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WO2017164069A1 - Matériau d'impression tridimensionnelle, modèle tridimensionnel pour analyse des contraintes, et procédé d'amélioration de conception de modèle - Google Patents

Matériau d'impression tridimensionnelle, modèle tridimensionnel pour analyse des contraintes, et procédé d'amélioration de conception de modèle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017164069A1
WO2017164069A1 PCT/JP2017/010699 JP2017010699W WO2017164069A1 WO 2017164069 A1 WO2017164069 A1 WO 2017164069A1 JP 2017010699 W JP2017010699 W JP 2017010699W WO 2017164069 A1 WO2017164069 A1 WO 2017164069A1
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Prior art keywords
stress
dimensional
distribution information
design
data
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
寺崎正
菊永和也
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National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology AIST
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National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology AIST
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Priority to JP2018507279A priority Critical patent/JP6784974B2/ja
Publication of WO2017164069A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017164069A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C67/00—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a material for additive manufacturing, a three-dimensional object for stress analysis, and a design improvement method for a structure.
  • a design drawing is drawn using a computer etc. while taking into consideration the design and strength, and a small three-dimensional model (three-dimensional model) is created based on the design drawing.
  • a large three-dimensional model is created while studying, and finally the actual bridge is constructed.
  • the computer-based dynamic calculation currently being performed is mainly based on static stress, and there is still room for study on dynamic stress.
  • the simulation result on the computer may be different from the concentrated portion of the dynamic stress in the structure.
  • the verification of the three-dimensional object is only to measure the surface of the three-dimensional object by attaching a strain gauge or the like, and it is only possible to grasp the surface and partial stress.
  • the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and is capable of grasping internal stress and forming a three-dimensional structure that can grasp not only static stress but also dynamic stress.
  • a material for additive manufacturing is provided.
  • the present invention also provides a three-dimensional object for stress analysis and a method for improving the design of a structure.
  • a plurality of coordinate points are scanned continuously or intermittently to have plasticity.
  • a material for layered modeling for supplying a layered molding apparatus that builds a predetermined three-dimensional modeled object by laminating materials for use on a scanning trajectory, and which can change between a plastic state and a cured state
  • the base material contains a stress-stimulated luminescent material.
  • the additive manufacturing material according to the present invention is also characterized by the following points.
  • (2) The longitudinal elastic modulus is 1000 nm / N or less in the cured state of the resin base.
  • the stress-stimulated luminescent material is contained in the resin base in a proportion of 10 to 90% by weight.
  • (4) The particle size of the stress-stimulated luminescent material is 10 nm to 100 ⁇ m.
  • a stress light-emitting portion made of a cured body of the layered modeling material according to any one of (1) to (4) is provided in at least a part of the three-dimensional model. It was decided that
  • the stress light emitting portion is also characterized in that it is formed inside the three-dimensional object.
  • a three-dimensional data creation step for creating three-dimensional data, a three-dimensional object for analysis that builds a three-dimensional object for stress analysis by a layered object modeling apparatus based on the three-dimensional data, and a three-dimensional object for stress analysis obtained A distribution information acquisition step of acquiring stress distribution information by causing a stress light emission part to emit light while applying a predetermined external force to the light and viewing or recording a light emission image of the stress light emission part, and the obtained stress distribution
  • the structural design improvement method (8) in the distribution information feedback step, until it is determined that the design data need not be improved, the three-dimensional data creation step and the analysis It is also characterized by repeatedly performing the modeled object construction process, the distribution information acquisition process, and the comparative examination process.
  • a three-dimensional data creation step of creating three-dimensional data of a desired structure, and a three-dimensional modeled object by an additive manufacturing apparatus based on the three-dimensional data Surface of at least a part of a three-dimensional structure formed by a layered structure material in which a stress luminescent material is contained in a resin base that can be changed between a plastic state and a cured state And applying a predetermined external force to the obtained three-dimensional object for surface stress analysis, and a three-dimensional object for surface stress analysis to construct a three-dimensional object for surface stress analysis having an adhesion stress light emitting portion.
  • the distribution information feedback process is performed.
  • a plurality of coordinate points are scanned continuously or intermittently based on the inputted three-dimensional data, and the plastic forming material is cured while being cured on the scanning locus.
  • a layered modeling material for supplying to a layered modeling apparatus that constructs a predetermined three-dimensional modeled object, wherein a stress-luminescent material is included in a resin base that can be changed between a plastic state and a cured state Therefore, it is possible to provide a layered modeling material that can form a three-dimensional modeled object that can grasp internal stress and can grasp not only static stress but also dynamic stress. it can.
  • the longitudinal elastic modulus is 1000 nm / N or less in the cured state of the resin base, it is possible to realize a solid stress propagation, and to form a three-dimensional molded article excellent in response to stress. it can.
  • the stress-stimulated luminescent material is contained in the resin base in a proportion of 10 to 90% by weight, it is possible to form a three-dimensional structure that can emit light sufficiently and uniformly according to the stress. it can.
  • the particle diameter of the stress-stimulated luminescent material is 10 nm to 100 ⁇ m, embrittlement of the three-dimensional structure resulting from the addition of the stress-stimulated luminescent material can be suppressed. Furthermore, the three-dimensional molded item which shows a favorable reaction can be formed.
  • the stress light-emitting portion made of the cured body of the additive manufacturing material according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is provided in at least a part of the three-dimensional object. Therefore, it is possible to provide a three-dimensional object for stress analysis that can grasp not only static stress but also dynamic stress.
  • the stress light emitting part is formed inside the three-dimensional structure, it is possible to grasp the internal stress, and not only the static stress but also the three-dimensional structure that can grasp the dynamic stress. Can be formed.
  • the structure improvement method for a structure using the above-described three-dimensional object for stress analysis, which is a three-dimensional data for creating three-dimensional data of a desired structure A predetermined external force is applied to the three-dimensional object for stress analysis and the three-dimensional object for stress analysis obtained by the data creation process, the three-dimensional object model for stress analysis based on the three-dimensional data.
  • the distribution information feedback step until it is determined that the design data need not be improved, the three-dimensional data creation step, the analytical object construction step, the distribution information acquisition step, and the comparison If the examination process is repeated, it is possible to design for a more dynamically refined structure.
  • a three-dimensional model is created by a three-dimensional modeling apparatus based on the three-dimensional data creation step for creating the three-dimensional data of the desired structure, and the three-dimensional data.
  • the layered structure material comprising the stress-luminescent material in the resin base that can be changed between the plastic state and the cured state.
  • the present invention continuously or intermittently scans between a plurality of coordinate points based on the input three-dimensional data, and laminates a plastic modeling material while curing it on a scanning trajectory to obtain a predetermined three-dimensional modeled object.
  • a layered modeling material for supplying to a layered modeling apparatus to be constructed, wherein the layered modeling material includes a stress luminescent material in a resin base that can be changed between a plastic state and a cured state. Is.
  • the additive manufacturing apparatus to which the additive manufacturing material according to the present embodiment is supplied can be understood as, for example, a so-called 3D printer.
  • a 3D printer such as a hot melt additive manufacturing method, an ink jet method, a powder sintering method, or an optical modeling method can be used.
  • the scanning in the additive manufacturing apparatus may be a head that discharges the forming material as in the above-described hot-melt lamination method or the ink jet method, and the light irradiation unit as in the powder sintering method or the optical modeling method. It may be.
  • the resin base may be any material that can be changed between a plastic state and a cured state, and preferably has a high transmittance of fluorescence emitted from the stress-stimulated luminescent material described later, and excites the stress-stimulated luminescent material. It is desirable to employ a material having a high excitation light transmittance. Examples of such materials include resins generated by photo radical polymerization, photo cation polymerization, photo anion polymerization, etc., acrylic resins, methacrylate resins, epoxy resins, urethane resins, ABS resins, PLA resins, PC resin, PP resin, etc. can be mentioned.
  • the resin base has a longitudinal elastic modulus of 1000 nm / N or less in the cured state.
  • the stress luminescent material emits light by deformation caused by a mechanical external force, and a known or unknown material can be adopted.
  • Known stress luminescent materials include, for example, spinel structure, corundum structure, ⁇ -alumina structure, silicate, defect-controlled aluminate, wurtzite structure and zinc-blende structure, and oxidation. , Sulfides, selenides, or tellurides, and the like.
  • LiSrPO 4 : Eu 2+ , LiBaPO 4 : Eu 2+ , xSrO ⁇ yAl 2 O 3 ⁇ zMO M is a divalent metal, Mg, Ca, Ba, x, y, z are integers, that is, M is not limited as long as it is a divalent metal, but Mg, Ca, Ba is preferable, and x, y, z is 1 XSrO ⁇ yAl 2 O 3 ⁇ zSiO 2 (x, y, z are integers), BaTiO 3 —CaTiO 3 : Pr (red), ZnS: M (M is a divalent metal) Although not limited, Mn, Ga, Cu, etc.
  • such a stress-stimulated luminescent material may be contained in the resin base in a proportion of 10 to 90% by weight, more preferably 50 to 80% by weight. By adding in such a ratio, it is possible to form a three-dimensional structure that can emit light sufficiently and uniformly according to stress.
  • the particle diameter of the stress-stimulated luminescent material added to the resin base can be 10 nm to 100 ⁇ m. By setting it as such a particle diameter, embrittlement of the three-dimensional molded item resulting from addition of a stress luminescent material can be suppressed, and the three-dimensional molded item which shows a further favorable reaction with respect to the stress applied experimentally. Can be formed.
  • the present application also provides a three-dimensional object for stress analysis in which at least a part of the three-dimensional object is provided with a stress light emitting portion made of a cured body of the above-mentioned additive manufacturing material.
  • Such a three-dimensional object for stress analysis is an external force corresponding to an external force that is expected to be applied to the actual structure, that is, a scale ratio between the actual structure and the three-dimensional object for stress analysis.
  • this stress light emitting portion may be provided not only on the surface of the three-dimensional object for stress analysis but also on the inside or both.
  • this stress light emitting part inside the three-dimensional object for stress analysis, it is possible to grasp not only the static stress but also the dynamic stress with respect to the internal stress corresponding to the external force.
  • the structural design improvement method according to the present embodiment is characterized in that it has a three-dimensional data creation process, an analytical shaped object construction process, a distribution information acquisition process, a comparative examination process, and a distribution information feedback process. Have.
  • the 3D data creation process is a process of creating 3D data of a desired structure. Specifically, it is understood as a process of creating a design drawing or the like of a desired structure on paper or on a computer. Can do. For example, when performing this process using a computer, the data of the existing structure is transferred to the computer via a device capable of measuring a three-dimensional shape, such as a contact-type or non-contact-type coordinate measuring machine or a 3D scanner. You may make it produce three-dimensional data by taking in.
  • the analytical modeling object construction process is a process of constructing a three-dimensional modeling object for stress analysis using an additive manufacturing apparatus based on three-dimensional data.
  • the design drawing created in the above-described 3D data creation process is supplied to a so-called 3D printer or the like in a predetermined format required by the 3D printer.
  • the 3D modeling material according to the present embodiment is supplied to the 3D printer at least, and the formed three-dimensional object is a three-dimensional object for stress analysis in which a stress light-emitting portion is formed in part or all. It becomes.
  • the stress light emission part is caused to emit light while applying a predetermined external force to the obtained three-dimensional object for stress analysis, and the light emission image of the stress light emission part is visually or recorded. It is a process of acquiring information.
  • the external force applied to the three-dimensional object for stress analysis is an external force corresponding to the scale ratio between the actual structure and the three-dimensional object for stress analysis.
  • the external force may be a static stress or a dynamic stress.
  • the three-dimensional object for stress analysis which gives stress may be a thing which performed processing of excavation etc. suitably, and another three-dimensional modeling Of course, it may be used in combination with an object.
  • the stress light emission part shows a light emission distribution according to these stresses.
  • the stress light emitting portion regardless of whether the light emitted from the stress light emitting portion is visible light or not, it can be imaged by a recording device that can capture this light, such as a film camera, a digital camera, a moving image photographing device, etc. It is also possible to acquire stress distribution information by a method of recording with a photoreactive material such as a stress history recording system developed by the inventors.
  • the comparative examination process is a process for examining the improvement of the design data while referring to the obtained stress distribution information and the design data of the structure.
  • the design data means data related to the design of the structure, and is a higher concept including the above-described three-dimensional data. That is, the design data is a concept including not only the three-dimensional data of the structure but also the surrounding ground data and the like related to the strength of the structure.
  • the distribution information feedback step is a step of changing the design data based on the stress distribution information when it is determined in the comparative examination step that the design data needs to be improved. That is, it is a step of actually reflecting on the design data the items recognized as needing improvement in the design data in the comparative examination step based on the stress distribution information.
  • the above-described three-dimensional data creation process, analytical model construction process, distribution information acquisition process, comparison study process, and distribution information feedback process do not require improvement of design data in the same distribution information feedback process. It may be repeatedly performed until the determination is made.
  • the structure design improving method includes a three-dimensional data creation process, a model building process, a surface analysis model building process, a distribution information acquisition process, a comparative examination process, and a distribution information. It is good also as having a feedback process.
  • the three-dimensional data creation process, the distribution information acquisition process, the comparative examination process, and the distribution information feedback process are substantially the same as the above-described processes, and thus description thereof is omitted.
  • the model building process is a process of building a three-dimensional modeled object with a layered modeling apparatus based on three-dimensional data, and is different from the above-described analytical model building process in that it does not require the formation of a stress light emitting part in this process. is doing.
  • the surface analysis shaped article construction process includes at least a part of a three-dimensional shaped article in which a layered modeling material in which a stress luminescent material is included in a resin base that can be changed between a plastic state and a cured state. It is a step of building a three-dimensionally shaped object for surface stress analysis, which is attached to the surface and provided with an adhesion stress light emitting part.
  • the additive manufacturing material according to the present embodiment by applying the additive manufacturing material according to the present embodiment to a part or all of the surface of the three-dimensional object formed by the additive manufacturing apparatus, the adhesion stress light-emitting portion is formed and surface stress is applied. It is a process of constructing a three-dimensional object for analysis.
  • test piece was formed in a cylindrical shape having a diameter of 25 mm and a height of 10 mm.
  • FIG. 1 (a) is a graph showing the relationship between weighting and distortion, with the horizontal axis representing weight and the vertical axis representing distortion.
  • FIG. 1B is a graph showing the relationship between strain at 1000 N load and the number of observed photons, where the horizontal axis is the strain and the vertical axis is the number of photons per 20 milliseconds.
  • the light emission amount at 1000N load is LCR-green (sample number 8), CR-CL-green (sample number 28), MJT-green (sample number 33), M3 -Large amounts of luminescence were observed with relatively small distortion in green (sample number 23) and XYZ-green (sample number 13).
  • PRH-green sample number 3
  • HC-green sample number 18
  • the longitudinal elastic modulus is 1000 nm / N or less, more preferably 600 nm / N or less, in improving the sensitive light-emitting property to external force. was confirmed to be preferable.
  • SrAl 2 O 4 Eu-based stress luminescent material that emits green light fluorescence is contained in a photo-curing resin manufactured by Microjet Co., Ltd. at 0%, 30%, 50%, 70%, 90%.
  • the material for additive manufacturing was obtained by adding at a ratio of% and mixing well.
  • test piece was formed in a cylindrical shape having a diameter of 25 mm and a height of 10 mm.
  • test pieces were irradiated with ultraviolet light of 365 nm with an intensity of 0.7 mW / cm 2 as excitation light for 1 minute, and after 5 minutes, the load was applied in a triangular wave shape up to 1000 N, and light emission was measured. The result is shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 2 (a) is a graph showing changes over time in weighting and light emission intensity, with the horizontal axis representing time, the left vertical axis representing light emission intensity, and the right vertical axis representing weighting.
  • FIG. 2B is a graph showing the relationship between the mixing ratio of the stress-stimulated luminescent material and the light emission intensity, in which values near the maximum light emission intensity of each sample in FIG. 2A are plotted.
  • the horizontal axis represents the amount of stress-stimulated luminescent material added
  • the left vertical axis represents the stress emission intensity (white circle)
  • the right vertical axis represents the emission intensity (square).
  • the ratio X of the stress-stimulated luminescent material added to the resin base is in the range of 0 wt% ⁇ X ⁇ 90 wt%, more preferably 10 wt% ⁇ X ⁇ 90 wt%. It was shown that a practical three-dimensional model for stress analysis can be obtained.
  • the compounding ratio X of the stress luminescent material was considered to be more preferably about 10% by weight ⁇ X ⁇ 80% by weight.
  • the addition ratio X of the stress luminescent material is 30% by weight ⁇ X ⁇ 80% by weight, more preferably 50% by weight ⁇ X. It was suggested that by making ⁇ 80% by weight, a good additive manufacturing material can be obtained.
  • the created three-dimensional data is converted into a predetermined format and transmitted to XYZ Printing Japan Co., Ltd. Da Vinci 1.0A (additive modeling device), and the additive manufacturing material is provided to the additive manufacturing device for stress analysis.
  • a spring as a three-dimensional model was constructed (see FIG. 4A).
  • the stress light emission part is formed in the whole three-dimensional molded item for stress analysis.
  • the created spring can function as a three-dimensionally shaped object for stress analysis according to the present embodiment.
  • design drawings used for bridge construction were dropped onto 3D CAD on a computer, and the scale was reduced to create 3D data (3D data creation process).
  • the created three-dimensional data is converted into a predetermined format and transmitted to XYZ Printing Japan Co., Ltd. Da Vinci 1.0A (laminated modeling apparatus), and the laminated modeling apparatus includes the above-described stress luminescent material.
  • a bridge model as a three-dimensional model for stress analysis was constructed by providing two types of modeling material and a layered modeling material that does not contain a stress luminescent material (see FIG. 5B).
  • the stress light emission part of the created bridge model is partly formed inside the arched beam and inside the road, and the other part is made of additive manufacturing material that does not contain stress light emission material. (Analyzed object construction process).
  • the captured moving image includes a state in which the concentration portion of the internal dynamic stress changes with time according to the change in frequency (distribution information acquisition step).
  • the created bridge model can function as a three-dimensional model for stress analysis according to the present embodiment.
  • the pelvic plate is a member used for internal fixation of a fracture site, and it is necessary to provide sufficient strength against weighting, but weight reduction is also required.
  • the design of the pelvic plate shown in FIG. 6A was improved to develop a pelvic plate that is further reduced in weight while suppressing a decrease in mechanical strength.
  • the pelvic plate was scanned using a contact type three-dimensional measuring machine manufactured by Mitutoyo Corporation, and three-dimensional data of the pelvic plate was created on 3D CAD (three-dimensional data creation step).
  • the created three-dimensional data is converted into a predetermined format and transmitted to Keyence Co., Ltd.'s Agilista (inkjet additive manufacturing apparatus), and the additive manufacturing apparatus does not contain a stress luminescent material.
  • a pelvic plate model as a three-dimensional model for stress analysis was constructed (model A on FIG. 6B) (analytical model construction process).
  • the layered modeling material according to this embodiment (SrAl 2 O 4 : Eu-based stress luminescent material that emits green light fluorescence is 70% by weight with respect to substantially the entire surface of the pelvic plate model that does not include the stress luminescent material.
  • the adhesion stress light-emitting portion is formed by applying a paint dissolved in an organic solvent, and the pelvic plate model B (three-dimensional model for surface stress analysis) (in the center of FIG. 6B). Model).
  • the design information can be changed by performing a distribution information feedback process for changing the design data based on the stress distribution information. Improvements can be made.
  • a plurality of coordinate points are scanned continuously or intermittently based on the input three-dimensional data, and the modeling material having plasticity is scanned.
  • It is a material for additive manufacturing for supplying to an additive manufacturing apparatus that builds up a predetermined three-dimensional object by laminating while curing on a trajectory, and in a resin base that can change between a plastic state and a cured state Since it is assumed that stress-stimulated luminescent material is included, it is possible to grasp internal stress, and additive manufacturing that can form a three-dimensional structure that can grasp not only static stress but also dynamic stress. Materials can be provided.
  • the three-dimensional object for stress analysis since at least a part of the three-dimensional object is provided with the stress light emitting portion made of the cured body of the layered object material described above, static stress is provided. Needless to say, it is possible to provide a three-dimensional object for stress analysis that can grasp even dynamic stress.
  • the design improvement method for a structure is a design improvement method for a structure using the above-described three-dimensional object for stress analysis, and is a tertiary that creates three-dimensional data of a desired structure.
  • a predetermined external force is applied to the three-dimensional object for stress analysis and the three-dimensional object for analysis for analyzing the three-dimensional object for stress analysis based on the three-dimensional data, based on the three-dimensional data.
  • the static stress can be designed in light of even the course the dynamic stress.
  • a three-dimensional model is created by a three-dimensional model creation process based on the three-dimensional data creation step of creating the three-dimensional data of the desired structure, and the three-dimensional data.
  • Surface of at least a part of a three-dimensional structure formed by a layered structure material in which a stress luminescent material is contained in a resin base that can be changed between a plastic state and a cured state And applying a predetermined external force to the obtained three-dimensional object for surface stress analysis, and a three-dimensional object for surface stress analysis to construct a three-dimensional object for surface stress analysis having an adhesion stress light emitting portion.

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Abstract

L'objectif de l'invention est de proposer un matériau d'impression tridimensionnelle qui peut former un modèle tridimensionnel avec lequel une contrainte interne peut être déterminée et non seulement une contrainte statique mais également une contrainte dynamique peuvent être déterminées. La présente invention concerne un matériau d'impression tridimensionnelle devant être fourni à un appareil d'impression tridimensionnelle pour construire un modèle tridimensionnel spécifié en balayant entre de multiples points de coordonnée de façon continue ou discontinue sur la base de données tridimensionnelles d'entrée et stratifiant tout en durcissant le matériau de modélisation plastique sur le trajet de balayage, le matériau d'impression tridimensionnelle comprenant un matériau luminescent de contrainte dans une base de résine, qui est apte à passer d'un état plastique à un état durci.
PCT/JP2017/010699 2016-03-22 2017-03-16 Matériau d'impression tridimensionnelle, modèle tridimensionnel pour analyse des contraintes, et procédé d'amélioration de conception de modèle Ceased WO2017164069A1 (fr)

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