WO2018052009A1 - 電池容器用表面処理鋼板の製造方法 - Google Patents
電池容器用表面処理鋼板の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018052009A1 WO2018052009A1 PCT/JP2017/033003 JP2017033003W WO2018052009A1 WO 2018052009 A1 WO2018052009 A1 WO 2018052009A1 JP 2017033003 W JP2017033003 W JP 2017033003W WO 2018052009 A1 WO2018052009 A1 WO 2018052009A1
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- plating layer
- nickel plating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/10—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals
- C25D5/12—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals at least one layer being of nickel or chromium
- C25D5/14—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals at least one layer being of nickel or chromium two or more layers being of nickel or chromium, e.g. duplex or triplex layers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/48—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
- C25D5/50—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces by heat-treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/60—Electroplating characterised by the structure or texture of the layers
- C25D5/605—Surface topography of the layers, e.g. rough, dendritic or nodular layers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/60—Electroplating characterised by the structure or texture of the layers
- C25D5/605—Surface topography of the layers, e.g. rough, dendritic or nodular layers
- C25D5/611—Smooth layers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/60—Electroplating characterised by the structure or texture of the layers
- C25D5/615—Microstructure of the layers, e.g. mixed structure
- C25D5/617—Crystalline layers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/627—Electroplating characterised by the visual appearance of the layers, e.g. colour, brightness or mat appearance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
- H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
- H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
- H01M50/1245—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure characterised by the external coating on the casing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
- H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
- H01M50/126—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers
- H01M50/128—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers with two or more layers of only inorganic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/131—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by physical properties, e.g. gas permeability, size or heat resistance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/12—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of nickel or cobalt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/56—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
- C25D3/562—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys containing more than 50% by weight of iron or nickel or cobalt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
- C25D7/06—Wires; Strips; Foils
- C25D7/0614—Strips or foils
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
- H01M50/117—Inorganic material
- H01M50/119—Metals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a surface-treated steel sheet for battery containers.
- alkaline batteries that are primary batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries that are secondary batteries, lithium ion batteries, and the like are frequently used as operating power sources.
- a battery is required to have a long life and high performance as the performance of the mounted device increases, and a battery container filled with a power generation element made of a positive electrode active material or a negative electrode active material is also a battery.
- a power generation element made of a positive electrode active material or a negative electrode active material is also a battery.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a battery container obtained by press-molding a surface-treated steel sheet in which a nickel plating layer and an iron-nickel alloy plating layer are formed on a steel sheet.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a surface-treated steel sheet for a battery container which is excellent in press workability even when a semi-gloss nickel plating layer is formed on a surface in contact with a press die.
- the inventors of the present invention form a nickel-plated layer under specific conditions for a surface-treated steel sheet for a battery container in which a semi-bright nickel-plated layer is formed on at least the outer surface side of the battery container in the steel sheet.
- a semi-glossy nickel plating layer is formed by electrolytic plating on at least the outer surface side of the battery container in the steel sheet.
- the manufacturing method of the surface-treated steel sheet for battery containers which forms the said nickel plating layer is provided by performing a plating process on the conditions which satisfy
- T is the bath temperature (° C.) of the plating bath used for the plating process (where 60 ⁇ T ⁇ 80)
- D is the value when performing the plating process.
- X is the thickness of the nickel plating layer to be formed ( ⁇ m) (where 1.0 ⁇ X))
- the manufacturing method of the present invention it is preferable not to perform thermal diffusion treatment of the nickel plating layer after the nickel plating layer is formed.
- an iron-nickel diffusion layer is formed on the steel plate, and the nickel plating layer is interposed at least in the steel plate via the iron-nickel diffusion layer. It is preferable to form on the surface which becomes the outer surface side of a battery container.
- a surface-treated steel sheet for a battery container having a semi-glossy nickel plating layer on at least the outermost surface of the battery container in the steel sheet, the atomic force microscope (AFM) Provided is a surface-treated steel sheet for battery containers, wherein the surface of the nickel plating layer has an arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of 10 nm or less when measured in a 1.0 ⁇ m ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ m region.
- Ra arithmetic average roughness
- the nickel plating layer preferably has a thickness of 1.0 to 3.0 ⁇ m.
- the dynamic friction coefficient of the surface of the nickel plating layer is 0.45 or less when measured under the conditions of a 6 mm diameter chrome steel ball, 100 gf load, a rotation radius of 10 mm, and 10 rotations. It is preferable that In the surface-treated steel sheet for a battery container according to the present invention, the nickel plating layer preferably has a ratio of the 200 planes in the crystal plane orientation of the 111 plane, the 200 plane, the 220 plane, and the 311 plane exceeding 40%. .
- a battery container provided with the surface-treated steel sheet for battery containers mentioned above is provided. Moreover, according to this invention, a battery provided with the battery container mentioned above is provided.
- the present invention by setting the plating treatment conditions for forming the nickel plating layer to specific conditions, the hardness of the nickel plating layer to be formed increases, and the dynamic friction coefficient on the surface of the nickel plating layer decreases. To do. As a result, it is possible to provide a surface-treated steel sheet for a battery container that is suppressed in frictional heat generated during contact with a press mold and is excellent in press workability.
- FIG. 1 It is a perspective view which shows one Embodiment of the battery to which the surface treatment steel plate for battery containers which concerns on this invention is applied. It is sectional drawing which follows the II-II line of FIG. It is one Embodiment of the surface treatment steel plate for battery containers which concerns on this invention, Comprising: It is an expanded sectional view of the III section of FIG. It is other embodiment of the surface treatment steel plate for battery containers which concerns on this invention. It is the image obtained by measuring the surface of the surface treatment steel plate for battery containers obtained by the Example and the comparative example with an atomic force microscope (AFM). It is the image obtained by measuring the surface of the surface treatment steel plate for battery containers obtained by the Example and the comparative example with the scanning electron microscope (SEM).
- AFM atomic force microscope
- SEM scanning electron microscope
- the surface-treated steel sheet for battery containers according to the present invention is processed into an outer shape corresponding to a desired battery shape.
- the alkaline battery which is a primary battery, the nickel hydride battery which is a secondary battery, a lithium ion battery etc. can be illustrated, As a member of the battery container of these batteries, it concerns on this invention.
- a surface-treated steel sheet for battery containers can be used.
- the present invention will be described in an embodiment in which the surface-treated steel sheet for a battery container according to the present invention is used for a positive electrode can constituting a battery container of an alkaline battery.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of an alkaline battery 2 to which a surface-treated steel sheet for battery containers according to the present invention is applied
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG.
- the alkaline battery 2 of the present example is filled with a positive electrode mixture 23 and a negative electrode mixture 24 through a separator 25 in a bottomed cylindrical positive electrode can 21, and on the inner surface side of the opening of the positive electrode can 21, a negative electrode
- a sealing body composed of the terminal 22, the current collector 26 and the gasket 27 is caulked.
- a convex positive electrode terminal 211 is formed at the center of the bottom of the positive electrode can 21.
- the positive electrode can 21 is provided with an exterior 29 via an insulating ring 28 in order to impart insulation and improve design.
- the positive electrode can 21 of the alkaline battery 2 shown in FIG. 1 is obtained by subjecting the surface-treated steel sheet for battery containers according to the present invention to a deep drawing method, a drawing and ironing method (DI processing method), a drawing stretch processing method (DTR processing method), Alternatively, it can be obtained by forming by a processing method that uses stretching and ironing together after drawing.
- DI processing method drawing and ironing method
- DTR processing method drawing stretch processing method
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion III in FIG. 2.
- the lower side is the inner surface of the alkaline battery 2 in FIG. 1 (the surface in contact with the positive electrode mixture 23 of the alkaline battery 2) and the upper side is the alkali. This corresponds to the outer surface of the battery 2.
- the surface-treated steel sheet 1 (surface-treated steel sheet 1a) of this example shown in FIG. 3 has a semi-glossy nickel plating layer 12 on both principal surfaces of the steel sheet 11 with respect to the steel sheet 11 constituting the base material of the surface-treated steel sheet 1. Further, a nickel-cobalt alloy plating layer 13 is formed on the nickel plating layer 12 on the surface serving as the inner surface of the alkaline battery 2.
- the nickel plating layer 12 and the nickel-cobalt alloy plating layer 13 on the inner surface of the alkaline battery 2 may be arbitrarily formed according to the use of the surface-treated steel sheet 1, and the nickel plating layer 12 and the nickel-cobalt alloy plating layer 13 are used. Either of the nickel plating layer 12 and the nickel-cobalt alloy plating layer 13 may be omitted.
- the steel plate 11 of the present embodiment is not particularly limited as long as it has excellent formability, but, for example, a low carbon aluminum killed steel (carbon content 0.01 to 0.15 wt%), the carbon content is 0. 0.003 wt% or less of ultra-low carbon steel, or non-aging ultra-low carbon steel obtained by adding Ti, Nb or the like to ultra-low carbon steel can be used.
- a low carbon aluminum killed steel carbon content 0.01 to 0.15 wt%)
- the carbon content is 0. 0.003 wt% or less of ultra-low carbon steel
- non-aging ultra-low carbon steel obtained by adding Ti, Nb or the like can be used.
- these steel hot-rolled plates are pickled to remove the scale (oxide film) on the surface, then cold-rolled, and then subjected to electrolytic cleaning, followed by annealing and temper rolling.
- the annealing may be either continuous annealing or box annealing, and is not particularly limited.
- the nickel plating layer 12 is a semi-glossy nickel plating layer formed on at least the outer surface side of the steel plate 11 or both main surfaces by applying nickel plating to the steel plate 11 described above.
- nickel plating bath for forming the nickel plating layer 12
- nickel plating layer 12 is formed by electrolytic plating using a watt bath having a bath composition of nickel sulfate 200 to 350 g / L, nickel chloride 20 to 60 g / L, and boric acid 10 to 50 g / L. Can do.
- the method for making the nickel plating layer 12 semi-gloss is not particularly limited.
- a nickel plating bath is used by adding a semi-gloss agent to a nickel plating bath and using the nickel plating bath to which the semi-gloss agent is added.
- the method of forming a layer is mentioned.
- the semi-bright nickel plating layer 12 is formed using the semi-brightening agent, the glossiness of the surface becomes higher than when the matte nickel plating layer is formed without using the semi-brightening agent. .
- a semi-glossy layer in which a nickel plating layer is formed on a steel sheet so that the plating thickness is the same thickness on a steel sheet having the same surface roughness Nickel plating layer 12 (plating conditions were current density 20 A / dm 2 , bath temperature 70 ° C.) and matte nickel plating layer 12 (plating conditions were current density 20 A / dm 2 , bath temperature)
- VG-2000 manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd.
- the glossiness of the sample is 223.2, and the glossiness of the sample on which the matte nickel plating layer 12 is formed is 96.0, and there is a clear difference between them.
- the glossiness value varies depending on the thickness and surface roughness of the nickel plating layer 12, but the semi-glossy nickel plating layer 12 in this embodiment uses a stylus-type roughness meter (SURFCOM 1400D manufactured by Tokyo Seimitsu Co., Ltd.).
- SURFCOM 1400D manufactured by Tokyo Seimitsu Co., Ltd.
- the glossiness measured by a gloss meter is usually 150 or more and 300 or less.
- the semi-brightening agent is not particularly limited, but for example, aliphatic unsaturated alcohols such as polyoxy-ethylene adducts of unsaturated alcohols, unsaturated carboxylic acids, formaldehyde, and coumarin-free compounds are preferable.
- the nickel plating layer 12 formed using such a nickel plating bath is measured by a glow discharge optical emission spectrometer, the observed sulfur intensity is a noise level (or an intensity of about the amount of impurities).
- the nickel plating layer 12 can be regarded as substantially free of sulfur.
- the nickel plating layer 12 formed using a plating bath that uses a compound that does not contain sulfur as a semi-brightening agent and that does not use any other sulfur-containing additive is substantially free of sulfur. It can be regarded as not.
- the pressure is set to 600 Pa, the output is set to 35 W, and the HV (photomultiplier voltage) is set as follows.
- the ratio (S strength / Ni strength) of S strength (strength derived from sulfur) obtained in the nickel plating layer 12 to Ni strength (strength derived from nickel) is a semi-brightening agent that does not contain sulfur.
- the semi-bright nickel plating layer 12 formed by using a semi-brighting agent that does not contain the above-mentioned ratio (S strength / Ni strength) is usually less than 0.001, and the nickel plating layer 12 has Qualitatively, it can be considered that sulfur is not included, and when the nickel plating layer 12 is glossy, the ratio (S strength / Ni strength) is 0.001 or more, and it is determined that sulfur is included. It is possible.
- the HV for each element was nickel 700, iron 850, carbon 900, oxygen 700, and sulfur 999.
- the plating bath used for nickel plating includes a brightener (having an effect of refining the crystals constituting the nickel plating layer 12 and, as a result, increasing the surface hardness), in particular, an organic sulfur compound. It is preferable not to add an agent (for example, a brightener such as saccharin or sodium naphthalene sulfonate).
- a brightener such as saccharin or sodium naphthalene sulfonate.
- the additive made of an organic sulfur compound from being added to the plating bath, a problem caused by excessive sulfur in the nickel plating layer 12, that is, the obtained alkaline battery 2 is obtained.
- the contact resistance value of the nickel plating layer 12 constituting the battery container increases, and the battery performance of the alkaline battery 2 can be prevented from being deteriorated.
- an additive for example, a pit inhibitor
- a pit inhibitor having a small effect of increasing the surface hardness of the nickel plating layer 12 may be appropriately added to the plating bath.
- the plating conditions for forming the nickel plating layer 12 may satisfy the following formula (1) and the following formula (2).
- T is the bath temperature (° C.) of the plating bath used for the plating process (where 60 ⁇ T ⁇ 80)
- D is the value when performing the plating process.
- Current density (A / dm 2 ) (where 1 ⁇ D ⁇ 10)
- X is the thickness of the nickel plating layer to be formed ( ⁇ m) (where 1.0 ⁇ X))
- the hardness of the nickel plating layer can be improved, thereby reducing the dynamic friction coefficient on the surface of the nickel plating layer. it can.
- a surface-treated steel sheet for a battery container that is suppressed in frictional heat generated upon contact with a press die and is excellent in press workability.
- the surface-treated steel sheet 1 in the surface-treated steel sheet 1 is matte or semi-glossy and has poor slidability
- the surface-treated steel sheet 1 Excessive heat is generated due to friction with the press mold when pressing, so that the locally heated surface-treated steel sheet during molding is baked on the press mold and the molded battery container is removed from the press mold.
- the nickel plating layer 12 In order to increase the hardness of the nickel plating layer 12 in a plating bath for forming the nickel plating layer 12 in order to prevent fogging of the surface-treated steel sheet 1 and seizure and wrinkling of the press mold.
- an additive containing sulfur is added and the nickel plating layer 12 is formed on both main surfaces of the steel plate 11 using this plating bath, but in this method, due to the influence of sulfur or the like contained in the additive
- the formed nickel plating layer 12 has an increased contact resistance value after long-term storage, and a battery obtained using this has a problem that the battery performance is deteriorated.
- the surface that is the outer surface of the battery container in the steel sheet 11 is nickel.
- the surface hardness of the nickel plating layer 12 is increased by forming the nickel plating layer 12 on the outer surface of the battery container under the above-described conditions.
- the coefficient of dynamic friction between the nickel plating layer 12 and the press die is lowered, and as a result, the frictional heat when the surface-treated steel plate 1 is pressed is lowered, and the fog of the surface-treated steel plate 1 and the press die are reduced. Seizure and wrinkle are effectively prevented, and the press workability of the surface-treated steel sheet 1 is improved.
- by effectively preventing the seizing and wrinkling of the press mold it is possible to suppress the consumption of the mold, and thus it is possible to extend the life of the mold, which is advantageous in terms of cost.
- the surface hardness of the nickel plating layer 12 is increased even when the thickness of the nickel plating layer 12 is relatively thin. be able to. Therefore, it becomes possible to form the nickel plating layer 12 thin, and when the surface-treated steel sheet 1 to be obtained is formed into a battery container, the side wall of the battery container is also thinned by thinning the nickel plating layer 12, As a result, the internal volume of the battery container increases, the amount of power generation elements filled in the battery container can be increased, and the battery performance of the resulting battery can be improved.
- a plating bath having the same composition is used for the outer surface of the alkaline battery 2 and the inner surface of the alkaline battery 2 in the steel plate 11 in one step (one pass). Since the nickel plating layer 12 can be formed, the production efficiency of the surface-treated steel sheet 1 is improved, which is advantageous in terms of cost. At this time, the thickness of the nickel plating layer 12 on the outer surface and the inner surface may be the same, or may be different by changing the current density, and at least the outer surface is the nickel plating of this embodiment. Any layer 12 may be used.
- the surface-treated steel sheet 1 is obtained by incorporating sulfur into the nickel plating layer 12. The increase in the contact resistance value can be prevented. Furthermore, since it is not necessary to add an additive such as a brightener containing sulfur to the plating bath, the plating bath for other nickel plating products (nickel plating products that do not require the surface quality to be bright) The bathtub can be shared, and the production efficiency of the surface-treated steel sheet 1 and other nickel-plated products is improved.
- an additive such as a brightener
- the bath temperature T of the plating bath may be 60 to 80 ° C., preferably 65 to 80 ° C., more preferably 70 to 80 ° C.
- the bath temperature T of the plating bath may be 60 to 80 ° C., preferably 65 to 80 ° C., more preferably 70 to 80 ° C.
- the current density D may be 1 to 10 A / dm 2 , preferably 1 to 8 A / dm 2 , more preferably 3 to 8 A / dm 2. 2 . Furthermore, the current density D is particularly preferably 3 to 5 A / dm 2 from the viewpoint of further improving the hardness of the nickel plating layer 12 to be formed, and from the viewpoint of further improving the production efficiency of the surface-treated steel sheet 1. 5-8 A / dm 2 is particularly preferred.
- the ratio (T / D) of the bath temperature T of the plating bath to the current density D may be in a range satisfying the above formula (1) (that is, The lower limit is preferably 7.0 or more, more preferably 12.0 or more, still more preferably 14.0 or more, and the upper limit is preferably 80.0 or less, more preferably 30 or less. If the ratio (T / D) is too low, the hardness of the nickel plating layer 12 to be formed decreases, thereby increasing the dynamic friction coefficient between the surface-treated steel sheet 1 and the press die, and as a result, the surface treatment. The press workability of the steel sheet 1 tends to be reduced.
- the thickness X of the nickel plating layer 12 to be formed is 1.0 ⁇ m or more and may satisfy the above formula (2), but is preferably 1.2 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 1.5 ⁇ m or more. . Although there is no upper limit, in the present invention, a sufficient effect is exhibited at 3.0 ⁇ m or less, and the press workability is improved with respect to the film thickness even in a thin nickel plating layer of 2.0 ⁇ m or less. It is what has. Moreover, it is more preferable if the thickness X of the nickel plating layer 12 to be formed satisfies the following formula (3).
- the pH of the plating bath when forming the nickel plating layer 12 is preferably 2.0 to 5.3, more preferably 3.3 to 5.0, and even more preferably 3.8 to 4.9.
- the pH of the plating bath is preferably 2.0 to 5.3, more preferably 3.3 to 5.0, and even more preferably 3.8 to 4.9.
- the Vickers hardness (HV) measured with the load of 10 gf becomes like this.
- HV Vickers hardness
- the nickel plating layer 12 on the surface which is the outer surface of the alkaline battery 2 in the surface-treated steel sheet 1 preferably has a dynamic friction coefficient measured under the conditions of a 6 mm diameter chrome steel ball, a load of 100 gf, a rotation radius of 10 mm, and 10 rotations. Is 0.45 or less, more preferably 0.40 or less.
- the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the surface of the nickel plating layer 12 is 10 nm or less, preferably 7 nm or less when a 1.0 ⁇ m ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ m region is measured with an atomic force microscope (AFM). is there.
- the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) obtained by measuring a 1.0 ⁇ m ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ m region indicates a micro surface roughness on the surface of the nickel plating layer 12, and constitutes the nickel plating layer 12.
- the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) in the 1.0 ⁇ m ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ m region By setting the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) in the 1.0 ⁇ m ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ m region to the above range, the hardness of the nickel plating layer 12 to be formed is increased, whereby the surface-treated steel sheet 1 and the press die are As a result, the press workability of the surface-treated steel sheet 1 is improved.
- the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the surface of the nickel plating layer 12 is preferably 120 nm or less, more preferably 110 nm or less, when an area of 50 ⁇ m ⁇ 50 ⁇ m is measured with an atomic force microscope (AFM). Preferably it is 100 nm or less.
- the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) obtained by measuring a 50 ⁇ m ⁇ 50 ⁇ m region indicates a macro surface roughness on the surface of the nickel plating layer 12.
- the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) in the region of 50 ⁇ m ⁇ 50 ⁇ m is affected by the roughness of the original steel plate, but by setting the above range, the hardness of the formed nickel plating layer 12 tends to be high. As a result, the dynamic friction coefficient between the surface-treated steel sheet 1 and the press die is lowered, and as a result, the press workability of the surface-treated steel sheet 1 is improved.
- the presence ratio of the 200 planes among the 111 plane, the 200 plane, the 220 plane, and the 311 plane is preferably more than 40%. More preferably, it is 50% or more.
- each integrated intensity of the peak based on each crystal plane is obtained, and each integrated intensity is obtained by a known correction value (111 plane is 1, 200 plane is 0.42, 220 plane is 0.21, 311 plane. 0.2), and then (200 plane integrated intensity / total of 111 plane, 200 plane, 220 plane, and 311 plane integrated intensity) is calculated to calculate 200 planes on the surface of the nickel plating layer 12.
- the existence ratio can be obtained.
- the inventors set the existence ratio of 200 surfaces of the formed nickel plating layer 12 within the above range, and the surface hardness of the nickel plating layer 12 As a result, it was found that the dynamic friction coefficient between the surface-treated steel sheet 1 and the press die thus obtained was further reduced. Therefore, the present inventors based on such knowledge, the nickel plating layer 12 formed on the outer surface side of the battery container has a higher surface hardness than the characteristics such as corrosion resistance, and press workability. As an example of a method for increasing the surface hardness of the nickel plating layer 12, the present inventors have found that the ratio of the 200 surfaces of the surface of the nickel plating layer 12 is preferably within the above range. .
- the method of setting the ratio of the 200 planes in the nickel plating layer 12 in the above range is not particularly limited.
- the bath temperature T and the current density D of the plating bath when forming the nickel plating layer 12 are in the above ranges, respectively.
- the method of making the nickel plating layer 12 semi-glossy is mentioned.
- Example 17 to be described later an example in which a semi-bright nickel plating layer 12 is formed with a bath temperature T of 70 ° C. and a current density D of 5 A / dm 2 ), the presence of 200 surfaces in the nickel plating layer 12 exists.
- Example 20 an example in which a semi-bright nickel plating layer 12 is formed with a bath temperature T of the plating bath of 60 ° C. and a current density D of 5 A / dm 2 ) described later, the nickel plating layer 12 The presence ratio of 200 planes in was 72%.
- the nickel plating layer 12 is formed on the steel plate 11 as described above.
- the nickel plating layer 12 may be formed directly on the steel plate 11, or a base layer is previously formed on the steel plate 11, and the nickel plating layer 12 is formed on the base layer. You may do it.
- the underlayer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an iron-nickel diffusion layer 14 of the surface-treated steel sheet 1b as shown in FIG.
- the iron-nickel diffusion layer 14 can be formed by heat-treating the steel plate 11 on which the nickel plating layer for the underlayer has been previously formed. That is, before forming the above-described nickel plating layer 12 on the steel plate 11, a nickel plating layer for the base layer is formed on the steel plate 11, and the steel plate 11 on which the nickel plating layer for the base layer is formed is heat-treated. Thus, the nickel plating layer for the underlayer can be thermally diffused, whereby the iron-nickel diffusion layer 14 can be formed.
- the nickel plating adhesion amount of the nickel plating layer for the underlayer is, for example, 1 to 9 g / m 2 , preferably 1 to 5 g / m 2
- the iron-nickel diffusion layer 14 is formed of the nickel plating for the underlayer.
- the iron may be diffused to the surface layer, and the nickel plating iron for the underlayer does not diffuse to the surface layer, and a part of the nickel plating layer for the underlayer remains softened by heat treatment on the surface layer. There may be.
- the nickel plating layer 12 is formed on the steel plate 11 via the iron-nickel diffusion layer 14.
- the adhesion of the nickel plating layer 12 to the steel plate 11 is further improved. Further, by forming the iron-nickel diffusion layer 14 as the base of the nickel plating layer 12, even when the thickness of the nickel plating layer 12 is reduced, the hardness of the nickel plating layer 12 can be made higher.
- the nickel-cobalt alloy plating layer 13 is a plating layer formed on the nickel plating layer 12 on the surface serving as the inner surface of the alkaline battery 2 by electrolytic plating using a nickel-cobalt alloy plating bath.
- the conductivity of the obtained surface-treated steel sheet 1 is further improved, and the alkaline battery obtained by processing this is processed.
- the battery performance of 2 is further improved.
- the nickel-cobalt alloy plating bath for forming the nickel-cobalt alloy plating layer 13 is not particularly limited. For example, it is based on a watt bath containing nickel sulfate, nickel chloride, cobalt sulfate and boric acid. A plating bath can be used.
- the cobalt / nickel ratio in the plating bath is preferably 0.10 to 0.29, more preferably 0.10 to 0.24 in terms of a cobalt / nickel molar ratio.
- the conditions for forming the nickel-cobalt alloy plating layer 13 are preferably a bath temperature of 40 to 80 ° C., a pH of 2.0 to 5.0, and a current density of 1 to 40 A / dm 2 .
- an edge mask is applied to the steel plate 11, and the nickel-cobalt alloy plating layer is formed on the nickel plating layer 12 on the outer surface of the alkaline battery 2. It is preferable that 13 is not formed.
- the thickness of the nickel-cobalt alloy plating layer 13 formed on the surface serving as the inner surface of the alkaline battery 2 is preferably 0.1 to 0.4 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.15 to 0.2 ⁇ m.
- the nickel-cobalt alloy plating layer 13 preferably has a thickness of 0 from the viewpoint of not inhibiting the effects of the present invention. 0.03 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.01 ⁇ m or less, and most preferably not formed.
- the surface-treated steel sheet 1 of the present embodiment is configured as described above.
- the surface-treated steel sheet 1 of this embodiment is a deep drawing method, a drawing ironing method (DI processing method), a drawing stretch processing method (DTR processing method), or a processing method that uses ironing together with drawing after stretching.
- DI processing method drawing ironing method
- DTR processing method drawing stretch processing method
- the positive electrode can 21 of the alkaline battery 2 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and the battery container of other batteries are molded and used.
- the surface-treated steel sheet 1 of the present embodiment is excellent in press workability as described above, it is possible to use a low-viscosity press oil having excellent degreasing properties when being molded into a battery container, It is possible to easily degrease the press oil after the molding process. That is, when the press oil has a high viscosity, it tends to be easy to prevent the press mold from being wrinkled, but it becomes difficult to degrease the press oil after press working. In the steel plate 1, even when a low-viscosity press oil is used, the press mold can be prevented from being wrinkled, so that the press oil after the press working can be easily degreased and washed.
- a steel plate for constituting the steel plate 11 is prepared, and the nickel plating layer 12 is formed on at least the outer surface side of the steel plate 11 by applying nickel plating to the steel plate 11 as described above.
- a nickel plating layer may be formed on the inner surface at the same time.
- plating baths having different compositions are provided on the surface of the steel plate 11 that is the outer surface of the alkaline battery 2 and the surface that is the inner surface of the alkaline battery 2.
- the nickel plating layers 12 having different compositions and surface roughnesses may be formed, but from the viewpoint of improving manufacturing efficiency, one step (one pass) using the same plating bath on both surfaces of the steel plate 11.
- the nickel plating layer 12 may be formed.
- the conditions of the plating process for forming the nickel plating layer 12 shall be the conditions which satisfy
- the steel plate 11 and the nickel plating layer 12 are not thermally diffused after the nickel plating layer 12 is formed. That is, since the iron constituting the steel plate 11 is lower in hardness than nickel, when the iron of the steel plate 11 is thermally diffused into the nickel plating layer 12, the hardness of the nickel plating layer 12 is lowered, and the press workability of the surface-treated steel plate 1 obtained is reduced. May decrease. Therefore, in this embodiment, after the nickel plating layer 12 is formed, the hardness of the nickel plating layer 12 may be increased by not performing the thermal diffusion treatment of the steel plate 11 or the nickel plating layer 12. This can improve the press workability of the surface-treated steel sheet 1.
- a nickel-cobalt alloy plating layer 13 is formed on the nickel plating layer 12 on the inner surface of the alkaline battery 2 by electrolytic plating using a nickel-cobalt alloy plating bath.
- the surface-treated steel sheet 1 shown in 3 is obtained.
- the surface-treated steel sheet 1 of this embodiment is manufactured.
- the nickel plating layer 12 is formed on the surface serving as the outer surface of the battery container by performing the plating process under the conditions satisfying the above formula (1) and the above formula (2).
- the surface hardness of the nickel plating layer 12 is increased, thereby reducing the dynamic friction coefficient between the nickel plating layer 12 and the press die.
- frictional heat generated when the surface-treated steel sheet 1 is pressed is suppressed, and fogging of the surface-treated steel sheet 1 and seizure and wrinkling of the press mold are effectively prevented.
- the press workability of No. 1 can be improved and consumption of the press die can be suppressed, and the life of the press die can be extended.
- the surface-treated steel sheet 1 of the present embodiment is suitably used as a battery container formed by pressing, for example, a battery using an alkaline electrolyte such as an alkaline battery or a nickel metal hydride battery, or a battery container such as a lithium ion battery. Can be used.
- a battery container formed by pressing for example, a battery using an alkaline electrolyte such as an alkaline battery or a nickel metal hydride battery, or a battery container such as a lithium ion battery. Can be used.
- the surface-treated steel sheet 1 of the present embodiment is a battery that is scheduled to be stored or mounted for a long period of time, in particular, a storage battery for use in an emergency such as an earthquake disaster, a remote control of an electrical product, a flashlight, etc. It can use suitably as a battery container of the battery used for.
- ⁇ Surface hardness> By measuring the Vickers hardness (HV) of the surface-treated steel sheet 1 by using a diamond indenter with a microhardness meter (manufactured by Akashi Seisakusho Co., Ltd., MVK-G2) under the conditions of load: 10 gf and holding time: 10 seconds. The surface hardness of the nickel plating layer 12 was measured.
- HV Vickers hardness
- ⁇ Dynamic friction coefficient> For the surface-treated steel sheet 1, a tribometer (manufactured by CSEM, contactor: SUJ-2 (chrome steel steel), contactor diameter 6 mm) was used under the conditions of load load: 100 gf, rotation radius 10 mm, rotation speed 10 rpm. The test was performed, and the dynamic friction coefficient of the nickel plating layer 12 was read from the recording chart after 10 rotations. The vertical load converted from the contact area after 10 rotations was 1 N / mm 2 .
- the surface treated steel sheet 1 was measured with a gloss meter (VG-2000, manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd.) to measure the gloss of the nickel plating layer 12.
- VG-2000 manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd.
- Example 1 A steel plate 11 obtained by annealing a cold rolled plate (thickness 0.25 mm) of low carbon aluminum killed steel was prepared as a substrate.
- the nickel plating layer 12 was used in an area of 1.0 ⁇ m ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ m by using an atomic force microscope (Dimmerion icon manufactured by Bruker AXS Co., Ltd.). When the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the surface of was measured, it was 4.54 nm.
- Example 2 and 3 The surface-treated steel sheet 1 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the bath temperature and current density of electrolytic plating when forming the nickel plating layer 12 were changed as shown in Table 1, and evaluated in the same manner. . The results are shown in Table 1.
- Comparative Examples 1 to 3 The surface-treated steel sheet 1 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the bath temperature and current density of electrolytic plating when forming the nickel plating layer 12 were changed as shown in Table 1, and evaluated in the same manner. . The results are shown in Table 1.
- Examples 4 to 7 The electrolytic plating bath temperature and current density when forming the nickel plating layer 12 are changed as shown in Table 2, and the electroplating energization is performed so that the thickness of the formed nickel plating layer 12 is 1.5 ⁇ m.
- a surface-treated steel sheet 1 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the time was adjusted, and evaluated in the same manner. The results are shown in Table 2.
- the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the surface of the nickel plating layer 12 in the region of 1.0 ⁇ m ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ m. ) Were 5.65 nm (Example 4), 6.90 nm (Example 5), 10.00 nm (Example 6) and 7.79 nm (Example 7), respectively.
- Comparative Examples 4 to 6 The electrolytic plating bath temperature and current density when forming the nickel plating layer 12 are changed as shown in Table 2, and the electroplating energization is performed so that the thickness of the formed nickel plating layer 12 is 1.5 ⁇ m.
- a surface-treated steel sheet 1 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the time was adjusted, and evaluated in the same manner. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Examples 8 to 11 While changing the bath temperature and current density of the electrolytic plating when forming the nickel plating layer 12 as shown in Table 3, energization of the electrolytic plating so that the thickness of the formed nickel plating layer 12 is 2.0 ⁇ m.
- a surface-treated steel sheet 1 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the time was adjusted, and evaluated in the same manner. The results are shown in Table 3.
- the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the surface of the nickel plating layer 12 was measured in the region of 50 ⁇ m ⁇ 50 ⁇ m using the above atomic force microscope. However, they were 93.20 nm (Example 8) and 80.40 nm (Example 9), respectively. Images obtained by measuring an area of 50 ⁇ m ⁇ 50 ⁇ m are shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B. Further, for the surface-treated steel sheet 1 obtained in Examples 8 to 10, using the above-described atomic force microscope, the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the surface of the nickel plating layer 12 in the region of 1.0 ⁇ m ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ m. ) Were 8.85 nm (Example 8), 4.95 nm (Example 9) and 8.56 nm (Example 10), respectively.
- the surface of the nickel plating layer 12 of the surface-treated steel sheet 1 obtained in Examples 8 and 9 was measured using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) (manufactured by JEOL Ltd., JSM-7100F). Images obtained by measurement are shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B.
- SEM scanning electron microscope
- a gray part shows the nickel particle
- a black part shows the clearance gap between nickel particles.
- Comparative Examples 7 to 10 While changing the bath temperature and current density of the electrolytic plating when forming the nickel plating layer 12 as shown in Table 3, energization of the electrolytic plating so that the thickness of the formed nickel plating layer 12 is 2.0 ⁇ m.
- a surface-treated steel sheet 1 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the time was adjusted, and evaluated in the same manner. The results are shown in Table 3.
- the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the surface of the nickel plating layer 12 was measured in the region of 50 ⁇ m ⁇ 50 ⁇ m using the atomic force microscope. However, they were 115.00 nm (Comparative Example 9) and 124.00 nm (Comparative Example 10), respectively. Images obtained by measuring an area of 50 ⁇ m ⁇ 50 ⁇ m are shown in FIGS. 5C and 5D.
- the surface of the nickel plating layer 12 of the surface-treated steel sheet 1 obtained in Comparative Examples 9 and 10 was measured using the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Images obtained by measurement are shown in FIGS. 6C and 6D.
- a gray part shows the nickel particle
- Examples 12 to 15 The electrolytic plating bath temperature and current density when forming the nickel plating layer 12 are changed as shown in Table 4, and the electroplating energization is performed so that the thickness of the formed nickel plating layer 12 is 2.5 ⁇ m.
- a surface-treated steel sheet 1 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the time was adjusted, and evaluated in the same manner. The results are shown in Table 4.
- Comparative Examples 11-14 >> The electrolytic plating bath temperature and current density when forming the nickel plating layer 12 are changed as shown in Table 4, and the electroplating energization is performed so that the thickness of the formed nickel plating layer 12 is 2.5 ⁇ m.
- a surface-treated steel sheet 1 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the time was adjusted, and evaluated in the same manner. The results are shown in Table 4.
- Examples 16 to 19 The electroplating bath temperature and current density when forming the nickel plating layer 12 are changed as shown in Table 5, and the electroplating energization is performed so that the thickness of the formed nickel plating layer 12 is 3.0 ⁇ m.
- a surface-treated steel sheet 1 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the time was adjusted, and evaluated in the same manner. The results are shown in Table 5.
- the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the surface of the nickel plating layer 12 in the region of 1.0 ⁇ m ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ m. ) Were measured to be 2.16 nm (Example 17) and 6.83 nm (Example 18), respectively.
- Comparative Examples 15 to 17 >> The electroplating bath temperature and current density when forming the nickel plating layer 12 are changed as shown in Table 5, and the electroplating energization is performed so that the thickness of the formed nickel plating layer 12 is 3.0 ⁇ m.
- a surface-treated steel sheet 1 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the time was adjusted, and evaluated in the same manner. The results are shown in Table 5.
- Comparative Examples 18-25 The electrolytic plating bath temperature and current density when forming the nickel plating layer 12 are changed as shown in Table 6, and the electroplating energization is performed so that the thickness of the formed nickel plating layer 12 is 0.5 ⁇ m.
- a surface-treated steel sheet 1 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the time was adjusted, and evaluated in the same manner. The results are shown in Table 6.
- the surface-treated steel sheet 1 of 19 had a higher surface hardness and a dynamic friction coefficient equal to or less than that of the surface-treated steel sheets 1 of Comparative Examples 1 to 17 in which the thickness of the nickel plating layer 12 was the same. That is, when Examples 1 to 3 in Table 1 in which the thickness of the nickel plating layer 12 is 1.0 ⁇ m are compared with Comparative Examples 1 to 3, Examples 1 to 3 have a surface hardness higher than that of Comparative Examples 1 to 3. Was high and the coefficient of dynamic friction was low.
- the nickel-plated layers 12 of the surface-treated steel sheets 1 of Examples 1 to 19 were confirmed to be semi-gloss because the glossiness was 150 or more and 300 or less. Further, as shown in FIGS.
- the nickel plating layer 12 of the surface-treated steel sheet 1 of Examples 8 and 9 has a gap between the nickel particles (black in the image) as compared with Comparative Examples 9 and 10. Part) is filled with nickel particles (gray part in the image), that is, the gaps between the nickel particles are smoothed, thereby increasing the surface hardness of the nickel plating layer 12. It is thought that.
- Example 20 A steel plate 11 obtained by annealing a cold rolled plate (thickness 0.25 mm) of low carbon aluminum killed steel was prepared as a substrate.
- the surface of the steel plate 11 is subjected to electrolytic plating under the following conditions in a plating bath obtained by adding a semi-brightening agent containing acid, 0.3 ml / L formaldehyde and 0.064 ml / L methanol to the following base composition bath.
- the surface-treated steel sheet 1 in which the nickel plating layer 12 was formed on the steel plate 11 was obtained by forming the nickel plating layer 12 having a thickness of 2.0 ⁇ m.
- Base bath composition nickel sulfate 250 g / L, nickel chloride 45 g / L, boric acid 45 g / L pH: 4.3 Bath temperature: 60 ° C Current density: 5 A / dm 2
- Examples 21 to 25 The surface-treated steel sheet 1 was produced in the same manner as in Example 20 except that the bath temperature and current density of the electrolytic plating when forming the nickel plating layer 12 were changed as shown in Table 7, and were evaluated in the same manner. . The results are shown in Table 7.
- Comparative Examples 26 to 28 >> The surface-treated steel sheet 1 was produced in the same manner as in Example 20 except that the bath temperature and current density of the electrolytic plating when forming the nickel plating layer 12 were changed as shown in Table 7, and were evaluated in the same manner. . The results are shown in Table 7.
- the nickel plating layer 12 was formed by performing plating on the surface serving as the outer surface of the battery container under the conditions satisfying the above formulas (1) and (2).
- the surface-treated steel sheet 1 has a higher surface hardness than the surface-treated steel sheets 1 of Comparative Examples 26 to 28 in which the nickel plating layer 12 has the same thickness, and thus has a low dynamic friction coefficient. it is conceivable that.
- the surface-treated steel sheet 1 of Example 20 had a low coefficient of dynamic friction of 0.11.
- the nickel-plated layers 12 of the surface-treated steel sheets 1 of Examples 20 to 25 all have a glossiness of 150 or more and 300 or less, and thus were confirmed to be semi-glossy.
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Abstract
Description
T/D≧6.0 ・・・(1)
X≧-0.5×T/D+4.5 ・・・(2)
(上記式(1)および上記式(2)中、Tは前記めっき処理に用いるめっき浴の浴温(℃)(だたし、60≦T≦80)、Dは前記めっき処理を行う際の電流密度(A/dm2)(ただし、1≦D≦10)、Xは形成する前記ニッケルめっき層の厚み(μm)(ただし、1.0≦X))
本発明の製造方法において、前記ニッケルめっき層を形成する前に、前記鋼板上に鉄-ニッケル拡散層を形成し、前記ニッケルめっき層を、前記鉄-ニッケル拡散層を介して、前記鋼板における少なくとも電池容器の外面側となる面に形成することが好ましい。
本発明の電池容器用表面処理鋼板において、接触子6mm直径のクロムスチール球、100gf荷重、回転半径10mm、10回転の条件で測定した場合における前記ニッケルめっき層の表面の動摩擦係数が0.45以下であることが好ましい。
本発明の電池容器用表面処理鋼板において、前記ニッケルめっき層は、結晶面方位の111面、200面、220面および311面の中での200面の存在割合が40%超であることが好ましい。
また、本発明によれば、上述した電池容器を備える電池が提供される。
本実施形態の鋼板11としては、成形加工性に優れているものであればよく特に限定されないが、例えば、低炭素アルミキルド鋼(炭素量0.01~0.15重量%)、炭素量が0.003重量%以下の極低炭素鋼、又は極低炭素鋼にTiやNbなどを添加してなる非時効性極低炭素鋼を用いることができる。
ニッケルめっき層12は、上述した鋼板11にニッケルめっきを施すことにより鋼板11の少なくとも外面側となる面、または両主面に形成される、半光沢のニッケルめっき層である。
T/D≧6.0 ・・・(1)
X≧-0.5×T/D+4.5 ・・・(2)
(上記式(1)および上記式(2)中、Tは前記めっき処理に用いるめっき浴の浴温(℃)(だたし、60≦T≦80)、Dは前記めっき処理を行う際の電流密度(A/dm2)(だたし、1≦D≦10)、Xは形成する前記ニッケルめっき層の厚み(μm)(ただし、1.0≦X))
X≧-0.5×T/D+5.0 ・・・(3)
形成するニッケルめっき層12の厚みXを上記範囲とすることにより、形成されるニッケルめっき層12の硬度が高くなり、これにより、表面処理鋼板1とプレス金型との動摩擦係数が低下して、その結果、表面処理鋼板1のプレス加工性が向上する。
ニッケル-コバルト合金めっき層13は、ニッケル-コバルト合金めっき浴を用いた電解めっきにより、アルカリ電池2の内面となる面のニッケルめっき層12に形成されるめっき層である。本実施形態では、アルカリ電池2の内面となる面にニッケル-コバルト合金めっき層13を形成することにより、得られる表面処理鋼板1の導電性がより向上し、これを加工して得られるアルカリ電池2の電池性能がより向上する。
次いで、本実施形態の表面処理鋼板1の製造方法について、説明する。
なお、各特性の評価方法は、以下のとおりである。
表面処理鋼板1について、微小硬度計(株式会社明石製作所製、MVK-G2)により、ダイヤモンド圧子を用いて、荷重:10gf、保持時間:10秒の条件でビッカース硬度(HV)を測定することにより、ニッケルめっき層12の表面硬度の測定を行った。
表面処理鋼板1について、トライボメータ(CSEM社製、接触子:SUJ-2(クロムスチール鋼)、接触子の直径6mm)を用いて、負荷荷重:100gf、回転半径10mm、回転速度10rpmの条件で試験を行い、10回転後の記録チャートからニッケルめっき層12の動摩擦係数を読み取った。10回転後の接触面積から換算した垂直荷重は1N/mm2の条件であった。
表面処理鋼板1について、光沢計(日本電色工業株式会社製、VG-2000)を用いて測定することにより、ニッケルめっき層12の光沢度の測定を行った。
基体として、低炭素アルミキルド鋼の冷間圧延板(厚さ0.25mm)を焼鈍して得られた鋼板11を準備した。
ベース浴組成:硫酸ニッケル250g/L、塩化ニッケル45g/L、ホウ酸45g/L
pH:4.3
浴温:60℃
電流密度:5A/dm2
ニッケルめっき層12を形成する際の電解めっきの浴温および電流密度を表1に示すように変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして表面処理鋼板1を作製し、同様に評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
ニッケルめっき層12を形成する際の電解めっきの浴温および電流密度を表1に示すように変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして表面処理鋼板1を作製し、同様に評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
ニッケルめっき層12を形成する際の電解めっきの浴温および電流密度を表2に示すように変更するとともに、形成されるニッケルめっき層12の厚みが1.5μmとなるように、電解めっきの通電時間を調整した以外は、実施例1と同様にして表面処理鋼板1を作製し、同様に評価を行った。結果を表2に示す。
ニッケルめっき層12を形成する際の電解めっきの浴温および電流密度を表2に示すように変更するとともに、形成されるニッケルめっき層12の厚みが1.5μmとなるように、電解めっきの通電時間を調整した以外は、実施例1と同様にして表面処理鋼板1を作製し、同様に評価を行った。結果を表2に示す。
ニッケルめっき層12を形成する際の電解めっきの浴温および電流密度を表3に示すように変更するとともに、形成されるニッケルめっき層12の厚みが2.0μmとなるように、電解めっきの通電時間を調整した以外は、実施例1と同様にして表面処理鋼板1を作製し、同様に評価を行った。結果を表3に示す。
ニッケルめっき層12を形成する際の電解めっきの浴温および電流密度を表3に示すように変更するとともに、形成されるニッケルめっき層12の厚みが2.0μmとなるように、電解めっきの通電時間を調整した以外は、実施例1と同様にして表面処理鋼板1を作製し、同様に評価を行った。結果を表3に示す。
ニッケルめっき層12を形成する際の電解めっきの浴温および電流密度を表4に示すように変更するとともに、形成されるニッケルめっき層12の厚みが2.5μmとなるように、電解めっきの通電時間を調整した以外は、実施例1と同様にして表面処理鋼板1を作製し、同様に評価を行った。結果を表4に示す。
ニッケルめっき層12を形成する際の電解めっきの浴温および電流密度を表4に示すように変更するとともに、形成されるニッケルめっき層12の厚みが2.5μmとなるように、電解めっきの通電時間を調整した以外は、実施例1と同様にして表面処理鋼板1を作製し、同様に評価を行った。結果を表4に示す。
ニッケルめっき層12を形成する際の電解めっきの浴温および電流密度を表5に示すように変更するとともに、形成されるニッケルめっき層12の厚みが3.0μmとなるように、電解めっきの通電時間を調整した以外は、実施例1と同様にして表面処理鋼板1を作製し、同様に評価を行った。結果を表5に示す。
ニッケルめっき層12を形成する際の電解めっきの浴温および電流密度を表5に示すように変更するとともに、形成されるニッケルめっき層12の厚みが3.0μmとなるように、電解めっきの通電時間を調整した以外は、実施例1と同様にして表面処理鋼板1を作製し、同様に評価を行った。結果を表5に示す。
ニッケルめっき層12を形成する際の電解めっきの浴温および電流密度を表6に示すように変更するとともに、形成されるニッケルめっき層12の厚みが0.5μmとなるように、電解めっきの通電時間を調整した以外は、実施例1と同様にして表面処理鋼板1を作製し、同様に評価を行った。結果を表6に示す。
なお、実施例1~19の表面処理鋼板1のニッケルめっき層12は、いずれも光沢度が150以上、かつ300以下であったため、半光沢であることが確認された。
また、図6A~図6Dに示すように、実施例8,9の表面処理鋼板1のニッケルめっき層12は、比較例9,10と比較して、ニッケルの粒子間の隙間(画像中の黒い部分)が、ニッケルの粒子(画像中の灰色部分)によって埋められており、すなわち、ニッケルの粒子間の隙間の溝が平滑化されており、これにより、ニッケルめっき層12の表面硬度が高くなっていると考えられる。
また、表6に示すように、ニッケルめっき層12の厚みを1.0μm未満とした比較例18~25の表面処理鋼板1は、いずれも表面硬度が比較的低く、動摩擦係数が比較的高かった。
基体として、低炭素アルミキルド鋼の冷間圧延板(厚さ0.25mm)を焼鈍して得られた鋼板11を準備した。
ベース浴組成:硫酸ニッケル250g/L、塩化ニッケル45g/L、ホウ酸45g/L
pH:4.3
浴温:60℃
電流密度:5A/dm2
ニッケルめっき層12を形成する際の電解めっきの浴温および電流密度を表7に示すように変更した以外は、実施例20と同様にして表面処理鋼板1を作製し、同様に評価を行った。結果を表7に示す。
ニッケルめっき層12を形成する際の電解めっきの浴温および電流密度を表7に示すように変更した以外は、実施例20と同様にして表面処理鋼板1を作製し、同様に評価を行った。結果を表7に示す。
なお、実施例20~25の表面処理鋼板1のニッケルめっき層12は、いずれも光沢度が150以上、かつ300以下であったため、半光沢であることが確認された。
11…鋼板
12…ニッケルめっき層
13…ニッケル-コバルト合金めっき層
14…鉄-ニッケル拡散層
2…アルカリ電池
21…正極缶
211…正極端子
22…負極端子
23…正極合剤
24…負極合剤
25…セパレータ
26…集電体
27…ガスケット
28…絶縁リング
29…外装
Claims (10)
- 鋼板における少なくとも電池容器の外面側となる面に、電解めっきにより、半光沢のニッケルめっき層を形成する電池容器用表面処理鋼板の製造方法において、
下記式(1)および下記式(2)を満たす条件でめっき処理を行うことで、前記ニッケルめっき層を形成する電池容器用表面処理鋼板の製造方法。
T/D≧6.0 ・・・(1)
X≧-0.5×T/D+4.5 ・・・(2)
(上記式(1)および上記式(2)中、Tは前記めっき処理に用いるめっき浴の浴温(℃)(だたし、60≦T≦80)、Dは前記めっき処理を行う際の電流密度(A/dm2)(だたし、1≦D≦10)、Xは形成する前記ニッケルめっき層の厚み(μm)(ただし、1.0≦X)) - 前記ニッケルめっき層を形成した後には、前記ニッケルめっき層の熱拡散処理を行わない請求項1に記載の電池容器用表面処理鋼板の製造方法。
- 前記ニッケルめっき層を形成する前に、前記鋼板上に鉄-ニッケル拡散層を形成し、
前記ニッケルめっき層を、前記鉄-ニッケル拡散層を介して、前記鋼板における少なくとも電池容器の外面側となる面に形成する請求項1または2に記載の電池容器用表面処理鋼板の製造方法。 - 鋼板における少なくとも電池容器の外面側となる面の最表面に、半光沢のニッケルめっき層を有する電池容器用表面処理鋼板であって、
原子間力顕微鏡(AFM)により1.0μm×1.0μmの領域で測定した場合における前記ニッケルめっき層の表面の算術平均粗さ(Ra)が、10nm以下である電池容器用表面処理鋼板。 - 前記ニッケルめっき層の厚みが1.0~3.0μmである請求項4に記載の電池容器用表面処理鋼板。
- 接触子6mm直径のクロムスチール球、100gf荷重、回転半径10mm、10回転の条件で測定した場合における前記ニッケルめっき層の表面の動摩擦係数が0.45以下である請求項4または5に記載の電池容器用表面処理鋼板。
- 前記ニッケルめっき層は、結晶面方位の111面、200面、220面および311面の中での200面の存在割合が40%超である請求項4~6の何れか一項に記載の電池容器用表面処理鋼板。
- 前記鋼板と前記ニッケルめっき層との間に鉄-ニッケル拡散層をさらに有する請求項4~7の何れか一項に記載の電池容器用表面処理鋼板。
- 請求項4~8の何れか一項に記載の電池容器用表面処理鋼板を備える電池容器。
- 請求項9に記載の電池容器を備える電池。
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| KR1020197007831A KR102479919B1 (ko) | 2016-09-13 | 2017-09-13 | 전지 용기용 표면 처리 강판의 제조 방법 |
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| CN113166966A (zh) * | 2018-12-27 | 2021-07-23 | 日本制铁株式会社 | 加工后耐腐蚀性优异的镀镍钢板及镀镍钢板的制造方法 |
| CN113881991A (zh) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-01-04 | 山东省路桥集团有限公司 | 钢结构桥梁涂装前处理方法 |
| US20220235482A1 (en) * | 2019-04-27 | 2022-07-28 | Toyo Kohan Co., Ltd. | Surface-treated steel sheet and production method therefor |
| WO2025206407A1 (ja) * | 2024-03-29 | 2025-10-02 | 東洋鋼鈑株式会社 | Niめっき表面処理鋼板、電池容器、およびNiめっき表面処理鋼板の製造方法 |
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| DE102019135382A1 (de) | 2019-12-20 | 2021-06-24 | Audi Ag | Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Traktionsbatterie eines Kraftfahrzeugs sowie entsprechende Herstellungseinrichtung |
| CN114221068B (zh) * | 2021-12-14 | 2024-03-19 | 四川长虹新能源科技股份有限公司 | 碱性电池壳及其表面处理方法 |
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| CN113881991A (zh) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-01-04 | 山东省路桥集团有限公司 | 钢结构桥梁涂装前处理方法 |
| CN113881991B (zh) * | 2021-11-19 | 2023-08-11 | 山东省路桥集团有限公司 | 钢结构桥梁涂装前处理方法 |
| WO2025206407A1 (ja) * | 2024-03-29 | 2025-10-02 | 東洋鋼鈑株式会社 | Niめっき表面処理鋼板、電池容器、およびNiめっき表面処理鋼板の製造方法 |
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| JP7187313B2 (ja) | 2022-12-12 |
| DE112017004606T5 (de) | 2019-08-29 |
| CN109689942A (zh) | 2019-04-26 |
| KR20190049738A (ko) | 2019-05-09 |
| KR102479919B1 (ko) | 2022-12-20 |
| JPWO2018052009A1 (ja) | 2019-06-24 |
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