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WO2017190849A1 - Contenant de transport - Google Patents

Contenant de transport Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2017190849A1
WO2017190849A1 PCT/EP2017/025110 EP2017025110W WO2017190849A1 WO 2017190849 A1 WO2017190849 A1 WO 2017190849A1 EP 2017025110 W EP2017025110 W EP 2017025110W WO 2017190849 A1 WO2017190849 A1 WO 2017190849A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
container
thermal shield
inner container
coolant
transport container
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2017/025110
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Heinz Posselt
Marko PARKKONEN
Hans-Einar FORSBERG
Anders Gronlund
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Priority to US16/098,497 priority Critical patent/US10711945B2/en
Priority to PL17721530T priority patent/PL3452750T3/pl
Priority to EP17721530.8A priority patent/EP3452750B1/fr
Priority to JP2018557934A priority patent/JP6949049B2/ja
Priority to ES17721530T priority patent/ES2910106T3/es
Publication of WO2017190849A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017190849A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/10—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by liquid-circulating or vapour-circulating jackets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/12—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge with provision for thermal insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/001—Thermal insulation specially adapted for cryogenic vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
    • F17C2201/0166—Shape complex divided in several chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/03—Orientation
    • F17C2201/035—Orientation with substantially horizontal main axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/054—Size medium (>1 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0308—Radiation shield
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0308—Radiation shield
    • F17C2203/0312—Radiation shield cooled by external means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0308—Radiation shield
    • F17C2203/0316—Radiation shield cooled by vaporised gas from the interior
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0308—Radiation shield
    • F17C2203/032—Multi-sheet layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0345—Fibres
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0345—Fibres
    • F17C2203/035—Glass wool
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0362—Thermal insulations by liquid means
    • F17C2203/0366—Cryogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0375—Thermal insulations by gas
    • F17C2203/0387—Cryogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0391—Thermal insulations by vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
    • F17C2203/0629—Two walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0639—Steels
    • F17C2203/0643—Stainless steels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0332—Safety valves or pressure relief valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/014—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/016—Noble gases (Ar, Kr, Xe)
    • F17C2221/017—Helium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0369—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel
    • F17C2227/0376—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel in wall contact
    • F17C2227/0381—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel in wall contact integrated in the wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
    • F17C2260/031—Dealing with losses due to heat transfer
    • F17C2260/033—Dealing with losses due to heat transfer by enhancing insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/01—Purifying the fluid
    • F17C2265/015—Purifying the fluid by separating
    • F17C2265/017—Purifying the fluid by separating different phases of a same fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a transport container for helium.
  • Helium is extracted together with natural gas.
  • transport of large quantities of helium is meaningful only in liquid or supercritical form, that is, at a temperature of about 4.2 to 6 K and under a pressure of 1 to 6 bar.
  • To transport the liquid or supercritical helium transport containers are used, which are to avoid too rapid pressure increase of helium, consuming thermal insulation.
  • Such transport containers can be cooled, for example, with the aid of liquid nitrogen.
  • a cooled with the liquid nitrogen thermal shield is provided.
  • the thermal shield shields an inner container of the transport container.
  • the liquid or cryogenic helium is added.
  • the holding time for the liquid or cryogenic helium is in such transport containers 35 to 40 days, that is, after this time, the pressure in the inner container on the
  • the thermal insulation of the transport container consists of a high vacuum multilayer insulation.
  • EP 1 673 745 B1 describes such a transport container for liquid helium.
  • the transport container comprises an inner container in which the liquid helium is accommodated, a thermal shield which partially covers the inner container, a coolant container in which a cryogenic liquid for cooling the thermal shield is accommodated, and an outer container in which the
  • Inner container, the thermal shield and the coolant tank are arranged.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved transport container available.
  • Transport container comprises an inner container for receiving the helium, a coolant container for receiving a cryogenic liquid, an outer container, in which the inner container and the coolant container are accommodated, and a thermal shield which can be actively cooled with the aid of the cryogenic liquid, wherein the thermal shield comprises a tubular base portion, in which the inner container is accommodated, and a front portion terminating the base portion
  • the inner container may also be referred to as a helium container or inner tank.
  • the transport container may also be referred to as a helium transport container.
  • the helium can be referred to as liquid or cryogenic helium.
  • the helium is in particular also a cryogenic liquid.
  • the transport container is particularly adapted to the helium in cryogenic or liquid
  • thermodynamics the critical point is a thermodynamic state of a substance characterized by equalizing the densities of the liquid and gaseous phases. The differences between the two states of aggregation cease to exist at this point. In a phase diagram, the point represents the upper end of the vapor pressure curve.
  • the helium is filled into the inner container in liquid or cryogenic form. In the inner container then form a liquid zone with liquid helium and a gas zone with gaseous helium. After filling into the inner container, the helium therefore has two phases with different states of aggregation, namely liquid and gaseous. That is, in the inner container there is a phase boundary between the liquid helium and the gaseous helium.
  • the cryogenic liquid or cryogen is preferably liquid nitrogen.
  • the cryogenic liquid may also be referred to as a coolant.
  • the cryogenic liquid may alternatively be, for example, liquid hydrogen or liquid oxygen.
  • the thermal shield thus has a temperature which corresponds approximately or exactly to the boiling point of the cryogenic liquid.
  • the boiling point of the cryogenic liquid is preferably higher than the boiling point of the liquid helium.
  • the thermal shield is particularly within the
  • Outer container arranged.
  • the inner container and in particular the insulation element on the outside has a temperature which corresponds approximately or exactly to the temperature of the helium stored in the inner container.
  • the temperature of the helium is, depending on whether the helium is in liquid or supercritical form 4.2 to 6 K.
  • the lid portion of the thermal shield closes the
  • the base portion of the thermal shield may have a circular or approximately circular cross-section.
  • the outer container, the inner container, the coolant container and the thermal shield can be constructed rotationally symmetrical to a common symmetry or central axis.
  • the inner container and the outer container are preferably made of stainless steel.
  • the inner container preferably has a tubular
  • the inner container is fluid-tight.
  • the outer container preferably also has a tubular base portion, which is closed on both sides of the lid portions on the front side.
  • the base portion of the inner container and / or the base portion of the outer container may have a circular or an approximately circular cross-section.
  • the thermal shield is provided, it is ensured that the inner container is surrounded only by surfaces having a boiling point of the cryogenic liquid (boiling point nitrogen at 1 .3 bara: 79.5 K) corresponding temperature. This results in between the thermal shield (79.5 K) and the inner container (temperature of helium at 1 bara to 6 bara: 4.2 K to 6 K) in
  • cryogenic liquid in particular a helium hold time of at least 45 days and the supply of cryogenic liquid is sufficient for at least 40 days.
  • the thermal shield is arranged in an evacuated intermediate space provided between the inner container and the outer container.
  • the inner container preferably comprises an additional insulation element with a multilayer insulation layer and a metallically bright copper layer facing the shield.
  • the insulating layer preferably comprises a plurality of alternately arranged layers of perforated and embossed aluminum foil as a reflector and glass paper as a spacer between the aluminum foils.
  • the insulation layer can be 10-ply.
  • the layers of aluminum foil and glass paper are applied gap-free on the inner container, that is, pressed.
  • the insulation layer is a so-called MLI (multilayer insulation) or can be referred to as MLI.
  • the insulating element preferably also has a boiling point of helium at least approximately or exactly corresponding temperature. Between the thermal shield and the outer container, a further multilayer insulation layer, in particular also an MLI, can be arranged, which separates the space between the
  • thermal shield and the outer container fills and thus the outside of the thermal shield and the outer container contacted on the inside.
  • Layers of aluminum foil and glass paper, glass fiber or glass lattice fabric of the insulating layer are in this case deviating from the above-described insulation element of the inner container preferably fluffy introduced into the intermediate space. Fluffy means, that the layers of aluminum foil and glass paper, glass fiber or glass mesh fabric are not pressed, so that can be smoothly evacuated by the embossing and perforation of the aluminum foil, the insulating layer and thus the gap. Also, an undesirable mechanical-thermal contact between the
  • the thermal shield has two
  • Lid sections which complete the base section on both sides of the front side.
  • the lid sections are preferably curved.
  • the lid sections are preferably curved.
  • the thermal shield is supported neither on the inner container nor on the outer container.
  • the thermal shield comprises a support ring, which is suspended on the outer container via support rods, in particular tension rods.
  • the inner container is preferably also suspended from the support ring via further support rods, in particular likewise tie rods.
  • the thermal shield is fluid-permeable.
  • the thermal shield is liquid and gas permeable.
  • the thermal shield for example, breakthroughs, perforations or holes have.
  • the space provided between the inner container and the outer container can be evacuated.
  • the thermal shield is made of a
  • the thermal shield is made of a high purity aluminum material. This results in particularly good heat transfer and
  • the thermal shield for actively cooling thereof has at least one cooling line in which the cryogenic liquid can be received.
  • the cryogenic liquid does not circulate in the cooling line, but is in it.
  • the cryogenic liquid in the cooling line boils, thereby ensuring optimum cooling of the thermal shield.
  • the cooling line may be materially connected to the thermal shield or formed arrangementin Irish with the thermal shield.
  • the coolant container is in fluid communication with the at least one cooling line, so that the cryogenic liquid from the
  • Coolant tank flows into the at least one cooling line when the cryogenic liquid in the at least one cooling line partially evaporated. So that even with a reduced level of the cryogenic liquid in the coolant container, the cryogenic liquid completely wets the cooling line, a corresponding overpressure of 200 to 300 mbar is maintained in the coolant tank according to the applied hydrostatic pressure.
  • gas bubbles form in the cryogenic liquid, which can be passed through an oblique arrangement of the cooling line to a highest point of the same.
  • the at least one cooling line is provided on the base portion and / or on the lid portion of the thermal shield and / or the base portion is integrally connected to the lid portion.
  • cooling lines or at least sections of the cooling lines are provided on both cover sections. Because of that
  • the cooling of the lid portion can be carried out by heat conduction.
  • the connection partners are held together by atomic or molecular forces.
  • Cohesive connections are non-detachable connections that can only be separated by destroying the connection means.
  • the at least one cooling line has a pitch relative to a horizontal.
  • the cooling line is inclined with respect to the horizontal.
  • the horizontal is arranged perpendicular to a direction of gravity.
  • the cooling pipe and, more particularly, oblique portions of the cooling pipe include a predetermined angle with the horizontal.
  • the sections with the horizontal enclose an angle greater than 3 °.
  • the angle can be 3 to 15 ° or even more.
  • the angle can also be exactly 3 °.
  • the cooling line may also have sections extending in the direction of gravity.
  • the transport container further comprises a phase separator for separating a gaseous phase of the cryogenic liquid from a liquid phase of the cryogenic liquid, wherein the at least one cooling line is arranged so that it has a positive slope in the direction of the phase separator.
  • phase separator preferably includes a float having a float coupled to a valve body.
  • the valve body is lifted off a valve seat and the gaseous phase of the cryogenic liquid is blown off.
  • the liquid phase flows into the phase separator, whereby the float floats again and the valve body is pressed onto the valve seat.
  • phase separator ensures that only evaporated, cryogenic nitrogen is released into the environment.
  • the transport container further comprises a plurality, in particular six, cooling lines.
  • the number of cooling lines is arbitrary.
  • the cover portion of the thermal shield completely shields the coolant container from the inner container.
  • the coolant container is arranged in an axial direction of the inner container next to the inner container.
  • the thermal shield encloses the
  • the expert will also add individual aspects as improvements or additions to the respective basic shape of the transport container.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of an embodiment of a
  • FIG. 2 shows a further schematic sectional view of the transport container according to FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows a further schematic sectional view of the transport container according to FIG. 1;
  • FIG. Fig. 4 shows a schematic sectional view of an embodiment of a
  • FIG. 5 shows the detailed view V according to FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic rear view of the phase separator according to FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic partial sectional view of the phase separator according to FIG. 4.
  • Fig. 1 shows a highly simplified schematic sectional view of a
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show further schematic sectional views of the transport container 1. Reference will be made to FIGS. 1 to 3 at the same time.
  • the transport container 1 can also be referred to as a helium transport container.
  • the transport container 1 can also be used for other cryogenic liquids.
  • the transport container 1 comprises an outer container 2.
  • the outer container 2 is made of stainless steel, for example.
  • the outer container 2 may have a length of for example 10 m.
  • the outer container 2 comprises a tubular or cylindrical base portion 3 which is closed on both sides in each case by means of a cover section 4, 5, in particular by means of a first cover section 4 and a second cover section 5.
  • the base portion 3 may have a circular or approximately circular geometry in cross section.
  • the lid sections 4, 5 are curved.
  • the cover sections 4, 5 are arched in opposite directions, so that both cover sections 4, 5 are curved outwardly with respect to the base section 3.
  • the outer container 2 is fluid-tight, in particular gas-tight.
  • the outer container 2 has a symmetry or central axis Mi, to which the
  • Outer container 2 is constructed rotationally symmetrical.
  • the transport container 1 further comprises an inner container 6 for receiving the liquid helium He.
  • the inner container 6 is also made of stainless steel, for example. In the inner container 6, as long as the helium He in the
  • Two-phase region is to be provided, a gas zone 7 with vaporized helium He and a liquid zone 8 with liquid helium He.
  • the inner container 6 is fluid-tight, in particular gas-tight, and may be a blow-off valve for controlled
  • the inner container 6, like the outer container 2 comprises a tubular or cylindrical base portion 9, the front side of both sides
  • Cover portions 10, 1 in particular a first lid portion 10 and a second lid portion 1 1, is closed.
  • the base portion 9 can in
  • Cross section have a circular or approximately circular geometry.
  • the inner container 6 is, like the outer container 2, rotationally symmetrical to the central axis Mi formed. A between the inner container 6 and the
  • the inner container 6 may further comprise an insulating element, not shown in FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • the insulating element has a highly reflective copper layer, for example a copper foil or a copper-vapor-deposited aluminum foil, and a multilayer insulating layer arranged between the inner vessel 6 and the copper layer.
  • the insulating layer comprises a plurality of alternately arranged layers of perforated and embossed aluminum foil as a reflector and glass paper as a spacer between the aluminum foils.
  • the insulation layer can be 10-ply be.
  • the layers of aluminum foil and glass paper are gap-free on the
  • Inner container 6 applied, that is, pressed.
  • the insulation layer is a so-called MLI.
  • the inner container 6 and also the insulating element have on the outside approximately to the boiling point of the helium He corresponding temperature.
  • the transport container 1 further comprises a cooling system 13 (FIGS. 2, 3) with a coolant container 14.
  • a cryogenic liquid, such as liquid nitrogen N 2 is accommodated in the coolant container 14.
  • the coolant reservoir 14 comprises a tubular or cylindrical base section 15, which can be constructed rotationally symmetrical to the central axis Mi.
  • the base portion 15 may have a circular or approximately circular geometry in cross section.
  • the base portion 15 is frontally closed by a cover portion 16, 17.
  • Cover portions 16, 17 may be curved. In particular, the lid portions 16, 17 are curved in the same direction.
  • the coolant reservoir 14 may also have a different structure.
  • a gas zone 18 with vaporized nitrogen N 2 and a liquid zone 19 may be provided with liquid nitrogen N 2 .
  • Axial direction A of the inner container 6 is the coolant tank 14 adjacent to the
  • Inner container 6 is arranged. Between the inner container 6, in particular the lid portion 1 1 of the inner container 6, and the coolant container 14,
  • the lid portion 16 of the coolant tank 14 is a
  • Gap 20 is provided, which may be part of the gap 12. That is, the gap 20 is also evacuated.
  • the transport container 1 further comprises a cooling plate 13 associated thermal shield 21.
  • the thermal shield 21 is in the between the
  • the thermal shield 21 is actively cooled or actively cooled with the aid of liquid nitrogen N2. Active cooling in the present case is to be understood as meaning that the liquid nitrogen N 2 for passing the thermal shield 21 is passed through it or passed along it.
  • the thermal shield 21 is hereby cooled to a temperature which corresponds approximately to the boiling point of the nitrogen N 2 .
  • the thermal shield 21 comprises a cylindrical or tubular base section 22, which is closed on both sides by a cover section 23, 24 which terminates this end face. Both the base portion 22 and the lid portions 23, 24 are actively cooled by means of the nitrogen N2.
  • the base portion 22 may in
  • the thermal shield 21 is preferably also rotationally symmetrical to the
  • a first cover portion 23 of the thermal shield 21 is between the inner container 6, in particular the lid portion 1 1 of the
  • the thermal shield 21 is self-supporting. That is, the thermal shield 21 is supported neither on the inner container 6 still on the outer container 2.
  • a support ring may be provided on the thermal shield 21, which is suspended by means of support rods, in particular tension rods, on the outer container 2.
  • the inner container 6 can be suspended on the support ring via further support rods, in particular tension rods.
  • the heat input through the mechanical support rods is partially realized by the support ring.
  • the support ring has pockets that allow the greatest possible thermal length of the support rods.
  • Coolant tank 14 has bushings for the mechanical support rods.
  • a further multi-layer insulation layer in particular an MLI, can be arranged, which the
  • Aluminum foil and glass paper, glass fiber or glass mesh fabric are not pressed, so that the insulation layer and thus the gap 12 can be evacuated trouble-free by the embossing and perforation of the aluminum foil.
  • the thermal-mechanical contact between the reflector layers is minimized, the temperature gradient of the reflector layers is approximately in accordance with the pure
  • the thermal shield 21 is fluid-permeable. That is, a gap 25 between the inner container 6 and the thermal shield 21 is in fluid communication with the gap 12. In this way, the gaps 12, 25 can be evacuated simultaneously. In the thermal shield 21 holes, openings or the like may be provided to allow evacuation of the spaces 12, 25.
  • the thermal shield 21 is preferably of a high purity
  • the thermal shield 21 is arranged circumferentially spaced from the copper layer of the insulating element of the inner container 6 and does not touch them. The incidence of heat is mainly due to radiation and is thereby reduced to the physically possible minimum.
  • a gap width of a gap provided between the copper layer and the thermal shield 21 may be 10 mm. As a result, heat can be transmitted from the inner container 6 to the thermal shield 21 only by radiation and residual gas line.
  • the first lid portion 23 of the thermal shield 21 shields the
  • Coolant tank 14 completely against the inner container 6 from. That is, as seen from the inner container 6 to the coolant tank 14 is the
  • Coolant tank 14 is completely covered by the first lid portion 23 of the thermal shield 21.
  • the thermal shield 21 encloses the
  • the thermal shield 21 for actively cooling comprises at least one cooling line 26.
  • a plurality of such cooling lines 26, for example six such cooling lines 26, are provided.
  • the cooling line 26 may comprise two vertical sections 27, 28 extending in the direction of gravity g and two inclined sections 29, 30.
  • the vertical portions 27, 28 may be provided on the lid portions 23, 24 of the thermal shield 21.
  • the cooling line 26 is in fluid communication with the coolant reservoir 14 via a connecting line 31, so that the liquid nitrogen N 2 is forced from the coolant reservoir 14 into the cooling line 26.
  • the connecting line 31 opens into a distributor 32, from which the section 27 and the section 30 branch off.
  • the section 29 and the section 28 meet at a collector 33, from which a connecting line 34 leads to a phase separator 35 arranged outside the outer container 2.
  • the phase separator 35 is configured to separate gaseous nitrogen N2 from liquid nitrogen N2.
  • the gaseous nitrogen N2 can be blown out of the cooling system 13 via the phase separator 35.
  • the cooling pipe 26 or the cooling pipes 26 are provided both on the base portion 22 and on the lid portions 23, 24 of the thermal shield 21.
  • lid portions 23 and 24 are material fit with the
  • the cooling line 26 and in particular the oblique sections 29, 30 of the cooling line 26 have a pitch relative to a horizontal H, which is arranged perpendicular to the direction of gravity g.
  • the sections 29, 30 with the horizontal H an angle ⁇ of greater than 3 °.
  • the angle ⁇ can be 3 to 15 ° or even more.
  • the angle ⁇ can also be exactly 3 °.
  • the phase separator 35 comprises a housing 36 with a tubular base section 37, which is closed on both sides on the front side with cover sections 38, 39 on the front side.
  • Housed in the housing 36 is an inner housing 40 with a tubular base portion 41 which is closed on both sides by cover portions 42, 43 the front side.
  • Between the housing 36 and the inner housing 40 is an evacuated
  • Isolation space 44 is provided.
  • the insulation space 44 may be provided, for example, with an MLI or filled with perlite or glass microspheres.
  • a partially likewise vacuum-insulated connecting line 45 is in fluid communication with the connecting line 34.
  • the phase separator 35 further comprises a blow-off line 46, via which gaseous nitrogen N2 is discharged.
  • the connection line 45 is in fluid communication with an interior 47 provided in the inner housing 40.
  • the Connecting line 45 is rotated with respect to the blow-off 46 by an angle ß.
  • the angle ß can be 45 to 90 °.
  • a float 48 In the interior 47, a float 48 is provided.
  • the float 48 comprises a floating body 49 provided with a gas-tight metallic sheath, the interior of which is filled with a plastic foam.
  • the floating body 49 is fixedly connected to a counterweight 51 via an axle 50.
  • a valve body 52 On the axis 50, a valve body 52 is fixed, which is arranged linearly displaceable in a valve seat 53.
  • the axis 50 is rotatably supported in the inner housing 40 on a rotation axis 54.
  • phase separator 35 ensures that only evaporated, cryogenic nitrogen N2 is released into the environment.
  • the phase separator 35 is in particular a cryogenic valve controlled by the float 48.
  • phase separator 35 A special feature of the phase separator 35 is the counterweight 51 of the horizontally mounted floating body 49, which prevents inadvertent lifting of the valve body 52 of the valve seat 53 during accelerations.
  • the phase separator 35 further comprises a valve 55 for generating a vacuum in the insulation space 44.
  • a baffle plate 56 may be arranged, which is intended to reduce a surge of the liquid nitrogen N2. Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, on the coolant tank 14 a
  • Abblasventil 57 arranged to hold by blowing off the gaseous nitrogen N2 the set pressure in the coolant tank 14.
  • the thermal shield 21 Before filling the inner container 6 with the liquid helium He, the thermal shield 21 is first of all at least approximately or completely up to the boiling point (1.3 bara, 79.5 K) of the liquid nitrogen with the aid of cryogenic nitrogen initially liquid and later liquid nitrogen N2 N2 cooled. The inner container 6 is not actively cooled. Upon cooling of the thermal shield 21, the still remaining in the gap 12 vacuum residual gas on the thermal shield 21st frozen out. As a result, when filling the inner container 6 with the liquid helium He, it is possible to prevent the residual vacuum gas from being frozen on the outside of the inner container 6, thus contaminating the metallically bright surface of the copper layer of the insulating element of the inner container 6. As soon as the thermal shield 21 and the coolant reservoir 14 are completely cooled and the coolant reservoir 14 is again completely filled with nitrogen N 2, the inner reservoir 6 is filled with the liquid helium He.
  • the transport container 1 can now be transported to transport the helium He
  • the thermal shield 21 is continuously cooled by means of the liquid nitrogen N2.
  • the liquid nitrogen N2 is consumed and boiling in the cooling lines 26. Gas bubbles are formed by the in the
  • Cooling system 13 with respect to the direction of gravity g at the highest arranged phase separator 35 supplied. As a result, the fluid level drops in the
  • the thermal shield 21 is also arranged between the coolant reservoir 14 and the inner reservoir 6, it is possible reliably to ensure that the inner reservoir 6 is adequately cooled even with a sinking level or liquid level of nitrogen N 2 in the coolant reservoir 14. Characterized in that the inner container 6 is completely surrounded by the thermal shield 21, it is ensured that the inner container 6 is surrounded only by surfaces corresponding to the boiling point (1, 3 bara, 79.5 K) of nitrogen N 2 Have temperature. As a result, between the thermal shield 21 (79.5 K) and the inner container 6 (4.2 - 6 K), only a small temperature difference.
  • the holding time for the liquid helium He can be significantly extended compared to known transport containers.
  • Heat from the inner container 6 to the thermal shield 21 is transmitted only by radiation and residual gas line.
  • the transport container 1 has a helium holding time of at least 45 days, and the supply of liquid nitrogen N 2 is sufficient for at least 40 days.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

Contenant de transport (1) destiné à l'hélium (He) présentant un contenant intérieur (6) pour recevoir l'hélium (He), un réservoir de réfrigérant (14) pour recevoir un liquide cryogénique (N2), un contenant extérieur (2) dans lequel le contenant intérieur (6) et le réservoir de réfrigérant (14) sont logés, et un bouclier thermique (21) permettant de refroidir activement le liquide cryogénique (N2), le bouclier thermique (21) comportant une partie de base tubulaire (22) dans laquelle est reçu le contenant intérieur (6) et une partie couvercle (23, 24) fermant la partie de base (22) sur les faces frontales, qui est agencée entre le contenant intérieur (6) et le réservoir de réfrigérant (14), un espace intermédiaire (20) étant situé entre le contenant intérieur (6) et le réservoir de réfrigérant (14), la partie couvercle (23, 24) du bouclier thermique (21) étant disposée dans ledit espace intermédiaire.
PCT/EP2017/025110 2016-05-04 2017-05-04 Contenant de transport Ceased WO2017190849A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US16/098,497 US10711945B2 (en) 2016-05-04 2017-05-04 Transport container
PL17721530T PL3452750T3 (pl) 2016-05-04 2017-05-04 Zbiornik transportowy
EP17721530.8A EP3452750B1 (fr) 2016-05-04 2017-05-04 Conteneur
JP2018557934A JP6949049B2 (ja) 2016-05-04 2017-05-04 輸送容器
ES17721530T ES2910106T3 (es) 2016-05-04 2017-05-04 Contenedor de transporte

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16000997.3 2016-05-04
EP16000997 2016-05-04

Publications (1)

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WO2017190849A1 true WO2017190849A1 (fr) 2017-11-09

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PCT/EP2017/025110 Ceased WO2017190849A1 (fr) 2016-05-04 2017-05-04 Contenant de transport

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US (1) US10711945B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3452750B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP6949049B2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2910106T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL3452750T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017190849A1 (fr)

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EP3495711A1 (fr) * 2017-12-08 2019-06-12 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Récipient de transport doté du bouclier thermique pouvant être refroidi
WO2020177924A1 (fr) * 2019-03-06 2020-09-10 Linde Gmbh Contenant de transport et procédé

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CN117515398A (zh) * 2023-11-27 2024-02-06 张家港中集圣达因低温装备有限公司 一种低温容器的稳压排放装置及低温容器

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EP3495711A1 (fr) * 2017-12-08 2019-06-12 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Récipient de transport doté du bouclier thermique pouvant être refroidi
WO2019110146A1 (fr) * 2017-12-08 2019-06-13 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Récipient de transport muni d'un bouclier thermique pouvant être refroidi
CN111566402A (zh) * 2017-12-08 2020-08-21 林德有限责任公司 具有可冷却热屏蔽件的运输容器
JP2021505818A (ja) * 2017-12-08 2021-02-18 リンデ ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツングＬｉｎｄｅ ＧｍｂＨ 冷却可能な熱シールドを有する輸送容器
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WO2020177924A1 (fr) * 2019-03-06 2020-09-10 Linde Gmbh Contenant de transport et procédé
US11898702B2 (en) 2019-03-06 2024-02-13 Linde GmbM Transport container and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL3452750T3 (pl) 2022-05-02
EP3452750B1 (fr) 2022-03-16
ES2910106T3 (es) 2022-05-11
JP6949049B2 (ja) 2021-10-13
EP3452750A1 (fr) 2019-03-13
US10711945B2 (en) 2020-07-14
JP2019515219A (ja) 2019-06-06
US20190145578A1 (en) 2019-05-16

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