WO2017191843A1 - 高分子化薬物含有医薬組成物 - Google Patents
高分子化薬物含有医薬組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- 0 C*C(C(*C(*C(C(CCc1ccccc1)C(NC(C[C@@](CC1C)O[C@@](C[C@@](C2)(C(CO)=O)O)c(c(O)c3C(c(c4ccc5)c5OC)=O)c2c(O)c3C4=O)[C@@]1O[C@]1OCCCC1)O)C(O)=O)c1ccccc1)C(O)=O)C(O)=O Chemical compound C*C(C(*C(*C(C(CCc1ccccc1)C(NC(C[C@@](CC1C)O[C@@](C[C@@](C2)(C(CO)=O)O)c(c(O)c3C(c(c4ccc5)c5OC)=O)c2c(O)c3C4=O)[C@@]1O[C@]1OCCCC1)O)C(O)=O)c1ccccc1)C(O)=O)C(O)=O 0.000 description 1
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polymerized drug-containing pharmaceutical composition, particularly an injection and a method for producing the same.
- anticancer drugs also called antitumor agents and anticancer agents
- Conventional anticancer drugs are mostly those with a molecular weight of 1500 or less, and in most cases, they are uniformly diffused in the body, so they have side effects on normal organs and are selected for tumors. The toxicity is poor. Therefore, it is difficult to increase the dose by using these anticancer agents in anticipation of a stronger effect, resulting in increased side effects.
- the present inventors have increased the molecular weight by, for example, combining an anticancer drug and a biocompatible polymer to eliminate excretion (disappearance) from the blood via the kidney.
- excretion excretion
- the retention in the blood is prolonged, and by utilizing the state of increased vascular permeability (leakage) of a solid tumor, this polymerized drug is more selectively leaked to the extravascular space in the tumor region.
- EPR enhanced permeability and retention
- THP polyhydroxypropylmethacrylamide
- SMA styrene-maleic acid copolymer
- ZnPP Zn-prototoporphyrin
- Non-patent Documents 5 to 8 For example, bradykinin, nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide and substances that promote their production, ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) inhibitors, and the like are non-patent documents 5 to 8. NO-releasing agents and ACE inhibitors related to tumor local NO concentrations enhance the EPR effect of tumors by 2 to 3 times, and similarly increase the tumor delivery of the above polymerized drugs by 2 to 3 times (Non-Patent Documents 5 to 5). 8).
- High-molecular-weight drugs have a relatively uniform molecular weight distribution due to a particularly complex high-order functional structure or intermolecular interaction, but the intermolecular interaction is strong, resulting in further complex
- the higher-order structure cannot be maintained, or polymerized drug molecules associate with each other and form aggregates due to the interaction between complex side-chain molecules being inhibited.
- stability is low.
- the association between molecules is too strong to disperse or dissolve in an aqueous solution.
- Stability is a particularly serious problem in micelles and liposome preparations that take the form of a polymer due to association between molecules. For example, when there is a problem in the stability of micelles or liposome preparations in solution, the ability to form micelles may be lost, or the contained drug may be released (released).
- polymerized drugs such as micelle preparations and so-called nanomedicine, dissolve in a powder (solid) state in an aqueous solvent and are often used as injections. It was.
- the inventors of the present invention dissolved a polymerized drug (for example, P-THP) in an aqueous solvent to prepare an injection, and provided predetermined dissolution acceleration and / or stability.
- a polymerized drug for example, P-THP
- the dissolution time of the polymerized drug in the aqueous solvent can be shortened, that is, the dissolution of the polymerized drug can be promoted, and the ester bond and hydrazone bond in the drug molecule in the aqueous solution can be promoted.
- the present invention includes the following.
- a pharmaceutical composition comprising a polymerized drug, a dissolution promoting and / or stabilizing agent, and an aqueous solvent, wherein the dissolution promoting and / or stabilizing agent comprises: (1) protein, (2) synthetic polymer, (3) sugar or sugar alcohol, (4) inorganic salts, (5) amino acids, (6) phospholipid, (7) aliphatic alcohol, (8) at least one selected from the group consisting of medium chain fatty acids, and (9) mucopolysaccharides, Pharmaceutical composition.
- the pharmaceutical composition according to the above [1] having a pH of 7.0 to 8.0.
- a pharmaceutical composition comprising a polymerized drug and a dissolution promoting and / or stabilizing agent, wherein the dissolution promoting and / or stabilizing agent comprises: (1) protein, (2) synthetic polymer, (3) sugar or sugar alcohol, (4) inorganic salts, (5) amino acids, (6) phospholipid, (7) aliphatic alcohol, (8) at least one selected from the group consisting of medium chain fatty acids, and (9) mucopolysaccharides, Pharmaceutical composition.
- a pharmaceutical composition comprising a polymerized drug and an EPR effect and / or antitumor effect enhancer, wherein the EPR effect and / or antitumor effect enhancer comprises: (1) nitroglycerin, (2) Arginine, (3) hydroxyurea, (4) Nitrosourea, At least one selected from the group consisting of: Pharmaceutical composition.
- the dissolution time of the polymerized drug (for example, P-THP) in the aqueous solvent can be significantly shortened by a predetermined dissolution promoting and / or stabilizing agent, that is, The dissolution of the polymerized drug can be promoted, and the stability of the polymerized drug in the solution can be remarkably improved.
- the EPR effect, tumor delivery, antitumor effect and the like of the polymerized drug can be remarkably enhanced in addition to the above effects by a specific dissolution promoting and / or stabilizing agent. Therefore, when the antitumor agent is used as a drug, for example, the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is remarkably excellent as an antitumor pharmaceutical composition.
- the EPR effect can be enhanced by administration in the state of the present composition rather than administration of the single agent as a fluorescent probe for a tumor, so that higher tumor accumulation Is very useful.
- the dosage form of the polymerized drug enables an injection that can be easily removed when a specific aqueous solution or the like is added at the time of use, and can improve the stability of the injection.
- the EPR effect, tumor delivery, antitumor effect, etc. of the polymerized drug can be enhanced, its therapeutic effect can be enhanced and side effects can be reduced.
- the EPR effect, tumor delivery, antitumor effect, etc. of the polymerized drug can be obtained. Can be significantly enhanced.
- FIG. 1 shows the pH-dependent pirarubicin release of polyhydroxypropylmethacrylamide (HPMA) -conjugated THP (P-THP).
- FIG. 2 shows the effect of each drug on the water solubility of P-THP lyophilizate.
- FIG. 3 shows the results of analyzing the stability of the polymer-bound anticancer agent P-THP (hydrazone bond) under various solutions, pH, and temperature conditions (A-G) using an HPLC-TSK3000 column. The vertical axis shows the amount of pirarubicin (THP) produced by decomposition (absorption 488 nm).
- FIG. 3A shows the results for the 3% arginine buffer, but the 1% arginine buffer had similar data.
- FIG. 4 shows the analysis results of P-THP using Sephacryl S-300. Elution solution: A is 0.1 ⁇ M sodium bicarbonate (pH 8.2), B is 3% arginine (pH 8.5), and C is PBS (0.01 M phosphate, 0.15 NaCl, pH 7.4) buffer. Both A and B are sharp single peaks and show a single molecular weight distribution. In PBS, as shown in Fig.
- FIG. 5 shows the enhancement by nitroglycerin of the antitumor effect of P-THP on tumors (advanced breast cancer).
- FIG. 6 shows the enhancement by nitroglycerin of the antitumor effect of P-THP on S180 transplanted mice.
- FIG. 7 shows the enhancement of the antitumor effect of P-THP by each EPR effect and / or antitumor effect potentiator for azoxymethane-induced mouse colon cancer.
- the “polymerized drug” in the present invention is not particularly limited, and is formed from a drug such as an anticancer drug and a biocompatible polymer, and includes a conjugate or a complex via a covalent bond or a non-covalent bond. .
- the “drug” in the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include neocartinostatin (NCS), pirarubicin (THP), anti-cancer agents such as Zn-protoporphyrin (ZnPP), rose bengal, methylene blue, acridine, acriflavine, Fluorescent molecules such as acridine onolene and indocyanine green are mentioned, and anticancer agents such as THP and ZnPP are preferred.
- NCS neocartinostatin
- THP pirarubicin
- ZnPP anti-cancer agents
- rose bengal methylene blue
- acridine acriflavine
- Fluorescent molecules such as acridine onolene and indocyanine green are mentioned, and anticancer agents such as THP and ZnPP are preferred.
- biocompatible polymer examples include polyhydroxypropyl methacrylamide (HPMA) polymer, styrene-maleic acid copolymer (SMA), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and preferably HPMA polymer and SMA. .
- HPMA polyhydroxypropyl methacrylamide
- SMA styrene-maleic acid copolymer
- PEG polyethylene glycol
- HPMA polymer and SMA preferably HPMA polymer and SMA.
- amides and esters are widely used, but hydrazone bonds are also widely used because they have a weak acid environment responsiveness (drug withdrawal) function (F. Kratz et al, Drug Deliv.
- R1 is a bond between maleic acid, aconitylic acid and the amino group of a drug (for example, an anticancer compound)
- the drug is dissociated under weakly acidic pH or in the presence of 0.1% SDS (Na dodecyl sulfate).
- Examples of the conjugate / complex of the drug and the biocompatible polymer include conjugates / complexes described in WO / 2003/018007, WO2004 / 103409, WO2006 / 112361, WO 2013/035750, WO 2015/076312, and the like.
- Examples thereof include P-THP, P-ZnPP, SMA-ZnPP, SMA-THP, PEG-THP, PEG-ZnPP, and SMA-CDDP.
- the thing of the following Table 1 etc. are mentioned.
- the in vivo stability of the conjugate varies greatly depending on the type of chemical bond, and in the presence of a serum component, it becomes easier to decompose in the order of ether, amide, ester, and hydrazine bond.
- hydrazone is most susceptible to cleavage at low pH.
- the ester bond due to cleavage by animal serum varies greatly depending on the difference between animals, and becomes slower in the order of mouse, rat>rabbit> human.
- human colorectal cancer homogenates are cleaved earlier than normal tissues, and become slower in the order of ester>amide> ether (Tsukigawa et al, Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm 89, 259-270 (2015)).
- the above conjugates (1) to (3) are prepared from amino group, carboxyl group or ketone group present in THP molecule, maleic anhydride group or carboxyl group of SMA, or hydroxyl group of HPMA, or WO 2015/076312
- An ester bond, an amide bond, or a hydrazone bond is formed through a linker such as hydrazine presented in the above to form a conjugate.
- Such conjugates include, for example, WO 2013/035750, WO 2015/076312, H. Nakamura et al, J. Control Release (2014) 174, p81-87, H. Nakamura et al, J. Control Release (2013 165, p191-198, etc., and can be produced by the methods described in these documents.
- the “solubility promoting and / or stabilizing agent” used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can improve the solubility and / or stability of the polymerized drug in an aqueous solvent. Things include: (1) Protein: human serum albumin, transferrin, immunoglobulin, solubilized gelatin, succinylated (acylated) gelatin, modified gelatin, etc. (2) Synthetic polymers: polyethylene glycol (PEG), polypropylene glycol, vinyl alcohol, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, hydroxypropylmethacrylamide (HPMA) polymer, etc.
- PEG polyethylene glycol
- HPMA hydroxypropylmethacrylamide
- Phospholipid lecithin, etc.
- Aliphatic alcohol cetyl alcohol, etc.
- Medium chain fatty acids Fatty acids having 5 to 10 carbon atoms such as octylic acid (9)
- Mucopolysaccharides hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate and the like. These may be approved by the Japanese Pharmacopoeia or may be unapproved. Moreover, these can use 2 or more types together.
- amino acids arginine, arginine, etc.
- Glycine, citrulline, etc. sodium bicarbonate, PEG and the like.
- the blending amount of the dissolution promoting and / or stabilizing agent is usually 0.01 to 50 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 1 part by weight of the polymerized drug.
- the “aqueous solvent” used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can be used for injections and the like, and water such as distilled water, deionized water, purified water, sterilized purified water, and water for injection, these waters.
- water such as distilled water, deionized water, purified water, sterilized purified water, and water for injection, these waters.
- physiological saline (5%), 5% sodium bicarbonate water, Ringer's solution and the like can be mentioned.
- the pH is usually 9.0 or less, preferably 7.8 to 8.7, 7.0 to 8.0, and the like.
- the osmotic pressure is not particularly limited.
- Drugs bound via hydrazone bonds, maleylamide bonds, etc. such as the above conjugates (1) and (2) can be released from the polymer and released when the solution is at acidic pH (FIG. 1). Therefore, when the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is a liquid, its pH is preferably 6.0 or more, more preferably 7.5 to 9.0, 7.8 to 8.7, 7.0 to 8.0, and the like.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be produced by a conventional method in the pharmaceutical field.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention which is a liquid preparation such as an injection, contains the polymerized drug and the dissolution-accelerating and / or stabilizing agent in 10 ml to 1 l of an aqueous solvent (aqueous solution). It can be produced by dissolving the above-mentioned dissolution promoting and / or stabilizing agent at a ratio of 0.01 g to 50 g (preferably 0.1 g to 10 g) with respect to 1 g.
- the concentrations of the polymerized drug and the dissolution promoting and / or stabilizing agent can be appropriately set according to the desired effect and administration method (intravenous injection, infusion, etc.).
- the concentration of the polymerized drug can be 0.01 to 60% (w / v), and particularly 0.1 to 20% (w / v).
- the concentration of the dissolution promoting and / or stabilizing agent may be 0.1 to 10% (w / v), particularly 1 to 10% (w / v).
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may not contain an aqueous solvent. That is, the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention comprises a polymerized drug, a dissolution promoting and / or stabilizing agent in addition to a pharmaceutical composition containing the polymerized drug, a dissolution promoting and / or stabilizing agent and an aqueous solvent. Also included are pharmaceutical compositions.
- the pharmaceutical composition comprising the polymerized drug and the dissolution promoting and / or stabilizing agent in the present invention can be produced by a conventional method in the pharmaceutical field. For example, it can be produced by simply mixing a polymerized drug with a dissolution promoting and / or stabilizing agent.
- such a pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can also be produced by lyophilizing the above solution by a conventional method. In this case, the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be stably stored for a longer period as a solid preparation (solid injection).
- the polymerized drug and the dissolution promoting and / or stabilizing agent may each be a single solid preparation or a mixed solid preparation. These solid preparations may also be mixed with various additives used in aqueous solvents. Moreover, it can also be set as the kit which consists of a some formulation.
- the above solid preparation can be dissolved in an arbitrary volume of distilled water at the time of use, and can be dissolved in a small amount (about 10 ml) of distilled water to give an injection, or more distilled water (10 ml to 500 ml, preferably 200 to 500 ml). It may be dissolved in 300 ml) as an intravenous infusion.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is preferably an injection.
- the “injection” in the present invention includes aqueous injection, suspension injection, emulsion injection, solid injection, intravenous infusion, infusion preparation and the like.
- an injection for intravenous injection or intravenous injection is preferred.
- the dissolution-promoting and / or stabilizing agent may be used in the same or separate route, simultaneously or separately, as a single preparation with the polymerized drug, or as separate preparations.
- the preparation containing the polymerized drug can be administered intravenously, and the dissolution promoting and / or stabilizing agent can be administered intraperitoneally.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may contain an EPR effect and / or an antitumor effect enhancer in addition to the dissolution promoting and / or stabilizing agent or separately from the dissolution promoting and / or stabilizing agent.
- the EPR effect and / or antitumor effect potentiator is not particularly limited as long as it is a drug that can enhance the EPR effect and / or antitumor effect.
- NG nitroglycerin
- ISDN isosorbitedinitrate
- CORM2 carbon monoxide CO-releasing agent ruthenium carbonate
- hemin-oxygenaze-1 which is one of the CO synthases, or hemin derivatives (eg PEGylated hemin) capable of inducing
- prostagland it is a stable formulation of derivatives of Jin I 2 Berapurosu Na, (i) NO (nitrogen monoxide) synthase (nitrogen monoxide synthase, NOS) substrates, such as arginine (L-arginine), citrulline, (j) NO release agents, such as nitropruzide, Nitric acid, nitroamyl alcohol, S-nitroso-glutathione, S-nitroglutathione, S-nitroso-cysteine, (k) urea derivatives such as hydroxyurea, nitrosourea and the like.
- ISDN nitroglycerin
- perdipine ACE inhibitor
- nitroprusside nitrosoaminoalcohol
- rosartan antihypertensive agent arginine, hydroxyurea, nitrosourea, etc.
- nitroglycerin, arginine, hydroxyurea etc. Is mentioned.
- arginine which is a substrate for NO synthase (NOS)
- NOS NO synthase
- the production of NO at the tumor site can be continuously maintained, and the EPR effect can be continuously increased as in the case of NG.
- citrulline is useful because it becomes arginosuccinate in the arginine synthesis cycle and then arginine, which is also a raw material for NO production.
- nitrite ions are converted to NO by nitrite reductase in tumors with lower oxygen partial pressure, resulting in enhanced EPR effect (T. Seki et al, Cancer Science ( 2009) 100, 2426-2430).
- the blending amount of the EPR effect and / or antitumor effect enhancer in the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as a desired effect is obtained, and can be, for example, 1 ⁇ g to 100 mg / vial.
- the concentration can be 0.1 to 30 (w / v), particularly 1 to 10% (w / v).
- the EPR effect and / or antitumor effect enhancer can be mixed at any stage of the method for producing the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention.
- it may be preliminarily dissolved in the aqueous solvent, or may be mixed with the polymerized drug and / or the dissolution promoting and / or stabilizing agent, and further the polymerized drug and / or the above It may be added to the aqueous solvent simultaneously with the dissolution promoting and / or stabilizing agent.
- the EPR effect and / or antitumor effect potentiator may be the same or different, either as a single preparation with the polymerized drug, or as separate preparations, simultaneously or separately. By route, it can be administered to a patient (a mammal such as a human).
- the preparation containing the polymerized drug can be administered orally, and the EPR effect and / or antitumor effect enhancer can be administered by application.
- arginine can be used as a dissolution promoting and / or stabilizing agent as well as an EPR effect and / or antitumor effect enhancing agent.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is a liquid preparation containing arginine
- the concentration of arginine is usually 0.01 to 30% (w / v), preferably 0.1 to 10% (w / v)
- the pH of the liquid preparation is usually 7.0 to 9.0, preferably 7.8 to 9.5, 8.0 to 9.0, around 8.2 to 8.8, 7.0 to 8.0, and the like.
- glucose or mannitol may be added to the solution at 0.1 to 10% (w / v), preferably around 8% (w / v), and ISDN, nitroglycerin, or perdipine is added in an appropriate amount (1 ⁇ g). ⁇ 100mg / vial) may be added.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may contain various additives for pharmaceutical preparations such as pH adjusters, dispersants, wetting agents, stabilizers, preservatives, suspending agents, surfactants and the like, if desired. . These usage-amounts can be determined by a conventional method.
- mice Each ml was intravenously administered to S-180 mice (tumor model). At this time, the mouse tumor size was 5 to 7 mm in diameter. The next day, each solid tumor was dissected and extracted, and Evans Blue was extracted by a conventional method, and Evans Blue leaked by absorption at 560 nm was quantified (see Non-Patent Document 1). The results are shown in Table 2.
- aqueous solutions were 1 to 10%, 0.3 M (mol / l) arginine / arginine HCl buffer solution or 1 to 5% sodium bicarbonate / sodium carbonate buffer solution, all of which were adjusted to pH 8.5. Subsequently, the solubility was visually determined under shaking. The time until complete dissolution was visually measured with a stopwatch. The results are shown in Table 3 below and FIG.
- aqueous solution 0.3M arginine / arginine HCl buffer solution or 3% sodium bicarbonate / sodium carbonate buffer solution (pH 8.0 to 9.0) was used in the same manner as in Table 3 below.
- the complete dissolution time of P-THP was measured with a stopwatch according to the method described in Test Example 2 under shaking. The results are shown in Table 4 together with various aqueous solutions used in the test, their concentrations, and their pHs.
- the water-solubility of P-THP was greatly improved by using a predetermined accelerating and / or stabilizing agent such as arginine.
- Test Example 4 A lyophilized product of P-THP prepared in the same manner as in Test Example 2 was used as a sample.
- As an aqueous solution 0.1M acetic acid / sodium acetate buffer (pH 6.0), 0.1M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0, 8.2, 8.6), 0.3M arginine / arginine HCl buffer or 3% sodium bicarbonate / sodium carbonate A buffer solution (pH 8.5) was used.
- FIG. 3A shows the results for the 3% arginine buffer, but the 1% arginine buffer showed almost the same results.
- 3E to 3G show the results of 0.3 M arginine / arginine HCl buffer (pH 8.5), but 3% sodium bicarbonate / sodium carbonate buffer (pH 8.5) showed almost the same results. From this result, it was found that P-THP showed the best stability in the vicinity of pH 8.5 of arginine buffer and sodium bicarbonate buffer.
- Test Example 5 Sample: P-THP prepared in the same manner as in Test Example 2 was used as a sample.
- Method: Solution A (Example 20: 0.1 M sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution, pH 8.2), Solution B (Example 21: 3% arginine buffer, pH 8.5), Solution C (Comparative Example 10: PBS (0.01 M phosphoric acid) , 0.15M NaCl) and pH 7.4) were dissolved in P-THP and allowed to stand at room temperature for 24 hours. Subsequently, Sephacryl S300 column chromatography ( ⁇ 1.8 ⁇ 70 cm) was performed. The column was eluted using the same solution for each.
- pirarubicin (THP) released under the above conditions was measured by absorption at 488 nm using HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) JSK Gel SW3000, elution 80% methanol, 20% 0.1M Na acetic acid pH7.0 mixture. .
- HPLC High Performance Liquid Chromatography
- JSK Gel SW3000 elution 80% methanol, 20% 0.1M Na acetic acid pH7.0 mixture.
- FIG. 4C both the A and B solutions showed a sharp single clean peak.
- a decomposition product of THP was generated as indicated by the arrow on the FIG. 4C graph. No peak uniformity was observed.
- the peak width of C was wider than that of A and B. Therefore, it can be seen that arginine and sodium bicarbonate buffer are superior to PBS.
- the dose of P-THP was 5 mg / kg in all cases.
- Tumor volume (mm 3 ) was measured from day 0 to day 140 after administration of these drugs (FIG. 5).
- the group to which nitroglycerin was applied in addition to P-THP administration showed a significantly higher tumor suppressing effect than the group with only P-THP.
- mice with S-180 mouse sarcoma were administered intravenous (iv) only with P-THP (15 mg) (P-THP group), or in addition to P-THP (15 mg) iv administration
- P-THP group P-THP
- Nitroglycerin 0.1 mg / mouse
- Tumor volume mm 3
- FIG. 6 Tumor volume
- Test Example 8 A mouse colorectal tumor model that developed on the 100th day after administration of azoxymethane (AZM) (10 mg / kg intraperitoneal (ip) administration) and Nadextran sulfate (2%, 0.2-1.0 ml oral (po) administration) for 1 week
- Azoxymethane (AZM) (10 mg / kg intraperitoneal (ip) administration) and Nadextran sulfate (2%, 0.2-1.0 ml oral (po) administration
- 15 mg / kg of P-THP was administered iv once (P-THP group), and in addition to iv administration of P-THP (15 mg), nitroglycerin ointment (0.1 mg / mouse) was applied (P- THP + NG group), P-THP (15 mg) administration, L-arginine (10-50 mg / mouse) ip administration (P-THP + Arg group), or P-THP (15 mg) administration Then, hydroxyurea (
- the diameter of the tumor nodule referred to here is that rhodamine-labeled BSA (bovine serum albumin) 1 mg / mouse is intravenously injected, the next day the mouse is excised with urethane anesthesia, and the size of the fluorescent nodule of the tumor nodule is measured by IVIS device It is the value of the result of measuring the thickness with calipers.
- the P-THP + NG group, the P-THP + Arg group, and the P-THP + HU group all showed a significantly higher tumor suppressing effect than the P-THP group.
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、高分子化薬物含有医薬組成物、特に注射剤およびその製造方法に関する。
安定性は、分子間の会合により高分子の形態をとっているミセルやリポゾーム製剤において特に大きな問題である。例えば、ミセルやリポゾーム製剤の溶液中での安定性に問題がある場合、ミセルの形成能が喪失したり、内包されている薬物が放出(遊離)したりする虞があった。
したがって、本発明は、以下を含む。
[1] 高分子化薬物と、溶解促進および/または安定化剤と、水系溶媒を含む、医薬組成物であって、該溶解促進および/または安定化剤が、
(1)タンパク質、
(2)合成ポリマー、
(3)糖または糖アルコール、
(4)無機塩類、
(5)アミノ酸、
(6)リン脂質、
(7)脂肪族アルコール、
(8)中鎖脂肪酸、および
(9)ムコ多糖
からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、
医薬組成物。
[2] pHが7.0~8.0である、上記[1]に記載の医薬組成物。
[3] 注射剤である、上記[1]または[2]に記載の医薬組成物。
[4] 高分子化薬物が、P-THP、P-ZnPP、SMA-THP、SMA-ZnPP、PEG-THP、およびPEG-ZnPPからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、上記[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物。
[5] 高分子化薬物における薬物と高分子との結合が、アミド結合、エステル結合、ヒドラゾン結合、およびシッフ塩基による結合からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、上記[1]~[4]のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物。
[6] 高分子化薬物における薬物と高分子との結合が、ヒドラゾン結合である、上記[5]に記載の医薬組成物。
[7] 溶解促進および/または安定化剤が、アルギニンおよびシトルリンからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、上記[1]~[6]のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物。
[8] さらに、EPR効果および/または抗腫瘍効果増強剤を含む、上記[1]~[7]のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物。
[9] 制癌または抗腫瘍用である、上記[1]~[8]のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物。
[10] 高分子化薬物と、溶解促進および/または安定化剤と、水系溶媒を混合する工程を含む、上記[1]~[9]のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物の製造方法。
[11] 高分子化薬物と、溶解促進および/または安定化剤を含む、医薬組成物であって、該溶解促進および/または安定化剤が、
(1)タンパク質、
(2)合成ポリマー、
(3)糖または糖アルコール、
(4)無機塩類、
(5)アミノ酸、
(6)リン脂質、
(7)脂肪族アルコール、
(8)中鎖脂肪酸、および
(9)ムコ多糖
からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、
医薬組成物。
[12] さらに、EPR効果および/または抗腫瘍効果増強剤を含む、上記[11]に記載の医薬組成物。
[13] 高分子化薬物と、EPR効果および/または抗腫瘍効果増強剤を含む、医薬組成物であって、該EPR効果および/または抗腫瘍効果増強剤が、
(1)ニトログリセリン、
(2)アルギニン、
(3)ヒドロキシウレア、
(4)ニトロソウレア、
からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、
医薬組成物。
[14] さらに、溶解促進および/または安定化剤を含む、上記[13]に記載の医薬組成物。
[15] 高分子化薬物に、
(1)タンパク質、
(2)合成ポリマー、
(3)糖または糖アルコール、
(4)無機塩類、
(5)アミノ酸、
(6)リン脂質、
(7)脂肪族アルコール、
(8)中鎖脂肪酸、および
(9)ムコ多糖
からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である溶解促進および/または安定化剤を混合することを含む、高分子化薬物の溶解促進および/または安定化方法。
したがって、本発明の医薬組成物は、例えば薬物として抗腫瘍剤を用いた場合、抗腫瘍用医薬組成物として顕著に優れている。また、例えば薬物として蛍光分子を用いた場合、腫瘍に対する蛍光プローブとしてその単剤の投与よりも、本組成物の状態で投与することによってEPR効果の増強を促すことができるので、より高い腫瘍集積を認めるので非常に有用である。
特に、アミドとエステルが広く用いられているが、ヒドラゾン結合も、弱酸環境応答性(薬物の離脱性)の機能を有するため、広く用いられている(F. Kratz et al, Drug Deliv. 6, 89-95 (1999); Bioorganic Med. Chem. Lett. 7, 617-622 (1997)など)。
また、アミド結合においてもR1がマレイル酸、アコニチル酸と、薬物(例えば制癌剤化合物)のアミノ基との結合の場合、弱酸性pH下あるいは0.1%SDS(Naドデシル硫酸)存在下で薬物が解離する。
・分子量(MW): > 40 KDa
・大きさ/DLS: ~50 nm
・表面電荷: -28 mV
・THP負荷量: 1~50%、好ましくは10% (w/w)
・細胞取込: Doxの> × 10 ~ × 100
・Plasma t1/2: THPの100~200倍
・DL50: 100~200 mg/kg(原薬剤に比べて~10倍良好:つまり低毒性となっている)
・Tumor/blood: THPの> 110~200
・インビトロ細胞毒性: 遊離THPの0.5~50%
また、動物の血清による切断によるエステル結合については動物の格差により大きく異なり、マウス、ラット>ウサギ>ヒトの順に遅くなる。また、ヒト大腸癌のホモジェネートは正常組織より早く切断され、エステル>アミド>エーテルの順に遅くなる(Tsukigawa et al, Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm 89, 259-270 (2015))。
このような結合体は、例えば、WO 2013/035750、WO 2015/076312、H. Nakamura et al, J. Control Release (2014) 174, p81-87、H. Nakamura et al, J. Control Release (2013) 165, p191-198などに記載されており、これらの文献に記載された方法により製造することができる。
(1)タンパク質:ヒト血清アルブミン、トランスフェエリン、イムノグロブリン、可溶化ゼラチン、サクシニル化(アシル化)ゼラチン、修飾ゼラチンなど、
(2)合成ポリマー:ポリエチレングリコール(PEG)、ポリプロピレングリコール、ビニルアルコール、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリビニルピロリドン、ヒドロキシプロピルメタアクリルアミド(HPMA)ポリマーなど、
(3)糖または糖アルコール:メチルセルソルブ、グリチルリジン、グルコース、マニトール(マンニトール)、マルトース、ソルビトール、ソルビン酸、乳糖、トレハロース、デキストラン、シクロデキストリン、グリセリン(グリセロール)、可溶化デンプンなど、
(4)無機塩類:重炭酸ソーダなど、
(5)アミノ酸:グリシン、グリシルグリシン、アラニン、セリン、スレオニン、グルタチオン、システイン、アルギニン(L-アルギニン)、リジン、ヒスチジン、オルニチン、シトルリンなど、
(6)リン脂質:レシチンなど、
(7)脂肪族アルコール:セチルアルコールなど、
(8)中鎖脂肪酸:炭素数5~10の脂肪酸、例えばオクチル酸など、
(9)ムコ多糖:ヒアルロン酸、コンドロイチン硫酸など。
これらは、日本薬局方で承認されているものでもよく、未承認のものでもよい。また、これらは、2種類以上を併用することができる。
本発明の医薬組成物においては、高分子結合薬物の溶解性の向上、安定性の向上、分解性の抑制、EPR効果の増強、腫瘍デリバリー、抗腫瘍効果などの観点から、特にアミノ酸(アルギニン、グリシン、シトルリンなど)、重炭酸ソーダ、PEGなどが挙げられる。
また、上記高分子化薬物および上記溶解促進および/または安定化剤の濃度は、所望の効果、投与方法(静注射、点滴注入剤など)に合わせて適宜設定することができる。例えば、高分子化薬物の濃度として、0.01~60%(w/v)を挙げることができ、特に0.1~20%(w/v)を挙げることができる。また、例えば、上記溶解促進および/または安定化剤の濃度として、0.1~10%(w/v)を挙げることができ、特に1~10%(w/v)を挙げることができる。
本発明における高分子化薬物と溶解促進および/または安定化剤を含む医薬組成物は、製剤分野の定法により製造することができる。例えば、高分子化薬物と溶解促進および/または安定化剤を単に混合することにより製造することができる。
また、そのような本発明の医薬組成物は、上記液剤を常法により凍結乾燥することによっても製造することができる。この場合、本発明の医薬組成物は、固形製剤(固形注射剤)として、より長期の保存を安定に行うこともできる。
好ましくは、ISDN、ニトログリセリン、ペルジピン、ACE阻害剤、ニトロプルシッド、ニトロソアミノアルコール、ロザルタン系降圧剤、アルギニン、ヒドロキシウレア、ニトロソウレアなどが挙げられ、特に好ましくはニトログリセリン、アルギニン、ヒドロキシウレアなどが挙げられる。
また、上記(j)の薬剤について、亜硝酸イオンは、より酸素分圧の低い腫瘍部では亜硝酸還元酵素によりNOに変換され、EPR効果の増強をもたらす(T. Seki et al, Cancer Science (2009) 100, 2426-2430)。
試料:ポリヒドロキシプロピルメタアクリルアミド結合ピラルビシン(ヒドラゾン結合)(P-THP)(みかけ上の分子量40,000以上)の水溶液から調製した凍結乾燥物を試料として使用した。
方法:各試料10mgおよび表2に示す所定量の評価薬剤を生理食塩水(0.01Mリン酸、0.15M NaCl、pH7.4)1mlに溶かし(10mg/ml)、エバンスブルー10mg/ml水溶液を0.1mlずつS-180マウス(腫瘍モデル)に静脈内投与した。このときのマウスの腫瘍サイズは直径5~7mmのものを用いた。翌日、解剖して各々固形腫瘍を取り出し、常法によりエバンスブルーを抽出し、560nmの吸収により漏出したエバンスブルーを定量した(非特許文献1参照)。その結果を表2に示す。
試料:Nakamuraらの報告(J. Controlled Release, 174, 81-87(2014))にしたがってP-THP(ヒドラゾン結合)を調製し、次いでその調製物500mgを蒸留水に溶かし、常法により凍結乾燥した。この凍結乾燥粉末を試料として使用した。
方法:上記試料粉末10mgを各試験管にとり、下表3および図2に示す所定量の可溶化促進のためのテスト化合物(アルギニン以下グリシンまで)を含む溶液10mlを加えた。これらの水溶液は、1~10%、0.3M(mol/l)アルギニン・アルギニンHCl緩衝液または1~5%重炭酸ソーダ・炭酸ソーダの緩衝液であり、これらを何れもpH8.5に調整した。次いで、振とう下に目視により可溶度を判定した。目視で完全に溶解するまでの時間をストップウォッチで測定した。その結果を下表3および図2に示す。
試料:Nakamuraらの報告(J. Controlled Release,174,81-87(2014))にしたがってP-THP(ヒドラゾン結合)を調製し、次いで溶媒を蒸発させて粉末乾燥物(凍結乾燥物でない)を得た。この粉末乾燥物を試料として使用した。
方法:上記試料(P-THPの乾燥物)10mgを試験管にとり、下表4に示す所定量のアルギニン、重炭酸ソーダ、マニトール、PEG、またはグリシンを含む水溶液(10ml、pH8.0~9.0)を加えた。なお、水溶液として、対照以下は表3と同様、0.3Mアルギニン・アルギニンHCl緩衝液または3%重炭酸ソーダ・炭酸ソーダ緩衝液(pH8.0~9.0)を用いた。
次いで、振とう下にP-THPの完全溶解時間を、試験例2に記載の方法に準じてストップウォッチで測定した。その結果を、試験に使用した各種水溶液、その濃度およびそのpHと合わせて表4に示す。
試料:試験例2と同様に調製したP-THPの凍結乾燥物を試料として使用した。
方法:上記試料(P-THPの凍結乾燥物)を、下表5に示す各溶液に溶かし、下表5に示す条件下にインキュベーションした。なお、水溶液として、0.1M酢酸・酢酸ソーダ緩衝液(pH6.0)、0.1Mリン酸緩衝液(pH7.0、8.2、8.6)、0.3Mアルギニン・アルギニンHCl緩衝液または3%重炭酸ソーダ・炭酸ソーダ緩衝液(pH8.5)を用いた。
次いで、HPLC(高速液体クロマトグラフィー)(カラム:JSK Gel SW3000、検出:吸収488nm、溶出:80%メタノール、20% 0.1M Na酢酸 pH7.0 混液)により分離し、遊離した分解生成物であるピラルビシン(THP)を488nmの吸収により定量し、もとのP-THPの減少量を算出し、各溶液状態におけるP-THPの安定性をプロットした。その結果を、表5および図3A~Gに示す。
試料:試験例2と同様に調製したP-THPを試料として使用した。
方法:A溶液(実施例20:0.1 M重炭酸ソーダ水溶液、pH8.2)、B溶液(実施例21:3%アルギニン緩衝液、pH8.5)、C溶液(比較例10:PBS(0.01Mリン酸、0.15M NaCl)、pH7.4)のそれぞれにP-THPを溶かし、室温24時間放置した。次いで、セファクリルS300のカラムクロマト(φ1.8×70cm)を行った。それぞれ同じ溶液を用いてカラムを溶出した。
次いで、上記条件下に遊離するピラルビシン(THP)を、HPLC(高速液体クロマトグラフィー)JSK Gel SW3000、溶出は80%メタノール、20% 0.1M Na酢酸 pH7.0 混液を用いて488nmの吸収により測定した。その結果を、図4に示す。
図4A~Cに示されるように、AおよびB溶液は、ともにシャープな単一のきれいなピークを示したが、C溶液では、図4Cグラフ上の矢印で示すごとくTHPの分解物が生じており、ピークの均一性は認められなかった。また、Cのピークの幅は、A、Bと比べ広がっていた。したがって、PBSに比べて、アルギニンおよび重炭酸ソーダ緩衝液が優れていることがわかる。
化学発癌性ジメチルベンズアントラセン(DMBA)10mg/mlのコーン油溶液1mlを、ゾンデを用いて経口的にSDラット(250~300g/匹、5週齢)に投与すると、12~14週後に乳癌が発生する。
このようにして乳癌を発生させたSDラット(1群5匹)に対し、ポリヒドロキシプロピルメタアクリルアミド結合ピラルビシン(P-THP)のみを静脈内(i.v.)投与し(P-THP群)、あるいはP-THP i.v.投与に加えてニトログリセリン(0.2mg/マウス)を塗付した(P-THP+NG群)。この薬剤投与を、試験期間中、合計4回行った。また、P-THPの投与量は、いずれも5mg/kgとした。
これらの薬剤の投与後0日から140日間の間、腫瘍体積(mm3)を測定した(図5)。その結果、P-THP投与に加えてニトログリセリンを塗布した群は、P-THPのみの群に比べて、顕著に高い腫瘍抑制効果を示した。
S-180マウス肉腫をddYマウス腹腔内に移植し、10日ごとにマウス腹水により継代したものを、6週齢のddYマウスの皮下に約106個移植すると、10日間前後で直径5~6mmの腫瘍が発生する。
このようにしてS-180マウス肉腫を発生させたマウスに、P-THP(15mg)のみを静脈内(i.v.)投与し(P-THP群)、あるいはP-THP(15mg)i.v.投与に加えてニトログリセリン(0.1 mg/マウス)を塗付した(P-THP+NG群)。
これらの薬剤の投与後0日から40日間の間、腫瘍体積(mm3)を測定した(図6)。その結果、P-THP投与に加えてニトログリセリンを塗布した群は、P-THP投与のみの群に比べて、顕著に高い腫瘍抑制効果を示した。
アゾキシメタン(AZM)(10mg/kg 腹腔内(i.p.)投与)とNaデキストランサルフェート(2%、0.2~1.0ml 経口(p.o.)投与)を1週間投与後、100日目に発生したマウスの大腸腫瘍モデルに対し、P-THPを15mg/kgを1回i.v.投与し(P-THP群)、P-THP(15mg)i.v.投与に加えてニトログリセリン軟膏(0.1mg/マウス)を塗付し(P-THP+NG群)、P-THP(15mg)投与に加えてL-アルギニン(10~50mg/マウス)をi.p.投与し(P-THP+Arg群)、あるいは、P-THP(15mg)投与に加えてヒドロキシウレア(HU)(1.5mg/マウス)をi.p.投与した(P-THP+HU群)。
これらの薬剤の投与後、大腸の全腫瘍結節の各々の直径の総和(mm)を算出した(図7)。なお、ここでいう腫瘍結節の直径は、ローダミン標識BSA(ウシ血清アルブミン)1mg/マウスを静注し、翌日マウスをウレタン麻酔下に大腸を切除し、IVIS装置により腫瘍の結節の蛍光スポットの大きさをノギスで測定した結果の値である。
その結果、P-THP群に比べて、P-THP+NG群、P-THP+Arg群およびP-THP+HU群はいずれも顕著に高い腫瘍抑制効果を示した。
Claims (15)
- 高分子化薬物と、溶解促進および/または安定化剤と、水系溶媒を含む、医薬組成物であって、該溶解促進および/または安定化剤が、
(1)タンパク質、
(2)合成ポリマー、
(3)糖または糖アルコール、
(4)無機塩類、
(5)アミノ酸、
(6)リン脂質、
(7)脂肪族アルコール、
(8)中鎖脂肪酸、および
(9)ムコ多糖
からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、
医薬組成物。 - pHが7.0~8.0である、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- 注射剤である、請求項1または2に記載の医薬組成物。
- 高分子化薬物が、P-THP、P-ZnPP、SMA-THP、SMA-ZnPP、PEG-THP、およびPEG-ZnPPからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物。
- 高分子化薬物における薬物と高分子との結合が、アミド結合、エステル結合、ヒドラゾン結合、およびシッフ塩基による結合からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物。
- 高分子化薬物における薬物と高分子との結合が、ヒドラゾン結合である、請求項5に記載の医薬組成物。
- 溶解促進および/または安定化剤が、アルギニンおよびシトルリンからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物。
- さらに、EPR効果および/または抗腫瘍効果増強剤を含む、請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物。
- 制癌または抗腫瘍用である、請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物。
- 高分子化薬物と、溶解促進および/または安定化剤と、水系溶媒を混合する工程を含む、請求項1~9のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物の製造方法。
- 高分子化薬物と、溶解促進および/または安定化剤を含む、医薬組成物であって、該溶解促進および/または安定化剤が、
(1)タンパク質、
(2)合成ポリマー、
(3)糖または糖アルコール、
(4)無機塩類、
(5)アミノ酸、
(6)リン脂質、
(7)脂肪族アルコール、
(8)中鎖脂肪酸、および
(9)ムコ多糖
からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、
医薬組成物。 - さらに、EPR効果および/または抗腫瘍効果増強剤を含む、請求項11に記載の医薬組成物。
- 高分子化薬物と、EPR効果および/または抗腫瘍効果増強剤を含む、医薬組成物であって、該EPR効果および/または抗腫瘍効果増強剤が、
(1)ニトログリセリン、
(2)アルギニン、
(3)ヒドロキシウレア、
(4)ニトロソウレア、
からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、
医薬組成物。 - さらに、溶解促進および/または安定化剤を含む、請求項13に記載の医薬組成物。
- 高分子化薬物に、
(1)タンパク質、
(2)合成ポリマー、
(3)糖または糖アルコール、
(4)無機塩類、
(5)アミノ酸、
(6)リン脂質、
(7)脂肪族アルコール、
(8)中鎖脂肪酸、および
(9)ムコ多糖
からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である溶解促進および/または安定化剤を混合することを含む、高分子化薬物の溶解促進および/または安定化方法。
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| WO2022025228A1 (ja) | 2020-07-31 | 2022-02-03 | 東レ株式会社 | 複合体に含まれる薬物の純度評価方法及び複合体の製造方法 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2020169146A (ja) * | 2019-04-04 | 2020-10-15 | 株式会社ナノビヨンド | 高分子型抗がん剤の抗腫瘍効果の増強剤 |
| WO2022025228A1 (ja) | 2020-07-31 | 2022-02-03 | 東レ株式会社 | 複合体に含まれる薬物の純度評価方法及び複合体の製造方法 |
| JPWO2022025228A1 (ja) * | 2020-07-31 | 2022-02-03 | ||
| CN115552235A (zh) * | 2020-07-31 | 2022-12-30 | 东丽株式会社 | 复合体中包含的药物的纯度评价方法和复合体的制造方法 |
| KR20230043822A (ko) | 2020-07-31 | 2023-03-31 | 도레이 카부시키가이샤 | 복합체에 포함되는 약물의 순도 평가 방법 및 복합체의 제조 방법 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP7164233B2 (ja) | 2022-11-01 |
| HUE066387T2 (hu) | 2024-07-28 |
| CA3023227A1 (en) | 2017-11-09 |
| CN109069472B (zh) | 2022-01-04 |
| KR20190005884A (ko) | 2019-01-16 |
| JP2021181492A (ja) | 2021-11-25 |
| AU2017259576B2 (en) | 2020-09-17 |
| EP3453390A4 (en) | 2019-12-11 |
| CA3023227C (en) | 2021-11-02 |
| ES2971441T3 (es) | 2024-06-05 |
| DK3453390T3 (da) | 2024-03-25 |
| CN109069472A (zh) | 2018-12-21 |
| US11464866B2 (en) | 2022-10-11 |
| EP3453390B1 (en) | 2024-02-14 |
| JPWO2017191843A1 (ja) | 2019-04-04 |
| US20190142955A1 (en) | 2019-05-16 |
| KR102270619B1 (ko) | 2021-06-29 |
| AU2017259576A1 (en) | 2018-11-29 |
| EP3453390A1 (en) | 2019-03-13 |
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