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WO2017111699A1 - Procédé et appareil de distribution et de confinement d'air dans un environnement ouvert - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil de distribution et de confinement d'air dans un environnement ouvert Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017111699A1
WO2017111699A1 PCT/SG2016/050548 SG2016050548W WO2017111699A1 WO 2017111699 A1 WO2017111699 A1 WO 2017111699A1 SG 2016050548 W SG2016050548 W SG 2016050548W WO 2017111699 A1 WO2017111699 A1 WO 2017111699A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
vent
defined area
towers
containment system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/SG2016/050548
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ee Ho Tang
Fuyun Li
Tze Wei Timothy ANG
Edward Elmore Ted HOWLAND IV
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mandai Park Development Pte Ltd
ST Engineering Innosparks Pte Ltd
Original Assignee
Mandai Park Development Pte Ltd
Innosparks Pte Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mandai Park Development Pte Ltd, Innosparks Pte Ltd filed Critical Mandai Park Development Pte Ltd
Publication of WO2017111699A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017111699A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F9/00—Use of air currents for screening, e.g. air curtains
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
    • F24F13/06—Outlets for directing or distributing air into rooms or spaces, e.g. ceiling air diffuser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F9/00—Use of air currents for screening, e.g. air curtains
    • F24F2009/007—Use of air currents for screening, e.g. air curtains using more than one jet or band in the air curtain

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for creating comfort spaces in outdoor or large open areas and, in particular, a series of columns with dual-slit vents for distributing and containing conditioned air within an open area in an outdoor or large open environment.
  • Ambient air is often treated to make it more comfortable or to remove particulate matter.
  • Air conditioning is the process of altering the temperature and humidity of ambient air. Likewise, air can be heated when ambient temperatures are low. Typically, air is conditioned or heated with the aim of distributing it into an occupied space such as a building or a vehicle to improve thermal comfort and indoor air quality.
  • a microclimate is a local atmospheric zone where the climate differs from the surrounding area.
  • the term may refer to areas as small as a few square meters (e.g. a garden bed) or as large as many square kilometers.
  • Microclimates can exist near bodies of water which cool the local atmosphere. They can also exist in urban areas where brick, concrete, and asphalt absorb the sun's energy and radiate heat into the ambient air.
  • U.S. Patent No. 8,387,315 describes a microclimate cooling system for an indoor/outdoor stadium. The system requires a specialized roof to cover the stadium with a series of walls and barriers. Other attempts require ducted fan systems to force conditioned air into crowds. This is noisy, inefficient and expensive. Further, a projected stream of conditioned air can easily be repelled or deflected by external forces such as wind.
  • the present invention recognizes that there is a long felt need for an air delivery system that creates a microclimate of treated air in a large open space or an outdoor environment.
  • Each tower can have a first vent and a second vent for expelling treated air.
  • the first vent expels air at an angle substantially parallel to a bordering line that establishes the perimeter of the defined area.
  • the second vent expels air toward the interior of the defined area at an acute angle from air expelled from the first vent.
  • the first vent expels air at a higher velocity or flow rate than air expelled from said second vent.
  • the first vent and the second vent can be the shape of vertical slits that extend substantially from the base to the top of each tower.
  • the expelled air can be cooled air, heated air or purified air or any combination thereof.
  • the towers can be arranged equidistantly, or a distance apart that the user deems practical.
  • the towers can be arranged along two parallel or curved lines so that said defined area is in the shape of a straight or curved pathway.
  • a building or other structure can define one or more sides of the microclimate.
  • the towers can create a series of vortices to form an air wall.
  • the velocity or flow rate of air expelled from the first vent and the second vent can be increased or decreased to compensate for wind or other external forces.
  • the towers can be rotated to change the angle of expelled air to compensate for wind or other external forces.
  • Ambient air can be conditioned inside each tower.
  • ambient air can be conditioned in one or more centralized conditioning units and passed to each tower using one or more pipes or ducts.
  • the column can create a microclimate in a defined area by expelling conditioned air out of a first vent and a second vent.
  • the first vent can expel air at an angle substantially parallel to a bordering line that establishes the perimeter of the defined area to create a "barrier stream" of air.
  • the second vent can expel air toward the interior of the defined area, at an acute angle from air expelled from the first vent, to create a "delivery stream" of air.
  • the vents can be the shape of vertical slits that extend substantially from the base to the top of each tower.
  • the first vent can expel air at a higher velocity or flow rate than air expelled from said second vent and the vented air can be cooled air, heated air, purified air or any combination thereof.
  • a method for creating a microclimate in a defined area composed of providing one or more blowing devices to generate a barrier stream of treated air.
  • the barrier stream is directed substantially parallel to a bordering line that establishes the perimeter of the defined area.
  • the blowing devices can also generate a delivery stream of treated air that is directed toward the interior of the defined area at an acute angle from the barrier streams of air.
  • Multiple blowing devices can be coupled around the perimeter of the defined area or microclimate.
  • the barrier stream of treated air can have a greater velocity or flow rate than the delivery stream of treated air.
  • the treated air can be cooled air, heated air, purified air or any combination thereof.
  • the velocity or volume of air expelled from the blowing devices can be increased or decreased to compensate for wind or other external forces.
  • the angle toward which the blowing devices face can also be adjusted to account for wind or other external forces.
  • a first aspect of the invention is a column which uses dual slit vents to expel conditioned air in a vortex or similar configuration to create a microclimate.
  • a second aspect of the invention is a column that creates a microclimate by venting air out of two vertical slits, one with higher velocity or flow rate than the other.
  • a third aspect of the invention is a system and method for air distribution which creates a series of vortices to produce a microclimate.
  • a fourth aspect of the invention is a system and method for air distribution and containment which uses a plurality of columns wherein the columns direct conditioned air into a designated area with minimal loss to the surroundings.
  • the system functions without using hard fixtures such as tent or curtains.
  • the system can adapt to external forces (e.g. winds and temperature changes) either passively or actively.
  • a fifth aspect of the invention is a system and method for air distribution and containment which uses a plurality of columns that are portable and versatile, such that the user can determine the number and arrangement of columns based on the size of the desired microclimate.
  • a sixth aspect of the invention is a method of creating a microclimate of heated air by directing warm air into an area with minimal dispersion into the environment.
  • a seventh aspect of the invention is a method of creating a microclimate of cool air by directing cool air into an area with minimal dispersion into the environment.
  • An eighth aspect of the invention is a method of creating a microclimate of purified air by directing purified air into an area with minimal dispersion into the environment.
  • a ninth aspect of the invention is a column that creates one or more air curtains by channeling are out of two vertical vents, one with higher velocity or flow rate than the other.
  • a tenth aspect of the invention is a system and method for creating one or more air curtains which uses a plurality of columns wherein the columns direct conditioned air into a designated area with minimal loss to the surroundings.
  • An eleventh aspect of the invention is a column which uses dual slit vents to expel air in a "barrier" stream and a "delivery” stream.
  • the barrier stream minimizes external air penetration, entrainment and mixing while the delivery stream projects air towards the interior of a defined space or microclimate area.
  • a twelfth aspect of the invention is a method for creating a microclimate in a defined area by aligning one or more blowing devices around a desired microclimate zone. Each blowing device can expel a barrier stream of treated air and a delivery stream of treated air.
  • FIG. 1 A depicts a perspective view of a circular dual vertical slit column.
  • FIG. 1 B depicts a top view of a circular dual vertical slit column.
  • FIG. 2 depicts a top view of a circular dual vertical slit column. Arrows represent the direction of the air flow.
  • FIG. 4 depicts a preferred pathway arrangement of dual vertical slit columns and the resulting air flow regime.
  • FIG. 5 depicts a preferred pathway arrangement of dual vertical slit columns and the resulting air flow regime with external airflow disturbances.
  • the invention is primarily described for use to treat air in open environments, it is understood that the invention is not so limited and can be used in other environments. It can also be used indoors, for example, to create a sterile environment or to prevent smells or fumes from entering an area. Other applications include, for example, but not limited to, using the invention in a hospital or clinical setting to isolate a patient or prevent the spread of a gas or aerosol. Air can be treated in a number of ways, including ionization, sterilization, cooling, heating, irradiation, de- fuming, scenting and any combination of such treatments.
  • references in this specification to "one embodiment/aspect” or “an embodiment/aspect” means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment/aspect is included in at least one embodiment/aspect of the disclosure.
  • the use of the phrase “in one embodiment/aspect” or “in another embodiment/aspect” in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment/aspect, nor are separate or alternative embodiments/aspects mutually exclusive of other embodiments/aspects.
  • various features are described which may be exhibited by some embodiments/aspects and not by others.
  • various requirements are described which may be requirements for some embodiments/aspects but not for other embodiments/aspects.
  • Embodiment and aspect can be in certain instances be used interchangeably.
  • acute angle refers to an angle that measures greater than zero degrees and less than 90 degrees.
  • aggregate refers to something formed by the collection of units or particles into a body, mass, or amount.
  • air curtain refers to a device used to prevent air or contaminants from moving from one open space to another.
  • the most common use is a downward-facing blower fan mounted over an entrance to a building, or an opening between two spaces conditioned at different temperatures.
  • air velocity refers to the measurement of the rate of displacement of air or gas at a specific location, as when ascertaining wind speed or airspeed. It can also refer to the rate of motion of air in a given direction. It can be measured with an anemometer over a selected cross section, the area of which is also measured.
  • ambient refers to the surrounding or encompassing air or environment.
  • apparent temperature refers to the perceived temperature, caused by the combined effects of air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed/air flow.
  • strainment refers to the movement of one fluid or gas by another.
  • flow rate or "volume flow rate” refers to the volume of fluid which passes per unit time, usually measured in cubic meters per second.
  • inward refers to moving or directed toward the inside of something or toward the center.
  • microclimate refers to a local atmospheric zone where the climate differs from the surrounding area.
  • orientation angle refers to an angle that measures between 90 degrees and 180 degrees.
  • outward refers to moving or directed to the outside or away from something or away from the center.
  • parallel refers to extending in the same direction, equidistant at all points, and never converging or diverging.
  • peripheral refers to the line or relatively narrow space that marks the outer limit of something.
  • slit refers to a long narrow cut or opening.
  • sub-atmospheric or “subatmospheric” refers to an area where the air pressure is less or lower than atmospheric.
  • vent refers to an opening, as in a wall, serving as an outlet for air, smoke, fumes, or the like.
  • vortex refers to a mass of fluid or air with a whirling or circular motion that tends to form a cavity or vacuum in the center of the circle and to draw toward this cavity or vacuum bodies subject to its action. It can also refer to a region within a body of air in which the air elements have an angular velocity.
  • Fig. 1A depicts one aspect of a circular dual vertical slit air delivery column.
  • the column 100 is cylindrically shaped, however, alternative shapes can also be used.
  • the slits or vents extend along the length of the column 101.
  • one of the slits is wider than the other. This is also depicted in Fig. 1 B. Air is expelled from the wider vent 103 at a higher velocity or flow rate than from the narrow vent 102, achieving a momentum differential.
  • Fig. 2 depicts another aspect of a circular dual vertical slit air delivery column. Air flows from the wider vent 103 at a higher velocity or flow rate than the narrow vent 102.
  • the column can be designed to achieve this difference through passive means. That is, the disparity of air flow can be the result of using vents with different dimensions. In an alternative design, the difference in air flow can be achieved mechanically. For example, the column can use separate fans to create a different pressure at each vent.
  • Fig. 2 also shows the point downstream where the air channels merge 105.
  • This merge point can be manipulated by adjusting the exit air velocity or flow rate.
  • the system can bring the merge point further upstream by decreasing the air velocity or flow rate proportionally.
  • the system can push it further downstream by increasing the velocity or flow rate proportionally.
  • rotation of the merge point, around the column can be manipulated by altering the momentum differential between both slits, which may involve disproportionately increasing or decreasing the velocity or flow rate.
  • the air flow can generate vortices in the void space between the streams creating a sub-atmospheric microclimate zone 104 and causing the air streams to bend and merge at a point downstream 105.
  • the velocity plot of the air flow is illustrated in Fig. 3.
  • the air flow can be described in three stages, the first stage being closest to the column and the third stage furthest away.
  • Stage 1 In the initial stage (Stage 1 ) there are two distinct peaks in velocity. Air from the larger vent flows at a higher velocity.
  • Stage 2 In the second, intermediate stage (Stage 2), the air flows begin to merge.
  • Stage 3 In the final stage (Stage 3), the air flows merge as shown by a single peak that is slightly skewed toward the right.
  • a network of columns 100 is placed around the periphery of a defined area or along the sides of a rectangular area as shown in Fig. 4.
  • the columns 100 are arranged to produce a microclimate in the shape of a hallway or pathway.
  • Fig. 4 also demonstrate how the combined channels of air produce a microclimate.
  • each column expels one stream of air at a relatively low velocity 111 and one at a higher velocity 112.
  • the combined streams of air flowing from the columns produce an aggregate airflow or "macro airflow" 114. This produces a microclimate in the coverage area 115. Additional columns can be added to increase the length or area of the microclimate area.
  • the columns are preferably positioned such that the flow of high velocity air 112 is projected almost parallel (slightly inward) to the direction of the pathway.
  • the flow of low velocity air 111 is projected at a greater angle inward.
  • the projection of high velocity air minimizes penetration, entrainment and mixing.
  • the projection of low velocity air conditions the microclimate.
  • the projected air streams can create both an "air barrier” and a "delivery stream.”
  • the high velocity stream of air 112 creates an air barrier which minimizes penetration, entrainment and mixing with ambient air.
  • the low velocity stream 111 acts as a delivery stream to condition the air in the microclimate area.
  • the columns can be portable and produced in various sizes, depending on the desired size of the microclimate. Further, the user can increase the area of the microclimate by adding additional columns to cover the desired area. It is also possible to increase the velocity of the expelled air and simultaneously increase the distance of separation between the columns. In an alternative design of the columns, the user can manually adjust the width and angle of the vents.
  • Fig. 5 demonstrates how the invention produces an air flow with a sub- atmospheric microclimate zone that is resistant to perturbations.
  • the columns 100 are arranged along each side of a pathway. Each column expels one stream of air at a relatively low velocity 111 and one at a higher velocity 112.
  • the combined streams of air flowing from the columns produce an aggregate airflow or "macro airflow" 114. This airflow is resistant to external forces or winds 116. The resulting deflection of an external force 117 or wind is indicated in the figure.
  • a disruption within the system, such as blockage of an outlet stream will not necessarily stop the air flow either. Rather, the system can compensate via the second outlet stream where flow has not been hindered. For example, the velocity of the delivery stream can increase if the barrier stream is hindered. Thus, the use of a dual slit vent system also provides this "passive" stability.
  • the velocity of the vented air can increase or the tower can rotate to compensate for stronger perturbations such as external winds.
  • the change in velocity or rotation can be automatic, by using a computer or operating module linked to one or more sensors, such as an anemometer, to detect perturbations.
  • the system can include a motor to rotate the tower and a system to control the motor based on feedback from the sensor.
  • Air can be treated in a centralized conditioning unit and then delivered to the columns with a duct system.
  • the columns can be equipped with internal systems to treat ambient air.
  • the air can be treated based on ambient conditions and account for the temperature, humidity and the levels of pollutants.
  • the air can be cooled, heated, purified or any combination thereof.
  • the stream of high velocity air influences and induces the flow and entrainment on the external air. Positioning the air streams parallel to the pathway ensures that this induced flow is not pulled toward the center of the pathway. The air flows along the periphery of the area as illustrated in Fig. 5. Moreover, the high velocity air stream acts as a protective barrier that prevents significant penetration from occurring and disturbing the internal air flow.
  • the combined efforts of the towers generate an aggregate airflow or "macro" airflow which covers the area inside of the pathway as illustrated in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5.
  • the air flow from the internal slit vents delivers conditioned air into this area.
  • the higher velocity flow acts to entrain the low velocity air flow, preventing disruption from exterior wind or pressure.
  • the result is a broad and even flow of air across and along the width and length of the pathway.
  • the columns can be arranged to create microclimate zones of other shapes.
  • the air from the vents can be expelled at the same velocity or flow rate.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Duct Arrangements (AREA)
  • Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
  • Materials For Photolithography (AREA)
  • Adhesive Tapes (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système et un procédé destinés à créer un microclimat dans un environnement ouvert ou extérieur. Un réseau de colonnes est disposé autour des bords longs d'une voie ou d'une autre zone définie. Chaque colonne expulse de l'air à partir de deux évents verticaux. L'air est expulsé d'un évent orienté vers l'extérieur à une vitesse supérieure à celle d'un évent orienté vers l'intérieur afin de créer une série de tourbillons et un microclimat dans une zone définie. L'air ventilé est refroidi, chauffé, purifié ou traité autrement.
PCT/SG2016/050548 2015-12-23 2016-11-04 Procédé et appareil de distribution et de confinement d'air dans un environnement ouvert Ceased WO2017111699A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/SG2015/050501 WO2017111696A1 (fr) 2015-12-23 2015-12-23 Procédé de distribution et de confinement d'air et système associé
SGPCT/SG2015/050501 2015-12-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2017111699A1 true WO2017111699A1 (fr) 2017-06-29

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PCT/SG2015/050501 Ceased WO2017111696A1 (fr) 2015-12-23 2015-12-23 Procédé de distribution et de confinement d'air et système associé
PCT/SG2016/050548 Ceased WO2017111699A1 (fr) 2015-12-23 2016-11-04 Procédé et appareil de distribution et de confinement d'air dans un environnement ouvert

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PCT/SG2015/050501 Ceased WO2017111696A1 (fr) 2015-12-23 2015-12-23 Procédé de distribution et de confinement d'air et système associé

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EP (1) EP3394520A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2015417854A1 (fr)
SG (1) SG11201804201PA (fr)
WO (2) WO2017111696A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108626837A (zh) * 2018-03-05 2018-10-09 中国矿业大学 一种柱式均匀送风装置与方法
JP2023146138A (ja) * 2022-03-29 2023-10-12 大和ハウス工業株式会社 除塵システム

Citations (2)

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JP2008185274A (ja) * 2007-01-30 2008-08-14 Sharp Corp 空気調和機
CN203083028U (zh) * 2013-02-05 2013-07-24 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 空调器

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DE2450092A1 (de) * 1974-10-22 1976-04-29 Castelli Kg Vorrichtung zur verteilung von klimatisierter luft
GB2153066B (en) * 1983-11-14 1987-03-04 Sandor Vaci Air distributor
BE1021507B1 (nl) * 2012-12-24 2015-12-03 Handelsmaatschappij Willy Deweerdt Bvba Inrichting voor het genereren van een luchtwand
CN203454331U (zh) * 2013-09-24 2014-02-26 鞍山徕亚机械设备有限公司 大型厂房气流推射运载式通风系统

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008185274A (ja) * 2007-01-30 2008-08-14 Sharp Corp 空気調和機
CN203083028U (zh) * 2013-02-05 2013-07-24 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 空调器

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Title
"Event cooling and heating: back to the basics", RENTAL MANAGEMENT, 31 October 2014 (2014-10-31), XP055395836, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://www.rentaimanagementmag.com/Art/tabid/232/Articleld/21528> *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2015417854A1 (en) 2018-05-31
EP3394520A1 (fr) 2018-10-31
WO2017111696A1 (fr) 2017-06-29
SG11201804201PA (en) 2018-06-28

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