WO2018067101A1 - Milling brush - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to machining and can be used for removing corrosion and scale from the surfaces of metal articles, smoothing small irregularities, and machining weld seams. A brush comprises a body and spring wire filaments arranged on the body in groups, bundles or sets in at least one row around the circumference. The body is configured for functional connection to a rotating device, and the filaments are mounted in an inclined manner in the body. The inclination of the filaments is within the limits of an acute angle relative to a vertical axis that passes through the base of the filaments, parallel to the axis of rotation and perpendicular to the horizontal plane. At the same time, the filaments are inclined within the limits of an obtuse angle relative to a radial line running from the central axis of rotation to the base of the filaments, the apex of said angle being situated in the base, and the filaments are arranged such as to be neither parallel to the line nor lying on the line. Depending on the direction of rotation of the brush, the free ends of the filaments can be arranged either clockwise or anti-clockwise and either to the left or to the right of the radial line.

Description

 Milling brush

The invention relates to devices for cleaning the surfaces of metal products, and can be used to clean the surfaces of metal products from coating, corrosion, scale, smoothing small irregularities and processing welds.

 A brush for cleaning metal is known from the state of the art, comprising a housing connected to a current source and sections of a metal pile fixed around the housing, the housing being freely mounted on a shaft to which one phase of the electric current is connected, between the external and internal end brushes attached to it which are isolated from contact with current, and freely mounted ball segment and roller mounted on the console with the possibility of the latter, with the assistance of a ball bearing, while rotating the shaft to ensure that complex conductive spatial movement (patent UA 44175 A, published January 15, 2002, bull. N ° 1).

 The disadvantages of this analogue are the complexity and cumbersome design, high material consumption and the need to consume a large amount of electricity for high-temperature electric arc exposure of the treated surface. Also, the movable connection of the inner working part with the ball bearing and the roller is not reliable, since during prolonged use, as a result of pressing to the surface to be treated, the surface of the parts is erased at the junction, which can lead to the separation of individual parts from the general structure and damage to the device as a whole .

 In addition, the junction of the individual parts of the analogue is actually open from the side of the work surface. With prolonged use, small particles of the treated surface can clog

one the junction of individual functional parts of the brush, especially those that are installed with the possibility of free movement, which makes its design generally unreliable, since such a blockage leads to damage to the device and its malfunction.

 Known is a Westward 33L485 Cup Brush cup brush comprising a cup-shaped body and a layer of bundles of metal wires that fit snugly together, connected to the body and circumferentially located on its front surface, while the body is operably connected to rotary device - in the central part of the housing there is a through hole with a thread for fastening the housing to the rotational device, the bundles of metal wires have an inclination within an acute angle relative to the vertical the linear axis passing through their base, parallel to the axis of rotation and perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and are set at an obtuse angle to the radial line, while the radial line extending to the beam base and the vertical axis passing through the beam base lie in the vertical plane (found on the Internet on September 14, 2016; http://www.ebay.com/itm/WESTWARD-33L485-Cup-Brush-4Dia- Wire-0-021n-RPM-8500- / 222107580135.

The disadvantage of this analogue is that the absence of a tilt in the direction of rotation of the cup brush of the metal hard wire bundles relative to the horizontal plane of the front surface of the housing causes a very long treatment of the treated surface, which leads to overheating of this surface and the formation of combustion products of the coating in places of long processing, which greatly complicates further use of the treated surface or makes such use impossible. However, the arrangement of the beams perpendicular to the plane of the front surface of the housing causes insufficient surface treatment in the presence of a significant layer coatings and quick brush wear. All this makes the use of the analogue inefficient, costly and leads to an undesirable loss of time for surface reprocessing.

 In addition, the absence of gaps between the bundles of metal hard wires of the analogue does not allow us to visually determine the quality of cleaning the treated surface, which is important when carrying out such operations.

 The closest analogue of the claimed invention was selected wire brush (patent US 6173470 B1, published January 16, 2001), which is a grinding device, the body of which is made in the form of a disk or cup, in which segments are removed from the disk circle to provide visibility of the working surface on the case which bristles are located - fibers from a spring wire in groups, bundles or a set of at least one row around the circumference, and the housing is made with the possibility of functional connection with a rotary device, for example with a drive m rotational - in the central body portion has a through hole with a thread for fastening the housing on a rotary unit, the bristles - fibers made from spring wire extend outwardly from the tool surface.

The disadvantage of the closest analogue is low efficiency, the need to spend a lot of time when using the known device, high energy and labor costs, due to the fact that the design of the wire brush does not provide for the inclination of the fibers of the spring wire in the direction of rotation of the known device in working condition. In the known wire brush, only the inclination of the spring wire fibers from the axis of rotation is made. Also, spring wire fibers are located at right angles to their linear velocity vectors. With this design solution, the free ends of the bristles located in the direction from the radial line and lie with it in a vertical plane. This arrangement of the fibers of the spring wire relative to the housing and, accordingly, relative to the direction of its rotation when using the known device causes increased loads and resistance of the fibers from the spring wire of the work surface, and causes too slow processing of small areas of the work surface, which, in turn, creates overheating specified areas of the treated surface, and leads to the formation of a combustion product of the coating, which is very difficult to Keep away from the metal surface that has been coated. After that, further surface treatment, applying a new coating to the treated surface is significantly complicated or impossible to perform efficiently. All this makes the use of a wire brush to remove coatings from metal surfaces inefficient, inconvenient and leads to unnecessary time, energy and labor costs.

 The negative effects that arise as a result of overheating of the treated surface due to the lengthy treatment of the area are amplified by increasing pressure on the fibers from the spring wire in order to intensify the processing process, as well as when accelerating the rotation of the brush housing, because in this case the fibers from the spring wire can get the inclination relative to the plane of the front surface of the housing in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the housing.

However, the implementation of the fibers of the spring wire such that they have only the specified inclination, when using a brush device causes excessive yaw. In this case, the negative effects that yaw causes - excessive vibration, which increases with increasing pressure on the bundles of fibers from the spring wire with the aim intensification of the processing process. The generated excessive vibrations make the use of the closest analogue inconvenient, reduce the quality of the machined surface and lead to damage to parts of the rotating device.

 In addition, the known arrangement of fibers from the spring wire of the analogue causes rapid wear and abrasion of the fibers from the spring wire on the machined surface, which, in turn, makes the use of a brush device for a grinding machine too costly.

 The technical task of the claimed invention is the creation of a brush-cutter for cleaning metal surfaces from various coatings and another, which is characterized by a simple design, operating efficiency and a significant reduction in the time of removal of coatings with a decrease in energy and labor costs, ease of use with minimal costs for replaceable materials.

The stated technical problem is solved in that in the brush milling cutter, on the body of which fibers from the spring wire are arranged in groups, bundles or a set of at least one row around the circumference, and the body is made with the possibility of functional connection with a rotary device, for example with a rotation drive, according to the proposal, the spring wire fibers are mounted in an inclined housing, the spring wire fibers are inclined within an acute angle with respect to a vertical axis passing through their base, parallel axis of rotation and perpendicular to the horizontal plane, are simultaneously installed relative to the radial line passing from the central axis of rotation to the base of the spring wire fiber, within an obtuse angle, with the apex of the corner that is at the base, not parallel to the radial line and not lying on it, in this case, depending on the direction of rotation of the brush-cutter, the free ends of the fibers from the spring wire can be located both clockwise and counterclockwise similar to the direction of rotation of the brush-cutter, and left or right relative to the radial line and its extension, which extends beyond the basics, and the fibers of the spring wire are located at an acute angle to the corresponding linear vectors speed.

 Also, according to the proposal, the lengths of the groups or bundles of spring wire fibers alternate.

 Also, according to the proposal, groups or bundles of spring wire fibers are arranged in two rows around a circle and intersect crosswise.

 Also, according to the proposal, groups or bundles of spring wire fibers are arranged in two rows around the circumference and form their free ends to form an apex relative to the attachment plane.

 Also, according to the proposal, the spring wire fibers are made of synthetic composite material.

 In addition, according to the proposal, the spring wire fibers are made of steel.

 In addition, according to the proposal, the cross section of the spring wire fiber or the spring wire fiber bundles has the shape of a circle or square, or rectangle.

 In addition, according to the proposal, there are gaps between the groups and bundles of fibers from the spring wire.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to increase the efficiency of work by providing improved quality of surface treatment and removal of coatings - paint, putty or rust, or other deposits from metal surfaces and other surfaces, with the achievement of the shift and cutting of the coating directed forward, or simultaneously forward and to the side, relative to the direction of rotation of the free ends of the spring fibers wire, which are the cutters in the claimed design, this ensures the self-sharpening of the ends of the fibers from the spring wire, with the exception of overheating of the treated surface, its darkening and formation of burns, a significant acceleration of the processing of metal surfaces, increased usability at any thickness of the treated coating, saving variable costs materials, energy and labor with the general simplicity of design.

 Moreover, the use of the claimed invention avoids damage to the equipment to which the brush is attached, damage to the treated surface due to the exclusion of overheating and, accordingly, the cost of repairing the equipment and restoring the treated surface.

 A causal relationship between the essential features of the claimed invention and the technical result is as follows.

In combination of the essential features, the use of the inventive brush-cutter for cleaning metal surfaces from coatings and other layers ensures a high quality of processing with the exception of damage to the treated surface, since due to the establishment of fibers from a spring wire simultaneously with an inclination within an acute angle relative to the vertical axis passing through their base parallel to the axis of rotation and perpendicular to the horizontal plane at an angle to the radial line passing from the central axis of rotation to the base of the spring wire fiber, from an acute to an obtuse angle, not parallel to the radial line and so that they do not lie on it, and with the arrangement of the free ends of the spring wire fibers at least clockwise in the direction of rotation milling brushes clockwise, and at least counterclockwise when the direction of rotation of the milling brush is counterclockwise, i.e. similar to the direction of rotation of the brush-cutter and with a location on the left or right relative to the radial line and its extension, which extends beyond the basics, while with the arrangement of the fibers from the spring wire at an acute angle to the corresponding linear velocity vectors, that is, with the location of each fiber from the spring wire at an acute angle to the linear velocity vector, which is perpendicular to the radial line that runs from the Central axis of rotation to the base of the fiber from the spring wire, and comes out of the basics fibers of the spring wire, in contrast to the analogues, are cut off the coating layer from the work surface and the coating layer is displaced in the direction of movement of the brush during the surface treatment. In this case, the metal surface remains intact, since the declared brush-cutter completely removes the coating layer without overheating of the treated surface, its darkening and burnout, and without the formation of residues of the uncut coating.

 In addition, the implementation of the brush with the declared slopes of the fibers from the spring wire can significantly reduce the processing time, since there is no need for multiple processing of the treated surfaces, and high-quality surface treatment occurs as a result of the simple movement of the brush, which rotates on a horizontal or inclined surface. This also allows you to reduce energy consumption and labor loss, and, accordingly, to process more surfaces for a small, compared with analogues, a period of time, spending less energy and physical effort.

However, the implementation of the brush-cutter with the declared inclination of the fibers from the spring wire eliminates unnecessary brush movement and sliding of the brush’s working surface over the work surface, which makes using the brush more convenient and more effective, in particular, with a large pressure on the brush’s working surface, it increases processing quality and increases the life of the spring wire fibers, reducing their abrasion on the surface to be treated.

 Also, thanks to the claimed technical solution, the arrangement of spring wire fibers at an acute angle to the work surface in the direction of rotation of the brush-cutter is achieved at any load on the working surface of the brush-cutter and the rotation speed of the brush-cutter, it allows to achieve a self-sharpening effect for the fibers of the spring wire, reduces depreciation and the need for their replacement or additional maintenance,

 Also, the alternation of the length of groups or bundles of fibers from a spring wire allows you to efficiently process uneven surfaces.

 The arrangement of groups or bundles of fibers from the spring wire in two rows around the circle that intersect crosswise provides coverage of a larger surface area during its processing to achieve faster removal of coatings and to improve the quality of processing with achieving displacement and shearing of the coating with the fiber ends directed forward relative to the direction of rotation from a spring wire.

 This design of the brush-cutter, in which groups or bundles of fibers from a spring wire are arranged in two rows around a circle and form their free ends with a vertex relative to the attachment plane, allows you to efficiently and efficiently process recesses and uneven surfaces to achieve the stated technical result.

 In addition, the establishment of groups and bundles of fibers from the spring wire with a gap provides the ability to monitor the condition of the surface and the quality of processing without stopping the brush.

 The design of the claimed brush-cutter is illustrated using the following images:

FIG. 1 - General view of the brush-cutter from below; FIG. 2 - Side view of the brush-cutter;

 FIG. 3 - bottom view of the brush-cutter;

 FIG. 4 - Top view of the brush-cutter;

 FIG. 5 - Image of a fragment of the brush-cutter and a fragment of the machined surface.

 FIG. 6 - Schematic illustration of the brush-cutter - bottom view;

 FIG. 7 - Schematic illustration of the brush-cutter - general view from below; FIG. 8 - Schematic illustration of an inverted brush-cutter - side view;

 FIG. 9 - Schematic illustration of a brush-cutter - bottom view with examples of the location of the fibers or bundles of fibers from a spring wire.

In one possible embodiment, which does not limit the implementation of the claimed invention, the brush mill has a housing 1 made of rounded shape in the embodiment in the form of a flange or disk (disk brush). The housing can also be made in the form of a bowl. Fibers from a spring wire 2 are fixed in the housing, coming out of the holes 10 made in the housing with an inclination that provides the corresponding declared inclination of the fibers from the spring wire 2, in the embodiment, with bundles in one row around the circumference, which does not exclude the possibility of fixing them in several (two or three or more) rows if necessary. The housing is made with the possibility of functional connection with a rotary device, for example with a rotation drive, such as a grinder or drill or other, and has a central hole 3 with a thread. The housing in the embodiment, on the working side, has a protrusion from which rigidly fixed bundles of fibers from the spring wire 2 come out. The bases 7 of the fibers of the spring wire 2, and in the embodiment, the basics of 7 fibers of the spring wire 2 constitute the basis of the bundles of fibers of spring wires 2 are rigidly fixed and lie on the horizontal plane 9. The fibers of the spring wire 2 are installed with an inclination simultaneously: relative to the vertical axis 6, passing through their base 7, parallel to the axis of rotation 5 and perpendicular to the horizontal plane 9, within an acute angle a, mainly 5 ° to 85 °, relative to the radial line R, which runs from the central axis of rotation to the base 7 of the spring wire fiber 2, within an obtuse angle b (Fig. 9), that is, from an acute angle b _1} mainly from 5 ° to stupid about the angle b, mainly up to 175 °, with the apex of the corner that is at the base. At the same time, the fibers of the spring wire 2 are not installed parallel to the radial line R and do not lie on it. In this case, depending on the direction of rotation of the brush-cutter, the free ends of the fibers from the spring wire can be located clockwise (in the case of rotation of the brush-cutter clockwise), and counterclockwise (in the case of rotation of the brush-cutter counterclockwise ) is similar to the direction of rotation of the brush-cutter, and left or right relative to the radial line R and its extension - line 4, which extends beyond the base 7 of the fibers of the spring wire 2, and each fiber of the spring wire is located under a sharp angle c (Fig. 2, 8), mainly from 5 ° to 85 °, to the linear velocity vector ν. Any base point 7 is a fixation point, the linear velocity vector V leaves the fixation point at right angles to the radius R of the fixation point and is directed tangentially to the path of the base point 7, that is, to the circle along which the base point 7 moves, towards movement. .

 The groups or bundles of fibers from the spring wire 2 may have different lengths, the lengths of the groups or bundles of fibers from the spring wire may alternate.

It is possible to make brush mills in which groups or tufts the fibers of the spring wire 2 are arranged in two rows around the circle and intersect crosswise.

 It is also possible to carry out a brush-cutter, in which groups or bundles of fibers from a spring wire 2 are arranged in two rows around a circle and form their free ends to form an apex relative to the attachment plane.

 In one possible embodiment, the spring wire fibers can be made of synthetic composite material, for example, composite nylon.

 In the embodiment shown in the images, the spring wire 2 fibers are made of steel.

 The cross section of the fiber from the spring wire 2 or bundles of fiber from the spring wire 2 may be in the form of a circle or square, or rectangle, or another.

 The brush-cutter can be performed with gaps between groups and / or bundles of fibers from a spring wire 2.

 On top of the outer surface 8 or on the side surface of the housing 1 can be applied to the image, which informs about the direction of rotation of the brush (Fig. 1, 4, 5). In addition, information on the sizes, composition of materials, manufacturer, type of fixed fibers from spring wire 2 or bundles, etc. can be applied.

 In FIG. 5 shows a fragment of the inventive brush-cutter, which is mounted on a rotary device, and a surface cleaned from coating with the declared brush, namely, a portion of the metal product that has been cleaned from the coating with the help of a prototype of the declared brush-cutter.

 Use the brush-cutter as follows.

The brush-cutter is mounted on a grinder or on another rotary device. Typically rotary devices rotate devices for surface treatment in a clockwise direction, respectively, in this case, the fibers or bundles of fibers from the spring wire 2 are made with an inclination in the direction of rotation, or forward and sideways relative to the direction of rotation. While the fibers of the spring wire 2 are installed with an inclination at the same time: relative to the vertical axis 6, passing through their base 7, parallel to the axis of rotation 5 and perpendicular to the horizontal plane 9, within an acute angle a (Fig. 8), mainly from 5 ° to ° 85, with respect to the radial line R, which runs from the central axis of rotation to the base 7 of the spring wire fiber 2, within the obtuse angle b (Fig. 9), that is, from the acute angle b _/ to the obtuse angle b, with the vertex of the angle that is at the core. At the same time, the fibers of the spring wire 2 are not installed parallel to the radial line R and do not lie on it. The free ends of the fibers from the spring wire 2 are clockwise similar to the direction of rotation of the brush-cutter, and to the right of the radial line R and its extension is line 4, which extends beyond the warp 7 in an inverted form of the brush-cutter relative to its working position (bottom view Fig. 3, 6, 7, 8, 9) and, respectively, to the left in the working position (side view of Fig. 2, 5), with each fiber from the spring wire located at an acute angle with (Fig. 2, 8), mainly from 5 ° to 85 °, to the linear velocity vector v.

 The milling brush is rotationally turned on by turning on the rotary device and they begin to process the surface in order to remove them, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, layers of paint and putty. At the same time, the brush-cutter quickly cleans the metal surface, cutting off the coatings, without leaving darkening on it, burnt areas of the coating, which are difficult or impossible to remove without changing its structure.

Thus, the implementation of brush-cutters for cleaning metal surfaces from coatings and other layers with a combination of declared essential features allows for effective and high-quality cleaning of metal surfaces from coating, rust, corrosion, dirt, scale and cleaning of metal surfaces from small irregularities, in particular, cleaning welds, while there is a significant saving in time, electricity, money for the purchase of replacement materials and repair of equipment and user's physical efforts of the declared brush-cutter. These properties make the declared brush cutter an effective tool in industries related to the processing of metal surfaces, for example, in the field of transport repair, mechanical engineering, the production of building materials, etc.

 In the existing sources of patent and scientific and technical information, no brush-cutter was found that has the claimed combination of essential features, therefore, the presented technical solution meets the criterion of "novelty."

 The proposed technical solution is industrially applicable, since it does not contain any structural elements and materials that cannot be reproduced at the present stage of development of technology in industrial production.

Claims

Formula 1. The brush-cutter, on the body of which the fibers of the spring wire are arranged in groups, bundles or a set of at least one row around the circumference, and the body is made with the possibility of functional connection with a rotary device, for example with a rotation drive, characterized in that the fibers of the spring wire is installed in the housing with an inclination, the fibers of the spring wire have an inclination within an acute angle with respect to the vertical axis passing through their base, parallel to the axis of rotation and perpendicular to the horizontal planes are simultaneously installed relative to the radial line passing from the central axis of rotation to the base of the spring wire fiber, within an obtuse angle, with the apex of the angle that is at the base, not parallel to the radial line and not lying on it, while depending on the direction rotation of the brush-cutter the free ends of the fibers from the spring wire can be located both clockwise and counterclockwise similar to the direction of rotation of the brush-cutter, and left or right relative to the radial line and its continuation, that is lengthened beyond the bases, and the fibers of the spring wire are arranged at an acute angle to the respective linear velocity vectors.  2. The brush-mill according to claim 1, characterized in that the lengths of the groups or bundles of fibers from the spring wire alternate.  3. The brush-cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that the groups or bundles of fibers from the spring wire are arranged in two rows around the circle and intersect crosswise. 4. The brush-milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that the groups or bundles of fibers from the spring wire are arranged in two rows around the circumference and form free vertices at the apex relative to the attachment plane. 5. Brush mill according to claim 1, characterized in that the fibers of the spring wire are made of synthetic composite material.  6. Brush mill according to claim 1, characterized in that the fibers of the spring wire are made of steel. 7. The brush-milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross-section of the fiber from the spring wire or bundles of fibers from the spring wire has the shape of a circle or square, or rectangle.  8. The brush-cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that there are gaps between the groups and bundles of fibers from the spring wire.