WO2017038024A1 - モータ駆動装置、および、これを用いた圧縮機の駆動装置並びに冷蔵庫 - Google Patents
モータ駆動装置、および、これを用いた圧縮機の駆動装置並びに冷蔵庫 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017038024A1 WO2017038024A1 PCT/JP2016/003696 JP2016003696W WO2017038024A1 WO 2017038024 A1 WO2017038024 A1 WO 2017038024A1 JP 2016003696 W JP2016003696 W JP 2016003696W WO 2017038024 A1 WO2017038024 A1 WO 2017038024A1
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- motor
- compressor
- brushless
- speed
- unit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/14—Electronic commutators
- H02P6/16—Circuit arrangements for detecting position
- H02P6/18—Circuit arrangements for detecting position without separate position detecting elements
- H02P6/182—Circuit arrangements for detecting position without separate position detecting elements using back-emf in windings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/5387—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
- H02M7/53871—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/20—Arrangements for starting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/26—Problems to be solved characterised by the startup of the refrigeration cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/27—Problems to be solved characterised by the stop of the refrigeration cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2513—Expansion valves
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the type of motor
- H02P2207/05—Synchronous machines, e.g. with permanent magnets or DC excitation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/08—Arrangements for controlling the speed or torque of a single motor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/14—Electronic commutators
- H02P6/16—Circuit arrangements for detecting position
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a motor driving device that drives a brushless DC motor, a compressor driving device using the same, and a refrigerator.
- a four-way valve is provided in the refrigeration cycle, the compressor is operated by a normal refrigeration cycle, and when the compressor is stopped, the high pressure side and the low pressure side are The four-way valve is switched so that the pressure difference between the suction and discharge of the compressor is reduced by separating the cycle and supplying high-pressure refrigerant from the dryer to the compressor.
- the following drive is performed. That is, activation is performed by sequentially switching a voltage pattern applied to a predetermined motor in a predetermined cycle.
- driving is performed by switching the applied voltage pattern to the motor to control based on position detection such as detecting the magnetic pole position of the motor (for example, , See Patent Document 2).
- FIG. 17 shows an internal configuration of a refrigerator using the conventional motor driving device described in Patent Document 1.
- a refrigeration cycle is formed in the order of a low-pressure shell compressor 101, a condenser (condenser) 102, a dryer 103, a capillary tube 104, and an evaporator 105. Is flowing from the compressor 101 toward the condenser 105.
- the four-way valve 106 connects the inlet A and the dryer 103, connects the outlet B and the capillary 104, connects the inlet C and the evaporator 105, and connects the outlet D and the compressor 101.
- the inlet A and the outlet B of the four-way valve 106 are communicated, and the inlet C and the outlet D are communicated.
- the compressor 101 is stopped, the inlet A and the outlet D of the four-way valve 106 are communicated, and the inlet C and the outlet B are communicated.
- a regular refrigeration cycle is formed and a normal cooling operation can be performed.
- the high-pressure side and the low-pressure side are separated in the cycle, and high-pressure refrigerant is supplied from the dryer to the compressor 101, reducing the pressure difference between the suction and discharge of the compressor 101, and the load torque
- the compressor 101 can be started in a state where the fluctuation is small.
- a conventional motor driving device and a refrigerator using the same are configured to detect a rotational position of a rotor of a brushless DC motor and switch a stator winding to be energized based on the rotational position.
- the rotation position of the rotor is detected by comparing the inverter output voltage with 1/2 of the inverter input voltage without using a detector such as an encoder or hall element. In general, this is performed by a digital sensorless system that detects a point where the magnitude relationship changes (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1).
- FIG. 18 shows a block diagram of the motor drive device of Non-Patent Document 1.
- the conventional motor driving device receives the commercial power supply 181 and converts the AC voltage into a DC voltage by the rectifying / smoothing circuit 182 and inputs it to the inverter 183.
- the inverter 183 six switching elements 183a to 183f are connected by a three-phase full bridge, and diodes 183g to 183l are connected in parallel to each switching element 183a to 183f in the opposite direction.
- the inverter 183 converts the DC input into three-phase AC power and supplies the brushless DC motor 184 with power.
- the position detection circuit 185 detects the relative position of the rotor from the terminal voltage of the brushless DC motor 184.
- FIG. 19 is a circuit diagram of the position detection circuit 185 of the motor drive device of Non-Patent Document 1.
- the position detection circuit 185 in Non-Patent Document 1 includes a comparison unit 186 realized by a comparator.
- the terminal voltage of the brushless DC motor 184 is input to the non-inverting input of the comparison unit 186, and a voltage that is 1 ⁇ 2 of the inverter input voltage is input to the inverting input as a reference voltage.
- the position signal detects the timing at which the magnitude relationship between the induced voltage appearing at the inverter output terminal of the non-energized phase of the stator winding and the reference voltage changes (that is, the zero cross point of the induced voltage), and outputs the detection result. .
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a waveform including a current waveform A and a terminal voltage waveform B when the motor driving device according to Non-Patent Document 1 is driven sensorlessly.
- a comparison result comparing the magnitude relationship of the reference voltage (1/2 voltage of the inverter input) with respect to the terminal voltage waveform B is C.
- the output waveform D of the position detection circuit 185 includes the influence of switching by the PWM control from the waveform C, and the spike voltage X and spike voltage generated when the energy of the winding whose voltage supply is cut off by commutation is discharged as the return current.
- the influence of Y is removed by waveform processing.
- the timing at which the signal state of the waveform D changes is detected as position detection, and the brushless DC motor 184 can be driven stably by repeating commutation based on this position signal. .
- FIG. 21 is a block diagram showing a conventional motor driving device described in Patent Document 3. As shown in FIG.
- a conventional motor driving apparatus includes a brushless DC motor 214 including a rotor having a permanent magnet and a stator having a three-phase winding, an inverter 213 for supplying power to the three-phase winding, And a drive unit 215 for driving the inverter 213.
- the conventional motor drive device further includes a position detector 216 that detects the relative rotational position of the rotor based on the induced voltage generated in the stator winding of the brushless DC motor 214 and outputs a position signal.
- the conventional motor driving device includes a first waveform generation unit 217 that outputs a rectangular wave, a sine wave, or a waveform conforming thereto while performing duty control based on an output signal from the position detection unit 216, and a brushless And a second waveform generator 218 that outputs a rectangular wave, a sine wave, or a waveform conforming thereto to the DC motor 214.
- the conventional motor driving device drives the inverter 213 with the output of the first waveform generator 217, and the brushless DC motor 214 rotates the predetermined number.
- a switching determination unit 219 for driving the inverter 213 with the output of the second waveform generation unit 218 is provided.
- the conventional motor drive device is configured to output a pattern for detecting the induced voltage of the brushless DC motor 214 at a predetermined timing when driven by the second waveform generator 219.
- the brushless DC motor 214 is sensorlessly driven by the first waveform generation unit 217 based on the signal of the position detection unit 216, and the high-efficiency drive is performed.
- the position detection unit 216 periodically obtains the rotor position information from the induced voltage zero cross detection of the brushless DC motor 214 and determines the commutation timing. Stable driving performance can be obtained even during high-speed driving.
- Non-Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 3 the current flowing through the motor winding is large under conditions that require a low speed and high torque such as at the time of start-up during sensorless driving.
- the motor winding is switched, it takes time until the energy of the winding whose power is cut off is consumed as the return current.
- FIG. 22 shows a current waveform A0 and a terminal voltage waveform B0, which are waveforms when the conventional motor driving device is driven with a large motor current in sensorless driving.
- the conventional motor driving device as shown in FIG. 22 since the current flowing through the brassless DC motor 214 is high, the power supply to the U-phase winding is cut off and the energy stored in the winding is large.
- the discharge time that is, the generation period of spike voltage X0 and spike voltage Y0 shown in FIG.
- the spike voltage X0 and the spike voltage Y0 cover the zero cross point of the induced voltage, and the position signal cannot be detected.
- Non-Patent Document 1 the position of the brushless DC motor 184 cannot be accurately detected when the motor current in the sensorless driving is large. For this reason, there are problems such as a decrease in drive torque, a decrease in starting performance due to a decrease in torque, a decrease in motor drive efficiency, a decrease in speed stability, and an increase in vibration and noise due to speed fluctuations.
- a position signal of the brushless DC motor 214 can be acquired by outputting a signal of a special pattern of inverter driving during synchronous driving, and at high speed and high speed. Ensures drive stability during loading. However, it is impossible to cope with an improvement in stability in a driving state in which the motor current is large and the spike voltage covers the zero cross signal during sensorless driving. Therefore, the conventional motor driving apparatus as shown in Patent Document 3 has the same problem as that of Non-Patent Document 1 described above during sensorless driving with a high motor current.
- the present invention has been made in view of the conventional problems as described above, and provides a motor drive device that can be stably started even when a load torque fluctuation is large. Further, the present invention can detect the position signal of the brushless DC motor reliably even in a driving state where a large motor current is required, such as at the time of starting, and a large motor current flows. Provided is a motor drive device capable of realizing torque drive performance, and a compressor drive device capable of stably starting a compressor. Furthermore, the present invention provides a refrigerator equipped with such a motor drive device and a refrigerator equipped with a compressor driven by such a motor drive device.
- a motor drive device includes a brushless DC motor that drives a load that fluctuates during one rotation, a drive unit that applies voltage to the brushless DC motor, and a drive unit. And a speed accelerating unit that determines a voltage to be applied.
- the speed accelerating unit is configured to accelerate the brushless DC motor so that the speed within one rotation from the start of the brushless DC motor is within a predetermined value for the speed change rate with respect to the next one rotation.
- the speed accelerating unit has a speed within one rotation from the start of the brushless DC motor, a speed change rate with respect to the next one rotation is a load during one rotation.
- You may be comprised so that a brushless DC motor may be accelerated so that it may become below a predetermined value on the conditions which change becomes the maximum.
- the motor driving device can be started under conditions where the starting of the load driven by the brushless DC motor is most difficult, and can be stably started under all required conditions.
- the motor drive device may include a position detection unit that detects the magnetic pole position of the brushless DC motor.
- the drive unit performs positioning in which a current flows in a specific phase of the brushless DC motor before starting the motor drive device, and the current is passed to a phase advanced 90 degrees or more from the positioning phase after a predetermined time has elapsed.
- the position information of the position detector is acquired and driving is started.
- the motor drive device may be configured as a drive device that drives the compressor. By being driven by the motor driving device, the compressor can be stably started.
- the refrigerator according to an example of the embodiment of the present invention includes a compressor driven by a motor driving device, and the compressor is started in a state where a pressure difference remains between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor. It may be configured as follows. With such a configuration, it is possible to start even in a state where there is a pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor, and the refrigeration cycle does not increase the temperature of the evaporator at a low cost with a simple system configuration. Energy loss can be reduced.
- the refrigerator according to an example of the embodiment of the present invention may be configured such that the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor is greater than at least 0.05 MPa. With such a configuration, it is possible to reduce the loss of energy in the refrigeration cycle while reducing the acceleration of deterioration due to an increase in vibration and maintaining the reliability of the compressor.
- a motor drive device includes a rectifying and smoothing unit including a rectifying unit that rectifies an AC voltage and a smoothing unit that includes a capacitor that converts an output voltage of the rectifying unit into a stable DC voltage.
- a brushless DC motor composed of a circuit, a rotor having a permanent magnet and a stator having a three-phase winding, and six switching elements are connected in a three-phase bridge configuration, and the output of the rectifying and smoothing circuit is used as an input for three-phase winding And an inverter for supplying power to the line.
- the motor drive device includes a position detection unit that detects the rotational position of the rotor, a speed detection unit that detects the speed of the brushless DC motor from a signal from the position detection unit, and the detected rotational position and drive speed of the rotor.
- the energization phase determination unit that determines the energization phase of the stator winding from the above, and the error detection unit that detects an error between the speed detected by the speed detection unit and the target speed.
- the motor drive device includes a PWM control unit that adjusts an output voltage of the inverter by PWM control by on-chopping and off-chopping of any switching element of the inverter so that the speed of the brushless DC motor becomes a target speed, and an inverter A drive waveform generation unit for generating the drive waveform.
- the motor drive unit selects a switching element that performs chopping by PWM control so that a current for charging the capacitor of the smoothing portion flows from the winding where power supply is cut off. It is configured to be.
- the motor drive device may be configured as a drive device that drives the compressor.
- a compressor driven by a motor drive device restarts promptly even when a large starting torque is required due to a pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor when the drive stops due to a power failure, etc. It can be performed. Thereby, the stop period of a compressor can be shortened and a compressor can be started stably.
- a refrigerator includes a condenser that condenses high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant compressed by a compressor, a decompressor that reduces the pressure of the liquid refrigerant liquefied by the condenser, and a decompression And an evaporator for evaporating the liquid refrigerant whose pressure has been reduced by the evaporator.
- the refrigerator according to an example of the embodiment of the present invention has a refrigerant flow rate adjusting unit that blocks a refrigerant flow path between the condenser and the evaporator, and the refrigerant flow rate adjusting unit condenses the refrigerant while the compressor is stopped. The refrigerant flow path between the evaporator and the evaporator may be blocked.
- the refrigerator according to an example of the embodiment of the present invention is configured such that when the compressor is started from a stopped state, a pressure difference of a predetermined value or more is added between the suction side pressure and the discharge side pressure of the compressor. May be.
- a refrigerator may include the motor driving device described above or a compressor driving device configured by the motor driving device described above.
- the refrigerator by an example of embodiment of this invention may be provided with the compressor driven by said motor drive device.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a motor drive device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2A is a transition diagram for one rotation of the load torque when the discharge pressure and the suction pressure of the compressor of the motor drive device according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention are balanced.
- FIG. 2B is a speed transition diagram for one rotation in the conventional starting method when the discharge pressure and the suction pressure of the compressor of the motor drive device according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention are balanced.
- FIG. 3A is a transition diagram for one rotation of the load torque when a differential pressure is present between the discharge pressure and the suction pressure of the compressor of the motor drive device according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a motor drive device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2A is a transition diagram for one rotation of the load torque when the discharge pressure and the suction pressure of the compressor of the motor drive device according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3B is a transition diagram of the speed for one rotation in the conventional starting method when there is a differential pressure between the discharge pressure and the suction pressure of the compressor of the motor drive device according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4A is a transition diagram for one rotation of the load torque when a differential pressure is present between the discharge pressure and the suction pressure of the compressor of the motor drive device according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4B shows the target speed in the starting method according to the first embodiment of the present invention when the differential pressure is applied to the discharge pressure and the suction pressure of the compressor of the motor drive device according to the first embodiment of the present invention as the initial speed. It is the transition diagram of the speed for 1 rotation.
- FIG. 4A is a transition diagram for one rotation of the load torque when a differential pressure is present between the discharge pressure and the suction pressure of the compressor of the motor drive device according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4B shows the target speed in the starting method according to the first
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the speed at which the speed change rate is constant with respect to the load of the motor drive device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a method for starting the motor drive device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a motor drive device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a transition diagram showing changes in load torque, zero-crossing interval, and motor current with respect to the phase of the brushless DC motor in the conventional motor driving apparatus.
- FIG. 9 is a transition diagram showing changes in load torque, zero-crossing interval, and motor current with respect to the phase of the brushless DC motor of the motor drive apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a transition diagram showing the change of the switching element and the change of the current of the brushless DC motor with respect to time of the motor drive device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing a flow of operation of the motor drive apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a block diagram of a motor drive device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing waveforms of respective parts during motor driving of the motor driving device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 14A is a diagram showing a current flow path depending on the switching element state of the motor drive device according to the third exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14B is a diagram showing a current flow path according to another switching element state of the motor drive device according to the third exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14C is a diagram showing a current flow path according to still another switching element state of the motor drive device according to the third exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14D is a diagram showing a current flow path according to still another switching element state of the motor drive device according to the third exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a block diagram of a motor drive device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing waveforms of respective parts during motor driving of the motor driving device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a refrigeration cycle of a conventional refrigerator.
- FIG. 18 is a block diagram of a conventional motor driving device.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating a position detection circuit of a conventional motor drive device.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating waveforms at various parts during sensorless driving of a conventional motor driving device.
- FIG. 21 is a block diagram of a conventional motor driving device.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating waveforms of respective units when a large current is generated in sensorless driving of a conventional motor driving device.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a motor drive device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- a motor driving device 30 is connected to an AC power source 1 and drives a brushless DC motor 5.
- the AC power source 1 is a general commercial power source, and is a 50 Hz or 60 Hz power source having an effective value of 100 V in Japan.
- the configuration of the motor drive device 30 will be described.
- the rectifier circuit 2 rectifies AC power into DC power with the AC power supply 1 as an input, and is composed of four rectifier diodes 2a to 2d connected in a bridge.
- the smoothing unit 3 is connected to the output side of the rectifier circuit 2 and smoothes the output of the rectifier circuit 2.
- the smoothing unit 3 includes a smoothing capacitor 3e and a reactor 3f.
- the output from the smoothing unit 3 is input to the inverter 4.
- the reactor 3f since the reactor 3f is inserted between the AC power supply 1 and the capacitor 3e, it may be either before or after the rectifier diodes 2a to 2d. Furthermore, when the common mode filter which comprises a high frequency removal part is provided in the circuit, the reactor 3f is comprised considering the synthetic
- the inverter 4 converts DC power containing a large ripple component into the voltage from the smoothing unit 3 in a cycle twice the power cycle of the AC power source 1 into AC power.
- the inverter 4 is configured by connecting six switching elements 4a to 4f in a three-phase bridge.
- the six return current diodes 4g to 4l are connected to the switching elements 4a to 4f in the reverse direction (in the direction opposite to the direction in which the switching elements 4a to 4f flow current).
- the brushless DC motor 5 includes a rotor 5a having a permanent magnet and a stator 5b having a three-phase winding.
- the brushless DC motor 5 rotates the rotor 5a when the three-phase alternating current generated by the inverter 4 flows in the three-phase winding of the stator 5b.
- the position detector 6 detects the magnetic pole position of the stator 5a from the induced voltage generated in the three-phase winding of the stator 5b, the current flowing through the three-phase winding of the stator 5b, the applied voltage, and the like.
- the position detection unit 6 acquires the terminal voltage of the brushless DC motor 5 and detects the relative magnetic pole position of the rotor 5a of the brushless DC motor 5. Specifically, the position detector 6 detects the relative rotational position of the rotor 5a based on the induced voltage generated in the three-phase winding of the stator 5b. Also, the induced voltage is compared with a reference voltage to detect a zero cross. The voltage that becomes the reference for the zero crossing of the induced voltage may be a virtual midpoint created from the terminal voltages for three phases, or may be obtained by obtaining a DC bus voltage. In the present embodiment, the voltage is a virtual midpoint voltage. The method of detecting from the induced voltage has a simple configuration and can be configured at a lower cost.
- the speed detector 7 calculates the current drive speed of the brushless DC motor 5 from the position information detected by the position detector 6. In the present embodiment, the speed detector 7 measures the time from the zero cross detection of the induced voltage, and calculates the current speed from this time.
- the speed acceleration unit 8 calculates a voltage to be applied to the brushless DC motor 5 based on the current speed detected by the speed detection unit 7.
- the calculation of the voltage to be applied by the speed accelerating unit 8 may be proportional control in which the magnitude of the applied voltage is changed in accordance with the difference between the target speed that increases with time and the current speed, and the load change may vary.
- the applied voltage may be determined at a voltage change rate determined in advance so that the target speed can be reached under the maximum condition that is most difficult to accelerate.
- the target speed is determined from the degree of acceleration. For example, the initial target speed and voltage application are fixed, and the target speed is determined by the magnitude of the speed detected by the speed detector 7 as a result of applying the voltage.
- the target speed is set to be smaller as the result of the speed detector 7 is larger, and the target speed is set to be larger as the result of the speed detector 7 is smaller.
- the larger the load, the higher the average speed after one rotation, and the next one rotation speed change is suppressed to a level at which vibration does not cause a problem, so that vibration can be suppressed.
- the level at which the speed change is not a problem is that the speed change rate when the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor is balanced and the speed change rate when there is a pressure differential pressure are substantially The same state. Also, the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor is balanced.
- the pressure difference between the suction and discharge of the compressor can function with the conventional starting method, and vibration does not affect the reliability. In this embodiment, the pressure difference is 0.05 MPa or less.
- the voltage change rate is determined in advance by determining the voltage change rate and determining the applied voltage. Since this method has a very simple configuration, a system can be constructed at a lower cost.
- the speed acceleration unit 8 receives an externally input speed command (target drive speed) and starts outputting an applied voltage command for activation.
- the drive unit 9 is a drive that performs PWM control based on the supply timing of the power supplied from the inverter 4 to the three-phase winding of the brushless DC motor 5 based on the position information of the rotor 5a of the brushless DC motor detected by the position detection unit 6. Output a signal.
- the drive signal turns on or off the switching elements 4a to 4f of the inverter 4.
- optimum AC power is applied to the stator 5b, the rotor 5a rotates, and the brushless DC motor 5 is driven.
- the driving waveform includes a rectangular wave and a sine wave, but is not particularly limited.
- the drive unit 9 calculates and outputs a PWM duty width based on the applied voltage set by the speed acceleration unit 8.
- the drive unit 9 which phase is energized is determined based on information from the position detection unit 6.
- the switching elements 4a, 4c, and 4e of the upper arm are energized while being shifted by 120 degrees.
- the lower arm switching elements 4b, 4d, and 4f are energized while being shifted by 120 degrees.
- Switching elements 4a and 4b, 4c and 4d, and 4e and 4f each have an off period of 60 degrees between the energization periods.
- the drive unit 9 energizes at least two arbitrary phases of the brushless DC motor 5 for 1 second, for example, so that the position of the rotor 5a comes to a specific magnetic pole position when the motor driving device 30 is started. Thereafter, the drive unit 9 energizes the phase 90 to 150 degrees ahead of the energized phase and waits for the position detection unit 6 to detect the position of the rotor of the brushless DC motor 5.
- the position detection unit 6 detects the position and a position detection signal is input to the drive unit 9, the state shifts to a normal driving state in which the energization phase is switched to the next phase.
- energization is performed until the phase is delayed by 90 degrees from the energized phase after the brushless DC motor 5 is normally driven.
- the phase at the time of start-up can be surely fixed, and the energization phase state that is the same as the normal drive state can be obtained by setting the phase to be energized next to 90 to 150 degrees. For this reason, it is possible to increase the output torque of the brushless DC motor 5 and to further reduce the start-up vibration due to the phase delay.
- a refrigeration apparatus and a refrigerator using the motor drive device 30 in the present embodiment will be described.
- a refrigerator will be described as an example, but the same applies to a refrigeration apparatus.
- the refrigerator 17 is equipped with a compressor 17.
- the compressor 17 includes a brushless DC motor 5, a crankshaft, a piston, and a cylinder.
- the rotational motion of the rotor 5a of the brushless DC motor 5 is converted into reciprocating motion by the crankshaft.
- the piston connected to the crankshaft reciprocates in the cylinder to compress the refrigerant in the cylinder.
- the compression method (mechanism method) of the compressor 17 an arbitrary method such as a rotary type or a scroll type is used. In this embodiment, the case of the reciprocating type will be described.
- the reciprocating compressor 17 has large torque fluctuations in the suction and compression processes, and the speed and current value fluctuate greatly.
- the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 17 flows through the two-way valve 18, the condenser 19, the decompressor 20, and the evaporator 21 in that order, and then returns to the compressor 17 again. At this time, since heat is dissipated in the condenser 19 and heat is absorbed in the evaporator 21, cooling and heating can be performed.
- the refrigerator 22 is configured by mounting such a refrigeration cycle.
- the two-way valve 18 is an electromagnetic valve that can be opened and closed by energization.
- the two-way valve 18 is opened while the compressor 17 is in operation, allows the compressor 17 and the condenser 19 to communicate with each other, and allows the refrigerant to flow.
- the two-way valve 18 is closed to close the space between the compressor 17 and the condenser 19 so that the refrigerant does not flow.
- the horizontal axis indicates the phase of the magnetic pole position of the rotor 5a of the brushless DC motor 5.
- 2A, FIG. 3A, and FIG. 4A indicate the load torque that the brushless DC motor 5 drives.
- 2B, FIG. 3B, and FIG. 4B indicate the driving speed of the brushless DC motor 5.
- the load torque and the speed of the brushless DC motor 5 vary greatly, but the increase in the load torque and the timing at which the speed of the brushless DC motor 5 is minimized do not coincide with each other. On the other hand, there is a response delay in the speed of the brushless DC motor 5.
- FIG. 2A shows a change in load torque applied to the brushless DC motor 5 in one rotation when the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 17 is 0.05 MPa.
- the pressure difference of 0.05 MPa is the maximum pressure difference that can be considered to be balanced by the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the conventional compressor, and is the maximum pressure difference that is allowable in the operation of the compressor 17. . That is, the speed change rate at the maximum pressure difference allowed at the time of startup at which the speed change rate becomes the largest is the maximum speed change rate allowed.
- the change in the speed of the brushless DC motor at the maximum pressure difference that can be considered balanced is shown in FIG. 2B.
- the initial speed represents 3 r / s, which is the speed of the conventional synchronous operation, and represents the speed change when the brushless DC motor 5 makes one revolution at this initial speed. That is, when the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 17 is 0.05 MPa, the compressor 17 only allows the speed change rate shown in FIG. 2B.
- FIG. 3A shows one of the brushless DC motor 5 under the condition that the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 17 is 0.25 MPa and the load applied to the brushless DC motor 5 is increased about five times compared to FIG. 2A. It shows the load torque change of rotation.
- the pressure difference of 0.25 MPa is the maximum pressure difference in the configuration of the compressor 17 mounted on the refrigerator 22 of the present embodiment, and is the maximum load (maximum load) that is driven while the brushless DC motor 5 rotates once. Load change).
- the change in the speed of one rotation of the brushless DC motor at this time is shown in FIG. 3B.
- the initial speed is 3r / s, which is the conventional synchronous operation speed, as in FIG. 2B, and the speed change at this time is larger than that in FIG. 2B, and the speed change rate increases and the vibration significantly increases. is doing.
- FIG. 4A shows the load torque applied to the brushless DC motor 5 when the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 17 is 0.25 MPa, as in FIG. 3A.
- FIG. 4B shows a speed change when the initial speed is a target speed that is reached within one rotation of the brushless DC motor 5 in the motor drive device 30 according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 4B shows a speed change when the initial speed is about 6.71 r / s, which is a speed obtained by multiplying the square root of 5 of the conventional starting speed, under the load torque condition of FIG. 4A. 6.71 r / s.
- the speed change rate in FIG. 4B is the same as the conventional one.
- the speed change rate is proportional to the square of the speed with respect to the load. Therefore, when the load becomes 5 times, the speed is multiplied by the square root of 5 so that the driving speed under the load conditions shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B is obtained. It can be the same as the rate of speed change at.
- FIG. 5 shows that when the rotational speed is 3 r / s and the load at 0.05 MPa, which is the maximum pressure difference in which the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 17 is balanced, is 1, It shows how much speed is needed when the load changes. From FIG. 5, it can be seen that, for example, if the load is quadrupled, the speed should be 6r / s, which is 3r / s, which is twice the square root of 4.
- the vibration of the compressor 17 can be suppressed by reaching the speed obtained by multiplying the magnification of the load change at the maximum pressure difference (for example, 5 times) within one rotation of the brushless DC motor 5.
- the object such as the compressor 17 that is affected by the speed change is in a state where it does not vibrate. Force will be applied to it. For this reason, the inertial force of the object affected by the speed change such as the compressor 17 is hardly affected by the speed change and causes no problem. However, when the rotation of the brushless DC motor 5 is continued and the speed change is continued, the compressor 17 is greatly affected.
- the drive control of the motor drive device 30 is called by an external command while the compressor 17 is stopped, and the brushless DC motor 5 is activated.
- the drive speed of the brushless DC motor 5 reaches the target speed and the activation is completed. End with.
- the speed accelerating unit 8 determines whether or not there is a speed command for instructing a speed for driving the compressor 17. If there is no speed command, the process proceeds to STEP 201 again. If there is a speed command, the process proceeds to STEP 202. Here, it is assumed that there is no speed command yet, and the process proceeds to STEP 201.
- the process proceeds to STEP 201 again, it is determined again whether there is a speed command. That is, it waits in STEP201 until a speed command is input from the outside.
- the process proceeds to STEP 202 on the assumption that a speed command has been input from the outside.
- the drive unit 9 energizes any two phases of the brushless DC motor 5 in order to prepare for startup, starts to flow current, resets and starts the timer A.
- the applied voltage is adjusted by the speed accelerating unit 8 so that the current is less than the current that demagnetizes the permanent magnet of the rotor 5a of the brushless DC motor 5 and less than the current that the inverter 4 destroys. Then, the process proceeds to STEP 203.
- the drive unit 9 determines whether the timer A is equal to or longer than the predetermined time A. If it is not less than the predetermined time A, the process proceeds to STEP 204, and if it is less than the predetermined time A, the process proceeds to STEP 203. Here, it is assumed that the predetermined time A has not elapsed, and the process proceeds to STEP 203 again.
- the values of the timer A and the predetermined time A are compared and judged. That is, until energization of the brushless DC motor 5 is started and a predetermined time A has elapsed, the process waits in STEP 203, and the current continues to flow in the two phases of the brushless DC motor 5, and the phase is fixed.
- the predetermined time A may be a time for which the phase is sufficiently fixed, and is, for example, 1 second in the present embodiment.
- the process proceeds to STEP 204.
- the drive unit 9 starts energization to a phase advanced by 120 degrees from the phase determined from any two phases energized in STEP 202, and then resets and starts timer B and timer C.
- STEP 202 if energization is performed on switching element 4a and switching element 4d, energization is performed on switching element 4c and switching element 4f in STEP 204. Then, the process proceeds to STEP 205.
- the drive unit 9 determines whether the timer B is equal to or longer than the predetermined time B. If it is not less than the predetermined time B, the process proceeds to STEP 208, and if it is less than the predetermined time B, the process proceeds to STEP 206. Here, since energization in STEP 204 has just started, the process proceeds to STEP 206 with less than the predetermined time B.
- STEP 206 it is determined whether or not the position detector 6 has detected the position of the brushless DC motor 5. If the position can be detected, the process proceeds to STEP 210. If the position cannot be detected, the process proceeds to STEP 207. Here, since energization in STEP 204 has just started and position detection has not been performed, the process proceeds to STEP 207.
- the process is determined whether or not the speed detected by the speed detecting unit 7 has reached a speed (rotational speed of the brushless DC motor) necessary for the speed change rate of the next one rotation to be a predetermined value or less. If the target speed has been reached, the process is terminated, and if not, the process proceeds to STEP 205 again.
- the target speed is the maximum load when the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 17 is considered to be balanced, and is obtained from the case of starting at the conventional speed. If the conventional speed is 3 r / s and the load is increased 5 times, the target speed is about 6.71 r / s. Here, since the position has not been detected yet, the process proceeds to STEP 205 again.
- the drive unit 9 determines whether the timer B is equal to or longer than the predetermined time B. Here, a series of processing is performed, and it proceeds to STEP 208 assuming that a predetermined time B has elapsed.
- the applied voltage command value is added to the current applied voltage command value by a certain value.
- a value that can reach the target drive speed within one rotation of the brushless DC motor 5 under the maximum load condition in the present embodiment is determined in advance by experiment or simulation. ing. Then, the process proceeds to STEP 209.
- STEP 209 the timer B is reset and restarted to increase the next applied voltage, and the process proceeds to STEP 206.
- position detection is performed after a certain amount of time has passed since the start of energization in STEP 204, and if the position detection unit 6 can detect the position of the brushless DC motor 5, the process proceeds to STEP 210.
- timer C In STEP 210, the value of timer C is acquired, and after timer C is reset, timer C is restarted. Timer C displays the time that the current applied voltage pattern has continued. Then, the process proceeds to STEP 211.
- the speed is calculated by taking the reciprocal of the obtained value of timer C, and the process proceeds to STEP 212.
- STEP 212 an energization pattern having a phase advanced by 60 degrees from the current energization phase is applied, and the process proceeds to STEP 207.
- the brushless DC motor 5 is accelerated and reaches the target speed. Then, as a result of reaching the target speed in STEP 207, the processing ends.
- the above flow is called while the compressor 17 is stopped and is processed until the start-up is completed, so that even if the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 17 is larger than 0.05 MPa, a large vibration is generated. It can be started without.
- the applied voltage is not changed according to the speed in one rotation of the brushless DC motor 5, but for acceleration.
- the load torque varies greatly due to the differential pressure, and the speed variation increases. For this reason, vibration becomes large, and there is a problem such as an increase in the possibility of failure due to wear of parts of the compressor 17.
- the reliability of the motor drive device 30 can be greatly improved as compared with the conventional application method.
- the two-way valve 18 is opened, and the discharge of the compressor 17 and the condenser 19 are communicated.
- the two-way valve 18 is opened at the same time as the compressor 17 is started, there is no problem even if the time is slightly changed.
- the condenser 19 becomes high pressure, the pressure is reduced by the pressure reducer 20, and the evaporator 21 becomes low pressure.
- the discharge side connected to the condenser 19 of the compressor 17 has a high pressure
- the suction side connected to the evaporator 21 has a low pressure.
- the internal temperature of the refrigerator 22 is lowered and the compressor 17 is stopped.
- the pressures of the condenser 19 and the evaporator 21 are gradually balanced.
- the two-way valve 18 When the two-way valve 18 is shifted from the open state to the closed state simultaneously with the stop of the compressor 17, the pressure difference between the condenser 19 and the evaporator 21 is substantially maintained, and the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 17 is maintained. Remains.
- the two-way valve 18 When the internal temperature of the refrigerator 22 rises and the compressor 17 is started again, the two-way valve 18 is closed while the compressor 17 is stopped, and the pressure difference is maintained and the pressure is balanced. In the case where the two-way valve 18 is closed and the pressure difference is maintained, the power required to provide the pressure difference again between the condenser 19 and the evaporator 21 can be reduced. Can be realized.
- the motor drive device 30 can be started only when the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 17 is 0.05 MPa or less even if the internal temperature rises before the time elapses, It is necessary to wait for 10 minutes to elapse.
- the present embodiment it is possible to start even with a differential pressure greater than 0.05 MPa, so that the internal temperature rises and the motor driving device 30 is started at a timing when the compressor 17 needs to be operated. Is possible. Therefore, compared with the case where the compressor 17 is started in a state where the pressures on the suction side and the discharge side are balanced, electric power for providing a pressure difference between the condenser 19 and the evaporator 21 is reduced. Energy saving is possible.
- the two-way valve 18 can simply configure a system such as a refrigerator as compared with a three-way valve or a four-way valve, and can maintain a pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 17.
- the motor drive device 30 applies a voltage to the brushless DC motor 5 that drives a load whose magnitude varies during one rotation of the brushless DC motor 5 and the brushless DC motor 5. And a drive unit 9 to be driven.
- the motor drive device 30 of the present embodiment further includes the brushless DC motor 5 so that the speed within one rotation from the start of the brushless DC motor 5 is within a predetermined value with respect to the speed change rate with respect to the speed of the next one rotation.
- a speed accelerating unit 8 configured to determine a voltage applied by the drive unit 9 is provided. With such a configuration, the speed has a square effect with respect to the load (the speed change rate is proportional to the square of the speed with respect to the load). The speed change in the brushless DC motor 5 can be suppressed, and the vibration of the brushless DC motor 5 can be reduced. Thereby, even if the load torque fluctuation is large, it can be started stably.
- the speed acceleration unit 8 has a speed change rate that indicates the degree of speed change with respect to the speed of the next one rotation.
- the brushless DC motor 5 may be configured to be accelerated so as to be within a predetermined value under a load condition calculated from the maximum load change during one rotation of the brushless DC motor 5. With such a configuration, it is possible to start the load driven by the brushless DC motor 5 under conditions that are most difficult to start up, and it is possible to start stably under all required conditions.
- the motor drive device 30 of the present embodiment may include a position detection unit 6 that detects the magnetic pole position of the brushless DC motor 5.
- the drive unit 9 performs positioning so that a current flows in a specific phase of the brushless DC motor 5 before the motor drive device 30 is activated, and the current flows to a phase advanced by 90 degrees or more from the positioned phase after a predetermined time has elapsed.
- the position information from the position detection unit 6 is acquired and the drive of the motor driving device 30 is started.
- the motor drive device 30 can be driven stably.
- the refrigerator 22 using the motor drive device 30 of the present embodiment is a refrigeration in which the motor drive device 30 is connected in the order of the compressor 17, the condenser 19, the decompressor 20, the evaporator 21, and the compressor 17.
- the compressor 17 in the cycle is driven.
- the refrigerator 22 of the present embodiment is configured to start the motor driving device 30 in a state where the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 17 remains. With such a configuration, the motor driving device 30 can be started even when there is a pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 17. Thereby, it is possible to reduce energy loss in the refrigeration cycle without increasing the temperature of the evaporator 21 at a low cost with a simple system configuration.
- the motor drive device 30 of the present embodiment may be configured such that the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 17 is at least greater than 0.05 MPa. With such a configuration, even when there is a pressure difference in which normal vibration increases, it is possible to reduce the acceleration of deterioration due to the increase in vibration, and while maintaining the reliability of the compressor 17, the energy in the refrigeration cycle can be reduced. Loss can be reduced.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a motor drive device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 the same components as those in the first embodiment shown in FIG.
- the rectifier circuit 2, the smoothing unit 3 and the inverter 4, and the brushless DC motor 5 constituting the refrigerator 22 constituting the motor driving device 82 have the same configuration as that of the first embodiment.
- the position detection unit 76 of the motor drive device 82 of the present embodiment has the same configuration as the position detection unit 6 of the first embodiment.
- the speed detector 77 calculates the current drive speed of the brushless DC motor 5 and the average speed of the past one rotation from the position information detected by the position detector 6.
- the speed detection unit 77 measures the time from the zero cross detection of the induced voltage, and performs calculation using this time as the current speed. Further, the speed detection unit 77 detects the interval of the induced voltage zero cross as the section elapsed time, calculates the sum of the past one revolution of the section elapsed time, and calculates the average speed of one rotation of the brushless DC motor 5 from the calculated result. To do.
- the speed control unit 78 compares the average speed of one rotation of the brushless DC motor 5 detected by the speed detection unit 77 with the target speed, and if the target speed is higher than the average speed of one rotation, the brushless DC motor 5.
- the applied voltage is set to increase the applied voltage to. If the target speed is lower than the average speed of one rotation, the applied voltage is set so that the voltage applied to the brushless DC motor 5 is lowered. If the average speed of one rotation of the brushless DC motor 5 matches the target speed, the applied voltage is set so that the voltage applied to the brushless DC motor 5 is maintained.
- the current detector 79 detects the current flowing through the brushless DC motor 5.
- a current flowing in each phase of the brushless DC motor 5 may be detected, or a DC bus current flowing in the inverter 4 may be detected.
- the DC bus of the inverter 4 is detected, if it is detected as the total current flowing through the brushless DC motor 5, the peak current flowing through the three phases can be detected, so there is no need to decompose the current flowing through each phase.
- the current detection unit 79 detects a current by inserting a DC current sensor and a current detection resistor in series.
- a direct current sensor When a direct current sensor is used, the current can be detected with high accuracy, so that more detailed control can be performed.
- the circuit of the motor driving device 82 can be configured at a low cost. Further, when a resistor is used, accuracy can be improved by a voltage amplifier, a filter circuit, and the like. Even when such an amplifier and filter circuit are used, it is generally cheaper to use a resistor than to a current sensor.
- the motor driving device 82 of the present embodiment is configured to detect a current between the DC buses of the inverter 4 using a resistor.
- the applied voltage changing unit 80 corrects the PWM ON ratio determined by the speed control unit 78. If the current detected by the current detection unit 79 input to the applied voltage changing unit 80 is higher than the first threshold, the PWM ON ratio determined by the speed control unit 78 is reduced. On the other hand, if the current detected by the current detection unit 79 is lower than the second threshold, the PWM ON ratio determined by the speed control unit 78 is increased.
- the first threshold value is set to a value smaller than a value obtained by subtracting the maximum value of the current that increases in one carrier from the current value that does not actually flow to the brushless DC motor 5 and the inverter 4.
- the first threshold value is a current value smaller than the respective values obtained by subtracting the maximum current value increased by one carrier from the rated current of the inverter 4 and the demagnetizing current of the brushless DC motor 5.
- Set to The second threshold value may be equal to or less than the first threshold value and not less than the minimum necessary current value necessary for driving the brushless DC motor 5, and the first threshold value and the second threshold value may be the same value. no problem.
- the second threshold is set to 2.75 A obtained by subtracting 0.25 A, which is the maximum current value that changes with one carrier, from the first threshold.
- the amount of the PWM ON ratio changed by the applied voltage changing unit 80 may be fixed, or PI control is performed using the difference between the current value detected by the current detecting unit 79 and the first threshold value and the second threshold value. May be.
- the amount of PWM ON ratio changed by the applied voltage changing unit 80 is fixed, it can be realized with a simpler configuration, and when it is performed by PI control, it can be more accurately suppressed at a current value close to the threshold value.
- the amount of PWM ON ratio changed by the applied voltage changing unit 80 is fixed.
- the drive unit 81 has the same configuration as the drive unit 9 of the first embodiment.
- the drive unit 81 outputs the applied voltage set by the applied voltage changing unit 80 based on PWM control.
- the timing of the PWM timer is output from the drive unit 81 toward the current detection unit 79 in order to determine the timing at which the current detection unit 79 detects the current.
- a waveform B in FIG. 8 is a transition diagram showing a change in the zero-crossing interval with respect to the phase of the brushless DC motor 5 when the applied voltage is determined by the speed control unit which is a conventional method.
- a waveform C in FIG. 8 is a transition diagram showing a change in the current value of the brushless DC motor 5 with respect to the phase of the brushless DC motor 5 when the applied voltage is determined by the speed control unit which is a conventional method.
- a waveform A in FIG. 9 is a transition diagram showing a change in load torque with respect to the phase of the brushless DC motor 5 when the applied voltage is corrected by the applied voltage changing unit 80 of the present embodiment.
- a waveform B in FIG. 9 is a transition diagram showing a change in the zero-crossing interval with respect to the phase of the brushless DC motor 5 when the applied voltage is corrected by the applied voltage changing unit 80 of the present embodiment.
- a waveform C in FIG. 9 is a transition diagram showing a change in the current value of the brushless DC motor 5 with respect to the phase of the brushless DC motor 5 when the applied voltage is corrected by the applied voltage changing unit 80 of the present embodiment.
- the horizontal axis represents a conventional starting method, and the brushless DC motor 5 is started in a state where the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 17 is 0.05 MPa or more and one rotation has elapsed.
- the phase of the brushless DC motor 5 is shown.
- the horizontal axis is the starting method of the present embodiment, and the brushless DC motor 5 is started in a state where the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 17 is 0.05 MPa or more, and one rotation has elapsed.
- the phase of the brushless DC motor 5 is shown.
- the vertical axis of the waveform A in FIG. 8 and the waveform A in FIG. 9 indicates the change in load torque applied to the brushless DC motor 5.
- the vertical axis of the waveform B in FIG. 8 and the waveform B in FIG. 9 indicates the zero cross detection interval detected by the position detection unit 76.
- the vertical axis of the waveform C in FIG. 8 and the waveform C in FIG. 9 indicates the current flowing through the brushless DC motor 5.
- the speed controller 78 since the necessary torque is small in the section where the position detection interval is long and the speed is slow, the speed is slow when the voltage applied to the brushless DC motor 5 is controlled only by the speed controller 78 as in the conventional activation.
- the PWM ON ratio becomes excessive in the section, and a large current flows as shown by the waveform C in FIG.
- the brushless DC motor 5 is stopped due to demagnetization of the brushless DC motor 5, element destruction of the inverter 4, overcurrent protection provided to prevent them, and the like.
- the motor driving device 82 cannot be started.
- the motor drive device 82 in the motor drive device 82 according to the present embodiment, as shown in the waveform A and the waveform B in FIG. And the actual increase peak of the zero-cross detection interval do not coincide with each other, and there is a response delay in the zero-cross detection interval with respect to a change in load torque.
- the waveform C of FIG. 9 when the first threshold value I1 is exceeded, the current is decreased, and when the value falls below the second threshold value I2, the PWM ON ratio is increased. Since control is performed, current does not flow more than necessary, and demagnetization of the brushless DC motor 5, element destruction of the inverter 4, and stoppage due to overcurrent protection, etc. do not occur, so the motor driving device 82 is activated. Can do.
- the motor drive device 82 can be activated while reducing the speed change and reducing the vibration.
- the horizontal axis of the waveform A, the waveform B, and the waveform C in FIG. 10 represents the time from the zero cross.
- the vertical axis of the waveform A in FIG. 10 represents the state of the switching element 4a.
- the vertical axis of the waveform B in FIG. 10 represents the state of the switching element 4d.
- the vertical axis of the waveform C in FIG. 10 indicates the value of current flowing through the brushless DC motor 5. It is assumed that the current detection timing in the current detection unit 79 is detected immediately before the PWM on-state ends when the current reaches a peak value in one carrier. As a result, the peak value of the current can be obtained, and the detected current is not affected by the ringing that appears immediately after the PWM is turned on.
- the switching element is the switching element 4a, and when it is not necessary to reduce the current, the element that is turned on for 100% is the switching element 4d.
- the ON ratio of the switching element 4a which is the phase in which normal switching is performed, is not changed, but the ON ratio of the switching element 4d that is normally turned on for 100% is changed.
- the switching element 4d is turned off.
- the current decreases, but both the switching element 4a and the switching element 4d are turned off, from the timing T3 to T4 During this period, the current decreases more greatly. This is due to a difference between a state where the current flowing through the brushless DC motor 5 is recirculating and a state where the current is regenerating.
- the current decrease rate is higher, and the current can be more reliably suppressed.
- the amount by which the PWM ON ratio is reduced when the current value exceeds I1 is fixed.
- the amount to decrease the PWM on-ratio is fixed, it is necessary to confirm in advance experimentally or by calculation the reduction width that can reliably suppress the current.
- PI control is used, the configuration is complicated, but it can be more reliably suppressed.
- the switching element 4d decreases the off ratio and increases the on ratio during the period from timing T10 to T11. This reduces the amount of current decrease.
- the current value is lower than I2, so the off ratio of the switching element 4d is decreased and the on ratio is changed to be 100% on.
- the current value is lower than I2, but since the PWM ON ratio of the switching element 4d is 100%, the PWM ON ratio is not corrected any more. That is, the voltage is not corrected beyond the applied voltage value determined by the speed control unit 78.
- the current detection unit 79 determines whether or not 5 ⁇ s before the PWM ON state ends (whether or not it is 5 ⁇ s before the PWM ON state ends). If it is 5 microseconds before, it will transfer to STEP202, and if it is before 5 microseconds, it will transfer to STEP201 again.
- the time of 5 ⁇ s is a time for securing the time required for detecting the current while the PWM is on, and the time required for the conversion from the analog to digital circuit mounted in the microcomputer or the like is, for example, 1 ⁇ m. If it is second, 1 microsecond is sufficient.
- the process proceeds to STEP 201.
- the current detector 79 detects the current value of the DC bus of the inverter 4, and the process proceeds to STEP 203.
- the applied voltage changing unit 80 compares whether or not the current value detected in STEP 202 is greater than a predetermined first threshold value. As a result of the comparison, if the detected current value is larger, the process proceeds to STEP 204, and otherwise, the process proceeds to STEP 205. Here, assuming that the current value is larger than the first threshold value, the process proceeds to STEP 204.
- the applied voltage changing unit 80 reduces the ON ratio of the phase having a high PWM ON ratio.
- the switching element 4 a and the switching 4 d are controlled and a current is passed through the brushless DC motor 5
- the PWM ON ratio determined based on the applied voltage determined by the speed control unit 78 is the switching element 4 a.
- the phase having a high PWM ON ratio is the switching element 4d that is normally turned on for a period of 100%.
- the PWM ON ratio of the switching element 4d is decreased by a certain amount. Then, the process ends.
- the applied voltage changing unit 80 determines whether or not the current value detected in STEP 202 is smaller than the second threshold value. If it is smaller than the second threshold value, the process proceeds to STEP 206; otherwise, the process is terminated. Here, the process proceeds to STEP 206 on the assumption that it is smaller than the second threshold.
- the applied voltage changing unit 80 increases the ON ratio of the phase with a high PWM ON ratio before the PWM correction. Similar to STEP 204, the switching element 4d is targeted. Then, the process proceeds to STEP 207.
- the applied voltage changing unit 80 determines whether or not the PWM ON ratio corrected in STEP 206 exceeds 100%. If the PWM ON ratio exceeds 100%, the process proceeds to STEP 208, and if it is 100% or less, the process ends. Here, assuming that the PWM ON ratio exceeds 100%, the routine proceeds to STEP 208.
- STEP 207 if the PWM ON ratio is 100% or less as a result of the correction in STEP 206, the process is terminated. That is, the applied voltage changing unit 80 determines the correction amount of the PWM ON ratio performed in STEP 206.
- the relationship between the efficiency of the brushless DC motor 5 and the demagnetization limit current will be described in detail.
- the torque obtained with the same current increases, and the current for outputting the necessary torque decreases, so the efficiency improves.
- the demagnetizing magnetic force that irreversibly reduces the magnetic force of the permanent magnet in the rotor 5a does not change, the demagnetization limit current that is the limit current that does not cause demagnetization of the rotor 5a is the same as that of the stator 5b.
- the smaller the number of turns the smaller. In other words, if a large current is to be supplied, a large demagnetization limit current is required, and an inefficient motor is used.
- the drive of the brushless DC motor 5 is stopped by the overcurrent protection prepared for preventing them.
- the first threshold value is set at a value sufficiently lower than these overcurrent protection and demagnetization currents, the current is suppressed and an element having a relatively small capacity is adopted for the inverter 4.
- the motor driving device 82 can be started even in a state where there is a large load fluctuation while adopting a highly efficient motor.
- the applied voltage is not changed according to the speed in one rotation of the brushless DC motor 5 for acceleration.
- the load torque greatly varies due to the differential pressure, and the speed variation increases. For this reason, vibration becomes large, and there is a problem such as an increase in the possibility of failure due to wear of parts of the compressor 17.
- the PWM ON ratio is reduced in a section where the speed is low, so that the reliability can be greatly improved compared to the conventional application method. it can.
- the refrigerator 22 equipped with the motor drive device 82 of the present embodiment is configured such that the motor drive device 82 can be activated even with a differential pressure of 0.05 MPa or more. For this reason, the internal temperature rises, and the motor drive device 82 can be started at a timing when the compressor 17 needs to be operated.
- the pressure between the condenser 19 and the evaporator 21 is compared with the case where the motor driving device 82 is started after waiting until the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 17 is balanced. Since power for providing the difference can be reduced, energy saving can be achieved.
- a two-way valve 18 is provided between the compressor 17 and the condenser 19, and the two-way valve 18 is opened at the time of start-up, the compressor 17 and the condenser 19 are communicated, and at the time of stop, two-way valve 18 is opened.
- the direction valve 18 and closing the space between the compressor 17 and the condenser 19 the difference between the suction pressure and the discharge pressure can be kept large even when the compressor 17 is stopped. Thereby, the energy saving effect by starting the motor drive device 82 from a state where there is a pressure difference is further increased.
- a two-way valve is used, a complicated system configuration is not required as compared with a case where a four-way valve is used, so that the configuration can be made at a lower cost.
- the motor drive device 82 of the present embodiment includes the brushless DC motor 5 that drives a load that fluctuates greatly, and the speed controller 78 that determines the voltage to be applied to the brushless DC motor 5 and adjusts the speed.
- the motor drive device 82 is determined by the speed control unit 78 when the current detection unit 79 that detects the current flowing through the brushless DC motor 5 and the current detected by the current detection unit 79 is larger than the first threshold.
- An applied voltage changing unit 80 that reduces the applied voltage and a drive unit 81 that drives the brushless DC motor 5 with the applied voltage determined by the applied voltage changing unit 80 are provided.
- the increase in load reduces the speed and induced voltage of the brushless DC motor 5, suppresses an increase in current due to a large difference between the induced voltage and the applied voltage, and activates the motor driving device 82. it can. For this reason, the motor drive device 82 can be started even in a state with a pressure difference without using a four-way valve or the like. Furthermore, it is possible to save energy by using a high-efficiency motor having a low demagnetizing current and to reduce costs by using an element having a small current rating.
- the applied voltage changing unit 80 uses the applied voltage determined by the speed control unit 78. Increase the voltage to the upper limit. As a result, excessive output torque is suppressed in a section where the required torque is small and the speed is low, and output torque is increased in a section where the torque is insufficient and the speed is high. With such a configuration, the motor drive device 82 can be started up while reducing the speed change and reducing the vibration even under conditions where the load torque fluctuation is large.
- the drive unit 81 performs PWM control to adjust the voltage applied to the brushless DC motor 5.
- the speed controller 78 determines the PWM on-ratio to determine the voltage to be applied, and the PWM on-ratio determined by the speed controller 78 to reduce the voltage applied by the applied voltage changing unit 80. Reduce.
- the brushless DC motor 5 can be started in a state where there is a large variation in the load torque with simple control, and therefore an inexpensive motor drive device can be provided.
- the motor drive device 82 of the present embodiment when the applied voltage changing unit 80 reduces the PWM on-ratio, at least a period during which all energization is turned off is provided. As a result, the brushless DC motor 5 enters a regenerative state, and the current decrease rate becomes larger than that in the reflux state, so that the current can be more reliably suppressed.
- the motor driving device 82 of the present embodiment includes the compressor 17 in which the brushless DC motor 5 is incorporated.
- the load driven by the brushless DC motor 5 is a compression element (crankshaft, piston, etc.) of the compressor 17.
- the motor drive device 82 can be started even in a state where a pressure difference remains in the compressor 17 and a large load torque fluctuation exists from the start. For this reason, the motor drive device 82 can be started without monitoring the state of the compressor 17, and an inexpensive system can be configured.
- the refrigerator 22 equipped with the motor drive device 82 of the present embodiment has a refrigeration cycle in which the compressor 17 is connected in the order of the compressor 17, the condenser 19, the decompressor 20, the evaporator 21, and the compressor 17.
- the motor driving device 82 is started in a state where the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 17 remains. With such a configuration, the motor drive device 82 can be started even when there is a pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 17, and the evaporator 21 can be inexpensively manufactured with a simple system configuration. The energy loss of the refrigeration cycle can be reduced without increasing the temperature of the refrigeration cycle.
- the compressor 17 can be started immediately. Even in a situation where the power supply situation is bad such that power failures occur frequently, the inside of the refrigerator 22 can be immediately cooled.
- the pressure difference generated between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 17 is at least 0.05 MPa or more.
- FIG. 12 shows a block diagram of motor drive device 120 in the third embodiment of the present invention.
- a power source 121 is a general commercial power source, and in the case of Japan, an AC power source of 50 Hz or 60 Hz with an effective value of 100V.
- the rectifying / smoothing circuit 122 includes a rectifying unit 122a and a smoothing unit 122b, and receives an AC power supply 121 as an input and converts an AC voltage into a DC voltage.
- the rectifying / smoothing circuit 122 in this embodiment has a voltage doubler rectification configuration, but may be a full wave rectification configuration, a configuration in which full wave rectification and voltage double rectification are switched, a power factor correction circuit (PFC), or the like.
- PFC power factor correction circuit
- the inverter 123 has six switching elements 123a to 123f connected in a three-phase full bridge configuration, converts a DC input from the rectifying and smoothing circuit 122 into AC power, and outputs an AC voltage having an arbitrary voltage and frequency to the brushless DC motor 124. Supply. Diodes 123g to 123l are connected to the switching elements 123a to 123f in parallel in the reverse direction. Note that FIG. 12 shows an example in which the switching element is formed of an IGBT, but a MOSFET, a bipolar transistor, a SiC device, a GaN device, or the like may be used.
- the position detection unit 126 detects the magnetic pole position of the rotor of the brushless DC motor 124, and detects the zero cross point as a position signal from the induced voltage appearing at the terminal connected to the stator winding to which no current flows. To do.
- the speed detector 127 detects the driving speed of the brushless DC motor 124 from the output signal interval of the position detector 126.
- the error detection unit 128 detects the difference between the drive speed obtained by the speed detection unit 127 and the command speed.
- the PWM control unit 129 adjusts the voltage that the inverter 123 supplies to the brushless DC motor 124 based on the difference between the command speed and the actual drive speed obtained from the error detection unit 128. Specifically, the switching elements 123a to 123f of the inverter 123 are turned on or off at an arbitrary frequency by PWM (pulse width modulation), and the on time (duty) per cycle of on or off is adjusted. The duty is adjusted and determined by feedback control so that the actual drive speed of the brushless DC motor matches the target command speed.
- PWM pulse width modulation
- the energization phase setting unit 130 sets the energization pattern and energization timing of the next energized winding from the position signal obtained by the position detection unit 126 and its detection timing. At the same time, the energized phase setting unit 130 adds a pattern for regenerating the energy of the motor windings whose voltage application has been cut off by commutation and returning it to the power supply side (ie, the smoothing unit 122b), and then the drive waveform generating unit 131. Output to.
- the energization pattern to the winding set by the energization phase setting unit 130 is set so that a rectangular wave of 120 degrees or more and 150 degrees or less or a waveform corresponding thereto becomes a waveform of a predetermined frequency.
- the drive waveform generation unit 131 combines the energization pattern and energization timing of the three-phase winding of the brushless DC motor 124 by the energization phase setting unit 130 with the PWM frequency set by the PWM control unit 129 and the on time. As a result, the drive waveform generation unit 131 generates a drive waveform for turning on or off the switching elements 123 a to 123 f of the inverter 123 and outputs the drive waveform to the drive unit 132.
- the drive unit 132 turns on or off the switching elements 123a to 123f of the inverter 123 based on the drive waveform generated by the drive waveform generation unit 131.
- FIG. 13 shows waveforms of respective parts during driving by the motor driving device 120 of the present embodiment.
- a waveform A1 shows a current waveform flowing in the motor winding
- a waveform B1 is a motor terminal voltage, both of which show a U-phase waveform.
- Waveforms C1 to H1 indicate drive waveforms of the switching elements 123a to 123f of the inverter 123 by the drive unit 132.
- the timing shown from T131 to T136 is a commutation timing for switching the motor winding to be energized.
- the drive waveform generation unit 131 outputs the output set by the energization phase setting unit 130 according to the energization pattern of the three-phase winding of the brushless DC motor 124 and the output by the PWM control unit 129 based on feedback control.
- the waveform and the pattern for returning the energy stored in the windings to the power source side (electrolytic capacitor) as a regeneration are synthesized and output to the drive unit 132.
- a pattern for returning the winding energy at the time of commutation generated by the energized phase setting unit 130 to the power supply side will be specifically described with reference to FIGS. 12, 13, and 14A to 14D.
- the switching elements 123a and 123f are in the ON state, and as shown in FIG. 14A, the motor current is switched from the switching element 123a ⁇ the U-phase winding ⁇ the W-phase winding ⁇ switching.
- the power running state returns to the power supply side through the element 123f.
- the switching element 123a is turned off and the switching element 123b is turned on by commutation at the timing T133, normally, as shown in FIG. 14B, the energy stored in the U-phase winding is normally reduced by the diode 123j. It is brought into conduction, and is recirculated and consumed in a closed circuit composed of the diode 123j, the U-phase winding, the W-phase winding, and the switching element 123f.
- the W-phase lower switching element 123f is turned off for an arbitrary period.
- the accumulated energy of the U-phase winding makes the diode 123j and the diode 123i conductive, and returns to the power source (charging current of the smoothing capacitor) as regeneration.
- the switching element 123f is turned on again, and the motor current returns to the power running state that returns to the power source side through the switching element 123b ⁇ V-phase winding ⁇ W-phase winding ⁇ switching element 123f. .
- the pattern for returning the winding energy at the time of commutation as regeneration is to temporarily set the switching element of the phase of the winding that is energized immediately after commutation among the energized coils until just before commutation. To turn off.
- the commutation timing T133 among the windings that have been energized until immediately before commutation (that is, the U-phase winding and the W-phase winding), the phase of the winding that continues to be energized after the commutation (that is, The W-phase switching element (ie, 123f) is temporarily turned off.
- the winding current due to commutation is cut off in a short time. For this reason, even when driving a large current due to high torque driving, the winding current becomes zero by the timing when the zero cross point of the induced voltage occurs, and the zero cross is not covered by the spike voltage and can be reliably detected. Therefore, it is possible to accurately detect the magnetic pole position of the rotor. Thereby, high torque driving performance at the time of starting can be realized, and driving performance at the time of high load including the starting performance of the brushless DC motor 124 can be improved.
- the method of stopping the energization of the switching element for a certain period as a pattern for returning the winding energy to the power source side as regeneration is described with reference to FIG. 13, but the switching element is turned on at a high frequency.
- a configuration that turns off and a configuration that turns on or off a predetermined number of pulses in synchronization with PWM switching may be used.
- the refrigerator 149 equipped with a compressor driven by the motor driving device 120 will be described.
- the present embodiment is not limited to a refrigerator, and can also be applied to a refrigeration apparatus.
- the compression element 144 is connected to the rotor shaft of the brushless DC motor 124, and sucks, compresses and discharges the refrigerant gas.
- the brushless DC motor 124 and the compression element 144 are accommodated in the same sealed container, and the compressor 145 is configured.
- the discharge gas compressed by the compressor 145 constitutes a refrigerating and air-conditioning system that returns to the compressor 145 through the condenser 146, the decompressor 147, and the evaporator 148. Since the condenser 146 dissipates heat and the evaporator 148 absorbs heat, cooling and heating can be performed. If necessary, the condenser 146 and the evaporator 148 may be provided with a blower or the like to further promote heat exchange. In the present embodiment, the refrigeration air conditioning system is used as a refrigeration cycle of the refrigerator 149.
- a capillary tube is often used for the decompressor 147. Since the inner diameter of the capillary tube is very small, it takes time to balance the pressure on the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 145 when the compressor 145 is stopped. Therefore, when the compressor 145 is driven, when the compressor 145 is stopped due to an instantaneous power failure or the like, it is necessary to quickly restart the compressor 145 from a state where the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 145 is large.
- the compressor 145 can be restarted quickly without having to wait until the pressure balance of the compressor 145 is balanced at the time of recovery from the power failure. An increase in the internal temperature of 149 can be suppressed.
- the refrigerant flow rate adjustment unit 135 opens and closes the refrigerant flow paths of the condenser 146 and the evaporator 148 in the refrigeration cycle.
- the refrigerant flow rate adjusting unit 135 is installed between the condenser 146 and the decompressor 147, but may be installed between the decompressor 147 and the evaporator 148.
- the refrigerant flow rate adjustment unit 135 operates in conjunction with the operation or stop of the compressor 145.
- the refrigerant flow rate adjustment unit 135 is configured to open the refrigerant flow path when the compressor 145 is in operation and close the refrigerant flow path when the compressor 145 is stopped. That is, when there is an instruction to drive the brushless DC motor 124 (that is, when the command speed is other than zero), the refrigerant flow rate adjustment is performed so that the refrigerant can be circulated in the refrigeration cycle by operating the compressor for cooling the interior.
- the refrigerant flow path is opened by the portion 135.
- the compressor 145 When the compressor 145 is stopped (that is, when a stop instruction is issued to the brushless DC motor 124), the refrigerant flow path is closed by the refrigerant flow rate adjustment unit 135, and the gap between the condenser 146 and the evaporator 148 is reached. The refrigerant flow is blocked.
- the condenser 146 In the refrigeration cycle of the refrigerator 149, the condenser 146 is connected to the discharge (high pressure) side of the compressor 145, and the evaporator 148 is connected to the suction (low pressure) side. For this reason, a pressure difference is generated between the condenser 146 and the evaporator 148 during the operation of the compressor 145, and the condenser 146 is balanced in order to balance the pressure between the two when the compressor 145 is stopped.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant flows into the evaporator 148 through the decompressor 147 and is condensed and liquefied inside the evaporator 148.
- a high-temperature gas refrigerant flows into the evaporator 148 installed in the refrigerator 149 in a cooled state, and heat exchange (releases thermal energy) there. Eventually, this becomes a heat load of the refrigerator 149, and thus increases the power consumption of the refrigerator 149.
- the refrigerant flow path is closed by the refrigerant flow rate adjustment unit 135 so that the high-temperature high-pressure gas from the condenser 146 side does not flow into the evaporator 148. Yes.
- the refrigeration cycle in which the compressor 145 is used and the energy saving performance of the refrigerator 149 are improved.
- the pressure on the condenser 146 side is reduced to a predetermined pressure after the start, and the discharge side Is increased to a predetermined pressure, and the energy of the refrigeration cycle is lost until the compressor 145 returns to the stable pressure state during operation.
- the refrigerant flow path is closed by the refrigerant flow rate adjusting unit 135 when the compressor 145 is stopped, and the high pressure side (discharge side) and the suction side (low pressure side) of the compressor 145 Therefore, even when the compressor 145 is stopped, the pressure difference between the discharge side and the suction side is the same as that during operation.
- the refrigerator 149 of the present embodiment is configured such that the suction side pressure and the discharge side pressure of the compressor 145 are restarted while being in a state equivalent to the operation state of the compressor 145. .
- the starting of the compressor 145 in a state where a pressure difference is generated between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 145 requires a very large starting torque as compared to starting from a state where the pressure is balanced.
- the motor driving device 120 described above is used for driving the compressor 145, a large starting torque can be generated, so the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 145
- the compressor 145 can be started stably and smoothly even when starting with a large pressure difference between them. Therefore, it is possible to return to the stable pressure state during the operation of the compressor 145 in a short time after the start-up, the loss of the refrigeration cycle at the start-up can be reduced, and the power consumption of the refrigerator 149 can be reduced.
- FIG. 15 is a block diagram of motor drive device 150 according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- the energization phase setting unit 151 determines the energization pattern and energization timing of the next energized winding from the position signal obtained by the position detection unit 126 and its detection timing. It is set and output to the drive waveform generation unit 153 and the PWM phase setting unit 152.
- the energization pattern to the winding set by the energization phase setting unit 151 is set so that a rectangular wave of 120 degrees or more and 150 degrees or less or a waveform corresponding thereto becomes a waveform of a predetermined frequency.
- the PWM phase setting unit 152 sets which of the switching elements 123a to 123f of the inverter 123 is to be turned on or off with PWM control. That is, the PWM phase setting unit 152 selects a phase (switching element) for PWM control so that the energy of the winding whose power supply is interrupted by commutation is returned to the power supply (capacitor) side.
- the drive waveform generation unit 153 includes the energization phase pattern of the brushless DC motor set by the energization phase setting unit 151, the switching frequency and the on time per cycle associated with the PWM control set by the PWM control unit 129, and the PWM phase.
- a drive waveform of each element of the inverter 123 is generated by synthesizing the phase (switching element) that performs the on or off control by the PWM control set by the setting unit 152.
- the drive unit 154 drives the inverter 123 by turning on or off the switching elements 123a to 123f of the inverter 123 based on the drive waveform generated by the drive waveform generation unit 153.
- FIG. 16 shows a waveform of each part during driving of the motor drive device 150 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- a waveform A ⁇ b> 2 is a U-phase winding current of the brushless DC motor 124.
- a waveform B ⁇ b> 2 is a U-phase terminal voltage of the brushless DC motor 124.
- Waveforms C2 to H2 are drive waveforms of the inverter 123 by the drive unit 154.
- timings T161 to T166 indicate commutation timings for switching the energization winding of the brushless DC motor 124.
- the switching element 123a performs a chopping operation associated with the PWM control, the switching element 123f is continuously energized, and the motor current is The current flows through the path of the switching element 123a ⁇ the U-phase winding ⁇ the W-phase winding ⁇ the switching element 123f.
- the switching element 123a is turned off and the switching element 123b is turned on.
- the PWM phase setting unit 152 selects the switching element 123f (that is, the W-phase low-voltage side connection element) that has been continuously energized as the phase for performing PWM chopping between the sections T162 and T163.
- the switching element 123b is continuously energized, the switching element 123f performs a chopping operation accompanying PWM, and the motor current is switched from the switching element 123b ⁇ V phase winding ⁇ W phase winding. It flows along the path of line ⁇ switching element 123f.
- FIGS. 14A to 14D are diagrams illustrating paths through which current flows according to the states of the switching elements 123a to 123f as described in the third embodiment.
- switching element 123a and switching element 123f are on, current flows in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 14A, and brushless DC motor 124 is in a power running state.
- the switching element 123f is chopped under the PWM control.
- switching element 123a is turned off, the energy of the U-phase winding is released.
- the switching element 123f when the switching element 123f is turned on by chopping by PWM control, the energy is released gradually through the return route shown in FIG. 14B, and when the switching element 123f is turned off, As shown to 14C, it returns to the power supply side capacitor
- the winding energy release time is faster when the capacitor is discharged by regeneration than by the energy consumption in the return mode. For this reason, in the present embodiment, winding energy is released in the regenerative mode as well as in the return mode, so that the winding current due to commutation is cut off in a short time.
- the PWM phase setting unit 152 selects the phase switching element of the winding that is energized immediately before the commutation and continues the energization after the commutation as a phase (element) for PWM control. .
- the phase of the winding that continues to be energized after commutation that is, , W-phase (low-voltage side) switching element (that is, switching element 123f) is turned on or off by PWM control, and the energy stored in the winding that is cut off by commutation is used as regenerative energy. It is returned to the power supply side (that is, the smoothing unit 122b).
- the refrigerator 149 equipped with the motor driving device 150 and the compressor driving device using the motor driving device 150 in the present embodiment will be described.
- this embodiment describes a refrigerator, it can also be applied to a refrigeration apparatus.
- the compression element 144 is connected to the rotor shaft of the brushless DC motor 124, and sucks, compresses and discharges the refrigerant gas.
- the brushless DC motor 124 and the compression element 144 are accommodated in the same sealed container, and the compressor 145 is configured.
- the discharge gas compressed by the compressor 145 constitutes a refrigerating and air-conditioning system that returns to the compressor 145 through the condenser 146, the decompressor 147, and the evaporator 148. Since the condenser 146 dissipates heat and the evaporator 148 absorbs heat, cooling and heating can be performed. Note that, if necessary, the condenser 146 and the evaporator 148 may be provided with a blower or the like to further promote heat exchange. In the present embodiment, the refrigeration air conditioning system is used as a refrigeration cycle of the refrigerator 149.
- a capillary tube is often used for the decompressor 147. Since the inner diameter of the capillary tube is very small, it takes time to balance the pressure on the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 145 when the compressor 145 is stopped. Accordingly, when the compressor 145 is stopped due to an instantaneous power failure or the like when the compressor 145 is driven, it is necessary to restart the compressor 145 promptly from a state where the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 145 is large.
- the compressor 145 When starting the compressor 145 in a state where the pressure is not balanced, a large starting torque is required, which makes starting difficult.
- the motor drive device 150 of the present embodiment for driving the compressor 145, the compressor 145 can be stably started even when the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side is large.
- the refrigerant flow rate adjustment unit 135 opens and closes the refrigerant flow paths of the condenser 146 and the evaporator 148 in the refrigeration cycle.
- the refrigerant flow rate adjusting unit 135 is installed between the condenser 146 and the decompressor 147, but may be installed between the decompressor 147 and the evaporator 148.
- the refrigerant flow rate adjustment unit 135 operates in conjunction with the operation or stop of the compressor 145.
- the refrigerant flow rate adjustment unit 135 is configured to open the refrigerant flow path while the compressor 145 is in operation and close the refrigerant flow path when the compressor 145 is stopped. That is, when there is an instruction to drive the brushless DC motor 124 (that is, when the command speed is other than zero), the refrigerant is circulated in the refrigeration cycle by the operation of the compressor 145 for cooling the refrigerator 149.
- the refrigerant flow path is opened by the refrigerant flow rate adjustment unit 135.
- the compressor 145 When the compressor 145 is stopped (that is, when a stop instruction is issued to the brushless DC motor 124), the refrigerant flow path is closed by the refrigerant flow rate adjusting unit 135, and the compressor 145 and the evaporator 148 are closed. The refrigerant flow is interrupted.
- the condenser 146 In the refrigeration cycle of the refrigerator 149, the condenser 146 is connected to the discharge (high pressure) side of the compressor 145, and the evaporator 148 is connected to the suction (low pressure) side. For this reason, a pressure difference is generated between the condenser 146 and the evaporator 148 during the operation of the compressor 145, and the condenser 146 is balanced in order to balance the pressure between the two when the compressor 145 is stopped.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant flows into the evaporator 148 through the decompressor 147 and is condensed and liquefied inside the evaporator 148.
- a high-temperature gas refrigerant flows into the evaporator 148 installed in the refrigerator 149 in a cooled state, and heat exchange (releases heat energy) there. Eventually, this becomes a heat load of the refrigerator 149, and thus increases the power consumption of the refrigerator 149.
- the refrigerant flow path is closed by the refrigerant flow rate adjusting unit 135 when the compressor 145 is stopped, so that the high-temperature high-pressure gas from the condenser 146 side does not flow into the evaporator 148.
- the refrigeration cycle using the compressor 145 and the energy saving performance of the refrigerator 149 are improved.
- the pressure on the condenser 146 side is reduced to a predetermined pressure after the start-up. The energy is lost in the refrigeration cycle until the pressure is increased to a predetermined pressure and returned to the stable pressure state during the operation of the compressor 145.
- the refrigerant flow path is closed by the refrigerant flow rate adjustment unit 135, and the high pressure side (discharge side) and the suction side (low pressure side) of the compressor 145 are divided. Therefore, even when the compressor 145 is stopped, the pressure difference between the discharge side and the suction side is the same as that during operation.
- the refrigerator 149 of the present embodiment is such that the compressor 145 is restarted while the suction-side pressure and the discharge-side pressure of the compressor 145 remain in the same state as the operation state of the compressor 145. It is configured.
- the start-up of the compressor 145 in a state where a pressure difference is generated between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 145 requires a very large start-up torque compared to the start-up from a state where the pressure is balanced.
- a large starting torque can be generated by using the motor driving device 150 of the present embodiment for driving the compressor 145, a large pressure difference is generated between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 145.
- the compressor 145 can be started stably and smoothly even when starting in the state. Therefore, it is possible to return to the stable pressure state during the operation of the compressor 145 in a short time after the start, reduce the energy loss of the refrigeration cycle at the start, and reduce the power consumption of the refrigerator 149.
- the motor drive device 30 applies the voltage to the brushless DC motor 5 that drives the load that fluctuates during one rotation, and the brushless DC motor 5.
- a drive unit 9 for driving the motor is configured so that the speed after one rotation from the start of the brushless DC motor 5 is such that the speed change rate for the next one rotation is within a predetermined value.
- a speed accelerating unit 8 for determining a voltage applied by the drive unit 9 is provided so as to accelerate 5.
- the speed has a square effect with respect to the load (the speed change rate is proportional to the square of the speed with respect to the load).
- the speed change in the DC motor 5 can be suppressed, and the vibration of the brushless DC motor 5 can be reduced. With such a configuration, even when the load torque fluctuation is large, it is possible to start up stably.
- the speed accelerating unit 8 has a speed within one revolution from the start of the brushless DC motor 5 and a speed change rate with respect to the next one revolution is one revolution.
- the brushless DC motor 5 may be configured to be accelerated so as to be within a predetermined value under a load condition calculated from the maximum change. With such a configuration, the motor drive device 30 can be started under conditions where the start of the load driven by the brushless DC motor 5 is most difficult, and can be stably started under all required conditions.
- the motor drive device 30 may include the position detection unit 6 that detects the magnetic pole position of the brushless DC motor 5.
- the drive unit 9 performs positioning in which a current flows in a specific phase of the brushless DC motor 5 before the motor drive device 30 is started, and advances 90 degrees or more from the positioning phase after a predetermined time has elapsed. It is configured to acquire position information of the position detection unit 6 and start driving of the motor drive device 30 in a state where current is passed through the phase. With such a configuration, driving according to the magnetic pole position of the brushless DC motor 5 is performed. Therefore, even when there is a load fluctuation in one rotation and the speed greatly changes, the driving can be stably performed. it can.
- the motor drive device 30 may be configured as a drive device that drives the compressor 17. By being driven by the motor drive device 30, the compressor 17 can be stably started.
- the refrigerator 22 includes the compressor 17 driven by the motor driving device 30 and is configured to start in a state where the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 17 remains. Yes.
- the compressor 17 can be started even when there is a pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 17, and the refrigeration cycle does not increase the temperature of the evaporator 21 at a low cost with a simple system configuration. Energy loss can be reduced.
- the refrigerator 22 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention may be configured such that the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 17 is at least greater than 0.05 MPa. With such a configuration, it is possible to reduce the energy loss of the refrigeration cycle while reducing the acceleration of deterioration due to an increase in vibration and maintaining the reliability of the compressor 17.
- the motor driving device 82 includes a brushless DC motor 5 that drives a fluctuating load, a speed control unit 78 that determines a voltage to be applied to the brushless DC motor 5 and adjusts the speed, and a brushless. And a current detection unit 79 that detects a current flowing through the DC motor 5. Furthermore, when the current detected by the current detection unit 79 is greater than the first threshold, the motor drive device 82 includes an applied voltage changing unit 80 that reduces the applied voltage determined by the speed control unit 78, and an applied voltage changing unit. And a drive unit 81 for driving the brushless DC motor 5 with the applied voltage determined at 80.
- the speed and induced voltage of the brushless DC motor 5 are reduced due to an increase in load, and driving can be performed while suppressing an increase in current due to a large difference between the induced voltage and the applied voltage. For this reason, the motor drive device 82 can be started even in a state where there is a pressure difference without using a four-way valve or the like. Furthermore, it is possible to save energy by using a high-efficiency motor having a low demagnetizing current and to reduce costs by using an element having a small current rating.
- the applied voltage changing unit 80 determines the applied voltage determined by the speed control unit 78 when the current detected by the current detecting unit 79 is smaller than the second threshold. You may be comprised so that a voltage may be raised to an upper limit. With such a configuration, excessive output torque can be suppressed in a section where the required torque is small and the speed is low, and output torque can be increased in a section where the torque is insufficient and the speed is high. As a result, even when the load torque fluctuation is large, it is possible to start up while reducing the change in speed and reducing the vibration.
- the drive unit 81 performs PWM control to adjust the voltage applied to the brushless DC motor 5, and the speed control unit 78 determines the voltage to be applied.
- the PWM on-ratio may be determined, and the applied voltage changing unit 80 may be configured to reduce the PWM on-ratio determined by the speed control unit 78 in order to reduce the applied voltage.
- the motor driving device 82 may be configured to provide at least a period during which all energization is turned off when the applied voltage changing unit 80 reduces the PWM ON ratio.
- the motor drive device 82 may be configured as a drive device for the compressor 17, and the brushless DC motor 5 may be configured to drive the compression element of the compressor 17.
- the refrigerator 22 includes the compressor 17 in which the motor driving device 82 is used, and is configured to start in a state in which the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 17 remains. Also good. With such a configuration, the compressor 17 can be started even in a state where there is a pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 17, and the evaporator 21 can be manufactured inexpensively with a simple system configuration. It can start without waiting for the temperature rise. Thereby, the energy loss of a refrigerating cycle can be reduced.
- the refrigerator 22 according to the second embodiment of the present invention may be configured such that the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 17 is at least 0.05 MPa. With such a configuration, it is possible to reduce the energy loss of the refrigeration cycle while reducing the acceleration of deterioration due to an increase in vibration and maintaining the reliability of the compressor 17.
- the motor drive device 120 includes a rectifying unit 122a that rectifies an AC voltage, and a smoothing unit 122b that includes a capacitor that converts the output voltage of the rectifying unit 122a into a stable DC voltage.
- a brushless DC motor 124 including a rotor having a permanent magnet and a stator having a three-phase winding.
- the motor driving device 120 includes six switching elements 123a to 123f connected in a three-phase bridge configuration, an inverter 123 that supplies power to the three-phase winding with the output of the rectifying unit 122a as an input, and the rotation of the rotor.
- a position detection unit 126 for detecting the position.
- the motor driving device 120 detects the speed of the brushless DC motor 124 from the signal from the position detecting unit 126, and the energization phase of the stator winding from the detected rotational position and driving speed of the rotor. And a drive waveform generation unit 131 that generates a drive waveform of the inverter 123.
- the motor driving device 120 generates a driving waveform of the inverter 123 so that when the energization winding of the brushless DC motor 124 is switched, a current for charging the capacitor of the smoothing unit 122b flows from the winding whose power supply is cut off. To do.
- the motor drive device 120 may be configured as a drive device for the compressor 145.
- the compressor 145 is driven by the motor driving device 120.
- the compressor 145 is quickly restarted even when a large starting torque is required due to a pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 145. Since it can start, the stop period of the compressor 145 can be shortened.
- the refrigerator 149 includes a condenser 146 that condenses the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant compressed by the compressor 145, and a decompressor that reduces the pressure of the liquid refrigerant liquefied by the condenser 146. 147 and an evaporator 148 for evaporating the liquid refrigerant whose pressure has been reduced by the decompressor 147. Furthermore, the refrigerator 149 includes a refrigerant flow rate adjustment unit 135 that opens and closes a refrigerant flow path between the condenser 146 and the evaporator 148.
- the refrigerator 149 is configured such that the refrigerant flow path between the condenser 146 and the evaporator 148 is blocked by the refrigerant flow rate adjustment unit 135 while the compressor 145 is stopped.
- the driving device of the compressor 145 is configured by a motor driving device 120.
- a pressure difference of a predetermined level or more is added between the suction side pressure and the discharge side pressure of the compressor 145. It may be configured. With such a configuration, when the compressor 145 is restarted, it can be started from substantially the same pressure state as when the compressor 145 is being driven. Thereby, immediately after starting, the pressure between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 145 can return to the stable pressure state during the operation of the compressor 145. Therefore, it is possible to greatly reduce the energy loss of the refrigeration cycle until the compressor 145 is started and returns to a stable pressure state.
- the refrigerator 149 may include a motor driving device 120.
- the refrigerator 149 may include a compressor 145 that is driven by the motor driving device 120. With such a configuration, even when the compressor 145 is turned on or off to adjust the internal temperature of the refrigerator 149, the high-temperature refrigerant in the condenser 146 is removed from the evaporator while the compressor 145 is stopped. It is possible to prevent an increase in heat load due to flowing into 148 and suppress energy loss of the refrigeration cycle until the pressure state at the time of starting the compressor 145 returns to a stable pressure at the time of operating the compressor 145. A refrigerator 149 with low power can be provided.
- the motor driving device 150 includes a rectifying unit 122a that rectifies an AC voltage, and a smoothing unit 122b that includes a capacitor that converts the output voltage of the rectifying unit 122a into a stable DC voltage. It has a smoothing circuit 122 and a brushless DC motor 124 comprising a rotor having a permanent magnet and a stator having a three-phase winding.
- the motor driving device 150 includes six switching elements 123a to 123f connected in a three-phase bridge configuration, an inverter 123 that supplies power to a three-phase winding with the output of the rectifying and smoothing circuit 122 as an input, and a rotor A position detection unit 126 that detects the rotational position and a speed detection unit 127 that detects the speed of the brushless DC motor 124 from the signal from the position detection unit 126 are included. Further, the motor driving device 150 includes an energized phase setting unit 151 that determines an energized phase of the stator winding from the detected rotational position and driving speed of the rotor, and the speed and target speed detected by the speed detecting unit 127. And an error detection unit 128 for detecting the error.
- the motor driving device 150 adjusts the output voltage of the inverter 123 by PWM control by on-chopping or off-chopping any switching elements 123a to 123f of the inverter 123 so that the speed of the brushless DC motor 124 becomes the target speed.
- the motor driving device 150 performs chopping by PWM control so that a current for charging the capacitor of the smoothing unit 122b flows from the winding in which the power supply is cut off when the energized winding of the brushless DC motor 124 is switched. To 123f are selected.
- the motor driving device 150 may be configured as a driving device that drives the compressor 145.
- the compressor 145 driven by the motor driving device 150 has a pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 145 when the drive is stopped due to a power failure or the like, and even when a large starting torque is required, Can be restarted. Thereby, the stop period of the compressor 145 can be shortened, and the compressor 145 can be started stably.
- the refrigerator 149 includes a condenser 146 that condenses the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant compressed by the compressor 145, and a decompressor 147 that reduces the pressure of the liquid refrigerant liquefied by the condenser 146. , An evaporator 148 that evaporates the liquid refrigerant whose pressure has been reduced by the decompressor 147, and a refrigerant flow rate adjustment unit 135 that opens and closes the refrigerant flow path between the condenser 146 and the evaporator 148.
- the refrigerator 149 may be configured such that the refrigerant flow path between the condenser 146 and the evaporator 148 is blocked by the refrigerant flow rate adjustment unit 135 while the compressor 145 is stopped. With such a configuration, it is possible to prevent an increase in the temperature of the condenser 146 due to the high-temperature refrigerant flowing into the condenser 146 when the compressor 145 is stopped. Thereby, the energy loss of the refrigerating cycle at the time of restarting the compressor 145 can be reduced.
- a pressure difference of a predetermined value or more is added between the suction side pressure and the discharge side pressure of the compressor 145. It may be configured. Thereby, when the compressor 145 is restarted, it can be started from substantially the same pressure state as during the driving of the compressor 145, so that the suction side, the discharge side, and the pressure of the compressor 145 immediately after the start up It is possible to return to a stable pressure state during operation. Therefore, it is possible to greatly reduce the energy loss of the refrigeration cycle until the compressor 145 is started and returns to a stable pressure state.
- the refrigerator 149 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention may include the motor driving device 150 or the compressor 145 in which the motor driving device 150 is used.
- the motor driving device 150 may be turned on or off to adjust the internal temperature of the refrigerator 149. Therefore, even when the compressor 145 is turned on or off to adjust the internal temperature of the refrigerator 149, the high temperature refrigerant in the condenser 146 flows into the evaporator while the compressor 145 is stopped. Therefore, the loss of energy in the refrigeration cycle until the pressure state at the start of the compressor 145 returns to the stable pressure during the operation of the compressor 145 can be suppressed. Can be provided.
- the present invention relates to a motor drive device with improved drive performance during high torque drive and high load drive, which can be stably started even under a large load torque fluctuation, and drive of a compressor using the same.
- An apparatus and a refrigerator are provided. Therefore, it can be widely used not only in refrigerators but also in refrigeration equipment, air conditioners, heat pump type washing and drying machines, heat pump water heaters, vending machines, and showcases.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1におけるモータ駆動装置のブロック図である。
本発明の実施の形態2におけるモータ駆動装置82について説明する。図7は、本発明の実施の形態2におけるモータ駆動装置のブロック図である。図2において、図1に示す実施の形態1と同じ構成には同じ符号を示し、説明を省略する。
図12は、本発明の実施の形態3におけるモータ駆動装置120のブロック図を示す。
図15は、本発明の実施の形態4におけるモータ駆動装置150のブロック図を示す。図15において、図12に示す実施の形態3のモータ駆動装置120と同じ構成については、同じ符号を付けて説明を省略する。
2 整流回路
3 平滑部
4 インバータ
5 ブラシレスDCモータ
6 位置検出部
7 速度検出部
8 速度加速部
9 ドライブ部
17 圧縮機
19 凝縮器
20 減圧器
21 蒸発器
22 冷蔵庫
30 モータ駆動装置
76 位置検出部
77 速度検出部
78 速度制御部
79 電流検出部
80 印加電圧変更部
81 ドライブ部
82 モータ駆動装置
120 モータ駆動装置
121 交流電源(電源)
122 整流平滑回路
122a 整流部
122b 平滑部
123 インバータ
124 ブラシレスDCモータ
126 位置検出部
127 速度検出部
128 誤差検出部
129 PWM制御部
130 通電相設定部
131 駆動波形生成部
132 ドライブ部
135 冷媒流量調整部
144 圧縮要素
145 圧縮機
146 凝縮器
147 減圧器
148 蒸発器
149 冷蔵庫
150 モータ駆動装置
151 通電相設定部
152 PWM相設定部
153 駆動波形生成部
154 ドライブ部
Claims (11)
- 1回転中で変動する負荷を駆動するブラシレスDCモータと、前記ブラシレスDCモータに電圧を印加し駆動するドライブ部と、前記ブラシレスDCモータの起動から1回転以内の速度が、次の1回転に対する速度変化率が所定値以下に収まるように、前記ブラシレスDCモータを加速させるよう、前記ドライブ部が印加する電圧を決定するよう構成された速度加速部を備えるモータ駆動装置。
- 前記速度加速部は、前記ブラシレスDCモータの起動から1回転以内の速度が、次の1回転に対する速度変化率が、1回転中の負荷の変化が最大となる条件で、所定値以下に収まるように、前記ブラシレスDCモータを加速させるよう構成された請求項1に記載のモータ駆動装置。
- 前記ブラシレスDCモータの磁極位置を検出する位置検出部を備え、前記ドライブ部が、起動前に前記ブラシレスDCモータの特定の相に電流を流す位置決めを行い、所定時間経過後に位置決め位相より90度以上進んだ相に電流を流した状態で、前記位置検出部の位置情報を取得し、駆動を開始するよう構成された請求項1または2に記載のモータ駆動装置。
- 請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載のモータ駆動装置が用いられた圧縮機の駆動装置。
- 請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載のモータ駆動装置が用いられた圧縮機を備え、前記圧縮機は、前記圧縮機の吸入側と吐出側との間に圧力差が残る状態で起動するよう構成された冷蔵庫。
- 前記圧縮機の前記吸入側と前記吐出側との前記圧力差が少なくとも0.05MPaより大きい請求項5に記載の冷蔵庫。
- 交流電圧を整流する整流部、および、前記整流部の出力電圧を安定した直流電圧に変換するコンデンサにより構成される平滑部から成る整流平滑回路と、永久磁石を有する回転子および三相巻線を有する固定子からなるブラシレスDCモータと、6個のスイッチング素子が3相ブリッジ構成で接続され、前記整流平滑回路の出力を入力として前記三相巻線に電力を供給するインバータと、前記回転子の回転位置を検出する位置検出部と、前記位置検出部からの信号に基づき前記ブラシレスDCモータの速度を検出する速度検出部と、検出された前記回転子の回転位置および駆動速度から前記固定子巻線の通電相を決定する通電相決定部と、前記速度検出部で検出された速度と目標速度との誤差を検出する誤差検出部と、前記ブラシレスDCモータの前記速度が前記目標速度となるように、前記インバータの出力電圧を前記インバータの任意の前記スイッチング素子をオンチョッピングまたはオフチョッピングによるPWM制御で調整するPWM制御部と、前記インバータの駆動波形を生成する駆動波形生成部を有し、前記ブラシレスDCモータの通電巻線の切り替え時、電力供給が遮断された巻線から前記平滑部の前記コンデンサを充電する電流が流れるように、PWM制御によるチョッピングを行う前記スイッチング素子を選定するよう構成されたモータ駆動装置。
- 請求項7に記載のモータ駆動装置により構成された圧縮機の駆動装置。
- 前記圧縮機により圧縮された高温高圧のガス冷媒を凝縮する凝縮器と、前記凝縮器により液化された液冷媒の圧力を低下する減圧器と、前記減圧器により圧力が低下した液冷媒を蒸発させる蒸発器と前記凝縮器と前記蒸発器間の冷媒の流路を遮断する冷媒流量調整部とを有し、前記圧縮機が停止中は、前記冷媒流量調整部により、前記凝縮器と前記蒸発器との間の冷媒流路が遮断される請求項8に記載の前記圧縮機の駆動装置を備えた冷蔵庫。
- 前記圧縮機が停止状態から起動する際、前記圧縮機の吸入側圧力と吐出側圧力との間に所定以上の圧力差が付加されている請求項9に記載の冷蔵庫。
- 請求項7または8に記載のモータ駆動装置または圧縮機の駆動装置を有する冷蔵庫。
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP16841065.2A EP3343751B1 (en) | 2015-08-28 | 2016-08-10 | Refrigerator |
| CN201680046997.1A CN107960145B (zh) | 2015-08-28 | 2016-08-10 | 电动机驱动装置、和使用其的压缩机的驱动装置以及冷藏库 |
| BR112018003257-3A BR112018003257B1 (pt) | 2015-08-28 | 2016-08-10 | Refrigerador |
| SG11201800798TA SG11201800798TA (en) | 2015-08-28 | 2016-08-10 | Motor driving device, as well as refrigerator and device for operating compressor in which said motor driving device is used |
| US15/897,587 US10637377B2 (en) | 2015-08-28 | 2018-02-15 | Motor driving device, as well as refrigerator and device for operating compressor in which said motor driving device is used |
Applications Claiming Priority (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015-168581 | 2015-08-28 | ||
| JP2015-168579 | 2015-08-28 | ||
| JP2015168592A JP6533951B2 (ja) | 2015-08-28 | 2015-08-28 | モータ駆動装置、およびこれを用いた圧縮機の駆動装置、および冷蔵庫 |
| JP2015168581A JP6533950B2 (ja) | 2015-08-28 | 2015-08-28 | モータ駆動装置、およびこれを用いた圧縮機の駆動装置、冷凍装置および冷蔵庫 |
| JP2015-168592 | 2015-08-28 | ||
| JP2015168579A JP6450938B2 (ja) | 2015-08-28 | 2015-08-28 | モータ駆動装置、およびこれを用いた圧縮機の駆動装置、および冷蔵庫 |
| JP2015168580A JP6450939B2 (ja) | 2015-08-28 | 2015-08-28 | モータ駆動装置、およびこれを用いた圧縮機の駆動装置、冷凍装置および冷蔵庫 |
| JP2015-168580 | 2015-08-28 |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US15/897,587 Continuation US10637377B2 (en) | 2015-08-28 | 2018-02-15 | Motor driving device, as well as refrigerator and device for operating compressor in which said motor driving device is used |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2017038024A1 true WO2017038024A1 (ja) | 2017-03-09 |
Family
ID=58186956
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2016/003696 Ceased WO2017038024A1 (ja) | 2015-08-28 | 2016-08-10 | モータ駆動装置、および、これを用いた圧縮機の駆動装置並びに冷蔵庫 |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10637377B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP3343751B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN107960145B (ja) |
| BR (1) | BR112018003257B1 (ja) |
| SG (1) | SG11201800798TA (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2017038024A1 (ja) |
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| DE19509914C1 (de) * | 1995-03-18 | 1996-11-07 | Danfoss As | Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Motor-Verdichter-Einheit und Motor-Verdichter-Einheit zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens |
| JPH1028395A (ja) | 1996-07-11 | 1998-01-27 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Dcブラシレスモータの位置検出装置 |
| JP3415417B2 (ja) | 1997-11-25 | 2003-06-09 | 株式会社東芝 | モータ制御装置 |
| JP4465129B2 (ja) | 2000-07-14 | 2010-05-19 | パナソニック株式会社 | ブラシレスモータの駆動装置と駆動方法 |
| JP4259173B2 (ja) * | 2003-04-28 | 2009-04-30 | パナソニック株式会社 | 電動圧縮機の駆動装置 |
| US7304452B2 (en) | 2005-03-11 | 2007-12-04 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Motor control device |
| JP4723883B2 (ja) | 2005-03-11 | 2011-07-13 | 株式会社東芝 | モータ制御装置 |
| JP2008104337A (ja) | 2006-09-21 | 2008-05-01 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 冷媒圧縮機用電動機の制御装置 |
| JP2008099483A (ja) | 2006-10-13 | 2008-04-24 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | モータ駆動装置およびこれを具備する冷蔵庫 |
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| JP4735681B2 (ja) * | 2008-08-18 | 2011-07-27 | 株式会社デンソー | モータ制御回路,車両用ファン駆動装置及びモータ制御方法 |
| DE102008037543A1 (de) * | 2007-12-28 | 2009-07-02 | DENSO CORPORARTION, Kariya-shi | Motorsteuervorrichtung, Fahrzeuglüfter-Ansteuervorrichtung und Motorsteuerverfahren |
| JP2010252406A (ja) | 2009-04-10 | 2010-11-04 | Panasonic Corp | モータ駆動装置およびこれを用いた冷蔵庫 |
| JP5838038B2 (ja) * | 2011-04-22 | 2015-12-24 | サンデンホールディングス株式会社 | モータ制御装置 |
| US8734120B2 (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2014-05-27 | Vacon Oyj | Compressor starting method and apparatus |
| JP5749638B2 (ja) | 2011-12-08 | 2015-07-15 | アイダエンジニアリング株式会社 | プレス機械の電源装置 |
| KR20140116728A (ko) * | 2013-03-25 | 2014-10-06 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 센서리스 bldc 모터의 기동 장치 및 방법 |
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2016
- 2016-08-10 BR BR112018003257-3A patent/BR112018003257B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2016-08-10 WO PCT/JP2016/003696 patent/WO2017038024A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2016-08-10 SG SG11201800798TA patent/SG11201800798TA/en unknown
- 2016-08-10 EP EP16841065.2A patent/EP3343751B1/en active Active
- 2016-08-10 CN CN201680046997.1A patent/CN107960145B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2018
- 2018-02-15 US US15/897,587 patent/US10637377B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| JPH09117188A (ja) * | 1995-10-16 | 1997-05-02 | Matsushita Refrig Co Ltd | 冷凍サイクル装置 |
| JPH10127088A (ja) * | 1996-10-18 | 1998-05-15 | Daikin Ind Ltd | ブラシレスdcモータの起動方法およびその装置 |
| JP2003028073A (ja) * | 2001-07-18 | 2003-01-29 | Toyota Industries Corp | 電動圧縮機の制御方法 |
| US20150188461A1 (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2015-07-02 | Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co., Ltd. | Motor driving control apparatus and method, and motor driving system using the same |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SG11201800798TA (en) | 2018-03-28 |
| BR112018003257B1 (pt) | 2023-04-25 |
| US20180175752A1 (en) | 2018-06-21 |
| EP3343751B1 (en) | 2021-06-30 |
| EP3343751A1 (en) | 2018-07-04 |
| US10637377B2 (en) | 2020-04-28 |
| CN107960145A (zh) | 2018-04-24 |
| BR112018003257A2 (ja) | 2018-09-25 |
| EP3343751A4 (en) | 2018-11-21 |
| CN107960145B (zh) | 2020-11-03 |
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