WO2017001494A1 - Procede de separation du fer d'une phase organique contenant de l'uranium et procede d'extraction de l'uranium d'une solution aqueuse d'acide mineral contenant de l'uranium et du fer - Google Patents
Procede de separation du fer d'une phase organique contenant de l'uranium et procede d'extraction de l'uranium d'une solution aqueuse d'acide mineral contenant de l'uranium et du fer Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017001494A1 WO2017001494A1 PCT/EP2016/065169 EP2016065169W WO2017001494A1 WO 2017001494 A1 WO2017001494 A1 WO 2017001494A1 EP 2016065169 W EP2016065169 W EP 2016065169W WO 2017001494 A1 WO2017001494 A1 WO 2017001494A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B60/00—Obtaining metals of atomic number 87 or higher, i.e. radioactive metals
- C22B60/02—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides
- C22B60/0204—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium
- C22B60/0217—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium by wet processes
- C22B60/0252—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium by wet processes treatment or purification of solutions or of liquors or of slurries
- C22B60/0278—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium by wet processes treatment or purification of solutions or of liquors or of slurries by chemical methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B60/00—Obtaining metals of atomic number 87 or higher, i.e. radioactive metals
- C22B60/02—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides
- C22B60/0204—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium
- C22B60/0217—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium by wet processes
- C22B60/0252—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium by wet processes treatment or purification of solutions or of liquors or of slurries
- C22B60/026—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium by wet processes treatment or purification of solutions or of liquors or of slurries liquid-liquid extraction with or without dissolution in organic solvents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B60/00—Obtaining metals of atomic number 87 or higher, i.e. radioactive metals
- C22B60/02—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides
- C22B60/0204—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium
- C22B60/0217—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium by wet processes
- C22B60/0221—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium by wet processes by leaching
- C22B60/0226—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium by wet processes by leaching using acidic solutions or liquors
- C22B60/0243—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium by wet processes by leaching using acidic solutions or liquors phosphorated ion as active agent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B60/00—Obtaining metals of atomic number 87 or higher, i.e. radioactive metals
- C22B60/02—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides
- C22B60/0204—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium
- C22B60/0217—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium by wet processes
- C22B60/0252—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium by wet processes treatment or purification of solutions or of liquors or of slurries
- C22B60/0278—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium by wet processes treatment or purification of solutions or of liquors or of slurries by chemical methods
- C22B60/0282—Solutions containing P ions, e.g. treatment of solutions resulting from the leaching of phosphate ores or recovery of uranium from wet-process phosphoric acid
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for separating iron from a liquid organic phase containing uranium and iron.
- the invention relates to a method for separating iron from a liquid organic phase containing uranium and iron.
- the invention applies to the separation of iron from a liquid organic uranium phase, containing an organic extraction system comprising an organic extractant diluted in an organic diluent.
- This organic phase can be in particular an organic phase resulting from the extraction of uranium by a solvent from an aqueous inorganic uranium uraniferous acid solution, such as phosphoric acid, nitric acid or sulfuric acid.
- the invention therefore also relates to a process for extracting uranium from an aqueous solution of mineral acid, containing uranium and iron.
- This aqueous solution of mineral acid may be either an aqueous uraniferous solution of phosphoric acid, such as industrial phosphoric acid, resulting from the leaching, etching, of a natural phosphate ore, generally based on apatite with sulfuric acid, an aqueous uraniferous acid solution of sulfuric acid or nitric acid resulting from the leaching, attacking a non-phosphate, for example non-apatitic uranium ore, with sulfuric acid or nitric acid.
- phosphoric acid such as industrial phosphoric acid
- the invention therefore finds its application in the treatment of natural phosphates for upgrading the uranium contained in these phosphates, but also in the treatment of the uranium ores subject to an attack, leaching, by sulfuric acid or nitric acid in order to efficiently concentrate the uranium present in these ores.
- Uranium is indeed present at very low levels, generally 50 to
- Some phosphate deposits may contain significant amounts of uranium and thus become potentially exploitable uranium deposits.
- the valorization of uranium from phosphates primarily concerns the valorization of the uranium contained in industrial phosphoric acid, called "wet" phosphoric acid, which constitutes, with phosphate fertilizers, the main production from phosphates.
- This "wet" phosphoric acid is the acid obtained by etching natural phosphated ores with concentrated sulfuric acid, followed by a solid-liquid separation treatment to separate the phosphoric acid from the gypsum precipitated during the attack.
- This solution of phosphoric acid contains in addition to uranium, already mentioned, notable impurities in the forefront of which iron, but also silica, vanadium, molybdenum, and zirconium.
- the iron precipitates in the form of ferric hydroxide during the uranium stripping step, which requires additional filtration operations and poses problems as to the conduct of the process.
- Co-extraction of impurities such as iron and phosphates is penalizing because it makes it difficult to meet the ASTM specifications for uranium concentrates.
- Document FR-A-2,596,383 [1] and EP-A1-0 239 501 [2] generally describe a process for extracting uranium present in phosphoric acid solutions, especially in phosphoric acid solutions obtained from iron-containing phosphate ores.
- the process of these documents uses new extracting molecules or more exactly a new synergistic mixture, implemented in a single uranium extraction / extraction cycle, which increases the uranium partition coefficient, and comprises a step selective deferrisation of the solvent by an acid upstream of the uranium removal step.
- This acid may be chosen from oxalic acid, a mixture of phosphoric and sulfuric acid, and de-ironized phosphoric acid.
- This acid prevents the phenomena of precipitation of ferric hydroxides during the extraction of uranium.
- documents FR-A-2,596,383 [1] and EP-A1-0 239 501 [2] describe a process for separating iron from a uranium-containing organic solution in which uses an extractant system consisting of a phosphine neutral oxide and an organophosphorus acid compound.
- the new extracting molecules used in the processes of documents FR-A-2,596,383 [1] and EP-A1-0 239 501 [2] are in particular those described in documents FR-A-2442 796, FR-A-2. 459,205, FR-A-2,494,258, and EP-A1-0 053 054.
- the new extractant synergistic mixture used increases the partition coefficients of uranium and iron compared with conventional solvents, but the uranium / iron selectivity is less good;
- One way of improving the extraction of uranium from an aqueous solution of phosphoric acid is to replace the synergistic mixture D12EHPA / TOPO by combining the two functions "cationic exchanger” and "solvent extractant" within a alone and even composed.
- a bifunctional extractant has the advantage of having to manage only one compound instead of two.
- the document FR-A1-2,604,919 [3] relates to a bifunctional compound comprising a phosphine oxide function and a phosphoric or thiophosphoric function, these two functions being connected to each other by a suitable spacer group, such as a ether group, thioether, polyether or polythioether.
- a suitable spacer group such as a ether group, thioether, polyether or polythioether.
- This type of compound has two disadvantages. Indeed, the tests that were carried out with one of these compounds showed that, if this compound is solubilized in n-dodecane, a third phase is formed during the extraction of the uranium, while it is solubilized in chloroform, it also forms a third phase but during the removal of uranium. However, the appearance of a third phase is completely unacceptable for a process intended to be implemented on an industrial scale. Moreover, the presence within the spacer group of a P-O or PS bond, which is readily hydro
- the organic phase produced at the end of the extraction contains iron, and no deferrisation process of this phase is proposed.
- the document WO-A1-2013 / 167516 [4] relates to bifunctional compounds which are free from the various disadvantages presented by the bifunctional compounds proposed in documents [2] to [3] mentioned above and, in particular, from the need to to reduce uranium (VI) to uranium (IV) beforehand, the formation of a third phase and the risk of hydrolysis.
- n an integer equal to 0, 1 or 2;
- R 1 and R 2 which may be identical or different, represent a linear or branched unsaturated saturated hydrocarbon group comprising from 6 to 12 carbon atoms;
- R 3 represents:
- hydrocarbon group saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, comprising 1 to 12 carbon atoms and optionally one or more heteroatoms
- hydrocarbon group, saturated or unsaturated, monocyclic, comprising from 3 to 8 carbon atoms and optionally one or more heteroatoms or
- R 2 and R 3 together form a group - (CH 2 ) n - wherein n is an integer from 1 to 4;
- R 4 represents a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, comprising from 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or a monocyclic aromatic group
- R 5 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, comprising from 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- the organic phase produced at the end of the extraction contains iron, and no deferrisation process of this phase is proposed.
- This uraniferous aqueous solution of sulfuric acid or nitric acid contains, in addition to uranium, significant impurities which were present in the ore, chiefly iron, but also silica, vanadium, molybdenum, and zirconium. .
- the organic phase produced at the end of the extraction contains iron, and no deferrisation process of this phase is proposed.
- a process for separating iron from an initial liquid organic phase containing uranium and iron in which the initial liquid organic phase with an aqueous solution called aqueous deferrisation solution, whereby the iron passes into the aqueous solution to form a final liquid aqueous phase, and the uranium remains in the initial liquid organic phase to form a so-called final liquid organic phase de-ironed organic phase; said method being characterized in that the aqueous deferrisation solution contains an inorganic acid and uranium, and does not contain iron.
- the aqueous iron removal solution contains from 0 to 10 ppm iron, preferably contains 0 ppm iron (is free of iron).
- the method of separating iron according to the invention is fundamentally different from the iron separation processes of the prior art and in particular from the process described in documents FR-A-2 596 383 [1], and EP-A-239 501 [2], in that it uses a specific aqueous deferrisation solution which contains an inorganic acid and uranium and not only an inorganic acid.
- This specific aqueous ironing solution makes it possible, surprisingly, to selectively remove iron from the organic phase loaded with uranium and iron. Indeed, it occurs during the contacting of the organic phase with the aqueous iron removal solution according to the invention a chemical shift of iron by the uranium to the aqueous phase, which thus ensures a selective deferrisation of the phase organic loaded with uranium and iron.
- the de-ironing process according to the invention overcomes the disadvantages listed above, due to the implementation during the de-ironing step of an acid selected from oxalic acid, mixtures of phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid, or phosphoric acid de-ironed. For example, there is no loss of industrial phosphoric acid in the process according to the invention.
- the method according to the invention uses only common inorganic reagents which are for example already present, inter alia, on the sites of production of phosphoric acid, which can significantly reduce the operating costs of the process.
- the method according to the invention limits the number of unit operations and eliminates the impinging impurities in an original manner by saturation of the solvent with the valorishuss materials, namely uranium.
- the method according to the invention can be successfully applied to the treatment of any organic phase whatever the nature and provenance.
- the process according to the invention may especially be applied to the treatment of an initial liquid organic phase which comprises an organic extraction system comprising an organic extractant or a mixture of organic extractant (s) diluted in a diluent. organic non-reactive and immiscible with water.
- the organic extraction system can be chosen in particular from all the extraction systems described in documents [1] to [4] and the documents FR-A-2442 796, FR-A-2 459 205, FR-A- 2 494 258, and EP-A1-0 054 054, cited above, to which reference is expressly made in this regard and whose passages relating to the extraction systems are therefore expressly included herein.
- the organic extraction system can in particular comprise an extractant chosen from organophosphorus compounds and their mixtures.
- the de-ironing process according to the invention can be successfully implemented with all these organophosphorus extractants, used alone or as a mixture.
- the organic extraction system can comprise an extractant chosen from acidic organophosphorus compounds such as dialkylphosphoric acids, bifunctional organophosphorus compounds, neutral phosphine oxides such as trialkylphosphine oxides, and mixtures thereof.
- the extraction system may comprise mixing an acidic organophosphorus compound and a phosphine neutral oxide.
- the acidic organophosphorus compound may be chosen from di (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D12EHPA), bis (1,3-dibutoxy, 2-propyl) phosphoric acid (BIDIBOPP) and bis (l) acid. 3-dihexyloxy, 2-propyl) phosphoric acid (BIDIHOPP); and the phosphine neutral oxide is selected from trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO), and di-n-hexyl octyl methoxy phosphine oxide (DinHMOPO).
- TOPO trioctylphosphine oxide
- DinHMOPO di-n-hexyl octyl methoxy phosphine oxide
- extractant system may be chosen from the following extractant mixtures:
- the extraction system may comprise a mixture of a trialkylphosphoric acid and a trialkyl phosphate, such as TBP.
- the extraction system may comprise as an extractant a compound which corresponds to the following general formula (I):
- n an integer equal to 0, 1 or 2;
- R 1 and R 2 which may be identical or different, represent a hydrocarbon group, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, comprising from 6 to 12 carbon atoms;
- R 3 represents:
- a hydrogen atom a hydrocarbon group, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, comprising from 1 to 12 carbon atoms and optionally one or more heteroatoms;
- hydrocarbon group saturated or unsaturated, monocyclic, comprising from 3 to 8 carbon atoms and optionally one or more heteroatoms;
- R 2 and R 3 together form a group - (CH 2) n - wherein n is an integer from 1 to 4;
- R 4 represents a hydrocarbon group, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, comprising from 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or a monocyclic aromatic group; while R 5 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, comprising from 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- R 1 , R 4 and R 5 are as previously defined;
- R 2 represents a hydrocarbon group, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, comprising from 6 to 12 carbon atoms;
- R 3 represents:
- hydrocarbon group saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, comprising from 1 to 12 carbon atoms and optionally one or more heteroatoms;
- hydrocarbon group saturated or unsaturated, monocyclic comprising from 3 to 8 carbon atoms and optionally one or more heteroatoms;
- hydrocarbon group saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, comprising from 6 to 12 carbon atoms
- linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group comprising from 2 to 8 carbon atoms means any linear or branched chain alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl group which comprises 2, 3, 4 , 5, 6, 7 or 8 carbon atoms.
- saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group linear or branched, comprising from 1 to 12 carbon atoms and optionally one or more heteroatoms
- heteroatom means any atom other than carbon and hydrogen, this atom typically being a nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur atom.
- hydrocarbon group saturated or unsaturated, monocyclic, comprising from 3 to 8 carbon atoms and optionally one or more heteroatoms
- any cyclic hydrocarbon group which comprises only one ring and whose ring comprises 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 carbon atoms.
- This ring can be saturated or, on the contrary, comprise one or more double or triple bonds, and can comprise one or more heteroatoms or be substituted by one or more heteroatoms or by one or more substituents comprising a heteroatom, this or these heteroatoms being typically N, O or S.
- this group can in particular be a cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl or cycloalkynyl group (for example a cyclopropane, cyclopentane, cyclohexane, cyclopropenyl, cyclopentenyl or cyclohexenyl group), a saturated heterocyclic group (for example, a tetrahydrofuryl group). , tetrahydrothiophenyl, pyrrolidinyl or piperidinyl), an unsaturated but nonaromatic heterocyclic group (eg, pyrrolinyl or pyridinyl), an aromatic group or a heteroaromatic group.
- a cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl or cycloalkynyl group for example a cyclopropane, cyclopentane, cyclohexane, cyclopropenyl, cyclopentenyl or cyclohexeny
- aromatic group means any group whose cycle satisfies Huckel's aromaticity rule and therefore has a number of delocalized ⁇ electrons equal to An + 2 (for example, a phenyl or benzyl group), while the term “heteroaromatic group” means any aromatic group such as has just been defined but whose ring comprises one or more heteroatoms, this or these heteroatoms being typically selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur (for example, a furanyl, thiophenyl or pyrrolyl group).
- the group - (CH 2) n - wherein n is an integer from 1 to 4 may be methylene, ethylene, propylene or butylene.
- R 1 and R 2 which may be the same or different, advantageously represent a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- R 1 and R 2 are identical to each other and that they both represent a branched alkyl group comprising from 8 to 10 carbon atoms, the 2-ethylhexyl group being very particularly preferred.
- R 3 advantageously represents a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or a monocyclic aryl group, preferably phenyl or ortho-, meta- or para-tolyl; while
- R 5 preferably represents a hydrogen atom.
- R 3 is hydrogen, methyl, n-octyl or phenyl.
- R 4 represents, preferably, a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 8 carbon atoms and, more preferably, from 2 to 4 carbon atoms such as ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl or tert-butyl, the ethyl and n-butyl groups being very particularly preferred.
- ethyl 1- (N, N-diethylhexylcarbamoyl) benzylphosphonate which corresponds to the above particular formula (Ia) in which m is 0, R 1 and R 2 both represent a 2-ethyl- hexyl, R 3 is phenyl, R 4 is ethyl, and R 5 is hydrogen;
- ethyl 1- (N, N-diethylhexylcarbamoyl) ethylphosphonate which corresponds to the above particular formula (Ia) in which m is 0, R 1 and R 2 both represent a 2-ethyl- hexyl, R 3 is methyl, R 4 is ethyl, and R 5 is hydrogen;
- ethyl 1- (N, N-diethylhexylcarbamoyl) nonylphosphonate which corresponds to the above particular formula (Ia) in which m is 0, R 1 and R 2 both represent a 2-ethyl- hexyl, R 3 is n-octyl, R 4 is ethyl, and R 5 is hydrogen;
- ethyl 1- (N, N-diethylhexylcarbamoyl) nonylphosphonate and, especially, butyl 1- (N, N-diethylhexylcarbamoyl) nonylphosphonate (DEHCNPB) are particularly preferred.
- R 1 advantageously represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- n is preferably 0;
- R 4 preferably represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 8 carbon atoms and, more preferably, from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, while
- R 5 represents, preferably, a hydrogen atom.
- a compound of particular formula (Ib) above having these characteristics is in particular ethyl (N-dodecylpyrrolidone) -1-phosphonate which corresponds to the particular formula (Ib) in which R 1 represents an n-dodecyl group, R 2 and R 3 together form an ethylene group (-CH 2 -CH 2 -), R 4 represents an ethyl group while R 5 represents a hydrogen atom.
- the extractant system is chosen from D12EHPA, for example at a concentration of 0.5 M; a mixture of D12EHPA, preferably at a concentration of 0.5M, and TOPO, preferably at a concentration of 0.125M; a mixture of D12EHPA, preferably at a concentration of 0.2 M, and TBP, preferably at a concentration of 0.2 M; and 1- (Diethylhexyl carbamoyl) butyl nonyl phosphonate (DEHCNPB) at a concentration of 0.1M or 0.5M.
- D12EHPA for example at a concentration of 0.5 M
- a mixture of D12EHPA preferably at a concentration of 0.5M, and TOPO, preferably at a concentration of 0.125M
- a mixture of D12EHPA preferably at a concentration of 0.2 M, and TBP, preferably at a concentration of 0.2 M
- DEHCNPB 1- (Diethylhexyl carbamoyl) but
- this aqueous uraniferous inorganic acid solution may be both an aqueous uraniferous solution of phosphoric acid, such as industrial phosphoric acid, resulting from the leaching, etching, of a natural phosphate ore, generally based on apatite, with sulfuric acid, that an aqueous solution uraniferous sulfuric acid or nitric acid resulting from the leaching, attacking a non-phosphate, for example non-apatitic uranium ore, respectively by the acid sulfuric acid or nitric acid.
- phosphoric acid such as industrial phosphoric acid
- etching of a natural phosphate ore
- sulfuric acid sulfuric acid
- an aqueous solution uraniferous sulfuric acid or nitric acid resulting from the leaching attacking a non-phosphate, for example non-apatitic uranium ore, respectively by the acid sulfuric acid or nitric acid.
- the initial organic phase contains from 0.5 to 10 g / L of uranium; and 0.1 to 10 g / L iron.
- the inorganic acid of the aqueous de-ironing solution is chosen from sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, and mixtures thereof.
- the preferred inorganic acid of the aqueous iron removal solution is sulfuric acid.
- the concentration of inorganic acid of the aqueous de-ironing solution is from 0.1 M to 18 M, preferably from 1 to 1.5 M.
- the quantity of uranium supplied by the aqueous deferrisation solution is such that the concentration of uranium in the organic phase is at least 50%, preferably at least 60%, more preferably at least equal to 70% of the uranium concentration corresponding to the uranium saturation of the organic phase.
- the uranium concentration, expressed in [U], of the aqueous de-ironing solution is from 0.10 to 800 g / l, preferably from 30 to 50 g / l, for example 40 g / l.
- the aqueous de-ironing solution does not contain iron.
- the initial organic phase is mixed with the aqueous de-ironing solution, and then said mixture is decanted.
- a final aqueous liquid phase containing the iron contained in the initial organic phase is obtained on the one hand, and a final organic phase, known as the defrosted phase containing uranium, on the other hand. was contained in the initial organic phase and not containing iron.
- de-ironed phase A definition of the terms "not containing iron” when referring this time to the final organic phase, called the de-ironed phase, is given below.
- the contacting is carried out in a battery of 1 to 5 settling mixers, for example 3 mixer-settlers, fed with countercurrent in the initial organic phase and in aqueous de-ironing solution.
- the contacting can be carried out at a temperature of 0 ° C. to 70 ° C. within the flash temperature of the organic diluent, preferably at a temperature of 40 ° C. to 45 ° C.
- the ratio of the flow rate of the initial organic phase to the flow rate of the aqueous de-ironing solution O / A is 1/5 to 5/1, for example 1/1.
- the final aqueous phase contains more than 90% of the mass of the iron contained in the initial organic phase, and less than 1% of the mass of uranium contained in the initial organic phase, and the de-ironized organic phase contains at least 90 % of the mass of uranium contained in the initial organic phase, and less than 10% of the mass of iron contained in the initial organic phase.
- the final organic phase called de-ironed organic phase, contains less than 10 ppm of iron, preferably 0 ppm of iron (is iron-free).
- the process according to the invention a selective elimination of iron is obtained which can be greater than 90% in a contact.
- the weight ratio Fe / U in the de-ironized organic phase is generally less than 0.15%, which is in accordance with ASTM specifications.
- the invention furthermore relates to a process for extracting uranium from a first aqueous solution of an inorganic acid containing uranium and iron, in which at least the following successive steps are carried out :
- inorganic acid and secondly, a second aqueous phase containing the inorganic acid, a minority in mass of the amount of uranium contained in the aqueous solution of inorganic acid and a majority in mass of the amount of iron contained in the aqueous solution of inorganic acid;
- the aqueous deferrisation solution contains an inorganic acid and uranium, and does not contain iron.
- step b) is carried out by the de-ironing process according to the invention as it has been discussed above, and the entire description of the iron removal process provided above fully applies to step b).
- the second liquid organic phase treated during step b) corresponds to the second liquid organic phase of step a) treated by the iron removal process according to the invention.
- the third aqueous solution, called an aqueous deferrisation solution corresponds to the aqueous deferrisation solution used in the de-ironing process according to the invention and has been described in detail above.
- the first liquid organic phase is different from the second organic phase in that it contains neither uranium nor iron and is therefore exclusively composed of organic compounds.
- this first organic phase may consist of an organic extraction system comprising an organic extractant or a mixture of organic extractant (s) diluted in an organic non-reactive diluent and immiscible with water.
- organic extraction system has already been described in detail above.
- the second organic phase obtained contains at least 90% by weight, for example from 95 to 100% by weight, of the quantity of uranium contained in the first aqueous inorganic acid solution (starting solution ), and from 0.1 to 50% by weight of the amount of iron contained in the first aqueous solution of inorganic acid; and the second aqueous desuranium phase obtained contains the inorganic acid, from 0 to 10% by weight of the amount of uranium, and from 50 to 99.9%, for example from 80 to 90% by weight of the amount of iron. contained in the first aqueous solution of inorganic acid (starting solution).
- the second organic phase obtained at the end of step a) contains from 0.5 to 10 g / l of uranium, and from 0.1 to 10 g / l of iron
- the second aqueous phase obtained at the end of step a) contains from 0 to 100 mg / l of uranium, and from 0.1 to 6 g / l of iron.
- the process according to the invention is fundamentally different from the processes of the prior art, in that the de-ironing step b) is carried out with an aqueous solution of specific deferrisation that contains an inorganic acid and uranium, and that does not contain iron.
- the deferrisation step b) is carried out by implementing the iron removal process according to the invention as described above, and therefore has all the advantages inherent to this iron removal process.
- This aqueous de-ironing solution surprisingly makes it possible to selectively remove iron from the second organic phase, or solvent phase loaded with uranium, and iron.
- step a) it occurs during the contacting of the organic phase or solvent phase obtained in step a) with the aqueous iron removal solution according to the invention a chemical shift of iron by uranium to the aqueous phase. which thus ensures a selective deferrisation of the organic phase, loaded with uranium and iron.
- the process according to the invention does not have the disadvantages, defects, limitations and disadvantages of the processes of the prior art and solves the problems of the processes of the prior art.
- the method according to the invention especially during the de-ironing step uses only inorganic reagents that are already present on the phosphoric acid production sites. For example, it is particularly advantageous to use sulfuric acid which is widely available at phosphoric acid production sites because large quantities of sulfuric acid are consumed during the leaching of phosphate ores.
- the process according to the invention while being more economical, allows, among other things, a selective removal of iron by chemical displacement while avoiding the loss of uranium and the iron precipitation phenomena which hinder the conduct of the process.
- the process according to the invention limits the number of unit operations and eliminates the impinging impurities by saturation of the solvent with the recoverable materials, namely uranium.
- the inorganic acid of the first aqueous inorganic acid solution of step a) is a solution of phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid or nitric acid.
- the first aqueous solution of inorganic acid of step a) contains from 0.1 to 10 g / l of iron, and from 0.05 to 10 g / l of uranium.
- phosphoric acid such as industrial phosphoric acid, resulting from leaching, etching, of a natural phosphate ore, generally based on apatite, with sulfuric acid, or an aqueous uraniferous solution of sulfuric acid or nitric acid, resulting from the leaching, etching of a non-phosphated uranium ore, for example non-apatitic, by respectively sulfuric acid or nitric acid as previously described.
- phosphoric acid such as industrial phosphoric acid, resulting from leaching, etching, of a natural phosphate ore, generally based on apatite, with sulfuric acid, or an aqueous uraniferous solution of sulfuric acid or nitric acid, resulting from the leaching, etching of a non-phosphated uranium ore, for example non-apatitic, by respectively sulfuric acid or nitric acid as previously described.
- step a) is carried out at a temperature of 30 ° C to 35 ° C, in a battery of 5 mixer-decanters supplied with countercurrent in the organic phase and in the aqueous phase, and with a ratio of the flow rate of the organic phase at the flow rate of the aqueous phase O / A of 1/6 to 1/8, for example 1/7.
- the method according to the invention may further comprise a step c) in which the de-ironed organic phase obtained in step b) is brought into contact with a solution aqueous complexing base; whereby one obtains on the one hand an aqueous phase loaded with uranium and on the other hand an organic phase free of uranium, and further containing the complexing base.
- the complexing base is an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonate such as sodium carbonate.
- the process according to the invention may also comprise a step d) in which the uranium-free organic phase, additionally containing the complexing base obtained in step c), is brought into contact with the aqueous phase resulting from the step b) and neutralized, whereby one obtains firstly an organic phase consisting of the organic solvent which is returned in step a) and secondly an aqueous phase.
- the process according to the invention may furthermore comprise a step e) in which the uranium-loaded aqueous phase obtained in step c) is brought into contact with a base such as sodium hydroxide, whereby a precipitate is obtained.
- a base such as sodium hydroxide
- uranate such as sodium uranate, which is separated, and an aqueous solution which is sent in step c) after addition of a complexing base.
- uranate precipitate such as sodium uranate, obtained in step e
- an inorganic acid such as sulfuric acid
- the resulting aqueous solution containing an acid inorganic and uranium is sent to step b) after possibly adjusting the concentration of inorganic acid.
- Figure 1 is a block diagram of the method according to the invention. It should be noted that all the indications given in Figure 1 without exception, for example concerning the reagents used, concentrations, temperatures, etc. are only an example and in no way constitute a limitation.
- Figure 2 is a graph which shows the kinetic profiles of the selective de-ironing efficiency of the solvent for different initial concentrations of uranium: namely 0 g / L (curve A), 10 g / L (curve B), 20 g / L ( curve C), 30 g / L (curve D), 35 g / L (curve E), 40 g / L (curve F), 50 g / L (curve G), 60 g / L (curve H), 70 g / L (curve I), 100 g / L (curve J), in the aqueous phase during the complementary tests of Example 2.
- Figure 3 is a graph which gives the deferrisation efficiency (or removal of Fe in%) of the loaded solvents A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, L, I, J, K, and M prepared.
- Example 4 in contact with either 1.5 M pure sulfuric acid (for each test A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, L, I, J, K, and M: left bar), or with 1.5 M sulfuric acid containing uranium (for each test: right bar).
- the detailed description which is made relates to an embodiment of the process according to the invention, of extracting uranium from an aqueous solution of mineral acid, containing uranium and iron, in which the solution aqueous mineral acid is an aqueous solution of phosphoric acid containing uranium and iron.
- the aqueous solution of phosphoric acid containing uranium and iron which is treated by the process according to the invention generally has a concentration expressed as P2O5 of 26. % to 32% by weight, preferably from 28% to 32% by weight, for example from 28% to 30% by weight, expressed as P2O5.
- the aqueous solution of phosphoric acid treated by the process according to the invention generally contains from 0.05 to 1 g / l of uranium, in particular from 0.08 to 0.4 g / l of uranium (expressed in [U ]).
- the uranium in this aqueous solution is generally in solution in the form of U (VI) and U (IV), the latter to be the subject of a preliminary oxidation stage in U (VI).
- the aqueous solution of phosphoric acid treated by the process according to the invention generally contains from 0.1 to 10 g / l of iron, in particular from 1 to 6 g / l of iron.
- This aqueous solution is generally an aqueous solution, called etching solution, obtained during the attack of phosphate ores with sulfuric acid.
- the phosphoric acid solution containing uranium and iron may undergo one or more pretreatment steps (2), in particular a flash cooling step, then a step of solid / liquid separation, then an oxidation step for example with hydrogen peroxide.
- the cooling step allows for example to cool the attack solution, which is hot.
- the solid / liquid separation step makes it possible to separate the gypsum into supersaturation in the solution.
- the oxidation step for example with hydrogen peroxide or with another oxidant such as NaClO 3, makes it possible to oxidize uranium in the form of U (IV) in uranium in the form of U (VI ).
- the aqueous solution of phosphoric acid (1) is brought into contact with a solvent of organic extraction (4) comprising a single extractant or a synergistic extractant mixture, diluted in an organic immiscible diluent and non-reactive with water.
- synergistic extractant mixture it is meant that this mixture has extractive properties greater than or substantially greater than the extractive properties obtained by the simple addition of the extractive properties of each of the extractants that constitute the extractant mixture.
- extractants and synergistic extractant mixtures are known to those skilled in this field of the art and are given for example in documents [1] to [4] and documents FR-A- 2 442 796, FR-A-2 459 205, FR-A-2 494 258 and EP-A1-0 053 054 cited above to the description of which we can in this regard refer.
- Preferred sole extractants used are D12EHPA, preferably at a concentration of 0.5M.
- Other preferred sole extractants are the bifunctional extractants of the document [4] described above as DEHCNPB, preferably at a concentration of 0.1 M to 0.5 M.
- the synergistic extractant mixtures may consist, for example, of a neutral phosphine oxide and an acidic organophosphorus compound, in particular a mixture of a dialkylphosphoric acid and a trialkylphosphine oxide.
- the acidic organophosphorus compound of the mixture such as a dialkylphosphoric acid
- the acidic organophosphorus compound of the mixture is chosen from bis (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D12EHPA), 1,3-dibutoxypropylphosphoric acid (BIDIBOPP) and the acid. 1,3-dihexyloxypropylphosphoric acid (BIDIHOPP); and the neutral phosphine oxide is selected from trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) and di-n-hexyl octyl methoxy phosphine oxide (DinHMOPO).
- TOPO trioctylphosphine oxide
- DinHMOPO di-n-hexyl octyl methoxy phosphine oxide
- Preferred extractant mixtures of this type are:
- a particularly preferred synergistic extractant mixture is a mixture of D 2 EHPA and TOPO, preferably a mixture of 0.5 MD 2 EHPA and 0.125 M TOPO.
- Another synergistic extractant mixture is a mixture of D2EHPA and TBP, preferably a mixture of 0.2 M D2EHPA and 0.2 M TBP: this is the mixture used in the "DAPEX" process.
- the immiscible organic diluent which is not reactive with water is generally chosen from liquid hydrocarbons.
- liquid hydrocarbons may be chosen from aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as n-heptane and n-octane, and mixtures thereof.
- aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene
- aliphatic hydrocarbons such as n-heptane and n-octane
- a hydrocarbon mixture which is suitable as a diluent according to the invention is kerosene.
- ShellSol ® can thus be suitable for use in organic diluent.
- hydrocarbon mixtures suitable as a diluent of the invention are products available under the name ISANE as TEA ® ® IP 185.
- This extraction step can be performed in static mode or in dynamic mode.
- This extraction step can be carried out in any suitable extraction apparatus, for example in one or more settling mixers, and / or in one or more agitated or pulsed columns.
- this extraction step is carried out with a battery of mixer-settlers operating in dynamic against the current, that is to say with the organic phase and the aqueous phase circulating counter-current Tune of the other since the first, respectively the last, mixer-settlers, to the last, respectively first mixer-settlers.
- the number of mixer-settlers can range from 1 to 10, in particular from 1 to 5. Preferably, 5 mixer-settlers, in other words 5 stages of mixing-decantation are implemented.
- the organic phase feed can then take place for example in stage 1, while the aqueous phase feed takes place for example in stage 5.
- the overall O / A ratio for the entire mixer-settler battery, all the stages, is generally 1/6, ie 0.1667, at 1/8 or 0.1250, depending on the initial concentration of the mixture. uranium in the starting phosphoric acid solution.
- O / A designates the ratio of the flow rate of the organic phase to the flow rate of the aqueous phase.
- This process step is generally carried out at a temperature of 10 ° C to 60 ° C, especially 10 ° C to 50 ° C. It can be carried out at room temperature, for example 20 ° C to 25 ° C, but it is preferably carried out at a temperature of 30 ° C to 35 ° C, which makes it possible to obtain a kinetic of extraction of l relatively fast uranium.
- the mixing time per mixer is generally 0.5 to 5 minutes, preferably 2 minutes, when operating within the preferred temperature range indicated above.
- the residence time in the decanters, per stage is generally 2 to 10 minutes, preferably 5 minutes, when operating in the preferred temperature range indicated above.
- the extraction efficiency of the uranium during this step is generally greater than or equal to 95%, preferably greater than or equal to 97%, more preferably greater than or equal to 98%.
- the leakage of uranium is generally less than or equal to 10 mg / l, preferably less than or equal to 5 mg / l, more preferably less than or equal to 3 mg / l.
- an organic phase (5) is thus obtained on the one hand, which contains from 90 to 100% by weight, for example 95% by weight, of the amount of uranium contained in the aqueous solution of phosphoric acid (starting solution), and from 0.1 to 10% by weight of the iron contained in the aqueous solution of phosphoric acid; and on the other hand a deurane aqueous phase (6) which contains phosphoric acid, from 0 to 10% by weight of the uranium, and from 80% to 99.9% by weight of the iron contained in the aqueous solution of phosphoric acid (starting solution).
- the organic phase (5) obtained at the end of the extraction step (a) (3) therefore generally contains from 0.5 to 10 g / l. uranium and 0.1 to 10 g / L. of iron while the phase
- a de-watered aqueous solution (6) obtained after step a) generally contains from 0 to 100 mg / l. uranium and 0.1 to 6 g / L. of iron.
- the deurane aqueous phase (6) may optionally be subjected to one or more post-treatments (7) chosen, for example, from a coalescence treatment and an activated carbon treatment in order, in particular, to eliminate organic matter (resulting from a training of the organic phase in the aqueous phase), and the phosphoric acid thus recovered, which has a concentration expressed as P2O5 of from 26% to 32% by weight, preferably from 28% to 32% by weight, for example from 28% to 30% by weight, analogous to the starting phosphoric acid, can then be used for example in fertilizer production plants.
- post-treatments (7) chosen, for example, from a coalescence treatment and an activated carbon treatment in order, in particular, to eliminate organic matter (resulting from a training of the organic phase in the aqueous phase)
- the phosphoric acid thus recovered which has a concentration expressed as P2O5 of from 26% to 32% by weight, preferably from 28% to 32% by weight, for example from 28% to 30% by weight, analogous to
- the organic phase (5) obtained at the end of step a) (3), or extraction step generally has a significant Fe / U ratio of the order of 0.1 to 1, in particular of 0, 5.
- step b) the organic phase (5) obtained in step a) is brought into contact with an aqueous iron removal solution (9).
- the aqueous iron removal solution (9) contains an inorganic acid and uranium, and does not contain iron.
- the inorganic acid of the aqueous de-ironing solution (9) may be chosen from sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, and mixtures thereof.
- the preferred inorganic acid of the aqueous iron removal solution is sulfuric acid.
- the concentration of inorganic acid of the aqueous iron removal solution such as sulfuric acid is from 1 to 1.5 M.
- the uranium concentration of the aqueous de-ironing solution is preferably 35 to 40 g / l, for example 40 g / l.
- the initial concentration of uranium is a key parameter on the yields of selective deferrisation of the solvent.
- the technico-economic optimum seems to be included in the aforementioned range of 35 to 40 g / l of uranium initially contained in the aqueous influent for an elimination of iron of the order of 90% in a contact.
- This process step is generally carried out at a temperature of 10 ° C to 50 ° C.
- It can be carried out at room temperature, for example 20 ° C to 25 ° C, but is preferably carried out at a temperature of 40 ° C to 45 ° C.
- the adequate contact time at 40 ° C seems to be between 5 and 10 minutes instead of 30 minutes required at 20 ° C.
- This deferrisation step (8) can be implemented in any suitable contacting apparatus, and be performed in static mode or in dynamic mode.
- this de-ironing step (8) is carried out with a battery of mixer-settlers operating in counter-current dynamics.
- the number of mixer-settlers can range from 1 to 5.
- 3 mixer-settlers in other words 3 stages of mixing-decantation are implemented.
- the organic phase feed (5) takes place in stage 1, while the aqueous phase feed (9) takes place in stage 3 which is also called "super stage".
- the overall O / A ratio for the entire battery of mixer-settlers, all stages, is generally 1/5 to 5/1.
- a preferred overall O / A ratio is 1/1.
- the contact time is generally of the order of 10 minutes for stage 3, that is to say for the stage of the aqueous feed, and 3 minutes for the other two stages.
- the residence time in the decanter is generally 5 minutes maximum.
- step b) an aqueous phase (10) containing from 50% to 90% of the iron contained in the organic phase (5) obtained in step a) is obtained on the one hand and on the other hand a de-ironized organic phase (11) containing at least 85% by weight of the uranium contained in the organic phase (5) obtained in step a) and not containing iron, free of iron.
- de-ironed iron-free
- not containing iron is generally meant that this organic phase (11) contains less than 10 mg / L of iron, for example 5 mg / L of iron, or even 0 mg / L of iron.
- the organic phase (11) obtained at the end of the iron removal stage b) (8) therefore generally contains from 0.5 to 60 g / l. uranium and from 0 to 10 mg / L. of iron, while the deurane aqueous phase (10) obtained at the end of step b) therefore generally contains from 0 to 1 g / L. uranium and 0 to 2 g / L. of iron.
- This aqueous phase (10) is an acid phase containing the inorganic acid described above.
- the method according to the invention also generally comprises a step c), also called the uranium extraction step (12), in which the de-ironed and uranium-laden organic phase (11) obtained at the end of the step b) de-ironing the solvent is brought into contact with an aqueous solution of a complexing base (13).
- a step c also called the uranium extraction step (12) in which the de-ironed and uranium-laden organic phase (11) obtained at the end of the step b) de-ironing the solvent is brought into contact with an aqueous solution of a complexing base (13).
- the complexing base may be selected from alkali metal carbonates, such as sodium carbonate, alkaline earth metal carbonates, and ammonium carbonates.
- the concentration of complexing base such as sodium carbonate of the aqueous solution is generally 1 to 2 M, for example 1.5 M.
- This de-extraction step (12) can be performed in static mode or in dynamic mode. It can be carried out in any suitable extraction apparatus.
- This de-extraction step (12) is generally carried out with a battery of mixer-settlers operating in counter-current dynamics.
- the number of mixer-settlers can range from 1 to 5. Preferably, 3 mixer-settlers, in other words 3 stages of mixing-decantation are implemented.
- the organic phase feed (11) can take place, for example, in stage 1, while the aqueous phase feed (13) can take place, for example, in stage 3.
- the overall O / A ratio for the entire battery of mixer-settlers, all the stages, is generally 1/2 to 2/1, depending on the initial concentration of the uranium in the starting organic phase. .
- a preferred overall O / A ratio is 1/1.
- This process (20) of uranium extraction (12) is generally carried out at a temperature of 10 ° C to 50 ° C.
- the uranium (12) de-extraction step is thus preferably carried out at a temperature of 40 ° C. to 45 ° C., which makes it possible to obtain relatively rapid uranium extraction kinetics.
- the mixing time is generally from 1 to 10 minutes, preferably 5 minutes, when operating within the preferred temperature range indicated above.
- an aqueous phase loaded with uranium (14) and an organic phase (15) consisting of the organic solvent are obtained on the one hand, free of uranium.
- the aqueous phase loaded with uranium (14) generally contains from 5 to 80 g / l. uranium and from 0 to 100 mg / L. of iron and the uranium-free organic phase (15) generally contains from 0 to 100 mg / L. uranium and from 0 to 10 mg / L. of iron.
- the method according to the invention furthermore comprises, in general, a step d), called the acidification step of the solvent (16), in which the uranium-free organic phase (15), furthermore containing the complexing base derived from step c) (12) -in other words the disolved solvent from the uranium desextraction step (12) - is brought into contact with the aqueous phase (10) resulting from step b), that is to say the de-ironing step of the solvent (8).
- the acid titre could possibly be adjusted if necessary.
- This acidification stage of the solvent (16) can be carried out in static mode or in dynamic mode.
- This acidification step (16) can be carried out in any suitable contacting apparatus.
- This acidification step (16) is generally carried out with a mixer-settler or a battery of mixer-settlers, for example from 1 to 8 mixer-decanters operating in dynamic against the current.
- a single mixer-settler in other words a single mixing-settling stage is implemented.
- the overall O / A ratio for the single mixer-decanter, or for the entire mixer-decanter battery, all stages, is generally 1/5 to 5/1.
- a preferred overall O / A ratio is 1/1.
- This acidification step (16) of the process according to the invention is generally carried out at a temperature of 10 ° C. to 50 ° C.
- It can be performed at room temperature, for example 20 ° C to 25 ° C, but an increase in the operating temperature can improve performance.
- the acidification step (16) is thus preferably carried out at a temperature of 40 ° C to 45 ° C.
- the mixing time is generally 1 to 10 minutes per stage, preferably 5 minutes, when operating in the preferred temperature range indicated above.
- an organic phase (4) consisting of the organic solvent regenerated in acid form which is sent to the extraction step a) is obtained on the one hand ( 3) and on the other hand an aqueous phase (17).
- This aqueous phase (17) contains iron, for example at a rate of 0 to 2 g / L, and the inorganic acid which was contained in the aqueous ironing solution used during the iron removal stage b) at a rate of concentration from 1 to 1.5 M.
- This aqueous phase (17) can be valorized.
- the inorganic acid is sulfuric acid, this aqueous phase (17) can be recycled to a leach stage of phosphate ore (18).
- the aqueous phase loaded with uranium (14) obtained at the end of the uranium de-extraction step is generally treated in a step e), called the uranate precipitation step (19) during which this aqueous phase charged with uranium (14) is brought into contact with a base (20) such as sodium hydroxide whereby a precipitate of uranate such as sodium uranate which is separated, and an aqueous solution free of uranium are obtained.
- a base (20) such as sodium hydroxide
- the uranium contained in the aqueous phase loaded with uranium obtained at the end of the uranium stripping step (12) can be in various forms.
- the complexing base is an alkali or alkaline earth metal carbonate, such as sodium carbonate
- the uranium is in the form of alkali or alkaline earth metal uranyl tricarbonate, such as sodium uranyl tricarbonate.
- the uranium is thus precipitated by adding a base (20) such as sodium hydroxide to the aqueous phase (14), for example at a temperature of 80 ° C. for a period of 1 hour.
- a base (20) such as sodium hydroxide
- a precipitate of uranate for example sodium diuranate, is thus obtained.
- SDU uranate of soda
- This uranate precipitate is separated by any suitable solid-liquid separation process, for example by filtration.
- All or part (22) of this uranate precipitate such as sodium uranate obtained in the precipitation step e) (19), can be dissolved during a so-called redissolution step of the uranate (23), in an inorganic acid (24) such as sulfuric acid, at a pH of, for example, 3 to 3.5.
- the inorganic acid (24) used for the dissolution can be chosen from the same acids as those already mentioned for the aqueous de-ironing solution, namely, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, acid phosphoric acid, and mixtures thereof.
- the preferred inorganic acid is sulfuric acid.
- an aqueous solution of dissolution containing an inorganic acid such as sulfuric acid and uranium in the form of uranyl sulphate is thus obtained.
- aqueous dissolution solution (25) can be sent in step b) (8) to serve as an aqueous deferrisation solution (9) after a possible adjustment of the acid concentration to obtain the acid concentration. desired for the acidic aqueous solution, uraniée, déferrisation (9).
- inorganic acid such as sulfuric acid
- aqueous solution of dissolution (25) may be carried out on the pipe conveying the aqueous solution of dissolution (25).
- the concentration of the inorganic acid of the aqueous iron removal solution (9) such as sulfuric acid is advantageously 1 to 1.5 M, and the uranium concentration of the The aqueous de-ironing solution is advantageously from 35 to 40 g / l, for example 40 g / l.
- All or part (27) of the uranate precipitate can be placed in containers such as drums during a so-called "firing" stage of the uranate (28).
- All or part (29) of the aqueous dissolution solution of uranate can optionally be sent to an optional precipitation step (30) with hydrogen peroxide (31), generally carried out at room temperature, at the end of from which a precipitate of uranium peroxide UO 4 (32) is obtained which may optionally be separated by any suitable solid-liquid separation process, for example by filtration.
- an optional precipitation step (30) with hydrogen peroxide (31) generally carried out at room temperature, at the end of from which a precipitate of uranium peroxide UO 4 (32) is obtained which may optionally be separated by any suitable solid-liquid separation process, for example by filtration.
- the precipitate of uranium peroxide can then be placed in containers such as drums during a so-called "firing" stage of the UO 4 (33).
- the method according to the invention implements, for example twelve mixing-settling stages.
- Aqueous de-ironing solution H 2 S0 4 3 M containing uranium at a variable concentration;
- the kinetics of uranium and iron de-extraction of the solvent are determined by the analytical monitoring of the concentrations in the aqueous phase after contact with the solvent.
- Aqueous de-ironing solution H 2 S0 4 3 M containing uranium at a variable concentration;
- the kinetics of uranium and iron de-extraction of the solvent are determined by the analytical monitoring of the concentrations in the aqueous phase after contact with the solvent.
- Figure 2 shows the kinetic profiles of the selective deferrization efficiency of the solvent for different initial uranium concentrations (ie 0 g / L, 10 g / L, 20 g / L, 30 g / L, 35 g / L 40 g / L, 50 g / L, 60 g / L, 70 g / L, 100 g / L) in the aqueous phase during the further tests of Example 2.
- initial uranium concentrations ie 0 g / L, 10 g / L, 20 g / L, 30 g / L, 35 g / L 40 g / L, 50 g / L, 60 g / L, 70 g / L, 100 g / L
- tests are carried out in which the process according to the invention for separating iron and from a liquid organic phase is carried out in a battery of 3 mixer-settlers (MD) operating in a counter-dynamic mode. current.
- MD 3 mixer-settlers
- Useful volume 50 ml mixer and 200 ml decanter for stage 3; - Useful volume: mixer of 30 ml and decanter of 200 ml for stages 1 and
- samples on the organic phases and the aqueous phases are made to quantify the profiles of concentration on each of the 3 stages as well as the deferrisation efficiency resulting from the balance on the organic phases.
- uranium-loaded solvents or extraction systems are prepared by contacting etching liquids charged with uranium with solvents.
- an attack liquor or sulfuric solution, an attack liquor or phosphoric solution, and an attack liquor or nitric solution are prepared.
- Phosphoric and sulfuric acid liquors are prepared from industrial juices.
- the sulfuric acid etching liquor comes from vanadium and zirconium-doped ore leach juice (see Table IV).
- the phosphoric acid etching liquor comes from a US industrial phosphoric acid SIMPLOT diluted in half and doped with uranium (see Table V).
- the nitric attack liquor was, in turn, prepared from nitric acid, uranyl nitrate and iron (III) sulfate (see Table VI).
- Such solvents include organophosphorus extractant an organic or a mixture of extractant (s) organic (s) organophosphate, diluted in a non-reactive organic diluent and immiscible with water namely an aliphatic kerosene (ISANE ® IP 185).
- organophosphorus extractant an organic or a mixture of extractant (s) organic (s) organophosphate, diluted in a non-reactive organic diluent and immiscible with water namely an aliphatic kerosene (ISANE ® IP 185).
- TOPO trioctyl phosphine oxide
- TBP tributyl phosphate
- a third step the solvents described above are brought into contact with the attack liquors previously prepared during the first step.
- the contacting is carried out for 30 minutes at room temperature (25 ° C.) with a phase volume ratio O / A of 1/1, the volume of the aqueous phase A and of the organic phase being each of 100 ml. .
- the charged solvents resulting from contacting with the sulfuric solution are generally charged to 3 g / l of uranium, between 0.5 and 1 g / l of iron, 200 mg / l of molybdenum and vanadium.
- the charged solvents resulting from contacting with the phosphoric solution are generally charged to 1 g / L of uranium with variable impurity contents, especially for iron and vanadium.
- Molybdenum meanwhile, has very little charge on all solvents; this being linked to the very low initial concentration of molybdenum in the phosphoric liquor and / or to the highly complexing nature of this matrix,
- the D 2 EHPA / TBP mixture seems to be the most selective system for extraction under our conditions since the concentrations of iron, molybdenum and vanadium are very low.
- the solvents resulting from the contact with the nitric solution are globally charged to 3 g / L of uranium and iron, except for the D2EHPA / TBP system for which the iron concentration is twice as low.
- aqueous solutions so-called aqueous de-ironing solutions intended to be put in contact with the charged solvents prepared in Example 4, are prepared for the purpose of separating the iron from these charged organic solvents.
- Two aqueous solutions are prepared (see Table XI): namely a 1.5 M pure sulfuric acid solution (which does not comply with the aqueous iron removal solution used in the process of the invention) which constitutes the reference aqueous solution, and a solution of 1.5 M sulfuric acid containing uranium at a rate of 40 g / L (in accordance with the aqueous deferrisation solution used in the process of the invention) which constitutes the aqueous solution of study.
- the tests carried out with the reference solution will be identified by the number 1 following the letter designating the charged solvent brought into contact with the aqueous solution, whereas the tests carried out with the solution according to the process according to the invention will be identified. by the number 2 following the letter designating the charged solvent brought into contact with the aqueous solution.
- the analytical uncertainty is between 5 and 10% depending on the element under consideration.
- the material balance calculated is generally checked for all elements analyzed to within 5%.
- the material balance calculated is generally checked for all elements analyzed to 5%.
- the analytical uncertainty is between 5 and 10% depending on the element under consideration.
- the calculated material balance is globally verified for all elements analyzed at 5% near.
- the material balance calculated is generally checked for all elements analyzed to 5%.
- the analytical uncertainty is between 5 and 10% depending on the element under consideration.
- the deferrisation yields are shown in FIG. 3 for all the tests of Examples 6, 7 and 8 as a function of the aqueous iron removal solutions used, namely the solution of 1.5 M pure sulfuric acid (which does not is not in accordance with the aqueous deferrisation solution used in the process of the invention) which constitutes the reference aqueous solution, and the solution of 1.5 M sulfuric acid containing uranium at a rate of 40 g / Which conforms to the aqueous iron removal solution used in the process of the invention).
- the de-ironing yields obtained in a contact are generally less than 20% in the case of the reference aqueous solution (pure solution of sulfuric acid), except for the D and M tests with deferrisation efficiencies of the order of 80 and 50% respectively.
- the deferrisation yields obtained in one contact are 90% in the case of the uraniferous sulfuric acid solution, except for tests B and H for which the yield is of the order of 70%.
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Priority Applications (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| MA41660A MA41660B1 (fr) | 2015-06-30 | 2016-06-29 | Procede de separation du fer d'une phase organique contenant de l'uranium et procede d'extraction de l'uranium d'une solution aqueuse d'acide mineral contenant de l'uranium et du fer. |
| BR112017028091A BR112017028091A2 (pt) | 2015-06-30 | 2016-06-29 | ?método para a separação do ferro a partir de uma fase orgânica e método para a extração de urânio? |
| CN201680037714.7A CN107810283A (zh) | 2015-06-30 | 2016-06-29 | 从含有铀的有机相分离铁的方法和从含有铀和铁的矿物酸的水性溶液萃取铀的方法 |
| AU2016286275A AU2016286275A1 (en) | 2015-06-30 | 2016-06-29 | Method for separating iron from an organic phase containing uranium and method for extracting uranium from an aqueous solution of mineral acid containing uranium and iron |
| TNP/2017/000545A TN2017000545A1 (fr) | 2015-06-30 | 2016-06-29 | Procede de separation du fer d'une phase organique contenant de l'uranium et procede d'extraction de l'uranium d'une solution aqueuse d'acide mineral contenant de l'uranium et du fer. |
| US15/738,441 US20180187290A1 (en) | 2015-06-30 | 2016-06-29 | Method for separating iron from an organic phase containing uranium and method for extracting uranium from an aqueous solution of mineral acid containing uranium and iron |
| CA2990559A CA2990559A1 (fr) | 2015-06-30 | 2016-06-29 | Procede de separation du fer d'une phase organique contenant de l'uranium et procede d'extraction de l'uranium d'une solution aqueuse d'acide mineral contenant de l'uranium et du fer |
| IL256574A IL256574A (en) | 2015-06-30 | 2017-12-25 | A method for separating iron from an organic phase containing uranium and a method for extracting uranium from an aqueous solution of a mineral acid containing uranium and iron |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1556181 | 2015-06-30 | ||
| FR1556181A FR3038326A1 (fr) | 2015-06-30 | 2015-06-30 | Procede de separation du fer d'une phase organique contenant de l'uranium et procede d'extraction de l'uranium d'une solution aqueuse d'acide mineral contenant de l'uranium et du fer |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2017001494A1 true WO2017001494A1 (fr) | 2017-01-05 |
Family
ID=55361569
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2016/065169 Ceased WO2017001494A1 (fr) | 2015-06-30 | 2016-06-29 | Procede de separation du fer d'une phase organique contenant de l'uranium et procede d'extraction de l'uranium d'une solution aqueuse d'acide mineral contenant de l'uranium et du fer |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20180187290A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN107810283A (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU2016286275A1 (fr) |
| BR (1) | BR112017028091A2 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2990559A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3038326A1 (fr) |
| IL (1) | IL256574A (fr) |
| MA (1) | MA41660B1 (fr) |
| TN (1) | TN2017000545A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2017001494A1 (fr) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111254296B (zh) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-12-22 | 中南大学 | 一种具有苯乙烯基膦酸双酯结构的铀萃取剂及其应用 |
| CN114388159B (zh) * | 2021-12-23 | 2025-01-21 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | 分相方法及装置、以及乏燃料后处理厂萃取分离方法及系统 |
| CN117383621A (zh) * | 2023-10-12 | 2024-01-12 | 核工业北京化工冶金研究院 | 一种从优溶渣盐酸浸出液中萃取回收铁红的方法 |
| CN117587277B (zh) * | 2023-11-13 | 2025-04-29 | 湖南中核金原新材料有限责任公司 | 一种分步沉淀制备重铀酸盐的方法 |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1517263A (en) * | 1976-03-08 | 1978-07-12 | Freeport Minerals Co | Removing iron from an organic extractant containing uranium and iron especially from the extractant used in the recovery of uranium from wet process phosphoric acid |
| FR2442796A1 (fr) | 1978-11-28 | 1980-06-27 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de recuperation de l'uranium present dans les solutions d'acide phosphorique |
| FR2459205A2 (fr) | 1979-06-15 | 1981-01-09 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de recuperation de l'uranium present dans une solution d'acide phosphorique |
| FR2461681A1 (fr) * | 1979-07-20 | 1981-02-06 | Rhone Poulenc Ind | Perfectionnement au procede de recuperation de l'uranium d'un acide phosphorique impur |
| FR2494258A1 (fr) | 1980-11-14 | 1982-05-21 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de recuperation de l'uranium present dans des solutions d'acide phosphorique |
| EP0239501A1 (fr) | 1986-03-28 | 1987-09-30 | Compagnie Generale Des Matieres Nucleaires (Cogema) | Procédé de séparation du fer à partir d'une solution organique contenant de l'uranium |
| FR2604919A1 (fr) | 1986-09-10 | 1988-04-15 | Yeda Res & Dev | Agents d'extraction organo-phosphores bifonctionnels et polymeres pour la recuperation d'uranium |
| WO2013167516A1 (fr) | 2012-05-07 | 2013-11-14 | Areva Mines | Nouveaux composés bifonctionnels utiles comme ligands de l'uranium(vi), leurs procédés de synthèse et leurs utilisations |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6645453B2 (en) * | 2001-09-07 | 2003-11-11 | Secretary, Department Of Atomic Energy, Government Of India | Solvent extraction process for recovery of uranium from phosphoric acid (25-55% P205) |
| CN103397184B (zh) * | 2013-07-31 | 2014-12-03 | 南昌航空大学 | 一种反萃取分离叔胺有机相中铀和铁的方法 |
-
2015
- 2015-06-30 FR FR1556181A patent/FR3038326A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
2016
- 2016-06-29 US US15/738,441 patent/US20180187290A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2016-06-29 BR BR112017028091A patent/BR112017028091A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2016-06-29 WO PCT/EP2016/065169 patent/WO2017001494A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2016-06-29 TN TNP/2017/000545A patent/TN2017000545A1/fr unknown
- 2016-06-29 AU AU2016286275A patent/AU2016286275A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2016-06-29 CN CN201680037714.7A patent/CN107810283A/zh active Pending
- 2016-06-29 MA MA41660A patent/MA41660B1/fr unknown
- 2016-06-29 CA CA2990559A patent/CA2990559A1/fr not_active Abandoned
-
2017
- 2017-12-25 IL IL256574A patent/IL256574A/en unknown
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1517263A (en) * | 1976-03-08 | 1978-07-12 | Freeport Minerals Co | Removing iron from an organic extractant containing uranium and iron especially from the extractant used in the recovery of uranium from wet process phosphoric acid |
| FR2442796A1 (fr) | 1978-11-28 | 1980-06-27 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de recuperation de l'uranium present dans les solutions d'acide phosphorique |
| FR2459205A2 (fr) | 1979-06-15 | 1981-01-09 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de recuperation de l'uranium present dans une solution d'acide phosphorique |
| FR2461681A1 (fr) * | 1979-07-20 | 1981-02-06 | Rhone Poulenc Ind | Perfectionnement au procede de recuperation de l'uranium d'un acide phosphorique impur |
| FR2494258A1 (fr) | 1980-11-14 | 1982-05-21 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de recuperation de l'uranium present dans des solutions d'acide phosphorique |
| EP0053054A1 (fr) | 1980-11-14 | 1982-06-02 | Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique | Procédé de récupération de l'uranium (VI) présent dans des solutions d'acide phosphorique |
| EP0239501A1 (fr) | 1986-03-28 | 1987-09-30 | Compagnie Generale Des Matieres Nucleaires (Cogema) | Procédé de séparation du fer à partir d'une solution organique contenant de l'uranium |
| FR2596383A1 (fr) | 1986-03-28 | 1987-10-02 | Cogema | Procede de separation du fer a partir d'une solution organique contenant de l'uranium |
| FR2604919A1 (fr) | 1986-09-10 | 1988-04-15 | Yeda Res & Dev | Agents d'extraction organo-phosphores bifonctionnels et polymeres pour la recuperation d'uranium |
| WO2013167516A1 (fr) | 2012-05-07 | 2013-11-14 | Areva Mines | Nouveaux composés bifonctionnels utiles comme ligands de l'uranium(vi), leurs procédés de synthèse et leurs utilisations |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| MERRITT, R.C.: "The Extractive Metallurgy of Uranium", 1971, COLORADO SCHOOL OF MINES RESEARCH INSTITUTE |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107810283A (zh) | 2018-03-16 |
| TN2017000545A1 (fr) | 2019-04-12 |
| IL256574A (en) | 2018-02-28 |
| CA2990559A1 (fr) | 2017-01-05 |
| BR112017028091A2 (pt) | 2018-08-28 |
| MA41660B1 (fr) | 2018-11-30 |
| FR3038326A1 (fr) | 2017-01-06 |
| US20180187290A1 (en) | 2018-07-05 |
| AU2016286275A1 (en) | 2018-01-25 |
| MA41660A1 (fr) | 2018-04-30 |
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