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WO2018067076A1 - Dérivation d'eau à multiples tuyaux et turbine hydraulique à symétrie de révolution à entrées multiples - Google Patents

Dérivation d'eau à multiples tuyaux et turbine hydraulique à symétrie de révolution à entrées multiples Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018067076A1
WO2018067076A1 PCT/TR2016/000132 TR2016000132W WO2018067076A1 WO 2018067076 A1 WO2018067076 A1 WO 2018067076A1 TR 2016000132 W TR2016000132 W TR 2016000132W WO 2018067076 A1 WO2018067076 A1 WO 2018067076A1
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Prior art keywords
turbine
inlets
pipes
attached
reaction type
Prior art date
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Ceased
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PCT/TR2016/000132
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English (en)
Inventor
Hakan Erten
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to PCT/TR2016/000132 priority Critical patent/WO2018067076A1/fr
Publication of WO2018067076A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018067076A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/08—Machine or engine aggregates in dams or the like; Conduits therefor, e.g. diffusors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/16—Stators
    • F03B3/18—Stator blades; Guide conduits or vanes, e.g. adjustable
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/40—Use of a multiplicity of similar components
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for generating electricity from hydropower.
  • Hydropower is one of the main renewable and clean sources for generating electricity.
  • hydroelectric power plants that include a large retaining dam, a penstock, a powerhouse, etc. have considerable economic, social and environmental impact, due to extensive construction work, displacement of people, inundation of farmlands, change of natural waterways and habitat of fish etc.
  • further utilisation of hydropower is essential for keeping up with the increasing demand for electricity generation. Therefore, a large part of further development of hydropower must come from plants with no retaining dam at all or with a barrier where the head (the height difference of water level before and after the barrier) is very low, for which water sources are abundant throughout the world, with the further advantage that non-centralised electricity generation reduces transmission costs and energy losses due to long transmission lines.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a high efficiency, low cost, environmentally friendly hydro turbine designed especially, though not exclusively, for low head hydro power.
  • the invention employs multiple diversion pipes that are placed directly into the water stream with one opening facing the flow, i.e. substantially parallel to the current. The water thus diverted from the current into multiple pipes travels to a turbine, while maintaining most part of its kinetic energy.
  • the turbine design is such that, in the basic embodiment of the invention, the multiple diversion pipes each connect to an inlet of the turbine, with the turbine inlets arranged substantially circumferential and rotationally symmetric around the main, vertical axis of the turbine.
  • the first is the diversion of the waterflow by means of multiple pipes, each substantially facing the stream, but which can be independently positioned in the other two directions, in immediate vicinity of one another.
  • Riverbeds and beds of other natural waterways obviously don't have a flat surface; on the contrary most are channelled and have banks that converge at the bottom; most flow in deep valleys.
  • the bed is flattened with heavy construction machines.
  • the water diversion system should adapt to the natural embankment, and not the other way around, while still collecting most of the water efficiently.
  • the invention enables this by forming an array of pipe inlets placing each where most appropriate.
  • such an array of pipe inlets formed either by fixing pipes to a grid perpendicular to the water stream or by fixing them to one another, forms a practical barrier to provide sufficient head as required.
  • the entry to each of the inlet pipes is equipped with a hydrodynamically designed funnel fixture in order to minimise hydrodynamic losses .
  • the inlet pipes can also be implemented as flexible hoses or as a combination of pipes and flexible hoses, which simplifies the construction process significantly.
  • the second innovation is the design of the reaction type turbine.
  • the runner assembly of the turbine, while the blades are hydrodynamically designed based on computer simulations is essentially (just to simplify the description) a highly efficient waterwheel , like most other reaction turbines.
  • vertical waterwheels that have been in use since ancient times, in particular undershot waterwheels, where the free-flowing stream touches the padels at the bottom are inefficient mainly because they are in contact with a very small part of the current. This is a fundamental problem of vertical water wheels as trying to increase the central angle of the part of the water wheel that is in contact with the current, instead increases the drag; and therefore the amount of depth of the waterway that contributes to energy production is always limited.
  • WO2013019117 describes a facility where all or part of the flow of a river is diverted into an inlet channel, wherein upstream barrier modules arranged side by side can be raised or lowered in order to influence the amount of water that is diverted.
  • the inlet channel terminates at several turbine and draft tube modules that can be closed selectively.
  • WO2008045574 describes an adjustable water diversion system into a channel, where the amount of water fed into a number of turbines is variable . Regulation of the amount of water diverted is not a subject matter of the present invention.
  • above prior art deals with water diverted into one channel supplying many turbines , whereas the present invention is concerned with supplying each turbine with water diverted by multiple pipes.
  • WO2011146348 describes an apparatus comprising a mainline pipe with an inlet diverting water upstream of a river and running longitudinally along the river (like a penstock) supplying secondary pipes that branch from it and that connect to water driven accessories.
  • US6396162 describes an apparatus for generating hydroelectric power comprising a water inlet pipe that feeds an underground water tank from where multiple penstocks connect to multiple turbine-generator sets.
  • the subject matter of the present invention is diversion of water utilising multiple pipes and not storage and/or distribution of the water available in one mainline pipe to multiple turbines .
  • WO2008016343 describes a facility where one or more inlet pipes are provided that are placed perpendicular to the flow of water in a stream or river and that have openings along the length to divert water. These pipes connect to one feedline (similar to a penstock) that carries the diverted water to a turbine generator combination, which passes through a pressure dissipation device that causes a reduction in the pressure of the water, which then is released back into the stream or river at a lower elevation.
  • feedline similar to a penstock
  • the present invention in contrast provides multiple diversion pipes that are at the point of inlet each parallel to the stream and cause very low hydrodynamic loss , that can be positioned individually along the embankment and the riverbed, that can jointly make up a practical barrier in an array, that can feed the turbine without the need for a penstock and that can supply individual inlets of a multi inlet hydro turbine .
  • US20050220605 claims multiple inlets supplied by distributor pipes specifically for a PELTON turbine system.
  • the present invention introduces a hydro turbine with multiple inlets specifically of a reaction type and excludes PELTON turbines which are of impulse type .
  • WO2004061295 describes a facility where all or part of the flow of a river is diverted into a specially constructed open top channel that terminates at a spiral shaped pool constructed with high precision which has a round opening at the bottom where a gravitational vortex is induced.
  • the turbine at the centre of the round opening at the bottom is rotated by the forces of the gravitational vortex, causing a connected generator to produce electricity.
  • KR1020150004069 claims induction of a vortex (whirlpool) by way of the coriolis force in a specially designed helical shaped turbine casing, similar to the casing of a FRANCIS turbine but narrowing down in the vertical dimension to a hole at the bottom.
  • Claim 4 of KR1020150004069 states that the inlet according to Claim 1 of KR1020150004069 could be branched into a plurality of inlets and connected to the casing along the helical wall of a turbine built according to Claim 1 of KR1020150004069.
  • the present invention utilises the pressure and the kinetic energy of the flow in the turbine assembly (which is rotationally symmetric and not spiral or helical shaped) and does not claim to induce a vortex there; nor would it be technically possible to induce a gravitational vortex in a closed casing as air must be sucked into the vortex, which is not available.
  • the coriolis force is too small by at least one magnitude to have any effect on the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is categorically different than prior art as mentioned above.
  • JP2012237311 describes a turbine where the water enters through the centre with high pressure or velocity and exits the circumference in perpendicular direction through a multitude of openings, similar to a sprinkler system, thereby rotating the apparatus by the reaction forces, similar to a jet.
  • WO2015174938 describes a very similar hydraulic jet centrifuge-reactive turbine with one inlet and multiple outlets .
  • the present invention is categorically different from these prior art as it is comprised of multiple inlets and one (or more) outlet (s) and not the other way around. Also, the turbine of the present invention is not a centrifuge-reactive turbine .
  • WO03054385 and WO2010111318 both describe a method of connecting a multitude of turbine-generator cells to form a retaining dam, which also acts as the electricity generation apparatus .
  • the turbine-generator assembly is never part of a retaining dam, but is always separated from (even if in the vicinity of) any barrier.
  • an array of inlet pipes may form a retaining barrier, which is categorically different from what is claimed in above mentioned prior art.
  • FIG. -01 Illustration of the general arrangement for diversion of water, showing multiple diversion pipes (100) with their openings facing the waterflow (10) , arranged individually according to the embankment (11) and the bed (12) of the waterway, that carry the diverted water to multiple generic hydro turbines (2) of which the main shaft (290) are indicated, through a plurality of joined and branched pipe segments and straight (101) and bend sections (102) , which are supported by blocks (106) , hanging , wires (107) , frames (108) and floats (109) . Parts of the waterflow (10) have been cut out for better view.
  • FIG. -02 Illustration of a diversion pipe implemented as a hose (103) with an attached hydrodynamically designed diversion inlet (110) , a closing/opening apparatus (120) , including its fixed part (121) and closed fixture (126) half way inserted (the open fixture (125) and filter fixture (127) shown separately) and flanged diversion outlet (130) .
  • FIG. -03 Illustration of an embodiment of a diversion inlet (110), comprising a jointed apparatus (104) like a swivel for rotation and a fin like fixture (105) for correction of direction.
  • FIG. -04 Illustration of an arrangement of diversion inlets (110) in an array, fixed on to a grid-like frame (50) , which itself is supported by piles (60) driven into the earth; further showing open (56) and blocked (57) passageways of the grid-like frame (50) as well as its top section (51) for providing a low head (20) .
  • Hoses (103) as diversion pipes can be used during the construction to divert the water away from the site.
  • FIG. -05 Illustration of the inside of an embodiment of the hydro turbine, showing the turbine inlet (210) , the turbine cavity (220) , the runner (230) , generic runner blades (231) , the main shaft (290) and a radial seal element (292) .
  • FIG. -06 Illustration of an embodiment of the hydro turbine (200), with eight turbine inlets (210) , with the main shaft (290) and the top radial-axial sealed bearing (291) indicated, further comprising one eight segmented radial outlet (240) , a hydrodynamically designed draft tube (250) (with the top cover removed for better viewing) and closing/opening apparatus (280) attached to the turbine inlets (210) .
  • FIG. -07 Illustration of an embodiment of the hydro turbine (200), comprising eight flanged (211) turbine inlets (210) ; eight flanged (241) turbine outlets (240) ; and a generator (300) at the top, mechanically connected to the main shaft (290) by a coupling (310) .
  • FIG. -08 Illustration of an embodiment of the hydro turbine casing (201) with four inlets, comprising two identical parts that are horizontally detachable.
  • FIG. -09 Illustration of an embodiment of the hydro turbine casing (201) with eight inlets, comprising two identical parts that are vertically detachable .
  • FIG. -10 Illustration of one embodiment of the power plant as a whole, built directly on a riverbed, showing, a course grate (80) , which prevents larger solids and fish from entering the hydro turbines (200) , wherein a fish ladder (90) is provided to allow fish to swim downstream and upstream; further showing the grid- like frame (50) onto which multiple diversion inlets (110) are attached, supplying two hydro turbines (200) with water via eight diversion pipes (100) each connected to one turbine inlet (210) ; further showing the turbine outlets (240) and the draft tubes (250) which return the water back to the waterway; further showing a plant building (400) , where electrical and electronic equipment are housed and the safety fence around it (410) .
  • FIG. -11 Illustration of one embodiment of the power plant, built at the side of a waterway, wherein part of the waterflow (10) streams into eight diversion inlets (110) . Water, passing through the diversion pipes (100) , reaches the turbine inlets (210) of a hydro turbine (200) . The generator (300) that is mechanically connected to the hydro turbine (200) generates electricity. DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
  • the invention discloses an efficient, low cost and environmentally friendly method and apparatus for converting most, if not all of the energy available in a waterflow to useful mechanical rotation of the main shaft of a hydro turbine.
  • a "waterflow” is the natural or mechanically induced movement of a liquid, which contains mostly the chemical molecule water, in a discernible direction.
  • water we refer to the said liquid as "water” even though it can and in most cases does contain or carry all types of other elements and molecules as well, which make up oils, salts, sand, sediments, bacteria etc.
  • Natural waterflows are usually found in waterways like above-ground and underground rivers , channels and man-made open or closed conduits but also in underground currents of seas , lakes , narrows and straits .
  • Mechanically induced waterflows are usually found in man-made open or closed conduits like channels, aqueducts, pipes and other collection or distribution systems . We exclude waterflows that are already in a pipe system, as far as the water diversion is concerned.
  • the present invention discloses two independent innovations :
  • the first innovation disclosed by the present invention is a method for diverting part or all of the water, which makes up a waterflow (10) , into multiple diversion pipes (100) (at least two) , which are placed in positions as appropriate directly into the waterflow (10) with their openings facing the waterflow (10) , that means with their main axis substantially parallel to the direction of the waterflow (10) at the location of the inlet, for supplying one (or more) hydro turbine (s) (2) , in order to cause its (their) main shaft (290) to rotate.
  • diversion pipes (100) may have different diameters, different lengths, contain one or more straight sections (101) , contain one or more elbow/bend sections (102) with any angle, be placed in the water / out of the water / above ground / underground or in any combination thereof and be supported from any direction by any means, including (but not limited to) by blocks from underneath (106) , by wires from the top (107) , by frame like structures from any side (108) , by floats (109) or pontoon-like platforms or any other floating structures on or in water etc.
  • Diversion pipes (100) can be attached to one another for easier support.
  • Diversion pipes (100) can be joined together with or without intermediary connecting elements (like Y- Elements) in order to increase the hydraulic efficiency.
  • Water does not flow through rectangular or circular cross-sections in nature.
  • river-embankments (11) and riverbeds (12) in nature have irregular shapes and indentations .
  • Many man-made channels also have irregular cross-sections, for example trapezoidal etc. Avoiding tampering with nature utilising heavy construction machinery as far as possible, while at the same time being able to efficiently divert water from the waterflow requires an adaptive method, as is disclosed by the present invention.
  • multiple pipes are arranged such that their opening covers an area as required, where the waterflow passes through.
  • one or more section (s) of the diversion pipe could be made out of flexible materials or produced in a shape that allows for easy bending, such as is the case with flexible hoses (103) .
  • Such sections could be mechanically attached to one another and/or to other pipe sections. This allows for easy adjustment of connections of diversion pipes during the installation process .
  • the inlet of each diversion pipe called diversion inlet (110) will be hydrodynamically designed, to enable water to enter the diversion pipe (103) gradually, as is common engineering practice in design of hydrodynamic and aerodynamic systems for over a century.
  • such a diversion inlet (110) could, having been manufactured separately, be mechanically attached to the diversion pipe (103) .
  • mechanically attached means that two fixtures or apparatus are fixedly joined together by welding, gluing, shrinking onto, screwing or any other similar method commonly used in the industry, whereas the term “detachably attached” means that the attachment can be disjoined easily, like a flanged connection or similar.
  • attachment means any of the two .
  • mechanically connected means that two fixtures or apparatus are joined together in a way that allows relative motion and/or transfer of forces or torques , like by a coupling, gear mechanism, belt mechanism, chain mechanism or any other similar method commonly used in the industry.
  • an apparatus (120) for closing/opening a pipe like a mechanical or electromechanical valve or some other apparatus , could be attached between the diversion inlet (110) and the diversion pipe (103) or anywhere along the length of the diversion pipe (103) between its sections. This will enable closing of each diversion pipe (103) separately for maintenance and repair .
  • FIG. -02 One embodiment of a simple apparatus for this purpose is illustrated in FIG.
  • the apparatus consists of one unmoveable part (121) that is attached between the diversion inlet (110) and the diversion pipe (103) and one exchangeable part that fits into that unmoveable part (121) , in two versions, one with an empty cross-section (125) , the other with a solid, filled cross-section (126) .
  • water passes through or is blocked.
  • one such exchangeable part could contain a filter element (127) to filter out unwanted solids from the water flowing into the diversion pipe (103) .
  • some filter apparatus separate from the above mentioned could be attached between the diversion inlet (110) and the diversion pipe (103) , or anywhere along the length of the diversion pipe (103) between its sections, in combination with or without the closing/opening apparatus (120) .
  • the outlet of the diversion pipe (103) could be designed as a flange, or as some other connection apparatus.
  • Such flange or other connection apparatus could, having been manufactured separately, be mechanically attached to the diversion pipe (103) .
  • the diversion inlet (110) could be fixed onto an apparatus like a swivel or similar (104) , that allows for dynamical adjustment of the axis of the diversion inlet (110) parallel to the current.
  • one or more diversion inlet (s) (110) thus fixed, could have an apparatus attached to them, similar to the fin or keel (105) of a boat, to enable such dynamical adjusting automatically by hydrodynamic forces.
  • the diversion inlets (110) could be arranged in an array by fixing onto a grid-like frame (50) .
  • This grid-like frame (50) could be further fixed onto and supported by piles (60) , by frame structures or any other support fixtures , including used shipping container frames.
  • Those openings of the grid-like frame (50) which are not appropriate for use due to the cross-section geometry of the waterway or due to some other reason, could be covered (57) or left open (56) , for example in order for fish to pass through.
  • the entire cross- section of the waterway could be covered by the grid-like frame (50) forming a practical barrier.
  • the resistance of the turbine will cause pressure to increase upstream of the grid-like frame (50) thereby creating a natural head (20) .
  • the grid-like frame (50) could have a top section (51) without an opening, high enough to enable the natural head (20) but low enough to enable overflow in case of seasonal high water.
  • the grid-like frame (50) onto which the diversion inlets (110) are affixed could be floating by the support of floats, pontoon-like structures or any other apparatus that enables floating.
  • covers could be screwed onto the diversion inlets (110) for easy installation.
  • a number of diversion pipes with flexible sections like hoses (103) could be used during the installation process to divert the water stream away from the construction site .
  • the second innovation disclosed by the present invention is a specially designed hydro turbine (200), that means, a rotary mechanical apparatus that extracts energy from water, which enters through its turbine inlets (210) , then passes through its turbine cavity (220) housing a runner (230) with multiple blades (231) , thereby causing said runner (230) and the main shaft (290) that is mechanically attached to it, to rotate, and then exits through its turbine outlet(s) (240). Said energy is thus converted to useful mechanical rotation of the main shaft (290) of the apparatus.
  • the main shaft (290) is supported radially and axially by bearings (291) and serves also to isolate the water in the turbine cavity (220) from the outside by seals (292) .
  • the hydro turbine (200) according to the present invention is characterised by six features:
  • the axis of the main shaft (290) is substantially vertical.
  • the multiple turbine inlets (210) and the turbine cavity (220) are rotationally symmetric around the axis of the main shaft (290) of the order equalling the number of inlets in a plane. 5.
  • the axis of the multiple turbine inlets (210) do not intersect the axis of the main shaft (290) .
  • No turbine outlet (240) has an axis that is in the same plane formed by the axis of any two turbine inlets (210) .
  • the hydro turbine (200) may be designed in a variety of ways, have any size, contain any number of parts, contain any number of sub-sections, be placed in the water / out of the water / above ground / underground or in any combination thereof and be attached to any support apparatus or structure .
  • reaction turbine e.g. FRANCIS type
  • impulse turbine e.g. PELTON type
  • turbine inlet (210) means that cross-section and its immediate extension outward, including the corresponding fixture, where water enters the turbine cavity (220) .
  • Any volute or other structure, including supports for stay vanes and/or guide vanes, used to guide the flow to the runner (230) are part of the turbine cavity (220) and not the turbine inlet (210) .
  • turbine outlet (240) means that cross-section and its immediate extension outward, including the corresponding fixture, where water exits the turbine cavity (220) .
  • Any draft tube (250) or other similar structure downstream of the immediate exit from the turbine cavity (220) is not part of the turbine outlet (240) .
  • rotationally symmetric means: If, without changing one' s three dimensional viewpoint, the apparatus is rotated around the axis of the main shaft (290) by an angle found by dividing 360 degrees by the number of turbine inlets (210) in a plane, the resulting apparatus appears identical.
  • a hydrodynamically designed draft tube (250) could be mechanically attached to the turbine outlet (s) (240) for ease of returning the water to the waterway.
  • an apparatus (280) for closing/opening water flow through the turbine inlet (210) and/or the turbine outlet (240) could be attached upstream of the turbine inlet (210) respectively downstream of the turbine outlet (240) . This will enable closing of each section of the hydro turbine (200) separately for maintenance and repair.
  • such apparatus could be the same (120) as illustrated in FIG. -02 and explained above.
  • the turbine inlets (210) and/or the turbine outlet (s) (240) could be designed as flanges (211 and 241) , or as some other connection apparatus. Such flanges (211 and 241) or other connection apparatus could, having been manufactured separately, be mechanically attached to the turbine inlets (210) and/or the turbine outlet (s) (240) . In an embodiment of the invention, multiple pipes or hose like flexible pipes could be attached to the turbine outlet (s) (240) for ease of returning the water to the waterway.
  • Useful mechanical rotation means that the rotation of the main shaft (290) can be utilised to further convert the energy.
  • the rotor of a generator (300) can be connected to the main shaft (290) by a coupling (310) , such that the generator will generate electricity by the rotation of its rotor.
  • the electricity so generated can be utilised in any suitable way and for any suitable purpose at the site, at a location nearby locally or by transmission into a grid.
  • the rotor of a hydraulic pump could be mechanically connected to the main shaft (290) , such that a pressurised liquid or gas will be generated, which can be used in any suitable way and for any suitable purpose at the site, at a location nearby locally or after transmission.
  • the turbine casing (201) could be made up of multiple identical or non-identical parts, that are attached to each other, for ease of manufacturing, installation, repair, maintenance etc.
  • Any apparatus, fixture or structure disclosed herein can be made out of any suitable material and manufactured in any appropriate way known in the industry, including by 3D printing.
  • two or more hydro turbines (200) can be stacked on top of one another and their respective main shaft (290) mechanically connected by a coupling in series, to obtain higher power in a smaller space .
  • one or more hydro turbine (s) (200) could be attached on top of or underneath a pontoon-like floating support structure.
  • the main shaft (290) could be mechanically connected to the rotor of a generator / hydraulic pump as appropriate .
  • the diversion inlets (110) are arranged in an array by fixing onto a grid-like frame (50) , which forms a practical barrier.
  • Each diversion pipe (100) is connected to one turbine inlet (210) and the hydrodynamically designed draft tube (250) , attached to the turbine outlet (240) , at a lower level returns the diverted water back to the waterway. This way, the water that enters the diversion pipes (100) reaches the hydro turbine (200) with its kinetic energy almost intact and the energy extraction is very efficient by high throughput. Because of the low head, the entire apparatus is almost at atmospheric pressure and stress-free and can be manufactured of economical materials.
  • the rotational symmetry of multiple turbine inlets (210) helps to avoid unnecessary forces acting on the runner (230) or the main shaft (290) and also minimises vibrations by smoothing out flow variations.
  • Multiple independent apparatus as presented by the disclosure can be operated side by side in order to increase the throughput while keeping the apparatus size in bounds for easier manufacturing, installation and maintenance.
  • a protective net or some similar course grate (80) could be fixed upstream of the diversion pipes (100) to prevent larger solids and fish from entering the apparatus.
  • a fish ladder (90) can be part of the overall power plant.
  • the power plant can also comprise electrical/electronic regulation, transformation, monitoring, control and transmission apparatus as appropriate.
  • Such apparatus could be installed in a plant building (400) in the vicinity of the hydro turbine (s) (200) .
  • plant building (400) could be a prefabricated simple building or similar, above-ground or underground, protected by a fence (410) or similar, and comprising remote monitoring and control, safety and security apparatus as appropriate .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention vise à proposer une turbine hydraulique (200) à haut rendement, bon marché et respectueuse de l'environnement conçue spécialement, mais pas exclusivement, pour une source d'énergie hydraulique de faible hauteur. L'invention utilise de multiples tuyaux de dérivation (100) qui sont placés directement dans un écoulement d'eau (10) et qui font face au flux avec leurs entrées de dérivation (110). L'eau déviée à partir du flux dans de multiples tuyaux de dérivation (100) se déplace vers la turbine hydraulique (200), tout en conservant la plus grande partie de son énergie cinétique. La conception de la turbine hydraulique (200) est telle que, dans le mode de réalisation de base de l'invention, chacun des multiples tuyaux de dérivation (100) se raccorde à une entrée de turbine (210), les entrées de turbine (210) étant disposées de manière circonférentielle et avec une symétrie de révolution autour de l'axe vertical principal de la turbine hydraulique (200). Lorsque de l'eau pénètre dans le carter de la turbine hydraulique (200) de manière décentrée par l'intermédiaire des multiples entrées de turbine (210), les forces du flux entraînent en rotation la roue à aubes et ainsi l'arbre principal de la turbine hydraulique (200), et ce dernier lorsqu'il est accouplé à l'arbre d'un générateur (300), amène le générateur (300) à produire de l'électricité.
PCT/TR2016/000132 2016-10-03 2016-10-03 Dérivation d'eau à multiples tuyaux et turbine hydraulique à symétrie de révolution à entrées multiples Ceased WO2018067076A1 (fr)

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PCT/TR2016/000132 WO2018067076A1 (fr) 2016-10-03 2016-10-03 Dérivation d'eau à multiples tuyaux et turbine hydraulique à symétrie de révolution à entrées multiples

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PCT/TR2016/000132 WO2018067076A1 (fr) 2016-10-03 2016-10-03 Dérivation d'eau à multiples tuyaux et turbine hydraulique à symétrie de révolution à entrées multiples

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10941747B1 (en) 2019-10-21 2021-03-09 Rondid D. Bingaman Gravitational vortex variable water flow energy generating system including adjustable height turbine and diffuser assemblies
US12104567B1 (en) 2021-12-10 2024-10-01 Arthur James Barnes Self-contained hydroelectricity generating system
US20250003380A1 (en) * 2023-06-28 2025-01-02 Boris Bankovsky Hydroelectric Turbine Device and Method of Use
WO2025163514A1 (fr) * 2024-02-02 2025-08-07 Thomwatts Turbine flottante, installation de production d'électricité et procédé de production d'électricité

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0038321A1 (fr) * 1980-04-16 1981-10-21 VOEST-ALPINE Aktiengesellschaft Turbine tubulaire
US5825094A (en) * 1996-11-13 1998-10-20 Voith Hydro, Inc. Turbine array
US20130088015A1 (en) * 2011-01-21 2013-04-11 Randal Walton Hydroelectric generators
US20130334822A1 (en) * 2007-11-16 2013-12-19 Elemental Energy Technologies Limited Power generator

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0038321A1 (fr) * 1980-04-16 1981-10-21 VOEST-ALPINE Aktiengesellschaft Turbine tubulaire
US5825094A (en) * 1996-11-13 1998-10-20 Voith Hydro, Inc. Turbine array
US20130334822A1 (en) * 2007-11-16 2013-12-19 Elemental Energy Technologies Limited Power generator
US20130088015A1 (en) * 2011-01-21 2013-04-11 Randal Walton Hydroelectric generators

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10941747B1 (en) 2019-10-21 2021-03-09 Rondid D. Bingaman Gravitational vortex variable water flow energy generating system including adjustable height turbine and diffuser assemblies
US12104567B1 (en) 2021-12-10 2024-10-01 Arthur James Barnes Self-contained hydroelectricity generating system
US20250003380A1 (en) * 2023-06-28 2025-01-02 Boris Bankovsky Hydroelectric Turbine Device and Method of Use
WO2025163514A1 (fr) * 2024-02-02 2025-08-07 Thomwatts Turbine flottante, installation de production d'électricité et procédé de production d'électricité
FR3158985A1 (fr) * 2024-02-02 2025-08-08 Thomwatts Turbine flottante, installation de production d’électricité et procédé de production d’électricité

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