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WO2017007353A1 - Condensing heat exchanger - Google Patents

Condensing heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017007353A1
WO2017007353A1 PCT/PL2016/000072 PL2016000072W WO2017007353A1 WO 2017007353 A1 WO2017007353 A1 WO 2017007353A1 PL 2016000072 W PL2016000072 W PL 2016000072W WO 2017007353 A1 WO2017007353 A1 WO 2017007353A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tube
flue
flue gas
pits
heat exchanger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/PL2016/000072
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Krzysztof SZCZEPAŃSKI
Maciej BERNACIAK
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AIC Sp zoo
Original Assignee
AIC Sp zoo
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AIC Sp zoo filed Critical AIC Sp zoo
Publication of WO2017007353A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017007353A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
    • F24H1/26—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body
    • F24H1/28—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body including one or more furnace or fire tubes
    • F24H1/287—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body including one or more furnace or fire tubes with the fire tubes arranged in line with the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H8/00—Fluid heaters characterised by means for extracting latent heat from flue gases by means of condensation
    • F24H8/006—Means for removing condensate from the heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/0005—Details for water heaters
    • F24H9/001—Guiding means
    • F24H9/0026—Guiding means in combustion gas channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/42—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element
    • F28F1/424—Means comprising outside portions integral with inside portions
    • F28F1/426—Means comprising outside portions integral with inside portions the outside portions and the inside portions forming parts of complementary shape, e.g. concave and convex
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a condensing heat exchanger to be used in central heating systems and tap water systems.
  • a heat exchanger is known that is equipped with an outer shell, inside of which there is an assembly of vertical tubular elements mounted at their both ends in tube sheets, and equipped with a gas combustion chamber located above the upper tube sheet, and equipped with walls, mounted crosswise the tubular elements, having holes with tubular elements running through them, and equipped with liquid inlet and outlet ports located in the side wall of the outer shell.
  • the aim of the invention is to reduce the resistance of flue gas flow through the heat exchanger.
  • This aim is achieved by selecting the optimum dimensional relationships between various elements of the heat exchanger, depending on the flue tube's cross sectional circumference washed by flue gas, while maintaining the condensing nature of the heat exchanger.
  • a condensing heat exchanger having in its upper part a combustion chamber equipped with a hole for a burner pipe, flue tubes mounted in a tube sheets, encircled by an outer shell, inside of which is created a chamber for the liquid being heated, and equipped with a heated liquid inlet port and outlet port, a condensate tank equipped with a condensate drain discharge and an exhaust outlet into the chimney, is characterised, according to the invention, in that the ratio of the length of the flue tube to its cross-sectional circumference washed by flue gas is between 2.5 and 6.5, and the flue tubes feature embossed pits formed along the length of the tube and pointing towards the centre of the tube, and said pits are positioned opposite each other, and two opposite pits mark out a section, where the distance between the lowest points in the pits measured inside the tube in the section is 1.0 mm at most.
  • the height of the combustion chamber corresponds, at most, to three times the dimension of cross-sectional circumference of the flue tube washed by flue gas.
  • the height of the heat exchanger is six to eight times the dimension of cross-sectional circumference of the flue tube, washed by flue gas.
  • the proportions developed regarding the dimensions of the heat exchanger secure the condensing nature of the phenomena occurring in the heat exchanger while reducing the resistance of flue gas flow through the heat exchanger.
  • Fig. 1 shows the heat exchanger in an axial section
  • Fig. 2 the flue tube in an isometric view
  • Figs. 3 and 4 the flue tube in a side view
  • Fig. 5 the flue tube in a top view
  • Figs. 6 and 7 the flue tube in an axial section
  • Fig. 8 the flue tube in a cross section.
  • a heat exchanger in the exemplary embodiment of the invention has, in its upper part, a combustion chamber 3 equipped with a hole for a burner pipe, flue tubes 1 mounted in tube sheets 4, 5, enclosed by an outer shell 6, inside of which a heated fluid chamber 7 is formed, and equipped with a heated fluid inlet port 8 and outlet port 9.
  • the lower part of outer shell 6 has a condensate tank 10 mounted, equipped with a condensate discharge 11 and the exhaust outlet 12 into the chimney, as shown in Figure 1.
  • Flue tubes 1 have embossed pits 2 directed towards the centre of tube 1. At a predefined height, the flue tube 1 has two embossed pits 2 facing each other and forming together a separate section, which is shown in Figs. 2 to 8.
  • the distance between the tips of the pits in the flue tube in the section is 0.5 mm, and the ratio of flue tube 1 length L to its cross-sectional circumference washed by flue gas is 3.5.
  • the adjoining sections of pits 2 are located along the flue tube at an angle of 90° one to another.
  • the height H of the heat exchanger is seven times the dimension of the cross-sectional circumference of the flue tube washed by flue gas, and the height S of the combustion chamber is double the dimension of the cross-sectional circumference of the flue tube washed by flue gas.
  • the distance between the tips of embossed pits 2 in the flue tube 1 in the section cannot be more than 1.0 mm, and the ratio of flue tube 1 length L to its cross- sectional circumference washed by flue gas is between 2.5 and 6.5.
  • the height S of the combustion chamber 3 is at most three times the dimension of the cross-sectional circumference of the flue tube 1 washed by flue gas, and the height H of the heat exchanger, including the height S of the combustion chamber 3 and the distance between tube sheets 4, 5 with flue tubes installed is six to eight times this dimension.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

Condensing heat exchanger having in its upper part a combustion chamber equipped with a hole for a burner pipe, flue tubes mounted in a tube sheets, encircled by an outer shell, inside of which is created a chamber for the liquid being heated, and equipped with a heated liquid inlet port and outlet port, a condensate tank equipped with a condensate drain discharge and an exhaust outlet into the chimney, characterised in that the ratio of the length (L) of the flue tube (1) to its cross-sectional circumference washed by flue gas is between 2.5 and 6.5, while the flue tubes (1) have embossed pits (2) directed toward the centre of the tube (1), facing each other and forming a section in which the distance between the tips of the pits (2) inside the flue tube (1) is 1.0 mm at most.

Description

Condensing heat exchanger
The invention relates to a condensing heat exchanger to be used in central heating systems and tap water systems.
There are known heat exchangers equipped with an assembly of tubular elements, with hot flue gases flowing through these elements, mounted between two tube sheets and placed in a chamber enclosed by an outer shell with heated water circulating in it, fed by an inlet port located in the lower part of the outer shell and received by a discharge port located in the upper part of the outer shell. In exchangers of this type, the combustion chamber is placed above the upper tube sheet, while below the lower tube sheet, the condensate drain pan is situated.
From patent description PL216290 B l, a heat exchanger is known that is equipped with an outer shell, inside of which there is an assembly of vertical tubular elements mounted at their both ends in tube sheets, and equipped with a gas combustion chamber located above the upper tube sheet, and equipped with walls, mounted crosswise the tubular elements, having holes with tubular elements running through them, and equipped with liquid inlet and outlet ports located in the side wall of the outer shell.
The aim of the invention is to reduce the resistance of flue gas flow through the heat exchanger.
This aim is achieved by selecting the optimum dimensional relationships between various elements of the heat exchanger, depending on the flue tube's cross sectional circumference washed by flue gas, while maintaining the condensing nature of the heat exchanger.
A condensing heat exchanger, having in its upper part a combustion chamber equipped with a hole for a burner pipe, flue tubes mounted in a tube sheets, encircled by an outer shell, inside of which is created a chamber for the liquid being heated, and equipped with a heated liquid inlet port and outlet port, a condensate tank equipped with a condensate drain discharge and an exhaust outlet into the chimney, is characterised, according to the invention, in that the ratio of the length of the flue tube to its cross-sectional circumference washed by flue gas is between 2.5 and 6.5, and the flue tubes feature embossed pits formed along the length of the tube and pointing towards the centre of the tube, and said pits are positioned opposite each other, and two opposite pits mark out a section, where the distance between the lowest points in the pits measured inside the tube in the section is 1.0 mm at most.
Preferably, the height of the combustion chamber corresponds, at most, to three times the dimension of cross-sectional circumference of the flue tube washed by flue gas.
Preferably, the height of the heat exchanger is six to eight times the dimension of cross-sectional circumference of the flue tube, washed by flue gas.
The proportions developed regarding the dimensions of the heat exchanger secure the condensing nature of the phenomena occurring in the heat exchanger while reducing the resistance of flue gas flow through the heat exchanger.
Further benefits and advantages of the present invention will become apparent after a careful reading of the detailed description with appropriate reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the drawings:
Fig. 1 shows the heat exchanger in an axial section;
Fig. 2 - the flue tube in an isometric view;
Figs. 3 and 4 - the flue tube in a side view; Fig. 5 - the flue tube in a top view, Figs. 6 and 7 - the flue tube in an axial section;
Fig. 8 - the flue tube in a cross section.
A heat exchanger in the exemplary embodiment of the invention has, in its upper part, a combustion chamber 3 equipped with a hole for a burner pipe, flue tubes 1 mounted in tube sheets 4, 5, enclosed by an outer shell 6, inside of which a heated fluid chamber 7 is formed, and equipped with a heated fluid inlet port 8 and outlet port 9. The lower part of outer shell 6 has a condensate tank 10 mounted, equipped with a condensate discharge 11 and the exhaust outlet 12 into the chimney, as shown in Figure 1. Flue tubes 1 have embossed pits 2 directed towards the centre of tube 1. At a predefined height, the flue tube 1 has two embossed pits 2 facing each other and forming together a separate section, which is shown in Figs. 2 to 8. The distance between the tips of the pits in the flue tube in the section is 0.5 mm, and the ratio of flue tube 1 length L to its cross-sectional circumference washed by flue gas is 3.5. The adjoining sections of pits 2 are located along the flue tube at an angle of 90° one to another. The height H of the heat exchanger is seven times the dimension of the cross-sectional circumference of the flue tube washed by flue gas, and the height S of the combustion chamber is double the dimension of the cross-sectional circumference of the flue tube washed by flue gas.
In other variants of the embodiment described above, the distance between the tips of embossed pits 2 in the flue tube 1 in the section cannot be more than 1.0 mm, and the ratio of flue tube 1 length L to its cross- sectional circumference washed by flue gas is between 2.5 and 6.5.
In other variants of the embodiment described above, the height S of the combustion chamber 3 is at most three times the dimension of the cross-sectional circumference of the flue tube 1 washed by flue gas, and the height H of the heat exchanger, including the height S of the combustion chamber 3 and the distance between tube sheets 4, 5 with flue tubes installed is six to eight times this dimension.
It was found that for a flue gas temperature of 1 450°C to 1 550°C, at the inlet to the flue tube and with a flow rate of 0.83 - 0.89 kg/h of flue gas in the tube (for natural gas, C02= 9%) and an initial temperature of 30°C and dT = 20 K of heated liquid, with a counterflow of 22 - 26 1/h for the flue tube, , the flue gas at a distance of 155 - 225 mm from the inlet to this tube reaches the dew point, and the pressure drop is not more than 375 Pa.

Claims

Claims
1. A condensing heat exchanger having in its upper part a combustion chamber equipped with a hole for a burner pipe, flue tubes mounted in the tube sheets, encircled by an outer shell, inside of which is created a chamber for the liquid being heated, and equipped with a heated liquid inlet port and outlet port, a condensate tank equipped with a condensate drain discharge and an exhaust outlet into the chimney, characterised in that the ratio of the length (L) of the flue tube (1) to its cross-sectional circumference washed by flue gas is between 2.5 and 6.5, and the flue tubes feature embossed pits (2) formed along the length of the tube (1) and pointing towards the centre of the tube (1), and said pits (2) are positioned opposite each other, and two opposite pits (2) mark out a section, where the distance between the lowest points in the pits (2) measured inside the tube (1) in the section is 1.0 mm at most.
2. The exchanger according to Claim 1, characterised in that the height (S) of the combustion chamber (3) corresponds, at most, to three times the dimension of the cross-sectional circumference of the flue tube (1), washed by flue gas.
3. The exchanger according to Claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the height (H) of the heat exchanger, covering the height (S) of the
combustion chamber (3) and the distance between tube sheets (4, 5) with flue tubes (1) installed, is six to eight times the dimension of the cross- sectional circumference of flue tube (1), washed by flue gas.
4. A method of heat exchange in the exchanger according to Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that for a flue gas temperature of 1 450°C to 1 550°C, at the inlet to the flue tube (1) and with flow rate of 0.83 - 0.89 kg/h of flue gas in the flue tube (1) (for natural gas, C02 = 9%) and for an initial temperature of 30°C and dT = 20 of heated liquid, with a counterflow of 22 - 26 1/h for the flue tube (1), , the flue gas at a distance of 155 - 225 mm from the inlet to this tube (1) reaches the dew point, and the pressure drop is not more than 375 Pa.
PCT/PL2016/000072 2015-07-05 2016-06-30 Condensing heat exchanger Ceased WO2017007353A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PLP.413025 2015-07-05
PL413025A PL232220B1 (en) 2015-07-05 2015-07-05 Condensing heat exchanger

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2017007353A1 true WO2017007353A1 (en) 2017-01-12

Family

ID=56567660

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/PL2016/000072 Ceased WO2017007353A1 (en) 2015-07-05 2016-06-30 Condensing heat exchanger

Country Status (2)

Country Link
PL (1) PL232220B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2017007353A1 (en)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2408886A1 (en) * 1974-02-23 1975-09-04 Buderus Eisenwerk Heat exchanger tube for a gaseous medium - has indentations, slanting to the tube axis
US20080029243A1 (en) * 2003-11-25 2008-02-07 O'donnell Michael J Heat exchanger tube with integral restricting and turbulating structure
US20110146594A1 (en) * 2009-12-22 2011-06-23 Lochinvar Corporation Fire Tube Heater
WO2013141728A2 (en) * 2012-03-23 2013-09-26 Aic Spółka Akcyjna Dual purpose heat exchanger

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2408886A1 (en) * 1974-02-23 1975-09-04 Buderus Eisenwerk Heat exchanger tube for a gaseous medium - has indentations, slanting to the tube axis
US20080029243A1 (en) * 2003-11-25 2008-02-07 O'donnell Michael J Heat exchanger tube with integral restricting and turbulating structure
US20110146594A1 (en) * 2009-12-22 2011-06-23 Lochinvar Corporation Fire Tube Heater
WO2013141728A2 (en) * 2012-03-23 2013-09-26 Aic Spółka Akcyjna Dual purpose heat exchanger

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL232220B1 (en) 2019-05-31
PL413025A1 (en) 2017-01-16

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