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WO2017202004A1 - 一种用于慢性皮肤创伤的双层聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体敷料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种用于慢性皮肤创伤的双层聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体敷料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017202004A1
WO2017202004A1 PCT/CN2016/109352 CN2016109352W WO2017202004A1 WO 2017202004 A1 WO2017202004 A1 WO 2017202004A1 CN 2016109352 W CN2016109352 W CN 2016109352W WO 2017202004 A1 WO2017202004 A1 WO 2017202004A1
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polysiloxane
dressing
reaction
supramolecular
supramolecular elastomer
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French (fr)
Inventor
张安强
犹阳
黄炜妍
马一瑗
林雅铃
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L15/00Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
    • A61L15/16Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
    • A61L15/22Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons containing macromolecular materials
    • A61L15/26Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L15/00Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
    • A61L15/16Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
    • A61L15/42Use of materials characterised by their function or physical properties
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G83/00Macromolecular compounds not provided for in groups C08G2/00 - C08G81/00
    • C08G83/008Supramolecular polymers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2400/00Materials characterised by their function or physical properties
    • A61L2400/16Materials with shape-memory or superelastic properties

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of biomaterials for synthesizing polymers, and particularly relates to a double-layer polysiloxane supramolecular elastomer dressing for chronic skin wound and preparation thereof .
  • the wound infection rate of a wet environment using a sealed dressing is 2.6%, while the dry environment infection rate under a traditional gauze dressing is as high as 7.1%.
  • the clinical application of dressings that can achieve wet healing has received attention.
  • the wound dressing should also have a certain absorption capacity to remove excess exudate from the wound, and good breathability.
  • gauze dressings and foam dressings are still the main ones.
  • the former is difficult to provide a good wet healing environment for the wounds, the latter is opaque, and the dressings must be uncovered to observe the wounds.
  • the healing situation, frequent dressing changes during this treatment and care process both aggravate the patient's pain and increase the workload of care. Therefore, the desire for clinical dressings that meet the above requirements is very eager.
  • the present invention provides a two-layer polysiloxane supramolecular elastomer dressing for chronic skin wounds, and aims to provide a chronic wound for skin that meets the viscosity requirement. Double-layer polysiloxane supramolecular elastomer dressing and preparation method thereof .
  • One kind Preparation of a two-layer polysiloxane supramolecular elastomer dressing for chronic skin wounds comprising synthesis of a silicone supramolecular elastomeric substrate, synthesis of a silicone supramolecular elastomeric adhesive layer, and dissolution
  • the method of coating prepares a silicone supramolecular elastomeric dressing having a two-layer structure.
  • a method for preparing a two-layer polysiloxane supramolecular elastomer dressing for chronic skin wound comprising the steps of:
  • the catalyst is an aqueous solution of 80 to 90 wt% sulfuric acid.
  • the catalyst in step (2) is a Karstedt catalyst.
  • the catalyst in step (3) is 98 wt% concentrated sulfuric acid.
  • the solvent in the steps (5), (6), (7) is chloroform or dichloromethane.
  • the amount of the catalyst in the step (1) is 2 to 4% by mass of the octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane.
  • the molar ratio of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane to 1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane in step (1) is 1: (5 ⁇ 15) ).
  • Step (2) The molar ratio of the terminal hydrogen polysiloxane to the tert-butyl methacrylate is 1 : 2.4.
  • the amount of the catalyst in the step (2) is 0.5% by mass of the terminal hydrogen polysiloxane.
  • the amount of the catalyst in the step (3) is 1 to 2% by mass of the terminal ester-based polysiloxane.
  • Step (5) the molar ratio of the siloxane oligomer to hexyl diisocyanate is 1: (0.45 ⁇ 0.475);
  • the amount of the solvent in the steps (5) and (6) is 2 to 3 times the mass of the siloxane oligomer.
  • the concentration of the adhesive layer solution in the step (7) is 10 wt%.
  • the terminal carboxypolysiloxane, 1-(2-aminoethyl)-2- The molar ratio of imidazolinone to diethylenetriamine is 1 : 0.2 : 0.9 .
  • the reaction described in the step (1) is carried out at room temperature for 20 hours.
  • Step (2) in the reaction is 80 o C under nitrogen the reaction 5 ⁇ 8h.
  • Step (3) in the reaction is 4 ⁇ 6h the reaction at 80 o C.
  • Step (4) The middle carboxypolysiloxane is reacted with 1-(2-aminoethyl)-2-imidazolidinone under a nitrogen atmosphere at 160 o C for 2 ⁇ 3 h. After the reaction is completed, the obtained product is again at 140 o. C reacted with diethylenetriamine for 5 ⁇ 6h under nitrogen atmosphere;
  • the reaction described in the step (5) is carried out at room temperature for 3 to 5 hours.
  • the reaction described in the step (6) is that the siloxane oligomer containing a secondary amino group is first reacted with m-tolyl isocyanate at room temperature for 2 hours. The obtained product was further reacted with hexyl diisocyanate at room temperature for 3 h;
  • the hot press forming time described in step (7) is hot press forming at 120 ⁇ 140 o C for 10 ⁇ 20min.
  • the cold press setting time described in the step (7) is cold press set at room temperature for 10 min.
  • the thickness of the supramolecular elastomer base film described in the step (7) is 5 to 10 mm.
  • step (7) the drying conditions are 40 o C ⁇ 50 o C and dried for 12 h.
  • the number average molecular weight of the terminal hydrogen polysiloxane obtained in the step (1) is between 1.6 ⁇ 10 3 and 4.6 ⁇ 10 3 .
  • a two-layer polysiloxane supramolecular elastomer dressing for chronic skin wounds prepared by the above-described preparation method.
  • the mechanism of the invention is: A silicone supramolecular elastomer having a single structure is difficult to achieve both high strength and high viscosity. When it is used as a wound dressing, in order to ensure adhesion to normal skin, it is often encountered that the overall strength of the dressing is low and it is easy to be unnecessarily bonded to the outside.
  • the present invention provides a class of hydrogen-based bonds having a two-layer structure in view of the deficiencies of existing dressings. - Flexible transparent dressing of covalently mixed cross-linked polysiloxane supramolecular elastomer ( DLF ).
  • the degree of covalent crosslinking of the supramolecular elastomer is controlled, so that the outer layer of the dressing has high crosslinking degree and high strength, and the inner layer has low crosslinking degree and high viscosity.
  • Compounded DLF The film dressing has good water absorption, vapor permeability, biocompatibility and bacterial barrier property, and its use for chronic skin wound dressing is beneficial to resist bacterial infection, promote tissue growth and regeneration, and accelerate wound healing.
  • the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
  • Supramolecular elastomer HSE-A and HSE-B use hydrogen bonding -
  • the method of covalent bonding and cross-linking replaces the traditional covalent cross-linking, and the material structure can be adjusted to adjust the elasticity and viscosity of the material while maintaining good transparency, water absorption, vapor permeability and biocompatibility.
  • the two kinds of films were prepared from the same prepolymers, and different mixed isocyanates were used as curing agents to prepare supramolecular elastomers with different degrees of covalent crosslinking.
  • Completely cured with hexyl diisocyanate HSE-A film has the characteristics of high cross-linking property, good mechanical properties and low viscosity, and is suitable as a substrate for double-layer dressing.
  • HSE-B obtained by curing with hexyl diisocyanate / m-tolyl isocyanate mixed curing agent
  • the film has the characteristics of low crosslinking degree and high viscosity, and can provide sufficient viscosity without impairing the overall strength of the double-layer film. Due to HSE-B The degree of covalent crosslinking is low, and it can still be partially dissolved in an organic solvent, so that a composite film can be prepared by solution coating. DLF
  • the dressing can not only provide a clean moist healing environment for chronic refractory skin wounds, but also directly observe the healing process of the wound, prolong the dressing interval, and reduce the risk of suffering and infection.
  • Figure 1 is a graph showing the results of cytotoxicity (culture time 24 h) of DLF films prepared in Examples 1 to 3.
  • Figure 2 is a graph showing the results of cytotoxicity (culture time 48 h) of DLF films prepared in Examples 1 to 3.
  • Example 3 is 1 to 3 prepared in DLF film, 3M Tegaderm TM film and the healing rate of the test results back to FIG full-thickness skin wounds in rats in Vaseline gauze wound care.
  • Figure 4 is a chemical reaction route diagram of the DLF film prepared in Examples 1 to 3.
  • the reagents used in the present invention are commercially available.
  • Example 1 Preparation of a Skin Wound Dressing (DLF-1) having a two-layer structure based on a polysiloxane supramolecular elastomer:
  • HSE-A dry sample is hot pressed at 130 °C for 15 min. Then, it was cold-pressed at room temperature for 10 minutes to obtain a supramolecular elastomer base film having a thickness of 10 mm.
  • HSE-B was dissolved in dichloromethane to give a solvent concentration of 10% by weight. Will The HSE-B solvent is uniformly coated on the supramolecular elastomer substrate film and dried in a 40 °C oven for 12 hours to obtain a double-layer polysiloxane supramolecular elastomer dressing for chronic skin wounds (DLF- 1 ).
  • Example 2 Preparation of a skin wound dressing (DLF-2) having a two-layer structure based on a polysiloxane supramolecular elastomer:
  • HSE-A dry sample is hot pressed at 130 °C for 15 min. Then, it was cold-pressed at room temperature for 10 minutes to obtain a supramolecular elastomer base film having a thickness of 7 mm.
  • HSE-B was dissolved in dichloromethane to give a solvent concentration of 10% by weight. Will The HSE-B solvent is uniformly coated on the supramolecular elastomer substrate film and dried in a 40 °C oven for 12 hours to obtain a double-layer polysiloxane supramolecular elastomer dressing for chronic skin wounds (DLF- 2 ).
  • Example 3 Preparation of a skin wound dressing (DLF-3) having a two-layer structure based on a polysiloxane supramolecular elastomer:
  • mTI m-toluene isocyanate
  • the reaction was carried out for 2 h, and then hexyl diisocyanate (HDI) was added at room temperature for 3 h.
  • the crude product obtained by the reaction was distilled off under reduced pressure at 60 ° C to remove a portion of chloroform, and then vacuum dried at 80 ° C for 24 hours to obtain a HSE-B dried sample.
  • HSE-A dry sample is hot pressed at 130 °C for 15 min. Then, it was cold-pressed at room temperature for 10 minutes to obtain a supramolecular elastomer base film having a thickness of 5 mm.
  • HSE-B was dissolved in chloroform to prepare a solvent having a concentration of 10% by weight.
  • HSE-B The solvent is uniformly coated on the supramolecular elastomer substrate film and dried in an oven at 50 ° C for 12 hours to obtain a double-layer polysiloxane supramolecular elastomer dressing for chronic skin wounds ( DLF-3 ).
  • the molecular chain length of the raw material polysiloxane can be adjusted, thereby controlling the hydrogen bond density and the crosslink density in the double-layer dressing substrate, and preparing a base having different mechanical properties. material.
  • the ratio of HDI to mTI in the curing agent in step (6) the degree of covalent crosslinking of the supramolecular elastomer can be adjusted to prepare adhesive layers with different viscosities.
  • the water absorption test measures the mass of water absorbed by the film when the double-layer dressing substrate HSE-A elastomer reaches equilibrium in distilled water.
  • the test temperature is 37 ° C and the relative humidity is 80%.
  • the sample was immersed in distilled water, and after a while, it was taken out, and excess water was taken up on the surface of the film with a filter paper, and the mass was weighed.
  • the water absorption rate (A W ) is calculated as follows:
  • W e and W d respectively represent the balance quality of the water absorption of the film and the quality at the time of drying.
  • Table 1 shows that the supramolecular elastomer substrate HSE-A in Examples 1 to 3 has better water absorption performance than the 3M Tegaderm TM film, which is advantageous for absorbing liquid at the wound when used as a substrate for a double layer dressing.
  • the vapor permeability is a measure of the ability of the two-layer dressing substrate HSE-A elastomer to permeate water vapor.
  • the test procedure is as follows: 10 mL of distilled water is placed in a glass vial with an inner diameter of 18 mm, and the thickness is The sample film covers the mouth of the bottle, and the interface is sealed with a sealing glue to ensure no air leakage at the interface. The sample was placed in a constant temperature and humidity environment (temperature: 37 ° C, relative humidity: 30%), and the weighing was periodically taken out to calculate the weight loss.
  • the water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) is used to characterize the vapor permeability of the film. The WVTR is calculated as follows:
  • the WVTR unit is: g/(m2 ⁇ d).
  • D S is the absorbance value of the test sample
  • D pc is the absorbance of the positive control
  • D nc is the absorbance of the negative control.
  • the DLF double dressings in Examples 1 to 3 exhibited a hemolysis rate of less than 5%. , in line with the requirements of biomedical materials in terms of blood compatibility.
  • the tack of the film was characterized by the peel force after bonding between the test film and the smooth glass sheet (sulfuric acid surface treatment).
  • the film was cut into strips of 10 mm ⁇ 60 mm strips, and one side of the strip was attached to a smooth glass piece, and a certain pressure was applied to make the film and the glass piece closely adhere to each other and placed in an oven at 37 ° C for 2 hours.
  • the sample was previously soaked in distilled water at 37 °C for 12 h when the sample was viscous after water absorption. Cytotoxicity test:
  • the data in Table 1 shows that in Examples 1-3, the substrate HSE-A of the double-layer dressing did not show significant adhesion, while the dried adhesive layer HSE-B showed significant adhesion. , near or above its viscosity 3M Tegaderm TM film. After the water absorption, the adhesion of the adhesive layer HSE-B in Examples 1 to 3 was significantly decreased. It shows that DLF double-layer dressing can be closely bonded to the dry surface and low viscosity to the wet surface. As a wound dressing application, it can adhere to the normal skin around the wound, but not to the wound and the new tissue. .
  • sample film was cut into 10 ⁇ 10 (mm ⁇ mm) sheets and UV-sterilized on both sides for 1 h.
  • the cells (human kidney epithelial cells HEK293) were added with 100 ⁇ L of FBS per well, seeded at a density of 1.0 ⁇ 10 5 /mL, and cultured overnight in a CO 2 incubator at a temperature of 37 ° C and a CO 2 concentration of 5 vol%.
  • the medium was changed to 100 ⁇ L of fresh sample extract at concentrations of 100%, 75% and 50%.
  • 20 ⁇ L of MTT solution (5.0 mg/mL) was added to each well.
  • the supernatant was carefully aspirated, and 150 ⁇ L of DMSO was added to completely dissolve the hyperthyroidism in the cells.
  • the absorbance at 492 nm of each well was measured using a MK-III plate reader.
  • the cytotoxicity test results of the DLF double-layer dressings in Examples 1 to 3 are shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2. From Figure 1 and Figure 2 It can be seen that, regardless of the culture time of 24h or 48h, the cell growth condition is good in different concentrations of DLF double-layer dressing extract, and the survival rate is above 95%. DLF can be identified.
  • the double dressing extract is non-cytotoxic.
  • Rats adult Wistar rats (220 ⁇ 250g). Rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, each group 5 Only, remove hair after anesthesia. After the disinfection is completed, two symmetrical, diameter cuts are made on the back of the rat.
  • the 18 mm full-thickness skin wounds were applied with dressings.
  • the experimental group rats were coated with the DLF double-layer dressing prepared in Examples 1 to 3.
  • the control group was treated with 3M Tegaderm TM film and Vaseline gauze. After the operation, the rats were kept in cages and the diet was provided normally.
  • the rats in the 4 groups were sacrificed at 4, 8, 10, and 14 days after surgery, and the wound area was measured to calculate the healing rate (WC).
  • the formula is as follows:
  • a 0 and A t are the initial area of the wound and the area after t days.
  • FIG. 3 The wound healing rate of the full-thickness skin of the back of the rat under the trauma treatment of the DLF double-layer dressing in Examples 1 to 3 is shown in Fig. 3. As can be seen from Figure 3, wound healing is similar when using DLF double dressing and 3M Tegaderm TM film, which is superior to traditional Vaseline gauze dressings.
  • Table 1 180 o peel force, N (surface treated glass, 1cm spline) Hemolysis rate, % Substrate vapor permeability, g/cm 2 /d Water absorption of the substrate, % Tensile strength of the substrate, MPa Substrate Adhesive layer (dry) Adhesive layer (wet) example 1 0.008 0.129 0.030 3.0 160 15.4 0.3
  • Example 2 0.006 0.187 0.042 4.1 207 16.2 0.5
  • Example 3 0.005 0.223 0.060 3.2 311 16.5 1.5 3M Tegaderm TM film / 0.136 0.058 2.6 413 9.2 /

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Abstract

一种用于慢性皮肤创伤的双层聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体敷料及其制备方法。该方法步骤如下:羧基封端的聚硅氧烷先后与单官能度和双官能度的伯胺化合物反应,得到硅氧烷低聚物;硅氧烷低聚物与异氰酸酯反应得到用作基材和粘性层的聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体;再将用作粘性层的聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体溶解后涂覆在用作基材的聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体上,溶剂蒸发后得到具有双层结构的聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体敷料。这种薄膜敷料具有良好的透气性和吸水性,薄膜基材具有较好弹性和低粘性,薄膜粘合层表现出良好粘性,将其用作慢性伤口敷料有利于创面组织的生长和再生,加速伤口的愈合。该方法采用聚硅氧烷为原料,无细胞毒性和皮肤刺激性,生物相容性良好。

Description

一种用于慢性皮肤创伤的双层聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体敷料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于合成高分子的生物材料技术领域,具体涉及一种 用于慢性皮肤创伤的双层聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体敷料及其制备
背景技术
慢性皮肤创伤,如皮肤溃疡、压疮、糖尿病足等,因其常见于生理机能较差的老年人或糖尿病人,创口局部代谢障碍,导致伤口愈合困难,一直是临床的难题之一。1962年Winter在Nature上发表“湿性伤口愈合理论”,让人们对于创伤的愈合过程有了突破性的认识。研究发现,伤口上的各种细胞、酶、以及生长因子在干燥的条件下活性较低,而在湿润的环境下生物活性大大增加,能促进肉芽组织的生长,有助伤口愈合。而且,温暖、湿润的愈合环境并不会增加伤口感染的概率,实际上,这种环境下患者受感染的概率反而更低。根据国外学者的调查研究,使用密封性敷料产生湿润环境的伤口感染率为2.6%,而传统纱布敷料下的干燥环境感染率则高达7.1%。可实现湿性愈合的敷料在临床上的应用受到了重视。
此外,伤口敷料还应该有一定的吸收能力以去除伤口多余的渗液,和良好的透气性。但在我国的慢性难愈合皮肤创伤的临床护理实践中,目前仍以纱布类敷料和泡沫类敷料为主,前者难以为创口提供良好的湿性愈合环境,后者不透明,须揭开敷料才能观察创口的愈合情况,这种治疗和护理过程中的频繁换药既加重了患者的痛苦,又增加了护理的工作量。因此,临床上对能满足上述要求的敷料的渴望非常热切。
发明内容
为了克服上述现有技术的缺点与不足,本发明提出 一种用于慢性皮肤创伤的双层聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体敷料 ,目的在于提供一种满足粘性要求的可供皮肤慢性创伤用的 双层聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体敷料 及其制备方法
一种 用于慢性皮肤创伤的双层聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体敷料的制备方法包括聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体基材的合成、聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体粘合层的合成以及通过溶解涂覆的方法制备具有双层结构的聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体敷料。
一种用于慢性皮肤创伤的双层聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体敷料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
( 1 )端氢聚硅氧烷( PDMS-H2 )的合成:以八甲基环四硅氧烷 (D4) 与 1,1,3,3- 四甲基二硅氧烷 (HMM) 为原料,加入催化剂反应,得到端氢聚硅氧烷( PDMS-H2 );
( 2 )端酯基聚硅氧烷( PDMS-tBMA2 )的合成:端氢聚硅氧烷( PDMS-H2 )与甲基丙烯酸叔丁酯( tBMA )在铂催化剂的作用下发生硅氢加成反应,得到端酯基聚硅氧烷( PDMS-tBMA2 );
( 3 )端羧基聚硅氧烷 (PDMS-COOH2) 的合成:端酯基聚硅氧烷在催化剂作用下水解反应得到端羧基聚硅氧烷 (PDMS-COOH2) ;
( 4 )含有仲胺基的硅氧烷低聚物 (Oli) 的合成:端羧基聚硅氧烷 (PDMS-COOH2) 先与 1-(2- 氨基乙基 )-2- 咪唑啉酮( UDETA )反应,待反应结束后,所得反应产物再与二乙撑三胺( DETA )反应,得到含有仲胺基的硅氧烷低聚物 (Oli) ;
( 5 )聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体基材( HSE-A )的合成:先将含有仲胺基的硅氧烷低聚物 (Oli) 在溶剂中溶解,再与己基二异氰酸酯( HDI )反应,得聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体基材 (HSE-A) ;
( 6 )聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体粘合层( HSE-B )的合成:先将含有仲胺基的硅氧烷低聚物 (Oli) 在溶剂中溶解,再与间甲苯基异氰酸酯( mTI )反应,待反应结束后再与己基二异氰酸酯( HDI )反应,得作为粘性层的聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体( HSE-B );
( 7 )双层敷料的制备:将聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体基材干燥后热压成型、冷压定型,得到聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体基材薄膜,将聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体粘性层溶解在溶剂中得到粘合层溶液,再将粘合层溶液均匀涂覆在聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体基材薄膜上,置于烘箱中烘干溶剂后即获得一种用于慢性皮肤创伤的双层聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体敷料,标记为 DLF 。
进一步地,
步骤( 1 )中催化剂为 80~90 wt% 硫酸水溶液。
步骤( 2 )中催化剂为 Karstedt 催化剂。
步骤( 3 )中催化剂为 98 wt% 浓硫酸。
步骤( 5 )、( 6 )、( 7 )中溶剂为氯仿或二氯甲烷。
进一步地,
步骤( 1 )中催化剂的用量为八甲基环四硅氧烷质量的 2~4% 。
步骤( 1 )中八甲基环四硅氧烷与 1,1,3,3- 四甲基二硅氧烷的摩尔比为 1 :( 5~15 )。
步骤( 2 )中端氢聚硅氧烷与甲基丙烯酸叔丁酯的摩尔比为 1 : 2.4 。
步骤( 2 )中催化剂用量为端氢聚硅氧烷质量的 0.5% 。
步骤( 3 )中催化剂用量为端酯基聚硅氧烷质量的 1~2% 。
步骤( 4 )所述端羧基聚硅氧烷、 1-(2- 氨基乙基 )-2- 咪唑啉酮、二乙撑三胺的摩尔比为 1 : x :( 1-x/2 ),其中 x=0.1~0.2 。
步骤( 5 )所述硅氧烷低聚物与己基二异氰酸酯摩尔比为 1 :( 0.45~0.475 );
步骤( 6 )中所述硅氧烷低聚物、己基二异氰酸酯和间甲苯基异氰酸酯的摩尔比为 1 : x :( 0.9-x/2 ),其中 x=0.25~0.3 。
步骤( 5 )、( 6 )中溶剂用量为硅氧烷低聚物质量的 2~3 倍。
步骤( 7 )中所述粘合层溶液的浓度为 10 wt% 。
更进一步地,步骤( 4 )中所述硅氧烷低聚物合成过程中端羧基聚硅氧烷、 1-(2- 氨基乙基 )-2- 咪唑啉酮、二乙撑三胺的摩尔比为 1 : 0.2 : 0.9 。
进一步地,
步骤( 1 )中所述的反应是在室温下反应 20h 。
步骤( 2 )中所述的反应是在氮气下 80oC 反应 5~8h 。
步骤( 3 )中所述的反应是在 80oC 下反应 4~6h 。
步骤( 4 )中端羧基聚硅氧烷在 160oC 氮气气氛下与 1-(2- 氨基乙基 )-2- 咪唑啉酮反应 2~3h ,待反应结束后,所得产物再在 140oC 氮气环境下与二乙撑三胺反应 5~6h ;
步骤( 5 )中所述的反应是在室温下反应 3~5h 。
步骤( 6 )所述的反应是含有仲胺基的硅氧烷低聚物在室温下先与间甲苯基异氰酸酯反应 2h ,所得产物再在室温下与己基二异氰酸酯反应 3h ;
步骤( 7 )中所述的热压成型时间为 120~140oC 下热压成型 10~20min 。
步骤( 7 )中所述的冷压定型时间为室温下冷压定型 10min 。
步骤( 7 )中所述的超分子弹性体基材薄膜厚度为 5~10mm 。
步骤( 7 )中烘干条件为 40oC~50oC 烘干 12h 。
进一步地,
步骤( 1 )所得的端氢聚硅氧烷的数均分子量介于 1.6 × 103 与 4.6 × 103 之间。
由以上所述的制备方法制得的一种用于慢性皮肤创伤的双层聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体敷料。
本发明机理为: 具有单一结构的聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体难以兼顾高强度与高粘性。将其用作伤口敷料时,为了保证与正常皮肤的粘结,常遇到敷料整体强度低、易与外界发生不必要粘结的问题。本发明针对现有敷料的不足,提出了一类具有双层结构的基于氢键 - 共价键混合交联型聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体的柔性透明敷料( DLF )。通过控制固化剂比例,调控超分子弹性体共价交联程度,从而使敷料外层具有高交联程度和高强度,内层则具有低交联程度和高粘性。复合得到的 DLF 薄膜敷料具有良好的吸水性、透汽性、生物相容性、细菌阻隔性,将其用于慢性皮肤创伤敷料有利于抵制细菌感染,促进组织的生长和再生,加速伤口愈合。
本发明相对于现有技术,具有如下的优点及有益效果:
超分子弹性体 HSE-A 与 HSE-B 采用氢键 - 共价键混合交联的方法代替传统的共价交联,在保持材料良好透明性、吸水性、透汽性和生物相容性的同时,可以通过调节材料结构调控材料的弹性和粘性。两种薄膜从结构相同的预聚物出发,采用不同的混合异氰酸酯作为固化剂,制备了具有不同共价交联程度的超分子弹性体。完全采用己基二异氰酸酯固化得到的 HSE-A 薄膜具有交联程度高力学性能好、粘性低的特点,适合作为双层敷料的基材。采用己基二异氰酸酯 / 间甲苯基异氰酸酯混合固化剂固化得到的 HSE-B 薄膜具有交联程度低、粘性高的特点,可以在提供足够的粘性的同时不损害双层薄膜整体强度。由于 HSE-B 共价交联程度低,仍可以部分溶解在有机溶剂中,因此可以通过溶液涂膜的方式制备复合膜。 DLF 敷料既可为慢性难愈合皮肤创伤提供洁净的湿性愈合环境,又有利于直接观察创口的愈合进程,延长换药间隔,降低病患痛苦与感染风险。
附图说明
图 1 为实施例 1~3 中制得的 DLF 薄膜细胞毒性(培养时间 24h )测试结果图。
图 2 为实施例 1~3 中制得的 DLF 薄膜细胞毒性(培养时间 48h )测试结果图。
图 3 为实施例 1~3 中制得的 DLF 薄膜、 3M TegadermTM 薄膜以及凡士林纱布护理下大鼠背部全层皮肤创伤伤口的愈合率测试结果图。
图 4 为实施例 1~3 中制得的 DLF薄膜化学反应路线图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例和附图对本发明作进一步详细的描述,但本发明的实施方案不限于此。本发明的合成路线如图 4 所示。
本发明所用试剂均可从市场购得。
实施例 1 :一种基于聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体具有双层结构的皮肤创伤敷料( DLF-1 )的制备:
( 1 )端氢聚硅氧烷( PHMS )的合成:室温条件下,在配有机械搅拌的反应釜中, 300 g 1,1,3,3- 四甲基二硅氧烷与八甲基环四硅氧烷按摩尔比 HMM : D4 = 1 : 15 投料,随后加入相当于 D4 质量 2% 浓度为 80wt% 的硫酸。室温下搅拌反应 20h 后用分液漏斗分出下层硫酸相,并用过量 NaHCO3 中和产物中的残余硫酸,真空过滤后得到的粗产品在 160 ℃ 下减压蒸馏 3h 即可获得纯化后的 PHMS 。
( 2 )端酯基聚硅氧烷( PDMS-tBMA2 )的合成:在配有回流冷凝管、氮气保护装置和恒压滴液漏斗的反应釜中,加入 PHMS ,开启搅拌并通 N2 , 5min 后加入 Pt 质量比为 0.05% 的 Karstedt's 催化剂。温度升至 80 ℃ 后,甲基丙烯酸叔丁酯( tBMA )经滴液漏斗滴加到反应釜中,反应 5h 。其中 PHMS 与 tBMA 按摩尔比 1 : 2.4 投料, Karstedt's 催化剂的用量为 PHMS 与 tBMA 总质量的 0.5% 。反应结束后,抽滤去除 tBMA 的自聚物和减压蒸馏去除剩余的 tBMA ,得端酯基聚硅氧烷( PDMS-tBMA2 )。
( 3 )端羧基聚硅氧烷( PDMS-COOH2 )的合成:往配有回流冷凝管和机械搅拌的反应釜中加 PDMS-tBMA2 ,待温度升至 85 ℃ 时,加入为 PDMS-tBMA2 质量 1% 浓度为 98wt% 的浓硫酸,反应 4h 。反应结束后,待体系降至室温,用产物等体积的氯仿溶解粗产物,并用蒸馏水进行萃取洗涤,至水相 pH 值 ≥6 时停止,分离出氯仿相,并在 150 ℃ 下减压蒸馏去除氯仿,得到纯化端羧基聚硅氧烷( PDMS-COOH2 )。
( 4 )含仲胺基的硅氧烷低聚物( Oli )的合成 : 在配有机械搅拌、氮气保护装置和分水器以及冷凝管的反应釜中,加入端羧基聚硅氧烷和 1-(2- 氨基乙基 )-2- 咪唑啉酮( UDETA) , 160 ℃ 下反应 2h ;反应结束后,将温度降为 140 ℃ ,并继续往反应釜中加入 DETA 反应 5h 。各个反应物的投料摩尔比为 PDMS-COOH2 : UDETA : DETA = 1 : 0.2 : 0.9 。反应得到的粗产物用氯仿溶解,并用蒸馏水洗涤 3 次后旋蒸除去溶剂得到纯化的 Oli 。
( 5 )聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体基材( HSE-A )的合成:在室温条件下,向配有磁力搅拌的反应釜中加入 100 g 含仲胺基的硅氧烷低聚物( Oli ),并用 2 倍体积的二氯甲烷溶解,然后再加入己基二异氰酸酯( HDI )反应 3h ,反应物的投料摩尔比为 Oli : HDI = 1 :0.45 。反应得到的粗产物 60 ℃ 减压蒸馏去除部分二氯甲烷,然后在 80 ℃ 下真空干燥 24h ,得 HSE-A 干燥样品。
( 6 ) 聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体粘合层( HSE-B )的合成:按照步骤( 4 )中所述方法合成 含仲胺基的硅氧烷低聚物( Oli0 。 9 ),各个反应物的投料摩尔比为 PDMS-COOH2 : UDETA : DETA = 1 : 0.2: 0.9 。向配有磁力搅拌的反应釜中加入 50 g 含仲胺基的硅氧烷低聚物( Oli0 。 9 ),并用 2 倍体积的二氯甲烷溶解,然后在室温下加入间甲苯基异氰酸酯( mTI )反应 2h ,再在室温下加入己基二异氰酸酯( HDI )反应 3h 。 各个反应物的投料摩尔比为 Oli0 。 9 :HDI:mTI=1:0.25:0.4 。反应得到的粗产物 60 ℃ 减压蒸馏去除部分二氯甲烷,然后在 80 ℃ 下真空干燥 24h ,得 HSE-B 干燥样品。
( 7 )双层敷料的制备:将所得的 HSE-A 干燥样品在 130 ℃ 下热压成型 15min ,然后在室温下冷压成型 10min ,得到厚度为 10mm 的超分子弹性体基材薄膜。将 HSE-B 溶于二氯甲烷中,配成浓度为 10wt% 的溶剂。再将 HSE-B 溶剂均匀涂覆在超分子弹性体基材薄膜上,放入 40 ℃烘箱中烘干 12h 即获得一种 用于慢性皮肤创伤的双层聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体敷料 ( DLF-1 )。
实施例 2 :一种基于聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体具有双层结构的皮肤创伤敷料( DLF-2 )的制备:
( 1 )端氢聚硅氧烷( PHMS )的合成:室温条件下,在配有机械搅拌的反应釜中, 300 g 1,1,3,3- 四甲基二硅氧烷与八甲基环四硅氧烷按摩尔比 HMM : D4 = 1 : 10 投料,随后加入相当于 D4 质量 3% 浓度为 86wt% 的硫酸。室温下搅拌反应 20h 后用分液漏斗分出下层硫酸相,并用过量 NaHCO3 中和产物中的残余硫酸,真空过滤后得到的粗产品在 160 ℃ 下减压蒸馏 3h 即可获得纯化后的 PHMS 。
( 2 )端酯基聚硅氧烷( PDMS-tBMA2 )的合成:在配有回流冷凝管、氮气保护装置和恒压滴液漏斗的反应釜中,加入 PHMS ,开启搅拌并通 N2 , 5min 后加入 Pt 质量比为 0.05% 的 Karstedt's 催化剂。温度升至 80 ℃ 后,甲基丙烯酸叔丁酯( tBMA )经滴液漏斗滴加到反应釜中,反应 6h 。其中 PHMS 与 tBMA 按摩尔比 1 : 2.4 投料, Karstedt's 催化剂的用量为 PHMS 与 tBMA 总质量的 0.5% 。反应结束后,抽滤去除 tBMA 的自聚物和减压蒸馏去除剩余的 tBMA ,得端酯基聚硅氧烷( PDMS-tBMA2 )。
( 3 )端羧基聚硅氧烷( PDMS-COOH2 )的合成:往配有回流冷凝管和机械搅拌的反应釜中加 PDMS-tBMA2 ,待温度升至 85 ℃ 时,加入为 PDMS-tBMA2 质量 1.5% 浓度为 98wt% 的浓硫酸,反应 5h 。反应结束后,待体系降至室温,用等体积的氯仿溶解粗产物,并用蒸馏水进行萃取洗涤,至水相 pH 值 ≥6 时停止,分离出氯仿相,并在 150 ℃ 下减压蒸馏去除氯仿,得到纯化端羧基聚硅氧烷( PDMS-COOH2 )。
( 4 )含仲胺基的硅氧烷低聚物( Oli )的合成 : 在配有机械搅拌、氮气保护装置和分水器以及冷凝管的反应釜中,加入端羧基聚硅氧烷和 1-(2- 氨基乙基 )-2- 咪唑啉酮( UDETA) , 160 ℃ 下反应 2h ;反应结束后,将温度降为 140 ℃ ,并继续往反应釜中加入 DETA 反应 5h 。各个反应物的投料摩尔比为 PDMS-COOH2 : UDETA : DETA = 1 : 0.15 : 0.925 。反应得到的粗产物用氯仿溶解,并用蒸馏水洗涤 3 次后旋蒸除去溶剂得到纯化的 Oli 。
( 5 )聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体基材( HSE-A )的合成:在室温条件下,向配有磁力搅拌的反应釜中加入 100 g 含仲胺基的硅氧烷低聚物( Oli ),并用 2 倍体积的二氯甲烷溶解,然后再加入己基二异氰酸酯( HDI )反应 4h ,反应物的投料摩尔比为 Oli : HDI = 1 :0.4625 。反应得到的粗产物 60 ℃ 减压蒸馏去除部分二氯甲烷,然后在 80 ℃ 下真空干燥 24h ,得 HSE-A 干燥样品。
( 6 ) 聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体粘合层( HSE-B )的合成:按照步骤( 4 )中所述方法合成 含仲胺基的硅氧烷低聚物( Oli0 。 9 ),各个反应物的投料摩尔比为 PDMS-COOH2 : UDETA : DETA = 1 : 0.2: 0.9 。向配有磁力搅拌的反应釜中加入 50 g 含仲胺基的硅氧烷低聚物( Oli0 。 9 ),并用 2 倍体积的二氯甲烷溶解,然后在室温下加入间甲苯基异氰酸酯( mTI )反应 2h ,再在室温下加入己基二异氰酸酯( HDI )反应 3h 。 各个反应物的投料摩尔比为 Oli0 。 9 :HDI:mTI=1:0.275:0.35 。反应得到的粗产物 60 ℃ 减压蒸馏去除部分二氯甲烷,然后在 80 ℃ 下真空干燥 24h ,得 HSE-B 干燥样品。
( 7 )双层敷料的制备:将所得的 HSE-A 干燥样品在 130 ℃ 下热压成型 15min ,然后在室温下冷压成型 10min ,得到厚度为 7mm 的超分子弹性体基材薄膜。将 HSE-B 溶于二氯甲烷中,配成浓度为 10wt% 的溶剂。再将 HSE-B 溶剂均匀涂覆在超分子弹性体基材薄膜上,放入 40 ℃烘箱中烘干 12h 即获得一种 用于慢性皮肤创伤的双层聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体敷料 ( DLF-2 )。
实施例 3 :一种基于聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体具有双层结构的皮肤创伤敷料( DLF-3 )的制备:
( 1 )端氢聚硅氧烷( PHMS )的合成:室温条件下,在配有机械搅拌的反应釜中, 300 g 1,1,3,3- 四甲基二硅氧烷与八甲基环四硅氧烷按摩尔比 HMM : D4 = 1 : 5 投料,随后加入相当于 D4 质量 4% 浓度为 90wt% 的硫酸。室温下搅拌反应 20h 后用分液漏斗分出下层硫酸相,并用过量 NaHCO3 中和产物中的残余硫酸,真空过滤后得到的粗产品在 160 ℃ 下减压蒸馏 3h 即可获得纯化后的 PHMS 。
( 2 )端酯基聚硅氧烷( PDMS-tBMA2 )的合成:在配有回流冷凝管、氮气保护装置和恒压滴液漏斗的反应釜中,加入 PHMS ,开启搅拌并通 N2 , 5min 后加入 Pt 质量比为 0.05% 的 Karstedt's 催化剂。温度升至 80 ℃ 后,甲基丙烯酸叔丁酯( tBMA )经滴液漏斗滴加到反应釜中,反应 8h 。其中 PHMS 与 tBMA 按摩尔比 1 : 2.4 投料, Karstedt's 催化剂的用量为 PHMS 与 tBMA 总质量的 0.5% 。反应结束后,抽滤去除 tBMA 的自聚物和减压蒸馏去除剩余的 tBMA ,得端酯基聚硅氧烷( PDMS-tBMA2 )。
( 3 )端羧基聚硅氧烷( PDMS-COOH2 )的合成:往配有回流冷凝管和机械搅拌的反应釜中加 PDMS-tBMA2 ,待温度升至 85 ℃ 时,加入为 PDMS-tBMA2 质量 2% 浓度为 98wt% 的浓硫酸,反应 6h 。反应结束后,待体系降至室温,用等体积的氯仿溶解粗产物,并用蒸馏水进行萃取洗涤,至水相 pH 值 ≥6 时停止,分离出氯仿相,并在 150 ℃ 下减压蒸馏去除氯仿,得到纯化端羧基聚硅氧烷( PDMS-COOH2 )。
( 4 )含仲胺基的硅氧烷低聚物( Oli )的合成 : 在配有机械搅拌、氮气保护装置和分水器以及冷凝管的反应釜中,加入端羧基聚硅氧烷和 1-(2- 氨基乙基 )-2- 咪唑啉酮( UDETA) , 160 ℃ 下反应 2h ;反应结束后,将温度降为 140 ℃ ,并继续往反应釜中加入 DETA 反应 5h 。各个反应物的投料摩尔比为 PDMS-COOH2 : UDETA : DETA = 1 : 0.1 : 0.95 。反应得到的粗产物用氯仿溶解,并用蒸馏水洗涤 3 次后旋蒸除去溶剂得到纯化的 Oli 。
( 5 )聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体基材( HSE-A )的合成:在室温条件下,向配有磁力搅拌的反应釜中加入 100 g 含仲胺基的硅氧烷低聚物( Oli ),并用 3 倍体积的氯仿溶解,然后再加入己基二异氰酸酯( HDI )反应 4h ,反应物的投料摩尔比为 Oli : HDI = 1 :0.475 。反应得到的粗产物 60 ℃ 减压蒸馏去除部分氯仿,然后在 80 ℃ 下真空干燥 24h ,得 HSE-A 干燥样品。
( 6 ) 聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体粘合层( HSE-B )的合成:按照步骤( 4 )中所述方法合成 含仲胺基的硅氧烷低聚物( Oli0 。 9 ) , 各个反应物的投料摩尔比为 PDMS-COOH2 : UDETA : DETA = 1 : 0.2: 0.9 。向配有磁力搅拌的反应釜中加入 50 g 含仲胺基的硅氧烷低聚物( Oli0 。 9 ),并用 3 倍体积的氯仿溶解,然后在室温下加入间甲苯基异氰酸酯( mTI )反应 2h ,再在室温下加入己基二异氰酸酯( HDI )反应 3h 。 各个反应物的投料摩尔比为 Oli0 。 9 :HDI:mTI=1:0.3:0.3 。反应得到的粗产物 60 ℃ 减压蒸馏去除部分氯仿,然后在 80 ℃ 下真空干燥 24h ,得 HSE-B 干燥样品。
( 7 )双层敷料的制备:将所得的 HSE-A 干燥样品在 130 ℃ 下热压成型 15min ,然后在室温下冷压成型 10min ,得到厚度为 5mm 的超分子弹性体基材薄膜。将 HSE-B 溶于氯仿中,配成浓度为 10%wt 的溶剂。再将 HSE-B 溶剂均匀涂覆在超分子弹性体基材薄膜上,放入 50 ℃烘箱中烘干 12h 即获得一种 用于慢性皮肤创伤的双层聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体敷料 ( DLF-3 )。
实施例 1~3 中制得的 DLF 薄膜化学反应路线图如图 4 所示。
对比实施例 : 3M TegadermTM 薄膜和凡士林纱布从市场购得。
通过控制步骤( 1 )中 HMM 与 D4 的投料比,可以调整原料聚硅氧烷分子链长度,从而调控双层敷料基材中的氢键密度和交联密度,制备得到力学性能不同的基材。通过控制步骤( 6 )中固化剂中 HDI 与 mTI 的比例,可以调整超分子弹性体的共价交联程度,制备得到不同粘性的粘合层
对实施例 1~3 和对比实施例进行如下性能检测:
( 1 ) 吸水性测试:
吸水性测试是测量双层敷料基材 HSE-A 弹性体在蒸馏水中达到平衡时薄膜吸收的水的质量。测试温度为 37 ℃ ,相对湿度为 80% 。将样品浸泡在蒸馏水中,一段时间后将其取出,用滤纸吸去薄膜表面多余水后称取质量。吸水率( AW )计算公式如下:
Figure YGP161209JYQ-appb-M000001
其中, We 和 Wd 分别代表薄膜吸水平衡质量与干燥时质量。
表 1 中数据显示,实施例 1~3 中的超分子弹性体基材 HSE-A 吸水性能优于 3M TegadermTM 薄膜,有利于作为双层敷料的基材时吸收伤口处渗液。
( 2 ) 透汽性测试:
透汽性(水汽透过性)是测量双层敷料基材 HSE-A 弹性体透过水蒸气的能力,测试步骤如下:在瓶口内径 18mm 的玻璃样品瓶中装入 10mL 蒸馏水,取厚度为样品薄膜覆盖于瓶口,接口处用封口胶密封,保证接口处无漏气现象。将其置于恒温恒湿环境(温度为 37 ℃ ,相对湿度 30% )中,定期取出称重,计算失重量。用水汽透过率( WVTR )表征薄膜的透汽性, WVTR 计算公式如下:
Figure YGP161209JYQ-appb-M000002
式中, ΔG 为质量变化,单位为 g ; t 为时间,单位为 d ; A 为瓶口面积,单位为 m2 。 WVTR 单位为: g/(m2∙d) 。
从表 1 中数据可以看出,随着薄膜厚度降低,实施例 1~3 中的超分子弹性体基材 HSE 透汽率提升,相对与 3M TegadermTM 薄膜来看, HSE-A 薄膜透汽性稍差,可通过进一步降低薄膜厚度改善。
( 3 ) 拉伸强度测试:
将超分子弹性体基材 HSE-A 裁成尺寸为 50 × 10mm 的待测样条,放入 80 ℃ 真空烘箱中干燥过夜以完全除水后即可进行拉伸测试,记录其在 500 mm /min 拉伸速率下的应力 - 应变曲线。
从表 1 中数据可以看出:超分子弹性体基材 HSE-A 的拉伸强度随原料聚硅氧烷分子链长度提升而降低。
( 4 ) 溶血性能测试:
取新鲜含枸橼酸钠抗凝剂的人血,按人血 / 生理盐水 = 5/4 wt/wt 的比例稀释,得到新鲜稀释抗凝人血。样品薄膜裁剪为约 5 × 20 ( mm × mm )样条,并放入试管中,并向其中加入 2 mL 生理盐水。取一支试管为阴性对照,向其中加入 2 mL 生理盐水,另取一支试管为阳性对照,向其中加入 2 mL 蒸馏水。然后将所有试管放入( 37 ± 1 ) ℃ 恒温水浴中保温 30 min ,再向试管中加入 2 mL 混匀的新鲜稀释抗凝人血,轻轻混匀,置于 37 ± 1 ℃ 水浴中继续保温 60 min 。将试管中液体移入离心管中,在 3000 r/min 速率下离心 5 min ,吸取上层清液,用紫外分光光度计测试其在 545 nm 处吸光度,并用下式计算样品溶血率 R 。
Figure YGP161209JYQ-appb-M000003
式中, DS 为测试样品的吸光度值, Dpc 为阳性对照的吸光度, Dnc 为阴性对照的吸光度。
从表 1 中数据可以看出,实施例 1~3 中的 DLF 双层敷料表现出的溶血率均小于 5% ,符合生物医用材料在血液相容性方面的要求。
( 5 ) 粘性测试:
通过测试薄膜与光滑玻璃片(硫酸表面处理)间粘结后的剥离力来表征薄膜的粘性。将薄膜裁成 10mm × 60mm 的长条状样条,将样条一面贴在光滑玻璃片上,施加一定压力让薄膜与玻璃片紧密贴合后放入 37 ℃ 烘箱中静置 2h 。样条取出后用拉力机测试 180o 剥离样条所需的力,剥离速率为 50mm /min 。测试样品吸水后的粘性时预先将样品在 37 ℃ 蒸馏水中浸泡过 12h 。细胞毒性测试:
表 1 中数据显示:在实例 1~3 中,双层敷料的基材 HSE-A 均没有表现出明显的粘合作用,而干燥的粘合层 HSE-B 则表现出了明显的粘合作用,其粘性接近或大于 3M TegadermTM 薄膜。吸水后,实例 1~3 中的粘合层 HSE-B 粘性均出现明显下降。说明 DLF 双层敷料可与干燥表面紧密粘结,而对湿润表面则表现出低粘性,作为伤口敷料应用时,可以对创口周围正常皮肤紧密粘结,而与伤口以及新生组织则不发生粘结。
( 6 ) 细胞毒性测试:
样品薄膜切成 10×10 ( mm×mm )的薄片,将其双面紫外消毒 1h 。消毒后的样品在 10mL 的 RPMI1640 培养基中(样品 / 溶液 =1cm2/10mL )中浸泡 24h 后得到样品浸提液,再用 RPMI1640 培养基将其稀释至原有浓度的 75% 、 50% ,得到 75% 浸提液和 50% 浸提液。
细胞(人肾上皮细胞 HEK293 ),每孔加入 100μL 的 FBS ,接种密度 1.0×105 个 /mL ,在 CO2 培养箱中培养过夜,条件为温度 37 ℃ , CO2 浓度 5vol% 。将培养基换成 100μL 新鲜的样品浸提液,浓度为 100% 、 75% 和 50% 。再分别培养 24h 和 48h 后,向每个孔中加入 20μL 的 MTT 溶液( 5.0 mg/mL )。 37 ℃ 下继续培养 4h 后,小心吸去上层清液,加入 150μL 的 DMSO ,充分溶解细胞内的甲瓒。最后用 MK- Ⅲ 型酶标仪测定每个孔在 492nm 处的吸光度。
实施例 1~3 中 DLF 双层敷料的细胞毒性测试结果如图 1 、图 2 所示。从图 1 、图 2 中可见,无论培养时间为 24h 或 48h ,在不同浓度的 DLF 双层敷料浸提液中细胞生长状况良好,存活率均在 95% 以上,可以认定 DLF 双层敷料浸提液无细胞毒性。
( 7 ) 大鼠背部全层皮肤缺损愈合实验
实验动物:成年 Wistar 大鼠( 220~250g )。随机将大鼠分为 4 组,每组 5 只,麻醉后除毛。在消毒完成后,于大鼠背部剪取两个对称的、直径
18mm 的全层皮肤创口,分别敷上敷料,实验组大鼠敷以实施例 1~3 中制备的 DLF 双层敷料,对照组则以 3M TegadermTM 薄膜和凡士林纱布。术后,大鼠分笼饲养,正常提供饮食。 4 组大鼠分别与术后 4 天、 8 天、 10 天、 14 天处死、取材,测量伤口面积以计算愈合率( WC ),计算公式如下:
Figure YGP161209JYQ-appb-M000004
其中, A0 和 At 分别为伤口初始面积和术后 t 天面积。
大鼠背部全层皮肤在 实施例 1~3 中 DLF 双层敷料的 创伤护理下伤口的愈合率见图 3 。 从图 3 中可见,采用 DLF 双层敷料和 3M TegadermTM 薄膜时,伤口愈合情况接近,优于传统的凡士林纱布敷料。
表 1
180o 剥离力, N
(表面处理玻璃片, 1cm 样条)
溶血率,
%
基材
透汽率, g/cm2/d
基材
吸水率,
%
基材
拉伸强度,
MPa
基材 粘合层
(干燥)
粘合层
(湿润)
例 1 0.008 0.129 0.030 3.0 160 15.4 0.3
例 2 0.006 0.187 0.042 4.1 207 16.2 0.5
例 3 0.005 0.223 0.060 3.2 311 16.5 1.5
3M TegadermTM
薄膜
/ 0.136 0.058 2.6 413 9.2 /
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制,其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原料下的所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种用于慢性皮肤创伤的双层聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体敷料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
    (1)端氢聚硅氧烷的合成:以八甲基环四硅氧烷与1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氧烷为原料,加入催化剂反应,得到端氢聚硅氧烷;
    (2)端酯基聚硅氧烷的合成:端氢聚硅氧烷与甲基丙烯酸叔丁酯在铂催化剂的作用下发生硅氢加成反应,得到端酯基聚硅氧烷;
    (3)端羧基聚硅氧烷的合成:端酯基聚硅氧烷在催化剂作用下水解反应得到端羧基聚硅氧烷;
    (4)含有仲胺基的硅氧烷低聚物的合成:端羧基聚硅氧烷先与1-(2-氨基乙基)-2-咪唑啉酮反应,待反应结束后,所得反应产物再与二乙撑三胺反应,得到含有仲胺基的硅氧烷低聚物;
    (5)聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体基材的合成:先将含有仲胺基的硅氧烷低聚物在溶剂中溶解,再与己基二异氰酸酯反应,得聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体基材;
    (6)聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体粘性层的合成:先将含有仲胺基的硅氧烷低聚物在溶剂中溶解,再与间甲苯基异氰酸酯反应,待反应结束后再与己基二异氰酸酯反应,得聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体粘性层;
    (7)双层敷料的制备:将聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体基材干燥后热压成型、冷压定型,得到聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体基材薄膜,将聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体粘性层溶解在溶剂中得到粘合层溶液,再将粘合层溶液均匀涂覆在聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体基材薄膜上,置于烘箱中烘干溶剂后即获得一种用于慢性皮肤创伤的双层聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体敷料。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于慢性皮肤创伤的双层聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体敷料的制备方法,其特征在于:
    步骤(1)所述催化剂为80~90wt%硫酸水溶液;
    步骤(2)所述铂催化剂为Karstedt催化剂;
    步骤(3)所述催化剂为98 wt%%浓硫酸;
    步骤(5)、(6)、(7)所述溶剂为氯仿或二氯甲烷。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于慢性皮肤创伤的双层聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体敷料的制备方法,其特征在于:
    步骤(1)所述催化剂的用量为八甲基环四硅氧烷质量的2~4%;
    步骤(1)所述八甲基环四硅氧烷与1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氧烷的摩尔比为1:(5~15);
    步骤(2)所述端氢聚硅氧烷与甲基丙烯酸叔丁酯的摩尔比为1:2.4;
    步骤(2)所述催化剂用量为端氢聚硅氧烷质量的0.5%;
    步骤(3)所述催化剂用量为端酯基聚硅氧烷质量的1~2%;
    步骤(4)所述端羧基聚硅氧烷、1-(2-氨基乙基)-2-咪唑啉酮、二乙撑三胺的摩尔比为1:x:(1-x/2),其中x=0.1~0.2;
    步骤(5)所述硅氧烷低聚物与己基二异氰酸酯摩尔比为1:(0.45~0.475);
    步骤(6)所述含有仲胺基的硅氧烷低聚物、己基二异氰酸酯与间甲苯基异氰酸酯的摩尔比为1:x:(0.9-x/2),其中x=0.25~0.3;
    步骤(5)、(6)所述溶剂用量为含有仲胺基的硅氧烷低聚物质量的2~3倍;
    步骤(7)所述粘合层溶液的浓度为10 wt%。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于慢性皮肤创伤的双层聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体敷料的制备方法,其特征在于:
    步骤(1)所述的反应是在室温下反应20h;
    步骤(2)所述的反应是在氮气下80℃反应5~8h;
    步骤(3)所述的反应是在85℃下反应4~6h;
    步骤(4)所述端羧基聚硅氧烷在160℃氮气气氛下与1-(2-氨基乙基)-2-咪唑啉酮反应2~3h,待反应结束后,所得产物再在140℃氮气环境下与二乙撑三胺反应5~6h;
    步骤(5)所述的反应是在室温下反应3~5h;
    步骤(6)所述的反应是含有仲胺基的硅氧烷低聚物在室温下先与间甲苯基异氰酸酯反应2h,所得产物再在室温下与己基二异氰酸酯反应3h;
    步骤(7)所述的热压成型时间为120~140℃下热压成型10~20min;
    步骤(7)所述的冷压定型时间为室温下冷压定型10min;
    步骤(7)所述的聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体基材薄膜厚度为5~10mm;
    步骤(7)所述烘干条件为40℃~50℃烘干12h。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体具有双层结构的皮肤创伤敷料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)所得的端氢聚硅氧烷的数均分子量介于1.6×103与4.6×103之间。
  6. 由权利要求1~5任一项所述的制备方法制得的一种用于慢性皮肤创伤的双层聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体敷料。
PCT/CN2016/109352 2016-05-26 2016-12-10 一种用于慢性皮肤创伤的双层聚硅氧烷超分子弹性体敷料及其制备方法 Ceased WO2017202004A1 (zh)

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