WO2017141447A1 - 試料作製方法および試料作製装置 - Google Patents
試料作製方法および試料作製装置 Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/645—Specially adapted constructive features of fluorimeters
- G01N21/6456—Spatial resolved fluorescence measurements; Imaging
- G01N21/6458—Fluorescence microscopy
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/30—Staining; Impregnating ; Fixation; Dehydration; Multistep processes for preparing samples of tissue, cell or nucleic acid material and the like for analysis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/30—Staining; Impregnating ; Fixation; Dehydration; Multistep processes for preparing samples of tissue, cell or nucleic acid material and the like for analysis
- G01N1/31—Apparatus therefor
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N1/42—Low-temperature sample treatment, e.g. cryofixation
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- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/44—Sample treatment involving radiation, e.g. heat
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/6428—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes"
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- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/645—Specially adapted constructive features of fluorimeters
- G01N21/6452—Individual samples arranged in a regular 2D-array, e.g. multiwell plates
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/645—Specially adapted constructive features of fluorimeters
- G01N21/6456—Spatial resolved fluorescence measurements; Imaging
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- G01N23/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material
- G01N23/225—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material using electron or ion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
- G02B21/0004—Microscopes specially adapted for specific applications
- G02B21/002—Scanning microscopes
- G02B21/0024—Confocal scanning microscopes (CSOMs) or confocal "macroscopes"; Accessories which are not restricted to use with CSOMs, e.g. sample holders
- G02B21/008—Details of detection or image processing, including general computer control
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
- G02B21/0004—Microscopes specially adapted for specific applications
- G02B21/0088—Inverse microscopes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
- G02B21/06—Means for illuminating specimens
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
- G02B21/36—Microscopes arranged for photographic purposes or projection purposes or digital imaging or video purposes including associated control and data processing arrangements
- G02B21/361—Optical details, e.g. image relay to the camera or image sensor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/02—Details
- H01J37/20—Means for supporting or positioning the object or the material; Means for adjusting diaphragms or lenses associated with the support
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
- G01N23/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material
Definitions
- the fixing unit 160 operates under the control of the control unit 140 and fixes the state of the sample placed on the stage 112. For example, the state of the sample stimulated by the first illumination unit 150 can be fixed at the timing when an instruction is received from the control unit 140.
- fixing means stopping the chemical reaction or biological reaction so that the composition of the sample does not change.
- immobilization includes immobilization of cell migration, deformation, and the like by the crosslinked composition.
- the method by which the fixing unit 160 fixes the state of the sample is appropriately selected according to the purpose of observation. For this reason, the operation of the fixing unit 160 varies depending on the selected fixing method. For example, when the sample is fixed by freezing, the fixing unit 160 supplies a refrigerant such as liquid nitrogen to the sample. When the sample is fixed with a chemical solution such as glutaraldehyde, the fixing unit 160 replaces the sample solution with a chemical solution such as glutaraldehyde.
- the sample may be fixed using a photocurable resin, and in that case, a light irradiation unit for curing the resin may be further provided.
- the light emitted from the first light source 251 and the second light source 252 is used as excitation light for fluorescence observation of the sample 301. Further, the light emitted from the third light source 253 is used as stimulation light for stimulating the sample 301.
- the wavelength of the excitation light is, for example, 561 nm.
- the wavelength of the stimulation light is, for example, 340 nm.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of a sample 301 serving as a material for preparing a sample to be imaged with an electron microscope in the sample preparation system 100.
- a plurality of cells 350 are arranged on a support 340, and a position index 359 is arranged on the support 340.
- a cover glass covering the plurality of cells 350 may be placed on the support 340.
- the sample 301 is accommodated in the sample holder 300 (see FIG. 1) (step S102).
- the sample holder 300 accommodating the sample 301 is placed on the stage 112 of the sample preparation system 100 and coupled to the fixing unit 160.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing another setting screen 145 displayed on the display unit 144.
- the user can freely specify the area as follows.
- the sample 301 is irradiated with excitation light from the first light source 251, and the captured image OM of the optical microscope generated when the sample 301 is imaged by the imaging unit 120 is displayed on the setting screen 145.
- the user designates an area on the captured image OM as a drag or the like.
- the setting screen 145 shows a state where the user has designated four rectangular areas using the mouse.
- an input window 147 for stimulation time as a light stimulation condition, a fixed time, and stimulation time corresponding to each region is shown. Note that “OM” is added to the captured image on the setting screen 145 to indicate that the captured image is acquired by the optical microscope.
- the third light source 253, the DMD 290, and the like are controlled so that the stimulation light is applied to the region 344 after 200 milliseconds. Based on the above light stimulation conditions, the irradiation time of the stimulation light is 10 milliseconds for each region.
- the cavity 310 is formed so as to penetrate the sample holder 300 in the height direction in the drawing, and accommodates the sample 301 in the middle in the height direction in the drawing. Further, the upper surface and the lower surface of the cavity 310 facing each other in the drawing are hermetically sealed by transparent transparent windows 321 and 322 so that the sample 301 can be observed by the inverted microscope 110. Thus, in step S102, the sample 301 is held by the sample holder 300.
- the electron microscope By comparing the specified imaging position of the electron microscope and the coordinates stored in the control unit 140 and specifying the range of each region 341 to 344 with the position index 359 as a reference, which imaging position is selected. It is specified whether it is included in the area.
- the electron microscope preferably images at least one location in any region of the sample 301.
- the captured image acquired by the electron microscope is stored in association with each of the areas 341 and the like.
- the user can save an image that associates the captured image OM of the optical microscope with the imaging position captured by the electron microscope.
- the user may discard the image that associates the captured image OM of the optical microscope with the imaging position captured by the electronic microscope by pressing the cancel button 153.
- the state of exocytosis in which insulin is released out of the cells by light stimulation is imaged by an electron microscope.
- Photostimulation is performed on caged calcium (for example, NP-EGT) introduced into cells (hatched lines in the figure).
- the third light source 252 for example, light of 340 nm
- a phenomenon of calcium release from the same compound occurs, Calcium concentration increases.
- intracellular calcium concentration increases, as shown in the captured images EM of the regions 364 and 363, intracellular insulin secretory granules (white circles surrounding a plurality of small black circles in the figure) migrate to the cell membrane surface, and the cell membrane To merge.
- the first light stimulation is given to the areas 341 to 344 at the same time, and then the second light stimulation is given at different times.
- the imaging results of the sample 301 stimulated under the light stimulation conditions of FIG. 14 are rearranged in ascending order of time from light stimulation to fixation. It is preferable to be displayed together.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing another setting screen 145.
- regions 341, 342, 343, 344, and 345 are specified so as to surround the cells 350 by specifying the position of the cells 350 on the captured image OM of the optical microscope acquired in the same manner as in step S 106.
- 346, 347, and 348 are set.
- “8” is displayed in the input window 147.
- the stimulation time and the fixed time, and the stimulation time are set for each region.
- an area 341 designated as # 1 is an area for applying light stimulation to channel rhodopsin as the first stimulation.
- region 341 includes the root portion of axon 352 in each of cells 350.
- Areas 342, 343, 344, and 345 to which # 2 to # 5 are assigned are areas for applying light stimulation to halorhodopsin as the second stimulation.
- FIG. 21 shows a state in which a neurotransmitter such as acetylcholine is released out of the spine by applying a light stimulus to channel rhodopsin introduced into the cell.
- a neurotransmitter such as acetylcholine
- FIG. 21 shows a state in which a neurotransmitter such as acetylcholine is released out of the spine by applying a light stimulus to channel rhodopsin introduced into the cell.
- photostimulation is applied to the channel rhodopsin introduced into the cell by irradiating light of, for example, 470 nm
- sodium ions flow into the cell from the channel subjected to the photostimulation.
- the signal triggers the vesicles (indicated by the small white circles in the figure) that contain the signaling substance in the spine, as shown in regions 361 and 362. Move to the surface side. Furthermore, it fuses with the spine surface membrane as shown in region 363. As the vesicle fuses with
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing a display screen 179 displayed when the “Next” button 151 in FIG. 21 is pressed.
- the captured image of FIG. 20 in the areas 346 to 349 and the captured image of FIG. 21 in the areas 361 to 364 are displayed in association with each other in the vertical direction. That is, the captured image OM of the optical microscope and the captured image EM of the electron microscope are displayed vertically. Thereby, the time change of the cell 350 based on the image captured by the electron microscope can be easily analyzed.
- the method of fixing the sample 301 is not limited to the fixing unit 160 in FIG. Instead of this, a bath filled with liquid refrigerant may be provided, and the sample 301 may be fixed by moving the sample 301 from the sample holder 300 to the bath with an arm or the like and immersing the bath in the bath.
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Abstract
Description
特許文献1 US2013/0227970
また、グルタルアルデヒド等の化学溶液などにより、試料を固定する場合、固定部160は、試料溶液をグルタルアルデヒド等の化学溶液などに置換する。光硬化性樹脂を用いて試料を固定してもよく、その場合に樹脂を硬化させる光照射部がさらに設けられてよい。
光ファイバ262の射出端から射出された光は、コレクタレンズ281により平行光となる。平行光となった光は、反射ミラー283で反射され、DMD290に導かれる。
なお、上記では、試料からの蛍光を観察する場合について説明したが、第二照明部130から試料301に照射され、試料301を透過した光(透過光)を観察してもよい。
図3に示される手順は、試料の準備(ステップS101~ステップS106)、試料への刺激及び固定(ステップS107~ステップS111)、電子顕微鏡での撮像(ステップS112)、画像解析(ステップS113)を含む。
以下、試料の準備(ステップS101~ステップS106)を説明する。
図4は、試料作製システム100において、電子顕微鏡で撮像する試料を作製する素材となる試料301の模式的平面図である。試料301は、複数の細胞350が支持体340上に配置されたものであり、支持体340には位置指標359が配されている。支持体340上に複数の細胞350を覆うカバーガラスを置いてもよい。
試料301は、試料ホルダ300(図1参照)に収容される(ステップS102)試料301を収容した試料ホルダ300は、試料作製システム100のステージ112に置かれ、固定部160に結合される。
以下、図5を参照して、上記の光刺激条件についてさらに説明する。
この場合に、第一光源251から試料301に励起光が照射され、当該試料301が撮像部120により撮像されることにより生成された光学顕微鏡の撮像画像OMが設定画面145に表示される。ユーザは、入力部142の一例としてのマウスを用いて、撮像画像OM上の領域をドラッグ等に指定する。図7に示す例では、設定画面145において、ユーザにより、マウスを用いて4つの矩形の領域が指定された状態が示されている。さらに、光刺激条件としての刺激時間、固定時間、および、各領域に対応する刺激時刻の入力窓147が表されている。なお、設定画面145上の撮像画像内に「OM」を付すことにより、当該撮像画像が光学顕微鏡により取得されたものであることが表されている。
制御部140は、ステップS103で設定された領域の各々に対して、ステップS104で設定された光刺激条件で、試料301の刺激が実行されるよう第三光源253等を制御する(ステップS107)。
制御部140は、図5に示された領域毎に設定された光刺激条件に基づいて、領域341、342、343、344に対して刺激光が照射されるようDMD290等を制御する。具体的には、制御部140は、領域341に刺激光が照射された後、200ミリ秒後に領域342に刺激光が照射され、その200ミリ秒後に領域343に刺激光が照射され、さらにその200ミリ秒後に領域344に刺激光が照射されるよう、第三光源253、DMD290等を制御する。上記光刺激条件に基づき、刺激光の照射時間はそれぞれの領域に対して10ミリ秒である。
Claims (23)
- 時刻t1に、試料の第1領域に光を照射する第1光照射工程と、
時刻t1の後、時刻t2に、前記第1領域とは異なる第2領域に、前記光を照射する第2光照射工程と、
時刻t2の後、時刻t3に、前記試料に対して固定処理を行う固定処理工程と
を備える
試料作製方法。 - 前記第1領域および第2領域に照射される光は、前記試料に対して光刺激を行うための刺激光であることを特徴とする
請求項1に記載の試料作製方法。 - 前記第1領域および前記第2領域は、前記刺激光が照射された後の経過時間が互いに異なる状態で固定されることを特徴とする
請求項2に記載の試料作製方法。 - 前記第1領域および第2領域を設定する領域設定工程をさらに備えることを特徴とする
請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記第2光照射工程後に、前記試料の像を光学顕微鏡により撮像する第1撮像工程をさらに備えること特徴とする、
請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記固定処理は、凍結による固定処理であることを特徴とする
請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記固定処理は、光照射による固定処理であることを特徴とする
請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記固定された試料は、前記光刺激による時間に対する変化を電子顕微鏡で観察するための試料であることを特徴とする、
請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記固定処理工程の後、前記試料の像を電子顕微鏡により撮像する第2撮像工程を備えること特徴とする、
請求項8に記載の方法。 - 前記第1撮像工程により撮像された前記試料の画像と、前記第2撮像工程により撮像された前記試料の画像とを関連付けて表示する表示工程をさらに備える、
請求項9に記載の方法。 - 前記第1領域および第2領域は、互いに異なる光強度で前記光が照射されることを特徴とする
請求項1~10に記載のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 時刻t2の後、時刻t3より前に、前記第1領域および第2領域とは異なる第三の領域に、前記光を照射する第3照射工程を更に備え、
時刻t1と時刻t2との差は、時刻t2とt3との差と同じであることを特徴とする
請求項1~11のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 試料を作製する方法であって、
時刻t1に、試料の第一の領域および前記第一の領域とは異なる第二の領域に、光を照射する第1照射工程と、
時刻t1の後、時刻t2に、前記第一の領域に光を照射する第2照射工程と、
時刻t2の後、時刻t3に、前記第二の領域に、前記光を照射する第3照射工程と、
時刻t3の後、時刻t4に、前記試料に対して固定処理を行う固定処理工程と
を備える
方法。 - 試料の第1領域および前記第1領域とは異なる第2領域に対して光の照射を同時開始し、互いに異なる時間の間前記光を照射する光照射工程と、
前記光照射工程後、前記試料に対して固定処理を行う固定処理工程と
を備える
試料作製方法。 - 時刻t1に、試料の第1領域に光を照射し、時刻t1の後、時刻t2に、前記第1領域とは異なる第2領域に、前記光を照射する光照射部と、
時刻t2の後、時刻t3に、前記試料に対して固定処理を行う固定部と
を備える
試料作製装置。 - 試料を作製する装置であって、
時刻t1に、試料の第一の領域および前記第一の領域とは異なる第二の領域に、光を照射する第1照射工程と、時刻t1の後、時刻t2に、前記第一の領域に光を照射する第2照射工程と、時刻t2の後、時刻t3に、前記第二の領域に、前記光を照射する第3照射工程とを実行する光照射部と、
時刻t3の後、時刻t4に、前記試料に対して固定処理を行う固定部と
を備える
装置。 - 試料の第1領域および前記第1領域とは異なる第2領域に対して光の照射を同時開始し、互いに異なる時間の間前記光を照射する光照射部と、
前記光照射工程後、前記試料に対して固定処理を行う固定部と
を備える
試料作製装置。 - 試料の第1領域に光を照射する第1光照射工程と、前記第1領域とは異なる第2領域に、前記光を照射する第2光照射工程と、前記試料に対して固定処理を行う固定処理工程と
を行う順序を設定可能な設定画面を表示する表示部
を有する試料作製装置。 - 試料の第1領域に光を照射する時刻と、前記第1領域とは異なる第2領域に、前記光を照射する時刻と、前記試料に対して固定処理を行う時刻とを設定可能な設定画面を表示する表示部
を有する試料作製装置。 - 時刻t1に、試料の第1領域に光を照射し、時刻t1の後、時刻t2に、前記第1領域とは異なる第2領域に、前記光を照射し、時刻t2の後、時刻t3に、前記試料に対して固定処理を行う場合において、前記時刻t1、前記時刻t2および前記時刻t3を設定可能な設定画面を表示する表示部
を有する試料作製装置。 - 前記設定画面において、
前記試料の第1領域に光を照射する時間と、前記試料の第2領域に光を照射する時間とをさらに設定可能であることを特徴とする
請求項18~20のいずれか1項に記載の試料作製装置。 - 前記設定画面において、
前記第1領域と、前記第2領域とをさらに設定可能であることを特徴とする
請求項19~21のいずれか1項に記載の試料製作装置。 - 試料の複数の領域に光を照射する光照射部と、
前記試料に対して固定処理を行う固定部と
前記光照射部と、前記固定部とを制御する制御部と
をさらに有し、
前記制御部は、前記設定画面において設定された情報に基づいて、前記光照射部と、前記固定部とを制御することを特徴とする
請求項18~22のいずれか1項に記載の試料作製装置。
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| EP16890587.5A EP3418710B1 (en) | 2016-02-19 | 2016-02-19 | Sample preparation method and sample preparation device |
| PCT/JP2016/054966 WO2017141447A1 (ja) | 2016-02-19 | 2016-02-19 | 試料作製方法および試料作製装置 |
| JP2017567933A JP6583442B2 (ja) | 2016-02-19 | 2016-02-19 | 試料作製方法および試料作製装置 |
| US16/105,092 US10996147B2 (en) | 2016-02-19 | 2018-08-20 | Sample preparation method and sample preparing apparatus |
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| JP6532063B2 (ja) | 2017-02-13 | 2019-06-19 | 株式会社片岡製作所 | 細胞処理装置 |
| JP6574028B1 (ja) * | 2018-06-29 | 2019-09-11 | 株式会社片岡製作所 | 細胞処理装置および細胞のレーザ処理方法 |
| US11435302B2 (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2022-09-06 | The Trustees Of Princeton University | X-ray assisted electron microscopy staining procedure |
| GB2589327B (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2023-09-13 | Andor Tech Limited | Differential phase contrast microscope |
| EP4083597A1 (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2022-11-02 | Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. | Method and device for ultra-rapid cryo-fixation of a sample for microscopic studies |
| WO2022229231A1 (en) | 2021-04-27 | 2022-11-03 | MAX-PLANCK-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. | Method and device for ultra-rapid cryo-fixation of a sample for microscopic studies |
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| US12111264B2 (en) | 2024-10-08 |
| US20210231541A1 (en) | 2021-07-29 |
| US10996147B2 (en) | 2021-05-04 |
| EP3418710A4 (en) | 2019-10-30 |
| EP3418710B1 (en) | 2022-08-24 |
| JP6583442B2 (ja) | 2019-10-02 |
| JPWO2017141447A1 (ja) | 2018-12-06 |
| EP3418710A1 (en) | 2018-12-26 |
| US20180356321A1 (en) | 2018-12-13 |
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