WO2017187317A1 - Plaque balistique et gilet pare-balles - Google Patents
Plaque balistique et gilet pare-balles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017187317A1 WO2017187317A1 PCT/IB2017/052343 IB2017052343W WO2017187317A1 WO 2017187317 A1 WO2017187317 A1 WO 2017187317A1 IB 2017052343 W IB2017052343 W IB 2017052343W WO 2017187317 A1 WO2017187317 A1 WO 2017187317A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- elastomeric material
- metal element
- ballistic plate
- axis
- plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
- F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
- F41H5/0442—Layered armour containing metal
- F41H5/0457—Metal layers in combination with additional layers made of fibres, fabrics or plastics
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H1/00—Personal protection gear
- F41H1/02—Armoured or projectile- or missile-resistant garments; Composite protection fabrics
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of devices for protection against firearms, and in details it relates to a ballistic plate.
- the present invention further relates to a method for producing said ballistic plate.
- Ballistic plates are protection devices intended to stop a bullet typically fired by a firearm.
- Ballistic plates are integrated within bulletproof vests, worn by the user in case of need for protection, when said user runs the risk of being shot by one or more armed people.
- thermoballistic protections both those intended to protect a user against direct impact of a bullet or part of a bullet fired by a thermoballistic device such as a firearm, and those intended to protect the user against objects or bullets shot by a merely mechanical device, are divided into two subgroups:
- Flexible protections are typically made by assembling shaped panels by superimposing fabrics with similar or not similar characteristics, in order to obtain an overall assembly that cannot be penetrated by a specific bullet.
- rigid protections are provided with at least one rigid element that cannot be absolutely bent by hand, and apparently it is monolithic, able to stop a specific travelling bullet.
- flexible protections - called also as softarmors - are intended to protect the user from handgun bullets generally exhibiting a velocity lower than 500 m/s and a very high diameter- to- velocity ratio.
- many handgun ammunitions have a diameter greater than 7mm, and many ammunitions also greater than 10 mm. Accordingly the impact area of the bullet is quite large, in relation to its velocity.
- Rifle-fired bullets can hit a target at a velocity considerably higher than 500 m/s, with peaks even higher than lOOOm/s.
- Rifle-fired bullets particularly in case of rifled barrels, have a sharper point, and except for rare cases of bullets for anti-materiel rifles, the bullet diameter is typically lower than one centimeter. Accordingly area-to-velocity ratio is considerably lower.
- the rule anyway, imposes deformation to be recorded by measuring the indentation formed on a mass of normalized plasticine to which the protection is previously attached.
- the protection level of ballistic plates today is defined as it follows:
- NIJ Level I (.22 LR; .380 ACP) This armor protects against (40 grains) .22 Long Rifle Lead Round Nose bullets at a velocity of 329 m/s and against (95 grains) .380 ACP Full Metal Jacket RN bullets at a velocity of about 322 m/s. It is no longer part of the standard (it is too light).
- NIJ Level Ila (9mm; .40 S&W) It protects against (124 grains) 9x19mm Parabellum Full Metal Jacket Round Nose (FMJ RN) bullets at a velocity of about 373 m/s and against (180 grains) .40 Smith & Wesson bullets at a velocity of about 352 m/s. It also provides protection against threats mentioned in Level I.
- NIJ Level II (9mm; .357 Magnum) It protects against (124 grains) 9 mm FMJ RN bullets at a velocity of 398 m/s and against (158 grains) .357 Magnum Jacketed Soft Point bullets (JSP) at a velocity of about 436 m/s. It also provides protection against threats mentioned in Level Ila and I.
- NIJ Level Ilia (.357 Sig; .44 Magnum) It protects against (125 grains) .357 SIG Flat Nose (FN) bullets at a velocity of 448 m/s and against (240 grains) .44 Magnum Semi Jacketed Hollow Point (SJHP) bullets at a velocity of about 436 m/s. It also provides protection against most handgun bullets, but also threats mentioned in previous levels (I, Ila and II).
- NIJ Level III (Rifles) It protects against (148 grains) 7.62x51mm NATO (M80 bullet) at a velocity of about 847 m/s. It also provides protection against threats mentioned in previous levels (I, Ila, II, Ilia).
- NIJ Level IV (Piercing Rifles) It protects against 166 grains (about 10.7 grams) .30-06 Springfield M2 armor-piercing (AP) bullets at a velocity of 878 m/s. It provides at least single hit protection against threats mentioned in all previous armor levels.
- the Applicant has found that many ballistic protections, even if able to provide optimal protection against a bullet received both from handgun and rifle, even of large caliber, do not provide enough protection in case of multiple impacts.
- the Applicant has particularly found that in case of many close shots, many ballistic plates become damaged, by letting the bullet penetrating therein or by projecting fragments towards the user at such a velocity to jeopardize his life.
- the object of the present invention therefore is to describe a ballistic plate able to overcome above mentioned drawbacks.
- a ballistic plate comprising a body defined on a first axis, on a second axis and on a third axis, said third axis being orthogonal to said first and second axis, said ballistic plate being characterized in that it comprises a body made of elastomeric material made as a single piece and a substantially planar metal element, said metal element being included in said body of elastomeric material such to define a layer of elastomeric material between said metal element along said third axis and a periphery of elastomeric material external to said metal material along a plane parallel to the plane defined by said first axis and second axis.
- said metal element is a plate made of steel or an alloy thereof or steel joined to other materials, resistant to firearm bullets, and wherein the assembly composed of said metal element and said body of elastomeric material provides a ballistic protection level equal to or higher than NIJ III level.
- said body of elastomeric material is made at least partially of polyurethane.
- said elastomeric material periphery has a minimum thickness of 5 mm, preferably of 20 mm and anyway preferably within 25 mm.
- said body of elastomeric material has a front face intended, in use, to oppose an incident firearm-fired bullet and a rear face intended, in use, to remain in a position proximal to a user body; said front face and said rear face being planar and parallel.
- said body of elastomeric material has a front face intended, in use, to oppose an incident firearm-fired bullet and a rear face intended, in use, to remain in a position proximal to a user body; said front face being convex and said rear face being concave; said metal element taking the same curvature of said front face and said rear face.
- said metal element is at a distance at least equal to 5 mm from said front face, said distance being measured along said Z axis.
- said metal element is at a distance at least equal to 3 mm from said rear face, said distance being measured along said Z axis.
- said ballistic plate comprises an additional stop layer, said additional stop layer being placed in front of said metal element.
- said additional stop layer is glued to said metal layer.
- said additional stop layer is made of aramid fiber.
- said additional stop layer is made of glass material and/or polyethylene.
- said elastomeric material layer comprises a plurality of inserts, preferably made of the same material of said elastomeric material.
- Said inserts can also be made of a material, although being plastic material, with characteristics also slightly different than those of the elastomeric material, for example nylon, and also with slightly different density characteristics, although the best performances as regards overall resistance of the vest are achieved with a material having uniform characteristics and density.
- a method for manufacturing a ballistic plate comprising a step of inserting a planar metal element in a mold on supporting means intended to define an intermediate volume on three dimensions between said metal element and the inner walls of said mold; said method further comprising a step of positioning of low pressure injection or pouring said elastomeric material in said intermediate volume, and a step of waiting for said elastomeric material to solidify; said method being characterized in that said supporting means are made of the same elastomeric material or other elastomeric material or synthetic material intended, in use, to become an integral part of the body of the ballistic plate of the present invention.
- an additional stop layer is juxtaposed to said metal element and kept in a position resting thereon by means of said supporting means.
- a bulletproof vest wearable by a user, comprising a pair of shoulder straps, an opening being provided therebetween for the passage of head and neck of a user; said bulletproof vest being characterized in that it comprises at least one front pocket or supporting element for a ballistic plate according to one of the preceding characteristics.
- FIG. 1 is a section view of a first preferred and non-limitative embodiment of a ballistic plate according to the present invention
- - figure 2 is the front view of the plate of figure 1 ;
- - figure 3 is a section view of a second preferred and non-limitative embodiment of a ballistic plate according to the present invention;
- FIG. 4 is a section view of a third preferred and non-limitative embodiment of a ballistic plate according to the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a section view of a fourth preferred and non-limitative embodiment of a ballistic plate according to the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a section view of a fifth preferred and non-limitative embodiment of a ballistic plate according to the present invention. While:
- FIG. 7 is a detail of a mold for producing the ballistic plate according to the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a detail of a modification of the mold for producing the ballistic plate according to the present invention.
- figure 9 is, finally, a detail of a supporting means used in the mold of figure 8 for making the plate according to the present invention.
- Reference numeral 100 generally denotes a ballistic plate.
- the ballistic plate 100 extends with a body on a first vertical axis X, on a second axis Y in width direction and on a third axis Z in depth direction.
- the ballistic plate 100 of the present invention comprises a main body made of elastomeric material, typically polyure thane based, defining a front face 103 and a rear face 104.
- the front face 103 is the one that, in use, receives the bullet fired from the firearm or more generally from a thermoballistic device (direction defined by arrow F).
- the front face 103 and the rear face 104 are planar.
- the ballistic plate 100 of the present invention further comprises a metal element 102, extending for the substantial part of the area of the plate.
- the metal element 102 that in the first embodiment shown in figures 1 and 2 is composed of a flat plate, is embedded into the elastomeric material 101.
- the body made of elastomeric material 101 is integrally made, without interruption, such to completely enclose the metal element 102.
- the body made of elastomeric material 101 it is possible to include inserts, but even in this case it is always possible to identify a continuous closed path along the surface of the elastomeric material 101 such to maintain said continuity unchanged and therefore maintaining the enclosure entirety.
- the construction of the plate 100 of the present invention is such that the metal element 102 is completely surrounded by at least a portion of elastomeric material 101, such to define a first and second layer 111, 112 a front and rear and lower and upper layer respectively of the elastomeric material 101 between the metal element 102 and the front face 103 and between the metal element 102 and the rear face 104 (therefore looking at the plate on a plane comprising the Z axis) and, defining, when looking at the plate of the present invention from the front as in figure 2, a periphery 108, 109, 110 made of elastomeric material 101 with respect to the edges of the plate itself, preferably equal to 20 mm.
- the periphery 108, 109, 110 is defined by a plane parallel to the plane defined by X-axis and Y-axis.
- the Applicant has found that the impact of one or more rifle bullets on a metal material is such to project fragments of the bullet itself or of the metal material all around the latter. Therefore the presence of a metal element 102 completely embedded in a structure made of elastomeric material, therefore being considerably softer, advantageously allows a layer of elastomeric material 101 to be always provided, on each axis, allowing the speed of fragments projected by the impact of the bullet against the metal element 102 to be reduced without letting them out while preventing the user from being subjected to a trauma.
- the provision of an elastomeric material layer even behind the metal element 101 guarantees a considerable reduction in impact force by areal unit transmitted to the user therefore suffering from the impact of the bullet considerably less than he would have suffered if such layer had not been present. Therefore also in this case trauma is reduced. From studies made by the Applicant it results than the minimum thickness 111 between the metal element 101 and the front face 103 of the plate 100 of the present invention, measured along Z-axis, is equal to 5mm, and preferably it being not higher than 15mm.
- the minimum thickness 111 between the metal element 101 and the rear face 104 of the plate 100 of the present invention, measured along Z-axis, is equal to 3mm, and preferably it being not higher than 10mm.
- Such limits define a proper relation between prevention of the risk of fragment projections in front of or behind the metal element 101, with respect to the total weight of the plate 100 of the present invention.
- the Applicant has found that the minimum periphery necessary on the X-Y plane to prevent fragments from being projected laterally is equal to at least 10mm.
- the Applicant has particularly found that the projection of fragments to the sides is particularly insidious since, if projected, such fragments may hit sensitive areas such as arms, neck region (fragments projected upwardly) and, if the user is crouched down, also legs.
- the periphery 102 of elastomeric material therefore advantageously allows reducing and almost annulling the risk of a bullet, even incident on an end portion of the metal element 101, producing fragments out from the plate 100 of the present invention.
- the Applicant has also found a surprising effect obtained by the plate as described above.
- the Applicant has found that multiple shots on a reduced area, lower than 10cm 2 , does not cause the bullet to pass beyond the metal element and it does not cause fragments to be projected out of the plate 100.
- a plate is provided able to efficaciously repair the user even when he is hit by shots fired in a very small area, for example a typical situation of a fight in a small area where the assailant hits the user wearing the plate of the present invention with a burst, for example, of three shots, which is one of the typical operating conditions of NATO firearms.
- a part of the rear portion of the elastomeric material 101 can be replaced by polyurethane foam with the same or higher thickness.
- Figure 2 shows one embodiment where the lower portion is tapered with respect to the upper portion, but such design has not to be intended as a limitation.
- Figure 3 shows a second embodiment of the plate 100 of the present invention.
- Such second embodiment is different from the first one in that on X-Z plane it has such a curvature to make the front face 103 convex and the rear face 104 concave.
- Such design guarantees it to better fit the user torso and therefore guarantees a more efficacious distribution of impact energy of a bullet.
- the curvature of the front face 103 has a same radius of curvature as the rear face 104. This guarantees uniformity in the thickness of elastomeric material between the metal element 101 and the edges of the plate. Therefore in the second embodiment shown in figure 3, also the metal element 101 takes a curvature, with characteristics equal to those of the front face 103 and rear face 104.
- the Applicant has provided a pair of further embodiments of the ballistic plate 100, shown in figure 4 and figure 5.
- Such third and fourth embodiments are different in that one provides planar front face 103 and rear face 104, as in the case of the first embodiment, while the second one provides curved front face 103 and rear face 104, and one convex and the other one concave respectively, as in the case of the second embodiment.
- the third and fourth embodiments have at least one additional stop layer 120, that can be made of aramid fiber embedded in the elastomeric material 101 or glass or even polyethylene.
- the applicant has found the efficacy of the aramid material (for example Kevlar) both if used as fiber and not strictly woven form.
- the juxtaposition of the additional stop layer made of Kevlar on the face of the metal element 102 facing the front face 103 of the plate 100, well embedded into the elastomeric material 101 guarantees an optimal reduction of the impact velocity of the bullet against the metal material 102, and with the overall thickness of the plate 100 along Z-axis being equal, with the thickness of the metal plate 102 being equal, it allows the user to be protected against considerably larger calibers with respect to the protection the plate 100, without said additional stop layer 102, could provide.
- the ballistic plate 100 of the present invention is made by a method of low pressure injection or by pouring with gravity said elastomeric material. More precisely the ballistic plate 100 of the present invention is made starting from positioning or inserting the metal element 102 in a mold 200 having a first and a second openable shells 202 to allow the metal element 102 to be inserted therein. The metal element 102 is placed on supporting elements 203 with such a size to define an intermediate volume on three dimensions between said metal element 102 and the inner walls of the two shells of the mold.
- the supporting elements 203 are preferably made of the same elastomeric material as the body of the plate 100. This advantageously allows, at the end of injection or pouring, to have a more uniform structure, able not to have discontinuous interruptions in the material density, such to guarantee - regardless of the area hit by the bullet - the same body stopping action without risks for the user.
- said supporting elements 203 that, in use, become the inserts 130-133 part of the body of the plate 100 of the present invention, can also be made of other elastomeric materials or nylon with a density identical to or similar to that of the elastomeric material 101; the fact of providing identical material and density guarantees the highest uniformity in the characteristics stopping the shot bullets.
- a step of positioning by low pressure injection or pouring said elastomeric material in said intermediate volume and a step of waiting for said elastomeric material to solidify.
- the elastomeric material is poured or injected through one or more injection holes 201 present in the shells 202.
- the pouring or low pressure injection advantageously allows a higher production cost-effectiveness to be provided.
- high pressure injections, especially with reduced thickness plates cause the metal plate to be deformed leading to compromise the overall protection efficiency of the plate.
- the pouring is performed by inclining the plate such to prevent bubbles from forming, according to a known technique. If the additional stop layer 120 is present, it is juxtaposed to the metal element 102 and it is kept laying on it by the supporting means 203.
- Figure 8 and figure 9 show a side section view of a modification of the mold for producing the plate of the present invention and a perspective detail of the supporting means 203 of the present invention respectively.
- FIG. 8 shows a supporting means 203 with a frustum of pyramid shape that is introduced above and below the metal element 101 such to keep it positioned in the center of the volume of the mold, leaving enough space to allow the elastomeric material to be poured.
- the supporting means 203 in this case has a body having a bottom wall 203a in the tapered portion of the frustum of pyramid, that in use is intended to rest on the bottom and on the upper portion of the shells 202 respectively.
- bottom wall 203a From the bottom wall 203a two side walls 203c extend with are inclined opposite to each other joined each one with a portion of the side wall orthogonal to the bottom wall 203a. Between the two portions of side walls orthogonal to the bottom wall 203a there is provided a planar bottom recess 203b, which has an end wall parallel to the bottom wall 203a.
- the thickness of the end wall, and therefore of the recess 203b has such a size at least equal to the thickness of the metal element 101, possibly slightly thicker, such to allow it to be inserted and secured.
- the supporting means 203 is preferably made of the same elastomeric material that then is poured in the mold, even if there is the possibility of making the supporting element 203 with other characteristics, especially density characteristics, as described above.
- the ballistic plate produced as described above combines strength characteristics with lightness and wearing-easiness characteristics, guaranteeing an optimal protection of the user against a great plurality of bullets, both shot by handgun and rifle, preventing not only the bullet from passing through but also preventing fragments from forming towards each side, and preventing bursts of several bullets fired in very small areas from causing the plate to be perforated causing the user body to be hit by the bullet.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
Abstract
L'invention concerne une plaque balistique (100) comprenant un corps délimité sur un premier axe (X), sur un deuxième axe (Y) et sur un troisième axe (Z), ledit troisième axe (Z) étant perpendiculaire auxdits premier et second axes (X, Y), ladite plaque balistique étant caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un corps en matériau élastomère (101) et un élément métallique sensiblement plan (102), ledit élément métallique étant compris dans ledit corps de matériau élastomère (101) de façon à délimiter une couche (111, 112) de matériau élastomère entre ledit élément métallique (102) le long dudit troisième axe (Z) et une périphérie de matériau élastomère (101) externe audit matériau métallique (102) le long d'un plan parallèle au plan délimité par ledit premier axe (X) et ledit second axe (Y).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH00564/16 | 2016-04-28 | ||
| CH00564/16A CH712405B1 (it) | 2016-04-28 | 2016-04-28 | Piastra balistica e giubbotto antiproiettile associato. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2017187317A1 true WO2017187317A1 (fr) | 2017-11-02 |
Family
ID=59055234
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IB2017/052343 Ceased WO2017187317A1 (fr) | 2016-04-28 | 2017-04-24 | Plaque balistique et gilet pare-balles |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CH (1) | CH712405B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2017187317A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022203894A3 (fr) * | 2021-01-12 | 2023-01-26 | Cola Gary M | Matériaux protecteurs résistant aux impacts pour une sécurité accrue dans des environnements hostiles |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007042877A2 (fr) * | 2005-10-07 | 2007-04-19 | Cosimo Cioffi | Structure a l'epreuve des balles |
| US7210390B1 (en) * | 2005-02-23 | 2007-05-01 | Simula, Inc. | Buoyancy device for personnel protective plates |
| WO2008051199A2 (fr) * | 2005-09-27 | 2008-05-02 | High Impact Technology, L.L.C. | Structure de blindage et procédé |
| EP2068111A2 (fr) * | 2007-12-05 | 2009-06-10 | Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. | Matériaux composites résistant aux impacts et leurs procédés de fabrication |
| US20100162459A1 (en) * | 2008-12-31 | 2010-07-01 | Lawrence Greg Bronstein | Vest insert for tactical training |
| US20110232470A1 (en) * | 2008-10-29 | 2011-09-29 | Cosimo Cioffi | Method of producing a shell-proof and bullet-proof structure, and shell-proof and bullet-proof structure |
| WO2014097327A1 (fr) * | 2012-12-18 | 2014-06-26 | B-Max S.R.L. | Dispositif de protection |
| US20160231088A1 (en) * | 2014-09-27 | 2016-08-11 | Michael Blackmore | Composite body armor |
-
2016
- 2016-04-28 CH CH00564/16A patent/CH712405B1/it unknown
-
2017
- 2017-04-24 WO PCT/IB2017/052343 patent/WO2017187317A1/fr not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7210390B1 (en) * | 2005-02-23 | 2007-05-01 | Simula, Inc. | Buoyancy device for personnel protective plates |
| WO2008051199A2 (fr) * | 2005-09-27 | 2008-05-02 | High Impact Technology, L.L.C. | Structure de blindage et procédé |
| WO2007042877A2 (fr) * | 2005-10-07 | 2007-04-19 | Cosimo Cioffi | Structure a l'epreuve des balles |
| EP2068111A2 (fr) * | 2007-12-05 | 2009-06-10 | Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. | Matériaux composites résistant aux impacts et leurs procédés de fabrication |
| US20110232470A1 (en) * | 2008-10-29 | 2011-09-29 | Cosimo Cioffi | Method of producing a shell-proof and bullet-proof structure, and shell-proof and bullet-proof structure |
| US20100162459A1 (en) * | 2008-12-31 | 2010-07-01 | Lawrence Greg Bronstein | Vest insert for tactical training |
| WO2014097327A1 (fr) * | 2012-12-18 | 2014-06-26 | B-Max S.R.L. | Dispositif de protection |
| US20160231088A1 (en) * | 2014-09-27 | 2016-08-11 | Michael Blackmore | Composite body armor |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022203894A3 (fr) * | 2021-01-12 | 2023-01-26 | Cola Gary M | Matériaux protecteurs résistant aux impacts pour une sécurité accrue dans des environnements hostiles |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CH712405B1 (it) | 2020-07-15 |
| CH712405A2 (it) | 2017-10-31 |
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