナノファイバー |
| JP2015135811A (ja) * | 2013-12-18 | 2015-07-27 | 三菱化学株式会社 | 非水系二次電池負極用炭素材、それを用いた非水系二次電池用負極及び非水系二次電池 |
Family Cites Families (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA1341507C (fr) | 1989-09-01 | 2006-06-13 | Michel Gauthier | Generateur a l'etat solide fonctionnant par polymerisation redox |
| KR101441447B1 (ko) | 2008-07-15 | 2014-09-17 | 유니베르시타트 뒤스부르크-에쎈 | 규소 및/또는 주석이 삽입된 다공성 탄소 기질 |
| KR101103841B1 (ko) * | 2009-05-27 | 2012-01-06 | 한국과학기술연구원 | 금속이온 이용 무전해 에칭법에 의한 다발구조의 실리콘 나노로드 제조방법 및 이를 함유하는 리튬이차전지용 음극 활물질 |
| KR101858760B1 (ko) | 2009-08-28 | 2018-05-16 | 시온 파워 코퍼레이션 | 황을 포함하는 다공성 구조체를 포함하는 전기화학 전지 |
| JP5680191B2 (ja) | 2010-06-18 | 2015-03-04 | 深▲セン▼市貝特瑞新能源材料股▲ふん▼有限公司 | リチウムイオン電池の複合硬質炭素負極材料及びその製造方法 |
| KR101396521B1 (ko) | 2011-08-05 | 2014-05-22 | 강원대학교산학협력단 | 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질, 이의 제조 방법, 그리고 이를 포함하는 음극 및 리튬 이차 전지 |
| CN102637872A (zh) * | 2012-01-07 | 2012-08-15 | 天津市贝特瑞新能源材料有限责任公司 | 一种高容量硅碳复合负极材料及其制备方法和其应用 |
| EP2820710B1 (en) | 2012-03-02 | 2019-08-14 | Cornell University | Battery separator and method for producing same |
| CN103562447A (zh) | 2012-04-18 | 2014-02-05 | 太克万株式会社 | 碳纤维材料、碳纤维材料制造方法、具有所述碳纤维材料的材料 |
| US9590238B2 (en) | 2012-11-30 | 2017-03-07 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Composite for anode active material and method of preparing the same |
| WO2014160174A1 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2014-10-02 | Cornell University | Carbon and carbon precursors in nanofibers |
| CN103311522B (zh) * | 2013-05-31 | 2015-09-30 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | 一种硅/碳复合微球负极材料及其制备方法和用途 |
| JPWO2015012086A1 (ja) | 2013-07-23 | 2017-03-02 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 複合粒子及びその製造方法並びに電極及び非水電解質二次電池 |
| WO2015088252A1 (ko) * | 2013-12-10 | 2015-06-18 | 삼성정밀화학 주식회사 | 리튬이온 이차전지용 음극 활물질 및 이의 제조방법 |
| JP2016028375A (ja) | 2014-07-11 | 2016-02-25 | 株式会社Kri | 炭素複合ケイ素材料及びその製造方法並びにリチウム二次電池用負極材料 |
| CN107112504A (zh) * | 2014-12-29 | 2017-08-29 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 硅碳复合物、制备该复合物的方法及包含该复合物的电极材料和电池 |
| JP2017220451A (ja) * | 2016-06-01 | 2017-12-14 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | シリコン−炭素複合材料およびその製造方法 |
-
2016
- 2016-10-19 WO PCT/JP2016/081006 patent/WO2018073916A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2016-10-19 CN CN201680028366.7A patent/CN109923707B/zh active Active
- 2016-10-19 KR KR1020177027198A patent/KR102006707B1/ko active Active
- 2016-10-19 JP JP2017534634A patent/JP6283801B1/ja active Active
- 2016-10-19 DE DE112016002671.4T patent/DE112016002671B4/de active Active
- 2016-10-19 US US15/574,894 patent/US10720638B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004103546A (ja) * | 2002-07-15 | 2004-04-02 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | 正極活物質複合化粒子、並びにそれを用いた電極及びリチウム二次電池 |
| JP2005235589A (ja) * | 2004-02-19 | 2005-09-02 | Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd | 非水電解質二次電池 |
| JP2008186732A (ja) * | 2007-01-30 | 2008-08-14 | Nippon Carbon Co Ltd | リチウム二次電池用負極活物質、それを使用した負極及び製造方法 |
| JP2015516516A (ja) * | 2012-03-02 | 2015-06-11 | コーネル・ユニバーシティーCornell University | ケイ素ナノ複合ナノファイバー |
| JP2015502025A (ja) * | 2012-11-30 | 2015-01-19 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | 負極活物質用複合体及びこの製造方法 |
| JP2015135811A (ja) * | 2013-12-18 | 2015-07-27 | 三菱化学株式会社 | 非水系二次電池負極用炭素材、それを用いた非水系二次電池用負極及び非水系二次電池 |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP7220942B1 (ja) * | 2022-08-15 | 2023-02-13 | テックワン株式会社 | 複合材および複合材製造方法 |
| WO2024038496A1 (ja) * | 2022-08-15 | 2024-02-22 | テックワン株式会社 | 複合材および複合材製造方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPWO2018073916A1 (ja) | 2018-10-18 |
| CN109923707B (zh) | 2022-05-03 |
| JP6283801B1 (ja) | 2018-02-28 |
| US20180301695A1 (en) | 2018-10-18 |
| DE112016002671B4 (de) | 2024-10-31 |
| CN109923707A (zh) | 2019-06-21 |
| KR102006707B1 (ko) | 2019-08-02 |
| KR20180116124A (ko) | 2018-10-24 |
| US10720638B2 (en) | 2020-07-21 |
| DE112016002671T5 (de) | 2018-07-19 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP2703530B1 (en) | Method for manufacturing carbon-fiber materi | |
| JP6229245B1 (ja) | 炭素−珪素複合材、負極、二次電池 | |
| JP6283801B1 (ja) | 炭素−珪素複合材、負極、二次電池、炭素−珪素複合材製造方法 | |
| CN102713039B (zh) | 碳纤维制无纺布、碳纤维、以及它们的制造方法、电极、电池、以及过滤器 | |
| JP4697901B1 (ja) | 炭素繊維製不織布、炭素繊維、及びその製造方法、電極、電池、及びフィルタ | |
| JP5489184B2 (ja) | 分岐型炭素繊維、分岐型炭素繊維製造方法、前記分岐型炭素繊維を有する材 | |
| KR101810439B1 (ko) | 탄소 섬유, 탄소 섬유재 제조 방법, 전기 디바이스, 이차전지, 및 제품 | |
| JP6283800B1 (ja) | 炭素−珪素複合材、負極、二次電池、炭素−珪素複合材製造方法 | |
| JP6142332B1 (ja) | 炭素繊維、炭素繊維材製造方法、電気デバイス、二次電池、及び製品 | |
| CN114585588A (zh) | 多孔还原型氧化石墨烯、其制造方法、包含其的硫-碳复合材料和锂二次电池 | |
| EP3252193B1 (en) | Carbon fiber, carbon fiber material production method, electrical device, rechargeable battery, and product | |
| JP7683561B2 (ja) | 活物質複合粒子、二次電池、及び活物質複合粒子の製造方法 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2017534634 Country of ref document: JP |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20177027198 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1020177027198 Country of ref document: KR |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 15574894 Country of ref document: US |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 112016002671 Country of ref document: DE |
|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 16919340 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| 122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 16919340 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |